1
|
Maratia F, Crocetti E. One way or another…or both: Different roles of fathers, mothers, and adolescents in the intergenerational transmission of inclusive attitudes. FAMILY PROCESS 2024. [PMID: 38923514 DOI: 10.1111/famp.13023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the processes of intergenerational transmission of attitudes toward migrant integration policies in families with adolescents. Participants included 809 adolescents (Mage = 15.61, range: 13.87-20.04 years), 545 fathers (Mage = 51.19, range: 38-77 years), and 716 mothers (Mage = 48.11, range: 33-68 years) involved in a longitudinal study with two assessments and a time-lag of 1 year between them. Each family member completed the Attitudes towards Migrant Integration Policies scale. In addition, adolescents reported their perception of discussion of current events with parents and the level of support they receive from them. The cross-lagged model highlighted a unidirectional transmission, with fathers' but not mothers' attitudes toward migrant integration policies influencing adolescents' attitudes. Furthermore, it has been examined which factors can either amplify or reduce the strength of intergenerational transmission processes considering individual characteristics of both adolescents (i.e., sex, age) and their parents (i.e., political orientation), and cultural (i.e., family, ethnic background) and relational (i.e., discussion of current events, perceived support from fathers and mothers) family characteristics. Individual factors (i.e., fathers' political orientation) and family relational characteristics (i.e., perceived support from fathers) moderated the transmission processes. The transmission was bidirectional when fathers reported being left-wing and politically oriented and stronger when adolescents reported high support from their fathers. Thus, this study underscores the complexity of the family context, highlighting that the transmission of inclusive attitudes does not always operate in one way (e.g., from parents to children) or another, but in some cases, simultaneously.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Maratia
- Department of Psychology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Crocetti
- Department of Psychology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wong TK, Hamza CA. Recent stressful life events and identity development in emerging adults: An examination of within-person effects. J Pers 2024. [PMID: 38837758 DOI: 10.1111/jopy.12954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine longitudinal associations among stressful life events and identity processess in emerging adults while accounting for within-person and between-person effects. BACKGROUND Theoretical perspectives suggest that stressful life events may impact one's identity (i.e., coherent sense of self), but few studies have considered how changes in stressful life events are associated with changes within an individual's identity development over time (within-person effects). METHODS Recent stressful life events (i.e., academic problems, friendship problems, romantic problems, and time pressure) and the processes through which identity develops (e.g., exploring in breadth and depth) were examined longitudinally (T1-T3) in a sample of emerging adults (N = 1125, Mage = 17.96 years). RESULTS Random-intercept cross-lagged modeling demonstrated that at the between-person level, emerging adults with greater academic and friendship problems, as well as more time pressures (relative to their counterparts), tended to engage in greater ruminative exploration. Further, those with more academic problems tended to demonstrate weaker commitment-making and exploration in breadth and depth (relative to their counterparts). Within-person increases in romantic problems predicted lower commitment-making and higher ruminative exploration over time. CONCLUSION Findings suggest that romantic problems may predict within-person changes in identity processes, whereas academic problems, friendship problems, and time pressure may be more concurrently related to identity development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tracy K Wong
- Applied Psychology and Human Development, Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Educational Psychology, Faculty of Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Chloe A Hamza
- Applied Psychology and Human Development, Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Heward C, Li W, Chun Tie Y, Waterworth P. A Scoping Review of Military Culture, Military Identity, and Mental Health Outcomes in Military Personnel. Mil Med 2024:usae276. [PMID: 38836843 DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usae276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The military is a unique cultural institution that significantly influences its members, contributing to the development and transformation of their identities. Despite growing interest in identity research in the military, challenges persist in the conceptualization of military identity, including understanding how it forms, assessing the influence of military culture on identity development, and evaluating the implications for mental health. The primary objective of this scoping review was to map the complexities of military culture's impact on military identity and its effects on mental health. MATERIALS AND METHODS A scoping review of the literature was conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute Scoping Review Methodology. Studies were included if they described military culture, military identity, and mental health, resulting in 65 eligible studies. The extracted data were thematically analyzed to identify how military culture impacts military identity and mental health and well-being. RESULTS Multiple identities were evident within the military population, with 2 overarching identities, loyalty and military, overall conferring positive mental health outcomes. Where these identities were hidden or disrupted, poorer mental health outcomes were observed. CONCLUSIONS The scoping review conducted in this study challenges the notion of military identity as a singular concept promoting positive mental health outcomes. It highlights its multifaceted nature, revealing that individuals may face identity concealment and disruptions during periods of transition or adjustment, resulting in adverse mental health outcomes. To capture the complexity of military identity, the authors developed the Military Identity Model (MIM). Military leaders, policymakers, and health care professionals are encouraged to recognize the complex nature of military identity and its impact on mental health and well-being. We recommend using the Military Identity Model to explore military identity and adjustment-related difficulties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn Heward
