1
|
Martin Ginis KA, Sinden AR, Bonaccio S, Labbé D, Guertin C, Gellatly IR, Koch L, Ben Mortenson W, Routhier F, Basham CA, Jetha A, Miller WC. Experiential Aspects of Participation in Employment and Mobility for Adults With Physical Disabilities: Testing Cross-Sectional Models of Contextual Influences and Well-Being Outcomes. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2024; 105:303-313. [PMID: 37607656 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2023.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To use structural equation modeling to test research- and theory-informed models of potential predictors and outcomes of subjective experiences of employment and mobility participation in a national sample of people with physical disabilities. DESIGN Cross-sectional survey. SETTING Canada. PARTICIPANTS English or French-speaking adults with a physical impairment affecting mobility and restricting activities or participation, and who participated in employment (n=457) or mobility (n=711) life domains. INTERVENTIONS N/A. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Participants completed standardized measures of perceived health, and employment-specific and/or mobility-specific measures of perceived abilities, social support, accessibility and policies (predictor variables); the Measure of Experiential Aspects of Participation (MeEAP) in employment and/or mobility; and standardized measures of emotional well-being, social well-being and life satisfaction (outcome variables). RESULTS Analyses using structural equation modeling showed that in both employment and mobility domains, perceived health, abilities, social support, and accessibility were positively related to experiential aspects of participation. Participation experiences were positively related to social well-being, emotional well-being, and life satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS Results support and extend current theorizing on participation experiences among adults with physical disabilities. Intrapersonal and environmental factors may play a role in optimizing participation experiences in employment and mobility which, in turn, may lead to better well-being and life satisfaction. These results emphasize the importance of conceptualizing participation from an experiential perspective and provide a basis for advancing theory and practice to understand and improve the participation experiences and well-being of adults living with physical disabilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen A Martin Ginis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Centre for Chronic Disease Prevention and Management, Kelowna, Canada; School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, Canada; International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
| | - Adrienne R Sinden
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, Canada
| | - Silvia Bonaccio
- Telfer School of Management, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada; Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Canada
| | - Delphine Labbé
- Disability and Human Development Department, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL
| | - Camille Guertin
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, Canada
| | - Ian R Gellatly
- Department of Strategy, Entrepreneurship, and Management, Alberta School of Business, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Laura Koch
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - W Ben Mortenson
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Rehabilitation Research Program, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - François Routhier
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration, Quebec, Canada; Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - C Andrew Basham
- School of Population and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Arif Jetha
- Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - William C Miller
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rugulies R, Aust B, Greiner BA, Arensman E, Kawakami N, LaMontagne AD, Madsen IEH. Work-related causes of mental health conditions and interventions for their improvement in workplaces. Lancet 2023; 402:1368-1381. [PMID: 37838442 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(23)00869-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Mental health problems and disorders are common among working people and are costly for the affected individuals, employers, and whole of society. This discussion paper provides an overview of the current state of knowledge on the relationship between work and mental health to inform research, policy, and practice. We synthesise available evidence, examining both the role of working conditions in the development of mental disorders, and what can be done to protect and promote mental health in the workplace. We show that exposure to some working conditions is associated with an increased risk of the onset of depressive disorders, the most studied mental disorders. The causality of the association, however, is still debated. Causal inference should be supported by more research with stronger linkage to theory, better exposure assessment, better understanding of biopsychosocial mechanisms, use of innovative analytical methods, a life-course perspective, and better understanding of the role of context, including the role of societal structures in the development of mental disorders. There is growing evidence for the effectiveness of interventions to protect and promote mental health and wellbeing in the workplace; however, there is a disproportionate focus on interventions directed towards individual workers and illnesses, compared with interventions for improving working conditions and enhancing mental health. Moreover, research on work and mental health is mainly done in high-income countries, and often does not address workers in lower socioeconomic positions. Flexible and innovative approaches tailored to local conditions are needed in implementation research on workplace mental health to complement experimental studies. Improvements in translating workplace mental health research to policy and practice, such as through workplace-oriented concrete guidance for interventions, and by national policies and programmes focusing on the people most in need, could capitalise on the growing interest in workplace mental health, possibly yielding important mental health gains in working populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reiner Rugulies
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark; Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Birgit Aust
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Ella Arensman
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; National Suicide Research Foundation, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Norito Kawakami
- Department of Digital Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Junpukai Foundation, Okayama, Japan
| | - Anthony D LaMontagne
- School of Health and Social Development, Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Ida E H Madsen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Martin S. Using values in cognitive and behavioral therapy: A bridge back to philosophy. J Eval Clin Pract 2023; 29:1189-1195. [PMID: 37226577 DOI: 10.1111/jep.13872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Ancient therapeutic practices have influenced the development of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) theories such as Albert Ellis's rational emotive behavior therapy and Aaron Beck's cognitive therapy. By drawing inspiration from Socratic questioning, the importance of philosophy in evidence-based practices in human mental health can be acknowledged. Stoicism has also informed CBT, notably its emphasis on establishing psychological distance from emotions. Cognition and emotion are two aspects of mental processes, and irrational demands are processed through rational deliberation. Using mental imaging techniques and acceptance strategies (to accept oneself and the world as imperfect), avoiding catastrophic interpretations and acknowledging emotions are also included among such practices. METHODS: We will explore the use of values across CBT, acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), and radically open dialectical behavioral therapy (RO DBT) to clarify their use of values. RESULTS: In this framework, values are conceptualized as life-orienting principles and are now widely used across CBTs, such as acceptance and commitment therapy and radically open dialectical behavioral therapy. In recent years, the development of CBT has involved a renewed relationship with philosophy through the use of values, interest in dialectics and development of self-questioning practices reminiscent of classical Socratic principles. This movement from applied clinical psychology toward philosophical skills has also encouraged the recent emergence of philosophical health considerations. The opposition between psychological and philosophical health can be questioned, and the fundamental issue of philosophical skills implemented in psychiatric treatment (and not solely as practices of enhancement for the sane) needs to be considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Martin
- Center for Research and Bioethics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Clinical Psychologist specialized in CBT, Psycho-TCCE Private Practice, Nîmes, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Marciano L, Vocaj E, Bekalu MA, La Tona A, Rocchi G, Viswanath K. The Use of Mobile Assessments for Monitoring Mental Health in Youth: Umbrella Review. J Med Internet Res 2023; 25:e45540. [PMID: 37725422 PMCID: PMC10548333 DOI: 10.2196/45540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Improving mental health in youth is a major concern. Future approaches to monitor and intervene in youth mental health problems should rely on mobile tools that allow for the daily monitoring of mental health both actively (eg, using ecological momentary assessments [EMAs]) and passively (eg, digital phenotyping) by capturing individuals' data. OBJECTIVE This umbrella review aims to (1) report the main characteristics of existing reviews on mental health and young people, including mobile approaches to mental health; (2) describe EMAs and trace data and the mental health conditions investigated; (3) report the main results; and (4) outline promises, limitations, and directions for future research. METHODS A systematic literature search was carried out in 9 scientific databases (Communication & Mass Media Complete, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, PsycINFO, CINAHL, ERIC, MEDLINE, the ProQuest Sociology Database, Web of Science, and PubMed) on January 30, 2022, coupled with a hand search and updated in July 2022. We included (systematic) reviews of EMAs and trace data in the context of mental health, with a specific focus on young populations, including children, adolescents, and young adults. The quality of the included reviews was evaluated using the AMSTAR (Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews) checklist. RESULTS After the screening process, 30 reviews (published between 2016 and 2022) were included in this umbrella review, of which 21 (70%) were systematic reviews and 9 (30%) were narrative reviews. The included systematic reviews focused on symptoms of depression (5/21, 24%); bipolar disorders, schizophrenia, or psychosis (6/21, 29%); general ill-being (5/21, 24%); cognitive abilities (2/21, 9.5%); well-being (1/21, 5%); personality (1/21, 5%); and suicidal thoughts (1/21, 5%). Of the 21 systematic reviews, 15 (71%) summarized studies that used mobile apps for tracing, 2 (10%) summarized studies that used them for intervention, and 4 (19%) summarized studies that used them for both intervention and tracing. Mobile tools used in the systematic reviews were smartphones only (8/21, 38%), smartphones and wearable devices (6/21, 29%), and smartphones with other tools (7/21, 33%). In total, 29% (6/21) of the systematic reviews focused on EMAs, including ecological momentary interventions; 33% (7/21) focused on trace data; and 38% (8/21) focused on both. Narrative reviews mainly focused on the discussion of issues related to digital phenotyping, existing theoretical frameworks used, new opportunities, and practical examples. CONCLUSIONS EMAs and trace data in the context of mental health assessments and interventions are promising tools. Opportunities (eg, using mobile approaches in low- and middle-income countries, integration of multimodal data, and improving self-efficacy and self-awareness on mental health) and limitations (eg, absence of theoretical frameworks, difficulty in assessing the reliability and effectiveness of such approaches, and need to appropriately assess the quality of the studies) were further discussed. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42022347717; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=347717.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Marciano
- Lee Kum Sheung Center for Health and Happiness, Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Emanuela Vocaj
- Lombard School of Cognitive-Neuropsychological Psychotherapy, Pavia, Italy
| | - Mesfin A Bekalu
- Lee Kum Sheung Center for Health and Happiness, Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Antonino La Tona
- Dipartimento di Scienze Umane e Sociali, Università degli Studi di Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Giulia Rocchi
- Department of Dynamic, Clinical Psychology and Health Studies, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Kasisomayajula Viswanath
