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Beckmeyer JJ, Herbenick D, Eastman-Mueller H. Sexual pleasure during college students' most recent partnered sexual experiences. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023; 71:2550-2561. [PMID: 34634225 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2021.1978461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ObjectiveWe explored college students' sexual pleasure using a new self-report measure, the Body, Emotions, Sensations, Touch/Trust (B.E.S.T.) Scale of Sexual Pleasure. Participants: Data were from 3997 randomly sampled students with a partnered sexual experience. Methods: Students completed an online survey about their most recent partnered sexual experience. Data was collected in January 2020. Results: Students find the nonphysical aspects of partnered sex (e.g., emotions, trust, connection with partners) as pleasurable as physical aspects (e.g., behaviors engaged and received, bodily sensations). Self-reported arousal, wantedness, and emotional intimacy were the strongest correlates of male, female, and transgender/gender non-binary students' sexual pleasure. Few sexual behaviors were associated with sexual pleasure and only one - cuddling for women - was associated with greater sexual pleasure. Conclusions: Students find their partnered sexual experiences pleasurable. Students' sex may be more pleasurable when they feel ready for sex, desire sex, and feel close to their partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathon J Beckmeyer
- Department of Counseling and Learning Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
- Center for Sexual Health Promotion, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Debby Herbenick
- Center for Sexual Health Promotion, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
- Department of Applied Health Science, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Heather Eastman-Mueller
- Center for Sexual Health Promotion, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
- Department of Applied Health Science, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA
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2
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Poovey K, de Jong DC, Morey K. The Roles of Body Image, Sexual Motives, and Distraction in Women's Sexual Pleasure. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2022; 51:1577-1589. [PMID: 35113273 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-021-02210-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Women with body image concerns are more likely to experience sexual difficulties (e.g., with arousal, lubrication, orgasm). However, the processes by which body image impacts sexual well-being are poorly understood. We theorized that women with negative body image are less likely to view sex in terms of reward, leading them to have weaker approach sexual motives (i.e., to pursue positive experiences such as pleasure). Rather, women with negative body image may have sex to avoid personal insecurities and negative emotions, leading them to have stronger avoidance sexual motives (i.e., to cope with negative affect or to avoid partner conflict). In turn, we theorized that stronger approach sexual motives may allow women to be more focused on erotic cues during sex, thereby enhancing sexual pleasure, whereas avoidance motives may lead to greater distraction, interfering with sexual pleasure. Women (N = 1619) were recruited from online venues and reported on their body image and most recent sex. We found that body dissatisfaction was associated with weaker self-focused approach motives and in turn more distraction. Additionally, body dissatisfaction was associated with stronger self- and partner-focused avoidance motives and in turn more distraction. In turn, more distraction was associated with less pleasure and worse sexual function. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first investigation of whether body image in women is associated with their sexual motives. Findings highlight the importance of sexual motives in explaining the link between body image and sexual pleasure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kendall Poovey
- Department of Psychology, Western Carolina University, 91 Killian Building Lane, Cullowhee, NC, 28723, USA
| | - David C de Jong
- Department of Psychology, Western Carolina University, 91 Killian Building Lane, Cullowhee, NC, 28723, USA.
| | - Kasey Morey
- Department of Psychology, Western Carolina University, 91 Killian Building Lane, Cullowhee, NC, 28723, USA
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3
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Ellakany P, Zuñiga RAA, El Tantawi M, Brown B, Aly NM, Ezechi O, Uzochukwu B, Abeldaño GF, Ara E, Ayanore MA, Gaffar B, Al-Khanati NM, Ishabiyi AO, Jafer M, Khan ATA, Khalid Z, Lawal FB, Lusher J, Nzimande NP, Osamika BE, Quadri MFA, Roque M, Shamala A, Al-Tammemi AB, Yousaf MA, Virtanen JI, Nguyen AL, Folayan MO. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on student' sleep patterns, sexual activity, screen use, and food intake: A global survey. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262617. [PMID: 35089943 PMCID: PMC8797200 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The education sector experienced substantial impacts during the COVID-19 pandemic resulting from worldwide restrictions. Purpose To examine differences in the sleep patterns, sexual activity, screen use, and food intake of students and non-students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods This was a global cross-sectional study conducted in the second half of 2020 using multiple social media platforms to recruit study participants globally. A close-ended questionnaire was administered anonymously in English, French, Spanish, Portuguese, and Arabic to adults ages 18 and older. The outcome variables considered in analyses were changes in sleep pattern, sexual activity, screen use, and food intake. The explanatory variable was student status categorized as students vs. non-student. T-test, chi-square, and Mann Whitney U tests were used to assess differences between student and non-student populations. One logistic regression model was built for each outcome variable. Country of residence and country income level were included in the adjusted models. Results There were 17,008 participants of which 3,793 (22.3%) were students. Of the total sample, 4,889 (28.7%) reported changes in sleep, 4,642 (31.8%) reported increases in sexual activity, 10,278 (70.7%) reported increases in screen use, and 5,662 (40.2%) reported increases in food intake during the pandemic. Compared to non-students, students had significantly higher odds of reporting changes in sleep (AOR = 1.52), increases in sexual activity (AOR = 1.79), and increases in screen use (AOR = 1.36) but lower odds of reporting increase in food intake (AOR = 0.87). Conclusion Students displayed higher risk of experiencing changes in sleep, sexual behavior, and screen use during the COVID-19 pandemic. This has the potential to lead to broader adverse effects on students’ overall wellbeing. The findings and implications raise further obligations on the education sector to put extra-curricular support systems in place that address COVID-19 related behavior changes that have the potential to adversely impact students’ wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Passent Ellakany
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
- * E-mail:
| | - Roberto Ariel Abeldaño Zuñiga
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Postgraduate Department, University of Sierra Sur, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Maha El Tantawi
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Brandon Brown
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Nourhan M. Aly
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Oliver Ezechi
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Department of Social Medicine, Population and Public Health, University of California, Riverside School of Medicine, Riverside, California, United States of America
| | - Benjamin Uzochukwu
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- University of Nigeria Nsukka, (UNN) Enugu Campus, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Giuliana Florencia Abeldaño
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- School of Medicine, University of Sierra Sur, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Eshrat Ara
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Government College for Women, Srinagar, Kashmir (J&K), India
| | - Martin Amogre Ayanore
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Department of Health Policy Planning and Management, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
| | - Balgis Gaffar
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nuraldeen Maher Al-Khanati
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Syrian Private University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Anthonia Omotola Ishabiyi
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Centre for Rural Health, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Mohammed Jafer
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Abeedha Tu-Allah Khan
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zumama Khalid
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- School of Biological Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Folake Barakat Lawal