- James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
| | - Wendy Li
- James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
| | - Ylona Chun Tie
- James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu L, Zhao H. Research on consumers' purchase intention of cultural and creative products-Metaphor design based on traditional cultural symbols. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301678. [PMID: 38739577 PMCID: PMC11090307 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Chinese traditional cultural symbols possess great aesthetic and cultural value, and are widely utilized in product design. In this study, we explore the relationship between metaphor design based on traditional cultural symbols, customer experience and cultural identity, and further estimate how these three variables stimulate consumers' perceived value to generate consumers' purchase intention. Based on existing traditional cultural literature and Stimulus-organism-response theory (SOR), we proposed a theoretical research model to characterize the relationship among metaphor design based on traditional cultural symbols, customer experience, cultural identity, perceived value and consumers' purchase intention. A research survey was conducted and 262 questionnaires were collected in total with 241 valid. We used Smart PLS graph version 3.0 for data analysis. Results indicate that the cognition of metaphor design based on traditional cultural symbols and customer experience has a direct and significant impact on the emotional value thereby, eliciting consumers' purchase intention, metaphor design based on traditional cultural symbols is directly and indirectly (i.e., through customer experience or perceived value) positively associated with consumers' purchase intention, also customer experience is directly and indirectly (i.e., through perceived value) associated with consumer purchase intention, cultural identity mediates the indirect effect of customer experience and perceived value on purchase intention, the moderating role of cultural identity between customer experience and perceived value is not significant. Our findings help to expand the existing literature on consumer purchase intentions by rationally using traditional cultural symbols in the product metaphor design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Liu
- College of Economics and Management, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongxia Zhao
- College of Economics and Management, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bobba B, Thijs J, Crocetti E. Us, them and we: How national and human identifications influence adolescents' ethnic prejudice. BRITISH JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38709561 DOI: 10.1111/bjso.12755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Although there have been numerous studies on the relations between group identification and ethnic prejudice, it is less clear whether their associations reflect stable individual tendencies or rather situational or temporal fluctuations. This longitudinal multilevel study aimed to fill this gap by examining the between- and within-person associations of identification with the national and superordinate human groups and levels of prejudice against multiple ethnic minorities. A total of 883 Italian majority adolescents (Mage = 15.66, SD = 1.15 at T1, 49.7% females) completed questionnaires at four time points over the course of 1 year. Results showed that national identification was related to more prejudice at the between-person level but to decreases in prejudice at the within-person level. Additionally, human identification contributed to lower levels of and steeper decreases in prejudice at both the between- and within-person levels. Common and unique associations also emerged across different ethnic minority targets, but only for between-person effects. Overall, this study highlights the importance of distinguishing stable individual levels and momentary fluctuations of both ingroup identifications and ethnic prejudice in order to orient future interventions aimed at improving the quality of intergroup relationships.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Bobba
- Department of Psychology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Jochem Thijs
- European Research Centre on Migration and Ethnic Relations, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Elisabetta Crocetti
- Department of Psychology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Van der Hallen R, De Pauw SSW, Prinzie P. Coping, (mal)adaptive personality and identity in young adults: A network analysis. Dev Psychopathol 2024; 36:736-749. [PMID: 36794427 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579423000020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Coping, personality, and identity are three well-known constructs within the field of psychology. Yet, findings regarding how these constructs relate to each other have been inconsistent. The present study employs network analysis to investigate coping, adaptive and maladaptive personality, and identity and how they are related, using data from the Flemish Study on Parenting, Personality, and Development (FSPPD; Prinzie et al., 2003; 1999-current). Young adults (N = 457; 47% male), aged between 17-23 years old, completed a survey on coping, adaptive and maladaptive personality, and identity. Results indicate clear associations between coping and both adaptive and maladaptive personality within the network, suggesting coping and personality are distinct, yet highly related constructs whereas identity proved largely unrelated. Potential implications and suggestions for future research are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Van der Hallen