- Lee Kum Sheung Center for Health and Happiness, Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Behrendt D, Boß L, Hannibal S, Kunzler AM, Wessa M, Lehr D. Feasibility and efficacy of a digital resilience training: A pilot study of the strengths-based training RESIST. Internet Interv 2023; 33:100649. [PMID: 37545556 PMCID: PMC10400467 DOI: 10.1016/j.invent.2023.100649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Work-related stress is a risk factor for a number of adverse health and work outcomes. Resilience trainings are a promising approach for adequately dealing with work stress and keeping employees mentally healthy. However, results of previous resilience trainings have been heterogeneous, ranging from null findings to large effects. Existing digital resilience interventions show a lack of consistency in terms of an underlying theoretical framework and methods used to foster resilience. Positive Appraisal Style Theory of Resilience offers an innovative conceptualization of resilience. Strengths-based cognitive behavioral therapy is a corresponding therapeutically method reflecting resilience as a resource-oriented process of dealing with stress. Based on this background, a new hybrid web-and app-based digital resilience intervention for employees named RESIST was developed. Objective The first aim of the study was to investigate the feasibility of the newly developed training RESIST regarding its usability, user behavior, user experience and motivation to use. Second, the study sought to explore preliminary effects of the intervention on reducing stress and enhancing resilience by conducting a pilot randomized controlled trial. Methods The feasibility study was conducted in three phases. First, the usability of the app was investigated in a pre-test with five participants using a thinking-aloud method. Second, the preliminary efficacy of the training was examined in a pilot randomized controlled trial. A sample of 30 employees were randomized either to receive the resilience training (n = 15) or to be member of a control group (n = 15). The primary outcome was measuring perceived stress. Secondary outcomes included measures of resilience and depressive symptoms. Third, semi-structured interviews were undertaken with six participants of the resilience training group on training content, motivation for use, and user experience. Results Overall, results indicate that RESIST can be a feasible training for resilience promotion and stress reduction with high user satisfaction. Analysis of covariance showed that, relative to controls, participants who received RESIST reported significantly lower stress scores at post-intervention (F1,27 = 16.91, p < 0.001; Cohen's d = 1.57; 95 % CI 0.71-2.43) than controls. Significant differences, with moderate-to-large effect sizes, were also detected for general resilience and various resilience factors. Conclusions Results are promising and provide hope that a hybrid web- and app-based resilience intervention based on strengths-based cognitive behavioral therapy can have a positive impact on dealing adequately with stress and improve resilience of employees.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dörte Behrendt
- Department of Health Psychology and Applied Biological Psychology, Institute for Sustainability Education and Psychology, Lueneburg, Germany
| | - Leif Boß
- Department of Health Psychology and Applied Biological Psychology, Institute for Sustainability Education and Psychology, Lueneburg, Germany
| | - Sandy Hannibal
- Department of Health Psychology and Applied Biological Psychology, Institute for Sustainability Education and Psychology, Lueneburg, Germany
| | - Angela M. Kunzler
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
- Institute for Evidence in Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michèle Wessa
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR), Mainz, Germany
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Neuropsychology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dirk Lehr
- Department of Health Psychology and Applied Biological Psychology, Institute for Sustainability Education and Psychology, Lueneburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Blasco-Giner C, Battistelli A, Meneghel I, Salanova M. Psychological Capital, Autonomous Motivation and Innovative Behavior: A Study Aimed at Employees in Social Networks. Psychol Rep 2023:332941231183614. [PMID: 37311221 DOI: 10.1177/00332941231183614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigates the relationship between positive psychological capital (PsyCap) and innovative work behavior (IWB), as mediated by autonomous motivation and participative leadership moderation. The study was conducted on a sample of 246 employees from various public and private organizations, recruited through different social networks. The moderated mediation analysis provided evidence about the impact of employees' PsyCap on their innovative behavior at work. This behavior will be higher when individual factors (PsyCap) and social factors (participative leadership) interact with one of the most self-determined forms of motivation. Our findings highlight the importance of the individual's positive psychological capital in activating the resources and motivation, necessary to develop innovative behavior in employees, thus achieving organizational success in today's dynamic and competitive business environment. The results also confirmed the moderating effect of participative leadership on the relationship between autonomous motivation and innovative behavior of employees, supporting that the relationship will be stronger when participative leadership is higher. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed, as well as limitations and suggestions for future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Blasco-Giner
- Department of Psychology EA4139, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; WANT Research Team, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló de La Plana, Spain
| | | | - Isabella Meneghel
- Area of Psychology and Mint Health, International University of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marisa Salanova
- WANT Research Team, Department of Developmental, Educational and Social Psychology, Jaume I University, Castello de la Plana, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Marciano L, Saboor S. Reinventing mental health care in youth through mobile approaches: Current status and future steps. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1126015. [PMID: 36968730 PMCID: PMC10033533 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1126015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In this perspective, we aim to bring together research on mobile assessments and interventions in the context of mental health care in youth. After the COVID-19 pandemic, one out of five young people is experiencing mental health problems worldwide. New ways to face this burden are now needed. Young people search for low-burden services in terms of costs and time, paired with high flexibility and easy accessibility. Mobile applications meet these principles by providing new ways to inform, monitor, educate, and enable self-help, thus reinventing mental health care in youth. In this perspective, we explore the existing literature reviews on mobile assessments and interventions in youth through data collected passively (e.g., digital phenotyping) and actively (e.g., using Ecological Momentary Assessments—EMAs). The richness of such approaches relies on assessing mental health dynamically by extending beyond the confines of traditional methods and diagnostic criteria, and the integration of sensor data from multiple channels, thus allowing the cross-validation of symptoms through multiple information. However, we also acknowledge the promises and pitfalls of such approaches, including the problem of interpreting small effects combined with different data sources and the real benefits in terms of outcome prediction when compared to gold-standard methods. We also explore a new promising and complementary approach, using chatbots and conversational agents, that encourages interaction while tracing health and providing interventions. Finally, we suggest that it is important to continue to move beyond the ill-being framework by giving more importance to intervention fostering well-being, e.g., using positive psychology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Marciano
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
- Lee Kum Sheung Center for Health and Happiness and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
- *Correspondence: Laura Marciano,
| | - Sundas Saboor
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Redín DM, Meyer M, Rego A. Positive leadership action framework: Simply doing good and doing well. Front Psychol 2023; 13:977750. [PMID: 36687856 PMCID: PMC9848739 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.977750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This article presents the Positive Leadership Action Framework (PLAF) to structure Positive Leadership (PL). The novelty of the PLAF is that it incorporates the connections of PL to positive outcomes (financial and economic performance and social well-being) and organizational virtuousness. Also, it acknowledges its conditional nature on the virtues to achieve flourishing within the organization and society at large. We argue that the leader's actions function as the engine for positive change within the organization, bridging the gap between individual virtues and organizational virtuousness and creating a feedback loop among both. To develop a positive organization, a leader needs to create positive assumptions among (and about) coworkers, positively impact the personal and professional development of employees, and balance positive formal and informal conditions at work. To do so, it is a sine qua non condition that the positive leader fosters his/her personal development by exercising the virtues and developing practical wisdom. In this way, the positive leader automatically provides followers with a vision of the final end towards the common good and achieves to set his/her organization on a pathway towards excellence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dulce M. Redín
- Department of Business, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain,*Correspondence: Dulce M. Redín,
| | - Marcel Meyer
- Department of Business, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Arménio Rego
- Católica Porto Business School, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Portugal,Business Research Unit, ISCTE-IUL, Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Gonçalves JPDB, Braghetta CC, Alvarenga WDA, Gorenstein C, Lucchetti G, Vallada H. Development of a comprehensive flourishing intervention to promote mental health using an e-Delphi technique. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1064137. [PMID: 36873221 PMCID: PMC9981953 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1064137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although observational studies have already shown promising results of flourishing, a broader concept of health based on positive psychology, there is still a gap in the literature regarding studies that combine different topics of flourishing in a single intervention. OBJECTIVES To develop a comprehensive and integrate intervention based on positive psychology gathering different topics of flourishing to improve mental health outcomes in individuals with depressive symptoms. METHODS The following steps were performed: (1) a comprehensive literature review; (2) the designing of a 12-session group intervention based on the values, virtues, and topics of flourishing; (3) assessment of the rationale, coherence, and feasibility by a panel of healthcare professionals answering semi-structured questions, and (4) application of an e-Delphi technique including mental health experts to reach a consensus of at least 80% for each item of the protocol. RESULTS A total of 25 experts participated in the study, 8 in the panel with semi-structured questions and 17 in the e-Delphi technique. A three-round e-Delphi technique was required to reach a consensus for all items. In the first round, a consensus was reached for 86.2% of the items. The remaining items (13.8%) were either excluded or reformulated. In the second round, a consensus was not obtained on one item, which was reformulated and approved in the third round. Qualitative analyses of the open questions were performed and suggestions for the protocol were considered. The final version of the intervention was composed of 12 weekly group sessions with 90-min each. The topics included in the intervention were physical and mental health, virtues and character strengths, love, gratitude, kindness, volunteering, happiness, social support, family, friends and community, forgiveness, compassion, resilience, spirituality, purpose and meaning of life, imagining the "best possible future," and flourishing. CONCLUSION The flourishing intervention was successfully developed using an e-Delphi technique. The intervention is ready to be tested in an experimental study to verify its feasibility and effectiveness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Clarice Gorenstein
- Institute and Department of Psychiatry (LIM-23), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giancarlo Lucchetti
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Homero Vallada
