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Algurén B, Tang Y, Pelletier C, Naylor PJ, Faulkner G. Biopsychosocial and Environmental Correlates of Children's Motor Competence: An Exploratory Study. SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2024; 10:90. [PMID: 39183225 PMCID: PMC11345348 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-024-00763-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the significance of motor competence (MC) for healthy development and as a cornerstone for lifelong physical activity (PA), it is crucial to understand the manifold factors that are associated with MC. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate correlates of children's MC and their fundamental movement skills (FMS) within their daily life from a comprehensive biopsychosocial-ecological perspective. METHODS This is a cross-sectional sub-study of the 'Physical Literacy for Communities (PL4C)' WAVES cohort study conducted in the West Vancouver School District, Canada. Motor competence was assessed using the PLAYfun tool including overall MC score and five FMS category scores, namely, running, locomotor skills, upper and lower body control and balance skills. By means of structural equation modeling (SEM), direct associationswith MC and with the specific FMS categories addressing physical activity behavior, self-perceived physical literacy, parenting, and school ground design were investigated. RESULTS A total of 355 children with a mean age of 7.5 years and 111.1 min of MVPA per day participated. The group comprised 51% boys and 47% girls from 14 elementary schools. Most children were at an emerging MC-level (71%), while those at a competent MC-level exhibited significantly more daily minutes of MVPA (123 versus 109, p = 0.001). Additionally, they played outdoors more frequently and engaged in more instructor-led PA. The results revealed that logistical support from parents had not only a direct positive association with overall MC, both for girls and boys, but also with most of the FMS categories. However, the correlates of MC varied between genders and showed different patterns across the five FMS categories. While time spent in sports or coach-/instructor-led physical activities had a significant SEM generated direct effect only for boys' MC and for locomotor, upper body object control and balance, the aesthetic design of the school grounds was only associated with girls' MC and those same three FMS categories. Multivariate SEM could explain 26% of variance for girls' MC and 30% for boys'. CONCLUSIONS This exploratory baseline assessment revealed parental logistical support as an important correlate of MC, irrespective of gender. There were distinct gender patterns across biopsychosocial-ecological correlates influencing MC and FMS. Despite the heterogeneity of the results, our findings indicate a potential role of school ground design in supporting the development of children's MC, especially for girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrix Algurén
- Department of Food and Nutrition, and Sport Science, Faculty of Education, University of Gothenburg, Gothenborg, Sweden.
| | - Yiling Tang
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Education, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Chelsea Pelletier
- School of Health Sciences, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, Canada
| | - Patti-Jean Naylor
- School of Exercise Science, Physical and Health Education, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Guy Faulkner
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Education, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Graham JD, Babij S, Bedard C, Bremer E, Powell A, Arbour-Nicitopoulos KP, Kwan MYW, Cairney J. An Evaluation of the Sharing Dance Public School Program on Physical Literacy. J Dance Med Sci 2024:1089313X241254142. [PMID: 38825978 DOI: 10.1177/1089313x241254142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Introduction: Physical literacy (PL) is a multidimensional concept that includes the domains of movement competence, positive affect, social participation, and the confidence, motivation, and knowledge and understanding necessary for regular engagement in physical activity. The Sharing Dance Public School Program was created by Canada's National Ballet School specifically designed to promote PL through dance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the program to improve PL in grade 4 to 6 children over the course of a school year. Methods: Children were initially recruited from two schools including an intervention and a control school. However, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, data collection was prematurely terminated which resulted in baseline and mid-point data from the intervention group only. As such, participants included 57 children (n = 28 females, Mage = 10.34 ± 0.85 years) that engaged in the dance program once per week for 50 minutes. Assessments of PL included a direct measure of movement competence (PLAYfun) and a self-report measure (survey) to assess the other domains of PL. Results: Significant improvements were found in movement competence. However, significant decreases were found for fun and enjoyment, confidence, and social participation. No changes were observed for knowledge and understanding or overall PL. Conclusions: Findings from the present study are encouraging as they provide initial evidence for the support of community-based PL programs, such as the Sharing Dance Public School Program, to help children develop their movement competence. Future research is needed to further evaluate the effectiveness of the Sharing Dance Public School Program over a school year, and when compared to a control group, as was initially intended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey D Graham
