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Santillan-Ramos P, Humer E, Schaffler Y, Pieh C, Probst T, Felnhofer A, Kothgassner O, Netzer I, Jesser A. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the work of clinical psychologists in Austria: results of a mixed-methods study. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1302442. [PMID: 38725952 PMCID: PMC11081068 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1302442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Clinical psychologists in Austria shouldered a large part of the massive increase in demand for mental health services caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to find out how the pandemic affected their work and to gather information on how best to support the profession in the event of a crisis. Methods N = 172 Austrian clinical psychologists participated in a cross-sectional online survey between 11 April 2022 and 31 May 2022, including both closed and open-ended questions about their work. Open-ended questions were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. A mixed-methods analysis was conducted to test correlations between the categories derived from the qualitative analysis and professional variables. Results The analyses revealed that clinical psychologists, especially those with more years of experience, perceived an increased need for clinical psychological treatment, especially for children and adolescents, a lack of coverage for clinical psychological treatment by health insurance, a change to remote treatment formats, and a number of burdens associated with complying with COVID-19 measures. Discussion Clinical psychologists reported an urgent need to increase resources in both outpatient and inpatient settings and to promote health insurance coverage. To support the clinical psychology profession in providing high-quality work in times of crisis, there is a need to facilitate more opportunities for team and peer exchange, as well as financial support in the event of loss of income.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Santillan-Ramos
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Continuing Education Krems, Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Elke Humer
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Continuing Education Krems, Krems an der Donau, Austria
- Faculty of Psychotherapy Science, Sigmund Freud University, Vienna, Austria
| | - Yvonne Schaffler
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Continuing Education Krems, Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Christoph Pieh
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Continuing Education Krems, Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Thomas Probst
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Continuing Education Krems, Krems an der Donau, Austria
- Division of Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, Paris Lodron University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Anna Felnhofer
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Allergology and Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Oswald Kothgassner
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ingeborg Netzer
- Österreichischer Arbeitskreis für Gruppentherapie und Gruppendynamik, Fachsektion Integrative Gestalt Therapy Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrea Jesser
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Continuing Education Krems, Krems an der Donau, Austria
- Faculty of Psychotherapy Science, Sigmund Freud University, Vienna, Austria
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Verbist IL, Fabian H, Huey D, Brooks H, Lovell K, Blakemore A. Exploring access and engagement with Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) services, before, during, and after the COVID-19 lockdown: A service evaluation in the Northwest of England. Psychother Res 2024; 34:216-227. [PMID: 36878217 DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2023.2184285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare clients' prevalence and explore the characteristics that predicted access and engagement with IAPT treatment before, during, and after Lockdown. We conducted a retrospective observational service evaluation, using routinely collected IAPT data from n = 13,019 clients who entered treatment between March and September in 2019, 2020, and 2021. Chi-square and multiple logistic regression were used to explore associations and potential predictors of access and engagement with IAPT treatment. The number of people accessing and engaging with IAPT treatment was significantly higher after lockdown compared to before. Unemployed clients were less likely to access treatment during and after lockdown. Yet, perinatal clients and people from a black ethnic background were more likely to access treatment during lockdown. Being young and being unemployed were predictors of treatment disengagement across all three time points, whereas perinatal clients were less likely to engage only before and during lockdown. Clients who were not prescribed medication and clients with a long-term condition were more likely to engage during lockdown. The demonstrated changes in access and engagement with IAPT treatment after the introduction of remote therapy urges the services to further consider the individual needs of specific client groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irini L Verbist
- Improving Access Psychological Therapies, Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Hannah Fabian
- Improving Access Psychological Therapies, Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Dale Huey
- Improving Access Psychological Therapies, Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Helen Brooks
- Mental Health Research Group, Jean McFarlane Building, Division of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Karina Lovell
- Improving Access Psychological Therapies, Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
- Mental Health Research Group, Jean McFarlane Building, Division of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Amy Blakemore
- Mental Health Research Group, Jean McFarlane Building, Division of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
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Raju AS, le Roux HE, Pretorius PJ, Aluko O. Psychologists' experiences with telepsychology during the COVID-19 pandemic in South Africa. Health SA 2024; 29:2392. [PMID: 38322371 PMCID: PMC10839243 DOI: 10.4102/hsag.v29i0.2392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background During the COVID-19 pandemic, South African psychologists started to use telepsychology to continue providing services. However, diverse factors may influence psychologists' decisions regarding the use of telepsychology. Aim To investigate South African psychologists' experiences with using telepsychology during the COVID-19 pandemic. Setting Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA)-registered psychologists practising in South Africa. Methods A quantitative, cross-sectional study was conducted. Psychologists were invited to complete an online survey on the REDCap platform. Convenience sampling was used for respondent selection (n = 179). The study explored demographic variables, telepsychology use, changes in psychotherapy format, guidelines, ethical considerations, training, socio-economic factors, and individual patient and psychotherapist factors. Descriptive statistics, including categorical variables (frequencies and percentages) and numerical variables (medians and percentiles) were utilised for the data analysis. A bivariate analysis with backward selection was subsequently used, and significant variables were integrated into the logistic regression model. Results Most respondents (84.8%) used telepsychology, with 72.8% considering it a positive experience. Private psychologists used electronic means for delivering services significantly more than public sector psychologists. The public sector psychologists had more challenges relating to changes in the therapeutic format, additional training requirements and technology access. Conclusion During the COVID-19 pandemic, psychologists turned to telepsychology as a valuable tool for providing services while navigating the unique challenges it presented. Contribution This study provides insights into the utility of telepsychology in the South African context during COVID-19. It underscores the experiences, importance of guidelines, and needs regarding training and technology access among psychologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne S Raju
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Helene E le Roux
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Paul J Pretorius
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Omololu Aluko
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
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Arribas-Ayllon MAM. Caring through things at a distance: Intimacy and presence in teletherapy assemblages. SOCIOLOGY OF HEALTH & ILLNESS 2024; 46:3-18. [PMID: 37314112 DOI: 10.1111/1467-9566.13685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 crisis in the UK precipitated a sharp rise in the use of remote technologies to provide therapy during the lockdown. With mental health care services migrating to devices and video-conferencing platforms, nearly all forms of therapy had become 'teletherapy'. Drawing on interviews with UK-based practitioners, this paper explores how existing ideas of intimacy and presence are challenged when care is practiced at a distance. Against the background of concerns that remote technologies erode intimacy and degrade physical presence, the argument is made that presence, distance, intimacy and control are reconfigured within mediated therapy. Analysis of practitioners' experiences of teletherapy examines the material and expressive components of 'assemblages' characterised by their stable and fluid properties. Two assemblages are identified and discussed: emergency care assemblages and assemblages of intimacy, both of which are aligned with specific sectors of mental health care. Evidence that therapeutic encounters are constrained by technologies are considered alongside the material conditions and inequalities of vulnerable groups, while assemblages with relatively stable properties are generative of new ways of relating to clients online. These findings highlight the material and expressive components of human and nonhuman assemblages that create new kinds of affective relations in distanced care.
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Conti L, Marzorati C, Grasso R, Ferrucci R, Priori A, Mameli F, Ruggiero F, Pravettoni G. Home-Based Treatment for Chronic Pain Combining Neuromodulation, Computer-Assisted Training, and Telemonitoring in Patients With Breast Cancer: Protocol for a Rehabilitative Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2023; 12:e49508. [PMID: 37971805 PMCID: PMC10690524 DOI: 10.2196/49508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic pain is a disabling symptom frequently reported in patients with breast cancer with a prevalence ranging from 25% to 60%, representing a major health issue. It has negative consequences on health status, causing psychological distress and affecting quality of life. Furthermore, the clinical management of chronic pain is often inadequate, and many patients do not benefit from the administration of pharmacological treatments. Alternative therapeutic options have been implemented to improve the psychophysical well-being of patients, including neuromodulation and complementary interventions. OBJECTIVE We aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a home care strategy combining computerized rehabilitation, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), and remote telemonitoring via a web-based platform in patients with breast cancer suffering for chronic pain. METHODS A web-based structured survey aimed at monitoring chronic pain and its effect on psychological functions will be delivered to patients with breast cancer through social media and email. In total, 42 patients with breast cancer affected by chronic pain will be recruited during the medical screening visit. The patients will be randomly divided into 3 treatment groups that will carry out either tDCS only, exercise therapy only, or a combination of both over a 3-week period. All the treatments will be delivered at the patients' home through the use of a system including a tablet, wearable inertial sensors, and a tDCS programmable medical device. Using web-based questionnaires, the perception of pain (based on the pain self-efficacy questionnaire, visual analogue scale, pain catastrophizing scale, and brief pain inventory) and psychological variables (based on the hospital and anxiety depression scale and 12-item short form survey) will be assessed at the beginning of treatment, 1 week after the start of treatment, at the end of treatment, 1 month after the start of treatment, and 3 months after the start of treatment. The system's usability (based on the mobile app rating scale and system usability scale) and its involvement in the decision-making process (based on the 9-item shared decision-making questionnaire) will be also evaluated. Finally, at the end of the treatment, a digital focus group will be conducted with the 42 patients to explore their unexpressed needs and preferences concerning treatment. RESULTS The study project is scheduled to start in June 2023, and it is expected to be completed by August 2025. CONCLUSIONS We expect that the combination of tDCS and telemedicine programs will reduce pain perceived by patients with breast cancer and improve their mental well-being more effectively than single interventions. Furthermore, we assume that this home-based approach will also improve patients' participation in routine clinical care, reducing disparities in accessing health care processes. This integrated home care strategy could be useful for patients with breast cancer who cannot find relief from chronic pain with pharmacological treatments or for those who have limited access to care due to poor mobility or geographical barriers, thus increasing the patients' empowerment and reducing health care costs. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/49508.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Conti
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Marzorati
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Grasso
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Ferrucci
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Neurophysiology Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Priori
- ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo San Paolo University Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Aldo Ravelli' Research Center for Neurotechnology and Experimental Brain Therapeutics, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Mameli
- Neurophysiology Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabiana Ruggiero
- Neurophysiology Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriella Pravettoni
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Zhang Z, Giménez Mateu LG, Fort JM. Apple Vision Pro: a new horizon in psychological research and therapy. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1280213. [PMID: 38023044 PMCID: PMC10651722 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1280213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Zhang
- Escola Tècnica Superior d' Arquitectura de Barcelona, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
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Békés V, Aafjes-van Doorn K, Luo X, Balarajan S, Hopwood CJ. Mastery of teletherapy is related to better therapeutic relationship and presence in teletherapy: the development of the teletherapy intervention scale. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1206960. [PMID: 37599754 PMCID: PMC10433166 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1206960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Providing teletherapy requires a unique therapeutic approach and mastery of the teletherapy context. We aimed to develop a self-report scale for therapeutic interventions pertinent to teletherapy, and to examine its relationship with teletherapy process variables, and therapists' attitudes towards teletherapy technology. Method A total of 839 therapists participated in a survey study that included standardized measures of therapeutic process (real relationship, working alliance, therapeutic presence), attitudes towards and intention to use teletherapy in the future, and a list of 13 teletherapy intervention items that we hypothesized to be specific to the teletherapy format. Results Twelve of the 13 teletherapy intervention items loaded on one factor, with good reliability. The 12-item Teletherapy Intervention Scale was positively related to working alliance, the real relationship, therapeutic presence in teletherapy sessions, as well as to positive attitudes towards teletherapy and intention to use teletherapy in the future. Discussion Aspects specific to the practice of teletherapy may be successfully captured by a self-report scale, and adequately navigating the challenges and opportunities of teletherapy might enhance the therapeutic process. Further studies are needed to provide additional validation of the scale, and in how to best use this Teletherapy Intervention Scale in research and clinical training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Békés