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, PA, The Netherlands
| | - Sarah S W De Pauw
- Department of Developmental, Personality and Social Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter Prinzie
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, PA, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wong TKY, Hamza CA. Longitudinal Associations among Identity Processes and Mental Health in Young Adulthood: The Mediating Role of Social Support. J Youth Adolesc 2024; 53:814-832. [PMID: 37864731 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-023-01883-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
Emerging adulthood (ages 18-25) is a period of identity exploration, particularly for young adults navigating the transition to post-secondary school. Little is known about how changes in identity exploration may be related to emerging adults' mental health, or the role of social support plays in identity-related processes. In the present study, associations among identity exploration, internalizing symptoms, and perceived social support were examined. Participants included a diverse group of emerging adults (N = 1,125, Mage = 17.96 years) studying at a Canadian university. Random-intercept cross-lagged modeling demonstrated that within-person increases in exploration in breadth predicted fewer depressive symptoms over time, whereas within-person increases in exploration in depth predicted more depressive and anxious symptoms over time. A mediation effect from perceived support from significant other to depressive symptoms via exploration in breadth was also evident. Findings suggest that identity exploratory processes may be developmentally relevant in emerging adulthood, but their implications for mental health may differ. Perceived social support is also meaningfully related to identity exploration and mental health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tracy K Y Wong
- Applied Psychology and Human Development, Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Educational Psychology, Faculty of Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Chloe A Hamza
- Applied Psychology and Human Development, Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
De Lise F, Luyckx K, Crocetti E. Identity Matters for Well-Being: The Longitudinal Associations Between Identity Processes and Well-Being in Adolescents with Different Cultural Backgrounds. J Youth Adolesc 2024; 53:910-926. [PMID: 37938483 PMCID: PMC10879306 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-023-01901-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Adolescents' identity processes and their levels of well-being are likely to be intertwined. On the one hand, how adolescents cope with the core developmental task of forming their identity has important implications for their well-being. On the other hand, experiencing a condition of well-being can help adolescents consolidate their identity. This longitudinal study adopted a multidimensional and culturally sensitive perspective to unravel how identity processes (i.e., commitment, in-depth exploration, and reconsideration of commitment) in two domains (i.e., educational and interpersonal identity) were developmentally related to multiple indicators of positive well-being (i.e., physical health, subjective, psychological, and social well-being) in adolescents with different cultural backgrounds. Participants were 1396 adolescents (Mage = 15.73, SDage = 1.23, 49.93% females; 20.89% with a migrant background) who completed questionnaires at four-time points across one year. Results of cross-lagged models confirmed the positive reciprocal associations between identity commitment and well-being in all its facets. The nuanced picture of associations of in-depth exploration and reconsideration of commitment with multiple dimensions of well-being highlighted the importance of adopting a multi-dimensional perspective on well-being and a domain-specific approach to identity. Multigroup analyses indicated that the associations between identity commitment in the educational domain and well-being are relevant, especially for adolescents with a migrant background. Overall, this study highlights the centrality of identity processes for adolescents' adaptation and points to a dynamic loop of reciprocal influences at the core of youth positive development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca De Lise
- Department of Psychology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Koen Luyckx
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Elisabetta Crocetti
- Department of Psychology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Jia W, Liu L, Peng G. The Impact of Social Media on Users' Self-Efficacy and Loneliness: An Analysis of the Mediating Mechanism of Social Support. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2024; 17:593-612. [PMID: 38379636 PMCID: PMC10876441 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s449079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The integration of social media into all areas of society has become a typical phenomenon of the Internet era. This study's core objective is to dissect the relationship between social media, self-efficacy and loneliness, especially emphasizing the mediating function of social support. Patients and Methods The research data is derived from the pooled cross-sectional data combined from the four-period data of the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS). The study employs Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression as the basic research method, and utilizes Instrumental Variables (IV) and other methods to conduct robustness checks. Results Social media usage frequency (SMUF) enhances self-efficacy and loneliness through social support. Social support promotes self-efficacy and alleviates users' loneliness. In self-efficacy, social support plays a fully mediating role. Moreover, education (human capital) has a significant moderating effect. There are noticeable differences in the response of different characteristics groups to SMUF. Conclusion This study reveals how social media impacts self-efficacy and loneliness through social support. Based on the research results, avoiding prolonged usage of social media and improving digital literacy are the crucial means to exert the positive benefits of social media.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jia
