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Belofsky G, Cruz C, Schultz T, Zapata M, Wilcox D, Wasmund B, Salomon CE, Spiegel PC. Antimicrobial isoflavans and other metabolites of Dalea nana. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2024; 226:114224. [PMID: 39032794 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2024.114224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
The phytochemical investigation of extracts from Dalea nana roots and aerial parts led to the isolation of thirteen phenolic compounds. Three previously undescribed isoflavans, named verdeans A-C (1, 3, and 7), were characterized. Two additional isoflavans (2 and 5) were previously undescribed enantiomers of known compounds. A previously undescribed isoflavone (verdean D, 10) was found, and the known specialized metabolites, isoflavans 4, 6, 8, and 9, isoflavone 11, flavone 12, and a 2-arylbenzofuran 13, were also isolated. All but one (7) of the isoflavans were prenylated. The structures of the previously undescribed compounds were deduced by NMR spectroscopy, supported by HRESI mass spectrometry. The absolute configurations of 1-3, 5, and 7-9 were determined by ECD. Compounds 1, 3, 4, 6, and 8 exhibited in vitro antimicrobial activities, causing complete growth inhibition (MIC) at concentrations between 6.7 and 37.0 μM against Cryptococcus neoformans and between 8.9 and 25.0 μM against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The most broadly active previously undescribed compound was verdean A (1), with MIC values of 6.7 and 12.9 μM toward C. neoformans and MRSA, respectively, and an MIC of 10.0 μM against the often-intractable C. albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gil Belofsky
- Department of Chemistry, Central Washington University, Ellensburg, WA, 98926, United States.
| | - Caroline Cruz
- Department of Chemistry, Central Washington University, Ellensburg, WA, 98926, United States
| | - Trevor Schultz
- Department of Chemistry, Central Washington University, Ellensburg, WA, 98926, United States
| | - Maxwell Zapata
- Department of Chemistry, Central Washington University, Ellensburg, WA, 98926, United States
| | - Dominique Wilcox
- Department of Chemistry, Central Washington University, Ellensburg, WA, 98926, United States
| | - Brendan Wasmund
- Department of Chemistry, Central Washington University, Ellensburg, WA, 98926, United States
| | - Christine E Salomon
- Center for Drug Design, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, United States
| | - P Clint Spiegel
- Department of Chemistry, Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA, 98225, United States
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2
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Luo D, Shi D, Wen L. From Epimedium to Neuroprotection: Exploring the Potential of Wushanicaritin. Foods 2024; 13:1493. [PMID: 38790793 PMCID: PMC11119816 DOI: 10.3390/foods13101493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Epimedium has been used for functional foods with many beneficial functions to human health. Wushanicaritin is one of the most important chemicals int Epimedium. This study investigated the neuroprotective effects of wushanicaritin and potential underlying mechanisms. The results demonstrated that wushanicaritin possessed superior intercellular antioxidant activity compared to icaritin. Wushanicaritin, with an EC50 value of 3.87 μM, showed better neuroprotective effect than quercetin, a promising neuroprotection agent. Wushanicaritin significantly reversed lactate dehydrogenase release, reactive oxygen species generation, cell apoptosis, and mRNA expression related to cell apoptosis and oxidative defense, in glutamate-induced PC-12 cells. Wushanicaritin could also maintain the enzymatic antioxidant defense system and mitochondrial function. The suppression of caspase-3 activation and amelioration of mitochondrial membrane potential loss and nucleus morphology changes were involved in the antiapoptotic effect of wushanicaritin. These findings suggested that wushanicaritin possesses excellent intercellular antioxidant and neuroprotective activities, showing potential promise in functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghui Luo
- Chaozhou Branch of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Chaozhou 521000, China;
| | - Dingding Shi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China;
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lingrong Wen
- Chaozhou Branch of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Chaozhou 521000, China;
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China;
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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3
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Yang YJ, Kim MJ, Yang JH, Heo JW, Kim HH, Kim WH, Kim GS, Lee HJ, Kim YW, Kim KY, Park KI. Liquid Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Sophora flavescens Aiton and Protective Effects against Alcohol-Induced Liver Injury and Oxidative Stress in Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:541. [PMID: 38790646 PMCID: PMC11117756 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the hepatoprotective effects of an ethanol extract of Sophora flavescens Aiton (ESF) on an alcohol-induced liver disease mouse model. Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) was caused by the administration of ethanol to male C57/BL6 mice who were given a Lieber-DeCarli liquid diet, including ethanol. The alcoholic fatty liver disease mice were orally administered ESF (100 and 200 mg/kg bw/day) or silymarin (50 mg/kg bw/day), which served as a positive control every day for 16 days. The findings suggest that ESF enhances hepatoprotective benefits by significantly decreasing serum levels of aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT), markers for liver injury. Furthermore, ESF alleviated the accumulation of triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC), increased serum levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH), and improved serum alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity in the alcoholic fatty liver disease mice model. Cells and organisms rely on the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1- Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Keap1-Nrf2) system as a critical defensive mechanism in response to oxidative stress. Therefore, Nrf2 plays an important role in ALD antioxidant responses, and its level is decreased by increased reactive oxidation stress (ROS) in the liver. ESF increased Nrf2, which was decreased in ethanol-damaged livers. Additionally, four polyphenol compounds were identified through a qualitative analysis of the ESF using LC-MS/MS. This study confirmed ESF's antioxidative and hangover-elimination effects and suggested the possibility of using Sophora flavescens Aiton (SF) to treat ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Jin Yang
- Departments of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.Y.); (M.J.K.); (J.W.H.); (H.H.K.); (W.H.K.); (G.S.K.); (H.-J.L.)
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Departments of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.Y.); (M.J.K.); (J.W.H.); (H.H.K.); (W.H.K.); (G.S.K.); (H.-J.L.)
| | - Ju-Hye Yang
- Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea;
| | - Ji Woong Heo
- Departments of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.Y.); (M.J.K.); (J.W.H.); (H.H.K.); (W.H.K.); (G.S.K.); (H.-J.L.)
| | - Hun Hwan Kim
- Departments of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.Y.); (M.J.K.); (J.W.H.); (H.H.K.); (W.H.K.); (G.S.K.); (H.-J.L.)
| | - Woo H. Kim
- Departments of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.Y.); (M.J.K.); (J.W.H.); (H.H.K.); (W.H.K.); (G.S.K.); (H.-J.L.)
| | - Gon Sup Kim
- Departments of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.Y.); (M.J.K.); (J.W.H.); (H.H.K.); (W.H.K.); (G.S.K.); (H.-J.L.)
| | - Hu-Jang Lee
- Departments of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.Y.); (M.J.K.); (J.W.H.); (H.H.K.); (W.H.K.); (G.S.K.); (H.-J.L.)
| | - Young Woo Kim
- School of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea;
| | - Kwang Youn Kim
- Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea;
| | - Kwang Il Park
- Departments of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.Y.); (M.J.K.); (J.W.H.); (H.H.K.); (W.H.K.); (G.S.K.); (H.-J.L.)
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Morante-Carriel J, Živković S, Nájera H, Sellés-Marchart S, Martínez-Márquez A, Martínez-Esteso MJ, Obrebska A, Samper-Herrero A, Bru-Martínez R. Prenylated Flavonoids of the Moraceae Family: A Comprehensive Review of Their Biological Activities. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1211. [PMID: 38732426 PMCID: PMC11085352 DOI: 10.3390/plants13091211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Prenylated flavonoids (PFs) are natural flavonoids with a prenylated side chain attached to the flavonoid skeleton. They have great potential for biological activities such as anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, enzyme inhibition, and anti-Alzheimer's effects. Medicinal chemists have recently paid increasing attention to PFs, which have become vital for developing new therapeutic agents. PFs have quickly developed through isolation and semi- or full synthesis, proving their high value in medicinal chemistry research. This review comprehensively summarizes the research progress of PFs, including natural PFs from the Moraceae family and their pharmacological activities. This information provides a basis for the selective design and optimization of multifunctional PF derivatives to treat multifactorial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Morante-Carriel
- Plant Proteomics and Functional Genomics Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Soil and Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Alicante, Carretera San Vicente del Raspeig s/n, 03690 San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain; (H.N.); (M.J.M.-E.); (A.O.); (A.S.-H.); (R.B.-M.)
- Plant Biotechnology Group, Faculty of Forestry and Agricultural Sciences, Quevedo State Technical University, Av. Quito km. 1 1/2 vía a Santo Domingo de los Tsachilas, Quevedo 120501, Ecuador
| | - Suzana Živković
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11108 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Hugo Nájera
- Plant Proteomics and Functional Genomics Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Soil and Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Alicante, Carretera San Vicente del Raspeig s/n, 03690 San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain; (H.N.); (M.J.M.-E.); (A.O.); (A.S.-H.); (R.B.-M.)
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana–Cuajimalpa, Av. Vasco de Quiroga 4871, Colonia Santa Fe Cuajimalpa, Alcaldía Cuajimalpa de Morelos, Mexico City 05348, Mexico
| | - Susana Sellés-Marchart
- Research Technical Facility, Proteomics and Genomics Division, University of Alicante, 03690 San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain;
| | - Ascensión Martínez-Márquez
- Plant Proteomics and Functional Genomics Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Soil and Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Alicante, Carretera San Vicente del Raspeig s/n, 03690 San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain; (H.N.); (M.J.M.-E.); (A.O.); (A.S.-H.); (R.B.-M.)
| | - María José Martínez-Esteso
- Plant Proteomics and Functional Genomics Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Soil and Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Alicante, Carretera San Vicente del Raspeig s/n, 03690 San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain; (H.N.); (M.J.M.-E.); (A.O.); (A.S.-H.); (R.B.-M.)
| | - Anna Obrebska
- Plant Proteomics and Functional Genomics Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Soil and Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Alicante, Carretera San Vicente del Raspeig s/n, 03690 San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain; (H.N.); (M.J.M.-E.); (A.O.); (A.S.-H.); (R.B.-M.)
| | - Antonio Samper-Herrero
- Plant Proteomics and Functional Genomics Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Soil and Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Alicante, Carretera San Vicente del Raspeig s/n, 03690 San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain; (H.N.); (M.J.M.-E.); (A.O.); (A.S.-H.); (R.B.-M.)
| | - Roque Bru-Martínez
- Plant Proteomics and Functional Genomics Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Soil and Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Alicante, Carretera San Vicente del Raspeig s/n, 03690 San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain; (H.N.); (M.J.M.-E.); (A.O.); (A.S.-H.); (R.B.-M.)