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, United States
| | | | - Xiaochen Luo
- Department of Counseling Psychology, Santa Clara University, Santa Clara, CA, United States
| | - Sanjeev Balarajan
- Department of Counseling Psychology, Santa Clara University, Santa Clara, CA, United States
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Ricks D, Brannon GE. "It's real. It's a thing:" Mental health counselors' listening exhaustion during COVID-19. QUALITATIVE RESEARCH IN MEDICINE & HEALTHCARE 2023; 7:11261. [PMID: 37692451 PMCID: PMC10483483 DOI: 10.4081/qrmh.2023.11261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Mental health counselors regularly use active listening skills to be present with each client; however, active listening may cause burnout due to high emotional labor, inadequate staffing, excessive workload, and many other issues, each of which contributes to career exits. COVID-19 exacerbated all of these factors, and-adding to already stressful conditions-most mental health professionals were forced to conduct therapy sessions via telehealth. For this study, twenty licensed mental health counselors at various stages of their careers were interviewed during the height of the pandemic to understand their experiences with the technology and other factors related to their workload during that time. Thematic qualitative analysis was used to explore effects of active listening-including requisite adjustments made for virtual therapy sessions-on counselors' emotional exhaustion and burnout levels. Results show how back-to-back, daily therapy sessions increased listening exhaustion levels and that counselors experienced both long-term and short-term listening exhaustion when utilizing telehealth due to lack of nonverbal cues and other related factors pertaining to online delivery. Implications for counselors, social workers, and other mental health professionals are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Grace Ellen Brannon
- Department of Communication, College of Liberal Arts, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
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Cavallo M, Pedroli E, Cantoia M, McGrath B, Cecchetti S. Attitudes of Mental Health Professionals towards Telepsychology during the Pandemic: A Pilot Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11111542. [PMID: 37297682 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11111542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This pilot study investigated mental health professionals' attitudes towards remote psychological consultations and internet-based interventions. METHODS An online survey in Italian and English was administered to a sample of 191 psychologists and psychotherapists to collect detailed information about their professional experience providing online psychological interventions a year and a half after the beginning of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. RESULTS The results did not reveal a statistically significant association between the participants' theoretical approaches and the number of patients treated via the online modality. Overall, most of the participants found advantages to the online setting but also noted critical issues regarding privacy and the ease of integrating new technology into their clinical practice. CONCLUSIONS According to the participants, despite the challenges that must be addressed, telehealth is a viable psychological therapeutic option that is destined to grow in importance in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Cavallo
- Faculty of Psychology, eCampus University, 22060 Novedrate, CO, Italy
- Clinical Psychology Service, Saint George Foundation, 12030 Cavallermaggiore, CN, Italy
| | - Elisa Pedroli
- Faculty of Psychology, eCampus University, 22060 Novedrate, CO, Italy
- Applied Technology for Neuropsychology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, 20135 Milan, MI, Italy
| | - Manuela Cantoia
- Faculty of Psychology, eCampus University, 22060 Novedrate, CO, Italy
| | - Breeda McGrath
- The Chicago School of Professional Psychology, Chicago, IL 60601, USA
| | - Sonja Cecchetti
- Faculty of Psychology, eCampus University, 22060 Novedrate, CO, Italy
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von Below C, Bergsten J, Midbris T, Philips B, Werbart A. It turned into something else: patients' long-term experiences of transitions to or from telepsychotherapy during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1142233. [PMID: 37251023 PMCID: PMC10213395 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1142233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The shift from in-person therapy to telepsychotherapy during the COVID-19 pandemic was unprepared for, sudden, and inevitable. This study explored patients' long-term experiences of transitions to telepsychotherapy and back to the office. Methods Data were collected approximately two years after the declaration of COVID-19 as a pandemic. Eleven patients were interviewed (nine women and two men, aged 28 to 56, six in psychodynamic psychotherapy, five in CBT). Treatments switched between in-person and video/telephone sessions. Interview transcripts were analyzed applying the qualitative methodology of inductive thematic analysis. Results (1) The patients experienced the process in telepsychotherapy as impeded. Interventions were difficult to understand and lost impact. Routines surrounding the therapy sessions were lost. Conversations were less serious and lost direction. (2) Understanding was made more difficult when the nuances of non-verbal communication were lost. (3) The emotional relationship was altered. Remote therapy was perceived as something different from regular therapy, and once back in the therapy room, the patients felt that therapy started anew. The emotional presence was experienced as weakened, but some of the patients found expressing their feelings easier in the absence of bodily co-presence. According to the patients, in-person presence contributed to their security and trust, whereas they felt that the therapists were different when working remotely, behaving in a more easygoing and familiar way, as well as more solution-focused, supportive and unprofessional, less understanding and less therapeutic. Despite this, (4) telepsychotherapy also gave the patients an opportunity to take therapy with them into their everyday lives. Discussion The results suggest that in the long run, remote psychotherapy was seen as a good enough alternative when needed. The present study indicates that format alternations have an impact on which interventions can be implemented, which can have important implications for psychotherapy training and supervision in an era when telepsychotherapy is becoming increasingly common.
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Garner AR, Stuart GL. Integrating Mindfulness and Acceptance Into Traditional Cognitive Behavioral Therapy During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Study of an Adult Man With Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Clin Case Stud 2023; 22:120-137. [PMID: 38603362 PMCID: PMC9403529 DOI: 10.1177/15346501221123568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) can be chronic and impairing, highlighting the need for effective treatments. Although Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for GAD, a number of patients continue to report GAD symptoms treatment. Integrating evidenced-based treatment components into CBT treatments, such as mindfulness- and acceptance-based treatment components found in Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), may help improve the efficacy of treatment. Emerging interventions and research suggest that the cognitive restructuring aspect of CBT and acceptance stance of ACT (e.g., cognitive defusion) can be implemented into treatment concurrently from a stance of increasing a patient's coping skills repertoire and psychological flexibility. This systemic case analysis examined the efficacy and clinical utility of integrating ACT into a manualized CBT treatment for GAD. Furthermore, this study examined treatment efficacy and therapeutic alliance as the treatment rapidly and unexpectedly transitioned from in-person to telehealth due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Pre- to post-treatment and time-series analyses showed significant decreases in anxiety symptoms, worry, depressive symptoms, and emotion dysregulation. Although there was an initial increase in depressive and anxiety symptoms, worry, and emotion dysregulation following the switch from in-person to telehealth services, these quickly subsided and resumed a downward trend. The therapeutic relationship did not deteriorate during the transition to telehealth. This case study provides evidence of feasibility and efficacy of an integrated CBT/ACT approach in treating GAD. It also suggests that despite some temporary increase in symptoms, therapeutic alliance and treatment efficacy were not impacted by the switch to telehealth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisa R. Garner
- Department of Psychology, University of
Tennessee-Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Gregory L. Stuart
- Department of Psychology, University of
Tennessee-Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
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Cataldo F, Mendoza A, Chang S, Buchanan G, Van Dam NT. Enhancing Therapeutic Processes in Videoconferencing Psychotherapy: Interview Study of Psychologists' Technological Perspective. JMIR Form Res 2023; 7:e40542. [PMID: 36927506 PMCID: PMC10019766 DOI: 10.2196/40542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic caused a surge in the use of telehealth platforms. Psychologists have shifted from face-to-face sessions to videoconference sessions. Therefore, essential information that is easily obtainable via in-person sessions may be missing. Consequently, therapeutic work could be compromised. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the videoconference psychotherapy (VCP) experiences of psychologists around the world. Furthermore, we aimed to identify technological features that may enhance psychologists' therapeutic work through augmented VCP. METHODS In total, 17 psychologists across the world (n=7, 41% from Australia; n=1, 6% from England; n=5, 29% from Italy; n=1, 6% from Mexico; n=1, 6% from Spain; and n=2, 12% from the United States) were interviewed. We used thematic analysis to examine the data collected from a sample of 17 psychologists. We applied the Chaos Theory to interpret the system dynamics and collected details about the challenges posed by VCP. For collecting further information about the technology and processes involved, we relied on the Input-Process-Output (IPO) model. RESULTS The analysis resulted in the generation of 9 themes (input themes: psychologists' attitude, trust-reinforcing features, reducing cognitive load, enhancing emotional communication, and engaging features between psychologists and patients; process themes: building and reinforcing trust, decreasing cognitive load, enhancing emotional communication, and increasing psychologist-patient engagement) and 19 subthemes. Psychologists found new strategies to deal with VCP limitations but also reported the need for more technical control to facilitate therapeutic processes. The suggested technologies (eye contact functionality, emergency call functionality, screen control functionality, interactive interface with other apps and software, and zooming in and out functionality) could enhance the presence and dynamic nature of the therapeutic relationship. CONCLUSIONS Psychologists expressed a desire for enhanced control of VCP sessions. Psychologists reported a decreased sense of control within the therapeutic relationship owing to the influence of the VCP system. Great control of the VCP system could better approximate the critical elements of in-person psychotherapy (eg, observation of body language). To facilitate improved control, psychologists would like technology to implement features such as improved eye contact, better screen control, emergency call functionality, ability to zoom in and out, and an interactive interface to communicate with other apps. These results contribute to the general perception of the computer as an actual part of the VCP process. Thus, the computer plays a key role in the communication, rather than remaining as a technical medium. By adopting the IPO model in the VCP environment (VCP-IPO model), the relationship experience may help psychologists have more control in their VCP sessions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Cataldo
- School of Computing and Information Systems, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Antonette Mendoza
- School of Computing and Information Systems, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Shanton Chang
- School of Computing and Information Systems, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - George Buchanan
- School of Computing and Information Systems, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nicholas T Van Dam
- School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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Singh J, Karanika-Murray M, Baguley T, Hudson J. Work-related experiences of mental health professionals during COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study. COUNSELLING PSYCHOLOGY QUARTERLY 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/09515070.2023.2180618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jasmeet Singh
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Maria Karanika-Murray
- Department of Work, Employment, Management and Organisations, School of Business, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Thom Baguley
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - John Hudson
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
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14
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Békés V, Aafjes-van Doorn K, Roberts KE, Stukenberg K, Prout T, Hoffman L. Adjusting to a new reality: Consensual qualitative research on therapists' experiences with teletherapy. J Clin Psychol 2023; 79:1293-1313. [PMID: 36704974 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.23477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, the use of teletherapy has become more pervasive than ever. Many therapists faced this move to a remote setting with little experience or training. We aimed to qualitatively examine therapists' subjective experience of providing teletherapy, including changes in technique, the therapeutic relationship, and the therapeutic process. METHODS Thirty-one psychotherapists participated in semistructured interviews. Interviews were recorded, then transcribed and analyzed using the Consensual Qualitative Research method. RESULTS Therapists typically reported a change in the therapeutic relationship in terms of an increased sense of disconnection as well as shifts in various aspects of the relational dynamics, and they also typically experienced differences in the therapy process due to changes in patient and therapist engagement in the therapeutic work. Additionally, some therapists also reported that they became more active and directive in sessions, took a more informal, personal, or relaxed approach to interacting with patients, and while the emotional connection changed and they missed the energy and intimacy of in-person sessions, the relationship in telesessions felt more authentic and human for some, and teletherapy also provided a way to discuss new dimensions in the process. CONCLUSION Overall, these results suggest great variability in therapists' subjective experiences with teletherapy, and present teletherapy as a distinct therapy format in many aspects. Further process-level research and subsequent training is needed to better equip therapists to navigate teletherapy's challenges and harness its unique opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Békés
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Kailey E Roberts
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Karl Stukenberg
- School of Psychology, Xavier University, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Tracy Prout
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Leon Hoffman
- New York Psychoanalytic Institute, New York, New York, USA
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15
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Petkari E, Giacco D, Calvo A. Editorial: How the COVID-19 security measures have influenced the psychological therapies procedures and therapeutic elements. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1151565. [PMID: 36910783 PMCID: PMC9992971 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1151565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Petkari
- School of Health Sciences, Universidad Internacional de La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - Domenico Giacco
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Ana Calvo
- Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Psicología Clínica, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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16
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Kearney BE, Corrigan FM, Frewen PA, Nevill S, Harricharan S, Andrews K, Jetly R, McKinnon MC, Lanius RA. A randomized controlled trial of Deep Brain Reorienting: a neuroscientifically guided treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2023; 14:2240691. [PMID: 37581275 PMCID: PMC10431732 DOI: 10.1080/20008066.2023.2240691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advanced neuroscientific insights surrounding post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and its associated symptomatology should beget psychotherapeutic treatments that integrate these insights into practice. Deep Brain Reorienting (DBR) is a neuroscientifically-guided psychotherapeutic intervention that targets the brainstem-level neurophysiological sequence that transpired during a traumatic event. Given that contemporary treatments have non-response rates of up to 50% and high drop-out rates of >18%, DBR is investigated as a putative candidate for effective treatment of some individuals with PTSD. OBJECTIVE To conduct an interim evaluation of the effectiveness of an eight-session clinical trial of videoconference-based DBR versus waitlist (WL) control for individuals with PTSD. METHOD Fifty-four individuals with PTSD were randomly assigned to DBR (N = 29) or WL (N = 25). At baseline, post-treatment, and three-month follow-up, participants' PTSD symptom severity was assessed using the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS-5). This is an interim analysis of a clinical trial registered with the U. S. National Institute of Health (NCT04317820). RESULTS Significant between-group differences in CAPS-total and all subscale scores (re-experiencing, avoidance, negative alterations in cognitions/mood, alterations in arousal/reactivity) were found at post-treatment (CAPS-total: Cohen's d = 1.17) and 3-month-follow-up (3MFU) (CAPS-total: Cohen's d = 1.18). Significant decreases in CAPS-total and all subscale scores were observed within the DBR group pre - to post-treatment (36.6% CAPS-total reduction) and pre-treatment to 3MFU (48.6% CAPS-total reduction), whereas no significant decreases occurred in the WL group. After DBR, 48.3% at post-treatment and 52.0% at 3MFU no longer met PTSD criteria. Attrition was minimal with one participant not completing treatment; eight participants were lost to 3MFU. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide emerging evidence for the effectiveness of DBR as a well-tolerated treatment that is based on theoretical advances highlighting alterations to subcortical mechanisms in PTSD and associated symptomatology. Additional research utilizing larger sample sizes, neuroimaging data, and comparisons or adjacencies with other psychotherapeutic approaches is warranted.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04317820..
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Frank M. Corrigan
- Trauma Psychotherapy Scotland, Newton Terrace, Glasgow, UK
- Department of Psychiatry, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Paul A. Frewen
- Departments of Neuroscience and Psychology, Western University, London, Canada
| | | | - Sherain Harricharan
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience, and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Krysta Andrews
- Offord Centre for Child Studies, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Rakesh Jetly
- Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Margaret C. McKinnon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Ruth A. Lanius
- Departments of Neuroscience and Psychology, Western University, London, Canada
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17
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Oudshoorn CEM, Frielink N, Riper H, Embregts PJCM. Measuring working alliance and technical alliance from the perspective of healthcare professionals working with people with mild intellectual disabilities: adaptation, factor structure and reliability. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH : JIDR 2023; 67:49-63. [PMID: 36320102 PMCID: PMC10092498 DOI: 10.1111/jir.12986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The establishment of a valuable and meaningful working alliance between people with mild intellectual disabilities (IDs) and healthcare professionals is critically important for improving both the quality of life and impact of therapy for people with mild IDs. Measuring the working alliance as a treatment or support component is therefore of utmost relevance. In light of the increased use of eHealth tools, it is also essential to measure the alliance using these tools, which is referred to as technical alliance. There was a lack of validation of these two measurements for healthcare professionals working with people with mild IDs, which this study sought to address. METHOD Both the validated Working Alliance Inventory - Short Form - MID (WAI-SF-MID) and Technical Alliance Inventory - Short Form - MID (TAI-SF-MID) for general patient populations were adapted for healthcare professionals working with people with mild IDs. A two-step approach was conducted to systematically adapt both measurements with an expert group of healthcare professionals. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to test a three-factor structure for both the WAI-SF-MID (N = 199) and the TAI-SF-MID (N = 139), and internal consistency was determined for both scales. RESULTS An acceptable-to-good model fit was found for both the WAI-SF-MID and the TAI-SF-MID; confirmatory factor analysis confirmed a three-factor model for both measurements. Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega were excellent for both total scales (≥0.90) and acceptable to good for sub-scales of both versions. CONCLUSION Both the WAI-SF-MID and the TAI-SF-MID are promising measurements for determining healthcare professionals' perspective on the (digital) working alliance with people with mild IDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. E. M. Oudshoorn
- Tranzo, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral SciencesTilburg UniversityTilburgThe Netherlands
- ASVZSliedrechtThe Netherlands
| | - N. Frielink
- Tranzo, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral SciencesTilburg UniversityTilburgThe Netherlands
| | - H. Riper
- Department of Clinical, Neuro‐ & Developmental PsychologyVrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health, Mental Health ProgramAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of PsychiatryAmsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - P. J. C. M. Embregts
- Tranzo, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral SciencesTilburg UniversityTilburgThe Netherlands
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18
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Braude G, Mohi S, Quinlan E, Shoullis A, Collison J. A change in frame and countertransference experiences: Transitioning from
face‐to‐face
to telepsychotherapy. COUNSELLING & PSYCHOTHERAPY RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/capr.12612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Braude
- Department of Psychological Science Australian College of Applied Psychology Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Simone Mohi
- Department of Psychological Science Australian College of Applied Psychology Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Elly Quinlan
- Department of Psychological Science Australian College of Applied Psychology Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Anthony Shoullis
- Department of Psychological Science Australian College of Applied Psychology Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - James Collison
- Department of Psychological Science Australian College of Applied Psychology Sydney New South Wales Australia
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19
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Erschens R, Adam SH, Weisshap C, Giel KE, Wallis H, Herrmann-Werner A, Festl-Wietek T, Mazurak N, Zipfel S, Junne F. The role of face masks within in-patient psychotherapy: Results of a survey among inpatients and healthcare professionals. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:1030397. [PMID: 36570852 PMCID: PMC9779913 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1030397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Face-to-face medical and psychotherapeutic treatments during the Corona pandemic often involve patients and health care providers wearing face masks. We performed a pilot survey assessing the subjective experience of wearing face masks during psychotherapy sessions regarding (i) feasibility, (ii) psychotherapeutic treatment and (iii) communication, emotion and working alliance in patients and healthcare professionals. Methods A total of n = 62 inpatients (RR = 95.4%) and n = 33 healthcare professionals (RR = 86.8%) at an academic department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy participated in this survey anonymously. The items of the questionnaire were created by the interprofessional expert team and were based on existing instruments: (i) the Therapeutic Relationship Questionnaire and (ii) the German translation of Yalom's Questionnaire on Experiencing in Group Psychotherapy. Results The majority of patients rate their psychotherapy as highly profitable despite the mask. In individual therapy, face masks seem to have a rather low impact on subjective experience of psychotherapy and the relationship to the psychotherapist. Most patients reported using alternative facial expressions and expressions. In the interactional group therapy, masks were rather hindering. On the healthcare professional side, there were more frequent negative associations of face masks in relation to (i) experiencing connectedness with colleagues, (ii) forming relationships, and (iii) therapeutic treatment. Discussion Information should be given to patients about the possible effects of face masks on the recognition of emotions, possible misinterpretations and compensation possibilities through alternative stimuli (e.g., eye area) and they should be encouraged to ask for further information. Especially in group therapy, with patients from other cultural backgrounds and in cases of need for help (e.g., hearing impairment) or complex disorders, appropriate non-verbal gestures and body language should be used to match the intended emotional expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Erschens
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Internal Medicine, University Medical Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sophia Helen Adam
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Internal Medicine, University Medical Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Chiara Weisshap
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Internal Medicine, University Medical Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Katrin Elisabeth Giel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Internal Medicine, University Medical Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hannah Wallis
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anne Herrmann-Werner
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Internal Medicine, University Medical Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Tübingen Institute for Medical Education, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Teresa Festl-Wietek
- Tübingen Institute for Medical Education, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Nazar Mazurak
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Internal Medicine, University Medical Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stephan Zipfel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Internal Medicine, University Medical Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Centre of Excellence for Eating Disorders Tüebingen (KOMET), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Florian Junne
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Internal Medicine, University Medical Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
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20
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Chan RCH. Dyadic associations between COVID-19-related stress and mental well-being among parents and children in Hong Kong: An actor-partner interdependence model approach. FAMILY PROCESS 2022; 61:1730-1748. [PMID: 35132637 PMCID: PMC9111617 DOI: 10.1111/famp.12760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The spread of COVID-19 and its subsequent social distancing policies have profoundly impacted the lives of parents and children. Prolonged exposure to parenting-related responsibilities and heightened levels of family conflict under stay-at-home orders coupled with reduced access to support systems and resources have rendered parents and children more prone to stress and mental health difficulties. Drawing on a transactional model of parent-child interactions, the present study applied an actor-partner interdependence model approach to examine the transactional relationship between COVID-19-related stress and mental well-being among parents and children. Data from 109 Chinese parent-child dyads in Hong Kong were included in the study. Parents and their 8- to 10-year-old children completed a questionnaire on COVID-19-related stress, parent-child relationships, and mental well-being. The results showed that 53.2% and 30.3% of the parents and children, respectively, showed poor mental well-being, indicating possible emotional problems. Both actor and partner effects of parent COVID-19-related stress were found. Parent COVID-19-related stress was indirectly related to lower levels of parent and child mental well-being, through the mediation of parent-child conflict. To facilitate psychological adjustment following the COVID-19 outbreak, effective family-based mental health and parenting interventions are needed to promote family cohesion and alleviate stress-induced psychological symptoms. Even in the time of social distancing, telepsychotherapy and other online non-psychotherapeutic interventions can serve as a valid alternative for parents and children who experience excessive distress. Implications for psychological services, family-friendly policies, and social protection measures are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randolph C. H. Chan
- Department of Special Education and CounsellingThe Education University of Hong KongTai PoHong Kong
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21
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Giordano C, Ambrosiano I, Graffeo MT, Di Caro A, Gullo S. The transition to online psychotherapy during the pandemic: a qualitative study on patients' perspectives. RESEARCH IN PSYCHOTHERAPY (MILANO) 2022; 25:638. [PMID: 36373388 PMCID: PMC9893047 DOI: 10.4081/ripppo.2022.638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has substantially increased online psychotherapies due to the impossibility of participating in vis-a-vis settings. In the last years, research about online therapy has been quickly growing. However, until now, few studies investigated patients' perspective about the transition to online psychotherapy and, specifically, no qualitative research in group therapy has been done on this topic. This study aimed to explore the experience of 51 patients (39 group patients and 12 from individual psychotherapies) who continued psychotherapy in the online setting during the COVID-19 outbreak. A structured online questionnaire with open answers investigated the following topics: setting online, effectiveness, psychotherapy relationship, specific dynamics of online psychotherapy. Patients' answers were analysed by means of Consensual Qualitative Research, modified version (CQRM), an inductive method that allows analysing a large sample and relatively brief written answers. The results show the impact of shift to online platforms on patients and explore how easy or difficult it is for them to adapt to therapeutic processes are in online therapy (vs in-person therapy), by highlighting potential barriers and resources to practice implementation. Participants' responses have been arranged into three main domains: setting online, content/effectiveness of online therapy and therapeutic relationship. A fourth domain, specific for online group therapy, collected responses referred to the changes perceived regarding the group dynamics. From the patient's perspective, online therapy is effective and satisfying. Patients perceived a positive quality of therapeutic relationship in online setting, whereas produced more controversial judgments concerned the changes due to the online setting. Finally, patients in group therapy gave more attention and importance in showing and seeing private personal spaces than the ones in individual therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Giordano
- Department of Psychology, Educational Sciences and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy,Department of Psychology, Educational Sciences and Human Movement, University of Palermo, viale delle Scienze, Edificio 15, 90128 Palermo, Italy. +39.091.23897718.