- School of Politics and Public Administration, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Liu
- School of Politics and Public Administration, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gang Peng
- School of Statistics, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Crocetti E, Karataş S, Branje S, Bobba B, Rubini M. Navigating Across Heritage and Destination Cultures: How Personal Identity and Social Identification Processes Relate to Domain-Specific Acculturation Orientations in Adolescence. J Youth Adolesc 2024; 53:397-415. [PMID: 37775692 PMCID: PMC10764387 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-023-01870-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Personal identity and social identification processes can be challenging for adolescents belonging to an ethnic minority, who have to cope with the acculturation task of navigating several (and often conflictual) alternatives put forth by their cultural heritage community and destination society. Because identity and acculturation tasks are embedded in core domains of adolescents' life, this three-wave longitudinal study with ethnic minority adolescents (N = 244, 43.4% male; Mage = 14.9) examined how personal identity processes and social identifications are related to acculturation orientations in the education and friendship domains. Results of traditional cross-lagged models showed that, in the educational domain, adolescents who scored higher on cultural heritage maintenance compared to their peers, scored higher on commitment later on. In the friendship domain, stronger associations were found, such that adolescents who scored higher on cultural heritage maintenance compared to their peers, reported higher commitment and in-depth exploration later on, while those who scored higher on identification with friends reported over time also higher cultural heritage maintenance and destination culture adoption. Random-intercept crossed-lagged models indicated that, when adolescents reported above their own average on reconsideration of educational commitment, they reported increased cultural heritage maintenance later on. Furthermore, consistent associations (at baseline and over time) emerged. Overall, this study points to virtuous alliances between the fulfillment of tasks related to adolescents' identity development and acculturation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Crocetti
- Department of Psychology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Savaş Karataş
- Department of Psychology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Education and Pedagogy, Educational Psychology-Socialisation and Culture Research Group, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Susan Branje
- Department of Youth and Family, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Beatrice Bobba
- Department of Psychology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Monica Rubini
- Department of Psychology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Postigo-Zegarra S, Schoeps K, Pérez-Marín M, Lacomba-Trejo L, Valero-Moreno S. Personal and family factors for emotional distress in adolescents with chronic disease. Front Psychol 2024; 14:1304683. [PMID: 38259579 PMCID: PMC10801719 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1304683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Physical and psychological comorbidity is a challenge for public health, especially in the adolescent stage due to the difficulties of this age. The salutogenic perspective emphasizes general psychological resources such as self-esteem but also highlights the role of contextual factors such as family members in promoting health. From this perspective, the objective of this study was to analyze the joint influence of demographic factors (sex, age and type of chronic disease), personal factors (self-esteem and perception of threat of the disease) and family factors (affection and communication, psychological and behavioral control) of risk of emotional distress (anxiety-depressive symptoms) in chronically ill adolescents. Methods The study is a cross-sectional design with 495 adolescents with chronic disease aged 12-16 years. In order to obtain the results, a linear methodology was used to compare means and perform regressions to predict belonging to the anxiety and depression typologies. Four typologies were constructed: typology I (high anxiety and depression scores); typology II (high anxiety and low depression scores); typology III (low anxiety and high depression scores) and typology IV (low anxiety and depression scores). Results The results were consistent with the salutugenic theory. Potential mediating or moderating roles of age, sex, self-esteem, perceived threat and psychological and behavioral control marked the differences between the typologies. Discussion This population could benefit from interventions focused on family flexibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Postigo-Zegarra
- Personality, Assessment and Psychological Department, Faculty of Psychology and Speech Therapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, European University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Konstanze Schoeps