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Janka C, Stamm T, Heinze G, Dorner TE. A Training Programme for Developing Social and Personal Resources and Its Effects on the Perceived Stress Level in Adults in Daily Life-Study Protocol for a Prospective Cohort Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:523. [PMID: 36612844 PMCID: PMC9819783 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Persistent stress and insufficient coping strategies have negative consequences for physical and mental health. Teaching adults the skills needed to sustainably improve stress-buffering aspects of their character could contribute to the prevention of stress-related diseases. In this non-randomised, observational, prospective cohort study, participants of a training programme for developing social and personal skills, to which they previously self-assigned, are assessed. The 12-month training programme focuses on improving perceived stress level (primary outcome), health behaviour, presence of common somatic symptoms, satisfaction with life, quality of social relationships, and wellbeing by addressing life goals, meaning in life, sense of coherence, social and personal resources, and transcendence. Study participants are recruited from the training groups via the training organiser. Companions, persons with whom they share a close relationship, are recruited to assess the interpersonal diffusion effects of the training. Matched individuals not participating in the training are the control group. Parameter assessment follows a pre-, post-, and follow-up (6 months) design. Designed to improve health-related outcomes in adults by addressing personality characteristics and using Lozanov's superlearning principles to improve learning efficiency, this training programme is, to the study team's knowledge, the first of its kind. From a research perspective, the outcomes of this study can provide new insights into primary prevention of stress-related diseases and how the effects of these measures are passed on through common personal interaction. The trial has been pre-registered (registration number: NCT04165473).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Janka
- Center for Public Health, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15/1, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Tanja Stamm
- Center for Medical Data Science, Institute of Outcomes Research, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Arthritis and Rehabilitation, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Heinze
- Center for Medical Data Science, Institute of Clinical Biometrics, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas E. Dorner
- Center for Public Health, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15/1, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Karl-Landsteiner Institute for Health Promotion Research, Haus der Barmherzigkeit—Clementinum, Paltram 12, 3062 Kirchstetten, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Aruta JJBR. Psychometric Validation and Environmental Psychological Correlates of the Light Triad Traits. JOURNAL OF INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1027/1614-0001/a000389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. The Light Triad Scale (LTS) measures the concept of the Light Triad, which was conceptualized as personality traits that reflect a person’s loving and beneficent orientation toward others, consisting of Faith in Humanity, Humanism, and Kantianism. As a novel construct, the Light Triad has yet to establish its structural validity in non-Western countries and needs to demonstrate its association with environmental psychology constructs. This study aims to: (1) examine the structural and criterion validity of the LTS in the Philippines and (2) determine the influence of the Light Triad on environmental concerns and green purchase intentions. Data were collected through an online survey completed by 447 Filipino adolescents. Comparing three models (i.e., one-factor, two-factor, and intercorrelated three-factor models), the present findings corroborated the original model which proposed an intercorrelated three-factor model of the LTS. The LTS demonstrated criterion validity by establishing correlations with relevant measures of environmental psychological constructs. Additionally, path analysis showed that Humanism and Kantianism predicted green purchase intentions via an increase in environmental concern. Measurement and conceptual strengths, future directions, and limitations are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John Jamir Benzon R. Aruta
- Counseling and Educational Psychology Department, De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines
- Department of Psychology, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Pulido-Martos M, Cortés-Denia D, Luque-Reca O, Lopez-Zafra E. Authentic leadership and personal and job demands/resources: A person-centered approach and links with work-related subjective well-being. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03938-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe job demands-resources theory considers an open group of personal and job demands and resources. Thus, it allows us to include personal resources not yet covered (i.e., vigor at work) or less explored (i.e., emotional abilities), as well as personal demands not yet explored (i.e., overcommitment). Additionally, from this theory, it is proposed that leaders may influence employee wellbeing. Therefore, of particular interest is to analyze positive leadership styles, such as authentic leadership (AL). This study addresses three research objectives: 1) to identify profiles of employees from a person-centered approach, combining personal resources (self-perception of emotional abilities, vigor at work and self-efficacy) and personal demands (overcommitment) with job resources and demands; 2) to analyze the relation of the identified profiles with indicators of work-related subjective well-being; and 3) to acknowledge whether the AL style determines the pertaining to a profile probability. A large heterogeneous sample of Spanish employees (N = 968) responded to a questionnaire. Data were analyzed by adopting a person-centered approach using latent profile analysis. The results revealed five patterns of job and individual characteristics: Profile 5 (very low personal resources, and low job resources and demands); Profile 4 (low resources and high demands); Profile 3 (mid-level personal resources, high job resources and low demands); Profile 2 (high personal resources, mid-level job resources and high demands); and Profile 1 (high resources and low demands). Analyses showed that workers differed significantly in well-being depending on their profile membership, with Profile 1 having the highest well-being. Profiles that yielded the worst outcomes were Profile 4 and Profile 5, especially the latter. Finally, the results indicated that AL increased the probability that a profile would show a high well-being level.
Collapse
|
13
|
Jie Z, Roslan S, Muhamad MM, Md Khambari MN, Zaremohzzabieh Z. The Efficacy of Positive Education Intervention for Academic Boredom and Intrinsic Motivation among College Students: A Quasi-Experimental Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13323. [PMID: 36293911 PMCID: PMC9603046 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: The influence of academic boredom and intrinsic motivation on students' learning and achievements is receiving more attention from scholars. Nevertheless, studies on how intervention decreases academic boredom and promotes intrinsic motivation during study remain unexplored. (2) Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate whether positive education intervention based on the PERMA model would help Chinese college students with learning-related academic boredom, class-related academic boredom, and intrinsic motivation. (3) Methods: This study is quasi-experimental research with a control group including pre-test and post-test. The study was conducted with 173 students, including 86 (n1 = 86) experimental and 87 (n2 = 87) control group students. (4) Results: Results revealed that students in the intervention condition reported significant reductions in learning-related academic boredom and class-related academic boredom, and significant increases in intrinsic motivation in comparison to their counterparts in the control group. (5) Conclusions: These findings indicate that positive education intervention for college students is a promising approach to reducing academic boredom and increasing intrinsic motivation among Chinese college students.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Jie
- Department of Foundation Studies, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Samsilah Roslan
- Department of Foundation Studies, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Mokhtar Muhamad
- Department of Foundation Studies, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Mas Nida Md Khambari
- Department of Foundation Studies, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Zeinab Zaremohzzabieh
- Institute for Social Science Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sun Y, Wang MP, Ho SY, Chan CS, Man PKW, Kwok T, Wan ANT, Lam TH. A Smartphone App for Promoting Mental Well-being and Awareness of Anxious Symptoms in Adolescents: A Pilot Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial. Games Health J 2022; 11:393-402. [PMID: 36194074 DOI: 10.1089/g4h.2021.0215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To design a smartphone app and evaluate its effect on promoting mental well-being and awareness of anxious symptoms in adolescents. Materials and Methods: A pilot cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted with two secondary schools (390 students, mean age 13.1 years) randomized to the intervention and control groups. An app was designed to encourage "Sharing, Mind, and Enjoyment (SME)" between students and their parents (e.g., express gratitude), including interaction and game elements. The app was used daily over 1 month. The waitlist control group was offered the app after completing all assessments. The primary outcomes were changes in SME behaviors measured at 1 month and 3 months. Secondary outcomes included subjective happiness, well-being, personal health and happiness, family health, happiness and harmony, self-perceived knowledge, and understanding of anxious symptoms. Two focus groups of students and three individual in-depth interviews of community partners were conducted. Results: Seventeen of 152 students (11.2%) in the intervention group used the app together with parents (adherent subgroup) and 69 (45.4%) used it without involving parents. The intervention group did not show significant difference in the change of SME behaviors at 1- or 3-month follow-up compared with the control group. However, the intervention group reported greater increase in the awareness of anxious symptoms at follow-ups than the control group (d = 0.52 at 1 month and d = 0.43 at 3 month, both P < 0.001). Post hoc analysis showed a significantly greater increase in SME-related behaviors in the adherent subgroup than the control group at 3 months (d = 0.46, P = 0.04). The interviews found favorable changes in app users, but motivation to use the app was low in general. Both students and community partners suggested primary school students would be more receptive users. Conclusions: The app did not show effectiveness in increasing SME behaviors of students, but increased awareness of anxious symptoms. Further improvements and tests are warranted. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03361475.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Sun
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Man Ping Wang
- School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sai Yin Ho
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Christian S Chan
- Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Patrick K W Man
- School Social Work Service and Student Guidance Service, Tung Wah Group of Hospitals, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tyrone Kwok
- Technology-Enriched Learning Initiative, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Alice N T Wan
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Aberdeen Kai-fong Welfare Association Social Service Centre, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tai Hing Lam
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wickramasinghe V, Mallawaarachchi C. Organization support as an antecedent of self-efficacy during the COVID-19 lockdown in Sri Lanka. SN BUSINESS & ECONOMICS 2022; 2:147. [PMID: 36065382 PMCID: PMC9428869 DOI: 10.1007/s43546-022-00325-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to investigate organization support received by employees during the COVID-19 lockdown and its effect on self-efficacy. The study was conducted in Sri Lanka during the COVID-19 lockdown; a sample of employees who performed work in the form of work-from-home responded to the survey questionnaire. The data were analysed using structural equation modelling techniques. The findings led to identify four organization support practices implemented during the COVID-19 lockdown. These were named as work collaboration and coordination, work direction, psychological wellness, and physical wellness. These four practices significantly enhanced the self-efficacy of employees. The findings of the study imply that the traditional theories of social cognitive theory and positive psychology have enduring theoretical resonance to better understand contemporary phenomena with novel applications.