| | | | - Maria Teresa Graffeo
- Department of Psychology, Educational Sciences and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandro Di Caro
- Department of Psychology, Educational Sciences and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Salvatore Gullo
- Department of Psychology, Educational Sciences and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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22
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Keisari S, Feniger-Schaal R, Butler JD, Sajnani N, Golan N, Orkibi H. Loss, Adaptation and Growth: The Experiences of Creative Arts Therapists during the Covid-19 Pandemic. ARTS IN PSYCHOTHERAPY 2022; 82:101983. [PMID: 36373024 PMCID: PMC9635947 DOI: 10.1016/j.aip.2022.101983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020, mental health professionals have been called upon to cope with various challenges, including the shift to telehealth without prior training, overload in the workplace, increased risk of infection, and personal stressors relating to the pandemic. This article presents the qualitative findings of a larger international mixed-method study that explored the experiences of creative arts therapists around the globe during the first year of the pandemic (Feniger-Schaal et al., 2022). Twenty creative arts therapists were interviewed between July 2020 and March 2021. Transcriptions of the interviews were qualitatively analyzed through reflexive thematic analysis. Three main themes were identified: an experience of processing the losses caused by the pandemic, a restorative orientation that focused on adaptations the therapists made, and innovations that lead to personal and professional growth. Artistic engagement and creativity were found to be a resource when coping with losses and helped therapists adapt to the shift to tele-creative arts therapies (tele-CAT). Although this shift can lead to advances in the field of creative arts therapies, it requires further consideration, including the need for ethical guidelines, specific training, the development of digital methods that support the creative process, and dedicated supervision for therapists. The findings also point to the importance of psychological support to mitigate the burden therapists experience during stressful events.
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23
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Almeda N, Díaz-Milanés D, Guiterrez-Colosia MR, García-Alonso CR. A systematic review of the international evolution of online mental health strategies and recommendations during the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:621. [PMID: 36127666 PMCID: PMC9486794 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04257-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The global health crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative impact on mental health (MH). As a response to the pandemic, international agencies and governmental institutions provided an initial response to the population's needs. As the pandemic evolved, the population circumstances changed, and some of these international agencies updated their strategies, recommendations, and guidelines for the populations. However, there is currently a lack of information on the attention given to response strategies by the different countries throughout the beginning of the pandemic. OBJECTIVES 1) To evaluate the evolution of online MH strategies and recommendations of selected countries to cope with the MH impact of COVID-19 from the early stages of the pandemic (15 April 2020) to the vaccination period (9 June 2021) and 2) to review and analyse the current structures of these online MH strategies and recommendations. METHODOLOGY An adaptation of the PRISMA guidelines to review online documents was developed with a questionnaire for MH strategies and recommendations assessment. The search was conducted on Google, including documents from April 2020 to June 2021. Basic statistics and Student's t test were used to assess the evolution of the documents, while a two-step cluster analysis was performed to assess the organisation and characteristics of the most recent documents. RESULTS Statistically significant differences were found both in the number of symptoms and mental disorders and MH strategies and recommendations included in the initial documents and the updated versions generated after vaccines became available. The most recent versions are more complete in all cases. Regarding the forty-six total documents included in the review, the cluster analysis showed a broad distribution from wide-spectrum documents to documents focusing on a specific topic. CONCLUSIONS Selected governments and related institutions have worked actively on updating their MH online documents, highlighting actions related to bereavement, telehealth and domestic violence. The study supports the use of the adaptation, including the tailor-made questionnaire, of the PRISMA protocol as a potential standard to conduct longitudinal assessments of online documents used to support MH strategies and recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nerea Almeda
- Department of Psychology, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, Seville, Spain
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24
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Notermans J, Philippot P. Psychotherapy Under Lockdown: The Use and Experience of Teleconsultation by Psychotherapists During the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic. CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY IN EUROPE 2022; 4:e6821. [PMID: 36398003 PMCID: PMC9667335 DOI: 10.32872/cpe.6821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Facing the COVID-19 pandemic, some psychotherapists had to propose remote consultations, i.e., teleconsultation. While some evidence suggests positive outcomes from teleconsultation, professionals still hold negative beliefs towards it. Additionally, no rigorous and integrative practice framework for teleconsultation has yet been developed. This article aims to explore the use and experience of teleconsultation by 1) investigating differences between psychotherapists proposing and not proposing it; 2) evaluating the impact of negative attitudes towards teleconsultation on various variables; 3) determining the perceived detrimental effect of teleconsultation, as opposed to in-person, on the therapeutic relationship and personal experience; and 4) providing insights for the development of a teleconsultation practice framework. Method An online survey was distributed via different professional organisations across several countries to 246 (195 women) French-speaking psychotherapists. Results Psychotherapists who did not propose teleconsultation believed it to be more technically challenging than psychotherapists who proposed it, but felt less constrained to propose it, and had less colleagues offering it. Attitudes towards teleconsultation showed no significant associations with therapeutic relationship, personal experience, and percentage of teleconsultation. As compared to in-person, empathy, congruence, and therapeutic alliance were perceived to significantly deteriorate online, whereas work organisation was perceived to be significantly better. While most psychotherapists proposed remote consultations, they did not provide adaptations to such setting (e.g., ascertaining a neutral video background); nor used videoconferencing platforms meeting privacy and confidentiality criteria. Conclusion Training and evidenced-based information should be urgently provided to practitioners to develop rigorous guidelines and an ethically and legally safe practice framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Notermans
- Consultations Psychologiques Spécialisées, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Pierre Philippot
- Consultations Psychologiques Spécialisées, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-La-Neuve, Belgium
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25
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Zahl KE, Pedersen G, Eikenaes IUM, Stänicke LI, Wilberg T, Baltzersen ÅL, Pettersen MS, Hummelen B, Arnevik E, Johansen MS, Hartveit Kvarstein E. Avoidant and borderline personality disorder patients during the first Covid-19 wave in Norway - a survey-based comparison of therapy changes and patients' accommodations. Nord J Psychiatry 2022; 77:336-344. [PMID: 35984379 DOI: 10.1080/08039488.2022.2110614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with personality disorders (PDs) often have insecure attachment patterns and may be especially vulnerable to abrupt treatment changes. Patients with borderline PD (BPD) are often considered vulnerable to treatment interruption due to chronic fear of abandonment. Nonetheless, other PDs are poorly investigated. In the first Covid-19 wave in Norway, in-person treatment facilities and group treatments were strongly restricted from March 12th until May/June 2020. OBJECTIVES To examine and compare changes in outpatient treatment for patients with avoidant (AvPD) and BPD during the first Covid-19 wave in Norway, and patients' reactions to these changes. METHODS The study is based on a cross-sectional survey distributed to 1120 patients referred to 12 different PD treatment units on a specialist mental health service level within the Norwegian Network for Personality Disorders. The survey included questions on treatment situation, immediate reactions, and changes during the crisis. From 133 responders (response rate 12%), 40 patients reported BPD and 30 AvPD as diagnosis. RESULTS All patients were followed up from their therapist after March 12th. Almost all patients in both groups expressed satisfaction under the new circumstances. Both groups experienced the same regularity as before, but more AvPD patients reported less than weekly consultations. AvPD patients reported more negative feelings about changes in therapy, and missed the therapy and group members more than the BPD group. CONCLUSION After the lockdown, BPD patients received a closer follow-up than AvPD patients, and the latter reported more negative feelings related to change in their treatment situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kjell-Einar Zahl
- District Psychiatric Center Follo, Group Therapy Section, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Geir Pedersen
- Department for National and Regional Functions, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, NETWORK for Personality Disorders, Section for Personality Psychiatry and Specialized Treatments, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingeborg Ulltveit-Moe Eikenaes
- Department for National and Regional Functions, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, National Advisory Unit for Personality Psychiatry, Section for Personality Psychiatry and Specialized Treatments, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Line Indrevoll Stänicke
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Nic Waals Institute, Lovisenberg Deacon Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Theresa Wilberg
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department for Research and Innovation, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Section for Treatment Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Åse-Line Baltzersen
- Department for National and Regional Functions, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, National Advisory Unit for Personality Psychiatry, Section for Personality Psychiatry and Specialized Treatments, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mona Skjeklesaether Pettersen
- Department for National and Regional Functions, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, NETWORK for Personality Disorders, Section for Personality Psychiatry and Specialized Treatments, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Norwegian Centre for E-health Research, Troms, Norway
| | - Benjamin Hummelen
- Department for Research and Innovation, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Section for Treatment Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Espen Arnevik
- Department for Research and Innovation, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Section for Clinical Addiction Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Merete Selsbakk Johansen
- Department for National and Regional Functions, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Outpatient Clinic for Specialized Treatment of Personality Disorders, Section for Personality Psychiatry and Specialized Treatments, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Elfrida Hartveit Kvarstein
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department for National and Regional Functions, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Section for Personality Psychiatry and Specialized Treatments, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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26
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Pfender E, Caplan S. Nonverbal immediacy cues and impression formation in video therapy. COUNSELLING PSYCHOLOGY QUARTERLY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/09515070.2022.2105816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emily Pfender
- Department of Communication, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Scott Caplan
- Department of Communication, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
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27
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Serrano F, Nowrouzi-Kia B, Oddson B, Bishai R, Casole J, Gohar B. The Perceived Impact of COVID-19 on Functional Activities Among Canadian Education Workers: A Cross-Sectional Study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:879141. [PMID: 35832280 PMCID: PMC9271674 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.879141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This cross-sectional study examined the self-perceived impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on 2,378 education workers in Ontario, Canada, during the second wave. Methods We examined six domains of functioning as per the short version of the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule-2.0. Participants selected if their functioning had improved, remained unchanged or worsened during the pandemic for each item. Results Educational workers described a general worsening of functional activities since the beginning of the pandemic. Moderate-to-extreme challenges were reported for all six functional domains. These challenges appeared to aggravate functional challenges for workers with disability, as indicated by pre-existing work accommodations. Older participants reported worse mobility than younger participants; however, they appeared to have better coping skills in learning new tasks and maintaining friendships. Women were more likely to report difficulties in maintaining household responsibilities. Conclusions We consider the role of mental health challenges and pre-existing inequality as predictors of pandemic-related difficulties. Recommendations include more longitudinal research in this population and policymakers to incorporate a health promotion lens to support their education workers more proactively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances Serrano
