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Kasahara C, Tamura T, Wakai K, Tamada Y, Kato Y, Kubo Y, Okada R, Nagayoshi M, Hishida A, Imaeda N, Goto C, Otonari J, Ikezaki H, Nishida Y, Shimanoe C, Oze I, Koyanagi YN, Nakamura Y, Kusakabe M, Nishimoto D, Shimoshikiryo I, Suzuki S, Watanabe M, Ozaki E, Omichi C, Kuriki K, Takashima N, Miyagawa N, Arisawa K, Katsuura-Kamano S, Takeuchi K, Matsuo K. Association between consumption of small fish and all-cause mortality among Japanese: the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort Study. Public Health Nutr 2024; 27:e135. [PMID: 38698584 PMCID: PMC11148834 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980024000831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although small fish are an important source of micronutrients, the relationship between their intake and mortality remains unclear. This study aimed to clarify the association between intake of small fish and all-cause and cause-specific mortality. DESIGN We used the data from a cohort study in Japan. The frequency of the intake of small fish was assessed using a validated FFQ. The hazard ratio (HR) and 95 % confidence interval (CI) for all-cause and cause-specific mortality according to the frequency of the intake of small fish by sex were estimated using a Cox proportional hazard model with adjustments for covariates. SETTING The Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort Study. PARTICIPANTS A total of 80 802 participants (34 555 males and 46 247 females), aged 35-69 years. RESULTS During a mean follow-up of 9·0 years, we identified 2482 deaths including 1495 cancer-related deaths. The intake of small fish was statistically significantly and inversely associated with the risk of all-cause and cancer mortality in females. The multivariable-adjusted HR (95 % CI) in females for all-cause mortality according to the intake were 0·68 (0·55, 0·85) for intakes 1-3 times/month, 0·72 (0·57, 0·90) for 1-2 times/week and 0·69 (0·54, 0·88) for ≥ 3 times/week, compared with the rare intake. The corresponding HR (95 % CI) in females for cancer mortality were 0·72 (0·54, 0·96), 0·71 (0·53, 0·96) and 0·64 (0·46, 0·89), respectively. No statistically significant association was observed in males. CONCLUSIONS Intake of small fish may reduce the risk of all-cause and cancer mortality in Japanese females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinatsu Kasahara
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takashi Tamura
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kenji Wakai
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yudai Tamada
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yasufumi Kato
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoko Kubo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Rieko Okada
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mako Nagayoshi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Asahi Hishida
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Nahomi Imaeda
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Wellness, Shigakkan University, Obu, Japan
- Department of Public Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Chiho Goto
- Department of Public Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Health and Nutrition, School of Health and Human Life, Nagoya Bunri University, Inazawa, Japan
| | - Jun Otonari
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ikezaki
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Comprehensive General Internal Medicine, Kyushu University Faculty of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Nishida
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | | | - Isao Oze
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuriko N Koyanagi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yohko Nakamura
- Cancer Prevention Center, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
| | - Miho Kusakabe
- Cancer Prevention Center, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
| | - Daisaku Nishimoto
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Ippei Shimoshikiryo
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
- Environmental Epidemiology Section, Health and Environmental Risk Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Sadao Suzuki
- Department of Public Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Miki Watanabe
- Department of Public Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Etsuko Ozaki
- Department of Epidemiology for Community Health and Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Chie Omichi
- Department of Epidemiology for Community Health and Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki, Japan
| | - Kiyonori Kuriki
- Laboratory of Public Health, Division of Nutritional Sciences, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Takashima
- Department of Epidemiology for Community Health and Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Naoko Miyagawa
- Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kokichi Arisawa
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Sakurako Katsuura-Kamano
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Kenji Takeuchi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of International and Community Oral Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
- Division for Regional Community Development, Liaison Center for Innovative Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, Japan
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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Singha S, Kumar S, Gogoi K, Saharia PK, Dutta R, Patowary AN, Baishya S, Bhagawati K, Bordoloi B, Sarma DK. Can sympathetic induction be a convenient technique for breeding Amblypharyngodon mola (Hamilton, 1822)? Anim Reprod Sci 2024; 264:107473. [PMID: 38626644 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
Mola carplet (Amblypharyngodon mola) is one of the most popular small fish species of the Indian subcontinent. There are limited studies on captive breeding of this species, which is important for aquaculture and the conservation prospects of this species. The conventional induced breeding method using an inducing agent (GnRHa and dopamine antagonist) is one of the most effective and prevalent methods of breeding fish. It is a laborious and time-consuming process, particularly in mass fish breeding and in lieu of that, a less time-consuming method - sympathetic induction of the broodstock, is used in some regions of India, particularly in big carp fish. However, this method has not been reported in commercial-scale breeding of small indigenous fish species. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to compare the spawning efficiency of Amblypharyngodon mola bred by sympathetic induction with the conventional complete induced breeding method. The spawning performance in terms of latency period, relative fecundity, fertilization rate, incubation period, and hatching rates of sympathetically induced Amblypharyngodon mola were compared to completely induced Amblypharyngodon mola brooders. Although the latency period (7.8 hrs), relative fecundity (39 nos./g), fertilization rates (81.61%) and spawning efficiency coefficient (0.681) were better in conventionally induced fish, but lower post-spawning mortality (1.29%) and better hatching rates (86.21%) were observed in sympathetically induced fish. The results indicate that quality offspring of Amblypharyngodon mola could be obtained in terms of survivability through sympathetic breeding. Sympathetic induction breeding could be a cost-effective, convenient, time-saving method of mass-scale breeding and aquaculture of Amblypharyngodon mola.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanayaima Singha
- College of Fisheries, Assam Agricultural University, Raha, Nagaon, Assam 782103, India
| | - Shivendra Kumar
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Dholi, Muzaffarpur, Bihar 843121, India
| | | | - Pabitra Kumar Saharia
- College of Fisheries, Assam Agricultural University, Raha, Nagaon, Assam 782103, India
| | - Rajdeep Dutta
- College of Fisheries, Assam Agricultural University, Raha, Nagaon, Assam 782103, India
| | | | - Sangipran Baishya
- College of Fisheries, Assam Agricultural University, Raha, Nagaon, Assam 782103, India
| | - Kaustubh Bhagawati
- College of Fisheries, Assam Agricultural University, Raha, Nagaon, Assam 782103, India
| | - Biswajyoti Bordoloi
- College of Fisheries, Assam Agricultural University, Raha, Nagaon, Assam 782103, India; Fisheries Research Centre, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam 785013, India
| | - Dipak Kumar Sarma
- College of Fisheries, Assam Agricultural University, Raha, Nagaon, Assam 782103, India.
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3
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Ara G, Little DC, Mamun AA, de Roos B, Grieve E, Khanam M, Hasan SMT, Ireen S, Ali SD, Boitchi AB, Dijkhuizen MA, Ahmed T, Roos N. Factors affecting the micronutrient status of adolescent girls living in complex agro-aquatic ecological zones of Bangladesh. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6631. [PMID: 37095307 PMCID: PMC10126111 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33636-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Inadequate intake of both macro and micronutrients is the major determinant of micronutrient deficiencies in adolescent girls. This study assessed multiple micronutrient status including vitamin D, iron, vitamin A, and urinary iodine concentration among adolescent girls through two seasonal cross-sectional surveys conducted during dry and wet seasons. Mixed-effects linear and logistic regression analysis were conducted to assess associations between micronutrient status, salinity and seasonality. The mean age of the girls was 14 years. Vitamin (OH)D insufficiency was significantly higher in freshwater areas in wet season compared to dry season (wet season: 58% and dry season: 30%, P < 0.001). In wet season, risk of vitamin (OH)D insufficiency was three times higher compared to dry season (AOR: 3.03, 95% CI 1.71, 5.37, P < 0.001). The odds of vitamin (OH)D insufficiency was 11 times higher in fresh water areas compared to high saline areas (AOR: 11.51, 95% CI 3.40, 38.93, P < 0.001). The girls had higher risk of iron deficiency in wet season. Despite the environment being enriched with micronutrient-contained aquatic food, adolescent girls in coastal areas experience different micronutrient deficiencies. The high prevalence of vitamin (OH)D insufficiency in freshwater locations and seasonal iron deficiency in high saline areas needs attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulshan Ara
- Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, icddr, b, 68 Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmed Sarani, Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh.
