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Serra M, Simola N, Pollack AE, Costa G. Brain dysfunctions and neurotoxicity induced by psychostimulants in experimental models and humans: an overview of recent findings. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:1908-1918. [PMID: 38227515 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.390971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Preclinical and clinical studies indicate that psychostimulants, in addition to having abuse potential, may elicit brain dysfunctions and/or neurotoxic effects. Central toxicity induced by psychostimulants may pose serious health risks since the recreational use of these substances is on the rise among young people and adults. The present review provides an overview of recent research, conducted between 2018 and 2023, focusing on brain dysfunctions and neurotoxic effects elicited in experimental models and humans by amphetamine, cocaine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, methylphenidate, caffeine, and nicotine. Detailed elucidation of factors and mechanisms that underlie psychostimulant-induced brain dysfunction and neurotoxicity is crucial for understanding the acute and enduring noxious brain effects that may occur in individuals who use psychostimulants for recreational and/or therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcello Serra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Nicola Simola
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Alexia E Pollack
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts-Boston, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Giulia Costa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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2
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Saleem M, Ahmad T, Haynes AP, Albritton CF, Mwesigwa N, Graber MK, Kirabo A, Shibao CA. Innovative assessment of lipid-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in harvested human endothelial cells. Physiol Rep 2024; 12:e16048. [PMID: 38872467 PMCID: PMC11176576 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.16048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Studying acute changes in vascular endothelial cells in humans is challenging. We studied ten African American women and used the J-wire technique to isolate vein endothelial cells before and after a four-hour lipid and heparin infusion. Dynamic changes in lipid-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory markers were measured with fluorescence-activated cell sorting. We used the surface markers CD31 and CD144 to identify human endothelial cells. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from blood were used as a negative control. The participants received galantamine (16 mg/day) for 3 months. We previously demonstrated that galantamine treatment effectively suppresses lipid-induced oxidative stress and inflammation. In this study, we infused lipids to evaluate its potential to increase the activation of endothelial cells, as assessed by the levels of CD54+ endothelial cells and expression of Growth arrest-specific 6 compared to the baseline sample. Further, we aimed to investigate whether lipid infusion led to increased expression of the oxidative stress markers IsoLGs and nitrotyrosine in endothelial cells. This approach will expedite the in vivo identification of novel pathways linked with endothelial cell dysfunction induced by oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines. This study describes an innovative method to harvest and study human endothelial cells and demonstrates the dynamic changes in oxidative stress and inflammatory markers release induced by lipid infusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Saleem
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Room 536 Robinson Research Building, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Taseer Ahmad
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Room 536 Robinson Research Building, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, University Road, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Alexandria Porcia Haynes
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Room 536 Robinson Research Building, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Claude F Albritton
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Room 536 Robinson Research Building, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- School of Graduate Studies, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Naome Mwesigwa
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Room 536 Robinson Research Building, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Meghan K Graber
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Room 536 Robinson Research Building, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Annet Kirabo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Room 536 Robinson Research Building, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology and Inflammation, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute for Global Health, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Cyndya A Shibao
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Room 536 Robinson Research Building, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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Baquero J, Tang XH, Ferrotta A, Zhang T, DiKun KM, Gudas LJ. The transcription factor BMI1 increases hypoxic signaling in oral cavity epithelia. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167161. [PMID: 38599260 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
The tongue epithelium is maintained by a proliferative basal layer. This layer contains long-lived stem cells (SCs), which produce progeny cells that move up to the surface as they differentiate. B-lymphoma Mo-MLV insertion region 1 (BMI1), a protein in mammalian Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 (PRC1) and a biomarker of oral squamous cell carcinoma, is expressed in almost all basal epithelial SCs of the tongue, and single, Bmi1-labelled SCs give rise to cells in all epithelial layers. We previously developed a transgenic mouse model (KrTB) containing a doxycycline- (dox) controlled, Tet-responsive element system to selectively overexpress Bmi1 in the tongue basal epithelial SCs. Here, we used this model to assess BMI1 actions in tongue epithelia. Genome-wide transcriptomics revealed increased levels of transcripts involved in the cellular response to hypoxia in Bmi1-overexpressing (KrTB+DOX) oral epithelia even though these mice were not subjected to hypoxia conditions. Ectopic Bmi1 expression in tongue epithelia increased the levels of hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF1α) and HIF1α targets linked to metabolic reprogramming during hypoxia. We used chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) to demonstrate that Bmi1 associates with the promoters of HIF1A and HIF1A-activator RELA (p65) in tongue epithelia. We also detected increased SC proliferation and oxidative stress in Bmi1-overexpressing tongue epithelia. Finally, using a human oral keratinocyte line (OKF6-TERT1R), we showed that ectopic BMI1 overexpression decreases the oxygen consumption rate while increasing the extracellular acidification rate, indicative of elevated glycolysis. Thus, our data demonstrate that high BMI1 expression drives hypoxic signaling, including metabolic reprogramming, in normal oral cavity epithelia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Baquero
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA; Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xiao-Han Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA; Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Annalisa Ferrotta
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tuo Zhang
- Weill Cornell Genomics Core Facility, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Krysta M DiKun
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lorraine J Gudas
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA; Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, New York, NY, USA.
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4
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Evans LJ, O'Brien D, Shaw PJ. Current neuroprotective therapies and future prospects for motor neuron disease. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2024; 176:327-384. [PMID: 38802178 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2024.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Four medications with neuroprotective disease-modifying effects are now in use for motor neuron disease (MND). With FDA approvals for tofersen, relyvrio and edaravone in just the past year, 2022 ended a quarter of a century when riluzole was the sole such drug to offer to patients. The acceleration of approvals may mean we are witnessing the beginning of a step-change in how MND can be treated. Improvements in understanding underlying disease biology has led to more therapies being developed to target specific and multiple disease mechanisms. Consideration for how the pipeline of new therapeutic agents coming through in clinical and preclinical development can be more effectively evaluated with biomarkers, advances in patient stratification and clinical trial design pave the way for more successful translation for this archetypal complex neurodegenerative disease. While it must be cautioned that only slowed rates of progression have so far been demonstrated, pre-empting rapid neurodegeneration by using neurofilament biomarkers to signal when to treat, as is currently being trialled with tofersen, may be more effective for patients with known genetic predisposition to MND. Early intervention with personalized medicines could mean that for some patients at least, in future we may be able to substantially treat what is considered by many to be one of the most distressing diseases in medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura J Evans
- The Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, and the NIHR Sheffield Biomedical Research Centre, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - David O'Brien
- The Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, and the NIHR Sheffield Biomedical Research Centre, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Pamela J Shaw
- The Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, and the NIHR Sheffield Biomedical Research Centre, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
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5
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Rehman A, Huang F, Zhang Z, Habumugisha T, Yan C, Shaheen U, Zhang X. Nanoplastic contamination: Impact on zebrafish liver metabolism and implications for aquatic environmental health. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 187:108713. [PMID: 38703446 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Nanoplastics (NPs) are increasingly pervasive in the environment, raising concerns about their potential health implications, particularly within aquatic ecosystems. This study investigated the impact of polystyrene nanoparticles (PSN) on zebrafish liver metabolism using liquid chromatography hybrid quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF-MS) based non-targeted metabolomics. Zebrafish were exposed to 50 nm PSN for 28 days at low (L-PSN) and high (H-PSN) concentrations (0.1 and 10 mg/L, respectively) via water. The results revealed significant alterations in key metabolic pathways in low and high exposure groups. The liver metabolites showed different metabolic responses with L-PSN and H-PSN. A total of 2078 metabolite features were identified from the raw data obtained in both positive and negative ion modes, with 190 metabolites deemed statistically significant in both L-PSN and H-PSN groups. Disruptions in lipid metabolism, inflammation, oxidative stress, DNA damage, and amino acid synthesis were identified. Notably, L-PSN exposure induced changes in DNA building blocks, membrane-associated biomarkers, and immune-related metabolites, while H-PSN exposure was associated with oxidative stress, altered antioxidant metabolites, and liver injury. For the first time, L-PSN was found depolymerized in the liver by cytochrome P450 enzymes. Utilizing an analytical approach to the adverse outcome pathway (AOP), impaired lipid metabolism and oxidative stress have been identified as potentially conserved key events (KEs) associated with PSN exposure. These KEs further induced liver inflammation, steatosis, and fibrosis at the tissue and organ level. Ultimately, this could significantly impact biological health. The study highlights the PSN-induced effects on zebrafish liver metabolism, emphasizing the need for a better understanding of the risks associated with NPs contamination in aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Rehman
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese 905 Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, 906, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Fuyi Huang
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese 905 Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, 906, PR China
| | - Zixing Zhang
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese 905 Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, 906, PR China
| | - Théogène Habumugisha
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese 905 Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, 906, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Changzhou Yan
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese 905 Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, 906, PR China
| | - Uzma Shaheen
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese 905 Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, 906, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Xian Zhang
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese 905 Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, 906, PR China.