- Multidisciplinary Institute for the Study of the Environment (IMEM), University of Alicante, 03690 San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain
- Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), 03010 Alicante, Alicante, Spain
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Mukai R, Okuyama H, Uchimura M, Sakao K, Matsuhiro M, Ikeda-Imafuku M, Ishima Y, Nishikawa M, Ikushiro S, Tai A. The binding selectivity of quercetin and its structure-related polyphenols to human serum albumin using a fluorescent dye cocktail for multiplex drug-site mapping. Bioorg Chem 2024; 145:107184. [PMID: 38364549 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Human serum albumin (HSA) is a serum protein that carries flavonoids in blood circulation. In this report, the binding selectivity and strength of interactions to HSA-binding sites (sites I or II) by flavonoids were evaluated using competition experiments and the specific fluorescent dyes, dansylamide and BD140. Most tested flavonoids bound site I preferentially, with the binding strength dependent on the mother structure in the order flavonol > flavone > flavanone > flavan 3-ols. Glycosylation or glucuronidation reduced the binding of quercetin to site I of HSA, whereas sulfation increased binding. Quercetin 7-sulfate showed the strongest binding and molecular docking simulations supported this observation. Prenylation at any position or glucuronidation and sulfation at the C-4' or C-7 position of quercetin facilitated stronger binding to site II. The binding affinity of flavonoids toward site I correlated with the partition coefficient value (logP), whereas no corresponding correlation was observed for site II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rie Mukai
- Department of Food Science, Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, 2-1, Minamijosan-jima, Tokushima 770-8513, Japan.
| | - Hitomi Okuyama
- Department of Food Science, Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, 2-1, Minamijosan-jima, Tokushima 770-8513, Japan
| | - Miku Uchimura
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24, Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan.
| | - Kozue Sakao
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24, Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan.
| | - Miyu Matsuhiro
- Department of Food Science, Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, 2-1, Minamijosan-jima, Tokushima 770-8513, Japan.
| | - Mayumi Ikeda-Imafuku
- Department of Physical Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wakayama Medical University, 25-1 Shichiban-cho, Wakayama 640-8156, Japan.
| | - Yu Ishima
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, 5 Nakauchi-cho, Misasagi, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan.
| | - Miyu Nishikawa
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan.
| | - Shinichi Ikushiro
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan.
| | - Akihiro Tai
- Department of Food Science, Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, 2-1, Minamijosan-jima, Tokushima 770-8513, Japan.
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Hao B, Yang Z, Liu H, Liu Y, Wang S. Advances in Flavonoid Research: Sources, Biological Activities, and Developmental Prospectives. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:2884-2925. [PMID: 38666911 PMCID: PMC11049524 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46040181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
At present, the occurrence of a large number of infectious and non-communicable diseases poses a serious threat to human health as well as to drug development for the treatment of these diseases. One of the most significant challenges is finding new drug candidates that are therapeutically effective and have few or no side effects. In this respect, the active compounds in medicinal plants, especially flavonoids, are potentially useful compounds with a wide range of pharmacological activities. They are naturally present in nature and valuable in the treatment of many infectious and non-communicable diseases. Flavonoids are divided into fourteen categories and are mainly derived from plant extraction, chemical synthesis and structural modification, and biosynthesis. The structural modification of flavonoids is an important way to discover new drugs, but biosynthesis is currently considered the most promising research direction with the potential to revolutionize the new production pipeline in the synthesis of flavonoids. However, relevant problems such as metabolic pathway analyses and cell synthesis protocols for flavonoids need to be addressed on an urgent basis. In the present review, new research techniques for assessing the biological activities of flavonoids and the mechanisms of their biological activities are elucidated and their modes of interaction with other drugs are described. Moreover, novel drug delivery systems, such as nanoparticles, bioparticles, colloidals, etc., are gradually becoming new means of addressing the issues of poor hydrophilicity, lipophilicity, poor chemical stability, and low bioavailability of flavonoids. The present review summarizes the latest research progress on flavonoids, existing problems with their therapeutic efficacy, and how these issues can be solved with the research on flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Shengyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; (B.H.); (Z.Y.); (H.L.); (Y.L.)
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Nishi K, Imamura I, Hoashi K, Kiyama R, Mitsuiki S. Estrogenic Prenylated Flavonoids in Sophora flavescens. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:204. [PMID: 38397194 PMCID: PMC10887985 DOI: 10.3390/genes15020204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Sophora flavescens is a medicinal herb distributed widely in Japan and it has been used to treat various diseases and symptoms. To explore its pharmacological use, we examined the estrogenic activity of four prenylated flavonoids, namely kurarinone, kushenols A and I, and sophoraflavanone G, which are characterized by the lavandulyl group at position 8 of ring A, but have variations in the hydroxyl group at positions 3 (ring C), 5 (ring A) and 4' (ring B). These prenylated flavonoids were examined via cell proliferation assays using sulforhodamine B, Western blotting, and RT-PCR, corresponding to cell, protein, and transcription assays, respectively, based on estrogen action mechanisms. All the assays employed here found weak but clear estrogenic activities for the prenylated flavonoids examined. Furthermore, the activities were inhibited by an estrogen receptor antagonist, suggesting that the activities were likely being mediated by the estrogen receptors. However, there were differences in the activity, attributable to the hydroxyl group at position 4', which is absent in kushenol A. While the estrogenic activity of kurarinone and sophoraflavanone G has been reported before, to the best of our knowledge, there are no such reports on kushenols A and I. Therefore, this study represents the first report of their estrogenic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Shinji Mitsuiki
- Faculty of Life Science, Kyushu Sangyo University, Fukuoka 813-8503, Japan; (K.N.); (I.I.); (K.H.); (R.K.)
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Wang J, Li H, Li Y, Yang A, Bao S, Zhang Y, Du Q, Zheng Z, Wang X. Sinoflavonoids NJ and NK, anti-inflammatory prenylated flavonoids from the fruits of Podophyllum hexandrum Royle. Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:701-705. [PMID: 36915053 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2188590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Two new prenylated flavonoids named sinoflavonoids NJ and NK (1-2), along with ten known compounds were isolated from the fruits of Podophyllum hexandrum Royle. The chemical structures were determined through NMR spectroscopic data and MS analysis. Sinoflavonoid NJ (1) with an unusual 5,11-dioxabenzo[b]fluoren-10-one skeleton was firstly reported from Berberidaceae. The isolated flavonoids were tested with LPS-induced RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages model for their anti-inflammatory activity. Sinoflavonoid NJ (1) showed the most potent inhibition on nitric oxide production with IC50 value as 0.06 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyang Wang
- Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Han Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanhui Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Aiping Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Sheng Bao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuntian Zhang
- Jiangyin Tianjiang Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Jiangyin, China
| | - Qing Du
- College of pharmacy, Qinghai Minzu University, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Resources of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in Qinghai Province, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | | | - Xiachang Wang
- Quanzhou Normal University, Quanzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Morimoto R, Isegawa Y. Anti-Influenza Virus Activity of Citrullus lanatus var. citroides as a Functional Food: A Review. Foods 2023; 12:3866. [PMID: 37893759 PMCID: PMC10606521 DOI: 10.3390/foods12203866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza is an acute respiratory illness caused by the influenza virus, in response to which vaccines and antiviral drugs are administered. In recent years, the antiviral effects of plants and foods have garnered attention. This review is the first to summarize the therapeutic properties of wild watermelon (Citrullus lanatus var. citroides) against influenza from a phytochemical viewpoint. Wild watermelon is a wild plant with significant potential as a therapeutic candidate in antiviral strategies, when focused on its multiple anti-influenza functionalities. Wild watermelon juice inhibits viral growth, entry, and replication. Hence, we highlight the possibility of utilizing wild watermelon for the prevention and treatment of influenza with stronger antiviral activity. Phytochemicals and phytoestrogen (polyphenol, flavonoids, and prenylated compounds) in wild watermelon juice contribute to this activity and inhibit various stages of viral replication, depending on the molecular structure. Wild plants and foods closely related to the original species contain many natural compounds such as phytochemicals, and exhibit various viral growth inhibitory effects. These natural products provide useful information for future antiviral strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Morimoto
- Department of Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Life Science, Shikoku University, Tokushima 771-1192, Japan;
| | - Yuji Isegawa
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
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10
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Restivo I, Basilicata MG, Giardina IC, Massaro A, Pepe G, Salviati E, Pecoraro C, Carbone D, Cascioferro S, Parrino B, Diana P, Ostacolo C, Campiglia P, Attanzio A, D’Anneo A, Pojero F, Allegra M, Tesoriere L. A Combination of Polymethoxyflavones from Citrus sinensis and Prenylflavonoids from Humulus lupulus Counteracts IL-1β-Induced Differentiated Caco-2 Cells Dysfunction via a Modulation of NF-κB/Nrf2 Activation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1621. [PMID: 37627616 PMCID: PMC10451557 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
We here investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of a polymethoxylated flavone-containing fraction (PMFF) from Citrus sinensis and of a prenylflavonoid-containing one (PFF) from Humulus lupulus, either alone or in combination (MIX). To this end, an in vitro model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), consisting of differentiated, interleukin (IL)-1β-stimulated Caco-2 cells, was employed. We demonstrated that non-cytotoxic concentrations of either PMFF or PFF or MIX reduced nitric oxide (NO) production while PFF and MIX, but not PMFF, also inhibited prostaglandin E2 release. Coherently, MIX suppressed both inducible NO synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 over-expression besides NF-κB activation. Moreover, MIX increased nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation, heme oxygenase-1 expression, restoring GSH and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONs) levels. Remarkably, these effects with MIX were stronger than those produced by PMFF or PFF alone. Noteworthy, nobiletin (NOB) and xanthohumol (XTM), two of the most represented phytochemicals in PMFF and PFF, respectively, synergistically inhibited RONs production. Overall, our results demonstrate that MIX enhances the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects of the individual fractions in a model of IBD, via a mechanism involving modulation of NF-κB and Nrf2 signalling. Synergistic interactions between NOB and XTM emerge as a relevant aspect underlying this evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignazio Restivo
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 28, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (I.R.); (I.C.G.); (A.M.); (A.A.); (A.D.); (F.P.); (L.T.)
| | | | - Ilenia Concetta Giardina
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 28, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (I.R.); (I.C.G.); (A.M.); (A.A.); (A.D.); (F.P.); (L.T.)
| | - Alessandro Massaro
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 28, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (I.R.); (I.C.G.); (A.M.); (A.A.); (A.D.); (F.P.); (L.T.)
| | - Giacomo Pepe
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (M.G.B.); (E.S.); (C.O.); (P.C.)
| | - Emanuela Salviati
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (M.G.B.); (E.S.); (C.O.); (P.C.)
| | - Camilla Pecoraro
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (C.P.); (D.C.); (S.C.); (B.P.); (P.D.)
| | - Daniela Carbone
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (C.P.); (D.C.); (S.C.); (B.P.); (P.D.)
| | - Stella Cascioferro
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (C.P.); (D.C.); (S.C.); (B.P.); (P.D.)
| | - Barbara Parrino
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (C.P.); (D.C.); (S.C.); (B.P.); (P.D.)
| | - Patrizia Diana
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 32, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (C.P.); (D.C.); (S.C.); (B.P.); (P.D.)
| | - Carmine Ostacolo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (M.G.B.); (E.S.); (C.O.); (P.C.)
| | - Pietro Campiglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (M.G.B.); (E.S.); (C.O.); (P.C.)
| | - Alessandro Attanzio
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 28, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (I.R.); (I.C.G.); (A.M.); (A.A.); (A.D.); (F.P.); (L.T.)
| | - Antonella D’Anneo
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 28, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (I.R.); (I.C.G.); (A.M.); (A.A.); (A.D.); (F.P.); (L.T.)
| | - Fanny Pojero
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 28, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (I.R.); (I.C.G.); (A.M.); (A.A.); (A.D.); (F.P.); (L.T.)
| | - Mario Allegra
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 28, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (I.R.); (I.C.G.); (A.M.); (A.A.); (A.D.); (F.P.); (L.T.)
| | - Luisa Tesoriere
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 28, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (I.R.); (I.C.G.); (A.M.); (A.A.); (A.D.); (F.P.); (L.T.)