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, University of Ibadan and University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Joanne Lusher
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Regent’s University London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ntombifuthi P. Nzimande
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Department of Economic and Human Geography, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Bamidele Emmanuel Osamika
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Department of Child Oral Health, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Mir Faeq Ali Quadri
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Dental Public Health, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mark Roque
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Maternity and Childhood Nursing Department, College of Nursing, Taibah University, Madinah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Anas Shamala
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Department of Preventive and Biomedical Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Science and Technology, Sanaa, Yemen
| | - Ala’a B. Al-Tammemi
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Muhammad Abrar Yousaf
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Institute of Zoology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Jorma I. Virtanen
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Annie Lu Nguyen
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Department of Family Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan
- Mental Health and Wellness Study Group, Oaxaca, Mexico
- Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
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Beckmeyer JJ, Herbenick D, Fu TC, Dodge B, Fortenberry JD. Pleasure During Adolescents' Most Recent Partnered Sexual Experience: Findings from a U.S. Probability Survey. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2021; 50:2423-2434. [PMID: 34373980 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-021-02026-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Compared to studies on sexually transmitted infections and pregnancy prevention, sexual pleasure has received limited attention in the adolescent sexual development literature. In the present study, we used data from 157 adolescents (66 females; 14 to 17 years old), with a partnered sexual experience in the past 12 months to explore adolescents' sexual pleasure. First, we examined adolescents' perceptions of pleasure during their most recent partnered sexual experience. We then used information about those sexual experiences to identify correlates of sexual pleasure. Adolescents' reports of sexual pleasure were mixed. Although 17.8% reported their sexual experience was extremely pleasurable and 36.5% reported it was quite pleasurable, 26.6% indicated moderate pleasure, 13.1% a little pleasure, and 3.3% reported no pleasure. Sexual pleasure was primarily associated with aspects of sexual experiences that reflected socioemotional intimacy and desire. Specifically, cuddling with partners, emotional intimacy, and wantedness were all associated with greater sexual pleasure. Additionally, adolescents found sex more pleasurable when it occurred with a friend, but less pleasurable when it involved genital rubbing. Most sexual behaviors, having experienced orgasm, and the situational context of sexual experiences were not associated with sexual pleasure. Thus, specific sexual behaviors and orgasm may have less impact on sexual pleasure than feelings of emotional intimacy and desire. The diversity of perceived sexual pleasure and its associations with intimacy and desire suggest that, during adolescence, partnered sexual experiences are not primarily motivated by anticipated physical pleasure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathon J Beckmeyer
- Department of Applied Health Science, Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA.
- Center for Sexual Health Promotion, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA.
- Department of Learning Sciences and Human Development, West Virginia University, 506 Allen Hall, 355 Oakland St, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA.
| | - Debby Herbenick
- Department of Applied Health Science, Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA
- Center for Sexual Health Promotion, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Tsung-Chieh Fu
- Department of Applied Health Science, Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA
- Center for Sexual Health Promotion, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Brian Dodge
- Department of Applied Health Science, Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA
- Center for Sexual Health Promotion, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
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Bode A, Kushnick G. Proximate and Ultimate Perspectives on Romantic Love. Front Psychol 2021; 12:573123. [PMID: 33912094 PMCID: PMC8074860 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.573123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Romantic love is a phenomenon of immense interest to the general public as well as to scholars in several disciplines. It is known to be present in almost all human societies and has been studied from a number of perspectives. In this integrative review, we bring together what is known about romantic love using Tinbergen’s “four questions” framework originating from evolutionary biology. Under the first question, related to mechanisms, we show that it is caused by social, psychological mate choice, genetic, neural, and endocrine mechanisms. The mechanisms regulating psychopathology, cognitive biases, and animal models provide further insights into the mechanisms that regulate romantic love. Under the second question, related to development, we show that romantic love exists across the human lifespan in both sexes. We summarize what is known about its development and the internal and external factors that influence it. We consider cross-cultural perspectives and raise the issue of evolutionary mismatch. Under the third question, related to function, we discuss the fitness-relevant benefits and costs of romantic love with reference to mate choice, courtship, sex, and pair-bonding. We outline three possible selective pressures and contend that romantic love is a suite of adaptions and by-products. Under the fourth question, related to phylogeny, we summarize theories of romantic love’s evolutionary history and show that romantic love probably evolved in concert with pair-bonds in our recent ancestors. We describe the mammalian antecedents to romantic love and the contribution of genes and culture to the expression of modern romantic love. We advance four potential scenarios for the evolution of romantic love. We conclude by summarizing what Tinbergen’s four questions tell us, highlighting outstanding questions as avenues of potential future research, and suggesting a novel ethologically informed working definition to accommodate the multi-faceted understanding of romantic love advanced in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Bode
- Human Behavioural Ecology Research Group, School of Archaeology and Anthropology, ANU College of Arts and Social Sciences, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Geoff Kushnick
- Human Behavioural Ecology Research Group, School of Archaeology and Anthropology, ANU College of Arts and Social Sciences, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
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Lowrey K, Altman C, Jungmeyer A. Targeted High-Risk Youth in Missouri PREP: Understanding Program Impacts on Youth Sexual Behavior Intentions. CHILD & YOUTH CARE FORUM 2020; 50:415-435. [PMID: 33994764 DOI: 10.1007/s10566-020-09580-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Missouri Personal Responsibility Education Program (PREP) provides sexual health education programs to youth with goals of reducing unintended teen pregnancies. Theories of change provide that youth improve their sexual health knowledge, intentions, attitudes, and behaviors as a result of program implementation. Program evaluations are needed to assess the degree to which PREP programs are meeting their goals of improving youth outcomes. Objective The purpose of this study is to examine youth sexual intentions to use a condom, engage in sexual behavior, and abstain from sex as a result of Missouri PREP program implementation. We evaluate the effectiveness of the Missouri program in modifying youth intentions toward healthier planned behaviors. Methods All programs required youth to take pre- and post-program surveys. For this study, we evaluate a sample of 1,335 youth's pre- and post-survey intentions related to condom use, sex, and abstention. We utilize t-tests as well as a lagged logistic regression approach to account for youth's respective pre-intentions. Results Youth's scores on intentions, knowledge, and attitudes rise from pre- to post-survey. Knowledge gains are salient while attitudes remain relatively high and stable. Intentions to use condoms differ from those in intentions to have or abstain from sex. Program change in intentions to use a condom are highest among the three intention outcomes. Conclusions Missouri PREP saw improvements in knowledge, attitudes, and intentions as a result of program implementation. Findings suggest that the Missouri PREP program is effective at positively influencing youth intentions to engage in risky or sexual behavior.