- Child and Youth Studies, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| | - Stephanie Babij
- Facutly of Kinesiology & Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Chloe Bedard
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Emily Bremer
- School of Kinesiology, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS, Canada
| | | | | | - Matthew Y W Kwan
- Child and Youth Studies, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| | - John Cairney
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Health and Well-Being Centre for Research Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Wu Y, Wang X, Wang H, Wang L, Tian Y, Ji Z, Wang L. Validation of the PL-C Quest in China: understanding the pictorial physical literacy self-report scale. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1328549. [PMID: 38515980 PMCID: PMC10956100 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1328549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The notion of physical literacy is gaining interest from several countries as a potential mechanism for understanding the development of the physical self. This research endeavor represents an inaugural attempt to translate the Australian Physical Literacy Questionnaire for Children (PL-C Quest) into Chinese to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the PL-C Quest to assess physical literacy among children in mainland China. Methods The Beaton translation paradigm was used to carry out language translation, back-translation, cultural adaptation, and presurveys. Data were collected from 642 children aged 6-12 years, with a mean age of 9.71 years (SD 1.816), to test the reliability of the Chinese version of the PL-C Quest. Results The PL-C Quest items translated well (6.187 ~ 15.499) and correlated well (0.441 ~ 0.622). The Chinese version of the PL-C Quest had good reliability, with retest reliability values ranging from 0.91 to 0.74, Cronbach's alpha from 0.65 to 0.894, and McDonald's ω from the Spearman-Brown Coefficient was 0.84. The validity results are acceptable because the CFI, IFI, and TLI values are above 0.8 and close to 0.9, but the model fit's chi-square degrees-of-freedom ratio of 2.299, the RMSEA of 0.05, which was less than 0.08. Discussion After translation and cultural adaptation, the Chinese version of the PL-C Quest is a reliable measurement tool and can be used in the Chinese region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wu
- College of Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Science, Shanghai, China
- College of Sports Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinxiang Wang
- College of Sports Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hongbiao Wang
- College of Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- College of Sports Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ying Tian
- College of Sports Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhiguang Ji
- College of Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Liyan Wang
- College of Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Science, Shanghai, China
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Grauduszus M, Wessely S, Klaudius M, Joisten C. Definitions and assessments of physical literacy among children and youth: a scoping review. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1746. [PMID: 37679785 PMCID: PMC10486121 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16680-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the recognised health benefits of physical activity, the physical activity levels of children and adolescents continue to decline. The concept of physical literacy (PL) is a promising holistic approach to physical activity promotion that addresses affective and cognitive domains in addition to physical and motor domains. In Germany, however, no uniform or widely used method exists for assessing PL in children. This research was conducted to compile information on international PL assessment systems for children and adolescents (up to 18 years of age), including their underlying definitions, structural designs and development processes, for the purpose of developing such a tool in Germany. METHODS A scoping review was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science and SPORTDiscus database entries. The initial search was conducted in July 2022, with a follow-up search performed in May 2023. Articles that operationalised the construct of PL and at least two of the three domains were identified and included. The procedure and assessment tools used to evaluate the individual domains and the overall PL construct were extracted from all selected articles. RESULTS A total of 882 articles were identified; five were added after a manual search. After duplicates were removed, 563 articles were screened by title and abstract, and 40 articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. In a review of these articles, 23 different assessment procedures were identified. Eight assessment procedures included PL as a superordinate construct. Twenty-two of the 23 procedures assessed the affective and physical domains, only 14 assessed the cognitive domain. CONCLUSION Approximately half of the identified PL assessment systems addressed all three domains. Motor performance was most frequently integrated into the test procedures. Future developments in Germany should integrate all domains in the assessment to produce a holistic conceptualisation as the basis for appropriate funding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Grauduszus
- Department for Physical Activity in Public Health, Institute of Movement and Neurosciences, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, Cologne, 50933, Germany.