Collapse
|
16
|
Zerden LDS, Richman EL, Lombardi B, Forte AB. Frontline, Essential, and Invisible: The Needs of Low-Wage Workers in Hospital Settings During COVID-19. Workplace Health Saf 2022; 70:509-514. [PMID: 35848495 PMCID: PMC9630952 DOI: 10.1177/21650799221108490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Background: Frontline health care workers are particularly vulnerable to burnout and
diminished well-being as they endure COVID-19 pandemic-related stressors.
While physicians and nurses are the public face of those experiencing
burnout in hospitals, these stressors also affect low-wage workers such as
food and housekeeping/janitorial service workers whose roles largely remain
“invisible” when conceptualizing the essential health workforce and
understanding their needs. This study sought to understand the experiences
of frontline essential workers to better support them and prevent
burnout. Methods: Using a semi-structured interview guide, we conducted 20 in-depth qualitative
interviews with workers in three U.S. states. Thematic content analysis was
conducted to code and analyze interviews. Results: Workers had an average of 5.8 years in their jobs, which included food
services, housekeeping/janitorial, and patient transport roles. Analysis
revealed four prominent stressors contributing to worker burnout: changes in
duties and staff shortages, fear of contracting or transmitting COVID-19,
desire for recognition of their job-related risk, and unclear communication
on safety precautions and resources. Protective factors included paid
time-off, mental health supports, sense of workplace pride, and self-coping
strategies. Conclusion/Application to Practice: As health systems continue to grapple with care delivery in the context of
COVID-19, identifying best practices to support all workers
and prevent burnout is vital to the functioning and safety of hospitals.
Further consideration is warranted to create policies and multipronged
interventions to meet workers’ tangible needs while shifting the culture, so
all members of the health workforce are seen and valued.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Erica L Richman
- Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Brianna Lombardi
- Department of Family Medicine, Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ke GN, Grajfoner D, Carter S, DeLima N, Khairudin R, Lau WY, Kamal KA, Lee SC. Psychological Wellbeing and Employability of Retrenched Workforce During COVID-19: A Qualitative Study Exploring the Mitigations for Post Pandemic Recovery Phase. Front Public Health 2022; 10:907797. [PMID: 35875037 PMCID: PMC9304802 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.907797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has triggered several employment-related issues, followed by different response strategies. With retrenchment measures being a common response strategy during economic downturns, many individuals have been faced with unemployment. This study aimed to explore the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic related retrenchment on the psychological wellbeing of the Malaysian workforce, using a qualitative research approach and based on the Latent-deprivation Model. A purposive sample of 30 retrenched participants was interviewed via telephone during Malaysia's Movement Control Order (MCO). Thematic analysis was subsequently conducted to identify key themes in the data set. Six themes emerged from the thematic analysis: (1) Retrenchment leading to the deterioration of psychological wellbeing; (2) Unemployment, financial strain and economic uncertainty; (3) Emotions related to the COVID-19 virus; (4) Coping with lifestyle change; (5) Recommendations to improve the psychological wellbeing and mental health of the retrenched workforce, and (6) Career and financial support at the recovery phase. The present study provides valuable insight into the wellbeing of retrenched workforce who are forced to cope with both unemployment and a global pandemic, and workforce perspectives regarding types of support needed during the recovery phase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guek-Nee Ke
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Heriot-Watt University Malaysia, Putrajaya, Malaysia
- *Correspondence: Guek-Nee Ke
| | - Dasha Grajfoner
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Carter
- Edinburgh Business School, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Nicole DeLima
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Heriot-Watt University Malaysia, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Rozainee Khairudin
- Centre for Research in Psychology and Human Well-Being, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, National University of Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Wee-Yeap Lau
- Department of Applied Statistics, Faculty of Economics and Administration, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Shen Chieng Lee
- Malaysian Institute of Economic Research (MIER), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Neuhaus M, Young T, Ferris LJ, Grimmel CLM, Reid N. A Narrative Review of Peer-Led Positive Psychology Interventions: Current Evidence, Potential, and Future Directions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19138065. [PMID: 35805719 PMCID: PMC9265263 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19138065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Positive psychology interventions are an effective means for cultivating flourishing, addressing low levels of wellbeing, and preventing languishing. Peer-led interventions can be a particularly advantageous delivery method of positive psychology interventions, as participants tend to respond more favourably to people that they can identify with personally. Such interventions have been applied in a variety of settings and populations, but the literature on peer-led positive psychology interventions has not yet been summarised. This paper provides a narrative overview of peer-led positive psychology interventions. We reviewed relevant peer-led interventions, assessed the available evidence on their effectiveness, and highlighted promising opportunities for peer-led positive psychology interventions. We found that the majority of the studies were observational in design but showed a high level of acceptability for participants across the reviewed domains. In particular, schools, workplaces, the aged care sector, and community settings are noted as promising target domains for these interventions. However, more studies—particularly high-quality research—will be needed to comprehensively test the effectiveness of peer-led positive psychology interventions. We discuss opportunities for future research in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maike Neuhaus
- Centre for Health Services Research, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Tarli Young
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4067, Australia;
| | - Laura J. Ferris
- School of Business, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4067, Australia;
| | | | - Natasha Reid
- Centre for Health Services Research, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia;
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Sánchez-Hernández Ó, Barkavi-Shani M, Bermejo RM. Promotion of Resilience and Emotional Self-Care in Families and Health Professionals in Times of COVID-19. Front Psychol 2022; 13:879846. [PMID: 35422740 PMCID: PMC9001946 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.879846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Merav Barkavi-Shani
- Department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatment, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Rosa María Bermejo
- Department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatment, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Vîrgă D, Maricuţoiu LP, Iancu A. The efficacy of work engagement interventions: A meta-analysis of controlled trials. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-019-00438-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
21
|
Fischer-Kreer D, Greven A, Eichwald IC, Bendig D, Brettel M. Organizational Psychological Capital in Family Firms: the Role of Family Firm Heterogeneity. SCHMALENBACH JOURNAL OF BUSINESS RESEARCH 2021; 73:413-441. [PMID: 34866762 PMCID: PMC8628057 DOI: 10.1007/s41471-021-00124-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Organizational psychological capital—comprising hope, confidence, resilience, and optimism—is a vital resource for family firms in times of stress. Surprisingly, whether and how family firm idiosyncrasies impact organizational psychological capital remains unclear. Considering the theoretical paradigm of socio-emotional wealth, we investigate two important family firm characteristics as antecedents of organizational psychological capital: the family involvement in the top management team and the generation of the family firm. We further propose that these relationships are moderated by a board of directors’ tenure. Based on an empirical analysis of listed U.S. family firms, our results confirm a negative relationship between family membership in the top management team and organizational psychological capital. In addition, we find that descendant family firms exhibit higher levels of organizational psychological capital than founder family firms. The results also confirm the moderating role of board tenure. This study works toward a more holistic view of family firm heterogeneity and specifically how different types of family involvement shape a firm’s positive strategic resources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Denise Fischer-Kreer
- Innovation and Entrepreneurship Group (WIN), TIME Research Area, RWTH Aachen University, Kackertstr. 7, 52072 Aachen, Germany
| | - Andrea Greven
- Innovation and Entrepreneurship Group (WIN), TIME Research Area, RWTH Aachen University, Kackertstr. 7, 52072 Aachen, Germany
| | - Isabel Catherine Eichwald
- Innovation and Entrepreneurship Group (WIN), TIME Research Area, RWTH Aachen University, Kackertstr. 7, 52072 Aachen, Germany
| | - David Bendig
- University of Münster, Geiststraße 24, 48151 Münster, Germany
| | - Malte Brettel