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - David C Little
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - Abdullah-Al Mamun
- Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Baukje de Roos
- The Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | | | - Mansura Khanam
- Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, icddr, b, 68 Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmed Sarani, Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh
| | - S M Tafsir Hasan
- Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, icddr, b, 68 Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmed Sarani, Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh
| | | | - Samira Dilruba Ali
- Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, icddr, b, 68 Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmed Sarani, Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Anika Bushra Boitchi
- Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, icddr, b, 68 Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmed Sarani, Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Marjoleine A Dijkhuizen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tahmeed Ahmed
- Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, icddr, b, 68 Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmed Sarani, Mohakhali, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Nanna Roos
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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4
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Driscoll J, Chan KMA. Assessing fisheries nutrient yields: The Northwest Atlantic, 1950-2014. AMBIO 2023; 52:271-284. [PMID: 36287381 PMCID: PMC9755433 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-022-01795-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Fisheries are important sources of nutrients for people, but fisheries science and management do not consider nutrient information. The result is that fisheries are conducted without knowledge of how exploited species portfolios produce nutrients, how these yields have changed over time, and how they may change in the future. Here, we develop approaches for nutrient-informed analysis, and illustrate their use by applying them to catches from northwest Atlantic fisheries from 1950 to 2014. Relative to catch weights, nutrient yields showed more change over time and greater degrees of concentration in fewer taxa. Species that were minor from a weight perspective were identified as key sources of specific nutrients. Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus) emerge as a cornerstone of regional nutrient yields, with recent yields of some nutrients so disproportionately reliant upon herring as to indicate a potential lack of resilience. Insights such as these emphasize the need for nutrient informed approaches to fisheries assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Driscoll
- Institute for Resources, Environment and Sustainability, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4 Canada
| | - Kai M. A. Chan
- Institute for Resources, Environment and Sustainability, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4 Canada
- Institute for Oceans and Fisheries, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4 Canada
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5
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Saikia SK. Aquatic resources and feed diversification: Reviewing three case studies from South East Asia with a viewpoint of trophic intensification in rice fish culture. AQUACULTURE AND FISHERIES 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aaf.2023.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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6
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Agyei-Mensah YO, Annan T, Overå R, Atter A, Hatløy A, Andersen P, Obiri KO, Ansong RS, Janananda B, Steiner-Asiedu M, Kjellevold M. The processing, preparation, and cooking practices of small fish among poor Ghanaian households: An exploratory qualitative study. MARITIME STUDIES : MAST 2023; 22:15. [PMID: 37073301 PMCID: PMC10092916 DOI: 10.1007/s40152-023-00300-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Small fish are an important part of the diet in Ghana, but malnutrition rates remain high. The nutritional quality of fish consumed in Ghana may be affected by food processing and cooking practices, but the extent to which these processes are practiced among poor Ghanaian households along the coastal belt is unknown. This study explored how poor Ghanaian households process, prepare, and cook meals containing small fish. This exploratory qualitative study used Attride-Stirling thematic network analysis. Respondents were purposively sampled from fishing communities in the coastal regions of Ghana. One-on-one interviews were performed by trained field assistants, audio recorded and videotaped, and transcribed for further data analysis. The most common small fish species identified were anchovies and herrings. Anchovies were fried and eaten whole. Herrings were eaten either smoked or fresh; for fresh herring, the head, fins, and viscera were removed before boiling. Herrings were smoked with the head and viscera; however, both the head and viscera were removed before being added to boiling soup and were not consumed. Anchovies were fried for 10 min, and herrings were boiled for 15-30 min. Processing methods and further meal preparation depend on the small fish species. Nutrient composition and contribution of small fish depend on the processing method, preparation method, and what tissues are eaten. Thus, these results will be of importance for sampling schemes for food composition tables and for the calculation of nutrient intake from small fish. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40152-023-00300-w.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Theophilus Annan
- Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Food Research Institute, Accra, Ghana
| | - Ragnhild Overå
- Department of Geography, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Amy Atter
- Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Food Research Institute, Accra, Ghana
| | - Anne Hatløy
- Centre of International Health, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Fafo Institute for Labour and Social Research, Oslo, Norway
| | - Peter Andersen
- Department of Geography, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kojo Odei Obiri
- Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Food Research Institute, Accra, Ghana
| | | | - Bhagya Janananda
- Centre of International Health, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Marian Kjellevold
- Department of Seafood, Nutrition and Environmental State, Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, Norway
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7
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Dietary vitamin A intake and its major food sources among rural pregnant women of South-West Bangladesh. Heliyon 2023; 9:e12863. [PMID: 36685423 PMCID: PMC9852929 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e12863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to estimate the dietary intake of vitamin A and its major food sources among rural pregnant women from the southwest region of Bangladesh. A multi-stage random cluster sampling method was used to select the respondents (N = 1012). A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect the data, and statistical analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS 20.0. The mean age of the respondents was 23.27 ± 5.23 years, and the majority were in their second (48%) and third trimester (49%). The mean dietary intake of vitamin A was 392 ± 566 μg Retinol Activity Equivalent (RAE)/day (51% of Recommended Dietary Allowance). The contribution of β-carotene (plant source) and retinol (animal source) in vitamin A intake was about 60% and 40%, respectively. The major β-carotene contributing food groups were vegetables (dark and light) and tubers, and food items were colocasia, potato, beans, brinjal, and ripe tomatoes. On the other hand, the major retinol-contributing food groups were fish, eggs, and milk, and food items were small fish, Rui (carp) fish, and cow's milk. It was also observed that the consumption of food items from β-carotene and retinol-contributing food groups did not differ significantly among the three groups of respondents, but the variations in the amount of the different food items consumed were significant. Dietary vitamin A intake is low among pregnant women in the South-West region of Bangladesh. Hence, they are at a greater risk of adverse materno-fetal health outcomes associated with vitamin A deficiency.