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Rosario M, Goodenow C, Ybarra M, Saewyc E, Prescott T. Reasons Lesbian and Bisexual Adolescent Girls Have or Might Have Sex with Females or Males: Implications for Discordance between Sexual Identity and Behaviors and for Prevention of Pregnancy and STIs. JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH 2020; 57:966-978. [PMID: 32425068 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2020.1753638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We examined reasons lesbian and bisexual adolescent girls have sex or, if sexually inexperienced, might have sex with girls or boys, and the role of internalized homonegativity in these relations and among lesbians. Girls were recruited online and classified as lesbian (n = 129) or bisexual (n = 193); the classification was validated. Love and pleasure were common reasons for having sex with girls, although more lesbian girls (LG) than bisexual girls (BG) endorsed love. BG, relative to LG, had sex with girls because they were curious or wanted to verify their sexual identity. Love and pleasure were motives for having sex with boys for BG. They were common reasons for potentially having sex with either sex among sexually inexperienced girls, but both were more likely for BG than LG for sex with boys. Internalized homonegativity did not mediate the relation between sexual identity and reasons for sex, but LG just with male partners were more homonegative than LG just with female partners. The findings indicate that LG and BG should not be combined into a single group, provide insights into the discordance between sexual identity and behaviors, and have implications for reducing risk for pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections among sexual minority girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Rosario
- Department of Psychology, The City University of New York-City College and Graduate Center
| | | | | | - Elizabeth Saewyc
- Stigma and Resilience among Vulnerable Youth Centre, School of Nursing, University of British Columbia
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Iseselo MK, Tarimo EAM, Sandstrom E, Kulane A. Sexual Behaviours and Practices before and after Phase I/II HIV Vaccine Trial: A Qualitative Study among Volunteers in Dar es Salaam Tanzania. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17197193. [PMID: 33019597 PMCID: PMC7579057 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17197193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
There is limited information about sexual behavior among volunteers who participated in phase I/II human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccine trial. This article describes the sexual behavior, practices before, and after participation in phase I/II HIV vaccine trial in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. We conducted a qualitative descriptive study involving volunteers who participated in the phase I/II vaccine trial between 2007 and 2010. Purposeful sampling was used to recruit potential informants. Twenty-four in-depth interviews were conducted. The audio-recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using a thematic content analysis approach. The findings revealed that before participation in the HIV vaccine trial, informants were engaging in unprotected multiple sexual relationships. After the completion of the HIV vaccine trial, informants reported strengthened marital relationships, increased understanding of safer sexual practices, and HIV testing. However, the informants reported challenges regarding vaccine-induced seropositivity that adversely affected their sexual and marital relationships. Some informants re-engaged in risky sexual practices because they perceived the experimental vaccine was protective. The informants suggested having continued interventions within the community to enhance safer sexual practices. Participation in phase I/II HIV vaccine trials may positively and negatively influence changes in volunteers' sexual behaviors and practices. The trial interventions appear to improve compliance with safer sexual practices. However, the reported vaccine-induced seropositivity and the perception that experimental vaccines are protective need further appropriate interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masunga K. Iseselo
- Department of Clinical Nursing, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam P.O. Box 65001, Tanzania
- Department of Nursing Management, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam P.O. Box 65001, Tanzania;
- Equity and Health Policy Research Group, Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Tomtebodavägen 18A, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +25-57-8605-9291
| | - Edith A. M. Tarimo
- Department of Nursing Management, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam P.O. Box 65001, Tanzania;
| | - Eric Sandstrom
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Tomtebodavägen 18A, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Asli Kulane
- Equity and Health Policy Research Group, Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Tomtebodavägen 18A, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden;
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Vafai Y, Thoma ME, Steinberg JR. Association Between First Depressive Episode in the Same Year as Sexual Debut and Teenage Pregnancy. J Adolesc Health 2020; 67:239-244. [PMID: 32268997 PMCID: PMC7934530 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to examine whether the timing of depression onset relative to age at sexual debut is associated with teenage pregnancy. METHODS Using data from 1,025 adolescent girls who reported having had sex in the National Comorbidity Survey-Adolescent Supplement, we applied cox proportional hazards models to test whether depression onset before first sex, at the same age as first sex, or after first sex compared with no depression onset was associated with experiencing a first teenage pregnancy. We examined the unadjusted risk by depression status as well as risk adjusted for adolescents' race/ethnicity, marital status, poverty level, whether the adolescent lived in a metropolitan area, living status, age at first sex, parental education, and age of mother when the adolescent was born. RESULTS In both unadjusted and adjusted models, we found that adolescents with depression onset at the same age as having initiated sex were at an increased risk of experiencing a teenage pregnancy (unadjusted hazard ratio [HR] = 2.5, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.08-5.96; adjusted HR = 2.7, 95% CI: 1.15-6.34) compared with those with no depression onset. Moreover, compared with those with no depression onset, the risk of pregnancy for girls experiencing depression onset before first sex also increased but was not significant (adjusted HR = 1.5, 95% CI: .82-2.76). CONCLUSIONS Timing of first depressive episode relative to age at first sexual intercourse plays a critical role in determining the risk of teenage pregnancy. Timely diagnosis and treatment of depression may not only help adolescents' mental well-being but may also help them prevent teenage pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yassaman Vafai
- Maternal and Child Health Program, Department of Family Science, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, Maryland.