- Innovation and Entrepreneurship Group (WIN), TIME Research Area, RWTH Aachen University, Kackertstr. 7, 52072 Aachen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Stosic MD, Blanch-Hartigan D, Aleksanyan T, Duenas J, Ruben MA. Empathy, friend or foe? Untangling the relationship between empathy and burnout in helping professions. The Journal of Social Psychology 2021; 162:89-108. [PMID: 34821209 DOI: 10.1080/00224545.2021.1991259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between empathy and burnout in helping professions has been debated extensively, with some arguing the tendency to vicariously experience the emotions of another is a risk factor for burnout and others arguing that this disposition protects against burnout. We sought to aid this debate by assessing the relationship between two empathy facets, positive and negative, and burnout across three samples of helping professionals: practicing clinicians (N = 59), medical students (N = 76), and teaching assistants (N = 77). Results across all three samples consistently revealed that one's tendency to share in the positive emotions of another (i.e., positive empathy) was related to lower levels of burnout, even after controlling for several potential confounding factors. Beyond discussing the utility of the emerging study of positive empathy, we offer potential avenues for reducing burnout in helping professions by emphasizing the importance of sharing in the positive emotions of others.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Mollie A Ruben
- University of Maine, Maine.,Center for Healthcare Organization and Implementation Research, Va Boston Healthcare System, Massachusetts
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Xie X, Jiang G. Chinese Tertiary-Level English as a Foreign Language Teachers' Emotional Experience and Expression in Relation to Teacher-Student Interaction. Front Psychol 2021; 12:759243. [PMID: 34777162 PMCID: PMC8580322 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.759243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study examines the emotional experience and expression of Chinese tertiary-level English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers and their interaction with their students. Data were drawn from semi-structured in-depth interviews with 10 EFL teachers recruited from seven universities of different levels in China and were analyzed in light of Emotional Geography Theory. The results reveal that Chinese tertiary-level EFL teachers experience more negative emotions than positive ones. The emotions most frequently reported by them are anger, enjoyment, anxiety, disappointment, and ambivalence. When it comes to emotional expressions, Chinese tertiary-level EFL teachers tend to display positive emotions by following the emotional rules of school settings. This study also uncovers that EFL teaching in Chinese universities is characterized by EFL teachers’ physical and moral distance from but political closeness to students, all of which are the sources of EFL teachers’ negative emotions. The need for providing positive psychology intervention for EFL teachers is then suggested.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinfeng Xie
- College of Foreign Languages and Cultures, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,School of International Education, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Guiying Jiang
- College of Foreign Languages and Cultures, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
van Woerkom M. Building Positive Organizations: A Typology of Positive Psychology Interventions. Front Psychol 2021; 12:769782. [PMID: 34867675 PMCID: PMC8637171 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.769782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Research indicates that Positive Psychology Interventions (PPIs) in the work context have a small positive impact on improving desirable work outcomes, and a small to moderate effect on reducing undesirable work outcomes, suggesting that the effects of PPIs are not trivial, but also not large. Whereas this may be related to the difficulty of changing oneself or one's happiness levels, the relatively small effects of PPIs may also be due to the predominant use of one-off interventions instead of more structural interventions that reflect policy level commitment. Furthermore, since most PPIs tend to focus on the individual, one could question the long-term effectiveness of such interventions, especially when the work environment remains unchanged. In this manuscript, I introduce a typology of PPIs in organizations by distinguishing between the organizational level they target (the individual or group level), and between one-off and structural interventions. I argue that different types of interventions can strengthen each other, and that to make a sustainable contribution to the optimal functioning of workers, PPIs need to comprise a wide variety of one-off and structural interventions targeting both individuals and groups in organizations. Furthermore, I make suggestions for improving the long-term effectiveness of PPIs by drawing on the literature on transfer of training, nudging, and positive design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marianne van Woerkom
- Department of Human Resource Studies, Tilburg University, Tilburg, Netherlands
- Center of Excellence for Positive Organizational Psychology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Lu D. EFL Teachers' Optimism and Commitment and Their Contribution to Students' Academic Success. Front Psychol 2021; 12:752759. [PMID: 34733218 PMCID: PMC8558303 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.752759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The present review study determines to scrutinize EFL teachers' optimism and commitment and their contribution to students' academic success. Academic optimism, as a new construct, is evolving from the examination of the positive psychology (PP), societal principal, and communal school assets that affect the attainment and success of all learners. In addition, within the past decades, commitment has received a great level of consideration, principally in the domain of structural research. The straightforward perseverance of this review is to extend the concept of academic optimism to individuals, that is, to hypothesize theoretical optimism and approve the efficacy of this paradigm at the instructor level in relation to students' academic success. According to the literature review, the definitions of these constructs, namely teachers' optimism and commitment, and students' academic success, as well as empirical studies in this domain are presented. As a conclusion, this study, to some extent, promotes the educators' mindfulness about their commitment. In this respect, pedagogical implications for teachers, school principals, teacher-trainers, and future researchers are presented, and new guidelines for further research are determined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Di Lu
- Education School, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Bellier-Teichmann T, Antonini M, Delmas P. Assessing Resources in a Population of Hemodialysis Patients: A New Approach to Improve Quality of Care. JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PSYCHOTHERAPY 2021; 52:67-77. [PMID: 35221373 PMCID: PMC8813826 DOI: 10.1007/s10879-021-09524-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Hemodialysis patients constitute a vulnerable population. Their health needs are considerable and they often present psychological symptoms such as depression and anxiety. Empirical studies have demonstrated the efficacy of positive psychology interventions to enhance the well-being of patients and alleviate their depressive symptoms. One such intervention consists in identifying and mobilizing patient resources to activate their recovery. An intervention of the sort was implemented in Switzerland with hemodialysis nurses using AERES, a novel self-assessment instrument. AERES covers 31 domains under three dimensions: personal characteristics/qualities, hobbies/passions, and social/environmental resources. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore hemodialysis nurse perceptions of the use of this instrument. Sixteen hemodialysis nurses were recruited in six hospitals in French-speaking Switzerland and interviewed after delivering the intervention. A consensual qualitative research method was used to analyze the data. Results showed that the resources instrument was easy to administer and beneficial to patients and health professionals. Patient wellbeing became the top priority for the nurses and new interventions centered on patient resources were undertaken. Quality of patient care was improved. Nurses perceived this positive psychology instrument as a means of creating a positive relationship with patients and supporting them emotionally. Assessing the resources of this vulnerable population can provide health professionals with a powerful tool to understand patient intact resources, which can be used to alleviate symptoms and foster wellbeing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Bellier-Teichmann
- La Source, School of Nursing, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matteo Antonini
- La Source, School of Nursing, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Delmas
- La Source, School of Nursing, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
León-Pérez JM, Cantero-Sánchez FJ, Fernández-Canseco Á, León-Rubio JM. Effectiveness of a Humor-Based Training for Reducing Employees' Distress. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182111177. [PMID: 34769695 PMCID: PMC8583317 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
An increasing number of studies have demonstrated that humor can impact interpersonal relationships in organizations and employee well-being. However, there is little evidence coming from intervention studies in organizational settings. In response, we developed a training following the principles of positive psychology that aims at improving employees’ adaptive use of humor as a successful mechanism to deal with stress. In this study, we assess the effectiveness of such training and its impact on employee well-being. Results from this one-group intervention study in an emergency ambulance service (N = 58) revealed that the participants reported higher levels of cheerfulness (Z = −3.93; p < 0.001) and lower levels of seriousness (Z = −3.32; p < 0.001) after being exposed to the training. Indeed, the participants reported lower scores on psychological distress after the training (Z = −3.35; p < 0.001). The effect size of the training was medium (r = 0.31 to 0.36), suggesting that interventions to improve adaptive humor at work can be a useful resource to deal with workplace stress and foster employee well-being. These results may have interesting implications for designing and implementing positive interventions as well as for developing healthy organizations.