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Bhat FA, Mangalaparthi KK, Ding H, Jain A, Hsu JS, Peterson JA, Zenka RM, Mun DG, Kandasamy RK, Pandey A. Exploration of Nitrotyrosine-Containing Proteins and Peptides by Antibody-Based Enrichment Strategies. Mol Cell Proteomics 2024; 23:100733. [PMID: 38342410 PMCID: PMC10950883 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2024.100733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Nitrotyrosine, or 3-nitrotyrosine, is an oxidative post-translational modification induced by reactive nitrogen species. Although nitrotyrosine is considered a marker of oxidative stress and has been associated with inflammation, neurodegeneration, cardiovascular disease, and cancer, identification of nitrotyrosine-modified proteins remains challenging owing to its low stoichiometric levels in biological samples. To facilitate a comprehensive analysis of proteins and peptides containing nitrotyrosine, we optimized an immunoprecipitation-based enrichment workflow using a cell line model. The identification of proteins and peptides containing nitrotyrosine residues was carried out after peroxynitrite treatment of cell lysates, which generated modified nitrotyrosine residues on susceptible sites on proteins. We evaluated the efficacy of enriching nitrotyrosine-modified proteins and peptides by employing four different commercially available monoclonal antibodies directed against nitrotyrosine. LC-MS/MS analysis resulted in the identification of 1377 and 1624 nitrotyrosine-containing peptides from protein- and peptide-based enrichment experiments, respectively. Although the yield of nitrotyrosine-containing peptides was higher in experiments where peptides rather than proteins were enriched, we found a substantial proportion (37-65%) of identified nitrotyrosine-containing peptides contained nitrotyrosine at the N-terminus. However, in protein-based immunoprecipitation <9% of nitrotyrosine-containing peptides had nitrotyrosine modification at the N-terminus of the peptide. Overall, our study resulted in the identification of 2603 nitrotyrosine-containing peptides of which >2000 have not previously been reported. We synthesized 101 novel nitrotyrosine-containing peptides identified in our analysis and analyzed them by LC-MS/MS to validate our findings. We have confirmed the validity of 70% of these peptides, as they demonstrated a similarity score exceeding 0.7 when compared to peptides identified through experimental methods. Finally, we also validated the presence of nitrotyrosine modification on PKM and EF2 proteins in peroxynitrite-treated samples by immunoblot analysis. The large catalog presented in this study along with the workflow should facilitate the investigation of nitrotyrosine as an oxidative modification in a variety of settings in greater detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firdous A Bhat
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Kiran K Mangalaparthi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Husheng Ding
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Anu Jain
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Joel-Sean Hsu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Roman M Zenka
- Proteomics Core, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Dong-Gi Mun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Richard K Kandasamy
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Akhilesh Pandey
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA; Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India; Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
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Bashyal A, Brodbelt JS. Uncommon posttranslational modifications in proteomics: ADP-ribosylation, tyrosine nitration, and tyrosine sulfation. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2024; 43:289-326. [PMID: 36165040 PMCID: PMC10040477 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Posttranslational modifications (PTMs) are covalent modifications of proteins that modulate the structure and functions of proteins and regulate biological processes. The development of various mass spectrometry-based proteomics workflows has facilitated the identification of hundreds of PTMs and aided the understanding of biological significance in a high throughput manner. Improvements in sample preparation and PTM enrichment techniques, instrumentation for liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and advanced data analysis tools enhance the specificity and sensitivity of PTM identification. Highly prevalent PTMs like phosphorylation, glycosylation, acetylation, ubiquitinylation, and methylation are extensively studied. However, the functions and impact of less abundant PTMs are not as well understood and underscore the need for analytical methods that aim to characterize these PTMs. This review focuses on the advancement and analytical challenges associated with the characterization of three less common but biologically relevant PTMs, specifically, adenosine diphosphate-ribosylation, tyrosine sulfation, and tyrosine nitration. The advantages and disadvantages of various enrichment, separation, and MS/MS techniques utilized to identify and localize these PTMs are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarti Bashyal
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Jennifer S Brodbelt
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
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Deshpande A, Brants J, Wasylyk C, van Hooij O, Verhaegh GW, Maas P, Schalken JA, Wasylyk B. TTLL12 has a potential oncogenic activity, suppression of ligation of nitrotyrosine to the C-terminus of detyrosinated α-tubulin, that can be overcome by molecules identified by screening a compound library. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296960. [PMID: 38394155 PMCID: PMC10889654 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Tubulin tyrosine ligase 12 (TTLL12) is a promising target for therapeutic intervention since it has been implicated in tumour progression, the innate immune response to viral infection, ciliogenesis and abnormal cell division. It is the most mysterious of a fourteen-member TTL/TTLL family, since, although it is the topmost conserved in evolution, it does not have predicted enzymatic activities. TTLL12 seems to act as a pseudo-enzyme that modulates various processes indirectly. Given the need to target its functions, we initially set out to identify a property of TTLL12 that could be used to develop a reliable high-throughput screening assay. We discovered that TTLL12 suppresses the cell toxicity of nitrotyrosine (3-nitrotyrosine) and its ligation to the C-terminus of detyrosinated α-tubulin (abbreviated to ligated-nitrotyrosine). Nitrotyrosine is produced by oxidative stress and is associated with cancer progression. Ligation of nitrotyrosine has been postulated to be a check-point induced by excessive cell stress. We found that the cytotoxicities of nitrotyrosine and tubulin poisons are independent of one another, suggesting that drugs that increase nitrotyrosination could be complementary to current tubulin-directed therapeutics. TTLL12 suppression of nitrotyrosination of α-tubulin was used to develop a robust cell-based ELISA assay that detects increased nitrotyrosination in cells that overexpress TTLL12 We adapted it to a high throughput format and used it to screen a 10,000 molecule World Biological Diversity SETTM collection of low-molecular weight molecules. Two molecules were identified that robustly activate nitrotyrosine ligation at 1 μM concentration. This is the pioneer screen for molecules that modulate nitrotyrosination of α-tubulin. The molecules from the screen will be useful for the study of TTLL12, as well as leads for the development of drugs to treat cancer and other pathologies that involve nitrotyrosination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Deshpande
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Inserm, IGBMC UMR 7104- UMR-S 1258, F-67400 Illkirch, France
| | - Jan Brants
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Inserm, IGBMC UMR 7104- UMR-S 1258, F-67400 Illkirch, France
| | - Christine Wasylyk
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Inserm, IGBMC UMR 7104- UMR-S 1258, F-67400 Illkirch, France
| | - Onno van Hooij
- Department of Urology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerald W. Verhaegh
- Department of Urology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Maas
- Specs, Bleiswijkseweg, Zoetermeer, The Netherlands
| | - Jack A. Schalken
- Department of Urology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bohdan Wasylyk
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Inserm, IGBMC UMR 7104- UMR-S 1258, F-67400 Illkirch, France
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Ahmad R, Warsi MS, Abidi M, Habib S, Siddiqui S, Khan H, Nabi F, Moinuddin. Structural perturbations induced by cumulative action of methylglyoxal and peroxynitrite on human fibrinogen: An in vitro and in silico approach. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 307:123500. [PMID: 37989033 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MGO); a reducing sugar and a dicarbonyl; attaches to the biomolecules (proteins, lipids, and DNA) leading to glycation and accumulation of oxidative stress in cells and tissues. Superoxide anion formed under such conditions entraps free nitric oxide radical (NO) to form peroxynitrite (PON). Nitro-oxidative stress due to PON is well established. Human fibrinogen plays a key role in haemostasis and is a highly vulnerable target for oxidation. Modifications of fibrinogen can potentially disrupt its structure and function. Earlier evidence suggested that glycation and nitro-oxidation lead to protein aggregation by making it resistant to lysis. This study aims to reveal the structural perturbations on fibrinogen in the presence of MGO and PON synergistically. The in vitro glyco-nitro-oxidation of human fibrinogen by MGO and PON leads to substantial structural alterations, as evident by biophysical and biochemical studies. In-silico results revealed the formation of stable complexes. UV-visible, intrinsic fluorescence, and circular dichroism investigations confirmed the synergistic effect of MGO and PON caused micro-structural modifications leading to secondary structural alterations. AGEs formation in MGO-modified fibrinogen reduced the free lysine and free arginine residues which were quantified by TNBS and phenanthrenequinone assays. Enhanced oxidative status was confirmed by estimating carbonyl content. ANS fluorophore validated exposure of hydrophobic patches in modified protein and thioflavin-T showed maximum binding with synergistically modified fibrinogen, indicated the formation of β-sheet. Confocal and electron microscope results corroborated the formation of aggregates. This study, therefore, evaluated the impact of MGO and PON on the structural integrity, oxidative status and aggregate formation of fibrinogen that can aggravate metabolic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizwan Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohd Sharib Warsi
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Minhal Abidi
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Safia Habib
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sana Siddiqui
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Hamda Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Faisal Nabi
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Moinuddin
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Tain YL, Hsu CN. Melatonin Use during Pregnancy and Lactation Complicated by Oxidative Stress: Focus on Offspring's Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Health in Animal Models. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:226. [PMID: 38397824 PMCID: PMC10886428 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome has emerged as a major global public health concern, posing a substantial threat to human health. Early-life exposure to oxidative stress may heighten vulnerability to the developmental programming of adult diseases, encompassing various aspects of CKM syndrome. Conversely, the initiation of adverse programming processes can potentially be thwarted through early-life antioxidant interventions. Melatonin, originally recognized for its antioxidant properties, is an endogenous hormone with diverse biological functions. While melatonin has demonstrated benefits in addressing disorders linked to oxidative stress, there has been comparatively less focus on investigating its reprogramming effects on CKM syndrome. This review consolidates the current knowledge on the role of oxidative stress during pregnancy and lactation in inducing CKM traits in offspring, emphasizing the underlying mechanisms. The multifaceted role of melatonin in regulating oxidative stress, mediating fetal programming, and preventing adverse outcomes in offspring positions it as a promising reprogramming strategy. Currently, there is a lack of sufficient information in humans, and the available evidence primarily originates from animal studies. This opens up new avenues for novel preventive intervention in CKM syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Lin Tain
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan;
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ning Hsu
- Department of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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11
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Díaz M, Valdés-Baizabal C, de Pablo DP, Marin R. Age-Dependent Changes in Nrf2/Keap1 and Target Antioxidant Protein Expression Correlate to Lipoxidative Adducts, and Are Modulated by Dietary N-3 LCPUFA in the Hippocampus of Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:206. [PMID: 38397804 PMCID: PMC10886099 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The brain has a high metabolism rate that may generate reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Consequently, nerve cells require highly efficient antioxidant defenses in order to prevent a condition of deleterious oxidative stress. This is particularly relevant in the hippocampus, a highly complex cerebral area involved in processing superior cognitive functions. Most current evidence points to hippocampal oxidative damage as a causal effect for neurodegenerative disorders, especially Alzheimer's disease. Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2/Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Nrf2/Keap1) is a master key for the transcriptional regulation of antioxidant and detoxifying systems. It is ubiquitously expressed in brain areas, mainly supporting glial cells. In the present study, we have analyzed the relationships between Nrf2 and Keap1 isoforms in hippocampal tissue in response to aging and dietary long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) supplementation. The possible involvement of lipoxidative and nitrosative by-products in the dynamics of the Nrf2/Keap1 complex was examined though determination of protein adducts, namely malondialdehyde (MDA), 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE), and 3-nitro-tyrosine (NTyr) under basal conditions. The results were correlated to the expression of target proteins heme-oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4), whose expressions are known to be regulated by Nrf2/Keap1 signaling activation. All variables in this study were obtained simultaneously from the same preparations, allowing multivariate approaches. The results demonstrate a complex modification of the protein expression patterns together with the formation of adducts in response to aging and diet supplementation. Both parameters exhibited a strong interaction. Noticeably, LCPUFA supplementation to aged animals restored the Nrf2/Keap1/target protein patterns to the status observed in young animals, therefore driving a "rejuvenation" of hippocampal antioxidant defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Díaz
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of La Laguna, 38200 Tenerife, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias (IUNE), University of La Laguna, 38320 Tenerife, Spain; (C.V.-B.); (D.P.d.P.); (R.M.)
| | - Catalina Valdés-Baizabal
- Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias (IUNE), University of La Laguna, 38320 Tenerife, Spain; (C.V.-B.); (D.P.d.P.); (R.M.)
- Laboratory of Cellular Neurobiology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Laguna, 38200 Tenerife, Spain
| | - Daniel Pereda de Pablo
- Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias (IUNE), University of La Laguna, 38320 Tenerife, Spain; (C.V.-B.); (D.P.d.P.); (R.M.)
- Laboratory of Cellular Neurobiology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Laguna, 38200 Tenerife, Spain
| | - Raquel Marin
- Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias (IUNE), University of La Laguna, 38320 Tenerife, Spain; (C.V.-B.); (D.P.d.P.); (R.M.)
- Laboratory of Cellular Neurobiology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Laguna, 38200 Tenerife, Spain
- Associate Research Unit ULL-CSIC “Membrane Physiology and Biophysics in Neurodegenerative and Cancer Diseases”, 38200 Tenerife, Spain
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12
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Sharma P, Mittal P. Paraquat (herbicide) as a cause of Parkinson's Disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2024; 119:105932. [PMID: 38008593 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2023.105932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
The four features of Parkinson's disease (PD), which also manifests other non-motor symptoms, are bradykinesia, tremor, postural instability, and stiffness. The pathogenic causes of Parkinsonism include Lewy bodies, intracellular protein clumps of αsynuclein, and the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra's pars compacta region. The pathophysiology of PD is still poorly understood due to the complexity of the illness. The apoptotic cell death of neurons in PD, however, has been linked to a variety of intracellular mechanisms, according to a wide spectrum of study. The endoplasmic reticulum's stress, decreased levels of neurotrophic factors, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, catabolic alterations in dopamine, and decreased activity of tyrosine hydroxylase are some of these causes. The herbicide paraquat has been used in laboratory studies to create a variety of PD pathological features in numerous in-vitro and in-vivo animals. Due to the unique neurotoxicity that paraquat causes, understanding of the pathophysiology of PD has changed. Parkinson's disease (PD) is more likely to develop among people exposed to paraquat over an extended period of time, according to epidemiological studies. Thanks to this paradigm, the hunt for new therapy targets for PD has expanded. In both in-vitro and in-vivo models, the purpose of this study is to summarise the relationship between paraquat exposure and the onset of Parkinson's disease (PD).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Payal Mittal
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Mohali, Punjab, India.
