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Masigol M, Radaha EL, Kannan AD, Salberg AG, Fattahi N, Parameswaran P, Hansen RR. Polymer Surface Dissection for Correlated Microscopic and Compositional Analysis of Bacterial Aggregates during Membrane Biofouling. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:134-145. [PMID: 35014824 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Multispecies biofilms are a common limitation in membrane bioreactors, causing membrane clogging, degradation, and failure. There is a poor understanding of biological fouling mechanisms in these systems due to the limited number of experimental techniques useful for probing microbial interactions at the membrane interface. Here, we develop a new experimental method, termed polymer surface dissection (PSD), to investigate multispecies assembly processes over membrane surfaces. The PSD method uses photodegradable polyethylene glycol hydrogels functionalized with bioaffinity ligands to bind and detach microscale, microbial aggregates from the membrane for microscopic observation. Subsequent exposure of the hydrogel to high resolution, patterned UV light allows for controlled release of any selected aggregate of desired size at high purity for DNA extraction. Follow-up 16S community analysis reveals aggregate composition, correlating microscopic images with the bacterial community structure. The optimized approach can isolate aggregates with microscale spatial precision and yields genomic DNA at sufficient quantity and quality for sequencing from aggregates with areas as low as 2000 μm2, without the need of culturing for sample enrichment. To demonstrate the value of the approach, PSD was used to reveal the composition of microscale aggregates of different sizes during early-stage biofouling of aerobic wastewater communities over PVDF membranes. Larger aggregates exhibited lower diversity of bacterial communities, and a shift in the community structure was found as aggregate size increased to areas between 25,000 and 45,000 μm2, below which aggregates were more enriched in Bacteroidetes and above which aggregates were more enriched with Proteobacteria. The findings demonstrate that community succession can be observed within microscale aggregates and that the PSD method is useful for identification and characterization of early colonizing bacteria that drive biofouling on membrane surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadali Masigol
- Tim Taylor Department of Chemical Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
| | - Esther L Radaha
- Tim Taylor Department of Chemical Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
| | - Arvind D Kannan
- Department of Civil Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
| | - Abigail G Salberg
- Tim Taylor Department of Chemical Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
| | - Niloufar Fattahi
- Tim Taylor Department of Chemical Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
| | - Prathap Parameswaran
- Department of Civil Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
| | - Ryan R Hansen
- Tim Taylor Department of Chemical Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
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2
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Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactors for Municipal Wastewater Treatment: A Literature Review. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11120967. [PMID: 34940468 PMCID: PMC8703433 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11120967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Currently, there is growing scientific interest in the development of more economic, efficient and environmentally friendly municipal wastewater treatment technologies. Laboratory and pilot-scale surveys have revealed that the anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) is a promising alternative for municipal wastewater treatment. Anaerobic membrane bioreactor technology combines the advantages of anaerobic processes and membrane technology. Membranes retain colloidal and suspended solids and provide complete solid–liquid separation. The slow-growing anaerobic microorganisms in the bioreactor degrade the soluble organic matter, producing biogas. The low amount of produced sludge and the production of biogas makes AnMBRs favorable over conventional biological treatment technologies. However, the AnMBR is not yet fully mature and challenging issues remain. This work focuses on fundamental aspects of AnMBRs in the treatment of municipal wastewater. The important parameters for AnMBR operation, such as pH, temperature, alkalinity, volatile fatty acids, organic loading rate, hydraulic retention time and solids retention time, are discussed. Moreover, through a comprehensive literature survey of recent applications from 2009 to 2021, the current state of AnMBR technology is assessed and its limitations are highlighted. Finally, the need for further laboratory, pilot- and full-scale research is addressed.