Collapse
|
28
|
Montiel C, Radziszewski S, Prilleltensky I, Houle J. Fostering Positive Communities: A Scoping Review of Community-Level Positive Psychology Interventions. Front Psychol 2021; 12:720793. [PMID: 34616336 PMCID: PMC8488140 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.720793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Historically, positive psychology research and practice have focused on studying and promoting well-being among individuals. While positive psychology interventions focusing on the well-being of communities and marginalized groups have recently been developed, studies reporting on their nature and characteristics are lacking. The aim of this paper is to examine the nature of community-level positive psychology interventions. It reviews the target populations, intervention modalities, objectives, and desired effects of 25 community-level positive psychology interventions found in 31 studies. This scoping review shows that community-level programs based on positive psychology vary greatly in all these aspects. However, most interventions are aimed at individual-level changes to achieve target group outcomes. Contextual issues such as social conditions, values, and fairness affecting well-being are rarely considered. Discrepancies between community-level positive psychology interventions and community psychology in terms of values and social change are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Corentin Montiel
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Isaac Prilleltensky
- School of Education and Human Development, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States
| | - Janie Houle
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Peifer C, Pollak A, Flak O, Pyszka A, Nisar MA, Irshad MT, Grzegorzek M, Kordyaka B, Kożusznik B. The Symphony of Team Flow in Virtual Teams. Using Artificial Intelligence for Its Recognition and Promotion. Front Psychol 2021; 12:697093. [PMID: 34566774 PMCID: PMC8455848 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.697093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
More and more teams are collaborating virtually across the globe, and the COVID-19 pandemic has further encouraged the dissemination of virtual teamwork. However, there are challenges for virtual teams – such as reduced informal communication – with implications for team effectiveness. Team flow is a concept with high potential for promoting team effectiveness, however its measurement and promotion are challenging. Traditional team flow measurements rely on self-report questionnaires that require interrupting the team process. Approaches in artificial intelligence, i.e., machine learning, offer methods to identify an algorithm based on behavioral and sensor data that is able to identify team flow and its dynamics over time without interrupting the process. Thus, in this article we present an approach to identify team flow in virtual teams, using machine learning methods. First of all, based on a literature review, we provide a model of team flow characteristics, composed of characteristics that are shared with individual flow and characteristics that are unique for team flow. It is argued that those characteristics that are unique for team flow are represented by the concept of collective communication. Based on that, we present physiological and behavioral correlates of team flow which are suitable – but not limited to – being assessed in virtual teams and which can be used as input data for a machine learning system to assess team flow in real time. Finally, we suggest interventions to support team flow that can be implemented in real time, in virtual environments and controlled by artificial intelligence. This article thus contributes to finding indicators and dynamics of team flow in virtual teams, to stimulate future research and to promote team effectiveness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Corinna Peifer
- Department of Psychology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Anita Pollak
- Department of Social Science, Institute of Psychology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Olaf Flak
- University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Adrian Pyszka
- Department of Human Resource Management, College of Management, University of Economics in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | | | | | - Marcin Grzegorzek
- Institute of Medical Informatics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Barbara Kożusznik
- Department of Social Science, Institute of Psychology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Belkin LY, Kong DT. Supervisor companionate love expression and elicited subordinate gratitude as moral-emotional facilitators of voice amid COVID-19. THE JOURNAL OF POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/17439760.2021.1975157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dejun Tony Kong
- Bishop Center for Ethical Leadership, Muma College of Business, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Hennekam S, Follmer K, Beatty J. Exploring mental illness in the workplace:the role of HR professionals and processes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/09585192.2021.1960751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kayla Follmer
- John Chambers College of Business and Economics, West Virginia University Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Joy Beatty
- College of Business, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, MI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Abdulla A, Woods R. The Effect of Solution-Focused Scaling and Solution-Focused Questions on Expectancy and Commitment. SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGY REVIEW 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/2372966x.2021.1942196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
33
|
Dixit SK, Sinha J. Adaptation and validation of the gratitude questionnaire (GQ-6) for the Indian context. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-02143-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
|
34
|
Benitez M, Leon-Perez JM, Orgambídez A, Medina FJ. Interpersonal Conflicts in the Unit Impact the Service Quality Rated by Customers: The Mediating Role of Work-Unit Well-Being. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18158137. [PMID: 34360436 PMCID: PMC8346151 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18158137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Social dynamics at work are crucial for understanding how internal processes in an organization are related to their performance and productivity. Following the Service-Profit Chain (SPC) theory, this study analyses, at the work-unit level, how interpersonal conflicts are related to service quality in the hospitality and tourism industry through the shared experience of well-being in the work unit. In other words, we examine the mediating role of two main aspects of work-related well-being in the unit (job satisfaction and burnout) on the relationship between interpersonal conflicts in the unit and customers’ perceptions of service quality. To do so, we conducted a cross-sectional survey study that collected data from 398 service employees (91 work units) and 1233 customers from three and four-star hotels with restaurant in Spain. Using path analysis in Structural Equation Models, our results supported a full mediation model at the work-unit level: interpersonal conflicts in the work unit are related to customers’ service quality perceptions through the work-unit’s well-being (job satisfaction and burnout). Therefore, our findings extend the SPC theory by integrating group dynamics and employees’ experiences, which should be enhanced through occupational health-oriented policies and practices to increase service quality. In this sense, this study has implications for the development of intervention programs aiming at improving the occupational well-being and quality of service in hospitality and tourism settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Benitez
- Department of Social Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Seville, 41018 Seville, Spain; (J.M.L.-P.); (F.J.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-954557710
| | - Jose M. Leon-Perez
- Department of Social Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Seville, 41018 Seville, Spain; (J.M.L.-P.); (F.J.M.)
| | - Alejandro Orgambídez
- Social Psychology Department, Faculty of Psychology, University of Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain;
| | - Francisco J. Medina
- Department of Social Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Seville, 41018 Seville, Spain; (J.M.L.-P.); (F.J.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Michel A, Groß C, Hoppe A, González‐Morales MG, Steidle A, O’Shea D. Mindfulness and positive activities at work: Intervention effects on motivation‐related constructs, sleep quality, and fatigue. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/joop.12345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Michel
- Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Dortmund Germany
- Heidelberg University Germany
| | | | | | | | - Anna Steidle
- Faculty of Management and Law University of Applied Sciences Ludwigsburg Germany
| | - Deirdre O’Shea
- Department of Work & Employment Studies Kemmy Business School University of Limerick Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Woerkom M, Bakker AB, Leiter MP. Positive psychology interventions in organizations. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/joop.12350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Woerkom
- Tilburg University The Netherlands
- Erasmus University Rotterdam The Netherlands
| | - Arnold B. Bakker
- Erasmus University Rotterdam The Netherlands
- University of Johannesburg South Africa
| | - Michael P. Leiter
- Deakin University Melbourne Victoria Australia
- Acadia University Wolfville Nova Scotia Canada
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Güler O, Haseki Mİ. Positive Psychological Impacts of Cooking During the COVID-19 Lockdown Period: A Qualitative Study. Front Psychol 2021; 12:635957. [PMID: 33815223 PMCID: PMC8012501 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.635957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to explore the positive psychological effects of culinary experiences during the COVID-19 lockdown days. Qualitative research methods adopted to provide a deeper understanding. Data was collected through a structured online survey from 30 participants in Turkey. This occurred between April 10th and June 3rd, 2020 when the strict confinement measures were applied. Content analysis was deductively applied according to the Stebbins's Theory of Casual vs. Serious Leisure which classifies the well-being according to characteristics of leisure experiences. The results revealed that at the first stage people went into the kitchen with the motivation of pure happiness and relaxation indicating hedonic well-being. However, people who intended to spend time with culinary activities with the expectations of pure happiness left the kitchen with eudaimonic outcomes by gaining special skills and knowledge, self-actualization and self-enrichment. When these outcomes are evaluated based on the Stebbins's theoretical framework, culinary activities have both casual and serious leisure experience characteristics in terms of psychological well-being. It is understood that culinary activities have versatile leisure characteristics. Thanks to the culinary activities, people do not only obtain pure happiness and relaxation but can draw wider inferences about their life by realizing their own potential during the psychologically challenging COVID-19 lockdown days.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ozan Güler
- Department of Gastronomy and Culinary Arts, Faculty of Tourism, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Murat İsmet Haseki
- Department of Business Administration, Kozan Faculty of Business Administration, Çukurova University, Adana, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Gratitude at Work Prospectively Predicts Lower Workplace Materialism: A Three-Wave Longitudinal Study in Chile. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18073787. [PMID: 33916410 PMCID: PMC8038617 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18073787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Materialism at work refers to a higher importance attached to extrinsic (e.g., money, fame, image) versus intrinsic (self-development, affiliation, community participation) employees' 'aspirations'. Research from self-determination theory has consistently found that materialism at work is strongly detrimental for both employees and organizations. For example, materialism is negatively associated with lower job satisfaction and engagement and positively associated with higher turnover intentions and job insecurity. Unfortunately, there are no viable strategies for reducing materialism in the workplace yet. In this sense, based on emergent research in psychology, we theorized that dispositional gratitude-a key construct within the Positive Organizational Psychology field-could be a protecting factor against materialism. Further, we conducted a three-wave longitudinal design among a large sample of Chilean workers (n = 1841) to test, for the first time, the longitudinal link between gratitude and materialism. We used two novel methodologies: A cross-lagged panel model (CLPM) to test between-person changes and a trait-state-occasion model (TSO) to test within-person changes. We found that both the CLPM as well as the TSO models showed that gratitude at work prospectively predicted further lower workplace materialism. Specifically, the CLPM shows that individuals with higher than average gratitude at Ti, are more likely to show lower than average materialism at Ti+1. The TSO shows that individuals with a higher than their usual level of gratitude at Ti are more likely to show a lower than their usual level of materialism at Ti+1. Important implications for materialism research as well as for the Positive Organizational Psychology field are discussed.