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13
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Drăgoi CM, Nicolae AC, Ungurianu A, Margină DM, Grădinaru D, Dumitrescu IB. Circadian Rhythms, Chrononutrition, Physical Training, and Redox Homeostasis-Molecular Mechanisms in Human Health. Cells 2024; 13:138. [PMID: 38247830 PMCID: PMC10814043 DOI: 10.3390/cells13020138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
A multitude of physiological processes, human behavioral patterns, and social interactions are intricately governed by the complex interplay between external circumstances and endogenous circadian rhythms. This multidimensional regulatory framework is susceptible to disruptions, and in contemporary society, there is a prevalent occurrence of misalignments between the circadian system and environmental cues, a phenomenon frequently associated with adverse health consequences. The onset of most prevalent current chronic diseases is intimately connected with alterations in human lifestyle practices under various facets, including the following: reduced physical activity, the exposure to artificial light, also acknowledged as light pollution, sedentary behavior coupled with consuming energy-dense nutriments, irregular eating frameworks, disruptions in sleep patterns (inadequate quality and duration), engagement in shift work, and the phenomenon known as social jetlag. The rapid evolution of contemporary life and domestic routines has significantly outpaced the rate of genetic adaptation. Consequently, the underlying circadian rhythms are exposed to multiple shifts, thereby elevating the susceptibility to disease predisposition. This comprehensive review endeavors to synthesize existing empirical evidence that substantiates the conceptual integration of the circadian clock, biochemical molecular homeostasis, oxidative stress, and the stimuli imparted by physical exercise, sleep, and nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Manuela Drăgoi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (C.M.D.); (A.C.N.); (A.U.); (D.M.M.)
| | - Alina Crenguţa Nicolae
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (C.M.D.); (A.C.N.); (A.U.); (D.M.M.)
| | - Anca Ungurianu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (C.M.D.); (A.C.N.); (A.U.); (D.M.M.)
| | - Denisa Marilena Margină
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (C.M.D.); (A.C.N.); (A.U.); (D.M.M.)
| | - Daniela Grădinaru
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (C.M.D.); (A.C.N.); (A.U.); (D.M.M.)
| | - Ion-Bogdan Dumitrescu
- Department of Physics and Informatics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania;
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Fröhlich-Nowoisky J, Bothen N, Backes AT, Weller MG, Pöschl U. Oligomerization and tyrosine nitration enhance the allergenic potential of the birch and grass pollen allergens Bet v 1 and Phl p 5. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2023; 4:1303943. [PMID: 38125293 PMCID: PMC10732249 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2023.1303943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein modifications such as oligomerization and tyrosine nitration alter the immune response to allergens and may contribute to the increasing prevalence of allergic diseases. In this mini-review, we summarize and discuss relevant findings for the major birch and grass pollen allergens Bet v 1 and Phl p 5 modified with tetranitromethane (laboratory studies), peroxynitrite (physiological processes), and ozone and nitrogen dioxide (environmental conditions). We focus on tyrosine nitration and the formation of protein dimers and higher oligomers via dityrosine cross-linking and the immunological effects studied.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nadine Bothen
- Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany
| | - Anna T. Backes
- Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany
| | - Michael G. Weller
- Division 1.5 - Protein Analysis, Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrich Pöschl
- Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany
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15
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Wang X, Liu X, Tzekov R, Yu C, Yang J, Feng Y, Wu Y, Xu Y, Li S, Li W. Fenofibrate Ameliorates Retinal Pigment Epithelium Injury Induced by Excessive Fat Through Upregulation of PI3K/AKT Signaling. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:3439-3452. [PMID: 38024539 PMCID: PMC10676092 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s420178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to determine the effect and its mechanism of fenofibrate on retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) injury induced by excessive fat in vitro and in vivo. Methods ARPE-19 cells were co-incubated with palmitic acid (PA) and fenofibric acid (the active form of fenofibrate after metabolism in vivo) and mice fed with high-fat diet (HFD) were supplemented with fenofibrate. The following methods were used: Western blot and immunofluorescent staining to determine expressions of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-associated factors and proinflammatory cytokines; electroretinogram (ERG) c-wave to evaluate RPE function; TUNEL staining to detect the apoptotic cell in RPE tissue. Additionally, ARPE19 cells were treated with PI3K/AKT inhibitor or agonist to investigate the mechanism of fenofibric acid inhibiting PA-induced RPE damage. Results We found that the application of PA inhibited RPE cell viability in a dose-dependent manner, and increased the levels of NAPDH oxidase 4 (NOX4), 3-nitrotyrosin (3-NT), intracellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM1), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) at 400μM. The application of fenofibric acid resulted in the inhibition of NOX4, 3-NT, TNFα, ICAM1 and VEGF expression in ARPE-19 cells treated with PA. Moreover, wortmannin, as a selective inhibitor of PI3K/AKT pathway, abolished the effects of fenofibrate on the oxidative stress and inflammation in ARPE-19 cells. In addition, 740Y-P, a selective agonist of PI3K/AKT pathway, enhanced the protective action of fenofibrate. Meanwhile, in vivo dosing of fenofibrate ameliorated the downregulated amplitudes of ERG c-wave in HFD-fed mice and suppressed the HFD-induced oxidative injury and inflammatory response in RPE tissues. Conclusion Our results suggested that fenofibrate ameliorated RPE cell damage induced by excessive fat in vitro and in vivo, in part, through activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaomei Liu
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Radouil Tzekov
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Chaofeng Yu
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiasong Yang
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Aier Eye Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuliang Feng
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yajun Wu
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yali Xu
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiying Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wensheng Li
- Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Aier Eye Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Shanghai Aier Eye Insititute, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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Rios N, Aicardo A, Chavarría C, Ivagnes R, Mastrogiovanni M, Radi R, Souza JM. Photochemically-induced protein tyrosine nitration in vitro and in cellula by 5-methyl-1,4-dinitro-1H-imidazole (DNI): synthesis and biochemical characterization. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 209:116-126. [PMID: 37783316 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
The photochemical nitrating agent 5-methyl-1,4-dinitro-1H-imidazole (DNI) has been recently described as an effective tool for nitrating tyrosine residues in proteins under 390 nm irradiation (Long T. et al., 2021). Herein, we describe the one-step synthesis of DNI from the precursor 4-methyl-5-nitro-1H-imidazole with good yield (66%) and high purity (>99%). Spectral analysis of DNI reveals two maximum peaks (228 and 290 nm) with maximum nitration yields and kinetics occurring at 290 nm. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR)- and mass spectrometry (MS)- spin trapping analysis evidenced the formation of nitrogen dioxide (•NO2) upon irradiation of DNI, implying the homolysis of the N-N bond in the DNI molecule. Irradiation of DNI at 290, 390 nm, or UVA light (315-400 nm), produced tyrosine nitration, with yields approaching ca. 30% with respect to DNI at 290 nm exposure. Indeed, using alpha-synuclein as a model protein, the main protein post-translational modification triggered by DNI was the generation of 3-nitrotyrosine as shown by MS analysis. Additionally, the formation of di-tyrosine was also observed. Finally, intracellular •NO2 production upon DNI photolysis in bovine aortic endothelial cells was evidenced by the nitration of the tyrosine analog probe p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (PHPA) and cellular protein tyrosine nitration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Rios
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Av. Gral. Flores 2125, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Av. Gral. Flores 2125, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Adrián Aicardo
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Av. Gral. Flores 2125, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Av. Gral. Flores 2125, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay; Departamento de Nutrición Clínica, Escuela de Nutrición, Universidad de la República, Av. Ricaldoni S/N, Montevideo 11600, Uruguay
| | - Cecilia Chavarría
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Av. Gral. Flores 2125, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Av. Gral. Flores 2125, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Rodrigo Ivagnes
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Av. Gral. Flores 2125, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Av. Gral. Flores 2125, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Mauricio Mastrogiovanni
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Av. Gral. Flores 2125, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Av. Gral. Flores 2125, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Rafael Radi
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Av. Gral. Flores 2125, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Av. Gral. Flores 2125, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - José M Souza
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Av. Gral. Flores 2125, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Av. Gral. Flores 2125, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay.
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Abdel-Haq M, Ojha SK, Hamoudi W, Kumar A, Tripathi MK, Khaliulin I, Domb AJ, Amal H. Effects of extended-release 7-nitroindazole gel formulation treatment on the behavior of Shank3 mouse model of autism. Nitric Oxide 2023; 140-141:41-49. [PMID: 37714296 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by behavioral deficits such as abnormalities in communication, social interaction, anxiety, and repetitive behavior. We have recently shown that the Shank3 mutation in mice representing a model of ASD causes excessive nitric oxide (NO) levels and aberrant protein S-nitrosylation. Further, 10-day daily injections of 7-NI, a neuronal nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, into Shank3Δ4-22 and Cntnap2(-/-) mutant mice (models of ASD) at a dose of 80 mg/kg reversed the manifestations of ASD phenotype. In this study, we proposed an extended release of 7-NI using a novel drug system. Importantly, unlike the intraperitoneal injections, our new preparation of poly (sebacic acid-co-ricinoleic acid) (PSARA) gel containing 7-NI was injected subcutaneously into the mutant mice only once. The animals underwent behavioral testing starting from day 3 post-injection. It should be noted that the developed PSARA gel formulation allowed a slow release of 7-NI maintaining the plasma level of the drug at ∼45 μg/ml/day. Further, we observed improved memory and social interaction and reduced anxiety-like behavior in Shank3 mutant mice. This was accompanied by a reduction in 3-nitrotyrosine levels (an indicator of nitrative/nitrosative stress) in plasma. Overall, we suggest that our single-dose formulation of PSARA gel is very efficient in rendering a therapeutic effect of 7-NI for at least 10 days. This approach may provide in the future a rational design of an effective ASD treatment using 7-NI and its clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Abdel-Haq
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Shashank Kumar Ojha
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Wajeha Hamoudi
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Awanish Kumar
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Manish Kumar Tripathi
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Igor Khaliulin
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Abraham J Domb
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91120, Israel.
| | - Haitham Amal
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91120, Israel.
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Chaudhary MR, Chaudhary S, Sharma Y, Singh TA, Mishra AK, Sharma S, Mehdi MM. Aging, oxidative stress and degenerative diseases: mechanisms, complications and emerging therapeutic strategies. Biogerontology 2023; 24:609-662. [PMID: 37516673 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-023-10050-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Aging accompanied by several age-related complications, is a multifaceted inevitable biological progression involving various genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. The major factor in this process is oxidative stress, caused by an abundance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated in the mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER). ROS and RNS pose a threat by disrupting signaling mechanisms and causing oxidative damage to cellular components. This oxidative stress affects both the ER and mitochondria, causing proteopathies (abnormal protein aggregation), initiation of unfolded protein response, mitochondrial dysfunction, abnormal cellular senescence, ultimately leading to inflammaging (chronic inflammation associated with aging) and, in rare cases, metastasis. RONS during oxidative stress dysregulate multiple metabolic pathways like NF-κB, MAPK, Nrf-2/Keap-1/ARE and PI3K/Akt which may lead to inappropriate cell death through apoptosis and necrosis. Inflammaging contributes to the development of inflammatory and degenerative diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, and retinopathy. The body's antioxidant systems, sirtuins, autophagy, apoptosis, and biogenesis play a role in maintaining homeostasis, but they have limitations and cannot achieve an ideal state of balance. Certain interventions, such as calorie restriction, intermittent fasting, dietary habits, and regular exercise, have shown beneficial effects in counteracting the aging process. In addition, interventions like senotherapy (targeting senescent cells) and sirtuin-activating compounds (STACs) enhance autophagy and apoptosis for efficient removal of damaged oxidative products and organelles. Further, STACs enhance biogenesis for the regeneration of required organelles to maintain homeostasis. This review article explores the various aspects of oxidative damage, the associated complications, and potential strategies to mitigate these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mani Raj Chaudhary
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Sakshi Chaudhary
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Yogita Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Thokchom Arjun Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Alok Kumar Mishra
- Department of Microbiology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Shweta Sharma
- Chitkara School of Health Sciences, Chitkara University, Chandigarh, Punjab, 140401, India
| | - Mohammad Murtaza Mehdi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India.