| | - Stefanie Wessely
- Department for Physical Activity in Public Health, Institute of Movement and Neurosciences, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, Cologne, 50933, Germany
| | - Marlen Klaudius
- Department for Physical Activity in Public Health, Institute of Movement and Neurosciences, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, Cologne, 50933, Germany
| | - Christine Joisten
- Department for Physical Activity in Public Health, Institute of Movement and Neurosciences, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, Cologne, 50933, Germany
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Chapelski MS, Erlandson MC, Stoddart AL, Froehlich Chow A, Baxter-Jones ADG, Humbert ML. Parents, Teachers, and Community: A Team Approach to Developing Physical Competence in Children. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1364. [PMID: 37628363 PMCID: PMC10453419 DOI: 10.3390/children10081364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Increasing children's physical activity engagement has short- and long-term health benefits. Developing physical competence is a key component of children's engagement in physical activity. The purpose of our study was to assess if a 12-week home, school, and community-based physical literacy intervention improved the physical competence of children in kindergarten and grade one. Four schools were either assigned to receive the intervention (n = 2 schools) or continue with their usual practice (control sites) (n = 2 schools). Physical competence was evaluated pre- and post-intervention in 103 intervention (41 female) and 83 usual practice (36 female) children using PLAY Fun. PLAY Parent and PLAY Coach tools measured parent and teacher perspectives of children's physical competence, respectively. The intervention effect was assessed with repeated measures MANOVA to evaluate change in physical competence, with alpha set at p < 0.05. Children in both groups improved their locomotor, object control, and overall physical competence (p < 0.05) over the 12-week intervention. There was a significant intervention effect for locomotor and overall physical competence (p < 0.05). Interestingly, parents did not perceive these changes in physical competence (p > 0.05). However, teachers perceived improved physical competence for children in the intervention. Our physical literacy intervention improved the physical competence of children in kindergarten and grade one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew S. Chapelski
- College of Kinesiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B2, Canada; (M.S.C.); (M.C.E.); (A.D.G.B.-J.)
| | - Marta C. Erlandson
- College of Kinesiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B2, Canada; (M.S.C.); (M.C.E.); (A.D.G.B.-J.)
| | - Alexandra L. Stoddart
- Health, Outdoor, and Physical Education, Faculty of Education, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada;
| | | | - Adam D. G. Baxter-Jones
- College of Kinesiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B2, Canada; (M.S.C.); (M.C.E.); (A.D.G.B.-J.)
| | - M. Louise Humbert
- College of Kinesiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B2, Canada; (M.S.C.); (M.C.E.); (A.D.G.B.-J.)
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Tang Y, Algurén B, Pelletier C, Naylor PJ, Faulkner G. Physical Literacy for Communities (PL4C): physical literacy, physical activity and associations with wellbeing. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1266. [PMID: 37386373 PMCID: PMC10311742 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16050-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical literacy (PL) is considered an important determinant of children's physical activity through which health benefits may be derived. The purpose of this study is to describe a sample of Canadian children's baseline levels of PL and movement behaviors, and explore whether the associations between PL and their mental wellbeing, if any, are mediated by moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). METHODS All grade two children in 14 elementary schools in the West Vancouver School District, Canada were invited to participate in a two-year longitudinal project. PL was assessed through PLAYfun and PLAYself tools. Physical activity was measured by wrist-worn accelerometers (GT3X + BT) for seven days. Children's mental well-being was assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). A score of total difficulties was aggregated for internalizing and externalizing problems. RESULTS A total of 355 children aged 7-9 (183 boys, 166 girls, 6 non-binary) participated with 258 children providing valid accelerometer data. Children exhibited an average of 111.1 min of MVPA per day, with 97.3% meeting the physical activity guidelines. Approximately 43% (108/250) of participants were meeting the Canadian 24-h movement guidelines. Children were at an 'emerging' level of overall physical competence (45.8 ± 5.6) and reported a mean score of 68.9 (SD = 12.3) for self-perceived PL, with no significant differences between boys and girls. PL was significantly associated with MVPA (r = .27) and all SDQ variables (rs = -.26-.13) except for externalizing problems. Mediation analyses showed PL was negatively associated with internalizing problems and total difficulties when the association with MVPA was considered. However, the mediating role of MVPA was found only between PL and internalizing problems, β = -.06, 95%CI [-.12, -.01]. CONCLUSIONS Although most of our sample was physically active and showed higher adherence to 24-H movement guidelines than comparable population data, the motor competence and self-perceived PL of our sample were similar to those of previous studies. PL has an independent association with children's internalizing problems and total difficulties. Ongoing assessment will investigate the relationships between PL and children's mental health from a longitudinal perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiling Tang