Collapse
|
39
|
Clise MH, Matthew SM, McArthur ML. Sources of pleasure in veterinary work: A qualitative study. Vet Rec 2021; 188:e54. [PMID: 33818770 DOI: 10.1002/vetr.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the rise in positive psychology within organisational settings, less is known about the positive factors associated with veterinary work and veterinarian well-being. This qualitative study investigated sources of pleasure for veterinarians. METHOD A subset of archival data from a larger study on veterinary well-being was analysed. The current study was based on data from 273 veterinarians responding to a Ten Statements Test (TST) and demographic questions. In the TST, participants provided up to 10 responses to the prompt, 'I derive pleasure in my work as a veterinarian when…'. RESULTS Using the job demands-resources model as a framework, a total of 2536 responses were manually coded into themes relating to resources (positive responses) or demands (responses indicating a negative factor). In order of frequency, job resources are related to professional expertise (22%), positive outcomes (20%), job characteristics (19%), relationships (16%), recognition (10%), helping (7%) and personal resources (3%). Top job demands are related to stress and fatigue (17%) and poor work-life balance (16%). CONCLUSION The results suggest that there are an abundance of positive factors in veterinary work associated with feelings of pleasure, which may support veterinarian well-being.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine H Clise
- School of Psychology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Susan M Matthew
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Washington, USA
| | - Michelle L McArthur
- School of Animal and Veterinary Science, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Brouzos A, Vassilopoulos SP, Baourda VC, Tassi C, Stavrou V, Moschou K, Brouzou KO. "Staying Home - Feeling Positive": Effectiveness of an on-line positive psychology group intervention during the COVID-19 pandemic. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021; 42:2749-2761. [PMID: 33776381 PMCID: PMC7980788 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-01613-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The current study investigated the effectiveness of a group on-line positive psychology intervention (OPPI) designed to mitigate the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the subsequent measures to control it. Study participants (N = 82, M age = 33.07, SD = 9.55) were all Greek adults divided into an intervention (n = 44) and a control group (n = 38). The intervention group attended a voluntary, online, two-week, six-session (each 50 min), group intervention. The intervention aimed at enhancing participants' personal strengths and resilience in order to cope more effectively with the psychological impact of social distancing (e.g., feelings of anxiety, sadness, fear, and/or loneliness). All participants completed an online questionnaire one week before the intervention's implementation, which included scales measuring their: demographic characteristics, empathy, resilience, affectivity, feelings of loneliness, depression and anxiety levels, and feelings of fear regarding the outbreak. Participants in both the intervention and control group completed the same measures the week following the intervention's termination to examine its effects, and two weeks later to examine its long-term effectiveness. The intervention was found to be effective in alleviating the impact of the pandemic and in strengthening participants' resilience. More specifically, the results showed significant decreases for the intervention group in all measures of psychosocial distress (anxiety, depression, loneliness and fear) and significant increases in empathy, resilience, and experience of positive emotions. The study's implications for the development and implementation of online psychological interventions during a crisis are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Brouzos
- Laboratory of Educational Psychology, Counselling and Research, Department of Primary Education, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | | | - Vasiliki C. Baourda
- Laboratory of Educational Psychology, Counselling and Research, Department of Primary Education, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Christina Tassi
- Laboratory of Educational Psychology, Counselling and Research, Department of Primary Education, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Vaia Stavrou
- Laboratory of Educational Psychology, Counselling and Research, Department of Primary Education, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Kalliopi Moschou
- Laboratory of Educational Psychology, Counselling and Research, Department of Primary Education, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Katia Ourania Brouzou
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Bosle C, Fischer JE, Herr RM. Creating a measure to operationalize engaged well-being at work. J Occup Med Toxicol 2021; 16:9. [PMID: 33726800 PMCID: PMC7962289 DOI: 10.1186/s12995-021-00297-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental well-being and work engagement are both desirable, positive states of mind that help employees to better function in the workplace. While occupational researchers have argued in favor of considering both states concurrently, it is less clear how this might be translated to provide an instrument characterizing the workforce accordingly. The present study describes empirical efforts to operationalize a construct called engaged well-being. METHODS We used employee-level data (n = 13,538) from three waves of the German linked personnel panel (LPP; 2012-2017). Exploratory factor analysis and a combination of hierarchical and non-hierarchical cluster analyses linked with within-sum-of-squares statistics were used to identify distinct profiles describing mental well-being and work engagement concurrently. These profiles were then used as the basis to identify cut-offs to create replicable categories of engaged well-being. Using the longitudinal data from a subgroup providing data across more than one wave, we observed whether the newly constructed indicator changed over time. RESULTS The exploratory factor analysis suggested that both states were two distinct factors. Cluster analysis linked with within-sum-of-squares statistics suggested a four-cluster solution: engaged well-being (46.9%), disengaged well-being (27.5%), engaged strain (8.8%), and disengaged strain (16.8%). One cut-off for each state was identified to replicate the cluster solution. Across observation periods, we could observe changes in engaged well-being. CONCLUSIONS Our measure of engaged well-being can be used to simultaneously characterize a workforce's mental well-being and work engagement. Changes in this measure over time suggest its potential utility in organizational interventions. Future studies are needed to further explore both the antecedents, correlates, and potential effects of engaged well-being.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherin Bosle
- Mannheim Institute of Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine, Mannheim Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Ludolf-Krehl-Strasse 7-11, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Joachim E Fischer
- Mannheim Institute of Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine, Mannheim Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Ludolf-Krehl-Strasse 7-11, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Raphael M Herr
- Mannheim Institute of Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine, Mannheim Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Ludolf-Krehl-Strasse 7-11, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
van Nieuwerburgh C, Barr M, Fouracres AJS, Moin T, Brown C, Holden C, Lucey C, Thomas P. Experience of positive psychology coaching while working from home during the COVID-19 pandemic: an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. COACHING: AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THEORY, RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/17521882.2021.1897637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Margaret Barr
- School of Psychology, University of East London, London, UK
| | | | - Tia Moin
- School of Psychology, University of East London, London, UK
| | | | - Corinne Holden
- School of Psychology, University of East London, London, UK
| | - Cornelia Lucey
- School of Psychology, University of East London, London, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Kletter M, Harris B, Brown C. Outcomes, mechanisms and contextual factors of positive psychology interventions for health workers: a systematic review of global evidence. HUMAN RESOURCES FOR HEALTH 2021; 19:24. [PMID: 33639979 PMCID: PMC7910793 DOI: 10.1186/s12960-021-00564-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interventions using positive psychology (PP), which build on positive qualities of healthcare personnel and institutions, could potentially enhance organisational performance in healthcare. The aim of this systematic review was to identify if PP interventions have an impact on organisational performance of healthcare personnel, and if so, how this impact can be achieved. We developed a logic model to explain the impact of PP interventions on organisational performance. METHODS We searched Web of Science, Medline, Psychinfo, Embase, Scopus and CINAHL (from inception until March 2019) and references of included articles to identify studies that evaluated the impact of a PP intervention for health personnel. Study quality was assessed using the SQUIRE checklist for quality improvement studies. Data were extracted about study details, setting, participants, intervention, method of evaluation and results. Outcomes, mechanisms and contexts were coded in nVivo. Data synthesis was guided by Lewis' theory of the impact of PP interventions on organisational performance and Kneale et al.'s method for logic model development. Collected data were integrated into a logic model explaining initial inputs, processes, and intermediate outcomes of PP interventions that lead to improved organisational performance in healthcare settings. RESULTS We retrieved 4638 articles and identified five through references of included articles of which 29 studies (31 articles) met our inclusion criteria. Most articles were of low quality (n = 19) and outcome measures varied widely. We identified 54 different outcomes of PP interventions, including 'improved well-being' and 'improved interaction and support'. Forty-nine mechanisms were identified including 'recognising and reframing negative interpretations'. Twenty four contextual factors were identified of which seven acted as barriers. 'Managerial support' was a facilitator mentioned in eight studies. All identified outcomes, mechanisms and contextual factors were integrated into a logic model explaining how interventions using PP can impact organisational performance in healthcare. CONCLUSION Few identified outcomes were statistically significant, however, trends in both quantitative and qualitative outcomes show that PP interventions can increase well-being and interaction and support and thus improve organisational performance in healthcare. The developed logic model can be used in the implementation and evaluation of interventions using PP for health personnel.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Celia Brown