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Lotfikatouli S, Hadi P, Yang M, Walker HW, Hsiao BS, Gobler C, Reichel M, Mao X. Enhanced anti-fouling performance in Membrane Bioreactors using a novel cellulose nanofiber-coated membrane. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Shahid MK, Kashif A, Rout PR, Aslam M, Fuwad A, Choi Y, Banu J R, Park JH, Kumar G. A brief review of anaerobic membrane bioreactors emphasizing recent advancements, fouling issues and future perspectives. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 270:110909. [PMID: 32721343 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes the recent development and studies of anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) to control fouling issues. AnMBR is an emerging waste water treatment technology mainly because of its low sludge residual, high volumetric organic removal rate, complete liquid-solid separation, better effluent quality, efficient resource recovery and the small footprint. This paper surveys the fundamental aspects of AnMBRs, including its applications, membrane configurations, and recent progress for enhanced reactor performance. Furthermore, the membrane fouling, a major restriction in the practical application of AnMBR, its mechanism and antifouling strategies like membrane cleaning, quorum quenching, ultrasonic treatment, membrane modifications, and antifouling agents are briefly discussed. Based on the review, the key issues that require urgent attention to facilitate large scale and integrated application of AnMBR technology are identified and future research perspectives relating to the prevalent issues are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Kashif Shahid
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ayesha Kashif
- Department of Senior Health Care, Eulji University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Prangya Ranjan Rout
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Aslam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ahmed Fuwad
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Younggyun Choi
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Rajesh Banu J
- Department of Civil Engineering, Anna University, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Jeong Hoon Park
- Department of Civil Engineering, Anam Campus, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gopalakrishnan Kumar
- Institute of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, University of Stavanger, Norway.
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5
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Stazi V, Tomei MC. Enhancing anaerobic treatment of domestic wastewater: State of the art, innovative technologies and future perspectives. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 635:78-91. [PMID: 29660730 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent concerns over public health, environmental protection, and resource recovery have induced to look at domestic wastewater more as a resource than as a waste. Anaerobic treatment, owing to attractive advantages of energy saving, biogas recovery and lower sludge production, has been suggested as an alternative technology to the traditional practice of aerobic wastewater treatment, which is energy intensive, produces high excess of sludge, and fails to recover the potential resources available in wastewater. Sewage treatment by high-rate anaerobic processes has been widely reported over the last decades as an attractive method for providing a good quality effluent. Among the available high-rate anaerobic technologies, membrane bioreactors feature many advantages over aerobic treatment and conventional anaerobic systems, since high treatment efficiency, high quality effluent, pathogens retention and recycling of nutrients, were generally achieved. The objective of this paper is to review the currently available knowledge on anaerobic domestic wastewater treatment for the mostly applied high-rate systems and membrane bioreactors, presenting benefits and drawbacks, and focusing on the most promising emerging technologies, which need more investigation for their scale-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Stazi
- Water Research Institute, C.N.R., Via Salaria km 29.300, CP 10, Monterotondo Stazione, 00015 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Concetta Tomei
- Water Research Institute, C.N.R., Via Salaria km 29.300, CP 10, Monterotondo Stazione, 00015 Rome, Italy.
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Yang J, Ji X, Lu L, Ma H, Chen Y, Guo J, Fang F. Performance of an anaerobic membrane bioreactor in which granular sludge and dynamic filtration are integrated. BIOFOULING 2017; 33:36-44. [PMID: 27911097 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2016.1262845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
To alleviate the fouling of a filter, simple substrates, dynamic filtration, and granular sludge were applied in an anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR). The results showed that under a transmembrane pressure < 20 kPa, the filter flux ranged between 15 and 20 l (m-2 h)-1 for a period of 30 days. The flux was higher than the typical flux of AnMBRs with conventional membranes and most current dynamic filters. In addition, the low cost of the filter avoided the need for a higher flux. Moreover, a stable granular sludge bed, which consumed all volatile fatty acids, was maintained. A compact fouling/filtration layer formed on the filter, which contributed to low effluent chemical oxygen demand concentrations and turbidity. In addition, substrate scarcity in the filtration zone resulted in the evolution of diverse bacteria on the filter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixiang Yang