- Department of Psychology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Behdin Nowrouzi-Kia
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Centre for Research in Occupational Safety and Health, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON, Canada
| | - Bruce Oddson
- School of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON, Canada
| | - Rita Bishai
- Department of Psychology, University of Wilfred Laurier, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Jennifer Casole
- Department of Special Education, Loretto College, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Basem Gohar
- Department of Psychology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
- Centre for Research in Occupational Safety and Health, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON, Canada
- Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
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28
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da Silva GCL, Rossato L, Correia‐Zanini M, Scorsolini‐Comin F. Online group interventions for mental health promotion of college students: Integrative review. COUNSELLING & PSYCHOTHERAPY RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/capr.12561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucas Rossato
- University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing Ribeirão Preto Brazil
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29
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Better than expected: client and clinician experiences of videoconferencing therapy (VT) during the COVID-19 pandemic. COGNITIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPIST 2022. [DOI: 10.1017/s1754470x22000125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Videoconferencing therapy (VT) has been an emerging medium of psychological therapy, and during the COVID-19 pandemic there has been substantial growth in its usage as a result of home working. However, there is a paucity of research into client and clinician perceptions of VT. This study sought to assess client and staff experiences of VT. This mixed methods study produced both quantitative and qualitative data. Seven clients who had previously received VT and 11 psychotherapists who had previously delivered VT were recruited from two NHS sites. Clients and psychotherapists took part in qualitative interviews which were analysed using thematic analysis. Quantitative surveys were developed based on themes generated from the interviews and were completed by 172 clients and 117 psychotherapists. These were analysed using simple percentages. VT often exceeded client and psychotherapist expectations and overall experiences of VT were generally positive, although there were mixed findings regarding the therapeutic alliance. Several barriers to VT were cited, such as IT issues, and challenges identified in conducting behavioural experiments, and potential exclusion of certain populations were also cited. The medium of VT was received well by both clients and clinicians, with advantages around convenience seemingly outweighing losses in quality of therapeutic relationship. Future research should focus on overcoming barriers to accessing VT in populations prone to digital exclusion. NHS services not currently employing VT may wish to reconsider their stance, expanding choice of therapy delivery and improving accessibility.
Key learning aims
(1)
To gain insight into client and clinician experiences of VT during the COVID-19 pandemic.
(2)
To assess the acceptability and feasibility of VT within two NHS short-term psychological support services.
(3)
To identify barriers and facilitators to the implementation of VT within two NHS short-term psychological support services.
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30
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Milosevic I, Cameron DH, Milanovic M, McCabe RE, Rowa K. Face-to-face versus Video Teleconference Group Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Anxiety and Related Disorders: A Preliminary Comparison. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY. REVUE CANADIENNE DE PSYCHIATRIE 2022; 67:391-402. [PMID: 34159838 PMCID: PMC9065489 DOI: 10.1177/07067437211027319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Telehealth is being increasingly incorporated into the delivery of mental health care and has received widespread attention during the COVID-19 pandemic for its ability to facilitate care during physical distancing restrictions. Videoconferencing is a common telehealth modality for delivering psychotherapy and has demonstrated similar outcomes to those of face-to-face therapy. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is the most common psychotherapy evaluated across various telehealth modalities; however, studies on CBT delivered via videoconference, particularly in a group therapy format, are lacking. Further, little research exists on videoconference group CBT for anxiety disorders. Accordingly, the present study compared the outcomes of group CBT for anxiety and related disorders delivered via videoconference versus face-to-face. METHOD Using a non-randomized design, data on attendance, dropout, clinical outcomes, and functional impairment were collected from 413 adult outpatients of a tertiary care anxiety disorders clinic who attended a CBT group for panic disorder/agoraphobia, social anxiety disorder, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), or obsessive-compulsive disorder delivered either face-to-face (pre-COVID-19 pandemic) or via videoconference (since the onset of COVID-19 pandemic). Outcomes were assessed using well-validated self-report measures. Data were collected pre-treatment, across 12 weekly sessions, and post-treatment. Intent-to-treat analyses were applied to symptom outcome measures. RESULTS Face-to-face CBT conferred only a slight benefit over videoconference CBT for symptom outcomes across all groups, but when assessed individually, only the GAD group showed greater symptom improvement in the face-to-face format. Effect sizes for significant differences between the delivery formats were small. Participants in videoconference groups tended to have slightly higher attendance rates in some instances, whereas functional improvement and treatment dropout were comparable across the delivery formats. CONCLUSIONS Results provide preliminary evidence that videoconference group CBT for anxiety and related disorders may be a promising and effective alternative to face-to-face CBT. Additional research is needed to establish equivalence between these delivery formats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Milosevic
- Anxiety Treatment and Research Clinic, 25479St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Duncan H Cameron
- Anxiety Treatment and Research Clinic, 25479St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Melissa Milanovic
- Anxiety Treatment and Research Clinic, 25479St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Randi E McCabe
- Anxiety Treatment and Research Clinic, 25479St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Karen Rowa
- Anxiety Treatment and Research Clinic, 25479St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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31
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Mendes-Santos C, Nunes F, Weiderpass E, Santana R, Andersson G. Understanding Mental Health Professionals' Perspectives and Practices Regarding the Implementation of Digital Mental Health: Qualitative Study. JMIR Form Res 2022; 6:e32558. [PMID: 35412459 PMCID: PMC9044148 DOI: 10.2196/32558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the potential of digital mental health to provide cost-effective mental health care, its adoption in clinical settings is limited, and little is known about the perspectives and practices of mental health professionals regarding its implementation or the factors influencing these perspectives and practices. OBJECTIVE This study aims to characterize in depth the perspectives and practices of mental health professionals regarding the implementation of digital mental health and explore the factors affecting such perspectives and practices. METHODS A qualitative study using in-depth semistructured interviews with Portuguese mental health professionals (N=13)-psychologists and psychiatrists-was conducted. The transcribed interviews were thematically analyzed. RESULTS Mental health professionals deemed important or engaged in the following practices during the implementation of digital mental health: indication evaluation, therapeutic contract negotiation, digital psychological assessment, technology setup and management, and intervention delivery and follow-up. Low-threshold accessibility and professionals' perceived duty to provide support to their clients facilitated the implementation of digital mental health. Conversely, the lack of structured intervention frameworks; the unavailability of usable, validated, and affordable technology; and the absence of structured training programs inhibited digital mental health implementation by mental health professionals. CONCLUSIONS The publication of practice frameworks, development of evidence-based technology, and delivery of structured training seem key to expediting implementation and encouraging the sustained adoption of digital mental health by mental health professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Mendes-Santos
- Department of Culture and Society, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- NOVA National School of Public Health, Public Health Research Centre, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Fraunhofer Portugal AICOS, Porto, Portugal
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | | | | | - Rui Santana
- NOVA National School of Public Health, Public Health Research Centre, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Gerhard Andersson
- Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Psychiatry Section, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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32
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Sánchez-Guarnido AJ, Lucena V, Torrent A, Bosa L, Martinez-López V, Cuartiles-Berenguer A, Batalla I. Mental Health Day Hospitals and Lockdown Due to COVID-19 in Spain. Front Psychol 2022; 13:769015. [PMID: 35401338 PMCID: PMC8984755 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.769015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has forced changes in patient care in Mental Health Day Hospitals (MHDHs). Objectives To study the interventions performed in MHDHs during the pandemic in comparison with those performed in other facilities and to analyze the new hospital admissions in both groups. Method A retrospective multicenter cohort study comparing the interventions received by a group of 161 patients admitted in MHDHs during the lockdown period in Spain with the interventions of another group of 109 patients who were treated at other facilities during lockdown. Results MHDHs reduced their face-to-face interventions during lockdown just as much as other facilities but implemented telematic intervention methods to a greater extent. Patients attached to MHDHs during lockdown were admitted significantly less and presented fewer urgent consultations in the following 6 months. Conclusion The use of telepsychiatry made it feasible to adapt MHDHs to periods of lockdown, being useful to improve the continuity of care during the pandemic. In addition, it was possible to maintain a reduction in hospital admissions in patients treated at MHDHs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Laura Bosa
- Santa Maria University Hospital, Lleida, Spain
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33
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Gately ME, Muccini S, Eggleston BA, McLaren JE. Program Evaluation of My Life, My Story: Virtual Storytelling in the COVID-19 Age. Clin Gerontol 2022; 45:195-203. [PMID: 34219605 DOI: 10.1080/07317115.2021.1931610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES COVID-19 negatively affected older adults' well-being and quality of life, particularly individuals with dementia. My Life, My Story (MLMS) was developed at Veterans Health Administration as an opportunity for Veterans to interact and share life stories using guided interviews. This paper describes a program evaluation of MLMS delivered to Veterans with cognitive concerns and their caregivers using telehealth technology during COVID-19. METHODS Fourteen Veteran-caregiver dyads completed MLMS interviews with occupational therapy trainees using telehealth technology. Most (10 of 14) participating Veterans had mild-to-moderate dementia. Trainees ascertained Veteran and caregiver demographics such as age and recent cognitive evaluation scores via chart review. Trainees also gathered Veteran-caregiver technology and interview experience through post-interview program evaluation questionnaires. RESULTS Dyads reported generally positive interview and technological experience, despite technological glitches occurring in most (approximately 70%) interviews. Caregivers assisted with videoconferencing setup and participated in ten interviews. CONCLUSIONS Veterans with cognitive concerns successfully participated in virtual MLMS interviews during COVID-19. Caregivers enhanced Veteran engagement and often provided technological support. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Telehealth technology enabled participation in My Life, My Story by individuals with cognitive concerns and their caregivers. Post pandemic, clinicians may consider integrating telehealth technology with patients facing access challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E Gately
- New England Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Bedford Health Care System, Bedford, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sarah Muccini