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Fitri N, Chan SXY, Che Lah NH, Jam FA, Misnan NM, Kamal N, Sarian MN, Mohd Lazaldin MA, Low CF, Hamezah HS, Rohani ER, Mediani A, Abas F. A Comprehensive Review on the Processing of Dried Fish and the Associated Chemical and Nutritional Changes. Foods 2022; 11:foods11192938. [PMID: 36230013 PMCID: PMC9562176 DOI: 10.3390/foods11192938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fish is a good source of nutrients, although it is easily spoiled. As such, drying is a common method of preserving fish to compensate for its perishability. Dried fish exists in different cultures with varying types of fish used and drying methods. These delicacies are not only consumed for their convenience and for their health benefits, as discussed in this review. Most commonly, salt and spices are added to dried fish to enhance the flavours and to decrease the water activity (aw) of the fish, which further aids the drying process. For fish to be dried effectively, the temperature, drying environment, and time need to be considered along with the butchering method used on the raw fish prior to drying. Considering the various contributing factors, several physicochemical and biochemical changes will certainly occur in the fish. In this review, the pH, water activity (aw), lipid oxidation, and colour changes in fish drying are discussed as well as the proximate composition of dried fish. With these characteristic changes in dried fish, the sensory, microbial and safety aspects of dried fish are also affected, revolving around the preferences of consumers and their health concerns, especially based on how drying is efficient in eliminating/reducing harmful microbes from the fish. Interestingly, several studies have focused on upscaling the efficiency of dried fish production to generate a safer line of dried fish products with less effort and time. An exploratory approach of the published literature was conducted to achieve the purpose of this review. This evaluation gathers important information from all available library databases from 1990 to 2022. In general, this review will benefit the fishery and food industry by enabling them to enhance the efficiency and safety of fish drying, hence minimising food waste without compromising the quality and nutritional values of dried fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nursyah Fitri
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia
| | - Sharon Xi Ying Chan
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru 81310, Malaysia
| | - Noor Hanini Che Lah
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia UKM, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
| | - Faidruz Azura Jam
- Faculty of Medicine, Manipal University College Malaysia (MUCM), Jalan Padang Jambu, Bukit Baru 75150, Malaysia
| | - Norazlan Mohmad Misnan
- Herbal Medicine Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia
| | - Nurkhalida Kamal
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia UKM, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
| | - Murni Nazira Sarian
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia UKM, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
| | | | - Chen Fei Low
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia UKM, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
| | - Hamizah Shahirah Hamezah
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia UKM, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
| | - Emelda Rosseleena Rohani
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia UKM, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +603-8921-4546
| | - Ahmed Mediani
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia UKM, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
| | - Faridah Abas
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
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9
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More Than Fish—Framing Aquatic Animals within Sustainable Food Systems. Foods 2022; 11:foods11101413. [PMID: 35626983 PMCID: PMC9141230 DOI: 10.3390/foods11101413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquatic animals are diverse in terms of species, but also in terms of production systems, the people involved, and the benefits achieved. In this concept piece, we draw on literature to outline how the diversity of aquatic animals, their production, and their consumption all influence their impact within the food system. Built on evidence from an array of reductionist and non-reductionist literature, we suggest that food systems researchers and policymakers adapt current methods and theoretical frameworks to appropriately contextualise aquatic animals in broader food systems. We do this through combining current understandings of food systems theory, value chain, livelihoods, nutritional outcomes, and planetary boundaries thinking. We make several claims around understanding the role of aquatic animals in terms of nutritional output and environmental impacts. We suggest a need to consider: (1) the diversity of species and production methods; (2) variable definitions of an “edible yield”; (3) circular economy principles and the impacts of co-products, and effects beyond nutrient provision; (4) role of aquatic animals in the overall diet; (5) contextual effects of preservation, preparation, cooking, and consumer choices; (6) globalised nature of aquatic animal trade across the value chain; and (7) that aquatic animals are produced from a continuum, rather than a dichotomy, of aquaculture or fisheries. We conclude by proposing a new framework that involves cohesive interdisciplinary discussions around aquatic animal foods and their role in the broader food system.
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Kaminski AM, Little DC, Middleton L, Syapwaya M, Lundeba M, Johnson J, Huchzermeyer C, Thilsted SH. The Role of Aquaculture and Capture Fisheries in Meeting Food and Nutrition Security: Testing a Nutrition-Sensitive Pond Polyculture Intervention in Rural Zambia. Foods 2022; 11:1334. [PMID: 35564057 PMCID: PMC9102775 DOI: 10.3390/foods11091334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study tested the efficacy of a pond polyculture intervention with farming households in northern Zambia. Longitudinal data on fish consumption and the associated nutrient intake of households (N = 57) were collected over a six-month period (September 2019-March 2020). One group of people tested the intervention while another group that practiced monoculture tilapia farming, and a third group that did not practice aquaculture, acted as control groups. A similar quantity of fish was consumed on average; however, the associated nutrient intake differed, based on the quantity and type of species consumed, particularly for those who had access to pelagic small fish from capture fisheries. There was a decrease in fish consumption from December onward due to fisheries management restrictions. The ponds provided access to micronutrient-rich fish during this time. Pond polyculture can act as a complementary source of fish to capture fisheries that are subjected to seasonal controls, as well as to households that farm tilapia. Assessments of how aquatic foods can improve food and nutrition security often separate aquaculture and capture fisheries, failing to account for people who consume fish from diverse sources simultaneously. A nutrition-sensitive approach thus places food and nutrition security, and consumers, at the center of the analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David C. Little
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK;
| | - Lucinda Middleton
- WorldFish One CGIAR, Plot 18944 Lubansenshi, Lusaka 10101, Zambia; (L.M.); (M.S.); (M.L.)
- Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Ellengowan Drive, Casuarina, NT 0810, Australia
| | - Muleya Syapwaya
- WorldFish One CGIAR, Plot 18944 Lubansenshi, Lusaka 10101, Zambia; (L.M.); (M.S.); (M.L.)
| | - Mary Lundeba
- WorldFish One CGIAR, Plot 18944 Lubansenshi, Lusaka 10101, Zambia; (L.M.); (M.S.); (M.L.)
| | - Jacob Johnson
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, Penn State University, State College, PA 16801, USA;
| | - Carl Huchzermeyer
- Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ), Kariba Road, Lusaka 10101, Zambia;
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11
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Sroy S, Servent A, Sriwichai W, In S, Avallone S. Use of an experimental design to optimise the saponification reaction and the quantification of vitamins A 1 and A 2 in whole fish. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2021. [PMID: 34542320 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In ASEAN countries, small freshwater fish species contribute to the nutritional needs of people with few livelihoods by providing them with significant amounts of protein, fat, vitamins and minerals. Some species are eaten whole (with their organs, skin, bones, head and eyes). To estimate the vitamin A content of these foods, conventional saponification has been applied but has not been able to fully release the retinol. Our objective was to optimise the conditions of vitamin A saponification in whole fish to have a reliable estimate of their contribution to intakes. The effects of temperature and saponification time on the retinol quantification of whole fish were evaluated using a two-factor experimental design. Reaction time had a significant effect on the saponification of standard retinyl palmitate and whole fish (p≤0.05). For whole fish, the best conditions for the saponification were to heat the samples to 80 °C for 43 minutes. Under these conditions, the retinol is well liberated from the matrix and protected from degradation and isomerisation reactions. The time-temperature couple used is more intense than that recommended for quantifying vitamin A in milk or enriched margarines. The protective effect of the food matrix against the release of retinol is evident. Vitamin A2 alcohol (3,4-didehydroretinol) was detected in five species and the overall vitamin A contents ranged from 9.6 to 737.5 μg RE/100 g in species frequently consumed in Cambodia. The two species of small fish consumed whole were the ones that contained significantly more vitamin A among the ten tested (p≤0.05). Highlights: Vitamin A2 alcohol was quantified in five fish species. The official saponification partially released retinol in whole fish. The optimised reaction required heating the sample to 80 °C for 43 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sengly Sroy
- QualiSud, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Institut Agro, Université d'Avignon, Université de la Réunion, Montpellier, France.,Faculty of Chemical and Food Engineering, Institute of Technology of Cambodia, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Adrien Servent
- QualiSud, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Institut Agro, Université d'Avignon, Université de la Réunion, Montpellier, France.,CIRAD, UMR Qualisud, Montpellier, France
| | - Wichien Sriwichai
- King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Department of Innovation and Technology of Product Development, Prachinburi, Thailand
| | - Sokneang In
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Engineering, Institute of Technology of Cambodia, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Sylvie Avallone
- QualiSud, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Institut Agro, Université d'Avignon, Université de la Réunion, Montpellier, France
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12