- Personality, Assessment and Psychological Department, Faculty of Psychology and Speech Therapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marián Pérez-Marín
- Personality, Assessment and Psychological Department, Faculty of Psychology and Speech Therapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Laura Lacomba-Trejo
- Educational and Developmental Psychology Department, Faculty of Psychology and Speech Therapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Selene Valero-Moreno
- Personality, Assessment and Psychological Department, Faculty of Psychology and Speech Therapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Sugimura K, Hihara S, Hatano K, Crocetti E. Adolescents' Identity Development Predicts the Transition and the Adjustment to Tertiary Education or Work. J Youth Adolesc 2023; 52:2344-2356. [PMID: 37561288 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-023-01838-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Although identity development is crucial in individuals' psychological adjustment from adolescence to adulthood, little is known about its impact in the transition to tertiary education or work. This study examined whether identity development during high school predicts career choices and adjustment (i.e., engagement) and maladjustment (i.e., burnout) after graduation. A total of 357 Japanese adolescents participated throughout the 3-year period of vocational high school (Mage = 15.75; 62.75% girls). A follow-up assessment, at 18 months after the school-to-tertiary education or school-to-work transitions, was conducted. Higher identity synthesis during high school years predicted entry into tertiary education, while higher identity confusion predicted transition to work. Furthermore, higher identity synthesis during the high school years predicted higher post-graduation academic engagement, and higher levels of identity confusion predicted higher levels of post-graduation academic or work burnout. Overall, this study contributes to the understanding of the role of identity development in adolescence as a valuable asset for predicting the transition and the adjustment to tertiary education or work.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazumi Sugimura
- Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-1-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8524, Japan.
| | - Shogo Hihara
- Faculty of Business Administration, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime, 790-8578, Japan
| | - Kai Hatano
- Graduate School of Sustainable System Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan
| | - Elisabetta Crocetti
- Department of Psychology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 5, Cesena, FC, 47521, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bobba B, Lynch LS, Sugimura K, Crocetti E. I was, I am, I will be: Identity and time perspective before and during COVID-19. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2023; 33:762-773. [PMID: 36747335 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The ways in which youth reach a stable identity, a core developmental task of emerging adulthood, are intertwined with their perceptions of the past, present, and future. Additionally, these dynamics are embedded in and are strongly influenced by the socio-historical context and concurrent events, such as COVID-19. This study examines how different groups of emerging adults (university students and workers) engage in identity processes in educational/vocational and interpersonal domains and frame their perspective of time before (N = 299, Mage = 21.90; 51.4% females) and during the pandemic (N = 497; Mage = 23.11; 68.2% females). Significant differences in identity processes and time perspective emerged between the two cohorts. Moreover, significant associations between identity and time perspective were found to be similar across different identity domains and cohorts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Bobba
- Department of Psychology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lucia Stella Lynch
- Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kazumi Sugimura
- Department of Psychology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Elisabetta Crocetti
- Department of Psychology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Albarello F, Manganelli S, Cavicchiolo E, Lucidi F, Chirico A, Alivernini F. Addressing Adolescents' Prejudice toward Immigrants: The Role of the Classroom Context. J Youth Adolesc 2023; 52:951-966. [PMID: 36581777 PMCID: PMC9799707 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-022-01725-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
According to social learning theory, classrooms are essential socialization contexts for intergroup attitudes, but analyses of contextual factors net of the impact of individual variables affecting prejudice toward immigrants are very limited. This study was conducted on a large sample of Italian adolescents (N = 2904; Mage = 13.70; females = 48.5%; 168 classrooms). It examined the role of classroom contextual factors affecting adolescents' prejudice toward immigrants, relying on the combination of groups' warmth and competence, and their antecedents (i.e., competition and status). Multilevel structural equation analyses revealed that classroom contextual factors (i.e., classroom socio-economic status-SES; classroom open to discussion climate; classroom educational achievements) indirectly affected, at the class level, adolescents' perceived warmth and competence of immigrants through the mediating role of perceived competition (and status) of immigrants. These findings suggest that interventions targeting the classroom context can help to hinder prejudice in adolescence at the class level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Albarello
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Manganelli
- National Institute for the Evaluation of the Education System (INVALSI), Rome, Italy.