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11
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Zhang J, Zhao Q, Qin Y, Si W, Zhang H, Zhang J. The Effect of Epimedium Isopentenyl Flavonoids on the Broiler Gut Health Using Microbiomic and Metabolomic Analyses. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087646. [PMID: 37108810 PMCID: PMC10141048 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Epimedium (EM), also known as barrenwort, is a traditional medicinal plant rich in isopentenyl flavonols, which have beneficial biological activities and can improve human and animal health, but its mechanism is still unclear. In this study, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS) and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS) were used to analyse the main components of EM, and isopentenyl flavonols such as Epimedin A, B, and C as well as Icariin were the major components of EM. Meanwhile, broilers were selected as model animals to illuminate the mechanism of Epimedium isopentenyl flavonols (EMIE) on gut health. The results showed that supplementation with 200 mg/kg EM improved the immune response, increased cecum short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and lactate concentrations, and improved nutrient digestibility in broilers. In addition, 16S rRNA sequencing showed that EMIE altered the composition of cecal microbiome, increasing the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria (Candidatus Soleaferrea and Lachbospiraceae NC2004 group and Butyricioccus) and reducing that of harmful bacteria (UBA1819, Negativibacillus, and Eisenbergiella). Metabolomic analysis identified 48 differential metabolites, of which Erosnin and Tyrosyl-Tryptophan were identified as core biomarkers. Erosnin and tyrosyl-tryptophan are potential biomarkers to evaluate the effects of EMIE. This shows that EMIE may regulate the cecum microbiota through Butyricicoccus, with changes in the relative abundance of the genera Eisenbergiella and Un. Peptostreptococcaceae affecting the serum metabolite levels of the host. EMIE is an excellent health product, and dietary isopentenyl flavonols, as bioactive components, can improve health by altering the microbiota structure and the plasma metabolite profiles. This study provides the scientific basis for the future application of EM in diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qingyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuchang Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wei Si
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Huiyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Junmin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
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12
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Tronina T, Bartmańska A, Popłoński J, Rychlicka M, Sordon S, Filip-Psurska B, Milczarek M, Wietrzyk J, Huszcza E. Prenylated Flavonoids with Selective Toxicity against Human Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087408. [PMID: 37108571 PMCID: PMC10138577 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The antiproliferative activity of xanthohumol (1), a major prenylated chalcone naturally occurring in hops, and its aurone type derivative (Z)-6,4'-dihydroxy-4-methoxy-7-prenylaurone (2) were investigated. Both flavonoids, as well as cisplatin as a reference anticancer drug, were tested in vivo against ten human cancer cell lines (breast cancer (MCF-7, SK-BR-3, T47D), colon cancer (HT-29, LoVo, LoVo/Dx), prostate cancer (PC-3, Du145), lung cancer (A549) and leukemia (MV-4-11) and two normal cell lines (human lung microvascular endothelial (HLMEC)) and murine embryonic fibroblasts (BALB/3T3). Chalcone 1 and aurone 2 demonstrated potent to moderate anticancer activity against nine tested cancer cell lines (including drug-resistant ones). The antiproliferative activity of all the tested compounds against cancer and the normal cell lines was compared to determine their selectivity of action. Prenylated flavonoids, especially the semisynthetic derivative of xanthohumol (1), aurone 2, were found as selective antiproliferative agents in most of the used cancer cell lines, whereas the reference drug, cisplatin, acted non-selectively. Our findings suggest that the tested flavonoids can be considered strong potential candidates for further studies in the search for effective anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Tronina
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C.K. Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Bartmańska
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C.K. Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jarosław Popłoński
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C.K. Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Magdalena Rychlicka
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C.K. Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Sandra Sordon
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C.K. Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Beata Filip-Psurska
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Weigla 12, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Milczarek
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Weigla 12, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Wietrzyk
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Weigla 12, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Huszcza
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C.K. Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
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13
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Kaur B, Kumar B, Sirhindi G, Guleria N, Kaur J. Phenolic Biotransformations in Wheatgrass Juice after Primary and Secondary Fermentation. Foods 2023; 12:foods12081624. [PMID: 37107419 PMCID: PMC10138189 DOI: 10.3390/foods12081624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Fermented wheatgrass juice was prepared using a two-stage fermentation process by employing Saccharomyces cerevisiae and recombinant Pediococcus acidilactici BD16 (alaD+). During fermentation, a reddish-brown hue appeared in wheatgrass juice due to production of different types of red pigments. The fermented wheatgrass juice has considerably higher content of anthocyanins, total phenols and beta-carotenes as compared to unfermented wheatgrass juice. It has low ethanol content, which might be ascribed to the presence of certain phytolignans in wheatgrass juice. Several yeast-mediated phenolic transformations (such as bioconversion of coumaric acid, hydroxybenzoic acid, hydroxycinnamic acid and quinic acid into respective derivatives; glycosylation and prenylation of flavonoids; glycosylation of lignans; sulphonation of phenols; synthesis of carotenoids, diarylnonanoids, flavanones, stilbenes, steroids, quinolones, di- and tri-terpenoids and tannin) were identified in fermented wheatgrass juice using an untargeted liquid chromatography (LC)-mass spectrometry (MS)-matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI)-time-of-flight (TOF)/time-of-flight (TOF) technique. The recombinant P. acidilactici BD16 (alaD+) also supported flavonoid and lignin glycosylation; benzoic acid, hydroxycoumaric acid and quinic acid derivatization; and synthesis of anthraquinones, sterols and triterpenes with therapeutic benefits. The information presented in this manuscript may be utilized to elucidate the importance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and P. acidilactici BD16 (alaD+) mediated phenolic biotransformations in developing functional food supplements such as fermented wheatgrass juice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baljinder Kaur
- Systems Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, Punjab, India
| | - Balvir Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Mohali 140413, Punjab, India
| | - Geetika Sirhindi
- Department of Botany, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, Punjab, India
| | - Nidhi Guleria
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, Punjab, India
| | - Jashandeep Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, Punjab, India
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14
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Albitz K, Csókás D, Dobi Z, Pápai I, Soós T. Late-Stage Formal Double C-H Oxidation of Prenylated Molecules to Alkylidene Oxetanes and Azetidines by Strain-Enabled Cross-Metathesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202216879. [PMID: 36629402 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202216879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Prenylation is a ubiquitous late-stage modification in nature that often confers significantly improved bioactivity for secondary metabolites. While this lipophilic modification renders enhanced potency, the lipophilic tag(s) can diminish bioavailability and adversely alter drug transportation and metabolism. Thus, a functional-group-tolerant, mild, and selective late-stage C-H functionalization of prenyl tags would present a great potential in drug discovery programs but could also impact other fields, such as agrochemistry and chemical biology. Herein we report an exocyclic-strain-driven cross-metathesis reaction of prenyl tags, a formal double C-H oxidation protocol, that can be used for the selective late-stage derivatization of prenylated compounds and natural products. This methodology avoids the need for prefunctionalization of target molecules and affords ready access to an unprecedented library of oxo- and aza-prenylated complex molecules. Thus, in a broader context, this methodology extends late-stage functionalization beyond that available to nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krisztián Albitz
- Organocatalysis Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 2 Magyar tudósok körútja, 1117, Budapest, Hungary.,Hevesy György PhD School of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, 1/A Pázmány Péter sétány, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dániel Csókás
- Theoretical Chemistry Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 2 Magyar tudósok körútja, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Dobi
- Organocatalysis Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 2 Magyar tudósok körútja, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Imre Pápai
- Theoretical Chemistry Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 2 Magyar tudósok körútja, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tibor Soós
- Organocatalysis Research Group, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, 2 Magyar tudósok körútja, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
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15
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Zhang X, Xie J, Cao S, Zhang H, Pei J, Bu S, Zhao L. Efficient production of the glycosylated derivatives of baicalein in engineered Escherichia coli. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:2831-2842. [PMID: 36930276 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12464-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Baicalein-7-O-glucoside and baicalein-7-O-rhamnoside have been proven to possess many pharmacological activities and are potential candidate drug leads and herb supplements. However, their further development is largely limited due to low content in host plants. Few studies reported that both bioactive plant components are prepared through the bioconversion of baicalein that is considered as the common biosynthetic precursor of both compounds. Herein, we constructed a series of the engineered whole-cell bioconversion systems in which the deletion of competitive genes and the introduction of exogenous UDP-glucose supply pathway, glucosyltransferase, rhamnosyltransferase, and the UDP-rhamnose synthesis pathway are made. Using these engineered strains, the precursor baicalein is able to be transformed into baicalein-7-O-glucoside and baicalein-7-O-rhamnoside, with high-titer production, respectively. The further optimization of fermentation conditions led to the final production of 568.8 mg/L and 877.0 mg/L for baicalein-7-O-glucoside and baicalein-7-O-rhamnoside, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, it is the highest production in preparation of baicalein-7-O-glucoside from baicalein so far, while the preparation of baicalein-7-O-rhamnoside is the first reported via bioconversion approach. Our study provides a reference for the industrial production of high-value products baicalein-7-O-glucoside and baicalein-7-O-rhamnoside using engineered E. coli. KEY POINTS: • Integrated design for improving the intracellular UDP-glucose pool • High production of rare baicalein glycosides in the engineered E. coli • Baicalein-7-O-glucoside and baicalein-7-O-rhamnoside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Zhang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Jingcong Xie
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF, Nanjing, China
| | - Shiping Cao
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Jianjun Pei
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Su Bu
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
| | - Linguo Zhao
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
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16
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Shen Y, Zhang L, Yang M, Shi T, Li Y, Li L, Yu Y, Deng H, Lin HW, Zhou Y. Switching Prenyl Donor Specificities in Squalene Synthase-Like Aromatic Prenyltransferases from Bacterial Carbazole Alkaloid Biosynthesis. ACS Chem Biol 2023; 18:123-133. [PMID: 36608315 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.2c00756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Lavanduquinocin (LDQ) is a potent neuroprotective carbazole alkaloid from Streptomyces species that features a rare cyclic monoterpene/cyclolavandulyl moiety attached to the tricyclic carbazole nucleus. We elucidated the biosynthetic logic of LDQ by enzymatically reconstituting the total biosynthetic pathway and identified the genes required for generating the cyclolavandulyl moiety in LDQ based on mutagenetic analysis, including a cyclolavandulyl diphosphate synthase gene ldqA and a squalene synthase-like aromatic prenyltransferase gene ldqG. LdqG is homologous to carbazole prenyltransferases, NzsG and CqsB4, discovered from the biosynthetic pathways of two bacterial carbazoles, neocarazostatin and carquinostatin. Based on analysis of the sequences and modeled protein structures, further in vitro and in vivo site-directed mutagenetic analyses led to identification of two residue sites, F53 and C57 in NzsG vs I54 and A58 in LdqG, which play crucial roles in governing the prenyl donor specificities toward cyclolavandulyl, dimethylallyl, and geranyl diphosphates. By applying this knowledge in strain engineering, prenyl donor delivery was rationally switched to produce the desired prenylated carbazoles. The study provides an opportunity to rationally manipulate the prenylation modification to carbazole alkaloids, which could influence the biological activities by increasing the affinity for membranes as well as the interactions with cellular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyao Shen