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Education, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Beatrix Algurén
- Department of Food and Nutrition, and Sport Science, Faculty of Education, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Chelsea Pelletier
- School of Health Sciences, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, Canada
| | - Patti-Jean Naylor
- School of Exercise Science, Physical and Health Education, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Guy Faulkner
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Education, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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Nezondet C, Gandrieau J, Nguyen P, Zunquin G. Perceived Physical Literacy Is Associated with Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Body Composition and Physical Activity Levels in Secondary School Students. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:712. [PMID: 37189960 PMCID: PMC10136585 DOI: 10.3390/children10040712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overweight and obese adolescents are often associated with lower Physical Activity (PA) levels and low Cardiorespiratory Fitness (CRF). Recently, the concept of Physical Literacy (PL), has been suggested to be associated with higher levels of active behavior and better health in adolescents. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships between PL, body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness and physical activity levels in French secondary school students. METHODS The level of PL was assessed in 85 French adolescents using a French version of the Perceived Physical Literacy Instrument (F-PPLI). Cardiorespiratory fitness was measured by the "20 m adapted walk/shuttle run test". The PA level was assessed by the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System questionnaire. Weight status was measured by the Body Mass Index (BMI) and the body composition data. RESULTS We find a significant association between the PL and the percentage Fat Mass (%FM) (r = -0.43; p ≤ 0.01), between the PL and moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) per week (r = 0.38; p ≤ 0.01). The PL was associated (r = 0.36; p ≤ 0.01) with the percentage of Skeletal Muscle Mass (%SMM) and cardiorespiratory fitness (r = 0.40; p ≤ 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Developing the PL for the most disadvantaged secondary school students in a PA program could be a suitable strategy to increase their PA level, reduce their adiposity, and promote better long-term health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlie Nezondet
- Laboratoire Mouvement, Equilibre, Performance, Santé (MEPS), Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, Campus Montaury, 64600 Anglet, France
| | - Joseph Gandrieau
- L’unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport, Santé, Société (URePSSS), Université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
- Laboratoire Motricité Humaine Expertise Sport Santé, (LAMHESS), UPR 6312, 06000 Nice, France
| | - Philippe Nguyen
- Departement “Unité Transversale des Activités Physiques pour la Santé” (UTAPS), Centre Hospitalier de la Côte Basque (CHCB), 64100 Bayonne, France
| | - Gautier Zunquin
- Laboratoire Mouvement, Equilibre, Performance, Santé (MEPS), Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, Campus Montaury, 64600 Anglet, France
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A Nature’s Way—Our Way Pilot Project Case Assemblage: (Re)Storying Child/Physical Literacy/Land Relationships for Indigenous Preschool-Aged Children’s Wholistic Wellness. CHILDREN 2023; 10:children10030497. [PMID: 36980055 PMCID: PMC10047221 DOI: 10.3390/children10030497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Physical literacy (PL) is gaining more attention from educational policy-makers, practitioners, and researchers as a way to improve health and wellness outcomes for children and youth. While the development of PL is important for early years children, there is limited attention in the literature that explores the political, cultural, and social discourses imbued in colonialism that implicate how PL is actualized in Indigenous early childhood education (ECE) contexts. This case assemblage explores how the culturally rooted, interdisciplinary, and community-based PL initiative, Nature’s Way–Our Way (NWOW), negotiated movement with three early childhood educators in the pilot project with an early childhood education centre (ECEC) in Saskatchewan, Canada. Through postqualitative approaches to research, this case assemblage adopts new materialist methodologies to show how the natural order of knowing in movement was disrupted through moments of rupture generating stories of PL to encompass radical relationality with land. As land becomes a vital and lively part of PL storying, it can function as an important protective factor for Indigenous preschool-aged children’s wholistic wellness.