| | - Elisa Cavicchiolo
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Lucidi
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Chirico
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabio Alivernini
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
The Association between Sleep Patterns, Educational Identity, and School Performance in Adolescents. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13020178. [PMID: 36831721 PMCID: PMC9954600 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13020178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Adolescents' school experience can be developmentally related to adolescents' sleep. This study aimed to understand how sleep patterns (i.e., sleep duration and sleep-schedule) and weekend sleep-recovery strategies (i.e., social jetlag and weekend catch-up sleep) are associated with adolescents' school experience (i.e., educational identity and school performance). Moreover, the differences in the school experiences between adolescents with different numbers of weekend-sleep-recovery strategies were assessed. For this purpose, 542 Italian adolescents (55.2% females, mean age 15.6 years) wore an actigraph for one week. After the actigraphic assessment, questionnaires on educational identity and school performance were administered. Results showed that short sleep-duration, later bedtime during weekdays and weekends, and a higher amount of social jetlag were negatively associated with school performance. Furthermore, adolescents who did not use any sleep-recovery strategy during the weekend presented lower levels of educational in-depth exploration compared to adolescents with higher levels of catch-up sleep but not social jetlag. These data pointed out a potentially detrimental role of social jetlag on school performance and differences in identity processes between adolescents who used and those who did not use sleep-recovery strategies, which could affect adolescents' psychosocial adjustment.
Collapse
|
16
|
Karataş S, Crocetti E, Schwartz SJ, Rubini M. Developmental trajectories of ethnic and national identities in adolescents from migrant families: The role of social identification with family and classmates. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/08902070221149602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Given that adolescents from migrant families live within at least two cultural contexts (i.e., the heritage and the destination cultures), they generally must negotiate and construct ethnic and national identities. Accordingly, the present three-wave longitudinal study was designed to identify distinct developmental trajectories of ethnic and national identities among adolescents from migrant families ( n = 244, 56.6% female; Mage = 14.90, SDage = 0.84 at Time 1). Multivariate latent class growth analyses indicated that participants could be classified into one of four groups based on their identity profiles: ethnic-oriented identity, national-oriented identity, dual identity, and marginalized identity. Further, social identification with family and classmates was examined as a predictor of memberships in these distinct identity profiles. Results of multinomial logistic regression analysis indicated that greater social identification with family increased the probability of being classified into the ethnic-oriented and dual identity profiles rather than into the marginalized identity profile, whereas greater social identification with classmates increased the likelihood of being classified into either national-oriented or dual identity profiles rather than into the marginalized identity profile. These findings provide novel insights into the roles of families and peers as influential socializing agents during the negotiation of ethnic and national identities among immigrant youth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Savaş Karataş
- Department of Psychology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Crocetti
- Department of Psychology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Seth J. Schwartz
- Departments of Kinesiology, Health Education, and Educational Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Monica Rubini
- Department of Psychology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abdo ZA, Seid SA, Woldekiros AN. Self-perception of physical appearance of adolescents and associated factors in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281202. [PMID: 36706128 PMCID: PMC9882736 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Establishing a positive body image is a critical factor for adolescents' physical and mental health, as it determines self-confidence, and sustainable individual growth and development throughout their lives. This reality needs to be supported by evidences generated locally. However, there is a lack of information in this regard in the study setting. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the self-perception of one's physical appearance and its associated factors among adolescents in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. METHODS AND MATERIALS A community-based, cross-sectional study design was used to conduct the study. At the end of the multistage sampling procedure, a systematic random sampling technique was employed to select 308 study participants from selected districts. The questionnaire was adapted from previous studies as it was appropriate for local context. The data collectors were trained before the data collection and supervised during the data collection period, and the questionnaire was pretested. Bivariate logistic regression was used to identify candidate variables, and then variables with p<0.2 were taken to multiple logistic regressions to identify independent associated factors. Statistical significance was considered at P <0.05 with adjusted odds ratios calculated at 95% CIs. RESULT A total of 283 adolescents were participated in the study, with a response rate of 91.9%. The overall good self-perception of one's physical appearance was 48.4% [95% CI = 43.8, 54.1]. Having a BMI between 18.5 kg/m2-24.9 kg/m2 (AOR = 2.56; 95% CI: 1.45, 4.54), presence of enough sport fields in the school (AOR = 1.89; 95% CI: 1.09, 3.29), having daily access to internet services (AOR = 1.69; 95% CI: 1.07, 2.94), following Ethiopian movies/cinemas (AOR = 2.46; 95% CI: 1.46, 4.15), and regularly following western movies/cinemas (AOR = 2.0; 95% CI: 1.11, 3.59) were significantly associated with a good self-perception of one's physical appearance. CONCLUSION According to this study, only 48.4% of respondents reported a good self-perception of their physical appearance. Adolescents and their family need to work to bring normal body mass index, which in turn will increase good self-perceptions of their physical appearance. Schools and the local administrations need to increase availability and access to enough sport fields for students to strengthen their physical fitness, which increases their good self-perception of their physical appearance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziyad Ahmed Abdo