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Liu Zhang
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Ting Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yongzhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Lei Li
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Yi Yu
- Institute of TCM and Natural Products, Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Hai Deng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, U.K
| | - Hou-Wen Lin
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Yongjun Zhou
- Research Center for Marine Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Department of Pharmacy, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
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17
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Morimoto R, Matsubara C, Hanada A, Omoe Y, Ogata T, Isegawa Y. Effect of Structural Differences in Naringenin, Prenylated Naringenin, and Their Derivatives on the Anti-Influenza Virus Activity and Cellular Uptake of Their Flavanones. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15121480. [PMID: 36558931 PMCID: PMC9785311 DOI: 10.3390/ph15121480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccines and antiviral drugs are widely used to treat influenza infection. However, they cannot rapidly respond to drug-resistant viruses. Therefore, new anti-influenza virus strategies are required. Naringenin is a flavonoid with potential for new antiviral strategies. In this study, we evaluated the antiviral effects of naringenin derivatives and examined the relationship between their cellular uptake and antiviral effects. Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells were infected with the A/PR/8/34 strain and exposed to the compound-containing medium for 24 h. The amount of virus in the supernatant was calculated using focus-forming reduction assay. Antiviral activity was evaluated using IC50 and CC50 values. Cells were exposed to a constant concentration of naringenin or prenylated naringenin, and intracellular uptake and distribution were evaluated using a fluorescence microscope. Prenylated naringenin showed strong anti-influenza virus effects, and the amount of intracellular uptake was revealed by the strong intracellular fluorescence. In addition, intracellular distribution differed depending on the position of the prenyl group. The steric factor of naringenin is deeply involved in influenza A virus activity, and prenyl groups are desirable. Furthermore, the prenyl group affects cellular affinity, and the uptake mechanism differs depending on its position. These results provide important information on antiviral strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Morimoto
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, Mukogawa Women’s University, Nishinomiya 663-8558, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Chiaki Matsubara
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, Mukogawa Women’s University, Nishinomiya 663-8558, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Akari Hanada
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, Mukogawa Women’s University, Nishinomiya 663-8558, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yuta Omoe
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokuriku University, Kanazawa, 920-1181, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Tokutaro Ogata
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokuriku University, Kanazawa, 920-1181, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Yuji Isegawa
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, Mukogawa Women’s University, Nishinomiya 663-8558, Hyogo, Japan
- Correspondence:
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Qiu ZC, Zhang FX, Hu XL, Zhang YY, Tang ZL, Zhang J, Yang L, Wong MS, Chen JX, Xiao HH. Genistein Modified with 8-Prenyl Group Suppresses Osteoclast Activity Directly via Its Prototype but Not Metabolite by Gut Microbiota. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27227811. [PMID: 36431913 PMCID: PMC9694937 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a significant threat to human health globally. Genistein, a soy-derived isoflavone, is regarded as a promising anti-osteoporosis drug with the effects of promoting osteoblastogenesis and suppressing osteoclastogenesis. However, its oral bioavailability (6.8%) is limited by water solubility, intestinal permeability, and biotransformation. Fortunately, 8-prenelylated genistein (8PG), a derivative of genistein found in Erythrina Variegate, presented excellent predicted oral bioavailability (51.64%) with an improved osteoblastogenesis effect, although its effects on osteoclastogenesis and intestinal biotransformation were still unclear. In this study, an in vitro microbial transformation platform and UPLC-QTOF/MS analysis method were developed to explore the functional metabolites of 8PG. RANKL-induced RAW264.7 cells were utilized to evaluate the effects of 8PG on osteoclastogenesis. Our results showed that genistein was transformed into dihydrogenistein and 5-hydroxy equol, while 8PG metabolites were undetectable under the same conditions. The 8PG (10-6 M) was more potent in inhibiting osteoclastogenesis than genistein (10-5 M) and it down-regulated NFATC1, cSRC, MMP-9 and Cathepsin K. It was concluded that 8-prenyl plays an important role in influencing the osteoclast activity and intestinal biotransformation of 8PG, which provides evidence supporting the further development of 8PG as a good anti-osteoporosis agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuo-Cheng Qiu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Feng-Xiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Xue-Ling Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yang-Yang Zhang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zi-Ling Tang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Li Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Man-Sau Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), Shenzhen Research Institute of the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen, 518057, China
- Research Center for Chinese Medicine Innovation, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Jia-Xu Chen
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Correspondence: (J.-X.C.); (H.-H.X.); Tel.: +86-20-85221323 (J.-X.C.); +86-755-26737139 (H.-H.X.)
| | - Hui-Hui Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), Shenzhen Research Institute of the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen, 518057, China
- Research Center for Chinese Medicine Innovation, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Correspondence: (J.-X.C.); (H.-H.X.); Tel.: +86-20-85221323 (J.-X.C.); +86-755-26737139 (H.-H.X.)
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Guo L, Zhao W, Wang Y, Yang Y, Wei C, Guo J, Dai J, Hirai MY, Bao A, Yang Z, Chen H, Li Y. Heterologous biosynthesis of isobavachalcone in tobacco based on in planta screening of prenyltransferases. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1034625. [PMID: 36275607 PMCID: PMC9582842 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1034625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Isobavachalcone (IBC) is a prenylated chalcone mainly distributed in some Fabaceae and Moraceae species. IBC exhibits a wide range of pharmacological properties, including anti-bacterial, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer activities. In this study, we attempted to construct the heterologous biosynthesis pathway of IBC in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). Four previously reported prenyltransferases, including GuILDT from Glycyrrhiza uralensis, HlPT1 from Humulus lupulus, and SfILDT and SfFPT from Sophora flavescens, were subjected to an in planta screening to verify their activities for the biosynthesis of IBC, by using tobacco transient expression with exogenous isoliquiritigenin as the substrate. Only SfFPT and HlPT1 could convert isoliquiritigenin to IBC, and the activity of SfFPT was higher than that of HlPT1. By co-expression of GmCHS8 and GmCHR5 from Glycine max, endogenous isoliquiritigenin was generated in tobacco leaves (21.0 μg/g dry weight). After transformation with a multigene vector carrying GmCHS8, GmCHR5, and SfFPT, de novo biosynthesis of IBC was achieved in transgenic tobacco T0 lines, in which the highest amount of IBC was 0.56 μg/g dry weight. The yield of IBC in transgenic plants was nearly equal to that in SfFPT transient expression experiments, in which substrate supplement was sufficient, indicating that low IBC yield was not attributed to the substrate supplement. Our research provided a prospect to produce valuable prenylflavonoids using plant-based metabolic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lirong Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yu Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Cuimei Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jian Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianye Dai
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | | | - Aike Bao
- College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhigang Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Haijuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Animal and Plant Resources of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, China
| | - Yimeng Li
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Animal and Plant Resources of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, China
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20
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Prenylated Flavonoids in Topical Infections and Wound Healing. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144491. [PMID: 35889363 PMCID: PMC9323352 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The review presents prenylated flavonoids as potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of topical skin infections and wounds, as they can restore the balance in the wound microenvironment. A thorough two-stage search of scientific papers published between 2000 and 2022 was conducted, with independent assessment of results by two reviewers. The main criteria were an MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) of up to 32 µg/mL, a microdilution/macrodilution broth method according to CLSI (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute) or EUCAST (European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing), pathogens responsible for skin infections, and additional antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and low cytotoxic effects. A total of 127 structurally diverse flavonoids showed promising antimicrobial activity against pathogens affecting wound healing, predominantly Staphylococcus aureus strains, but only artocarpin, diplacone, isobavachalcone, licochalcone A, sophoraflavanone G, and xanthohumol showed multiple activity, including antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory along with low cytotoxicity important for wound healing. Although prenylated flavonoids appear to be promising in wound therapy of humans, and also animals, their activity was measured only in vitro and in vivo. Future studies are, therefore, needed to establish rational dosing according to MIC and MBC (minimum bactericidal concentration) values, test potential toxicity to human cells, measure healing kinetics, and consider formulation in smart drug release systems and/or delivery technologies to increase their bioavailability.
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Kimura Y, Sumiyoshi M. Two hydroxyflavanones isolated from Scutellaria baicalensis roots prevent colitis-associated colon cancer in C57BL/6 J mice by inhibiting programmed cell death-1, interleukin 10, and thymocyte selection-associated high mobility group box proteins TOX/TOX2. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 100:154076. [PMID: 35378414 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer was the second leading cause of mortality in 2019 and the number of new colorectal cancer cases was the highest in 2018 and 2019 in Japan. PURPOSE The present study investigated the inhibitory effects of 2(S)-2',5,6',7-tetrahydroxyflavanone and 2 (R), 3(R)-2',3,5,6'-7-pentahydroxyflavanone on the incidence and growth of tumors in azoxymethane (AOM) plus dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-treated mice. METHODS The intraperitoneal administration of AOM (10 mg/kg) on day 0 induced colorectal carcinogenesis. Mice were given free and unlimited access to drinking water containing 1.5% (w/v) DSS on days 5 - 8, 30 - 33, and 56 - 57. They were orally administered tetra- and penta-hydroxyflavanones (10 and 30 mg/kg) for 10, 11, and 14 days followed by discontinuation intervals of 20 and 15 days. Cytokine, chemokine, programmed cell death-1 (PD-1), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, and thymocyte selection-associated high mobility group box protein (TOX)/TOX2 expression levels were measured using their respective ELISA kits and an immunohistochemical analysis. RESULTS The number and area of tumors decreased by 60.6 and 72.9% in mice administered 10 mg/kg tetra- and pentahydroxyflavanones, respectively, with reductions of 95.0 and 87.0% in Ki-67-positive cells, 91.7 and 92.7% in COX-2-postive cells, and 83.1 and 93.8% in TOX/TOX2-positive cells, respectively, in the colon. On the other hand, two tera- and pentahydroxyflavanone had no effect on p53 (a tumor suppressor by cell cycle arrest and apoptosis)-positive cells. The administration of 10 mg/kg tetra- and pentahydroxyflavanones to AOM/DSS-treated mice also resulted in decreases of 59.5 and 42.5% in IL-10 levels and 58.1 and 93.9% in PD-1 levels, respectively, in the colon. CONCLUSION The inhibitory effects of tetra- and pentahydroxyflavanones on the growth of colon tumors in AOM/DSS-treated mice appear to be associated with decreases in the colon levels of IL-10 and PD-1 through the down-regulated expression of COX-2 and CD8+ T-cell exhaustion by TOX/TOX2 in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyuki Kimura
- Department of Functional Biomedicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon city, Ehime 791-0295, Japan.