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Sanghai N, Tranmer GK. Biochemical and Molecular Pathways in Neurodegenerative Diseases: An Integrated View. Cells 2023; 12:2318. [PMID: 37759540 PMCID: PMC10527779 DOI: 10.3390/cells12182318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) like Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are defined by a myriad of complex aetiologies. Understanding the common biochemical molecular pathologies among NDDs gives an opportunity to decipher the overlapping and numerous cross-talk mechanisms of neurodegeneration. Numerous interrelated pathways lead to the progression of neurodegeneration. We present evidence from the past pieces of literature for the most usual global convergent hallmarks like ageing, oxidative stress, excitotoxicity-induced calcium butterfly effect, defective proteostasis including chaperones, autophagy, mitophagy, and proteosome networks, and neuroinflammation. Herein, we applied a holistic approach to identify and represent the shared mechanism across NDDs. Further, we believe that this approach could be helpful in identifying key modulators across NDDs, with a particular focus on AD, PD, and ALS. Moreover, these concepts could be applied to the development and diagnosis of novel strategies for diverse NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitesh Sanghai
- College of Pharmacy, Rady Faculty of Health Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada;
| | - Geoffrey K. Tranmer
- College of Pharmacy, Rady Faculty of Health Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada;
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
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20
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Maccallini C, Amoroso R. Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase and Post-Translational Modifications in the Development of Central Nervous System Diseases: Implications and Regulation. Molecules 2023; 28:6691. [PMID: 37764469 PMCID: PMC10538099 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the Central Nervous System (CNS), Nitric Oxide (NO) is mainly biosynthesized by neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase (nNOS). The dysregulated activation of nNOS in neurons is critical in the development of different conditions affecting the CNS. The excessive production of NO by nNOS is responsible for a number of proteins' post-translational modifications (PTMs), which can lead to aberrant biochemical pathways, impairing CNS functions. In this review, we briefly revise the main implications of dysregulated nNOS in the progression of the most prevalent CNS neurodegenerative disorders, i.e., Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease, as well as in the development of neuronal disorders. Moreover, a specific focus on compounds able to modulate nNOS activity as promising therapeutics to tackle different neuronal diseases is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Maccallini
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
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Wu DG, Wang YN, Zhou Y, Gao H, Zhao B. Inhibition of the Proteasome Regulator PA28 Aggravates Oxidized Protein Overload in the Diabetic Rat Brain. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:2857-2869. [PMID: 36715894 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-023-01322-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Oxidized protein overloading caused by diabetes is one accelerating pathological pathway in diabetic encephalopathy development. To determine whether the PA28-regulated function of the proteasome plays a role in diabetes-induced oxidative damaged protein degradation, brain PA28α and PA28β interference experiments were performed in a high-fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced rat model. The present results showed that proteasome activity was changed in the brains of diabetic rats, but the constitutive subunits were not. In vivo PA28α and PA28β inhibition via adeno-associated virus (AAV) shRNA infection successfully decreased PA28 protein levels and further exacerbated oxidized proteins load by regulating proteasome catalytic activity. These findings suggest that the proteasome plays a role in the elimination of oxidized proteins and that PA28 is functionally involved in the regulation of proteasome activity in vivo. This study suggests that abnormal protein turbulence occurring in the diabetic brain could be explained by the proteasome-mediated degradation pathway. Changes in proteasome activity regulator PA28 could be a reason to induce oxidative aggregation in diabetic brain. Proteasome regulator PA28 inhibition in vivo by AAV vector injection could aggravate oxidized proteins abundance in brain of HFD-STZ diabetic rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Gui Wu
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Dali University, 6th Snowman Road, Dali, 671000, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
- Zhuhai People's Hospital, 79th Kangning Road, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Na Wang
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Dali University, 6th Snowman Road, Dali, 671000, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Zhou
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Dali University, 6th Snowman Road, Dali, 671000, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Gao
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Dali University, 6th Snowman Road, Dali, 671000, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Bei Zhao
- School of Basic Medicine Sciences, Dali University, 6th Snowman Road, Dali, 671000, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.
- Li Yun-Qing Expert Workstation of Yunnan Province (No. 202005AF150014) based in Dali University, 6th Snowman Road, Dali, 671000, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.
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22
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Harbin NH, Lustberg DJ, Hurst C, Pare J, Crotty KM, Waters AL, Yeligar SM, Smith Y, Seyfried NT, Weinshenker D, Hepler JR. RGS14 limits seizure-induced mitochondrial oxidative stress and pathology in hippocampus. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 181:106128. [PMID: 37075948 PMCID: PMC10259180 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
RGS14 is a complex multifunctional scaffolding protein that is highly enriched within pyramidal cells (PCs) of hippocampal area CA2. In these neurons, RGS14 suppresses glutamate-induced calcium influx and related G protein and ERK signaling in dendritic spines to restrain postsynaptic signaling and plasticity. Previous findings show that, unlike PCs of hippocampal areas CA1 and CA3, CA2 PCs are resistant to a number of neurological insults, including degeneration caused by temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). While RGS14 is protective against peripheral injury, similar roles for RGS14 during pathological injury in hippocampus remain unexplored. Recent studies showed that area CA2 modulates hippocampal excitability, generates epileptiform activity and promotes hippocampal pathology in animal models and patients with TLE. Because RGS14 suppresses CA2 excitability and signaling, we hypothesized that RGS14 would moderate seizure behavior and early hippocampal pathology following seizure activity, possibly affording protection to CA2 PCs. Using kainic acid (KA) to induce status epilepticus (KA-SE) in mice, we show that the loss of RGS14 (RGS14 KO) accelerated onset of limbic motor seizures and mortality compared to wild type (WT) mice, and that KA-SE upregulated RGS14 protein expression in CA2 and CA1 PCs of WT. Our proteomics data show that the loss of RGS14 impacted the expression of a number of proteins at baseline and after KA-SE, many of which associated unexpectedly with mitochondrial function and oxidative stress. RGS14 was shown to localize to the mitochondria in CA2 PCs of mice and reduce mitochondrial respiration in vitro. As a readout of oxidative stress, we found that RGS14 KO dramatically increased 3- nitrotyrosine levels in CA2 PCs, which was greatly exacerbated following KA-SE and correlated with a lack of superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) induction. Assessing for hallmarks of seizure pathology in RGS14 KO, we unexpectedly found no differences in neuronal injury in CA2 PCs. However, we observed a striking and surprising lack of microgliosis in CA1 and CA2 of RGS14 KO compared to WT. Together, our data demonstrate a newly appreciated role for RGS14 in limiting intense seizure activity and pathology in hippocampus. Our findings are consistent with a model where RGS14 limits seizure onset and mortality and, after seizure, is upregulated to support mitochondrial function, prevent oxidative stress in CA2 PCs, and promote microglial activation in hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- N H Harbin
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1510 Clifton Rd, 5001 Rollins Research Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States.
| | - D J Lustberg
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, 615 Michael Street, Suite 301, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
| | - C Hurst
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, 1510 Clifton Rd, 4001 Rollins Research Center, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States.
| | - J Pare
- Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, 954, Gatewood Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329, United States.
| | - K M Crotty
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, 1364 Clifton Road NE, Suite H-153, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States; Atlanta Veterans Affairs Health Care System, 1670 Clairmont Road, Decatur, GA 30033, United States.
| | - A L Waters
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1510 Clifton Rd, 5001 Rollins Research Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States.
| | - S M Yeligar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, 1364 Clifton Road NE, Suite H-153, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States; Atlanta Veterans Affairs Health Care System, 1670 Clairmont Road, Decatur, GA 30033, United States.
| | - Y Smith
- Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, 954, Gatewood Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329, United States; Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, 12 Executive Park Dr NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, United States.
| | - N T Seyfried
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, 1510 Clifton Rd, 4001 Rollins Research Center, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States.
| | - D Weinshenker
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, 615 Michael Street, Suite 301, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States.
| | - J R Hepler
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1510 Clifton Rd, 5001 Rollins Research Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States.
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23
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Calbiague García V, Cadiz B, Herrera P, Díaz A, Schmachtenberg O. Evaluation of Photobiomodulation and Boldine as Alternative Treatment Options in Two Diabetic Retinopathy Models. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097918. [PMID: 37175628 PMCID: PMC10178531 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy causes progressive and irreversible damage to the retina through activation of inflammatory processes, overproduction of oxidative species, and glial reactivity, leading to changes in neuronal function and finally ischemia, edema, and hemorrhages. Current treatments are invasive and mostly applied at advanced stages, stressing the need for alternatives. To this end, we tested two unconventional and potentially complementary non-invasive treatment options: Photobiomodulation, the stimulation with near-infrared light, has shown promising results in ameliorating retinal pathologies and insults in several studies but remains controversial. Boldine, on the other hand, is a potent natural antioxidant and potentially useful to prevent free radical-induced oxidative stress. To establish a baseline, we first evaluated the effects of diabetic conditions on the retina with immunofluorescence, histological, and ultrastructural analysis in two diabetes model systems, obese LepRdb/db mice and organotypic retinal explants, and then tested the potential benefits of photobiomodulation and boldine treatment in vitro on retinal explants subjected to high glucose concentrations, mimicking diabetic conditions. Our results suggest that the principal subcellular structures affected by these conditions were mitochondria in the inner segment of photoreceptors, which displayed morphological changes in both model systems. In retinal explants, lactate metabolism, assayed as an indicator of mitochondrial function, was altered, and decreased photoreceptor viability was observed, presumably as a consequence of increased oxidative-nitrosative stress. The latter was reduced by boldine treatment in vitro, while photobiomodulation improved mitochondrial metabolism but was insufficient to prevent retinal structural damage caused by high glucose. These results warrant further research into alternative and complementary treatment options for diabetic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Calbiague García
- Ph. D. Program in Neuroscience, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencias de Valparaíso (CINV), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile
| | - Bárbara Cadiz
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencias de Valparaíso (CINV), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile
| | - Pablo Herrera
- Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile
| | - Alejandra Díaz
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencias de Valparaíso (CINV), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile
| | - Oliver Schmachtenberg
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencias de Valparaíso (CINV), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile
- Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile
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24
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Mautone Gomes H, Silveira AK, Gasparotto J, Bortolin RC, Terra SR, Brum PO, Gelain DP, Fonseca Moreira JC. Effects of coconut oil long-term supplementation in Wistar rats during metabolic syndrome - regulation of metabolic conditions involving glucose homeostasis, inflammatory signals, and oxidative stress. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 114:109272. [PMID: 36681309 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate the long-term effects of Fructose (20%) feeding in rats, simulating metabolic syndrome (MetS), and the effects of coconut oil (C.O.) supplementation when administered in a MetS context. MetS is a cluster of systemic conditions that represent an increased chance of developing cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes in the future. C.O. has been the target of media speculation, and recent studies report inconsistent results. C.O. improved glucose homeostasis and reduced fat accumulation in Fructose-fed rats while decreasing the levels of triglycerides (TGs) in the liver. C.O. supplementation also increased TGs levels and fructosamine in serum during MetS, possibly due to white adipose tissue breakdown and high fructose feeding. Pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α were also increased in rats treated with Fructose and C.O. Oxidative stress marker nitrotyrosine is increased in fructose-fed animals, and C.O. treatment did not prevent this damage. No significant changes were observed in lipoperoxidation marker 4-Hydroxynonenal; however, fructose feeding increased total conjugated dienes and caused conjugated dienes to switch their conformation from cis-trans to trans-trans, which was not prevented by C.O. treatment. Potential benefits of C.O. have been reported with inconsistent results, and indeed we observed some benefits of C.O. supplementation in aiding weight loss, fat accumulation, and improving glucose homeostasis. Nonetheless, we also demonstrated that long-term C.O. supplementation could present some problematic effects with higher risk for individuals suffering MetS, including increased TGs and fructosamine levels and conformational changes in dienes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique Mautone Gomes
- Center of Oxidative Stress Studies, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Sciences - Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Brazil.