- New England Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Bedford Health Care System, Bedford, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Occupational Therapy, Tufts University, Medford, MA
| | - Brady A Eggleston
- New England Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Bedford Health Care System, Bedford, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Occupational Therapy, Tufts University, Medford, MA
| | - Jaye E McLaren
- New England Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Bedford Health Care System, Bedford, Massachusetts, USA
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34
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Lau JSP, Lai SMK, Ip FTS, Wong PWC, Team WC, Servili C, Salomone E, Pacione L, Shire S, Brown FL. Acceptability and feasibility of the World Health Organization's Caregiver Skills Training Programme (WHO CST) delivered via eLearning, videoconferencing, and in-person hybrid modalities in Hong Kong. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:915263. [PMID: 36172515 PMCID: PMC9511500 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.915263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Local children with developmental disabilities were deprived of learning opportunities due to recent social and health incidents, resulting in elevating challenging behaviors and familial conflicts. This study explored the acceptability and feasibility of the World Health Organization's Caregiver Skills Training Programme (WHO CST) in alternative delivery modes under new normal and post COVID-19 period. METHOD CST was delivered via eLearning (EL), videoconferencing (VC), and in-person hybrid (IP) modes to 34 parent-child dyads, being randomly assigned to modes of asynchronous non-interfering EL (n = 9), synchronous with online coaching VC (n = 7), synchronous with in-person coaching IP (n = 9) and Wait-list Control WLC (n = 9). Data from two standardized scales of General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), and Post-session and Home Visit Feedback Form by Caregivers that included both structured and open-ended questions were collected before and after intervention. Both quantitative and qualitative approaches were used in studying the collected data. RESULTS High levels of acceptability and feasibility of the training programme were supported by ratings on comprehensiveness and relevance, agreement with their personal values, duration, and usefulness. IP and VC groups yielded more positive changes than EL and WLC groups with 3, 16, 13, and -3% in General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), -13, -15, -6 and 0% in Difficulties-total, and 36.5, 35.5, 5.8 and 2.4% in Prosocial Scale at Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) for EL, VC, IP, and WLC groups respectively from baseline to 12 weeks after intervention. Results from two standardized scales echoed with qualitative observations that the programme helped improve caregivers' well-being, child's communication, and behaviors across intervention groups. CONCLUSIONS Current findings revealed that CST delivered in three alternative modes were acceptable and feasible, and yielded positive impacts toward both caregivers and children. In-person coaching, and skill-practicing sessions were effective in mitigating child's challenging behaviors while personal interaction, either face-to-face or virtual, is a significant factor in uplifting caregivers' well-being, whereas the self-learning model was appreciated by the busy caregivers. In clinical practice, needs and goals of families and the constraints of remote interventions at the settings should be balanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet Siu-Ping Lau
- The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,WHO CST Regional Technical Focal Point, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Who Cst Team
- Department of Mental Health and Substance Use, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Chiara Servili
- Department of Mental Health and Substance Use, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Erica Salomone
- Department of Mental Health and Substance Use, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.,The University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Pacione
- Department of Mental Health and Substance Use, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.,Division of Child and Youth Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Felicity L Brown
- Research and Development Department, War Child Holland, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Amsterdam Institute of Social Science Research, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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35
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Kaptan SK, Varese F, Yilmaz B, Andriopoulou P, Husain N. Protocol of a feasibility trial for an online group parenting intervention with an integrated mental health component for parent refugees and asylum-seekers in the United Kingdom: (LTP + EMDR G-TEP). SAGE Open Med 2021; 9:20503121211067861. [PMID: 34992783 PMCID: PMC8724986 DOI: 10.1177/20503121211067861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Conflicts expose families to a range of factors that could have a negative impact upon parental mental health which in turn leads to poor growth and development of children. Early support can improve parental mental health and parenting behaviours but currently, there is a lack of evidence on parenting interventions for forcibly displaced populations. This study aims to deliver an online parenting intervention with a mental health component for refugee and asylum-seeker parents to evaluate its feasibility and acceptability. METHODS This is a single-arm trial without a control group. The trial aims to recruit 14 refugee and asylum-seeker parents into an Online Learning Through Play and Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing Group Traumatic Episode Protocol (LTP + EMDR G-TEP). The intervention will be delivered by trained research team members using online platforms. RESULTS The participants' sense of parenting competence, symptoms of traumatic stress, anxiety and depression will be measured at baseline and post-intervention. Semi-structured interviews at post-intervention will also be conducted. DISCUSSION This study will assess the feasibility and inform the design of a future randomized controlled trial which aims to evaluate the effectiveness of LTP + EMDR G-TEP intervention for parent refugees and asylum-seekers with young children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safa Kemal Kaptan
- School of Health Sciences, Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Filippo Varese
- School of Health Sciences, Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Betul Yilmaz
- School of Health Sciences, Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Nusrat Husain
- School of Health Sciences, Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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36
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Békés V, Aafjes-van Doorn K, McCollum J, Prout TR, Hoffman L. The development of a self-report scale to assess therapists' acceptance of telepsychotherapy. J Clin Psychol 2021; 78:1240-1260. [PMID: 34897674 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.23289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to develop a self-report measure of therapist acceptance of telepsychotherapy based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) framework. METHODS Using a cross-sectional survey design, 1265 therapists completed the UTAUT-T, as well as additional questions. RESULTS Confirmatory analysis indicated that the original UTAUT model did not fit the therapist context well. Exploratory factor analysis specified a better-fitting five-factor model, which showed good internal validity fit (χ2 = 17,753.36, RMSEA = 0.063, TLI = 0.886, SRMSR = 0.04). The five UTAUT-T subscales showed high internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.86) and together predicted the intention to use online therapy in the future (R2 = 0.42, F(5, 1259) = 181.9, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The 21-item UTAUT-T offers a promising self-report measure of therapist acceptance of telepsychotherapy and intention towards using it in the future. Future studies on the convergent and predictive validity of the UTAUT-T are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Békés
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, United States, USA
| | | | - James McCollum
- San Francisco Psychotherapy Research Group, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Tracy R Prout
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, United States, USA
| | - Leon Hoffman
- New York Psychoanalytic Society and Institute, New York, New York, USA
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37
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Stefan R, Mantl G, Höfner C, Stammer J, Hochgerner M, Petersdorfer K. Remote Psychotherapy During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Experiences With the Transition and the Therapeutic Relationship. A Longitudinal Mixed-Methods Study. Front Psychol 2021; 12:743430. [PMID: 34899484 PMCID: PMC8651537 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.743430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: Research conducted prior to the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic indicates that remote psychotherapy is as effective as in-person treatment. At that time, it usually was the therapist's individual choice to work remotely, whereas the pandemic pushed psychotherapists, including previous skeptics, to incorporate remote work methods into their routine due to limited face-to-face contact. There is little knowledge of the way therapists experienced this sudden and forced transition to remote psychotherapy as the only treatment option. The present study aims to assess psychotherapists' experience and proficiency delivering remote psychotherapy as well as to investigate perceived changes in the psychotherapeutic relationship. Methods: An online survey was administered to psychotherapists of the Austrian Association for Group Therapy and Group Dynamics (ÖAGG). Three test periods (t) were set (t1: April, 2020 with N = 175; t2: May-June, 2020 with N = 177; t3: November-December, 2020 with N = 113). Research was conducted longitudinally using a mixed-methods research design. Results: While psychotherapists' levels of experience with telephone-based psychotherapy remained similar across all test periods, they became slightly more experienced using video therapy over the test period observed. However, they continued to feel less experienced compared to the use of telephone-based psychotherapy. The therapeutic relationship appeared to improve over the course of the first two test periods, while the third period showed a slight decline. No general deterioration of the psychotherapeutic relationship was found in the timespan studied. Conclusion: Despite many challenges and concerns, psychotherapists seem to adapt and enhance their skills in remote psychotherapy over time. The present paper confirms and enhances previous findings in the field due to its longitudinal approach. Remote psychotherapy can be a credible and trustworthy alternative to in-person treatment to be adopted and implemented on principle by a majority of psychotherapists regardless of their orientation. Furthermore, it sheds light on chances, problems und general observations regarding the comprehensive provision of remote psychotherapy in a pandemic situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Stefan
- Österreichischer Arbeitskreis für Gruppentherapie und Gruppendynamik, Vienna, Austria
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38
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Békés V, Aafjes‐van Doorn K, Zilcha‐Mano S, Prout T, Hoffman L. Psychotherapists' acceptance of telepsychotherapy during the COVID-19 pandemic: A machine learning approach. Clin Psychol Psychother 2021; 28:1403-1415. [PMID: 34723404 PMCID: PMC8652775 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to develop predictive models of three aspects of psychotherapists' acceptance of telepsychotherapy (TPT) during the COVID-19 pandemic, attitudes towards TPT technology, concerns about using TPT technology and intention to use TPT technology in the future. METHOD Therapists (n = 795) responded to a survey about their TPT experiences during the pandemic, including quality of the therapeutic relationship, professional self-doubt, vicarious trauma and TPT acceptance. Regression decision tree machine learning analyses were used to build prediction models for each of three aspects of TPT acceptance in a training subset of the data and subsequently tested in the remaining subset of the total sample. RESULTS Attitudes towards TPT were most positive for therapists who reported a neutral or strong online working alliance with their patients, especially if they experienced little professional self-doubt and were younger than 40 years old. Therapists who were most concerned about TPT were those who reported higher levels of professional self-doubt, particularly if they also reported vicarious trauma experiences. Therapists who reported low working alliance with their patients were least likely to use TPT in the future. Performance metrics for the decision trees indicated that these three models held up well in an out-of-sample dataset. CONCLUSIONS Therapists' professional self-doubt and the quality of their working alliance with their online patients appear to be the most pertinent factors associated with therapists' acceptance of TPT technology during COVID-19 and should be addressed in future training and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Békés
- Ferkauf Graduate School of PsychologyYeshiva UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | | | | | - Tracy Prout
- Ferkauf Graduate School of PsychologyYeshiva UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Leon Hoffman
- New York Psychoanalytic InstituteNew YorkNew YorkUSA