- a Key Laboratory of Reservoir Aquatic Environment, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Chongqing , China
| | - Xin Ji
- a Key Laboratory of Reservoir Aquatic Environment, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Chongqing , China
- b School of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering , Chongqing University , Chongqing , China
| | - Lunhui Lu
- a Key Laboratory of Reservoir Aquatic Environment, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Chongqing , China
| | - Hua Ma
- b School of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering , Chongqing University , Chongqing , China
| | - Youpeng Chen
- a Key Laboratory of Reservoir Aquatic Environment, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Chongqing , China
| | - Jinsong Guo
- a Key Laboratory of Reservoir Aquatic Environment, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Chongqing , China
| | - Fang Fang
- b School of Urban Construction and Environmental Engineering , Chongqing University , Chongqing , China
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7
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Seib M, Berg K, Zitomer D. Low energy anaerobic membrane bioreactor for municipal wastewater treatment. J Memb Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Kale MM, Singh KS. Analysis of submerged membrane for a sludge-bed anaerobic membrane bioreactor treating prehydrolysis liquor. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2016; 37:1883-1894. [PMID: 26708166 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2015.1135990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
An analysis of foulants and the performance of membranes in innovative sludge-bed anaerobic membrane bioreactors (SB-AnMBRs) were evaluated at mesophilic (35°C for approx. 400 days) followed by thermophilic (55°C for approx. 400 days) temperatures while treating the prehydrolysis liquor (PHL) waste stream from a dissolving pulp production plant. The membrane fouling of SB-AnMBR was analyzed for 0.1, 0.15 and 0.2 m(3)/m(2)/d flux conditions. Physico-chemical analyses of the membrane showed that the combination of 5% citric acid, 0.5% NaOCl and 2% NaOH solutions was effective in achieving more than 80% recovery of membrane flux. Chemical characterization of foulants showed that proteins were more predominant in membrane fouling than carbohydrates. Sugars and lignin contribution were negligible as compared to proteins in the total organic carbon content of the foulant. Membrane fouling occurred through a biofilm-dominated process and organic fouling. Combination of cleaning chemicals which included 0.5% NaClO and 2% NaOH solutions was most effective in the removal of the organic foulants. SEM analysis showed the pictorial evolution of the impact of fouling on the pore openings and the effect of cleaning on the membrane surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayur Milan Kale
- a Department of Civil Engineering , University of New Brunswick , Fredericton , Canada
| | - Kripa Shankar Singh
- b Department of Civil and Chemical Engineering , University of New Brunswick , Fredericton , Canada
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9
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Yue X, Koh YKK, Ng HY. Effects of dissolved organic matters (DOMs) on membrane fouling in anaerobic ceramic membrane bioreactors (AnCMBRs) treating domestic wastewater. WATER RESEARCH 2015; 86:96-107. [PMID: 26255104 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Revised: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBRs) have been regarded as a potential solution to achieve energy neutrality in the future wastewater treatment plants. Coupling ceramic membranes into AnMBRs offers great potential as ceramic membranes are resistant to corrosive chemicals such as cleaning reagents and harsh environmental conditions such as high temperature. In this study, ceramic membranes with pore sizes of 80, 200 and 300 nm were individually mounted in three anaerobic ceramic membrane bioreactors (AnCMBRs) treating real domestic wastewater to examine the treatment efficiencies and to elucidate the effects of dissolved organic matters (DOMs) on fouling behaviours. The average overall chemical oxygen demands (COD) removal efficiencies could reach around 86-88%. Although CH4 productions were around 0.3 L/g CODutilised, about 67% of CH4 generated was dissolved in the liquid phase and lost in the permeate. When filtering mixed liquor of similar properties, smaller pore-sized membranes fouled slower in long-term operations due to lower occurrence of pore blockages. However, total organic removal efficiencies could not explain the fouling behaviours. Liquid chromatography-organic carbon detection, fluorescence spectrophotometer and high performance liquid chromatography coupled with fluorescence and ultra-violet detectors were used to analyse the DOMs in detail. The major foulants were identified to be biopolymers that were produced in microbial activities. One of the main components of biopolymers--proteins--led to different fouling behaviours. It is postulated that the proteins could pass through porous cake layers to create pore blockages in membranes. Hence, concentrations of the DOMs in the soluble fraction of mixed liquor (SML) could not predict membrane fouling because different components in the DOMs might have different interactions with membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodi Yue
- Centre for Water Research, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Drive 2, 117576, Singapore
| | - Yoong Keat Kelvin Koh
- Public Utilities Board, 40 Scotts Road #22-01, Environment Building, 228231, Singapore
| | - How Yong Ng
- Centre for Water Research, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Drive 2, 117576, Singapore.