| | - Alexandre K Silveira
- Center of Oxidative Stress Studies, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Sciences - Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Brazil
| | - Juciano Gasparotto
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Departament of Biochemistry, Federal University of Alfenas - UNIFAL, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rafael Calixto Bortolin
- Departamento de Ingeniería Civil y Ambiental, Universidad de La Costa - Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia
| | - Silvia R Terra
- Hospital Veterinário UNISUL, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Avenida José Acácio Moreira, 787, Dehon, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brasil
| | - Pedro O Brum
- Dr Bohr-Gasse 9, Universität Wien, department of microbiology, immunology and genetics, Max Perutz Labs, 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel P Gelain
- Center of Oxidative Stress Studies, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Sciences - Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Brazil
| | - José C Fonseca Moreira
- Center of Oxidative Stress Studies, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Sciences - Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Brazil
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25
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Lackovic J, Jeevakumar V, Burton M, Price TJ, Dussor G. Peroxynitrite Contributes to Behavioral Responses, Increased Trigeminal Excitability, and Changes in Mitochondrial Function in a Preclinical Model of Migraine. J Neurosci 2023; 43:1627-1642. [PMID: 36697259 PMCID: PMC10008057 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1366-22.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Administration of a nitric oxide (NO) donor triggers migraine attacks, but the mechanisms by which this occurs are unknown. Reactive nitroxidative species, including NO and peroxynitrite (PN), have been implicated in nociceptive sensitization, and neutralizing PN is antinociceptive. We determined whether PN contributes to nociceptive responses in two distinct models of migraine headache. Female and male mice were subjected to 3 consecutive days of restraint stress or to dural stimulation with the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-6. Following resolution of the initial poststimulus behavioral responses, animals were tested for hyperalgesic priming using a normally non-noxious dose of the NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) or dural pH 7.0, respectively. We measured periorbital von Frey and grimace responses in both models and measured stress-induced changes in 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) expression (a marker for PN activity) and trigeminal ganglia (TGs) mitochondrial function. Additionally, we recorded the neuronal activity of TGs in response to the PN generator SIN-1 [5-amino-3-(4-morpholinyl)-1,2,3-oxadiazolium chloride]. We then tested the effects of the PN decomposition catalysts Fe(III)5,10,15,20-tetrakis(N-methylpyridinium-4-yl) porphyrin (FeTMPyP) and FeTPPS [Fe(III)5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrinato chloride], or the PN scavenger MnTBAP [Mn(III)tetrakis(4-benzoic acid)porphyrin] against these behavioral, molecular, and neuronal changes. Neutralizing PN attenuated stress-induced periorbital hypersensitivity and priming to SNP, with no effect on priming to dural pH 7.0. These compounds also prevented stress-induced increases in 3-NT expression in both the TGs and dura mater, and attenuated TG neuronal hyperexcitability caused by SIN-1. Surprisingly, FeTMPyP attenuated changes in TG mitochondrial function caused by SNP in stressed males only. Together, these data strongly implicate PN in migraine mechanisms and highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting PN.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Among the most reliable experimental triggers of migraine are nitric oxide donors. The mechanisms by which nitric oxide triggers attacks are unclear but may be because of reactive nitroxidative species such as peroxynitrite. Using mouse models of migraine headache, we show that peroxynitrite-modulating compounds attenuate behavioral, neuronal, and molecular changes caused by repeated stress and nitric oxide donors (two of the most common triggers of migraine in humans). Additionally, our results show a sex-specific regulation of mitochondrial function by peroxynitrite following stress, providing novel insight into the ways in which peroxynitrite may contribute to migraine-related mechanisms. Critically, our data underscore the potential in targeting peroxynitrite formation as a novel therapeutic for the treatment of migraine headache.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Lackovic
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080
| | - Vivek Jeevakumar
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080
| | - Michael Burton
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080
| | - Theodore J Price
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080
| | - Gregory Dussor
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080
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26
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Olufunmilayo EO, Gerke-Duncan MB, Holsinger RMD. Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Neurodegenerative Disorders. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020517. [PMID: 36830075 PMCID: PMC9952099 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders constitute a substantial proportion of neurological diseases with significant public health importance. The pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases is characterized by a complex interplay of various general and disease-specific factors that lead to the end point of neuronal degeneration and loss, and the eventual clinical manifestations. Oxidative stress is the result of an imbalance between pro-oxidant species and antioxidant systems, characterized by an elevation in the levels of reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen species, and a reduction in the levels of endogenous antioxidants. Recent studies have increasingly highlighted oxidative stress and associated mitochondrial dysfunction to be important players in the pathophysiologic processes involved in neurodegenerative conditions. In this article, we review the current knowledge of the general effects of oxidative stress on the central nervous system, the different specific routes by which oxidative stress influences the pathophysiologic processes involved in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Huntington's disease, and how oxidative stress may be therapeutically reversed/mitigated in order to stall the pathological progression of these neurodegenerative disorders to bring about clinical benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward O. Olufunmilayo
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Dementia, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
- Department of Medicine, University College Hospital, Queen Elizabeth Road, Oritamefa, Ibadan 5116, PMB, Nigeria
| | - Michelle B. Gerke-Duncan
- Education Innovation, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - R. M. Damian Holsinger
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Dementia, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
- Neuroscience, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- Correspondence:
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27
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Harbin NH, Lustberg DJ, Hurst C, Pare JF, Crotty KM, Waters AL, Yeligar SM, Smith Y, Seyfried NT, Weinshenker D, Hepler JR. RGS14 is neuroprotective against seizure-induced mitochondrial oxidative stress and pathology in hippocampus. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.01.526349. [PMID: 36778349 PMCID: PMC9915580 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.01.526349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
RGS14 is a complex multifunctional scaffolding protein that is highly enriched within pyramidal cells (PCs) of hippocampal area CA2. There, RGS14 suppresses glutamate-induced calcium influx and related G protein and ERK signaling in dendritic spines to restrain postsynaptic signaling and plasticity. Previous findings show that, unlike PCs of hippocampal areas CA1 and CA3, CA2 PCs are resistant to a number of neurological insults, including degeneration caused by temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). While RGS14 is protective against peripheral injury, similar roles for RGS14 during pathological injury in hippocampus remain unexplored. Recent studies show that area CA2 modulates hippocampal excitability, generates epileptiform activity and promotes hippocampal pathology in animal models and patients with TLE. Because RGS14 suppresses CA2 excitability and signaling, we hypothesized that RGS14 would moderate seizure behavior and early hippocampal pathology following seizure activity. Using kainic acid (KA) to induce status epilepticus (KA-SE) in mice, we show loss of RGS14 (RGS14 KO) accelerated onset of limbic motor seizures and mortality compared to wild type (WT) mice, and that KA-SE upregulated RGS14 protein expression in CA2 and CA1 PCs of WT. Utilizing proteomics, we saw loss of RGS14 impacted the expression of a number of proteins at baseline and after KA-SE, many of which associated unexpectedly with mitochondrial function and oxidative stress. RGS14 was shown to localize to the mitochondria in CA2 PCs of mice and reduce mitochondrial respiration in vitro . As a readout of oxidative stress, we found RGS14 KO dramatically increased 3-nitrotyrosine levels in CA2 PCs, which was greatly exacerbated following KA-SE and correlated with a lack of superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) induction. Assessing for hallmarks of seizure pathology in RGS14 KO, we observed worse neuronal injury in area CA3 (but none in CA2 or CA1), and a lack of microgliosis in CA1 and CA2 compared to WT. Together, our data demonstrates a newly appreciated neuroprotective role for RGS14 against intense seizure activity in hippocampus. Our findings are consistent with a model where, after seizure, RGS14 is upregulated to support mitochondrial function and prevent oxidative stress in CA2 PCs, limit seizure onset and hippocampal neuronal injury, and promote microglial activation in hippocampus.