| | - Marie E. Thoma
- Maternal and Child Health Program; Department of Family Science; University of Maryland School of Public Health; College Park, MD, U.S.A
| | - Julia R. Steinberg
- Maternal and Child Health Program; Department of Family Science; University of Maryland School of Public Health; College Park, MD, U.S.A
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Meidayanti I, Abdullah T, Bustan N, mallongi A. The relationship between self efficacy and premarital sexual behavior among high school student in Makassar city. ENFERMERIA CLINICA 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enfcli.2019.10.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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11
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Jadwin-Cakmak L, Reisner SL, Hughto JMW, Salomon L, Martinez M, Popoff E, Rivera BA, Harper GW. HIV prevention and HIV care among transgender and gender diverse youth: design and implementation of a multisite mixed-methods study protocol in the U.S. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:1531. [PMID: 31730450 PMCID: PMC6858737 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7605-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the U.S., transgender and gender diverse (TGD) populations face structural, interpersonal, and individual barriers to healthcare. Less is known, however, about the HIV prevention and treatment experiences of TGD youth in the U.S. The current study was developed to fill this research gap. METHODS This article describes the research protocol for a multi-site, U.S.-based mixed-methods study that sought to identify the multi-level facilitators and barriers that influence participation of TGD youth in various stages of the HIV prevention (e.g., pre-exposure prophylaxis uptake) and care continua. A sample of diverse TGD youth ages 16-24 was recruited from 14 U.S. sites. TGD youth participants completed a one-time, in-person visit that included an informed consent process, computer-based quantitative survey, and in-depth qualitative interview assessing experiences accessing HIV prevention and/or care services. Providers serving TGD youth were recruited from the same 14 sites and completed a one-time visit via phone that included informed consent, demographic questionnaire, and in-depth qualitative interview assessing their experiences providing HIV prevention or treatment services to TGD youth. RESULTS Overall, 186 TGD youth ages 16-24 and 59 providers serving TGD youth were recruited and enrolled from across the 14 U.S. sites. TGD youth participants had a mean age of 20.69; 77.3% youth of color; 59.7% trans-feminine; 15.5% trans-masculine; 24.9% non-binary; 53.6% family income under poverty level. Providers included medical and mental health providers as well as case manager/care coordinators, HIV test counselors, and health educators/outreach workers. Providers were 81.3% cisgender and 30.5% people of color. Successes with community-engagement strategies and gender-affirming research methods are reported. CONCLUSIONS This study addresses critical gaps in current knowledge about the HIV prevention and care experiences of TGD youth. Findings have implications for the development of HIV interventions across levels to support the health and well-being of TGD youth. Future research is warranted to replicate and expand on lessons learned regarding recruitment and engagement of communities of TGD youth, including longitudinal designs to assess engagement across their developmental stages. Lessons learned working with TGD youth through developing and implementing the study protocol are shared. TRIAL REGISTRATION Registered on ClinicalTrials.gov on 05/20/2015 (NCT02449629).
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Jadwin-Cakmak
- Department of Health Behavior & Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
| | - Sari L Reisner
- Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,The Fenway Institute, Fenway Health, 1340 Boylston Street, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Jaclyn M W Hughto
- The Fenway Institute, Fenway Health, 1340 Boylston Street, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.,Departments of Epidemiology and Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, 121 South Main Street, Providence, RI, 02912, USA.,Center for Health Equity Research, Brown University School of Public Health, 121 South Main Street, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Liz Salomon
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Miguel Martinez
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Center for Transyouth Health and Development, 4650 Sunset Blvd, MS#2, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA
| | - Elliot Popoff
- Department of Health Behavior & Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Bré Anne Rivera
- Trans Sistas of Color Project, 77 Victor Street, Highland Park, MI, 48203, USA
| | - Gary W Harper
- Department of Health Behavior & Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
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12
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Wesche R, Walsh JL, Shepardson RL, Carey KB, Carey MP. The Association Between Sexual Behavior and Affect: Moderating Factors in Young Women. JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH 2019; 56:1058-1069. [PMID: 30507324 PMCID: PMC6546558 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2018.1542657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Sexual behavior is associated with increased positive affect and decreased negative affect. However, contextual variables such as partner type, behavior type, and condom use may moderate these associations. The goal of the present research was to examine these contextual moderators using monthly longitudinal data from a sample of young women. Female first-year college students (N = 477) completed monthly assessments of their sexual behaviors and positive and negative affect. Participants reported more negative affect in months in which they engaged in sexual behavior compared to months in which they did not. This association was moderated by partner type, such that only sexual behavior with casual partners was associated with increased negative affect. Participants reported more positive affect during months with kissing/touching only compared to months without sexual behavior; however, this association did not differ significantly from the association between oral/vaginal sex and positive affect. Condom use did not moderate the association between vaginal sex and positive or negative affect. In this sample of young women transitioning to college, engaging in sexual behavior was generally associated with negative affect; however, changes in affect depended on partner type and sexual behaviors. Findings have implications for sexual health education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose Wesche
- Center for AIDS Intervention Research, Medical College of Wisconsin
| | - Jennifer L Walsh
- Center for AIDS Intervention Research, Medical College of Wisconsin
| | | | - Kate B Carey
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University; and Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health
| | - Michael P Carey
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health; Centers for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine, The Miriam Hospital; and Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University
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Felsher M, Wiehe SE, Gunn JKL, Roth AM. 'I Got it off my Chest': An Examination of how Research Participation Improved the Mental Health of Women Engaging in Transactional Sex. Community Ment Health J 2018; 54:171-179. [PMID: 28155031 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-017-0094-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Ecologic momentary assessment (EMA) is a form of close-ended diary writing. While it has been shown that participating in a study that incorporates EMA improves mental health of participants, no study to date has examined the pathways through which benefits may occur. For 4-weeks, twice-daily EMAs and weekly interviews captured mood, daily activities and HIV risk behavior of 25 women who engage in transactional sex. Qualitative analysis of exit interviews was performed to examine how participation impacted women's mental health. The majority of participants felt that EMAs heightened awareness of emotions and behavior. Most reported experiencing catharsis from the interviews; specifically, from having a non-judgmental, trusting listener. Participants felt responsible for completing tasks, a sense of accomplishment for completing the study, and altruism. This study demonstrates there are direct benefits associated with participation in an EMA and interview study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa Felsher
- Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, 3215 Market St., Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Sarah E Wiehe
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indiana University, 340 W 10th St. #6200, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jayleen K L Gunn
- Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, 1295 N Martin Ave., Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Alexis M Roth
- Dornsife School of Public Health, Drexel University, 3215 Market St., Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
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14
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Moving Beyond Age: An Exploratory Qualitative Study on the Context of Young African American Men and Women's Sexual Debut. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2017; 5:261-270. [PMID: 28444628 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-017-0366-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
African American youth continue to be disproportionately affected by HIV. Early sexual debut has been identified as a major determinant of HIV risk. However, emerging research suggests that the overarching context in which first sex occurs may have greater implications for sexual health than simply age alone. The purpose of this exploratory, qualitative study was to better understand the broader context of African Americans' sexual debut. In-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 African American men and women aged 18-24 years. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data. The mean age at sexual debut for the sample was 15.4 (SD = 3.3), and youth framed their sexual debut as positive (50%), negative (30%), and both positive and negative (20%). The majority of youth initiated pre-sex conversations with their partners to gauge potential interest in engaging in sexual activity, and all youth utilized at least one HIV/sexually transmitted infection and pregnancy prevention method. However, most youth failed to talk to their partners prior to sex about their past sexual histories and what the experience meant for their relationship. Key differences emerged between youth who framed the experience as positive and those who framed the experience as negative or both positive and negative in terms of their motivations for initiating sex (i.e., readiness to initiate sex, pressure, and emotionally safety) and post-sex emotions (i.e., remorse and contentment). Findings provide further support for examining the broader sexual context of African American's sexual debut. A more comprehensive understanding of sexual debut will aid in the development and tailoring of sexual risk reduction programs targeting African American youth.
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Shrier LA, Blood EA. Momentary Desire for Sexual Intercourse and Momentary Emotional Intimacy Associated With Perceived Relationship Quality and Physical Intimacy in Heterosexual Emerging Adult Couples. JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH 2016; 53:968-978. [PMID: 26606678 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2015.1092104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Sexual desire and emotional intimacy are central to relationships, yet little is known about how these feelings vary within and between partners or relate to dyad functioning. We explored magnitude and stability of momentary sexual desire and emotional intimacy in relation to quality and functioning of heterosexual relationships. After reporting perceived relationship quality and physical intimacy enjoyment, members of 18 emerging adult heterosexual couples reported momentary partner-specific sexual desire and emotional intimacy several times a day for two weeks (2,224 reports). Mean and mean squared successive difference (MSSD) characterized magnitude and stability, respectively, of the momentary states. Regression models of relationship outcomes examined influence of the male versus female partner having greater or more stable desire and intimacy. Sexual desire and emotional intimacy magnitude and stability were associated with relationship quality and physical intimacy enjoyment differently for men versus women. Gender-specific differences between partners also predicted relationship outcomes. Men particularly perceived higher relationship quality and enjoyed physical intimacy more when they had higher and more stable sexual desire and their female partners had more stable emotional intimacy. Partner differences in momentary sexual desire and emotional intimacy may contribute to understanding quality and functioning of heterosexual relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia A Shrier
- a Division of Adolescent/Young Adult Medicine , Boston Children's Hospital
- b Department of Pediatrics , Harvard Medical School
| | - Emily A Blood
- b Department of Pediatrics , Harvard Medical School
- c Clinical Research Center , Boston Children's Hospital
- d Department of Community and Family Medicine , Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth
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16
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Ellis WL. Risky sexual behaviors among sexually active first-year students matriculating at a historically Black college: Is a positive self-image an instigator? SOCIAL WORK IN HEALTH CARE 2016; 55:125-143. [PMID: 26865429 DOI: 10.1080/00981389.2015.1108949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A sample of 498 sexually active first-year students matriculating at a historically Black college in North Carolina was used to determine correlates of risky sexual behaviors. In an Ordinary Least Squares regression, the self-esteem element "I take a positive attitude toward myself" (B = 1.12, p = .05), non-condom use because of partner issues (B = .53, p = .05) and being drunk or high (B = 1.20, p = .001), oral sex (B = 1.74, p = .001), anal sex (B = .61, p = .04), and bisexuality (B = .85, p = .03) all increased the number of these behaviors. Higher scores on the condom usage scale (B = -.38, p = .002) were found to decrease the number of risky sexual behaviors. Illicit drug use was an underpinning of the surprisingly positive relationship between positive self-image and risky sexual behaviors. It was concluded that school-based social workers, mental health care professionals, and community-based prevention providers can play a critical role in the training of peer facilitators, development, and supervision of peer-driven risk-reduction programs to address the complex interplay among self-esteem, sex, and substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter L Ellis
- a Social Work Program , Livingstone College , Salisbury , North Carolina , USA
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17