| | - Maho Sumiyoshi
- Department of Functional Biomedicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Toon city, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
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22
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Ayala-Fuentes JC, Gallegos-Granados MZ, Villarreal-Gómez LJ, Antunes-Ricardo M, Grande D, Chavez-Santoscoy RA. Optimization of the Synthesis of Natural Polymeric Nanoparticles of Inulin Loaded with Quercetin: Characterization and Cytotoxicity Effect. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14050888. [PMID: 35631474 PMCID: PMC9147723 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14050888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Quercetin is a bioactive component that is capable of having therapeutic potential in the prevention of different noncommunicable chronic diseases (NCDs). However, it presents instability in the gastrointestinal tract in addition to low bioavailability. One way to overcome the limitations of quercetin lies in using nanotechnology for the development of nanoparticles, based on biopolymers, that are capable of being ingestible. Inulin, a fructan-type polysaccharide, acts as a delivery system for the release of quercetin in a target cell, guaranteeing the stability of the molecule. Inulin-coated quercetin nanoparticles were synthesized by the spray dryer method, and four variables were evaluated, namely inulin concentration (5–10% w/v), feed temperature (40–60 °C), inlet temperature (100–200 °C) and outlet temperature (60–100 °C). The optimal conditions were obtained at 10% w/v inulin concentration, with 45 °C feed temperature, 120 °C inlet temperature and 60 °C outlet temperature, and the nanoparticle size was 289.75 ± 16.3 nm in water. Fluorescence microscopy indicated quercetin loading in the inulin nanoparticles, with an encapsulation efficiency of approximately 73.33 ± 7.86%. Inulin-coated quercetin nanoparticles presented effects of inhibition in Caco-2 and HepG2 cells, but not in HDFa cells. The experimental data showed the potential of inulin nanoparticles as transport materials for unstable molecules, in oral administration systems, for the encapsulation, protection and release of quercetin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jocelyn C. Ayala-Fuentes
- Tecnológico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey 64849, Mexico;
| | - Melissa Zulahi Gallegos-Granados
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Tijuana 22260, Mexico; (M.Z.G.-G.); (L.J.V.-G.)
| | - Luis Jesús Villarreal-Gómez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Tijuana 22260, Mexico; (M.Z.G.-G.); (L.J.V.-G.)
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Ingeniería y Tecnología, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Tijuana 22260, Mexico
| | - Marilena Antunes-Ricardo
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, The Institute for Obesity Research, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey 64849, Mexico;
| | - Daniel Grande
- Univ Est Creteil, CNRS, Institut de Chimie et des Matériaux Paris-Est (ICMPE), 2, rue Henri Du-nant, 94320 Thiais, France;
| | - Rocio Alejandra Chavez-Santoscoy
- Tecnológico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501 Sur, Monterrey 64849, Mexico;
- Correspondence:
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23
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Synthesis of Human Phase I and Phase II Metabolites of Hop (Humulus lupulus) Prenylated Flavonoids. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12040345. [PMID: 35448532 PMCID: PMC9030851 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12040345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hop prenylated flavonoids have been investigated for their in vivo activities due to their broad spectrum of positive health effects. Previous studies on the metabolism of xanthohumol using untargeted methods have found that it is first degraded into 8-prenylnaringenin and 6-prenylnaringenin, by spontaneous cyclisation into isoxanthohumol, and subsequently demethylated by gut bacteria. Further combinations of metabolism by hydroxylation, sulfation, and glucuronidation result in an unknown number of isomers. Most investigations involving the analysis of prenylated flavonoids used surrogate or untargeted approaches in metabolite identification, which is prone to errors in absolute identification. Here, we present a synthetic approach to obtaining reference standards for the identification of human xanthohumol metabolites. The synthesised metabolites were subsequently analysed by qTOF LC-MS/MS, and some were matched to a human blood sample obtained after the consumption of 43 mg of micellarised xanthohumol. Additionally, isomers of the reference standards were identified due to their having the same mass fragmentation pattern and different retention times. Overall, the methods unequivocally identified the metabolites of xanthohumol that are present in the blood circulatory system. Lastly, in vitro bioactive testing should be applied using metabolites and not original compounds, as free compounds are scarcely found in human blood.
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Tanaka Y, Okuyama H, Nishikawa M, Ikushiro SI, Ikeda M, Ishima Y, Ukawa Y, Oe K, Terao J, Mukai R. 8-Prenylnaringenin tissue distribution and pharmacokinetics in mice and its binding to human serum albumin and cellular uptake in human embryonic kidney cells. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 10:1070-1080. [PMID: 35432956 PMCID: PMC9007292 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
8-Prenylnaringenin (8-PN), a hop flavonoid, is a promising food substance with health benefits. Compared with nonprenylated naringenin, 8-PN exhibits stronger estrogenic activity and prevents muscle atrophy. Moreover, 8-PN prevents hot flushes and bone loss. Considering that prenylation reportedly improves the bioavailability of flavonoids, we compared the parameters related to the bioavailability [pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution in C57/BL6 mice, binding affinity to human serum albumin (HSA), and cellular uptake in HEK293 cells] of 8-PN and its mother (non-prenylated) compound naringenin. C57/BL6 mice were fed an 8-PN or naringenin mixed diet for 22 days. The amount of 8-PN (nmol/g tissue) in the kidneys (16.8 ± 9.20), liver (14.8 ± 2.58), muscles (3.33 ± 0.60), lungs (2.07 ± 0.68), pancreas (1.80 ± 0.38), heart (1.71 ± 0.27), spleen (1.36 ± 0.29), and brain (0.31 ± 0.09) was higher than that of naringenin. A pharmacokinetic study in mice demonstrated that the C max of 8-PN (50 mg/kg body weight) was lower than that of naringenin; however, the plasma concentration of 8-PN 8 h after ingestion was higher than that of naringenin. The binding affinity of 8-PN to HSA and cellular uptake in HEK293 cells were higher than those of naringenin. 8-PN bioavailability features assessed in mouse or human model experiments were obviously different from those of naringenin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Tanaka
- Department of Food Science Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima University Tokushima Japan
| | - Hitomi Okuyama
- Department of Food Science Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences Tokushima University Tokushima Japan
| | - Miyu Nishikawa
- Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Engineering Toyama Prefectural University Toyama Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Ikushiro
- Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Engineering Toyama Prefectural University Toyama Japan
| | - Mayumi Ikeda
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics Institute of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima University Tokushima Japan
| | - Yu Ishima
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics Institute of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima University Tokushima Japan
| | - Yuichi Ukawa
- Healthcare SBU Business Strategy Business Planning Daicel Corporation Tokyo Japan
| | - Kenichi Oe
- Healthcare SBU Business Strategy, R&D Daicel Corporation Niigata Japan
| | - Junji Terao
- Faculty of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Konan Women's University Hyogo Japan
| | - Rie Mukai
- Department of Food Science Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Tokushima University Tokushima Japan.,Department of Food Science Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences Tokushima University Tokushima Japan
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Daniela SV, Gabriela OM, Andrea PM. A state-of-the-art review and prospective therapeutic applications of prenyl flavonoids as chemosensitizers against antifungal multidrug resistance in Candida albicans. Curr Med Chem 2022; 29:4251-4281. [PMID: 35139777 DOI: 10.2174/0929867329666220209103538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) in the opportunistic pathogen Candida albicans is defined as non-susceptibility to at least one agent in two or more drug classes. This phenomenon has been increasingly reported since the rise in the incidence of fungal infections in immunocompromised patients at the end of the last century. After the discovery of efflux pump overexpression as a principal mechanism causing MDR in Candida strains, drug discovery targeting fungal efflux transporters has had a growing impact. Chemosensitization aims to enhance azole intracellular concentrations through combination therapy with transporter inhibitors. Consequently, the use of drug efflux inhibitors combined with the antifungal agent will sensitize the pathogen. As a result, the use of lower drug concentrations will reduce possible adverse effects on the host. Through an extensive revision of the literature, this review aims to provide an exhaustive and critical analysis of the studies carried out in the past two decades, regarding the chemosensitization strategy to cope with multidrug resistance in C. albicans. This work provides a deep analysis of the research about the inhibition of drug-efflux membrane transporters by prenylated flavonoids and the interactions of these phytocompounds with azole antifungals as an approach to chemosensitize multidrug-resistant C. albicans strains. We highlight the importance of prenylflavonoids and their particular chemical and pharmacological characteristics that make them excellent candidates with therapeutic potential as chemosensitizers. Finally, we propose the need for further research of prenyl flavonoids as inhibitors of drug-efflux mediated fungal resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santi V Daniela
- Farmacognosia, Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, Haya de la torre y Medina Allende, Edificio Ciencias II, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV-CONICET), Ciudad Universitaria. X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Ortega María Gabriela
- Farmacognosia, Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, Haya de la torre y Medina Allende, Edificio Ciencias II, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV-CONICET), Ciudad Universitaria. X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Peralta Mariana Andrea
- Farmacognosia, Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, Haya de la torre y Medina Allende, Edificio Ciencias II, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV-CONICET), Ciudad Universitaria. X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
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Gomes D, Rodrigues LR, Rodrigues JL. Perspectives on the design of microbial cell factories to produce prenylflavonoids. Int J Food Microbiol 2022; 367:109588. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2022.109588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Zugravu CA, Bohiltea RE, Salmen T, Pogurschi E, Otelea MR. Antioxidants in Hops: Bioavailability, Health Effects and Perspectives for New Products. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020241. [PMID: 35204124 PMCID: PMC8868281 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hop plant (Humulus lupulus L.) has been used by humans for ages, presumably first as a herbal remedy, then in the manufacturing of different products, from which beer is the most largely consumed. Female hops cones have different useful chemical compounds, an important class being antioxidants, mainly polyphenols. This narrative review describes the main antioxidants in hops, their bioavailability and biological effects, and the results obtained by now in the primary and secondary prevention of several non-communicable diseases, such as the metabolic syndrome related diseases and oncology. This article presents in vitro and in vivo data in order to better understand what was accomplished in terms of knowledge and practice, and what needs to be clarified by additional studies, mainly regarding xantohumol and its derivates, as well as regarding the bitter acids of hops. The multiple protective effects found by different studies are hindered up to now by the low bioavailability of some of the main antioxidants in hops. However, there are new promising products with important health effects and perspectives of use as food supplements, in a market where consumers increasingly search for products originating directly from plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina-Aurelia Zugravu
- Department of Hygiene and Ecology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050463 Bucharest, Romania; or
| | - Roxana-Elena Bohiltea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; or
| | - Teodor Salmen
- Department of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, “Prof. Dr. N.C.Paulescu” National Institute of Diabetes, 030167 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-743526731
| | - Elena Pogurschi
- Faculty of Animal Productions Engineering and Management, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 57 Marasti Blvd, 011464 Bucharest, Romania; or
| | - Marina Ruxandra Otelea
- Clinical Department 5, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050463 Bucharest, Romania; or
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Zhang Y, Abe C, Ochiai K, Matsui T. Tissue Distribution of Orally Administered Prenylated Isoflavones, Glyceollins, in Sprague-Dawley Rats. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:15165-15174. [PMID: 34875172 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c05208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Apart from the physiological effects of glyceollins, information regarding their tissue distribution is scarce in the literature. Thus, the aim of this study is to clarify the distribution of glyceollins in rat organs. Glyceollins I and III were orally administered to Sprague-Dawley rats (1.0 mg/kg) with daidzein as control, and their accumulations in organs were investigated by liquid chromatography-time-of-flight/mass spectrometry (LC-TOF/MS). Glyceollins accumulated in intact and conjugated forms in circulatory organs with a Tmax of 0.5 h, in the following order of descending preference: liver, kidney, heart, lung, soleus muscle, and abdominal aorta. The accumulation of hydrophobic glyceollin I was more than 1.5 times higher than that of III. In contrast, daidzein and hydroxy equol were detected only in the liver and kidneys at lower concentrations (1/100 times) than those of glyceollins. In conclusion, prenylated isoflavones, glyceollins, were preferentially distributed in circulatory organs as intact, sulfated, or glucuronidated forms up to 6 h after the intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhang