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Sroy S, Arnaud E, Servent A, In S, Avallone S. Nutritional benefits and heavy metal contents of freshwater fish species from Tonle Sap Lake with SAIN and LIM nutritional score. J Food Compost Anal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2020.103731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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13
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Gibson E, Stacey N, Sunderland TCH, Adhuri DS. Coping or adapting? Experiences of food and nutrition insecurity in specialised fishing households in Komodo District, eastern Indonesia. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:355. [PMID: 33588828 PMCID: PMC7885255 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10248-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is growing recognition of the need for fish to be better integrated into nutrition-sensitive strategies for addressing malnutrition. Fish are overwhelmingly produced by the small-scale sector, which supports food and nutrition security directly through the provision of fish and indirectly through the generation of income which can be used to purchase other desired foods. However, there has been relatively little research on the extent of food and nutrition security in specialised fishing communities. This study assessed food and nutrition security among households in specialised fishing communities in Komodo District, eastern Indonesia. METHODS We assessed the seasonal nutrition quality of household diets using the Food Consumption Score for nutritional analysis and food insecurity using the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale in 66 households across three communities, using a modified cluster sampling strategy. We calculated and generated descriptive statistics for these indicators with Microsoft Excel and ran a logistic generalized linear mixed model to determine factors associated with severe food insecurity using SPSS. We used semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions to understand perceptions of, change over time, and strategies for dealing with food shortfalls. RESULTS While most households have acceptable access to nutritious foods, especially protein and heme iron-rich foods, nearly one half of households consumed vitamin A rich foods on less than 3 days of the 7-day recall period in either season. More than half of households reported experiencing a moderate or severe level of food insecurity, with higher food insecurity in the wet season. Low maternal education (OR: 3.8, 95%CI 1.5-9.9) and lower household wealth (OR: 0.5, 95%CI 0.3-0.9) were found to be associated with a severe level of food insecurity. Household's consumptive and non-consumptive response strategies reflect adaptation to chronic food insecurity but are nutritionally and economically unsustainable. CONCLUSION Households in specialised fishing communities in Komodo District consumed diets with low diversity and experienced high levels of food insecurity. There is a need for culturally-appropriate nutrition-sensitive strategies to enhance food and nutrition security in vulnerable fishing communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Gibson
- Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Ellengowan Drive, Darwin, Northern Territory Australia
| | - Natasha Stacey
- Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Ellengowan Drive, Darwin, Northern Territory Australia
| | - Terry C. H. Sunderland
- Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, University of British Colombia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, Canada
- Centre for International Forestry Research, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Dedi S. Adhuri
- Research Centre for Society and Culture, Indonesia Institute of Sciences, Jl.Jend Gatot Subroto 10, Jakarta, Indonesia
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14
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Fish nutrient composition: a review of global data from poorly assessed inland and marine species. Public Health Nutr 2020; 24:476-486. [PMID: 33308365 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980020003857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our understanding of the nutrient contribution of fish and other aquatic species to human diets relies on nutrient composition data for a limited number of species. Yet particularly for nutritionally vulnerable aquatic food consumers, consumption includes a wide diversity of species whose nutrient composition data are disparate, poorly compiled or unknown. DESIGN To address the gap in understanding fish and other aquatic species' nutrient composition data, we reviewed the literature with an emphasis on species of fish that are under-represented in global databases. We reviewed 164 articles containing 1370 entries of all available nutrient composition data (e.g. macronutrients, micronutrients and fatty acids) and heavy metals (e.g. Pb and Hg) for 515 species, including both inland and marine species of fish, as well as other aquatic species (e.g. crustaceans, molluscs, etc.) when those species were returned by our searches. RESULTS We highlight aquatic species that are particularly high in nutrients of global importance, including Fe, Zn, Ca, vitamin A and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and demonstrate that, in many cases, a serving can fill critical nutrient needs for pregnant and lactating women and young children. CONCLUSIONS By collating the available nutrient composition data on species of fish and other aquatic species, we provide a resource for fisheries and nutrition researchers, experts and practitioners to better understand these critical species and include them in fishery management as well as food-based programmes and policies.
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15
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Hasselberg AE, Wessels L, Aakre I, Reich F, Atter A, Steiner-Asiedu M, Amponsah S, Pucher J, Kjellevold M. Composition of nutrients, heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and microbiological quality in processed small indigenous fish species from Ghana: Implications for food security. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0242086. [PMID: 33180860 PMCID: PMC7660496 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The triple burden of malnutrition is an incessant issue in low- and middle-income countries, and fish has the potential to mitigate this burden. In Ghana fish is a central part of the diet, but data on nutrients and contaminants in processed indigenous fish species, that are often eaten whole, are missing. Samples of smoked, dried or salted Engraulis encrasicolus (European anchovy), Brachydeuterus auritus (bigeye grunt), Sardinella aurita (round sardinella), Selene dorsalis (African moonfish), Sierrathrissa leonensis (West African (WA) pygmy herring) and Tilapia spp. (tilapia) were collected from five different regions in Ghana. Samples were analyzed for nutrients (crude protein, fat, fatty acids, several vitamins, minerals, and trace elements), microbiological quality (microbial loads of total colony counts, E. coli, coliforms, and Salmonella), and contaminants (PAH4 and heavy metals). Except for tilapia, the processed small fish species had the potential to significantly contribute to the nutrient intakes of vitamins, minerals, and essential fatty acids. High levels of iron, mercury and lead were detected in certain fish samples, which calls for further research and identification of anthropogenic sources along the value chains. The total cell counts in all samples were acceptable; Salmonella was not detected in any sample and E. coli only in one sample. However, high numbers of coliform bacteria were found. PAH4 in smoked samples reached high concentrations up to 1,300 μg/kg, but in contrast salted tilapia samples had a range of PAH4 concentration of 1 μg/kg to 24 μg/kg. This endpoint oriented study provides data for the nutritional value of small processed fish as food in Ghana and also provides information about potential food safety hazards. Future research is needed to determine potential sources of contamination along the value chains in different regions, identify critical points, and develop applicable mitigation strategies to improve the quality and safety of processed small fish in Ghana.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura Wessels
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Inger Aakre
- Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, Norway
| | - Felix Reich
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Amy Atter
- Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Food Research Institute, Accra, Ghana
| | - Matilda Steiner-Asiedu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Biological Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Samuel Amponsah
- Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Food Research Institute, Accra, Ghana
- Department of Fisheries and Water Resources, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani, Ghana
| | - Johannes Pucher
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
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Aakre I, Bøkevoll A, Chaira J, Bouthir FZ, Frantzen S, Kausland A, Kjellevold M. Variation in Nutrient Composition of Seafood from North West Africa: Implications for Food and Nutrition Security. Foods 2020; 9:E1516. [PMID: 33096911 PMCID: PMC7590009 DOI: 10.3390/foods9101516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fish and seafood may play an important role for nutrition and food security as they contain essential vitamins, minerals, and essential fatty acids. The aim of this study was to describe the nutrient composition, including fatty acids, amino acids, vitamins, and minerals, in commonly consumed fish species (fillet- and whole fish samples) sampled off the Northwest African coast. Furthermore, we assessed the species' contributions to the recommended nutrient intake (RNI) values from the World Health Organization (WHO). Samples of commercially important fish species (Sardina pilchardus, Engraulis encrasicolus, Trachurus trachurus, Pagellus acarne) were collected using trawling on the R/V Dr. Fridtjof Nansen in May 2017 and analyzed for nutrients at the Institute of Marine Research as individual and composite samples. All the analyzed fish species were good dietary sources of several vitamins and minerals and whole fish were substantially more nutrient dense than fillet samples, especially with regard to vitamin A, iodine, zinc, calcium, and iron. Including 100 g of sardine or anchovy (whole fish) in the diet, would contribute substantially to the RNI for vitamin B12, vitamin D and vitamin A, EPA and DHA as well as the minerals iodine, zinc, and calcium. This study shows that fish consumed with skin, bone, and viscera may be very nutrient dense and important for local food and nutrition security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inger Aakre
- Institute of Marine Research, 5817 Bergen, Norway; (A.B.); (S.F.); (A.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Annbjørg Bøkevoll
- Institute of Marine Research, 5817 Bergen, Norway; (A.B.); (S.F.); (A.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Jamal Chaira
- National Institute for Fisheries Research (INRH), Casablanca 20030, Morocco; (J.C.); (F.Z.B.)
| | - Fatima Zohra Bouthir
- National Institute for Fisheries Research (INRH), Casablanca 20030, Morocco; (J.C.); (F.Z.B.)
| | - Sylvia Frantzen
- Institute of Marine Research, 5817 Bergen, Norway; (A.B.); (S.F.); (A.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Anette Kausland
- Institute of Marine Research, 5817 Bergen, Norway; (A.B.); (S.F.); (A.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Marian Kjellevold
- Institute of Marine Research, 5817 Bergen, Norway; (A.B.); (S.F.); (A.K.); (M.K.)