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Kesic MG, Savicevic AJ, Peric M, Gilic B, Zenic N. Specificity of the Associations between Indices of Cardiovascular Health with Health Literacy and Physical Literacy; A Cross-Sectional Study in Older Adolescents. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:1316. [PMID: 36295477 PMCID: PMC9609210 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58101316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Cardiovascular health status (CVHS) is an important determinant of health, while it is theorized that health literacy (HL) and physical literacy (PL) could be directly related to CVHS. The aim of this study was to evaluate gender-specific associations between PL and HL and indices of CVHS in adolescence. Materials and Methods: The participants were 247 adolescents (177 females) from Split-Dalmatia county in Croatia who were tested on HL, PL, and CVHS (physical activity level (PAL) and lipid profile). The lipid profile included total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoproteins, non-high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and low-density lipoproteins. Gender-stratified multivariate cluster analysis (K-means clustering) was used to group participants into three homogenous groups on the basis of their HL and PL, while differences between clusters in CVHS were evidenced by analysis of the variance and consecutive post-hoc tests. Results: The lipid profile was better in girls with higher HL scores. Additionally, clusters consisting of participants with a better PL were characterized by higher PAL. We have found no evidence that HL is associated with PAL, while PL was not associated with the lipid profile. Conclusions: HL was specifically associated with direct indicators of health status (lipid profile) in girls, while PL was associated with PAL as a particular behavioral health indicator in both genders. The study highlights the necessity of including education of HL and PL in schools.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anamarija Jurcev Savicevic
- Teaching Institute of Public Health of Split Dalmatian County, 21000 Split, Croatia
- Department of Health Studies, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
- School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Mia Peric
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Barbara Gilic
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Natasa Zenic
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia
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Houser NE, Humbert ML, Kriellaars D, Erlandson MC. When the world stops: The impact of COVID-19 on physical activity and physical literacy. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2022; 47:611-614. [PMID: 35294842 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2022-0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Matched pre-during pandemic comparison (160 children) revealed a substantial reduction in physical activity (p < 0.001, rrb = 0.83), environmental participation (p = 0.046, rrb = 0.16), movement valuation (p < 0.001, rrb = 0.61), and parent perceptions of children's physical literacy (p < 0.001, rrb = 0.56). Examining physical activity trajectories, higher pre-pandemic physical literacy protected children from pandemic related activity decline. Emerging from the pandemic, interventions should address children's eroded belief in movement and consider physical literacy levels of children in individualizing movement opportunities for restoration of activity levels. Novelty: A substantial reduction in physical activity was associated with children who had lower physical literacy and resulted in reductions in children's valuation of movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie E Houser
- College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T6, Canada
| | - M Louise Humbert
- College of Kinesiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B2, Canada
| | - Dean Kriellaars
- College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T6, Canada
| | - Marta C Erlandson
- College of Kinesiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B2, Canada
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Valadi S, Cairney J. The Canadian assessment of physical literacy: a valid tool in determining the Iranian children capacity for an active and healthy lifestyle. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-022-00933-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Preschool to School-Age Physical Activity Trajectories and School-Age Physical Literacy: A Longitudinal Analysis. J Phys Act Health 2022; 19:275-283. [PMID: 35272265 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2021-0635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The associations between longitudinal physical activity (PA) patterns across childhood and physical literacy have not been studied. The purpose of this study was to identify PA trajectories from preschool to school-age, and to determine if trajectory group membership was associated with school-age physical literacy. METHODS Participants (n = 279, 4.5 [0.9] y old, 48% girls) enrolled in this study and completed annual assessments of PA with accelerometry over 6 timepoints. Physical literacy was assessed at timepoint 6 (10.8 [1.0] y old). Group-based trajectory analysis was applied to identify trajectories of total volume of PA and of moderate to vigorous PA and to estimate group differences in physical literacy. RESULTS Three trajectories of total volume of PA and of moderate to vigorous PA were identified. Groups 1 (lowest PA) included 40% to 53% of the sample, groups 2 included 39% to 44% of the sample, and groups 3 (highest PA) included 8% to 16% of the sample. All trajectories declined from timepoint 1 to timepoint 6. School-age physical literacy was lowest in trajectory groups with the lowest total volume of PA or moderate to vigorous PA over time (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS PA should be promoted across early and middle childhood, as it may play a formative role in the development of school-age physical literacy.