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DuBois LZ, Macapagal KR, Rivera Z, Prescott T, Ybarra M, Mustanski B. To have sex or not to have sex? An online focus group study of sexual decision making among sexually experienced and inexperienced gay and bisexual adolescent men. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2015; 44:2027-40. [PMID: 25925896 PMCID: PMC4561008 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-015-0521-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2014] [Revised: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Adolescent gay and bisexual men (AGBM) are at disproportionately high risk for HIV and other sexually transmitted infections, yet healthy sexuality and HIV prevention programs grounded in experiences unique to AGBM (e.g., coming out) are lacking, as is the formative work necessary to inform such programs. A richer understanding of factors informing AGBM's decisions to have or not have sex is needed. To fill this gap in the literature, we conducted qualitative and mixed-methods analyses of data collected in online focus groups with 75 ethnically diverse 14-18-year-old AGBM across the United States. Findings suggest that many reasons why AGBM choose to have or abstain from sex mirror those noted in the previous literature as influential for heterosexual adolescents (e.g., temptation, "horniness"). AGBM conveyed additional experiences/concerns that appeared unique to their sexual identity, particularly fears about pain during anal sex, and difficulties safely and accurately identifying same-sex partners. Both sexually experienced and inexperienced youth voiced reasons to wait or stop having sex. Sexually inexperienced youth said their motivations centered on wanting to avoid STIs and HIV, a desire to wait for the right partner, and the specialness of sex. On the other hand, sexually experienced AGBM said they stopped having sex if there was not an available partner they had interest in, or to improve their romantic relationship. Thus, while our findings suggest that there may be common factors across sexual identities that impact youth's sexual decision making, healthy sexuality programs for AGBM also need to address issues specific to being gay and bisexual.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zenaida Rivera
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Tonya Prescott
- Center for Innovative Public Health Research, San Clemente, CA
| | - Michele Ybarra
- Center for Innovative Public Health Research, San Clemente, CA
| | - Brian Mustanski
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
- To whom correspondence should be addressed at Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 625 N. Michigan Ave., Suite 2700, Chicago, IL 60611; phone: 312-503-5421; fax: 312-503-4800;
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18
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Morrison-Beedy D, Xia Y, Passmore D. Sexual risk factors for partner age discordance in adolescent girls and their male partners. J Clin Nurs 2015; 22:3289-99. [PMID: 24580784 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.12408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To investigate differences in sexual risk factors between adolescent girls reporting similar-aged or older sex partners. BACKGROUND Adolescent girls are at significant risk of heterosexual-acquired HIV infection and other long-term reproductive health issues. Sexual partner age discordance in teen girls has been correlated with STIs, lack of protection, multiple partners and earlier age of sexual transition. DESIGN A descriptive study comparing girls currently involved with age-discordant partners to those with similar-aged partners. Two-sample t-test for continuous variables and chi-squared test or Fisher's exact test for categorical variables were used to compare groups. METHODS Baseline data from 738 sexually active, urban, adolescent girls aged 15-19 were analysed to determine which behaviours were more likely to occur in girls with older partners. Data were collected as part of a gender-specific HIV-prevention intervention in a randomised controlled trial (RCT) tailored to adolescent girls. RESULTS Multiple reported sexual risk behaviours were found to significantly differ between the two groups at baseline. Overall, girls with older partners had more episodes of sexual instances (vaginal, anal and oral). Specific sexual risk behaviours were found to be statistically significant between the two groups. Girls with older partners started having sex at earlier ages, had more lifetime sexual partners, higher incidents of STIs and were reluctant to discuss using condoms with their partners. Girls with similar-aged partners were less willing to engage in risky sexual behaviours. CONCLUSIONS Findings from this investigation support data from other studies. Relationships with older male partners place adolescent girls at increased risk of HIV/STIs and unintended pregnancy. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Adolescent girls in age-discordant relationships are at risk of immediate and long-term sexual health morbidities. Identifying girls who are at increased risk by asking tailored questions will enable nurses to recommend appropriate diagnostics for this population and provide age-specific counselling.
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19
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Miron LR, Orcutt HK. Pathways from childhood abuse to prospective revictimization: depression, sex to reduce negative affect, and forecasted sexual behavior. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2014; 38:1848-59. [PMID: 25455965 PMCID: PMC4254559 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2014.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Revised: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Research suggests that adverse events in childhood, such as childhood physical, sexual, and emotional abuse, confer risk for later sexual assault. Psychological distress, coping strategies, and sexual behavior may help explain the path from childhood abuse to revictimization. The present study explored how the use of sex to regulate negative affect (SRNA) operates independently, and in combination with other psychosocial factors to increase college women's (N=541) risk of experiencing prospective adult sexual assault (ASA). Sequential multiple mediator models in Mplus were used to assess the effect of three different forms of childhood abuse on prospective ASA, both independently and while controlling for other forms of childhood abuse. The indirect effect of adolescent sexual assault (AdolSA), depressive symptoms, SRNA, and participants' response to a sex-related vignette was tested using bias-corrected bootstrapping. In the full path model, childhood emotional abuse and AdolSA predicted ASA, while childhood physical and sexual abuse were directly associated with AdolSA, but not ASA. Additionally, depressive symptoms and participants' estimate of their likely behavior in a sex-related vignette directly predicted prospective ASA. Results using bootstrapping revealed that a history of childhood abuse predicted prospective ASA via diverse direct and indirect paths, as well as through a similar multiple mediator path. Overall, findings suggest that a combination of affective, coping, and sexual expectancy factors contribute to risk for revictimization in adult survivors of childhood abuse. Future research directions and targets for risk-reduction programming are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynsey R Miron
- Department of Psychology, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA
| | - Holly K Orcutt
- Department of Psychology, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA
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20
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Adolescents' emotions prior to sexual activity and associations with sexual risk factors. AIDS Behav 2014; 18:1615-23. [PMID: 24558097 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-014-0716-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The present study examined the link between the emotional context of sexual situations and sexual risk, specifically by examining the relationship of teens' recall of their affective states prior to sex with their sexual risk behaviors and attitudes. Adolescents (ages 13-19) attending therapeutic schools due to emotional and behavioral difficulties (n = 247) completed audio computer-assisted self-interviews regarding sexual behavior, including ratings of their emotions prior to last sexual activity. Positive emotions were most commonly endorsed (43-57 % of participants), however, significant proportions (8-23 %) also endorsed negative emotions prior to last sex. Both positive and negative emotions were significantly related to risk attitudes and behavior in regression analyses. The affective contexts of sexual experiences may be important predictors of risk in adolescence.