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Hasselberg AE, Aakre I, Scholtens J, Overå R, Kolding J, Bank MS, Atter A, Kjellevold M. Fish for food and nutrition security in Ghana: Challenges and opportunities. GLOBAL FOOD SECURITY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gfs.2020.100380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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18
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Vianna GMS, Zeller D, Pauly D. Fisheries and Policy Implications for Human Nutrition. Curr Environ Health Rep 2020; 7:161-169. [DOI: 10.1007/s40572-020-00286-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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19
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Reksten AM, Somasundaram T, Kjellevold M, Nordhagen A, Bøkevoll A, Pincus LM, Rizwan AAM, Mamun A, Thilsted SH, Htut T, Aakre I. Nutrient composition of 19 fish species from Sri Lanka and potential contribution to food and nutrition security. J Food Compost Anal 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2020.103508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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20
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Nölle N, Genschick S, Schwadorf K, Hrenn H, Brandner S, Biesalski HK. Fish as a source of (micro)nutrients to combat hidden hunger in Zambia. Food Secur 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12571-020-01060-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AbstractFish is an excellent source of protein, but can also be a good source of micronutrients. In Zambia fish is the main animal food source for poor women and children, two groups which are likely to suffer from inadequate micronutrient supply (hidden hunger). Although the potential of fish to combat hidden hunger is increasingly recognized and fisheries and aquaculture have been identified as key resources in addressing food and nutrition security issues in Zambia, only limited information on the nutrient composition of consumed fish species and products is available. Thus the objectives of this paper are to give a quantitative description of the nutritional composition of fish and fish products consumed in Zambia, and to estimate their potential to the Recommended Daily Intakes (RDIs) of micronutrients. Therefore approximately forty fish species in various kinds of processing were collected and prepared following local customs. Samples were analysed for macronutrients such as protein and fat. Contents of B-vitamins and minerals were also analysed. Protein content was overall similar, while fat content and fatty acid composition varied considerably. Most fish contained high amounts of niacin and cobalamin, but small fish usually contained the most cobalamin. Small fish contained up to 32 times the amount of calcium than other fish and often contained more iron and zinc, too. Overall small fish species, which are commonly consumed by poor women and children, can be used to combat hidden hunger in Zambia, due to high levels of cobalamin, calcium, iron and zinc.
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21
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Nordhagen A, Rizwan AAM, Aakre I, Moxness Reksten A, Pincus LM, Bøkevoll A, Mamun A, Haraksingh Thilsted S, Htut T, Somasundaram T, Kjellevold M. Nutrient Composition of Demersal, Pelagic, and Mesopelagic Fish Species Sampled Off the Coast of Bangladesh and Their Potential Contribution to Food and Nutrition Security-The EAF-Nansen Programme. Foods 2020; 9:foods9060730. [PMID: 32503114 PMCID: PMC7353586 DOI: 10.3390/foods9060730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fish is a major part of the Bangladeshi diet, but data on the nutrient composition of marine fish species are sparse. Mesopelagic fish may be a new potential resource of food and nutrients; however, nutrient composition data are lacking. The aim of this study was to provide nutrient composition data of fish species sampled off the coast of Bangladesh and determine their potential contribution to recommended nutrient intakes (RNI). Seven species from the pelagic, mesopelagic, and demersal zones were sampled from the coast of Bangladesh with Dr. Fridtjof Nansen in 2018. Three pooled samples containing 15-840 individuals from each species were analysed at the Institute of Marine Research, Norway. The demersal species contained substantially lower concentrations of nearly all nutrients, whereas the mesopelagic species generally were more nutrient dense. All species, except for the demersal species Bombay duck (9% dry matter), were found to contribute ≥100% to the RNI of vitamin B12, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, and selenium. All species, except for the demersal fish species, contributed ≥25% to the RNI of six or more nutrients. The data presented in this paper are an important contribution to the Bangladeshi food composition table and contribute to the understanding of fish as an important source of micronutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Nordhagen
- Institute of Marine Research, P.O. Box 2029 Nordnes, 5817 Bergen, Norway; (A.N.); (I.A.); (A.B.); (M.K.)
| | - Abu Ansar Md. Rizwan
- Health and Nutrition, Social Assistance and Rehabilitation for the Physically Vulnerable (SARPV), Cox’s Bazar 4700, Bangladesh;
| | - Inger Aakre
- Institute of Marine Research, P.O. Box 2029 Nordnes, 5817 Bergen, Norway; (A.N.); (I.A.); (A.B.); (M.K.)
| | - Amalie Moxness Reksten
- Institute of Marine Research, P.O. Box 2029 Nordnes, 5817 Bergen, Norway; (A.N.); (I.A.); (A.B.); (M.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +47-975-83-269
| | - Lauren Michelle Pincus
- WorldFish, Jalan Batu Maung, Batu Maung, Bayan Lepas, Penang 11960, Malaysia; (L.M.P.); (S.H.T.)
| | - Annbjørg Bøkevoll
- Institute of Marine Research, P.O. Box 2029 Nordnes, 5817 Bergen, Norway; (A.N.); (I.A.); (A.B.); (M.K.)
| | - Al Mamun
- Marine Fisheries Survey Management Unit, Department of Fisheries, CGO Building-2, Agrabad, Chattogram 4100, Bangladesh;
| | | | - Thaung Htut
- Wildlife Conservation Society-Myanmar Program, P.O. Box Kamayut, Yangon 11041, Myanmar;
| | - Thiruchenduran Somasundaram
- Institute of Postharvest Technology, National Aquatic Resources Research and Development Agency (NARA), P.O. Box Colombo 01500, Sri Lanka;
| | - Marian Kjellevold
- Institute of Marine Research, P.O. Box 2029 Nordnes, 5817 Bergen, Norway; (A.N.); (I.A.); (A.B.); (M.K.)
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Dietary diversity and fish consumption of mothers and their children in fisher households in Komodo District, eastern Indonesia. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0230777. [PMID: 32236144 PMCID: PMC7112201 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Small-scale coastal fisheries contribute directly and indirectly to the food and nutrition security of marine-dependent households. Fishers can apportion part of their catch for household consumption or use the income earned to purchase staples and other desired foods. Fish are an important animal-source food rich in micronutrients essential for cognitive development of children and for adult health, and a valuable addition to rice-based diets. Furthermore, the engagement of women in fisheries value chains and increased control over income may facilitate decision-making which improves nutrition outcomes for women and their children. Despite these contributions, food insecurity remains prevalent in many low and middle income fish-producing countries. This paper reports findings from an exploration of the interplaying factors leading to food and nutrition insecurity in three marine-dependent coastal communities in eastern Indonesia, focusing on the consumption pathway, that is, the contribution of fish to the diets and nutrition of women and children. The research was undertaken as a mixed-methods case study. The study found that over 50% of mother-child pairs failed to meet the minimum recommended dietary diversity, and, while fish was the main animal-source food in diets, the introduction of fish to infant and young child diets was delayed due to fears of allergies and illnesses. Moreover, access to nutrient-dense foods was affected by variable and insufficient income from fisheries-based livelihoods, isolation from markets, and the broader food environment. Given the shift towards 'nutrition-sensitive interventions' to improve the livelihoods and well-being of fisher households, these results highlight the need for analysis of the intra-household sharing of fish within fisher households, culturally-appropriate strategies to improve the quality of family and especially complementary foods, and efforts to increase physical access to nutrient-dense foods.
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Sharma S, Singh D. Nutritional Status of Crossocheilus latius latius (Hamilton, 1822) and Garra lamta (Hamilton, 1822) from Alaknanda River of Central Himalaya. JOURNAL OF AQUATIC FOOD PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10498850.2020.1737999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sharali Sharma
- Freshwater Biodiversity Laboratory, Department of Zoology and Biotechnology, H.N.B. Garhwal University, Srinagar (Garhwal), India
| | - Deepak Singh
- Freshwater Biodiversity Laboratory, Department of Zoology and Biotechnology, H.N.B. Garhwal University, Srinagar (Garhwal), India
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Alvheim AR, Kjellevold M, Strand E, Sanden M, Wiech M. Mesopelagic Species and Their Potential Contribution to Food and Feed Security-A Case Study from Norway. Foods 2020; 9:foods9030344. [PMID: 32188085 PMCID: PMC7142554 DOI: 10.3390/foods9030344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The projected increase in global population will demand a major increase in global food production. There is a need for more biomass from the ocean as future food and feed, preferentially from lower trophic levels. In this study, we estimated the mesopelagic biomass in three Norwegian fjords. We analyzed the nutrient composition in six of the most abundant mesopelagic species and evaluated their potential contribution to food and feed security. The six species make up a large part of the mesopelagic biomass in deep Norwegian fjords. Several of the analyzed mesopelagic species, especially the fish species Benthosema glaciale and Maurolicus muelleri, were nutrient dense, containing a high level of vitamin A1, calcium, selenium, iodine, eicopentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and cetoleic acid. We were able to show that mesopelagic species, whose genus or family are found to be widespread and numerous around the globe, are nutrient dense sources of micronutrients and marine-based ingredients and may contribute significantly to global food and feed security.