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Turrisi TB, Bittel KM, West AB, Hojjatinia S, Hojjatinia S, Mama SK, Lagoa CM, Conroy DE. Seasons, weather, and device-measured movement behaviors: a scoping review from 2006 to 2020. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2021; 18:24. [PMID: 33541375 PMCID: PMC7863471 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-021-01091-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This scoping review summarized research on (a) seasonal differences in physical activity and sedentary behavior, and (b) specific weather indices associated with those behaviors. METHODS PubMed, CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus were searched to identify relevant studies. After identifying and screening 1459 articles, data were extracted from 110 articles with 118,189 participants from 30 countries (almost exclusively high-income countries) on five continents. RESULTS Both physical activity volume and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) were greater in summer than winter. Sedentary behavior was greater in winter than either spring or summer, and insufficient evidence existed to draw conclusions about seasonal differences in light physical activity. Physical activity volume and MVPA duration were positively associated with both the photoperiod and temperature, and negatively associated with precipitation. Sedentary behavior was negatively associated with photoperiod and positively associated with precipitation. Insufficient evidence existed to draw conclusions about light physical activity and specific weather indices. Many weather indices have been neglected in this literature (e.g., air quality, barometric pressure, cloud coverage, humidity, snow, visibility, windchill). CONCLUSIONS The natural environment can influence health by facilitating or inhibiting physical activity. Behavioral interventions should be sensitive to potential weather impacts. Extreme weather conditions brought about by climate change may compromise health-enhancing physical activity in the short term and, over longer periods of time, stimulate human migration in search of more suitable environmental niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor B Turrisi
- Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Kelsey M Bittel
- Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Ashley B West
- Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | | | - Sahar Hojjatinia
- Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Scherezade K Mama
- Department of Health Disparities Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Constantino M Lagoa
- Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - David E Conroy
- Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
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14
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Jefferies P, Bremer E, Kozera T, Cairney J, Kriellaars D. Psychometric properties and construct validity of PLAYself: a self-reported measure of physical literacy for children and youth. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2020; 46:579-588. [PMID: 33315524 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2020-0410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
PLAYself is a tool designed for self-description of physical literacy in children and youth. We examined the tool using both the Rasch model and Classical Test Theory to explore its psychometric properties. A random selection of 300 children aged 8-14 years (47.3% female) from a dataset of 8513 Canadian children were involved in the Rasch analysis. The 3 subscales of the measure demonstrated good fit to the Rasch model, satisfying requirements of unidimensionality, having good fit statistics (item and person fit residuals = -0.17-1.47) and internal reliability (Person Separation Index = 0.70-0.82), and a lack of item bias and problematic local dependency. In a separate comparable sample, 297 children also aged 8-14 years (53.9% female) completed the PLAYfun, Physical Self-Description Questionnaire (PSDQ), Physical Activities Measure-Revised (MPAM-R), a physical activity inventory (PLAYinventory), and repeated the PLAYself 7 days later. The tests with this sample confirmed test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.81-0.84), and convergent and construct validity consistent with contemporary physical literacy definitions. Overall, the PLAYself demonstrated robust psychometric properties, and is recommended for researchers and practitioners who are interested in assessing self-reported physical literacy. Novelty: The PLAYself is a self-reported measure of physical literacy This study validates the measure using the Rasch model and classical test theory The PLAYself was found to have strong psychometric properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Jefferies
- Resilience Research Centre, Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Emily Bremer
- Faculty of Kinesiology & Physical Education, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tanya Kozera
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.,The Wellness Institute, Seven Oaks General Hospital, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - John Cairney
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Dean Kriellaars
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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15
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Caldwell HA, Di Cristofaro NA, Cairney J, Bray SR, Timmons BW. Measurement properties of the Physical Literacy Assessment for Youth (PLAY) Tools. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2020; 46:571-578. [PMID: 33259231 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2020-0648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The Physical Literacy Assessment for Youth (PLAY) Tools are a suite of tools to assess an individual's physical literacy. The purpose of this study is to examine the psychometric properties of the PLAY Tools, including inter-rater reliability, internal consistency, validity and the associations between the tools. In this study, 218 children and youth (aged 8.4 to 13.7 years) and a parent/guardian completed the appropriate physical literacy assessments (i.e., PLAYbasic, PLAYfun, PLAYparent and PLAYself) and the Bruiniks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (BOT-2). Inter-rater reliability for PLAYfun was excellent (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.94). The PLAYbasic, PLAYfun total, running and object control scores, and PLAYparent motor competence domain were higher in males than females, and PLAYfun locomotor skills were lower in males than females (p < 0.05). Age was positively correlated with PLAYbasic and PLAYfun (r = 0.14-0.32, p < 0.05). BOT-2 was positively correlated with PLAYfun and PLAYbasic (r = 0.19-0.59, p < 0.05). PLAYbasic is a significant predictor of PLAYfun (r2 = 0.742, p < 0.001). PLAYfun, PLAYparent and PLAYself were moderately correlated with one another. PLAYfun, PLAYparent and PLAYself demonstrated acceptable internal consistency (α = 0.74-0.87, ω = 0.73-0.87). The PLAY Tools demonstrated moderate associations between one another, strong inter-rater reliability and good construct and convergent validity. Continued evaluation of these tools with other populations, such as adolescents, is necessary. Novelty: In school-age children, the PLAY Tools demonstrated strong inter-rater reliability, moderate associations with one another, acceptable internal consistency and good construct and convergent validity. The results suggest that that PLAY Tools are an acceptable method of evaluation for physical literacy in school-age children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilary A Caldwell