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21
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Kenney SR, Lac A, Hummer JF, LaBrie JW. Development and validation of the Hookup Motives Questionnaire (HMQ). Psychol Assess 2014; 26:1127-37. [PMID: 24932650 DOI: 10.1037/a0037131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Despite the high prevalence rates and growing research on hooking up among college students, no multidimensional inventory exists in the literature to assess motivations for hooking up. In the current study, we report on the development and validation of the Hookup Motives Questionnaire (HMQ), designed to assess the various reasons for hooking up. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted using 2 samples of college students (Campus 1, N = 401; Campus 2, N = 367). Exploratory factor analysis was undertaken to explore the psychometric properties of an initial set of 25 items, and confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to evaluate additional properties of the factor structure. The final factor structure of the HMQ contained 19 items that tapped 5 subscales representing social-sexual, social-relationship, enhancement, coping, and conformity motives. Results demonstrated good internal consistency and discriminant validity for the subscales. Moreover, criterion-related validity was satisfied by showing that HMQ subscales significantly correlated with hookup approval and behavior. Gender differences on the measures were found. The inventory offers considerable potential as a psychometrically sound instrument that may be administered to understand reasons for engaging in potentially risky hookup behaviors and used to inform the design of sexual health programs and interventions targeting young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon R Kenney
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health
| | - Andrew Lac
- Department of Psychology, Claremont Graduate University
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22
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Armstrong HL, Reissing ED. Factor reliability analyses of the YSEX? in a sample of women with same-sex attraction. SEXUAL AND RELATIONSHIP THERAPY 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/14681994.2014.920084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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23
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Sexual Motivations and Ideals Distinguish Sexual Identities within the Self-Concept: A Multidimensional Scaling Analysis. SOCIAL SCIENCES 2014. [DOI: 10.3390/socsci3020215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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24
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Moilanen KL. Predictors of latent growth in sexual risk taking in late adolescence and early adulthood. JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH 2013; 52:83-97. [PMID: 24256549 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2013.826167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The goals of this study were to examine latent growth in a composite index of sexual risk taking (defined in terms of number of sexual partners and condom nonuse) on five occasions between ages 14-15 and 22-23 years, and to identify associations between latent growth parameters and covariates. As part of the Children of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth-1979 (CNLSY-79), 740 adolescents provided data at two-year intervals between 1994 and 2004. Latent growth models revealed quadratic growth in youths' sexual risk taking. High initial levels of risk were attributable to early adolescent family structure, the expectation of teenage parenthood, early autonomy from parents, young age at dating initiation, and delinquency. Linear and quadratic growth terms were explained by early adolescent family structure, perceived academic competence, substance use, and delinquency. These associations persisted when time-varying covariates of other contraceptive use and relationship status were modeled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin L Moilanen
- a Department of Technology, Learning, and Culture , West Virginia University
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25
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Seehuus M, Rellini AH. Gender differences in the relationship between sexual satisfaction and propensity for risky sexual behavior. SEXUAL AND RELATIONSHIP THERAPY 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/14681994.2013.791748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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26
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Mehta CM, Walls C, Blood EA, Shrier LA. Associations between affect, context, and sexual desire in depressed young women. JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH 2013; 51:577-585. [PMID: 23631748 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2012.753026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We investigated associations of sexual desire with time of day, physical and social context, and positive and negative affect using momentary sampling in 44 depressed young women (mean age = 18). Analyses revealed that depressed young women experienced sexual desire when with their boyfriends and later in the evening. Sexual desire was also positively associated with positive affect. Sexual desire was not associated with negative affect or physical context. This research suggests that sexual desire is experienced by depressed young women in normative developmental social contexts. Our findings may help clinicians and sexual health educators in correcting the myth that depressed women do not have sexual desire.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare M Mehta
- a Division of Adolescent/Young Adult Medicine , Children's Hospital Boston
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Willoughby BJ, Carroll JS, Busby DM. Differing relationship outcomes when sex happens before, on, or after first dates. JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH 2012; 51:52-61. [PMID: 23121225 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2012.714012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
While recent studies have suggested that the timing of sexual initiation within a couple's romantic relationship has important associations with later relationship success, few studies have examined how such timing is associated with relationship quality among unmarried couples. Using a sample of 10,932 individuals in unmarried, romantic relationships, we examined how four sexual-timing patterns (i.e., having sex prior to dating, initiating sex on the first date or shortly after, having sex after a few weeks of dating, and sexual abstinence) were associated with relationship satisfaction, stability, and communication in dating relationships. Results suggested that waiting to initiate sexual intimacy in unmarried relationships was generally associated with positive outcomes. This effect was strongly moderated by relationship length, with individuals who reported early sexual initiation reporting increasingly lower outcomes in relationships of longer than two years.