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25
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Ahmed BN, Waibel H. The role of homestead fish ponds for household nutrition security in Bangladesh. Food Secur 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12571-019-00947-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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26
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La Frano MR, Cai Y, Burri BJ, Thilsted SH. Discovery and biological relevance of 3,4-didehydroretinol (vitamin A2) in small indigenous fish species and its potential as a dietary source for addressing vitamin A deficiency. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2017; 69:253-261. [DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2017.1358358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael R. La Frano
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, USA
- USDA-ARS-PWA, Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Yimeng Cai
- USDA-ARS-PWA, Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Betty J. Burri
- USDA-ARS-PWA, Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA, USA
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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Abstract
Abstract
In Bangladesh, homestead pond aquaculture currently comprises a polyculture of large fish species but provides an ideal environment to integrate a range of small fish species. Small fish consumed whole, with bones, head and eyes, are rich in micronutrients and are an integral part of diets, particularly for the poor. Results from three large projects demonstrate that the small fish, mola (Amblypharyngodon mola) contributes significantly to the micronutrients produced from all fish, in homestead ponds, in one production cycle. Mola contributed 98%, 56% and 35% of the total vitamin A, iron and zinc produced, respectively, despite comprising only 15% of the total fish production by weight. If consumed within the household, mola could contribute half of the vitamin A and a quarter of the iron intake recommended for a family of four, annually. Homestead ponds are uniquely accessible to women who prepare the household food. Further dissemination of the carp-small fish technology provides opportunities to target women and men together for training on fish production and consumption, nutrition and gender equity. Women only training is also recommended to enable them to engage fully, without feeling dominated by men. Partnering with the fisheries and health sectors will encourage sustainable uptake of this promising technology. Clearly, dissemination could have significant health benefits; however, improved monitoring and evaluation, particularly of dietary diversity and diet quality are essential. Research priorities should also include the production techniques of other small indigenous fish species (SIS), besides mola, and the power dynamics between women and men in operating homestead ponds.
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Mejri S, Tremblay R, Vandenberg G, Moren M, Khemis IB, Audet C. Differences in nutrient content of eggs and larvae as indicators for improvement of broodstock nutrition in walleye (Sander vitreus) production. CAN J ZOOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1139/cjz-2016-0176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to increase our knowledge about the nutritional needs of walleye (Sander vitreus (Mitchill, 1818)) broodstock. Two dietary treatments were tested: the first consisted of frozen Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus L., 1758) pieces with a supplement of experimental dry pellets and the second consisted of frozen Atlantic mackerel pieces with a supplement of commercial trout pellets. Hatching success was highest in eggs from the wild broodstock. Eggs and larvae from wild fish were characterized by the highest levels of linoleic (LOA; 18:2 n–6) and linolenic (LNA; 18:3 n–3) fatty acids in the neutral lipids. They had the lowest level of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in both neutral and polar lipids. The results suggest the importance of the amino acids leucine, lysine, methionine, and serine for better egg survival. Vitamin A1 content was similar in eggs from wild fish and the younger broodstock from both treatment groups, but was 10 times lower in eggs from older broodstock. Vitamin A2 was highest in eggs from wild fish. Our results showed that neither of the two diets really resulted in egg or larval quality that were comparable with that of wild fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Mejri
- Institut des Sciences de la Mer de Rimouski (ISMER), Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR), 310 allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, QC G5L 2Z9, Canada
| | - Réjean Tremblay
- Institut des Sciences de la Mer de Rimouski (ISMER), Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR), 310 allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, QC G5L 2Z9, Canada
| | - Grant Vandenberg
- Département des sciences animales, Université Laval, Pavillon Paul-Comtois, 2425, rue de l’Agriculture, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Mari Moren
- National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood (NIFES), Postboks 2029 Nordnes, 5817 Bergen, Norway
| | - Ines Ben Khemis
- National Institute of Marine Sciences and Technologies (INSTM), 28, rue du 2 mars 1934–2035 Salambô, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Céline Audet
- Institut des Sciences de la Mer de Rimouski (ISMER), Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR), 310 allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, QC G5L 2Z9, Canada
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Non-farmed fish contribute to greater micronutrient intakes than farmed fish: results from an intra-household survey in rural Bangladesh. Public Health Nutr 2016; 20:702-711. [PMID: 27702421 PMCID: PMC5468797 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980016002615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fish is the most important animal-source food (ASF) in Bangladesh, produced from capture fisheries (non-farmed) and aquaculture (farmed) sub-sectors. Large differences in micronutrient content of fish species from these sub-sectors exist. The importance of fish in diets of vulnerable groups compared with other ASF; contribution from non-farmed and farmed species to nutrient intakes; and differences in fish consumption among age, gender, wealth groups and geographic regions were analysed, using quantitative intra-household fish consumption data, focusing on the first 1000 d of life. DESIGN Two-stage stratified sample. SETTING Nationally representative of rural Bangladesh. SUBJECTS Households (n 5503) and individuals (n 24 198). RESULTS Fish consumption in poor households was almost half that in wealthiest households; and lower in females than males in all groups, except the wealthiest, and for those aged ≥15 years (P<0·01). In infants of complementary feeding age, 56 % did not consume ASF on the survey day, despite 78 % of mothers knowing this was recommended. Non-farmed fish made a larger contribution to Fe, Zn, Ca, vitamin A and vitamin B12 intakes than farmed fish (P<0·0001). CONCLUSIONS Policies and programmes aimed to increase fish consumption as a means to improve nutrition in rural Bangladesh should focus on women and young children, and on the poorest households. Aquaculture plays an important role in increasing availability and affordability of fish; however, non-farmed fish species are better placed to contribute to greater micronutrient intakes. This presents an opportunity for aquaculture to contribute to improved nutrition, utilising diverse production technologies and fish species, including small fish.