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School of Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Chizumi Abe
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School of Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Koji Ochiai
- DAIZ Inc., 3-14-3 Minami-kumamoto, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-0812, Japan
| | - Toshiro Matsui
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School of Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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Couillaud J, Duquesne K, Iacazio G. Extension of the Terpene Chemical Space: the Very First Biosynthetic Steps. Chembiochem 2021; 23:e202100642. [PMID: 34905641 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The structural diversity of terpenes is particularly notable and many studies are carried out to increase it further. In the terpene biosynthetic pathway this diversity is accessible from only two common precursors, i. e. isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP). Methods recently developed (e. g. the Terpene Mini Path) have allowed DMAPP and IPP to be obtained from a two-step enzymatic conversion of industrially available isopentenol (IOH) and dimethylallyl alcohol (DMAOH) into their corresponding diphosphates. Easily available IOH and DMAOH analogues then offer quick access to modified terpenoids thus avoiding the tedious chemical synthesis of unnatural diphosphates. The aim of this minireview is to cover the literature devoted to the use of these analogues for widening the accessible terpene chemical space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Couillaud
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2 Marseille, CNRS UMR 7313, Av. Escadrille Normandie-Niemen, 13013, Marseille, France.,Actual address: Systems and Synthetic Biology Division, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Katia Duquesne
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2 Marseille, CNRS UMR 7313, Av. Escadrille Normandie-Niemen, 13013, Marseille, France
| | - Gilles Iacazio
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2 Marseille, CNRS UMR 7313, Av. Escadrille Normandie-Niemen, 13013, Marseille, France
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Dietary Phytoestrogens and Their Metabolites as Epigenetic Modulators with Impact on Human Health. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10121893. [PMID: 34942997 PMCID: PMC8750933 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10121893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of dietary phytoestrogens on human health has been a topic of continuous debate since their discovery. Nowadays, based on their presumptive beneficial effects, the amount of phytoestrogens consumed in the daily diet has increased considerably worldwide. Thus, there is a growing need for scientific data regarding their mode of action in the human body. Recently, new insights of phytoestrogens’ bioavailability and metabolism have demonstrated an inter-and intra-population heterogeneity of final metabolites’ production. In addition, the phytoestrogens may have the ability to modulate epigenetic mechanisms that control gene expression. This review highlights the complexity and particularity of the metabolism of each class of phytoestrogens, pointing out the diversity of their bioactive gut metabolites. Futhermore, it presents emerging scientific data which suggest that, among well-known genistein and resveratrol, other phytoestrogens and their gut metabolites can act as epigenetic modulators with a possible impact on human health. The interconnection of dietary phytoestrogens’ consumption with gut microbiota composition, epigenome and related preventive mechanisms is discussed. The current challenges and future perspectives in designing relevant research directions to explore the potential health benefits of dietary phytoestrogens are also explored.
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Abd-Alla HI, Souguir D, Radwan MO. Genus Sophora: a comprehensive review on secondary chemical metabolites and their biological aspects from past achievements to future perspectives. Arch Pharm Res 2021; 44:903-986. [PMID: 34907492 PMCID: PMC8671057 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-021-01354-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sophora is deemed as one of the most remarkable genera of Fabaceae, and the third largest family of flowering plants. The genus Sophora comprises approximately 52 species, 19 varieties, and 7 forms that are widely distributed in Asia and mildly in Africa. Sophora species are recognized to be substantial sources of broad spectrum biopertinent secondary metabolites namely flavonoids, isoflavonoids, chalcones, chromones, pterocarpans, coumarins, benzofuran derivatives, sterols, saponins (mainly triterpene glycosides), oligostilbenes, and mainly alkaloids. Meanwhile, extracts and isolated compounds from Sophora have been identified to possess several health-promising effects including anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic, antiplatelets, antipyretic, anticancer, antiviral, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-osteoporosis, anti-ulcerative colitis, antidiabetic, anti-obesity, antidiarrheal, and insecticidal activities. Herein, the present review aims to provide comprehensive details about the phytochemicals and biological effects of Sophora species. The review spotlighted on the promising phytonutrients extracted from Sophora and their plethora of bioactivities. The review also clarifies the remaining gaps and thus qualifies and supplies a platform for further investigations of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Howaida I Abd-Alla
- Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, National Research Centre, El-Bohouth Street, Giza-Dokki, 12622, Egypt.
| | - Dalila Souguir
- Institut National de Recherches en Génie Rural, Eaux et Forêts (INRGREF), Université de Carthage, 10 Rue Hédi Karray, Manzeh IV, 2080, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed O Radwan
- Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, National Research Centre, El-Bohouth Street, Giza-Dokki, 12622, Egypt.
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan.
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Shi S, Li J, Zhao X, Liu Q, Song SJ. A comprehensive review: Biological activity, modification and synthetic methodologies of prenylated flavonoids. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 191:112895. [PMID: 34403885 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Prenylated flavonoids, a unique class of flavonoids which combine a flavonoid skeleton and a lipophilic prenyl side-chain, possess great potential biological activities including cytotoxicity, anti-inflammation, anti-Alzheimer, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti-diabetes, estrogenic, vasorelaxant and enzyme inhibition. Recently, prenylated flavonoids have become an indispensable anchor for the development of new therapeutic agents, and have received increasing from medicinal chemists. The prenylated flavonoids have been outstanding developed through isolation, semi or fully synthesis in a very short period of time, which proves the great value in medicinal chemistry researches. In this review, research progress of prenylated flavonoids including natural prenylated flavonoids, structural modification, synthetic methodologies and pharmacological activities was summarized comprehensively. Furthermore, the structure-activity relationships (SARs) of prenylated flavonoids were summarized which provided a basis for the selective design and optimization of multifunctional prenylated flavonoid derivatives for the treatment of multi-factorial diseases in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaochun Shi
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Jichong Li
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Xuemei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Qingbo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China; Jilin Yizheng Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Jilin Province, Siping, 136001, China.
| | - Shao-Jiang Song
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
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Carvalho MTB, Araújo-Filho HG, Barreto AS, Quintans-Júnior LJ, Quintans JSS, Barreto RSS. Wound healing properties of flavonoids: A systematic review highlighting the mechanisms of action. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 90:153636. [PMID: 34333340 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flavonoids are a class of compounds with a wide variety of biological functions, being an important source of new products with pharmaceutical potential, including treatment of skin wounds. PURPOSE This review aimed to summarize and evaluate the evidence in the literature in respect of the healing properties of flavonoids on skin wounds in animal models. STUDY DESIGN This is a systematic review following the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. METHODS This was carried out through a specialized search of four databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Embase. The following keyword combinations were used: "flavonoidal" OR "flavonoid" OR "flavonoidic" OR "flavonoids" AND "wound healing" as well as MeSH terms, Emtree terms and free-text words. RESULTS Fifty-five (55) articles met the established inclusion and exclusion criteria. Flavonoids presented effects in respect of the inflammatory process, angiogenesis, re-epithelialization and oxidative stress. They were shown to be able to act on macrophages, fibroblasts and endothelial cells by mediating the release and expression of TGF-β1, VEGF, Ang, Tie, Smad 2 and 3, and IL-10. Moreover, they were able to reduce the release of inflammatory cytokines, NFκB, ROS and the M1 phenotype. Flavonoids acted by positively regulating MMPs 2, 8, 9 and 13, and the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK, PI3K/Akt and NO pathways. CONCLUSION Flavonoids are useful tools in the development of therapies to treat skin lesions, and our review provides a scientific basis for future basic and translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikaella T B Carvalho
- Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, Marechal Rondon Avenue, S/N, Rosa Elza, CEP: 49.000-100, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil; Health Sciences Graduate Program (PPGCS), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Heitor G Araújo-Filho
- Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, Marechal Rondon Avenue, S/N, Rosa Elza, CEP: 49.000-100, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - André S Barreto
- Health Sciences Graduate Program (PPGCS), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil; Laboratory Pharmacology Cardiovascular (LAFAC), Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Lucindo J Quintans-Júnior
- Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, Marechal Rondon Avenue, S/N, Rosa Elza, CEP: 49.000-100, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil; Health Sciences Graduate Program (PPGCS), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Jullyana S S Quintans
- Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, Marechal Rondon Avenue, S/N, Rosa Elza, CEP: 49.000-100, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil; Health Sciences Graduate Program (PPGCS), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - Rosana S S Barreto
- Laboratory of Neuroscience and Pharmacological Assays (LANEF), Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sergipe, Marechal Rondon Avenue, S/N, Rosa Elza, CEP: 49.000-100, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil; Health Sciences Graduate Program (PPGCS), Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil.
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Piao X, Byun HS, Lee SR, Ju E, Park KA, Sohn KC, Quan KT, Lee J, Na M, Hur GM. 8-Geranylumbelliferone isolated from Paramignya trimera triggers RIPK1/RIPK3-dependent programmed cell death upon TNFR1 ligation. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 192:114733. [PMID: 34411570 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling, IκB kinase (IKK) complex-mediated activation of NF-κB is a well-known protective mechanism against cell death via transcriptional induction of pro-survival genes occurring as a late checkpoint. However, recent belief holds that IKK functions as an early cell death checkpoint to suppress the death-inducing signaling complex by regulating receptor interacting protein kinase1 (RIPK1) phosphorylation. In this study, we propose that two major gernaylated 7-hydroxy coumarins, 6-geranyl-7-hydroxycoumarin (ostruthin) and 8-geranyl-7-hydroxycoumarin (8-geranylumbelliferone, 8-GU) isolated from Paramignya timera, facilitate RIPK1-dependent dual modes of apoptosis and necroptosis by targeting IKKβ upon TNF receptor1 (TNFR1) ligation. Analysis of events upstream of NF-κB revealed that 8-GU and ostruthin drastically inhibited TNF-induced IKK phosphorylation, while having no effect on TAK1 phosphorylation and TNFR1 complex-I formation. Interestingly, 8-GU did not affect the cell death induced by Fas ligand or TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand or that induced by DNA-damaging agents, indicating that 8-GU sensitizes TNF-induced cell death exclusively. Moreover, 8-GU accelerated TNF-driven necroptosis by up-regulating necrosome formation in FADD deficient cancer cells harboring RIPK3. Thus, the present study provides new insights into the molecular mechanism underlying geranylated 7-hydroxy coumarin-mediated control of the RIPK1-dependent early cell death checkpoint and suggests that 8-GU is a potential anti-cancer therapeutic via an alternative apoptosis-independent strategy to overcome TNF resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuezhe Piao
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Sun Byun
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Ra Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjin Ju
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Ah Park
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Cheol Sohn
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Khong Trong Quan
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinbae Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - MinKyun Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Gang Min Hur
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, 266 Munhwa-ro, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea.