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10
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Liu Y, Chang S, Defersha FM. Characterization of the proton binding sites of extracellular polymeric substances in an anaerobic membrane bioreactor. WATER RESEARCH 2015; 78:133-143. [PMID: 25935368 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Revised: 03/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This paper focuses on the characterization of the chemical compositions and acidic constants of the extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) in an anaerobic membrane bioreactor treating synthetic brewery wastewater by using chemical analysis, linear programming analysis (LPA) of titration data, and FT-IR analysis. The linear programming analysis of titration data revealed that the EPSs have proton binding sites with pKa values from pKa ≤ 6, between 6 and 7, and approximately 9.8. The strong acidic sites (pKa ≤ 6) and some weak acidic sites (7.5 < pKa < 9.0) were found to be readily removed by 0.45-μm membrane filtration. In addition, the FT-IR analysis confirmed the presence of proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, and lipids in the EPS samples. Based on the FT-IR analysis and the main chemical functional groups at the bacterial cell surfaces, the identified proton binding sites were related to carboxyl, phosphate, and hydroxyl/amine groups with pKa values of 4.6 ± 0.7, 6.6 ± 0.01, and 9.7 ± 0.1, respectively, with the corresponding respective intensities of 0.31 ± 0.05, 0.96 ± 0.3, and 1.53 ± 0.3 mmole/g-EPS. The pKa values and intensities of the proton binding sites are the fundamental molecular properties of EPSs that affect the EPS charge, molecular interactions, and metal complexation characteristics. Determination of such properties can advance Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO)-based concentration polarization modeling, facilitate the estimation of the osmotic pressure of the EPS concentration polarization layers, and lead to a deeper understanding of the role of metal complexation in membrane fouling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Sheng Chang
- School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada.
| | - Fantahun M Defersha
- School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada
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11
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Herrera-Robledo M, Noyola A. The evolution of pore-blocking during the ultrafiltration of anaerobic effluent–like mixtures. Sep Purif Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2015.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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12
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Impact of membrane addition for effluent extraction on the performance and sludge characteristics of upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors treating municipal wastewater. J Memb Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2014.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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13
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Duan L, Tian Z, Song Y, Jiang W, Tian Y, Li S. Influence of solids retention time on membrane fouling: characterization of extracellular polymeric substances and soluble microbial products. BIOFOULING 2015; 31:181-191. [PMID: 25760237 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2015.1020303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of solids retention time (SRT) on membrane fouling and the characteristics of biomacromolecules. Four identical laboratory-scale membrane bioreactors (MBRs) were operated with SRTs for 10, 20, 40 and 80 days. The results indicated that membrane fouling occurred faster and more readily under short SRTs. Fouling resistance was the primary source of filtration resistance. The modified fouling index (MFI) results suggested that the more ready fouling at short SRTs could be attributed to higher concentrations of soluble microbial products (SMP). Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra indicated that the SRT had a weak influence on the functional groups of the total extracellular polymeric substances (TEPS) and SMP. However, the MBR under a short SRT had more low-molecular-weight (MW) compounds (<1 kDa) and fewer high-MW compounds (>100 kDa). Aromatic protein and tryptophan protein-like substances were the dominant groups in the TEPS and SMP, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Duan
- a State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment , Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences , Beijing , P.R China
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14
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Gao H, Scherson YD, Wells GF. Towards energy neutral wastewater treatment: methodology and state of the art. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2014; 16:1223-46. [PMID: 24777396 DOI: 10.1039/c4em00069b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Conventional biological wastewater treatment processes are energy-intensive endeavors that yield little or no recovered resources and often require significant external chemical inputs. However, with embedded energy in both organic carbon and nutrients (N, P), wastewater has the potential for substantial energy recovery from a low-value (or no-value) feedstock. A paradigm shift is thus now underway that is transforming our understanding of necessary energy inputs, and potential energy or resource outputs, from wastewater treatment, and energy neutral or even energy positive treatment is increasingly emphasized in practice. As two energy sources in domestic wastewater, we argue that the most suitable way to maximize energy recovery from wastewater treatment is to separate carbon and nutrient (particularly N) removal processes. Innovative anaerobic treatment technologies and bioelectrochemical processes are now being developed as high efficiency methods for energy recovery from waste COD. Recently, energy savings or even generation from N removal has become a hotspot of research and development activity, and nitritation-anammox, the newly developed CANDO process, and microalgae cultivation are considered promising techniques. In this paper, we critically review these five emerging low energy or energy positive bioprocesses for sustainable wastewater treatment, with a particular focus on energy optimization in management of nitrogenous oxygen demand. Taken together, these technologies are now charting a path towards to a new paradigm of resource and energy recovery from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Gao