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Nutrient composition of important fish species in Bangladesh and potential contribution to recommended nutrient intakes. J Food Compost Anal 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2015.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Bogard JR, Hother AL, Saha M, Bose S, Kabir H, Marks GC, Thilsted SH. Inclusion of Small Indigenous Fish Improves Nutritional Quality During the First 1000 Days. Food Nutr Bull 2015; 36:276-89. [PMID: 26297705 DOI: 10.1177/0379572115598885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Within food-based approaches to improve nutrition during the first 1000 days of life, improved formulations of food products and the use of animal source foods, such as fish, are 2 widely cited strategies; however, there are few examples where the 2 strategies are combined. Furthermore, although small indigenous fish are highly nutritious and available to the poor in many regions of the world, their importance is often overlooked. OBJECTIVE To document the development of 2 nutritious fish-based food products in Bangladesh: a chutney for pregnant and lactating women (PLW) and a complementary food (CF) for infants and young children (6-23 months), including potential contributions to recommended or desirable nutrient intakes in the first 1000 days, processing methods, and nutrient composition. METHODS Local nutrient-rich ingredients and simple processing methods based on traditional knowledge (for the chutney), and a literature review (for the CF), were selected and trial batches produced. Products were analyzed for nutrient composition using standard analytical procedures and results compared with recommended or desirable nutrient intakes for women and children. RESULTS Both products could contribute significantly to micronutrient intakes of PLW (24% of iron and 35% of calcium recommended intakes) and macro- and micronutrient intake of infants and young children (≥ 65% of vitamin A, ≥ 61% of zinc, and 41% of iron desirable intakes) when consumed in the proposed serving size. CONCLUSION Inclusion of small indigenous fish as an underutilized animal source food in combination with other local nutrient-rich ingredients in food products represents a promising food-based strategy to improve nutrition, with many additional potential benefits for communities involved in production, and therefore warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica R Bogard
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia WorldFish, Bangladesh & South Asia Office, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Manika Saha
- WorldFish, Bangladesh & South Asia Office, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | | | - Geoffrey C Marks
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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Beveridge MCM, Thilsted SH, Phillips MJ, Metian M, Troell M, Hall SJ. Meeting the food and nutrition needs of the poor: the role of fish and the opportunities and challenges emerging from the rise of aquaculture. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2013; 83:1067-84. [PMID: 24090563 PMCID: PMC4283757 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.12187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
People who are food and nutrition insecure largely reside in Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa and for many, fish represents a rich source of protein, micronutrients and essential fatty acids. The contribution of fish to household food and nutrition security depends upon availability, access and cultural and personal preferences. Access is largely determined by location, seasonality and price but at the individual level it also depends upon a person's physiological and health status and how fish is prepared, cooked and shared among household members. The sustained and rapid expansion of aquaculture over the past 30 years has resulted in >40% of all fish now consumed being derived from farming. While aquaculture produce increasingly features in the diets of many Asians, it is much less apparent among those living in Sub-Saharan Africa. Here, per capita fish consumption has grown little and despite the apparently strong markets and adequate biophysical conditions, aquaculture has yet to develop. The contribution of aquaculture to food and nutrition security is not only just an issue of where aquaculture occurs but also of what is being produced and how and whether the produce is as accessible as that from capture fisheries. The range of fish species produced by an increasingly globalized aquaculture industry differs from that derived from capture fisheries. Farmed fishes are also different in terms of their nutrient content, a result of the species being grown and of rearing methods. Farmed fish price affects access by poor consumers while the size at which fish is harvested influences both access and use. This paper explores these issues with particular reference to Asia and Africa and the technical and policy innovations needed to ensure that fish farming is able to fulfil its potential to meet the global population's food and nutrition needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C M Beveridge
- WorldFishP. O. Box 51289, Ridgeway, Lusaka, Zambia
- † Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel.: +260 211 257939/40;
| | - S H Thilsted
- WorldFishHouse 22B, Road 7, Block F, Banani, Dhaka 1213, Bangladesh
| | - M J Phillips
- WorldFish, Jalan Batu MaungBatu Maung, 11960 Bayan Lepas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - M Metian
- Stockholm Resilience Center, Stockholm UniversitySE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Troell
- Stockholm Resilience Center, Stockholm UniversitySE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Beijer Institute of Ecological EconomicsStockholm, Sweden
| | - S J Hall
- WorldFishHouse 22B, Road 7, Block F, Banani, Dhaka 1213, Bangladesh
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Kawarazuka N, Béné C. Linking small-scale fisheries and aquaculture to household nutritional security: an overview. Food Secur 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s12571-010-0079-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Arsenault JE, Yakes EA, Hossain MB, Islam MM, Ahmed T, Hotz C, Lewis B, Rahman AS, Jamil KM, Brown KH. The current high prevalence of dietary zinc inadequacy among children and women in rural Bangladesh could be substantially ameliorated by zinc biofortification of rice. J Nutr 2010; 140:1683-90. [PMID: 20668253 DOI: 10.3945/jn.110.123059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Rural Bangladeshi populations have a high risk of zinc deficiency due to their consumption of a predominantly rice-based diet with few animal-source foods. Breeding rice for higher zinc content would offer a sustainable approach to increase the population's zinc intakes. The objectives of the study were to quantify usual rice and zinc intakes in young children and their adult female primary caregivers and to simulate the potential impact of zinc-biofortified rice on their zinc intakes. We measured dietary intake in a representative sample of 480 children (ages 24-48 mo) and their female caregivers residing in 2 rural districts of northern Bangladesh. Dietary intakes were estimated by 12-h weighed records and 12-h recall in homes on 2 nonconsecutive days. Serum zinc concentrations were determined in a subsample of children. The median (25th, 75th percentile) rice intakes of children and female caregivers were 134 (99, 172) and 420 (365, 476) g raw weight/d, respectively. The median zinc intakes were 2.5 (2.1, 2.9) and 5.4 (4.8, 6.1) mg/d in children and women, respectively. Twenty-four percent of children had low serum zinc concentrations ( < 9.9 micromol/L) after adjusting for elevated acute phase proteins. Rice was the main source of zinc intake, providing 49 and 69% of dietary zinc to children and women, respectively. The prevalence of inadequate zinc intakes was high in both the children (22%) and women (73-100%). Simulated increases in rice zinc content to levels currently achievable through selective breeding decreased the estimated prevalence of inadequacy to 9% in children and 20-85% in women, depending on the assumptions used to estimate absorption. Rural Bangladeshi children and women have inadequate intakes of zinc. Zinc biofortification of rice has the potential to markedly improve the zinc adequacy of their diets.
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Michaelsen KF, Hoppe C, Roos N, Kaestel P, Stougaard M, Lauritzen L, Mølgaard C, Girma T, Friis H. Choice of foods and ingredients for moderately malnourished children 6 months to 5 years of age. Food Nutr Bull 2010; 30:S343-404. [PMID: 19998864 DOI: 10.1177/15648265090303s303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
There is consensus on how to treat severe malnutrition, but there is no agreement on the most cost-effective way to treat infants and young children with moderate malnutrition who consume cereal-dominated diets. The aim of this review is to give an overview of the nutritional qualities of relevant foods and ingredients in relation to the nutritional needs of children with moderate malnutrition and to identify research needs. The following general aspects are covered: energy density, macronutrient content and quality, minerals and vitamins, bioactive substances, antinutritional factors, and food processing. The nutritional values of the main food groups--cereals, legumes, pulses, roots, vegetables, fruits, and animal foods--are discussed. The special beneficial qualities of animal-source foods, which contain high levels of minerals important for growth, high-quality protein, and no antinutrients or fibers, are emphasized. In cereal-dominated diets, the plant foods should be processed to reduce the contents of antinutrients and fibers. Provision of a high fat content to increase energy density is emphasized; however, the content of micronutrients should also be increased to maintain nutrient density. The source of fat should be selected to supply optimal amounts of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), especially n-3 fatty acids. Among multiple research needs, the following are highlighted: to identify the minimum quantity of animal foods needed to support acceptable child growth and development, to examine the nutritional gains of reducing contents of antinutrients and fibers in cereal- and legume-based diets, and to examine the role of fat quality, especially PUFA content and ratios, in children with moderate malnutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim F Michaelsen
- Department of Human Nutrition, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 30, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
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Effect of consumption of the nutrient-dense, freshwater small fishAmblypharyngodon molaon biochemical indicators of vitamin A status in Bangladeshi children: a randomised, controlled study of efficacy. Br J Nutr 2008; 99:581-97. [DOI: 10.1017/s000711450781912x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In Bangladesh, some commonly consumed, indigenous, freshwater small fish species (eaten whole with bone, head and eyes) such as mola (Amblypharyngodon mola) are nutrient-dense, containing preformed vitamin A as retinol and especially 3,4-dehydroretinol. The objective of the present randomised, controlled efficacy study was to evaluate the effects of mola on biochemical indicators of vitamin A status. Children (n196), aged 3–7 years, with serum retinol 0·36–0·75 μmol/l, were randomly allocated to one of three treatment groups to receive a daily test meal (6 d/week for 9 weeks) of rice and vegetable curry (no vitamin A)ad libitumand 50 g fish curry consisting of: (1) mola, 600 retinol activity equivalents (RAE) (using 40 % biological activity of 3,4-dehydroretinol isomers) (experimental group,n66); (2) rui (Labeo rohita), a large fish (no vitamin A), with added retinyl palmitate, 600 RAE (positive control group,n65); or (3) rui, 0 RAE (negative control group,n65). The nutrient compositions of the dishes were analysed. After 9 weeks, no significant treatment effects were observed for serum retinol (P = 0·52) and retinol-binding protein (P = 0·81) in the experimental group compared with the negative control, whereas the positive control improved significantly (P < 0·001). The present results do not suggest conversion of the large amount of 3,4-dehydroretinol in mola curry to retinol. Further research on the functional effect of mola in humans is needed. Mola is a nutrient-dense animal-source food, rich in haem Fe, Zn and especially Ca, thus consumption of mola in Bangladesh should continue to be encouraged.