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Ren FC, Liu L, Lv YF, Bai X, Kang QJ, Hu XJ, Zhuang HD, Yang L, Hu JM, Zhou J. Antibacterial Prenylated p-Hydroxybenzoic Acid Derivatives from Oberonia myosurus and Identification of Putative Prenyltransferases. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2021; 84:417-426. [PMID: 33492131 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c01101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Twelve hitherto unknown tandem prenylated p-hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives, namely, oberoniamyosurusins A-L, together with five known derivatives, were isolated from an EtOH extract of the whole parts of the plant Oberonia myosurus. Compounds 10, 13, and 17 exhibited moderate inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus ATCC29213 with MIC50 values ranging from 7.6 to 23 μg/mL. To determine the biosynthetic pathway of this class of tandem prenyl-substituted compounds, the full-length transcriptome of O. myosurus was sequenced, yielding 19.09 Gb of clean data and 10 949 nonredundant sequences. Two isoforms of p-hydroxybenzoic acid prenyltransferases were annotated and functionally characterized as the enzymes that might be involved in the biosynthesis of nervogenic acid (13) in Pichia pastoris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Cai Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Feng Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian-Jin Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Jing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, and School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Dan Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Liu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang-Miao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
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Zhang X, Chen X, Wang L, He C, Shi Z, Fu Q, Xu W, Zhang S, Hu S. Review of the Efficacy and Mechanisms of Traditional Chinese Medicines as a Therapeutic Option for Ionizing Radiation Induced Damage. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:617559. [PMID: 33658941 PMCID: PMC7917257 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.617559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionizing radiation damage refers to acute, delayed, or chronic tissue damage associated with ionizing radiation. Specific or effective therapeutic options for systemic injuries induced by ionizing radiation have not been developed. Studies have shown that Chinese herbal Medicine or Chinese Herbal Prescription exhibit preventive properties against radiation damage. These medicines inhibit tissue injuries and promote repair with very minimal side effects. This study reviews traditional Chinese herbal medicines and prescriptions with radiation protective effects as well as their mechanisms of action. The information obtained will guide the development of alternative radioprotectants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoying Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Changhao He
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongyu Shi
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Fu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wenhui Xu
- Beijing Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shujing Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Sumin Hu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Schultze C, Foß S, Schmidt B. 8‐Prenylflavanones through Microwave Promoted Tandem Claisen Rearrangement/6‐
endo
‐trig Cyclization and Cross Metathesis. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202001378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Schultze
- Institut für Chemie Universitaet Potsdam Karl‐Liebknecht‐Straße 24‐25, Haus 25 14476 Potsdam‐Golm Germany
| | - Stefan Foß
- Institut für Chemie Universitaet Potsdam Karl‐Liebknecht‐Straße 24‐25, Haus 25 14476 Potsdam‐Golm Germany
| | - Bernd Schmidt
- Institut für Chemie Universitaet Potsdam Karl‐Liebknecht‐Straße 24‐25, Haus 25 14476 Potsdam‐Golm Germany
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Solnier J, Fladerer JP. Flavonoids: A complementary approach to conventional therapy of COVID-19? PHYTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS : PROCEEDINGS OF THE PHYTOCHEMICAL SOCIETY OF EUROPE 2020; 20:773-795. [PMID: 32982616 PMCID: PMC7500502 DOI: 10.1007/s11101-020-09720-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19, the highly contagious novel disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, has become a major international concern as it has spread quickly all over the globe. However, scientific knowledge and therapeutic treatment options for this new coronavirus remain limited. Although previous outbreaks of human coronaviruses (CoVs) such as SARS and MERS stimulated research, there are, to date, no antiviral therapeutics available that specifically target these kinds of viruses. Natural compounds with a great diversity of chemical structures may provide an alternative approach for the discovery of new antivirals. In fact, numerous flavonoids were found to have antiviral effects against SARS-and MERS-CoV by mainly inhibiting the enzymes 3-chymotrypsin-like protease (3CLpro) and papain-like protease (PLpro). In this review, we specifically focused on the search for flavonoids, polyphenolic compounds, which are proven to be effective against human CoVs. We therefore summarized and analyzed the latest progress in research to identify flavonoids for antiviral therapy and proposed strategies for future work on medicinal plants against coronaviruses such as SARS-CoV-2. We discovered quercetin, herbacetin, and isobavachalcone as the most promising flavonoids with anti-CoV potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Solnier
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 4, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Johannes-Paul Fladerer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 4, 8010 Graz, Austria
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Lněničková K, Šadibolová M, Matoušková P, Szotáková B, Skálová L, Boušová I. The Modulation of Phase II Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes in Proliferating and Differentiated CaCo-2 Cells by Hop-Derived Prenylflavonoids. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12072138. [PMID: 32708388 PMCID: PMC7400824 DOI: 10.3390/nu12072138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Prenylflavonoids in the human organism exhibit various health-beneficial activities, although they may interfere with drugs via the modulation of the expression and/or activity of drug-metabolizing enzymes. As intestinal cells are exposed to the highest concentrations of prenylflavonoids, we decided to study the cytotoxicity and modulatory effects of the four main hop-derived prenylflavonoids on the activities and mRNA expression of the main drug-conjugating enzymes in human CaCo-2 cells. Proliferating CaCo-2 cells were used for these purposes as a model of colorectal cancer cells, and differentiated CaCo-2 cells were used as an enterocyte-like model. All the tested prenylflavonoids inhibited the CaCo-2 cells proliferation, with xanthohumol proving the most effective (IC50 8.5 µM). The prenylflavonoids modulated the activities and expressions of the studied enzymes to a greater extent in the differentiated, as opposed to the proliferating, CaCo-2 cells. In the differentiated cells, all the prenylflavonoids caused a marked increase in glutathione S-transferase and catechol-O-methyltransferase activities, while the activity of sulfotransferase was significantly inhibited. Moreover, the prenylflavonoids upregulated the mRNA expression of uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glucuronosyl transferase 1A6 and downregulated that of glutathione S-transferase 1A1/2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kateřina Lněničková
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University, Hněvotínská 3, 77515 Olomouc, Czech Republic;
| | - Michaela Šadibolová
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Heyrovského 1203, 50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (M.Š.); (P.M.); (B.S.); (L.S.)
| | - Petra Matoušková
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Heyrovského 1203, 50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (M.Š.); (P.M.); (B.S.); (L.S.)
| | - Barbora Szotáková
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Heyrovského 1203, 50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (M.Š.); (P.M.); (B.S.); (L.S.)
| | - Lenka Skálová
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Heyrovského 1203, 50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (M.Š.); (P.M.); (B.S.); (L.S.)
| | - Iva Boušová
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Heyrovského 1203, 50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic; (M.Š.); (P.M.); (B.S.); (L.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-495-067-406
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Abstract
Aromatic prenyltransferases (PTases), including ABBA-type and dimethylallyl tryptophan synthase (DMATS)-type enzymes from bacteria and fungi, play important role for diversification of the natural products and improvement of the biological activities. For a decade, the characterization of enzymes and enzymatic synthesis of prenylated compounds by using ABBA-type and DMATS-type PTases have been demonstrated. Here, I introduce several examples of the studies on chemoenzymatic synthesis of unnatural prenylated compounds and the enzyme engineering of ABBA-type and DMATS-type PTases.