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28
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Far from being a simple question: The complexity between in vitro and in vivo responses from nutrients and bioactive compounds with antioxidant potential. Food Chem 2023; 402:134351. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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29
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Meister ML, Najjar RS, Danh JP, Knapp D, Wanders D, Feresin RG. Berry consumption mitigates the hypertensive effects of a high-fat, high-sucrose diet via attenuation of renal and aortic AT 1R expression resulting in improved endothelium-derived NO bioavailability. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 112:109225. [PMID: 36435288 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is a contributor to high-fat diet-related blood pressure (BP) increases. Deleterious effects of dysregulated RAS result in an overproduction of reactive oxygen species and a decrease in endothelial nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability due to increased NADPH oxidase (NOX) expression. Dietary polyphenols have been shown to mitigate the imbalance in the redox state and protect against endothelial dysfunction induced by a high-fat diet. Thus, we aim to determine whether polyphenol-rich blackberry and raspberry, alone and in combination, attenuate the detrimental effects of a high-fat, high-sucrose (HFHS) diet on the vascular endothelium and kidneys of mice. We show that a HFHS diet increased the expression of renal and aortic angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R). Further, NOX1 and NOX4 expression were increased in the kidney contributing to fibrotic damage. In human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs), palmitic acid increased the expression of NOX4, potentially driving oxidative damage in the aorta, as evidenced by increased nitrotyrosine expression. Berries reduced the expression of renal and aortic AT1R, leading to a subsequent decrease in renal NOX expression and reduced aortic oxidative stress evidenced by reduced nitrotyrosine expression. Blackberry and raspberry in combination increased the expression of NRF2 and its downstream proteins in HAECs, thereby reducing the oxidative burden to the endothelium. In combination, blackberry and raspberry also increased serum levels of NO metabolites. These findings indicate that blackberry and raspberry unique polyphenols may act synergistically to favorably modulate the abovementioned pathways and attenuate HFHS diet-induced increases in BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maureen L Meister
- Department of Nutrition, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Rami S Najjar
- Department of Nutrition, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jessica P Danh
- Department of Nutrition, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Denise Knapp
- Department of Nutrition, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Desiree Wanders
- Department of Nutrition, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Rafaela G Feresin
- Department of Nutrition, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
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30
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Interdonato L, Marino Y, Franco GA, Arangia A, D’Amico R, Siracusa R, Cordaro M, Impellizzeri D, Fusco R, Cuzzocrea S, Paola RD. Açai Berry Administration Promotes Wound Healing through Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24010834. [PMID: 36614291 PMCID: PMC9821151 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, wound healing has received increased attention from both a scientific and clinical point of view. It is characterized by an organized series of processes: angiogenesis, cell migration and proliferation, extracellular matrix production, and remodeling. Many of these processes are controlled by the Wnt pathway, which activates them. The aim of the study was to evaluate the molecular mechanism of açai berry administration in a mouse model of wound healing. CD1 male mice were used in this research. Two full-thickness excisional wounds (5 mm) were performed with a sterile biopsy punch on the dorsum to create two circular, full-thickness skin wounds on either side of the median line on the dorsum. Açai berry was administered by oral administration (500 mg/kg dissolved in saline) for 6 days after induction of the wound. Our study demonstrated that açai berry can modulate the Wnt pathway, reducing the expression of Wnt3a, the cysteine-rich domain of frizzled (FZ)8, and the accumulation of cytosolic and nuclear β-catenin. Moreover, açai berry reduced the levels of TNF-α and IL-18, which are target genes strictly downstream of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. It also showed important anti-inflammatory activities by reducing the activation of the NF-κB pathway. Furthermore, Wnt can modulate the activity of growth factors, such as TGF-β, and VEGF, which are the basis of the wound-healing process. In conclusion, we can confirm that açai berry can modulate the activity of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, as it is involved in the inflammatory process and in the activity of the growth factor implicated in wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Interdonato
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Ylenia Marino
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Gianluca Antonio Franco
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Alessia Arangia
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Ramona D’Amico
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Rosalba Siracusa
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Marika Cordaro
- Department of Biomedical, Dental and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Daniela Impellizzeri
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Roberta Fusco
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Rosanna Di Paola
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
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Nobis A, Zalewski D, Samaryn E, Maciejczyk M, Zalewska A, Waszkiewicz N. Urine 3-Nitrotyrosine and Serum HDL as Potential Biomarkers of Depression. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12010377. [PMID: 36615177 PMCID: PMC9821220 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12010377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression (MDD) is a leading psychiatric entity worldwide, with a high impact on individual life and public health. In recent years, efforts have been made to elucidate its biological underpinnings. MDD biomarker research provides promise for a better understanding of the biochemical processes involved in its pathogenesis. Oxidative and nitrosative stress (O&NS) and lipid disturbances are reported as major factors favoring the occurrence of depression. A total of 29 patients with MDD and 30 healthy volunteers were examined using the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAM-D), the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A), and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Blood and urine were collected to search for potential MDD biomarkers. O&NS parameters and β-amyloid were assessed in the urine, while cholesterol fractions were assessed in the blood. The group of depressed patients was characterized by higher concentrations of urine superoxide dismutase (SOD), 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT), catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH), tryptophan (TRY), and serum triglycerides (TGA), along with lower levels of serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Elevated urine 3-NT and decreased serum HDL, considered together, were found to have the greatest potential as markers of depression. The study supports the importance of oxidative stress and cholesterol disturbances in MDD. Further research is required to assess their clinical usefulness as markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksander Nobis
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Wołodyjowskiego 2, 15-369 Białystok, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Daniel Zalewski
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Wołodyjowskiego 2, 15-369 Białystok, Poland
| | - Eliza Samaryn
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Wołodyjowskiego 2, 15-369 Białystok, Poland
| | - Mateusz Maciejczyk
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology, and Ergonomics, Medical University of Białystok, 15-089 Białystok, Poland
| | - Anna Zalewska
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Medical University of Białystok, ul. M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Białystok, Poland
| | - Napoleon Waszkiewicz
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Wołodyjowskiego 2, 15-369 Białystok, Poland
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Calderón-Torres CM, Ortiz-Reyes AE, Murguía-Romero M. Oxidative Damage by 3-nitrotyrosine in Young Adults with Obesity: Its Implication in Chronic and Contagious Diseases. Curr Mol Med 2023; 23:358-364. [PMID: 35331110 DOI: 10.2174/1566524022666220324114027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cellular damage by oxidation occurs in numerous chronic diseases, such as obesity, type II diabetes, cardiovascular disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver, etc. The oxidized compound 3-nitrotyrosine is a marker of oxidative stress and protein oxidation damage. OBJECTIVE The article aims to assess whether 3-nitrotyrosine levels are higher in young people with obesity than in the same population without obesity. METHODS Anthropometry and blood chemistry analyses were performed on 24 young Mexican participants (18-30 years old), categorized into two groups based on their waist circumference: Withobesity (≥ 80 cm women; ≥ 90 cm men) and without-obesity (<80 cm women; <90 cm men). Additionally, 3-nitrotyrosine blood values were quantified by ELISA. RESULTS Except for HDL-cholesterol, the mean values of lipids increased in women and men with obesity (p<0.05), and 3-nitrotyrosine concentration (nM/μg total protein) was higher by 60% in the group with-obesity compared to the group without-obesity, both for women (66.21 ± 23.85 vs. 40.69 ± 16.25, p<0.05) and men (51.72 ± 20.56 vs. 30.52 ± 5.21, p<0.05). CONCLUSION Oxidative damage measured by compound 3-nitrotyrosine was higher in the group with obesity than in the group without obesity, which, if not controlled, could lead to a chronic oxidative condition and thereby to a degree of cellular aging with adverse health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Marissa Calderón-Torres
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Unidad de Biomedicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Ave. de Los Barrios #1, Tlalnepantla, 54090 Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Ana E Ortiz-Reyes
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Unidad de Biomedicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Ave. de Los Barrios #1, Tlalnepantla, 54090 Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Miguel Murguía-Romero
- Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Zona Deportiva s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico
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Steinert JR, Amal H. The contribution of an imbalanced redox signalling to neurological and neurodegenerative conditions. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 194:71-83. [PMID: 36435368 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide and other redox active molecules such as oxygen free radicals provide essential signalling in diverse neuronal functions, but their excess production and insufficient scavenging induces cytotoxic redox stress which is associated with numerous neurodegenerative and neurological conditions. A further component of redox signalling is mediated by a homeostatic regulation of divalent metal ions, the imbalance of which contributes to neuronal dysfunction. Additional antioxidant molecules such as glutathione and enzymes such as super oxide dismutase are involved in maintaining a physiological redox status within neurons. When cellular processes are perturbed and generation of free radicals overwhelms the antioxidants capacity of the neurons, a resulting redox damage leads to neuronal dysfunction and cell death. Cellular sources for production of redox-active molecules may include NADPH oxidases, mitochondria, cytochrome P450 and nitric oxide (NO)-generating enzymes, such as endothelial, neuronal and inducible NO synthases. Several neurodegenerative and developmental neurological conditions are associated with an imbalanced redox state as a result of neuroinflammatory processes leading to nitrosative and oxidative stress. Ongoing research aims at understanding the causes and consequences of such imbalanced redox homeostasis and its role in neuronal dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joern R Steinert
- Division of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Nottingham, School of Life Sciences, Nottingham, NG7 2NR, UK.
| | - Haitham Amal
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
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Karmakar S, Das TK, Kalarikkal N, Saha A. A Simplified Approach for the Aqueous Synthesis of Luminescent CdSe/ZnS Core/Shell Quantum Dots and Their Applications in Ultrasensitive Determination of the Biomarker 3-Nitro-l-tyrosine. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:15995-16003. [PMID: 36512759 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In contrast to the hot-injection organometallic routes, synthesizing stable and highly luminescent core/shell nanocrystals with encapsulation of biocompatible groups through an aqueous route is a long-standing challenge. In recent years, relatively high quantum efficiency and unique properties of core/shell nanostructured materials (quantum dots) have contributed toward enhancement in sensing capability. The present work reports a facile aqueous synthesis process of core/shell CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) with encapsulation of glutathione (GSH). The optimal conditions for the synthesis of the most stable particles were ascertained, and the different experimental analyses suggest that the stable core/shell QDs in question have good crystallinity with a size around 4.7 nm with a shell thickness of 0.7 nm and a photoluminescence quantum yield of about 35%. Further, it is demonstrated that the as-synthesized material has great potential in detecting as low as 0.28 nM 3-nitro-l-tyrosine (3-NT), an important marker for oxidative stress, the level of which in our body signals several chronically diseased conditions. The enthalpy-driven interactions of CdSe/ZnS-GSH QDs with 3-NT were characterized through steady-state and time-resolved luminescence spectroscopy and isothermal microcalorimetry. The devised method of probing 3-NT was further validated with human serum samples. Thus, the proposed strategy may provide a protocol for selective determination of 3-NT under different pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudip Karmakar
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Kolkata Centre, III/LB-8 Bidhannagar, Kolkata700106, India
| | - Tushar Kanti Das
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Kolkata Centre, III/LB-8 Bidhannagar, Kolkata700106, India
| | - Nandakumar Kalarikkal
- School of Pure and Applied Physics, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam686560, Kerala, India
| | - Abhijit Saha
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Kolkata Centre, III/LB-8 Bidhannagar, Kolkata700106, India
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Oxidative Stress and Nuclear Reprogramming: A Pilot Study of the Effects of Reactive Oxygen Species on Architectural and Epigenetic Landscapes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010153. [PMID: 36613595 PMCID: PMC9820425 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell genome integrity is continuously threatened by various sources, both endogenous and exogenous. Oxidative stress causes a multitude of damages, severely affecting cell viability, fidelity of genetic information inheritance, and determining profound alterations in gene expression. Epigenetics represents a major form of gene expression modulation, influencing DNA accessibility to transcription factors and the overall nuclear architecture. When assessing the stress-induced epigenome reprogramming, widely diffused biochemical and molecular approaches commonly fail to incorporate analyses such as architectural chromatin alterations and target molecules precise spatial localization. Unveiling the significance of the nuclear response to the oxidative stress, as well as the functional effects over the chromatin organization, may reveal targets and strategies for approaches aiming at limiting the impact on cellular stability. For these reasons, we utilized potassium bromate treatment, a stressor able to induce DNA damages without altering the cellular microenvironment, hence purely modeling nuclear oxidative stress. By means of high-resolution techniques, we described profound alterations in DNA and histone epigenetic modifications and in chromatin organization in response to the reactive oxygen species.