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Mancinelli E, Gritti ES, Schiano Lomoriello A, Salcuni S, Lingiardi V, Boldrini T. How Does It Feel to Be Online? Psychotherapists' Self-Perceptions in Telepsychotherapy Sessions During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Italy. Front Psychol 2021; 12:726864. [PMID: 34539529 PMCID: PMC8446272 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.726864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims: The COVID-19 pandemic and consequent extreme restrictions imposed by governments across the world forced psychotherapists to abruptly change their working modality. The first aim of the current study was to assess psychotherapists’ self-perceptions (i.e., affective and cognitive perceptions about their self and their self in relation to clients) when providing telepsychotherapy during the first peak of the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy. The second aim was to explore the associations between psychotherapists’ self-perceptions, characteristics, and clinical practices. Method: An online survey was administered to 281 Italian licensed psychotherapists (Mage=45.15; SD=10.2; 83.6% female) between April 5 and May 10, 2020. The survey comprised ad-hoc questions that were designed to collect sociodemographic details and information related to working practices. Moreover, a semantic differential (SD) scale was developed to assess psychotherapists’ self-perceptions, and a factor analysis was performed from the SD items. Results: The SD scale showed an overall trend of positive psychotherapist self-perception during telepsychotherapy, despite reports of greater fatigue and directive and talkative behavior during sessions. Four SD factors accounted for 45% of the variance: “Affective Availability,” “Attitude Predisposition,” “Well-being,” and “Interventionism.” Scores on the first three factors were indicative of psychotherapists’ Positive vs. Negative self-perception. A comparison of the Positive and Negative attitudinal profiles using the chi-squared test with Yates’s correction and a Monte Carlo simulation found that psychotherapists with a Positive profile reported greater satisfaction with the telematic modality and were more likely to perceive that their clients were able to maintain privacy during sessions. Conclusion: The results suggest that Italian psychotherapists have been able to promptly adapt to the imposed telematic modality during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, they may have attempted to compensate for their physical distance from clients by intervening more during sessions. These findings may support psychotherapists who are currently practicing and inform future practitioners who are considering the use of telematic treatment as a routine component of psychotherapeutic care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Mancinelli
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Emanuela S Gritti
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Salcuni
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Vittorio Lingiardi
- Department of Dynamic and Clinic Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Tommaso Boldrini
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Yang XJ, Wang XQ, Liu JP, Lai SH, Liu M, Ye B. The Perceived Broad Group Emotional Climate Scale: Development and Validation With Chinese Community Residents and University Students. Front Psychol 2021; 12:686734. [PMID: 34512444 PMCID: PMC8424200 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.686734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Perceived broad group emotional climate (PBGEC) is a perceived meso-environment emotion, which refers to individuals’ perceptions and experiences of the emotion climate when interacting with group members in daily life, and is not derived from individuals’ own emotions. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a PBGEC scale (PBGECS) for Chinese community residents and university students. A total of 1,408 residents from Chongqing completed the survey of PBGECS, the present social attitude scale, the future social expectations scale, and the social wellbeing scale, which constituted Sample 1; A total of 607 college students from Nanchang completed the survey of PBGECS and the Positive and Negative Affect Scale, which constituted Sample 2. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a two-factor structure, including positive PBGEC (PBGEC-P) and negative PBGEC (PBGEC-N). Internal consistency was strong for each factor and the full-scale (α ≥ 0.83). Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the correlated two-factor model of PBGEC and the four-factor model (including PBGEC-P, PBGEC-N, individual positive affect, and individual negative affect) demonstrated the best fit to the data, which supported the structural validity of the PBGECS. The interpretive validity, cultural validity, and population validity of the scale were also proved by examining the relationship between PBGEC and socioeconomic status, social attitude, and social wellbeing, respectively. The results show that the PBGECS demonstrated satisfactory reliability and validity, which can be used to assesses the perceived emotion climate of an individual’s surrounding environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Juan Yang
- School of Psychology, Center for Mental Health Education and Research, Institute of Psychological Technology Application, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xin-Qiang Wang
- School of Psychology, Center for Mental Health Education and Research, Institute of Psychological Technology Application, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jian-Ping Liu
- School of Psychology, Center for Mental Health Education and Research, Institute of Psychological Technology Application, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Song-Hai Lai
- School of Marxism, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Mingfan Liu
- School of Psychology, Center for Mental Health Education and Research, Institute of Psychological Technology Application, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Baojuan Ye
- School of Psychology, Center for Mental Health Education and Research, Institute of Psychological Technology Application, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
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Resilience, Psychological Well-Being and Daily Functioning Following Hospitalization for Respiratory Distress Due to SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9091161. [PMID: 34574935 PMCID: PMC8471260 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9091161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has affected people's psychological well-being, and hospitalized patients could face an even greater risk of psychological distress. We aimed to study resilience in recovered COVID-19 patients after hospital discharge. We recruited 50 patients (38 males, aged 28-77) who were hospitalized for COVID-19 between March and April 2020. Participants underwent a psychological assessment 5 months after hospital discharge. We administered the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-25), Beck's Depression inventory-II (BDI-II), and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Y-form (STAI). We also evaluated the impact of persisting physical, behavioral, and cognitive symptoms on resilience. Patients reported low resilience in the months following hospital discharge (CD-RISC-25 score [mean ± SD] = 55.82 ± 20.76), compared to data from studies on the general population. Lower resilience was associated with mood disturbances in the months following clinical recovery (p = 0.005), persisting fatigue (p = 0.015), sleep changes (p = 0.046), and subjective cognitive complaints (p < 0.05). Recovered COVID-19 patients exhibit low resilience following hospital discharge, which affects psychological well-being. The presence of persisting symptoms following hospital discharge affects psychological resilience. Interventions tailored to increase resilience should be considered to improve quality of life for recovered COVID-19 patients.
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Oudshoorn CEM, Frielink N, Riper H, Embregts PJCM. Experiences of therapists conducting psychological assessments and video conferencing therapy sessions with people with mild intellectual disabilities during the COVID-19 pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2021; 69:350-358. [PMID: 37025338 PMCID: PMC10071960 DOI: 10.1080/20473869.2021.1967078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Background. Due to the restrictive measures introduced to tackle the COVID-19 pandemic, therapists working with people with mild intellectual disabilities have had to use video conferencing to continue to conduct their psychological assessments and therapy sessions. This qualitative study explored therapists' experiences of using video conferencing during the initial lockdown period in the Netherlands. Method. In total, seven therapists working at a service organisation supporting people with intellectual disabilities participated in this qualitative study (M = 34.4 years; SD = 6.0, range: 26-42). The therapists documented their experiences via audio recordings, which were subsequently analysed using thematic analysis. Results. Five themes emerged: 1) An immediate transition to virtual working; 2) Developing virtual ways to support service users in both coping with COVID-19 related stress and with continuing therapy; 3) Lacking the appropriate equipment; 4) Limitations in virtually attuning to people with mild intellectual disabilities; and 5) Unforeseen opportunities for distance-based psychological assessments and therapy. Conclusions. This study provides valuable insights into the experiences of therapists using video conferencing to support people with mild intellectual disabilities during the COVID-19 pandemic. These insights can help inform clinical practice with respect to the use of video conferencing for psychological assessment and therapy with people with mild intellectual disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathelijn E. M. Oudshoorn
- Tranzo, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
- ASVZ, Sliedrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Noud Frielink
- Tranzo, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Heleen Riper
- Department of Clinical, Neuro & Developmental Psychology, VU Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Petri J. C. M. Embregts
- Tranzo, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
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Allen JG, Romate J, Rajkumar E. Mindfulness-based positive psychology interventions: a systematic review. BMC Psychol 2021; 9:116. [PMID: 34362457 PMCID: PMC8344333 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-021-00618-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There are hundreds of mindfulness-based interventions in the form of structured and unstructured therapies, trainings, and meditation programs, mostly utilized in a clinical rather than a well-being perspective. The number of empirical studies on positive potentials of mindfulness is comparatively less, and their known status in academia is ambiguous. Hence, the current paper aimed to review the studies where mindfulness-based interventions had integrated positive psychology variables, in order to produce positive functioning. Methods Data were obtained from the databases of PubMed, Scopus, and PsycNet and manual search in Google Scholar. From the 3831 articles, irrelevant or inaccessible studies were eliminated, reducing the number of final articles chosen for review to 21. Interventions that contribute to enhancement of eudaimonia, hedonia, and other positive variables are discussed. Results Findings include the potential positive qualities of MBIs in producing specific positive outcomes within limited circumstances, and ascendancy of hedonia and other positive variables over eudaimonic enhancement. Conclusion In conclusion, exigency of modifications in the existing MBIs to bring about exclusively positive outcomes was identified, and observed the necessity of novel interventions for eudaimonic enhancement and elevation of hedonia in a comprehensive manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua George Allen
- Department of Psychology, School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Central University of Karnataka, Kalaburagi, India.
| | - John Romate
- Department of Psychology, School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Central University of Karnataka, Kalaburagi, India
| | - Eslavath Rajkumar
- Department of Psychology, School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Central University of Karnataka, Kalaburagi, India
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A Virtual Reality-Based Self-Help Intervention for Dealing with the Psychological Distress Associated with the COVID-19 Lockdown: An Effectiveness Study with a Two-Week Follow-Up. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18158188. [PMID: 34360479 PMCID: PMC8346162 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18158188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of a novel self-administered at-home daily virtual reality (VR)-based intervention (COVID Feel Good) for reducing the psychological burden experienced during the COVID-19 lockdown in Italy. A total of 40 individuals who had experienced at least two months of strict social distancing measures followed COVID Feel Good between June and July 2020 for one week. Primary outcome measures were depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms, perceived stress levels, and hopelessness. Secondary outcomes were the experienced social connectedness and the level of fear experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic. Linear mixed-effects models were fitted to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention. Additionally, we also performed a clinical change analysis on primary outcome measures. As concerning primary outcome measures, participants exhibited improvements from baseline to post-intervention for depression levels, stress levels, general distress, and perceived stress (all p < 0.05) but not for the perceived hopelessness (p = 0.110). Results for the secondary outcomes indicated an increase in social connectedness from T0 to T1 (p = 0.033) but not a significant reduction in the perceived fear of coronavirus (p = 0.412). Among these study variables, these significant improvements were maintained from post-intervention to the 2-week follow-up (p > 0.05). Results indicated that the intervention was associated with good clinical outcomes, low-to-no risks for the treatment, and no adverse effects or risks. Globally, evidence suggests a beneficial effect of the proposed protocol and its current availability in 12 different languages makes COVID Feel Good a free choice for helping individuals worldwide to cope with the psychological distress associated with the COVID-19 crisis, although large scale trials are needed to evaluate its efficacy.