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
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15
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16
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A review of anaerobic membrane bioreactors for municipal wastewater treatment: Integration options, limitations and expectations. Sep Purif Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2013.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 270] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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17
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Calderón K, González-Martínez A, Gómez-Silván C, Osorio F, Rodelas B, González-López J. Archaeal diversity in biofilm technologies applied to treat urban and industrial wastewater: recent advances and future prospects. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:18572-98. [PMID: 24022691 PMCID: PMC3794796 DOI: 10.3390/ijms140918572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2013] [Revised: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 08/30/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Biological wastewater treatment (WWT) frequently relies on biofilms for the removal of anthropogenic contaminants. The use of inert carrier materials to support biofilm development is often required, although under certain operating conditions microorganisms yield structures called granules, dense aggregates of self-immobilized cells with the characteristics of biofilms maintained in suspension. Molecular techniques have been successfully applied in recent years to identify the prokaryotic communities inhabiting biofilms in WWT plants. Although methanogenic Archaea are widely acknowledged as key players for the degradation of organic matter in anaerobic bioreactors, other biotechnological functions fulfilled by Archaea are less explored, and research on their significance and potential for WWT is largely needed. In addition, the occurrence of biofilms in WWT plants can sometimes be a source of operational problems. This is the case for membrane bioreactors (MBR), an advanced technology that combines conventional biological treatment with membrane filtration, which is strongly limited by biofouling, defined as the undesirable accumulation of microbial biofilms and other materials on membrane surfaces. The prevalence and spatial distribution of archaeal communities in biofilm-based WWT as well as their role in biofouling are reviewed here, in order to illustrate the significance of this prokaryotic cellular lineage in engineered environments devoted to WWT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadiya Calderón
- Environmental Microbiology Group, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Institute of Water Research, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, Granada 18071, Spain; E-Mails: (C.G.-S.); (B.R.); (J.G.-L.)
| | - Alejandro González-Martínez
- Environmental Microbiology Group, Department of Civil Engineering, and Institute of Water Research, University of Granada; Campus de Cartuja s/n, Granada 18071, Spain; E-Mails: (A.G.-M.); (F.O.)
| | - Cinta Gómez-Silván
- Environmental Microbiology Group, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Institute of Water Research, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, Granada 18071, Spain; E-Mails: (C.G.-S.); (B.R.); (J.G.-L.)
| | - Francisco Osorio
- Environmental Microbiology Group, Department of Civil Engineering, and Institute of Water Research, University of Granada; Campus de Cartuja s/n, Granada 18071, Spain; E-Mails: (A.G.-M.); (F.O.)
| | - Belén Rodelas
- Environmental Microbiology Group, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Institute of Water Research, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, Granada 18071, Spain; E-Mails: (C.G.-S.); (B.R.); (J.G.-L.)
| | - Jesús González-López
- Environmental Microbiology Group, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Institute of Water Research, University of Granada, Campus de Cartuja s/n, Granada 18071, Spain; E-Mails: (C.G.-S.); (B.R.); (J.G.-L.)
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Tran TM, Stuetz RM, Chen V, Le-Clech P. Advanced characterization of fouling in membrane coupled with upflow anaerobic sludge blanket process. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2013; 34:2799-2807. [PMID: 24527644 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2013.790068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, an advanced process based on the use of ultrafiltration hollow fibre membranes immersed in the supernatant of an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket bioreactor (MUASB) and operated under low permeate flux was proposed. Process sustainability was assessed under different operating conditions: membranes were immersed either in the supernatant or in the biomass bulk and operated under various permeate fluxes. Additionally, temporal investigation was also proposed through the advanced characterization of fouling behaviour by systematic fractionation (based on level of reversibility) and analysis by liquid chromatography-organic carbon detector. Among the various suspended solids (SS) concentrations in supernatant (10, 25, 100, and 400 mg L(-1)) and in biomass bulk (6500 mg L(-1)), higher fouling levels were observed under low SS concentrations. However, more easily reversible fouling was obtained under MUASB conditions, demonstrating potential long-term sustainability. Results of long-term operation indicated that an increase of flux leads to larger amounts of SS participating in irreversible fouling and higher irreversibility. Temporal change in fouling characteristics revealed that the most easily removable fouling layer (i.e. cake), and its relative fraction of SS, were the two main factors impacting on the overall hydraulic performance. Additionally, the development of microbial population on the membrane surface was closely related to the proteins content and the overall hydraulic resistance. Polysaccharides and other dissolved organic matters (humic substances, building blocks, and low molecular weight compounds) presented low effect on membrane fouling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thao Minh Tran