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Dubuisson N, Versele R, Planchon C, Selvais CM, Noel L, Abou-Samra M, Davis-López de Carrizosa MA. Histological Methods to Assess Skeletal Muscle Degeneration and Regeneration in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:16080. [PMID: 36555721 PMCID: PMC9786356 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a progressive disease caused by the loss of function of the protein dystrophin. This protein contributes to the stabilisation of striated cells during contraction, as it anchors the cytoskeleton with components of the extracellular matrix through the dystrophin-associated protein complex (DAPC). Moreover, absence of the functional protein affects the expression and function of proteins within the DAPC, leading to molecular events responsible for myofibre damage, muscle weakening, disability and, eventually, premature death. Presently, there is no cure for DMD, but different treatments help manage some of the symptoms. Advances in genetic and exon-skipping therapies are the most promising intervention, the safety and efficiency of which are tested in animal models. In addition to in vivo functional tests, ex vivo molecular evaluation aids assess to what extent the therapy has contributed to the regenerative process. In this regard, the later advances in microscopy and image acquisition systems and the current expansion of antibodies for immunohistological evaluation together with the development of different spectrum fluorescent dyes have made histology a crucial tool. Nevertheless, the complexity of the molecular events that take place in dystrophic muscles, together with the rise of a multitude of markers for each of the phases of the process, makes the histological assessment a challenging task. Therefore, here, we summarise and explain the rationale behind different histological techniques used in the literature to assess degeneration and regeneration in the field of dystrophinopathies, focusing especially on those related to DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Dubuisson
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Unit, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Medical Sector, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 55, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
- Neuromuscular Reference Center, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (CUSL), Avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Romain Versele
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Unit, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Medical Sector, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 55, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Chloé Planchon
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Unit, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Medical Sector, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 55, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Camille M. Selvais
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Unit, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Medical Sector, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 55, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Laurence Noel
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Unit, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Medical Sector, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 55, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michel Abou-Samra
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Unit, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Medical Sector, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 55, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - María A. Davis-López de Carrizosa
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Unit, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Medical Sector, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue Hippocrate 55, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Seville, Spain
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Impact of Reactive Species on Amino Acids-Biological Relevance in Proteins and Induced Pathologies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214049. [PMID: 36430532 PMCID: PMC9692786 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This review examines the impact of reactive species RS (of oxygen ROS, nitrogen RNS and halogens RHS) on various amino acids, analyzed from a reactive point of view of how during these reactions, the molecules are hydroxylated, nitrated, or halogenated such that they can lose their capacity to form part of the proteins or peptides, and can lose their function. The reactions of the RS with several amino acids are described, and an attempt was made to review and explain the chemical mechanisms of the formation of the hydroxylated, nitrated, and halogenated derivatives. One aim of this work is to provide a theoretical analysis of the amino acids and derivatives compounds in the possible positions. Tyrosine, methionine, cysteine, and tryptophan can react with the harmful peroxynitrite or •OH and •NO2 radicals and glycine, serine, alanine, valine, arginine, lysine, tyrosine, histidine, cysteine, methionine, cystine, tryptophan, glutamine and asparagine can react with hypochlorous acid HOCl. These theoretical results may help to explain the loss of function of proteins subjected to these three types of reactive stresses. We hope that this work can help to assess the potential damage that reactive species can cause to free amino acids or the corresponding residues when they are part of peptides and proteins.
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Docherty J, Leheste JR, Mancini J, Yao S. Preliminary Effects of Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine on Reactive Oxygen Species in Parkinson’s Disease: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study. Cureus 2022; 14:e31504. [DOI: 10.7759/cureus.31504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Tain YL, Hsu CN. Metabolic Syndrome Programming and Reprogramming: Mechanistic Aspects of Oxidative Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2108. [PMID: 36358480 PMCID: PMC9686950 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a worldwide public health issue characterized by a set of risk factors for cardiovascular disease. MetS can originate in early life by developmental programming. Increasing evidence suggests that oxidative stress, which is characterized as an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), and antioxidant systems, plays a decisive role in MetS programming. Results from human and animal studies indicate that maternal-derived insults induce MetS later in life, accompanied by oxidative stress programming of various organ systems. On the contrary, perinatal use of antioxidants can offset oxidative stress and thereby prevent MetS traits in adult offspring. This review provides an overview of current knowledge about the core mechanisms behind MetS programming, with particular focus on the occurrence of oxidative-stress-related pathogenesis as well as the use of potential oxidative-stress-targeted interventions as a reprogramming strategy to avert MetS of developmental origins. Future clinical studies should provide important proof of concept for the effectiveness of these reprogramming interventions to prevent a MetS epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Lin Tain
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ning Hsu
- Department of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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40
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Basilio E, Chen R, Fernandez AC, Padula AM, Robinson JF, Gaw SL. Wildfire Smoke Exposure during Pregnancy: A Review of Potential Mechanisms of Placental Toxicity, Impact on Obstetric Outcomes, and Strategies to Reduce Exposure. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13727. [PMID: 36360613 PMCID: PMC9657128 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192113727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is accelerating the intensity and frequency of wildfires globally. Understanding how wildfire smoke (WS) may lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes and alterations in placental function via biological mechanisms is critical to mitigate the harms of exposure. We aim to review the literature surrounding WS, placental biology, biological mechanisms underlying adverse pregnancy outcomes as well as interventions and strategies to avoid WS exposure in pregnancy. This review includes epidemiologic and experimental laboratory-based studies of WS, air pollution, particulate matter (PM), and other chemicals related to combustion in relation to obstetric outcomes and placental biology. We summarized the available clinical, animal, and placental studies with WS and other combustion products such as tobacco, diesel, and wood smoke. Additionally, we reviewed current recommendations for prevention of WS exposure. We found that there is limited data specific to WS; however, studies on air pollution and other combustion sources suggest a link to inflammation, oxidative stress, endocrine disruption, DNA damage, telomere shortening, epigenetic changes, as well as metabolic, vascular, and endothelial dysregulation in the maternal-fetal unit. These alterations in placental biology contribute to adverse obstetric outcomes that disproportionally affect the most vulnerable. Limiting time outdoors, wearing N95 respirator face masks and using high quality indoor air filters during wildfire events reduces exposure to related environmental exposures and may mitigate morbidities attributable to WS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Basilio
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Rebecca Chen
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | | | - Amy M. Padula
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Joshua F. Robinson
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Stephanie L. Gaw
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Center for Reproductive Sciences, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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Ramos H, Bogdanov P, Huerta J, Deàs-Just A, Hernández C, Simó R. Antioxidant Effects of DPP-4 Inhibitors in Early Stages of Experimental Diabetic Retinopathy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071418. [PMID: 35883908 PMCID: PMC9312245 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress plays a key role in the impairment of the retinal neurovascular unit, an early event in the pathogenesis of DR. The aim of this study was to assess the antioxidant properties of topical administration (eye drops) of sitagliptin in the diabetic retina. For this purpose, db/db mice received sitagliptin or vehicle eye drops twice per day for two weeks. Age-matched db/+ mice were used as the control group. We evaluated retinal mRNA (RT-PCR) and protein levels (Western blotting and immunohistochemistry) of different components from both the antioxidant system (NRF2, CAT, GPX, GR, CuZnSOD, and MnSOD) and the prooxidant machinery (PKC and TXNIP). We also studied superoxide levels (dihydroethidium staining) and oxidative damage to DNA/RNA (8-hydroxyguanosine immunostaining) and proteins (nitrotyrosine immunostaining). Finally, NF-кB translocation and IL-1β production were assessed through Western blotting and/or immunohistochemistry. We found that sitagliptin protected against diabetes-induced oxidative stress by reducing superoxide, TXNIP, PKC, and DNA/RNA/protein oxidative damage, and it prevented the downregulation of NRF2 and antioxidant enzymes, with the exception of catalase. Sitagliptin also exerted anti-inflammatory effects, avoiding both NF-кB translocation and IL-1β production. Sitagliptin prevents the diabetes-induced imbalance between ROS production and antioxidant defenses that occurs in diabetic retinas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Ramos
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (H.R.); (P.B.); (J.H.); (A.D.-J.)
- Center for Networked Biomedical Research of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Carlos III Health Institute (ICSIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Bogdanov
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (H.R.); (P.B.); (J.H.); (A.D.-J.)
- Center for Networked Biomedical Research of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Carlos III Health Institute (ICSIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Huerta
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (H.R.); (P.B.); (J.H.); (A.D.-J.)
| | - Anna Deàs-Just
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (H.R.); (P.B.); (J.H.); (A.D.-J.)
- Center for Networked Biomedical Research of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Carlos III Health Institute (ICSIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Hernández
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (H.R.); (P.B.); (J.H.); (A.D.-J.)
- Center for Networked Biomedical Research of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Carlos III Health Institute (ICSIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (C.H.); (R.S.); Tel.: +34-934-894-172 (C.H.)
| | - Rafael Simó
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (H.R.); (P.B.); (J.H.); (A.D.-J.)
- Center for Networked Biomedical Research of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Carlos III Health Institute (ICSIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (C.H.); (R.S.); Tel.: +34-934-894-172 (C.H.)
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Comparison of Five Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Vegans and Omnivores from Germany and Finland. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14142918. [PMID: 35889875 PMCID: PMC9323774 DOI: 10.3390/nu14142918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
When the amount of reactive oxygen species produced by human metabolism cannot be balanced by antioxidants, this phenomenon is commonly referred to as oxidative stress. It is hypothesised that diets with high amounts of plant food products may have a beneficial impact on oxidative stress status. However, few studies have examined whether a vegan diet is associated with lower oxidative stress compared to an omnivorous diet. The present cross-sectional study aimed to compare the levels of five oxidative stress biomarkers in vegans and omnivores. Data of 36 vegans and 36 omnivores from Germany and of 21 vegans and 18 omnivores from Finland were analysed. HPLC coupled with mass spectrometry or fluorescence detection and ELISA methods were used to measure the oxidative stress biomarkers malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyls and 3-nitrotyrosine in plasma and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (8-iso-PGF2α) in 24 h urine. Analyses of variance and covariance, considering potential confounders, were used. Vegans and omnivores showed no differences in MDA and protein carbonyl concentrations. In Finnish but not in German vegans, the concentrations of 3-nitrotyrosine were lower compared to those in omnivores (p = 0.047). In Germany, vegans showed lower excretion levels of 8-iso-PGF2α than omnivores (p = 0.002) and with a trend also of 8-OHdG (p = 0.05). The sensitivity analysis suggests lower 8-iso-PGF2α excretion levels in women compared to men, independently of the dietary group. The present study contributes to expanding our knowledge of the relationship between diet and oxidative stress and showed that 3-nitrotyrosine, 8-OHdG and 8-iso-PGF2α tended to be lower in vegans. Furthermore, studies are recommended to validate the present findings.
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Häussinger D, Dhiman RK, Felipo V, Görg B, Jalan R, Kircheis G, Merli M, Montagnese S, Romero-Gomez M, Schnitzler A, Taylor-Robinson SD, Vilstrup H. Hepatic encephalopathy. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2022; 8:43. [PMID: 35739133 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-022-00366-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a prognostically relevant neuropsychiatric syndrome that occurs in the course of acute or chronic liver disease. Besides ascites and variceal bleeding, it is the most serious complication of decompensated liver cirrhosis. Ammonia and inflammation are major triggers for the appearance of HE, which in patients with liver cirrhosis involves pathophysiologically low-grade cerebral oedema with oxidative/nitrosative stress, inflammation and disturbances of oscillatory networks in the brain. Severity classification and diagnostic approaches regarding mild forms of HE are still a matter of debate. Current medical treatment predominantly involves lactulose and rifaximin following rigorous treatment of so-called known HE precipitating factors. New treatments based on an improved pathophysiological understanding are emerging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieter Häussinger
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Radha K Dhiman
- Department of Hepatology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, (Uttar Pradesh), India
| | - Vicente Felipo
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Centro de Investigación Principe Felipe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Boris Görg
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Rajiv Jalan
- Liver Failure Group ILDH, Division of Medicine, UCL Medical School, Royal Free Campus, London, UK.,European Foundation for the Study of Chronic Liver Failure, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gerald Kircheis
- Department of Gastroenterology, Diabetology and Hepatology, University Hospital Brandenburg an der Havel, Brandenburg Medical School, Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany
| | - Manuela Merli
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Universita' degli Studi di Roma - Sapienza, Roma, Italy
| | | | - Manuel Romero-Gomez
- UCM Digestive Diseases, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (HUVR/CSIC/US), University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Alfons Schnitzler
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Simon D Taylor-Robinson
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, St. Mary's Hospital Campus, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Hendrik Vilstrup
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Grotemeyer A, McFleder RL, Wu J, Wischhusen J, Ip CW. Neuroinflammation in Parkinson's Disease - Putative Pathomechanisms and Targets for Disease-Modification. Front Immunol 2022; 13:878771. [PMID: 35663989 PMCID: PMC9158130 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.878771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive and debilitating chronic disease that affects more than six million people worldwide, with rising prevalence. The hallmarks of PD are motor deficits, the spreading of pathological α-synuclein clusters in the central nervous system, and neuroinflammatory processes. PD is treated symptomatically, as no causally-acting drug or procedure has been successfully established for clinical use. Various pathways contributing to dopaminergic neuron loss in PD have been investigated and described to interact with the innate and adaptive immune system. We discuss the possible contribution of interconnected pathways related to the immune response, focusing on the pathophysiology and neurodegeneration of PD. In addition, we provide an overview of clinical trials targeting neuroinflammation in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jingjing Wu
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jörg Wischhusen
- Section for Experimental Tumor Immunology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Chi Wang Ip
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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Shamoon L, Romero A, De la Cuesta F, Sánchez-Ferrer CF, Peiró C. Angiotensin-(1-7), a protective peptide against vascular aging. Peptides 2022; 152:170775. [PMID: 35231551 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2022.170775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Vascular aging is a complex and multifaceted process that provokes profound molecular, structural, and functional changes in the vasculature. Eventually, these profound aging alterations make arteries more prone to vascular disease, including hypertension, atherosclerosis and other arterial complications that impact the organism beyond the cardiovascular system and accelerate frailty. For these reasons, preventing or delaying the hallmarks of vascular aging is nowadays a major health goal, especially in our aged societies. In this context, angiotensin(Ang)-(1-7), a major player of the protective branch of the renin-angiotensin system, has gained relevance over recent years as growing knowledge on its anti-aging properties is being unveiled. Here, we briefly review the main actions of Ang-(1-7) against vascular aging. These include protection against vascular cell senescence, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects together with the induction of cytoprotective systems. Ang-(1-7) further ameliorates endothelial dysfunction, a hallmark of vascular aging and disease, attenuates fibrosis and calcification and promotes protective angiogenesis and repair. Although further research is needed to better understand the anti-aging properties of Ang-(1-7) on the vasculature, this heptapeptide arises as a promising pharmacological tool for preventing vascular aging and frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Shamoon
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz, IdIPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Romero
- German Center for the Study of Diabetes, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - F De la Cuesta
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain.