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Bertuzzi V, Semonella M, Bruno D, Manna C, Edbrook-Childs J, Giusti EM, Castelnuovo G, Pietrabissa G. Psychological Support Interventions for Healthcare Providers and Informal Caregivers during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review of the Literature. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18136939. [PMID: 34203529 PMCID: PMC8297206 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18136939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare providers and informal caregivers were at an increased risk of adverse mental health effects. This systematic review provides a summary of the available evidence on the content and efficacy of the psychological support interventions in increasing mental health among healthcare providers and informal caregivers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: PubMed, Google Scholar, PsychINFO, and Scopus databases were systematically searched for relevant articles, and the methodological quality of selected articles was assessed using the Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies. Results: A search of electronic databases identified five reports based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. All psychological support interventions for caregivers were delivered digitally. Despite the large heterogeneity of the selected studies, the findings support the efficacy of mental health interventions in reducing distress and burnout, while promoting self-efficacy and well-being in both healthcare providers and informal caregivers. Conclusion: Since mental health problems are expected to increase during, and as a result of, the COVID-19 pandemic, and digital tools might offer a range of mental health treatments to meet the unique and immediate needs of people, further research is needed to test the cost-effectiveness of digital psychological interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Bertuzzi
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, 20123 Milan, Italy; (V.B.); (D.B.); (C.M.); (G.C.)
| | | | - Denise Bruno
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, 20123 Milan, Italy; (V.B.); (D.B.); (C.M.); (G.C.)
| | - Chiara Manna
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, 20123 Milan, Italy; (V.B.); (D.B.); (C.M.); (G.C.)
| | - Julian Edbrook-Childs
- Evidence-Based Practices Unit, University College London and Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families, London N1 6EB, UK;
| | - Emanuele M. Giusti
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, 20123 Milan, Italy; (V.B.); (D.B.); (C.M.); (G.C.)
- Psychology Research Laboratory, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, 20145 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: (E.M.G.); (G.P.)
| | - Gianluca Castelnuovo
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, 20123 Milan, Italy; (V.B.); (D.B.); (C.M.); (G.C.)
- Psychology Research Laboratory, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, 20145 Milan, Italy
| | - Giada Pietrabissa
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, 20123 Milan, Italy; (V.B.); (D.B.); (C.M.); (G.C.)
- Psychology Research Laboratory, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, 20145 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: (E.M.G.); (G.P.)
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Tohme P, De Witte NAJ, Van Daele T, Abi-Habib R. Telepsychotherapy During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Experience of Lebanese Mental Health Professionals. JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PSYCHOTHERAPY 2021; 51:349-355. [PMID: 33903776 PMCID: PMC8060337 DOI: 10.1007/s10879-021-09503-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has taken the mental health system by surprise, with the state of lockdown forcing businesses to close their doors, including many mental health services. This has driven many psychotherapists and other mental health professionals towards telepsychotherapy, relying on online consultations to provide continuity of care. However, the adoption of telepsychotherapy required major adaptations from both mental health professionals and patients. This study set out to explore the predictors of the use of online consultations and the perceived level of comfort using telepsychotherapy in a sample of 73 Lebanese mental health professionals. Data was collected via online dissemination of a survey. Results show that 82% of participants made use of online consultations in the past few days, reflecting the adaptation of Lebanese mental health professionals to the atypical newly imposed situation triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic and its consequent lockdown. Having previous experience in the use of online consultations and perceived level of telepresence were significant predictors of the level of comfort of mental health professionals in the execution online consultations. We suggest that more awareness and trainings are required around the practice of telepsychotherapy outside the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Tohme
- Department of Social Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nele A. J. De Witte
- Expertise Unit Psychology, Technology & Society, Thomas More University of Applied Sciences, Mechelen, Belgium
| | - Tom Van Daele
- Expertise Unit Psychology, Technology & Society, Thomas More University of Applied Sciences, Mechelen, Belgium
| | - Rudy Abi-Habib
- Department of Social Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
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Will We Ever Again Conduct in-Person Psychotherapy Sessions? Factors Associated with the Decision to Provide in-Person Therapy in the Age of COVID-19. JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PSYCHOTHERAPY 2021; 51:265-272. [PMID: 33746247 PMCID: PMC7954695 DOI: 10.1007/s10879-021-09492-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has forced a new reality on the delivery of psychotherapeutic services. Therapists have had to rapidly adapt to telehealth therapy using various video conferencing technologies while working from spaces that were not necessarily designed for delivering therapy sessions. While COVID-19 continues to be present in therapists’ lives and shapes how they provide services, answering the question of whether to meet with clients in person again is a decision laden with complexity and ambivalence. In this mixed-method study, surveys with 169 therapists and interviews with 17 therapists were used to determine the factors that currently influence their attitudes toward resuming traditional in-person psychotherapy in light of COVID-19. We focused on the therapists’ personal and professional characteristics to assess their plans to continue with telepsychotherapy or return to a traditional psychotherapy setting. Our findings suggest that positive attitudes toward telepsychotherapy, the lack of an effective vaccine, clients’ satisfaction with telepsychotherapy, insurance reimbursement for telepsychotherapy, and negative attitudes toward wearing masks during sessions influenced therapists’ decisions on whether or not to return to traditional in-person psychotherapy in the age of COVID-19.
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Wang X, Gordon RM, Snyder EW. Comparing Chinese and US practitioners' attitudes towards teletherapy during the COVID-19 pandemic. Asia Pac Psychiatry 2021; 13:e12440. [PMID: 33108828 PMCID: PMC7645928 DOI: 10.1111/appy.12440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The China American Psychoanalytic Alliance (CAPA) has been offering psychoanalytic psychotherapy training and treatment to Chinese mental health professionals entirely over the Internet since 2006. When the COVID-19 pandemic began, most practitioners worldwide had to turn to teletherapy. US psychoanalytic practitioners were more negative towards teletherapy than those from other theoretical orientations. We predicted that CAPA practitioners as compared to US psychoanalytic practitioners would be more prepared for teletherapy services during the pandemic, since they their training and treatment had been on-line. METHOD We compared survey results from 164 CAPA practitioners with 165 US psychoanalytic practitioners (matched for age) who had recently psychoanalytically treated a patient on-line. CAPA participants were recruited from CAPA email lists and the US sample were recruited from the Society for Psychoanalysis and Psychoanalytic Psychology of the American Psychological Association, the American Psychoanalytic Association and International Psychotherapy Institute. RESULTS CAPA practitioners as compared to US psychoanalytic practitioners had more positive opinions about teletherapy before the pandemic; had more positive opinions about teletherapy during the pandemic; and had more positive opinions about the effectiveness of teletherapy in working with transference, relational issues and resistance. The CAPA practitioners were more prepared to do psychoanalytic psychotherapy during the pandemic than the US psychoanalytic practitioners. DISCUSSION Xiubing Wang discusses these findings in terms of her own experience as a CAPA graduate and treater before, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic in China.
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Priori A, Baisi A, Banderali G, Biglioli F, Bulfamante G, Canevini MP, Cariati M, Carugo S, Cattaneo M, Cerri A, Chiumello D, Colosio C, Cozzolino M, D'Arminio Monforte A, Felisati G, Ferrari D, Gambini O, Gardinali M, Marconi AM, Olivari I, Orfeo NV, Opocher E, Pietrogrande L, Previtera A, Rossetti L, Vegni E, Toschi V, Zuin M, Centanni S. The Many Faces of Covid-19 at a Glance: A University Hospital Multidisciplinary Account From Milan, Italy. Front Public Health 2021; 8:575029. [PMID: 33490013 PMCID: PMC7820812 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.575029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In March 2020, northern Italy became the second country worldwide most affected by Covid-19 and the death toll overtook that in China. Hospital staff soon realized that Covid-19 was far more severe than expected from the few data available at that time. The Covid-19 pandemic forced hospitals to adjust to rapidly changing circumstances. We report our experience in a general teaching hospital in Milan, the capital of Lombardy, the most affected area in Italy. First, we briefly describe Lombardy's regional Covid-19-related health organizational changes as well as general hospital reorganization. We also provide a multidisciplinary report of the main clinical, radiological and pathological Covid-19 findings we observed in our patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Priori
- Neurology, Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo University Hospital, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan Medical School, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Baisi
- Thoracic Surgery, Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo University Hospital, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan Medical School, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Banderali
- Pediatrics, Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo University Hospital, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan Medical School, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Biglioli
- Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo University Hospital, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan Medical School, Milan, Italy
| | - Gaetano Bulfamante
- Pathology, Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo University Hospital, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan Medical School, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Paola Canevini
- Pediatric Neuropsychiatry, Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo University Hospital, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan Medical School, Milan, Italy
| | - Maurizio Cariati
- Radiology Unit, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Carugo
- From the Units of Cardiology, Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo University Hospital, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan Medical School, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Cattaneo
- Internal Medicine, Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo University Hospital, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan Medical School, Milan, Italy
| | - Amilcare Cerri
- Dermatology, Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo University Hospital, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan Medical School, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Chiumello
- Intensive Care, Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo University Hospital, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan Medical School, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Colosio
- Workers' Health, Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo University Hospital, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan Medical School, Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Cozzolino
- Nephrology & Dialysis, Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo University Hospital, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan Medical School, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonella D'Arminio Monforte
- Infectious Disease, Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo University Hospital, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan Medical School, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Felisati
- Otorhinolaryngology, Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo University Hospital, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan Medical School, Milan, Italy
| | - Daris Ferrari
- Oncology Unit, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milan, Italy
| | - Orsola Gambini
- Psychiatry, Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo University Hospital, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan Medical School, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Gardinali
- Emergency Unit, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Marconi
- Obstetrics & Gynecology, Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo University Hospital, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan Medical School, Milan, Italy
| | - Isotta Olivari
- Neurology, Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo University Hospital, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan Medical School, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Vincenzo Orfeo
- Strategic Hospital Management, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Opocher
- Surgery, Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo University Hospital, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan Medical School, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Pietrogrande
- Orthopedy & Traumatology, Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo University Hospital, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan Medical School, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonino Previtera
- Rehabilitation, Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo University Hospital, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan Medical School, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Rossetti
- Surgical Ophthalmology, Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo University Hospital, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan Medical School, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Vegni
- Clinical Psychology, Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo University Hospital, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan Medical School, Milan, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Toschi
- Transfusion Unit, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Zuin
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo University Hospital, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan Medical School, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Centanni
- Respiratory Medicine, Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo University Hospital, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan Medical School, Milan, Italy
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Holland M, Hawks J, Morelli LC, Khan Z. Risk Assessment and Crisis Intervention for Youth in a Time of Telehealth. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 25:12-26. [PMID: 33425481 PMCID: PMC7786878 DOI: 10.1007/s40688-020-00341-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
For the last decade, there has been growing concern regarding the rising rates of youth engagement in self-injury and suicide. The worldwide outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has elevated these concerns due to increased risk factors pertaining to social, family, economic, and health stressors, in addition to changes to typical routines and support systems. Unfortunately, there are many barriers to at-risk youth being able to access evidence-based mental health services including cost, lack of trained providers, transportation issues, and physical distancing due to the pandemic. Providing school-based prevention and intervention programs that promote social, emotional, and behavioral well-being helps to address many of these barriers. This article highlights important considerations to providing these services in a school-based telehealth modality. Symptom clusters that put youth at risk of harm to self are described. Best practice therapeutic modalities that can be disseminated in a school-based telehealth modality, such as cognitive behavior therapy, dialectical behavior therapy, and mindfulness-based approaches, are reviewed. Although there is growing empirical literature for these school-based prevention and intervention approaches, additional research is needed to determine how to best support at-risk youth remotely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Holland
- California State University, Sacramento, Sacramento, CA USA
- Sacramento, USA
| | - Jessica Hawks
- School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO USA
| | | | - Zainab Khan
- California State University, Sacramento, Sacramento, CA USA
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