- Child Health & Exercise Medicine Program, Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.,Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Natascja A Di Cristofaro
- Child Health & Exercise Medicine Program, Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - John Cairney
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Steven R Bray
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Brian W Timmons
- Child Health & Exercise Medicine Program, Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.,Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
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16
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Caldwell HA, Di Cristofaro NA, Cairney J, Bray SR, MacDonald MJ, Timmons BW. Physical Literacy, Physical Activity, and Health Indicators in School-Age Children. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17155367. [PMID: 32722472 PMCID: PMC7432049 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17155367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
It has been theorized that physical literacy is associated with physical activity and health. The purpose of this study is to investigate the associations between physical literacy and health, and if this relationship is mediated by moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Two hundred and twenty-two children (113 girls, 10.7 ± 1.0 years old) participated in this cross-sectional study. A physical literacy composite score was computed from measures of PLAYfun, PLAYparent, and PLAYself. Physical activity was measured over seven days with accelerometers, expressed as MVPA (min/day). Health indicators included: body composition (percent body fat), aerobic fitness (treadmill time and 60s heart rate recovery), resting systolic blood pressure, and quality of life. Physical literacy was significantly associated (p < 0.001) with percent body fat (R2 = 0.23), treadmill time (R2 = 0.21), 60 s heart rate recovery (R2 = 0.36), systolic blood pressure (R2 = 0.11), and quality of life (R2 = 0.11). The relationships between physical literacy and aerobic fitness, but not other health indicators, were directly mediated by MVPA. Higher physical literacy in children is associated with favorable health indicators, and the relationships between physical literacy and aerobic fitness were influenced by MVPA. Future work should examine these relationships longitudinally and determine if changes in physical literacy leads to changes in health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilary A.T. Caldwell
- Child Health and Exercise Medicine Program, Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; (H.A.T.C.); (N.A.D.C.)
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; (S.R.B.); (M.J.M.)
| | - Natascja A. Di Cristofaro
- Child Health and Exercise Medicine Program, Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; (H.A.T.C.); (N.A.D.C.)
| | - John Cairney
- School of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia QLD 4072, Australia;
| | - Steven R. Bray
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; (S.R.B.); (M.J.M.)
| | - Maureen J. MacDonald
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; (S.R.B.); (M.J.M.)
| | - Brian W. Timmons
- Child Health and Exercise Medicine Program, Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; (H.A.T.C.); (N.A.D.C.)
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada; (S.R.B.); (M.J.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +905-521-2100 (ext. 77615)
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17
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Bremer E, Graham JD, Cairney J. Outcomes and Feasibility of a 12-Week Physical Literacy Intervention for Children in an Afterschool Program. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17093129. [PMID: 32365870 PMCID: PMC7246927 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17093129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Children (N = 90) from eight afterschool programs (n = 4 experimental sites with 47 children; n = 4 control sites with 43 children), along with the program leaders (N = 7) from the experimental sites, participated in a 12-week physical literacy intervention. Children were assessed on their physical literacy (movement competence, affect, confidence, and motivation) pre- and post-intervention using a suite of assessment tools that included the PLAYfun assessment of movement competence and a comprehensive child questionnaire. Experimental participants engaged in a daily physical literacy intervention at their afterschool program; controls engaged in their usual afterschool programming. Experimental group program leaders were assessed on their cognitions pre- and post-training and post-intervention, alongside questions regarding program acceptability and feasibility. Program leaders’ perceived knowledge and self-efficacy to implement the physical literacy program increased (p < 0.05) from pre- to post-training and these effects were maintained at post-intervention. No group differences were observed in the change of children’s motor competence, self-efficacy, or motivation from baseline to post-intervention. However, significant increases in affect were observed among participants in the experimental group (p < 0.05). Program leaders said they would recommend the program to future leaders. However, they reported challenges with implementation due to equipment availability and behavioral challenges. Results suggest a comprehensive physical literacy program during the afterschool period can be feasible to implement and can lead to improvements in the affective domain of children’s physical literacy. Further research on childhood physical literacy interventions is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Bremer
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 2W6, Canada
- INfant and Child Health (INCH) Lab, Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8P 1H6, Canada;
- Correspondence:
| | - Jeffrey D. Graham
- INfant and Child Health (INCH) Lab, Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8P 1H6, Canada;
| | - John Cairney
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072, Australia;
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