- UNSW Water Research Centre, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Richard M Stuetz
- UNSW Water Research Centre, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Vicki Chen
- UNESCO Centre for Membrane Science and Technology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Pierre Le-Clech
- UNESCO Centre for Membrane Science and Technology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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Cerón-Vivas A, Morgan-Sagastume J, Noyola A. Intermittent filtration and gas bubbling for fouling reduction in anaerobic membrane bioreactors. J Memb Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2012.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Herrera-Robledo M, Cid-León D, Morgan-Sagastume J, Noyola A. Biofouling in an anaerobic membrane bioreactor treating municipal sewage. Sep Purif Technol 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2011.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Herrera-Robledo M, Arenas C, Morgan-Sagastume JM, Castaño V, Noyola A. Chitosan/albumin/CaCO3 as mimics for membrane bioreactor fouling: genesis of structural mineralized-EPS-building blocks and cake layer compressibility. CHEMOSPHERE 2011; 84:191-198. [PMID: 21600628 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.04.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2011] [Revised: 04/20/2011] [Accepted: 04/21/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Membrane bioreactor biofouling is usually described as an extracellular matrix in which biopolymers, inorganic salts and active microbes co-exist. For that reason, biomineralization (BM) models can be useful to describe the spatial organization and environmental constraints within the referred scenario. BM arguments were utilized as background in order to (1) evaluate CaCO(3) influence on flux decline; pore blocking and cake layer properties (resistance, permeability and compressibility) in a wide range of Chitosan/Bovine serum albumin (BSA) mixtures during step-pressure runs and, (2) perform membrane autopsies in order to explore the genesis of mineralized extracellular building blocks (MEBB) during cake layer build up. Using low molecular weight chitosan (LC) and BSA, 2 L of 5 LC/BSA mixtures (0.25-1.85 ratio) were pumped to an external ultra filtration (UF) membrane (23.5cm(2), hydrophobic, piezoelectric, 100kDa as molecular weight cut-off). Eight different pressure steps (40±7 to 540±21kPa) were applied. Each pressure step was held for 900 s. CaCO(3) was added to LC/BSA mixtures at 0.5, 1.5 and 3mM in order to create MEBB during the filtration tests. Membrane autopsies were performed after the filtration tests using thermo gravimetric, scanning microscopy and specific membrane mass (mgcm(-2)) analyses. Biopolymer-CaCO(3) step-pressure filtration created compressible cake layers (with inner voids). The formation of an internal skeleton of MEBB may contribute to irreversible fouling consolidation. A hypothesis for MEBB genesis and development was set forth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Herrera-Robledo
- Grupo de Investigación en Procesos Anaerobios, Instituto de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-472, 04510, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, México, DF, Mexico.
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Carretero P, Sandín R, Molina S, Martinez A, de la Campa JG, Lozano AE, de Abajo J. Linear polyisophthalamides from the trifunctional monomer 5-hydroxyisophthalic acid. A convenient approach towards functionalized aromatic polymers. Eur Polym J 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2011.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Calderón K, Rodelas B, Cabirol N, González-López J, Noyola A. Analysis of microbial communities developed on the fouling layers of a membrane-coupled anaerobic bioreactor applied to wastewater treatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2011; 102:4618-4627. [PMID: 21310607 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2010] [Revised: 12/03/2010] [Accepted: 01/03/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The structure of the biofouling layers formed on a pilot-scale membrane-coupled upflow anaerobic sludge blanket bioreactor (UASB) used to treat urban wastewater was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and electron-dispersive X-ray microanalysis. For comparison, control samples of the membranes were fed either UASB effluent or raw wastewater in a laboratory-scale experiment. Microbial diversity in the fouling materials was analyzed by temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TGGE) combined with sequence analysis of partial 16S rRNA. Significant differences in structure of the Bacteria communities were observed amongst the different fouling layers analyzed in the UASB membranes, particularly following a chemical cleaning step (NaClO), while the Archaea communities retained more similarity in all samples. The main Bacteria populations identified were evolutively close to Firmicutes (42.3%) and Alphaproteobacteria (30.8%), while Archaea were mostly affiliated to the Methanosarcinales and Methanospirillaceae. Sphingomonadaceae-related bacteria and methanogenic Archaea were persistently found as components of biofouling, regardless of chemical cleaning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadiya Calderón
- Grupo de Investigación en Procesos Anaerobios, Instituto de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-472, 04510, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, México, D.F., Mexico
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