- Ethiopian Ministry of Health, Department of Hygiene and Environmental Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- * E-mail:
| | - Semira Ahmed Seid
- Ethiopian Ministry of Health, Department of Public Relation and Communication, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Aynye Negesse Woldekiros
- Ethiopian Ministry of Health, Department of Public Relation and Communication, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Albarello F, Rubini M. At the roots of attribution of human rights to migrants. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1046616. [PMID: 36605260 PMCID: PMC9807812 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1046616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study (N = 141, M age = 20.15) aimed at deepening knowledge on the factors that can lead young adults to deny the inalienability of human rights to migrants by examining whether, under realistic and symbolic intergroup threat (versus no-threat), the denial of human rights to migrants increases. In doing so, the role of fraternalistic relative deprivation in mediating this relation was examined. Also, two potential positive factors were considered: in-depth exploration of personal identity in the educational domain and identification with the human group. Intergroup threat was expected to enhance perceived relative deprivation, thus reducing the attribution of human rights to migrants. Such relation was expected to be mediated by those factors expressing complex views of self and others (in-depth exploration of identity in the educational domain and identification with the human group). Method Realistic and symbolic threat were experimentally manipulated through a written scenario. In the no-threat condition, no scenario was presented. Results Showed significant effects of intergroup threat on the attribution of human rights to migrants, on perceived fraternalistic relative deprivation, on in-depth exploration of identity in the educational domain and identification with the human group. More specifically, intergroup realistic threat, but not symbolic threat, reduced the attribution of human rights to migrants and identification with the human group. Symbolic threat, but not realistic threat, increased the perception of fraternalistic relative deprivation, whereas both realistic and symbolic threat reduced in-depth exploration of identity in the educational domain, and identification with the human group. As shown by the sequential mediation analysis, and as expected, the effect of intergroup threat in reducing attribution of human rights to migrants was mediated by in-depth exploration of identity in the educational domain, identification with the human group, and fraternalistic relative deprivation. Implications of findings concerning the processes underlying identification with the human group and its beneficial effects in terms of humanization of a stigmatized outgroup were highlighted by stressing the intertwined nature of personal identity and social identity processes. The importance of complex views of self and others in helping to create inclusive generations of adults was also highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Albarello
- Department of Education and Social Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Monica Rubini
- Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Emilia-Romagna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Baba IA, Rihan FA, Humphries UW, Mikailu BB. A Fractional Order Model Studying the Role of Negative and Positive Attitudes towards Vaccination. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10122135. [PMID: 36560543 PMCID: PMC9784573 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10122135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A fractional-order model consisting of a system of four equations in a Caputo-Fabrizio sense is constructed. This paper investigates the role of negative and positive attitudes towards vaccination in relation to infectious disease proliferation. Two equilibrium points, i.e., disease-free and endemic, are computed. Basic reproduction ratio is also deducted. The existence and uniqueness properties of the model are established. Stability analysis of the solutions of the model is carried out. Numerical simulations are carried out and the effects of negative and positive attitudes towards vaccination areclearly shown; the significance of the fractional-order from the biological point of view is also established. The positive effect of increasing awareness, which in turn increases positive attitudes towards vaccination, is also shown numerically.The results show that negative attitudes towards vaccination increase infectious disease proliferation and this can only be limited by mounting awareness campaigns in the population. It is also clear from our findings that the high vaccine hesitancy during the COVID-19 pandemicisan important problem, and further efforts should be madeto support people and give them correct information about vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isa Abdullahi Baba
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Mongkuts University of Science and Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangkok 10140, Thailand
- Department of Mathematics, Bayero University Kano, Kano 700006, Nigeria
| | - Fathalla A. Rihan
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, College of Science, UAE University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt
| | - Usa Wannasingha Humphries
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Mongkuts University of Science and Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangkok 10140, Thailand
- Correspondence:
| | | |
Collapse
|