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42
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Ateba SB, Mvondo MA, Djiogue S, Zingué S, Krenn L, Njamen D. A Pharmacological Overview of Alpinumisoflavone, a Natural Prenylated Isoflavonoid. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:952. [PMID: 31551770 PMCID: PMC6746831 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade, several studies demonstrated that prenylation of flavonoids enhances various biological activities as compared to the respective nonprenylated compounds. In line with this, the natural prenylated isoflavonoid alpinumisoflavone (AIF) has been explored for a number of biological and pharmacological effects (therapeutic potential). In this review, we summarize the current information on health-promoting properties of AIF. Reported data evidenced that AIF has a multitherapeutic potential with antiosteoporotic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer, estrogenic and antiestrogenic, antidiabetic, and neuroprotective properties. However, research on these aspects of AIF is not sufficient and needs to be reevaluated using more appropriate methods and methodology. Further series of studies are needed to confirm these pharmacological effects, and this review should lay the basis for the design of respective investigations. Overall, despite the drawbacks of studies recorded, AIF exhibits a potential as drug candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvin Benjamin Ateba
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Marie Alfrede Mvondo
- Research Unit of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology, Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Sefirin Djiogue
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Stéphane Zingué
- Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Higher Teachers’ Training College, University of Maroua, Maroua, Cameroon
| | - Liselotte Krenn
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dieudonné Njamen
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
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Hošek J, Leláková V, Bobál P, Pížová H, Gazdová M, Malaník M, Jakubczyk K, Veselý O, Landa P, Temml V, Schuster D, Prachyawarakorn V, Pailee P, Ren G, Zpurný F, Oravec M, Šmejkal K. Prenylated Stilbenoids Affect Inflammation by Inhibiting the NF-κB/AP-1 Signaling Pathway and Cyclooxygenases and Lipoxygenase. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019; 82:1839-1848. [PMID: 31268709 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Stilbenoids are important components of foods (e.g., peanuts, grapes, various edible berries), beverages (wine, white tea), and medicinal plants. Many publications have described the anti-inflammatory potential of stilbenoids, including the widely known trans-resveratrol and its analogues. However, comparatively little information is available regarding the activity of their prenylated derivatives. One new prenylated stilbenoid (2) was isolated from Artocarpus altilis and characterized structurally based on 1D and 2D NMR analysis and HRMS. Three other prenylated stilbenoids were prepared synthetically (9-11). Their antiphlogistic potential was determined by testing them together with known natural prenylated stilbenoids from Macaranga siamensis and Artocarpus heterophyllus in both cell-free and cell assays. The inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) was also shown by simulated molecular docking for the most active stilbenoids in order to elucidate the mode of interaction between these compounds and the enzyme. Their effects on the pro-inflammatory nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and the activator protein 1 (AP-1) signaling pathway were also analyzed. The THP1-XBlue-MD2-CD14 cell line was used as a model for determining their anti-inflammatory potential, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation of Toll-like receptor 4 induced a signaling cascade leading to the activation of NF-κB/AP-1. The ability of prenylated stilbenoids to attenuate the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) was further evaluated using LPS-stimulated THP-1 macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Karolina Jakubczyk
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnologies, Institute of Experimental Botany , Czech Academy of Sciences , Rozvojová 263 , 16502 Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Veselý
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnologies, Institute of Experimental Botany , Czech Academy of Sciences , Rozvojová 263 , 16502 Prague , Czech Republic
- Department of Quality of Agricultural Products, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources , Czech University of Life Sciences Prague , Kamýcká 129 , 16521 Prague 6-Suchdol , Czech Republic
| | - Přemysl Landa
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnologies, Institute of Experimental Botany , Czech Academy of Sciences , Rozvojová 263 , 16502 Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Temml
- Department of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy and Center for Molecular Biosciences (CMBI) , University of Innsbruck , Innrain 80-82 , 6020 Innsbruck , Austria
| | - Daniela Schuster
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry , Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg , Strubergasse 21 , 2020 Salzburg , Austria
| | | | - Phanruethai Pailee
- Chulabhorn Research Institute , Kamphaeng Phet 6 Road , Laksi, Bangkok 10210 , Thailand
| | - Gang Ren
- Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine , Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Nanchang 330004 , People's Republic of China
| | - Filip Zpurný
- Botanical Garden Teplice , J. Suka 1388/18 , 41501 Teplice , Czech Republic
| | - Michal Oravec
- Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Bělidla 986/4a , 60300 Brno , Czech Republic
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Song D, Cheng L, Zhang X, Wu Z, Zheng X. The modulatory effect and the mechanism of flavonoids on obesity. J Food Biochem 2019; 43:e12954. [PMID: 31368555 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
With the improvement of living standards, obesity has become a serious health problem all over the word. Currently, the methods and drugs for obesity treatment have some limitations and side effects. Flavonoids are active constituents with various biological activities, widely found in plants, and numerous studies have shown that flavonoids can inhibit obesity and related metabolism disorders effectively. This perspective reviews the recent progress in understanding the anti-obesity effects of flavonoids through modulating food intake, enzyme activities, nutrition absorption, adipogenesis and adipocyte lifecycle, thermogenesis, energy consumption, and intestinal microbiota. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Natural bioactive substance flavonoids have anti-obesity property, which may play a role in anti-obesity drugs or functional food without any side effects. Flavonoids can inhibit weight gain directly or through their biologically active metabolites by various potential pathways. A better understanding of the modulatory effect and the mechanism of flavonoids on obesity will allow us to better utilize flavonoids in plants to treat obesity and related metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Song
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, P.R. China
| | - Lu Cheng
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, P.R. China
| | - Zufang Wu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojie Zheng
- Department of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Wenzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou, P.R. China
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45
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Seliger JM, Martin HJ, Maser E, Hintzpeter J. Potent inhibition of human carbonyl reductase 1 (CBR1) by the prenylated chalconoid xanthohumol and its related prenylflavonoids isoxanthohumol and 8-prenylnaringenin. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 305:156-162. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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46
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Oh J, Jang CH, Kim JS. Soy-derived phytoalexins: mechanism of in vivo biological effectiveness in spite of their low bioavailability. Food Sci Biotechnol 2019; 28:1-6. [PMID: 30815288 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-018-0498-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The well-demonstrated bioefficacy of phytochemicals in spite of their paradoxically low bioavailability has long puzzled scientists. Glyceollins, a family of soy-derived phytoalexins, have been reported to exert a variety of biological effects in vitro and in vivo systems in spite of poor systemic bioavailability after oral administration, suggesting that secondary messengers generated in gastrointestinal tract would transfer signals to target organs and tissues to manifest any effect. This review focuses on the potential mechanisms of how the poorly bioavailable glyceollins could still exert in vivo biological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisun Oh
- 1School of Food Science and Biotechnology (BK21 PLUS Program), Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566 Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Ho Jang
- 1School of Food Science and Biotechnology (BK21 PLUS Program), Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566 Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Sang Kim
- 1School of Food Science and Biotechnology (BK21 PLUS Program), Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566 Republic of Korea.,2Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566 Republic of Korea
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47
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Koch K, Schulz G, Döring W, Büchter C, Havermann S, Mutiso PC, Passreiter C, Wätjen W. Abyssinone V, a prenylated flavonoid isolated from the stem bark of Erythrina melanacantha increases oxidative stress and decreases stress resistance in Caenorhabditis elegans. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 71:1007-1016. [PMID: 30793315 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.13074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recent studies showed that distinct extracts of Erythrina species used in the traditional medicine of sub-Saharan Africa are protective against stress conditions. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms as well as relevant compounds remain unclear. METHODS We used the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans to investigate compounds isolated from the stem bark of Erythrina melanacantha (abyssinone V (1), abyssinon-4'O-methylether (2), sigmoidin B-4'O-methylether (3), glabranin (4), 8-prenylnaringenin (5), citflavanone (6), exiguaflavanone (7) and homoeriodictyol (8)). Antioxidative capacity in vitro (trolox equivalent antioxidative capacity assay) and modulation of oxidative stress in vivo (2', 7'-dichlorofluorescein assay) were investigated; stress resistance was analysed using the nucleic acid stain SYTOX green. KEY FINDINGS None of the prenylated flavonoids caused protection against thermal stress; in contrast, most of the compounds (1, 4, 5, 8) decreased stress resistance. None of the compounds decreased the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, but abyssinone V (1) caused an increase in oxidative stress. In line with these results, none of these compounds showed radical-scavenging effects in vitro. CONCLUSIONS The stem bark of E. melanacantha contains various prenylated flavonoids, but no compound protected C. elegans against stress conditions. In contrast, abyssinone V increases oxidative stress and reduces stress resistance in this model organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karoline Koch
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Biofunctionality of Secondary Plant Compounds, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Gabriel Schulz
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Biofunctionality of Secondary Plant Compounds, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Wera Döring
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christian Büchter
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Biofunctionality of Secondary Plant Compounds, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Susannah Havermann
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Biofunctionality of Secondary Plant Compounds, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | | | - Claus Passreiter
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Wim Wätjen
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Biofunctionality of Secondary Plant Compounds, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
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Boozari M, Soltani S, Iranshahi M. Biologically active prenylated flavonoids from the genus Sophora and their structure-activity relationship-A review. Phytother Res 2019; 33:546-560. [PMID: 30652369 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The genus Sophora (Fabaceae) has been used in traditional medicine for years. Prenylated flavonoids are one of the constituents of Sophora species that play important roles in their biological properties. Different classes of prenylated flavonoids are produced by Sophora spp. including prenylated flavonol (e.g., sophoflavescenol), prenylated flavanone (e.g., sophoraflavanone G), prenylated flavonostilbene (e.g., alopecurones A and B), and prenylated chalcone (kuraridin). Prenylated flavonoids have a more lipophilic structure, which leads to its high affinity to the cell membranes and enhancement of the biological activity, which includes cytotoxicity, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and estrogenic activities. However, it is reported that prenylation decreases the plasma absorption but increases the tissue accumulation. The presence of the prenyl or lavandulyl groups on C8 position of flavonoids plays an important role in the biological activity. It seems that prenylated flavonoids have the potential to be developed as new drugs or supplements for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motahare Boozari
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Saba Soltani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Iranshahi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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49
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Kim ES, Jang H, Chang SY, Baek SH, Bae ON, Kim H. Total Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Sericetin for Protection against Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2018; 81:2647-2653. [PMID: 30540183 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.8b00434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A concise synthesis of sericetin (1) was performed in four steps from readily available 3- O-benzylgalangin (4), featuring electrocyclization to produce the tricyclic core and a sequential aromatic Claisen/Cope rearrangement to incorporate the 8-prenyl group of 1. In addition, the therapeutic potential of sericetin (1), isosericetin (2), and three prenylated tetracyclic synthetic intermediates (11, 12, and 14) against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity using renal tubular cells were evaluated. Compound 14 showed therapeutic potential against cisplatin-induced kidney damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Sun Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology , Hanyang University , Ansan 15588 , Republic of Korea
| | - Hongjun Jang
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (RIPST) , Ajou University , Suwon 16499 , Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Young Chang
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (RIPST) , Ajou University , Suwon 16499 , Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hoon Baek
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (RIPST) , Ajou University , Suwon 16499 , Republic of Korea
| | - Ok-Nam Bae
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology , Hanyang University , Ansan 15588 , Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoungsu Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (RIPST) , Ajou University , Suwon 16499 , Republic of Korea
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50
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Seliger JM, Cicek SS, Witt LT, Martin HJ, Maser E, Hintzpeter J. Selective Inhibition of Human AKR1B10 by n-Humulone, Adhumulone and Cohumulone Isolated from Humulus lupulus Extract. Molecules 2018; 23:E3041. [PMID: 30469331 PMCID: PMC6278539 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23113041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hop-derived compounds have been subjected to numerous biomedical studies investigating their impact on a wide range of pathologies. Isomerised bitter acids (isoadhumulone, isocohumulone and isohumulone) from hops, used in the brewing process of beer, are known to inhibit members of the aldo-keto-reductase superfamily. Aldo-keto-reductase 1B10 (AKR1B10) is upregulated in various types of cancer and has been reported to promote carcinogenesis. Inhibition of AKR1B10 appears to be an attractive means to specifically treat RAS-dependent malignancies. However, the closely related reductases AKR1A1 and AKR1B1, which fulfil important roles in the detoxification of endogenous and xenobiotic carbonyl compounds oftentimes crossreact with inhibitors designed to target AKR1B10. Accordingly, there is an ongoing search for selective AKR1B10 inhibitors that do not interact with endogeneous AKR1A1 and AKR1B1-driven detoxification systems. In this study, unisomerised α-acids (adhumulone, cohumulone and n-humulone) were separated and tested for their inhibitory potential on AKR1A1, AKR1B1 and AKR1B10. Also AKR1B10-mediated farnesal reduction was effectively inhibited by α-acid congeners with Ki-values ranging from 16.79 ± 1.33 µM (adhumulone) to 3.94 ± 0.33 µM (n-humulone). Overall, α-acids showed a strong inhibition with selectivity (115⁻137 fold) for AKR1B10. The results presented herein characterise hop-derived α-acids as a promising basis for the development of novel and selective AKR1B10-inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Moritz Seliger
- Institute of Toxicology and Pharmacology for Natural Scientists, University Medical School Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Brunswikerstr. 10, D-24105 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Serhat Sezai Cicek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Gutenbergstraße 76, D-24118 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Lydia T Witt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Gutenbergstraße 76, D-24118 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Hans-Jörg Martin
- Institute of Toxicology and Pharmacology for Natural Scientists, University Medical School Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Brunswikerstr. 10, D-24105 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Edmund Maser
- Institute of Toxicology and Pharmacology for Natural Scientists, University Medical School Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Brunswikerstr. 10, D-24105 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Jan Hintzpeter
- Institute of Toxicology and Pharmacology for Natural Scientists, University Medical School Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Brunswikerstr. 10, D-24105 Kiel, Germany.
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