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Roos N, Wahab MA, Hossain MAR, Thilsted SH. Linking human nutrition and fisheries: incorporating micronutrient-dense, small indigenous fish species in carp polyculture production in Bangladesh. Food Nutr Bull 2007; 28:S280-93. [PMID: 17658074 DOI: 10.1177/15648265070282s207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fish and fisheries are important for the livelihoods, food, and income of the rural population in Bangladesh. Increased rice production and changing agricultural patterns have resulted in a large decline in inland fisheries. Implementation of carp pond polyculture has been very successful, whereas little focus has been given to the commonly consumed small indigenous fish species, some of which are rich in vitamin A and minerals, such as calcium, iron, and zinc, and are an integral part of the rural diet. OBJECTIVE The overall objective of the research and capacity-building activities described in this paper is to increase the production, accessibility, and intake of nutrient-dense small indigenous fish species, in particular mola (Amblypharyngodon mola), in order to combat micronutrient deficiencies. The large contribution from small indigenous fish species to recommended intakes of vitamin A and calcium and the perception that mola is good for or protects the eyes have been well documented. METHODS An integrated approach was conducted jointly by Bangladeshi and Danish institutions, linking human nutrition and fisheries. Activities included food-consumption surveys, laboratory analyses of commonly consumed fish species, production trials of carp-mola pond polyculture, teaching, training, and dissemination of the results. RESULTS No decline in carp production and thus in income was found with the inclusion of mola, and increased intake of mola has the potential to combat micronutrient deficiencies. Teaching and training of graduates and field staff have led to increased awareness of the role of small indigenous fish species for good nutrition and resulted in the promotion of carp-mola pond polyculture and research in small indigenous fish species. The decline in accessibility, increase in price, and decrease in intake of small indigenous fish species by the rural poor, as well as the increased intake of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), the most commonly cultured fish species, which is poor in micronutrients and not preferred for consumption, are being addressed, and some measures taken by inland fisheries management have been discussed. CONCLUSIONS The successful linking of human nutrition and fisheries to address micronutrient deficiencies has relevance for other countries with rich fisheries resources, such as Cambodia and countries in the Lake Victoria region of Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanna Roos
- Department of Human Nutrition, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Fredericksberg, Denmark
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Roos N, Wahab MA, Chamnan C, Thilsted SH. The role of fish in food-based strategies to combat vitamin A and mineral deficiencies in developing countries. J Nutr 2007; 137:1106-9. [PMID: 17374688 DOI: 10.1093/jn/137.4.1106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fish is important in the diets and livelihoods of many poor people suffering from vitamin and mineral deficiencies. In this article, fish intake in rural Bangladesh and Cambodia and the vitamin A, calcium, iron, and zinc contents and nutrient bioavailability of commonly consumed species are presented. The contribution of these species to nutrient intakes as well as their potential to meet dietary recommendations are presented and discussed. Data from consumption surveys were analyzed to obtain fish intake by species. Commonly consumed species were analyzed for nutrient contents, and studies on nutrient bioavailability were conducted. In poor, rural, Bangladeshi households, mean fish intake was 13-83 g raw, whole fish per person/d. Frequency of intake of small fish was high, and small fish made up 50-80% of all fish eaten during the fish production season in rural Bangladesh and Cambodia. Many small fish are eaten whole and therefore are a rich calcium source; some are also rich in vitamin A, iron, and zinc. Even small production of the vitamin A-rich fish mola in ponds in Bangladesh can meet the annual vitamin A recommendation of 2 million children, and a traditional daily meal with the iron-rich fish trey changwa plieng can meet 45% of the daily median iron requirement of Cambodian women. Fish consumption data on the species level, nutrient analyses, awareness of the nutritional value of fish, as well as promotion of the production and accessibility of nutrient-dense species can lead to the use of fish in food-based strategies to combat nutrient deficiencies in poor people in Asia and Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanna Roos
- Department of Human Nutrition, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, 1958 Frederiksberg, Denmark
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Roos N, Thorseng H, Chamnan C, Larsen T, Gondolf UH, Bukhave K, Thilsted SH. Iron content in common Cambodian fish species: Perspectives for dietary iron intake in poor, rural households. Food Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Graham RD, Welch RM, Saunders DA, Ortiz‐Monasterio I, Bouis HE, Bonierbale M, de Haan S, Burgos G, Thiele G, Liria R, Meisner CA, Beebe SE, Potts MJ, Kadian M, Hobbs PR, Gupta R, Twomlow S. Nutritious Subsistence Food Systems. ADVANCES IN AGRONOMY 2007:1-74. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2113(04)92001-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
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Hels O, Larsen T, Christensen LP, Kidmose U, Hassan N, Thilsted SH. Contents of iron, calcium, zinc and β-carotene in commonly consumed vegetables in Bangladesh. J Food Compost Anal 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2003.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Hels O, Kidmose U, Larsen T, Hassan N, Tetens I, Thilsted SH. Estimated nutrient intakes and adequacies in Bangladesh change when newer values for vitamin A, iron and calcium in commonly consumed foods are applied. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2003; 54:457-65. [PMID: 14522691 DOI: 10.1080/09637480310001622314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A food consumption survey was conducted in rural Bangladesh in January-March 1996 using a 24-h food weighing method. Intakes and adequacies of energy, vitamin A, vitamin C, iron and calcium were estimated for 81 children (aged 24-71 months) and 182 women (aged 18-45 years) using three sets of food composition tables. The local food composition table was modified with newer values for nutrient contents of foods identified as important for the contribution of vitamin A and iron. Significant differences in estimated dietary intakes and adequacies were found for vitamin A and iron when different sets of food composition values were used. This study shows that up-to-date chemical analyses of foods selected on the basis of a high frequency of consumption and a large contribution of the nutrients in focus is a useful approach in improving the quality of food composition tables, resulting in greater accuracy of estimates of nutrient intakes and adequacies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ole Hels
- Department of Human Nutrition, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Rolighedsvej 30, 1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
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Roos N, Islam MM, Thilsted SH. Small Indigenous Fish Species in Bangladesh: Contribution to Vitamin A, Calcium and Iron Intakes. J Nutr 2003; 133:4021S-4026S. [PMID: 14672305 DOI: 10.1093/jn/133.11.4021s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fish play an important role in the Bangladeshi diet, constituting the main and often irreplaceable animal source food in poor rural households. Fish consumption is dominated by wild small (length <25 cm) indigenous fish species (SIS). The vitamin A content in SIS varies, from <100 microg of retinol equivalents (RE)/100 g raw edible parts, to >2,500 microg RE/100 g raw edible parts in mola (Amblypharyngodon mola). The study addressed the dietary contribution of fish to vitamin A, calcium and iron intakes and the potential of integrating SIS, including mola, into existing carp polyculture ponds. Fish consumption (wild and cultured fish) was surveyed by 5-d recall interviews in 84 poor rural households in Kishoreganj district in 1997-1998. Fifty-nine of the households cultured carp and SIS in small (mean size 400 m2) domestic ponds. Total household fish consumption was unaffected by the domestic aquaculture production. SIS from wild sources contributed 84% of the total fish consumption. In the peak season (October), SIS contributed 40% (median 23%) of the recommended vitamin A intake at the household level (n = 84). Thirty-four households cultured mola along with carp. Cultured mola used for household consumption contributed 20% (median 18%) of the recommended intake of vitamin A at the household level. Wild SIS is an important source of vitamin A and calcium in Bangladesh. Mola can be integrated in existing carp culture without negative effects and can contribute to increased vitamin A intake in rural households.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanna Roos
- Research Department of Human Nutrition, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
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