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Curtis Y, Eddy L, Ashdown BK, Feder H, Lower T. Prelude to a coitus: Sexual initiation cues among heterosexual married couples. SEXUAL AND RELATIONSHIP THERAPY 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/14681994.2012.734604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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29
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Shrier LA, Feldman HA, Black SK, Walls C, Kendall AD, Lops C, Beardslee WR. Momentary affective states surrounding sexual intercourse in depressed adolescents and young adults. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2012; 41:1161-1171. [PMID: 21755382 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-011-9787-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2010] [Revised: 05/12/2011] [Accepted: 05/12/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Depressed young people may have sexual intercourse (sex) to regulate their disordered affective states. This study sought to determine how momentary positive and negative affect relate to subsequent sex events in depressed adolescents and young adults. Fifty-four outpatients (87% female) 15-22 years who reported clinically significant depressive symptoms and having sex at least once a week completed a baseline survey, then reported momentary affective states and the occurrence of sex events on a handheld computer in response to 4-6 random signals per day for 2 weeks. Participants identified 387 unique sex events (median, 3.5/participant/week) on 3,159 reports (median, signal response rate 80%). Most (86-96%) reported low burden of participation on questions asked at study completion. Similar to what has been reported in non-depressed young people, momentary positive and negative affect were both improved beginning approximately 6 h before until approximately 6 h after a sex event. Positive affect was lower in the 24 h before this pericoital period, compared to other times. Negative affect did not significantly differ between before the pericoital period and other times. The findings suggest that depressed youth may have sex to regulate their positive affect and have implications for provision of their mental and physical health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia A Shrier
- Division of Adolescent/Young Adult Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Nothing as Practical as a Good Theory? The Theoretical Basis of HIV Prevention Interventions for Young People in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review. AIDS Res Treat 2012; 2012:345327. [PMID: 22900155 PMCID: PMC3415137 DOI: 10.1155/2012/345327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2012] [Revised: 04/26/2012] [Accepted: 05/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper assesses the extent to which HIV prevention interventions for young people in sub-Saharan Africa are grounded in theory and if theory-based interventions are more effective. Three databases were searched for evaluation studies of HIV prevention interventions for youth. Additional articles were identified on websites of international organisations and through searching references. 34 interventions were included; 25 mentioned the use of theory. Social Cognitive Theory was most prominent (n = 13), followed by Health Belief Model (n = 7), and Theory of Reasoned Action/Planned Behaviour (n = 6). These cognitive behavioural theories assume that cognitions drive sexual behaviour. Reporting on choice and use of theory was low. Only three articles provided information about why a particular theory was selected. Interventions used theory to inform content (n = 13), for evaluation purposes (n = 4) or both (n = 7). No patterns of differential effectiveness could be detected between studies using and not using theory, or according to whether a theory informed content, and/or evaluation. We discuss characteristics of the theories that might account for the limited effectiveness observed, including overreliance on cognitions that likely vary according to type of sexual behaviour and other personal factors, inadequately address interpersonal factors, and failure to account for contextual factors.
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Sunner LE, Walls C, Blood EA, Mehta CM, Shrier LA. Feasibility and utility of momentary sampling of sex events in young couples. JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH 2012; 50:688-696. [PMID: 22823546 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2012.674574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Research on couples' sexual behaviors is limited because most studies collect data from only one person, rely on retrospective recall, and lack ecological validity. This study explored the feasibility of using momentary sampling (MS) methods to collect sex event data from both members of heterosexual young adult couples. Over two weeks, 40 participants (20 couples) were asked to use a handheld computer to respond to random auditory signals each day and self-initiate a report as soon as possible after sex. Couples were randomized into two groups: (a) both partners reported after sex events, or (b) one partner reported after sex events during Week 1 and the other during Week 2 (randomized by gender). Descriptive statistics examined protocol compliance, partner agreement on whether an event occurred, condom use, and reason for sex, as well as partner involvement in reporting, comfort with reporting after sex, and study burden. Results indicated that couples were willing and able to adhere to the protocol. Partners agreed on condom use for nearly all sex events, but frequently reported different reasons for sex events. The use of MS methods to collect information about sex events within couples is a promising approach to the study of sexual behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa E Sunner
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Statistical Center for HIV/AIDS Research and Prevention, USA
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Fava NM, Bay-Cheng LY. Young women's adolescent experiences of oral sex: relation of age of initiation to sexual motivation, sexual coercion, and psychological functioning. J Adolesc 2012; 35:1191-201. [PMID: 22546273 DOI: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2012.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2010] [Revised: 12/21/2011] [Accepted: 03/22/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Research examining oral sex during adolescence tends to investigate only potential negative consequences without considering its place in sexual development or distinctions between cunnilingus and fellatio. Using retrospective reports from 418 undergraduate women, we examined the relations among young women's ages of initiation of both cunnilingus and fellatio and sexual motives, experiences of sexual coercion, and indicators of psychological functioning. Age at cunnilingus initiation was unrelated to sexual coercion or psychological functioning; however it was related to engaging in sex for personal stimulation and gratification (personal drive motive) and to feel agentic, assertive, and skillful (power motive). Age at fellatio initiation was related to feelings of inferiority compared to others and a devaluing of the self (interpersonal sensitivity). Findings challenge the unilateral assumption that all adolescent sexual activity is negative and indicate the need for future research distinguishing between cunnilingus and fellatio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M Fava
- School of Social Work, University at Buffalo, 685 Baldy Hall, Buffalo, NY 14260-1050, USA.
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Schwartz SJ, Waterman AS, Vazsonyi AT, Zamboanga BL, Whitbourne SK, Weisskirch RS, Vernon M, Caraway SJ, Kim SY, Forthun LF, Donnellan MB, Ham LS. The Association of Well-Being with Health Risk Behaviors in College-Attending Young Adults. APPLIED DEVELOPMENTAL SCIENCE 2011; 15:20-36. [PMID: 33707936 PMCID: PMC7946159 DOI: 10.1080/10888691.2011.538617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the associations of well-being with engagement in illicit drug use, sexual risk taking, and impaired driving in a sample of 9,515 students from 30 U.S. colleges and universities. Participants completed measures of subjective well-being, psychological well-being, and eudaimonic well-being, and indicated how many times in the past 30 days that they had engaged in several illicit drug use, sexual risk, and impaired driving behaviors. Findings indicated that well-being was negatively associated with incidence of illicit drug use and some sexual risk behaviors, but not with incidence of drunk/drugged driving or riding with an impaired driver. Well-being was negatively related to frequency of casual sex, sex while drunk/high, drunk/drugged driving, and riding with an impaired driver. Associations of well-being were strongest for more dangerous types of drug use and sexual behavior and for riding with an impaired driver. Results are discussed in terms of implications for research and intervention development.
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