| | - C F Sánchez-Ferrer
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz, IdIPAZ, Madrid, Spain.
| | - C Peiró
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz, IdIPAZ, Madrid, Spain.
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Chen B, Misrani A, Long C, He Z, Chen K, Yang L. Pigment of Ceiba speciosa (A. St.-Hil.) Flowers: Separation, Extraction, Purification and Antioxidant Activity. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27113555. [PMID: 35684492 PMCID: PMC9182074 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the extraction procedure of a natural pigment from the flower of Ceiba speciosa (A. St.-Hil.) was optimized by response surface methodology. It is the first time that the extraction of the flower pigment of C. speciosa (FPCS) has been reported, along with an evaluation of its stability and biological activity under various conditions, and an exploration of its potential use as a food additive and in medicine. Specifically, the effects of ethanol concentration, solid-liquid ratio, temperature and time on the extraction rate of FPCS were determined using a Box-Behnken design. The optimum extraction conditions for FPCS were 75% ethanol with a solid-liquid ratio of 1:75 mg/mL) at 66 °C for 39 min. The purification of FPCS using different macroporous resins showed that D101 performed best when the initial mass concentration of the injection solution was 1.50 mg/mL, resulting in a three-fold increase in color value. The yield of dry flowers was 9.75% of fresh petals and the FPCS extraction efficiency was 43.2%. The effects of light, solubility, pH, temperature, sweeteners, edible acids, redox agents, preservatives and metal ions on FPCS were also investigated. Furthermore, the characteristics of FPCS were determined by spectrophotometry at a specific wavelength using the Lambert-Beer law to correlate the mass of FPCS with its absorbance value. An acute toxicological test performed according to Horne's method showed that FPCS is a non-toxic extract and thus may be used as a food additive or in other ingestible forms. Finally, western blotting showed that FPCS prevents lipopolysaccharide-induced hippocampal oxidative stress in mice. The study suggests that FPCS may function as an antioxidant with applications in the food, cosmetics and polymer industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyu Chen
- Precise Genome Engineering Center, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China;
| | - Afzal Misrani
- South China Normal University-Panyu Central Hospital Joint Laboratory of Translational Medical Research, Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou 511400, China; (A.M.); (C.L.)
| | - Cheng Long
- South China Normal University-Panyu Central Hospital Joint Laboratory of Translational Medical Research, Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou 511400, China; (A.M.); (C.L.)
- School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Zhizhou He
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Correspondence: (Z.H.); (K.C.); (L.Y.); Tel.: +86-(020)-3936-6913 (L.Y.)
| | - Kun Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Correspondence: (Z.H.); (K.C.); (L.Y.); Tel.: +86-(020)-3936-6913 (L.Y.)
| | - Li Yang
- Precise Genome Engineering Center, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China;
- Correspondence: (Z.H.); (K.C.); (L.Y.); Tel.: +86-(020)-3936-6913 (L.Y.)
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Francesca F, Caitlin A, Sarah L, Robyn GL. Antroquinonol administration in animal preclinical studies for Alzheimer's disease (AD): A new avenue for modifying progression of AD pathophysiology. Brain Behav Immun Health 2022; 21:100435. [PMID: 35252893 PMCID: PMC8892093 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2022.100435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the rise of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in an ageing population, no cure is currently available for this disorder. This study assessed the role of a natural compound, Antroquinonol, in modifying the progression of AD when administered at the start and/or before appearance of symptoms and when the disease was well established, in a transgenic animal model. Antroquinonol was administered daily for 8 weeks, in 11 week (early stage) and 9 month (late stage) male transgenic mice (3 times Transgenic mice PS1M146V, APPSwe, and tauP301L, 3 Tg XAD) and their respective aged controls. Behavioural testing (including Elevated Plus Maze Watermaze, Recognition object testing and Y maze) was performed at the end of the drug administration. In addition AD biomarkers (Amyloid beta 42 (Aβ42), tau and phospho-tau levels), oxidative stress and inflammatory markers, were assessed in tested mice brains after their sacrifice at the end of the treatment. When administered before the start of symptoms at 11 weeks, Antroquinonol treatment at 34 mg/kg (D2) and more consistently at 75 mg/kg (D3), had a significant effect on reducing systemic inflammatory markers (Interleukin 1, IL-1β and TNF-α) and AD biomarker (Amyloid Beta 42, Aβ42 and tau) levels in the brain. The reduction of behavioural impairment reported for 3TgXAD mice was observed significantly for the D3 drug dose only and for all behavioural tests, when administered at 11 weeks. Similarly, beneficial effects of Antroquinonol (at higher dose D3) were noted in the transgenic mice in terms of AD biomarkers (tau and phosphorylated-tau), systemic inflammatory (IL-1β), brain anti-inflammatory (Nrf2) and oxidative (3-Nitrotyrosine, 3NT) markers. Improvement of memory impairment was also reported when Antroquinonol (D3) was administered at late stage (9 months). Since Antroquinonol has been used without adverse effects in previous successful clinical trials, this drug may offer a new avenue of treatment to modify AD development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernandez Francesca
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, 1100 Nudgee Rd, Banyo, Queensland, 4014, Australia
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Medicine, Genomics Research Centre, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, QLD, 4059, Australia
| | - Aust Caitlin
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, 1100 Nudgee Rd, Banyo, Queensland, 4014, Australia
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Medicine, Genomics Research Centre, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, QLD, 4059, Australia
| | - Lye Sarah
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, 1100 Nudgee Rd, Banyo, Queensland, 4014, Australia
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Medicine, Genomics Research Centre, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, QLD, 4059, Australia
| | - Griffiths Lyn Robyn
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Medicine, Genomics Research Centre, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, QLD, 4059, Australia
- Corresponding author. Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health Genomics Research Centre, Queensland University of Technology, Australia.
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Characterization of a novel affinity binding ligand for tyrosine nitrated peptides from a phage-displayed peptide library. Talanta 2022; 241:123225. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Xi YD, Chi YF, Han J, Li HR, Wang XY, Wang X, Li TT, Yu HY, Xiao R. Keap1 as Target of Genistein on Nrf2 Signaling Pathway Antagonizing Aβ induced Oxidative Damage of Cerebrovascular Endothelial Cells. Curr Neurovasc Res 2022; 19:73-82. [PMID: 35388754 DOI: 10.2174/1567202619666220406100320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND β-amyloid peptides (Aβ) induced oxidative damage contributes to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases and cerebrovascular system is more vulnerable to oxidative stress. Our earlier study showed a clue that Genistein (Gen) might activate Nf-E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway to protect cerebrovascular cells from oxidative damage induced by Aβ, but the specific mechanisms and regulation targets are unclear. OBJECTIVE In this study, the anti-oxidative effects and the possible targets of Gen on regulating Nrf2 pathway in bEnd.3 cells were investigated. Cells were divided into control, Aβ25-35, Gen and Gen+Aβ25-35 groups. METHODS Cell viability, levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) activity and nitrotyrosine were evaluated. Moreover, mRNA and/or protein expressions of Nrf2 and kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) were measured. Then we transfected Keap1 over-expressed plasmid into bEnd.3 cells and measured the protein expressions of Nrf2 pathway related factors. Data showed that Gen could inhibit the over-production of MDA and nitrotyrosine and activate SOD activity. Besides we got the phenomenon that Gen could up-regulate the mRNA and protein expressions of Nrf2 and down-regulate Keap1 protein expression, the Keap1 over-expressed plasmid study indicated that the up-regulation of Nrf2 protein expression induced by pretreatment of Gen could be blocked by the transfection of Keap1 over-expressed plasmid, and the same results also occurred in Nrf2 downstream factors. CONCLUSION Gen could alleviate the cerebrovascular cells oxidative damage induced by Aβ25-35 through regulating Nrf2 pathway, and Keap1 might be one of the targets of Gen on activating Nrf2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Di Xi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Ya-Fei Chi
- Laboratory Animal Center, Capital Medical University, No.10 Xitoutiao, You An Men Wai, Beijing, P.R.China
| | - Jing Han
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Hong-Rui Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xian-Yun Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Tian-Tian Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Hui-Yan Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Rong Xiao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
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See WZC, Naidu R, Tang KS. Cellular and Molecular Events Leading to Paraquat-Induced Apoptosis: Mechanistic Insights into Parkinson’s Disease Pathophysiology. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:3353-3369. [PMID: 35306641 PMCID: PMC9148284 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02799-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the cardinal features of tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity, and postural instability, in addition to other non-motor symptoms. Pathologically, PD is attributed to the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, with the hallmark of the presence of intracellular protein aggregates of α-synuclein in the form of Lewy bodies. The pathogenesis of PD is still yet to be fully elucidated due to the multifactorial nature of the disease. However, a myriad of studies has indicated several intracellular events in triggering apoptotic neuronal cell death in PD. These include oxidative stress, mitochondria dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress, alteration in dopamine catabolism, inactivation of tyrosine hydroxylase, and decreased levels of neurotrophic factors. Laboratory studies using the herbicide paraquat in different in vitro and in vivo models have demonstrated the induction of many PD pathological features. The selective neurotoxicity induced by paraquat has brought a new dawn in our perspectives about the pathophysiology of PD. Epidemiological data have suggested an increased risk of developing PD in the human population exposed to paraquat for a long term. This model has opened new frontiers in the quest for new therapeutic targets for PD. The purpose of this review is to synthesize the relationship between the exposure of paraquat and the pathogenesis of PD in in vitro and in vivo models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesley Zhi Chung See
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Science, Monash University Malaysia, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rakesh Naidu
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Science, Monash University Malaysia, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kim San Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia.
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