- University of Warwick (WMS), Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Bulińska-Stangrecka H, Bagieńska A. The Role of Employee Relations in Shaping Job Satisfaction as an Element Promoting Positive Mental Health at Work in the Era of COVID-19. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18041903. [PMID: 33669365 PMCID: PMC7920272 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic is affecting the mental health of employees. Deterioration of the well-being of workers is also caused by changes in the working environment. Remote working can affect both social interactions and job satisfaction. The purpose of the study is to examine what factors influence job satisfaction in the context of remote work caused by a pandemic. The study analyses whether employee relations and interpersonal trust are related to the level of perceived job satisfaction. The investigation started with a literature review and then research hypotheses have been formulated. Based on an empirical study, carried out on a sample of 220 IT employees during the pandemic, an analysis of the mediating role of trust in links between employee relations and perceived job satisfaction was conducted. The current study found that positive employee relations contribute to the level of job satisfaction. Additionally, trust is an important factor that mediates these relationships. Based on the results of the research, it was possible to describe the mechanism of shaping a supportive work environment during a pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helena Bulińska-Stangrecka
- Faculty of Administration and Social Sciences, Warsaw University of Technology, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Anna Bagieńska
- Faculty of Engineering Management, Bialystok University of Technology, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland;
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Tanzer JR. Developing authentic happiness: Growth curve models to assess lifelong happiness. THE JOURNAL OF POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/17439760.2019.1689419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
|
46
|
Komase Y, Watanabe K, Hori D, Nozawa K, Hidaka Y, Iida M, Imamura K, Kawakami N. Effects of gratitude intervention on mental health and well-being among workers: A systematic review. J Occup Health 2021; 63:e12290. [PMID: 34762326 PMCID: PMC8582291 DOI: 10.1002/1348-9585.12290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Gratitude intervention, which requires participants to engage regularly in brief activities designed to cultivate a sense of gratefulness, is known as one of the most effective positive psychological interventions. Although numerous meta-analyses and systematic reviews have been conducted on gratitude intervention, no studies have focused on the working population. This study aimed to systematically summarize the effectiveness of gratitude interventions on workers' mental health and well-being. METHODS Systematic search was conducted in February 2021 using five databases. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials implementing gratitude activities among healthy workers and measuring mental health or well-being indicators and original articles or thesis in English. RESULTS Nine out of 1957 articles met the inclusion criteria. Eight studies adopted gratitude list interventions, showing a significant improvement in perceived stress and depression; however, the effects on well-being were inconsistent. Interventions with gratitude list four times or less did not report significant changes in any outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Most gratitude interventions incorporated a gratitude list, and some studies included gratitude activities as a part of the combined program. On the other hand, no studies focused on only behavioral gratitude expression among workers. Gratitude interventions might be effective in improving mental health, but their effects on well-being remain unclear. The total number of gratitude lists and reflections might influence the effect on mental health and well-being; however, due to the high heterogeneity of the studies, further studies are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Komase
- Department of Mental HealthGraduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of ScienceTokyoJapan
| | - Kazuhiro Watanabe
- Department of Public HealthKitasato University School of MedicineSagamiharaJapan
| | - Daisuke Hori
- Faculty of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
| | - Kyosuke Nozawa
- Department of Psychiatric NursingGraduate school of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Yui Hidaka
- Department of Mental HealthGraduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of ScienceTokyoJapan
| | - Mako Iida
- Department of Psychiatric NursingGraduate school of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Kotaro Imamura
- Department of Mental HealthGraduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Norito Kawakami
- Department of Mental HealthGraduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Da S, He Y, Zhang X. Effectiveness of Psychological Capital Intervention and Its Influence on Work-Related Attitudes: Daily Online Self-Learning Method and Randomized Controlled Trial Design. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17238754. [PMID: 33255704 PMCID: PMC7728090 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17238754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Research on positive psychology intervention is in its infancy; only a few empirical studies have proved the effectiveness and benefits of psychological capital interventions in workplaces. From a practical perspective, a more convenient intervention approach is needed for when organizations have difficulties in finding qualified trainers. This study aims to extend the psychological capital intervention (PCI) model and examine its influence on work-related attitudes. A daily online self-learning approach and a randomized controlled trial design are utilized. A final sample of 104 full-time employees, recruited online, is randomly divided into three groups to fill in self-report questionnaires immediately before (T1), immediately after (T2), and one week after (T3) the intervention. The results indicate that the intervention is effective at improving psychological capital (PsyCap), increasing job satisfaction, and reducing turnover intention. The practical implications for human resource managers conducting a flexible and low-cost PsyCap intervention in organizations are discussed. Limitations related to sample characteristics, short duration effect, small sample size, and small effect size are also emphasized. Due to these non-negligible drawbacks of the study design, this study should only be considered as a pilot study of daily online self-learning PsyCap intervention research.
Collapse
|
48
|
Mayer CH. Key concepts for managing organizations and employees turning towards the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Int Rev Psychiatry 2020; 32:673-684. [PMID: 32814456 DOI: 10.1080/09540261.2020.1803220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) brings radical changes for employees, organizations and societies. These changes are accompanied by unforeseeable challenges on cognitive, affective and behavioural levels, as well as fundamental questions that require a response. Work and meaning of work are changing. Organizations have to address employees' perceptions, and deal with rapid technological innovation, new work and employment concepts, as well as global and local power shifts. This conceptual article proposes selected key concepts for managing organizations and employees, namely creativity, positive emotions and solution-focus as keys to meaning-making in the 4IR. The aim of this article is to explore selected key concepts in managing 4IR organizations on a conceptual level and to stimulate future theoretical reflections and discourses of positive psychology (PP) and positive organizational psychology (POP) impacts within the 4IR transformations. Conclusions are drawn and provides recommendations for theory and practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claude-Hélène Mayer
- Department of Industrial Psychology and People Management, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Johannesburg, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Mayer CH, Oosthuizen RM. Positive transformation towards the Fourth Industrial Revolution: empirical evidence from a technology company. Int Rev Psychiatry 2020; 32:659-672. [PMID: 32573291 DOI: 10.1080/09540261.2020.1763927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
This article explores the question of how organizations can transform constructively and positively towards the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR). It presents insights into the state of the art on 4IR, positive psychology movements PP1.0 and PP2.0 and particularly on German organizations in the 4IR within the South African context. The study uses a qualitative research approach and presents findings from a study conducted with 16 managers across top, middle and lower management levels in a German engineering organization, based in South Africa, operating in Southern Africa. Findings, discussion, conclusions and recommendations provide insights into emerging themes on the 4IR from perspectives that take the context of discourses on the 4IR in developed and developing countries into account. Findings show the importance of five main themes when transforming into the 4IR: (1) Employee management; (2) Innovative technological and systemic change; (3) Work organization; (4) Environment and (5) Network and cooperation. Human communication and connectivity and a balanced human-machine interaction seem to build the core framework for constructive socio-technological change and a meaningful work environment. Thereby, a focus on the positive transformation requires working through the challenges and dark sides of the 4IR as well as a contextual and culture-specific approach to finally create a meaningful, healthy and optimal functioning work environment for the employees.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claude-Hélène Mayer
- Department of Industrial Psychology and People Management, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa.,Institut für Therapeutische Kommunikation und Sprachgebrauch, Europa Universität Viadrina, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Rudolf M Oosthuizen
- Department of Industrial and Organisational Psychology, School of Management Sciences, College of Economic and Management Sciences, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
De Angelis M, Giusino D, Nielsen K, Aboagye E, Christensen M, Innstrand ST, Mazzetti G, van den Heuvel M, Sijbom RB, Pelzer V, Chiesa R, Pietrantoni L. H-WORK Project: Multilevel Interventions to Promote Mental Health in SMEs and Public Workplaces. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E8035. [PMID: 33142745 PMCID: PMC7662282 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17218035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The paper describes the study design, research questions and methods of a large, international intervention project aimed at improving employee mental health and well-being in SMEs and public organisations. The study is innovative in multiple ways. First, it goes beyond the current debate on whether individual- or organisational-level interventions are most effective in improving employee health and well-being and tests the cumulative effects of multilevel interventions, that is, interventions addressing individual, group, leader and organisational levels. Second, it tailors its interventions to address the aftermaths of the Covid-19 pandemic and develop suitable multilevel interventions for dealing with new ways of working. Third, it uses realist evaluation to explore and identify the working ingredients of and the conditions required for each level of intervention, and their outcomes. Finally, an economic evaluation will assess both the cost-effectiveness analysis and the affordability of the interventions from the employer perspective. The study integrates the training transfer and the organisational process evaluation literature to develop toolkits helping end-users to promote mental health and well-being in the workplace.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco De Angelis
- Department of Psychology, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (D.G.); (R.C.); (L.P.)
| | - Davide Giusino
- Department of Psychology, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (D.G.); (R.C.); (L.P.)
| | - Karina Nielsen
- Institute of Work Psychology, Sheffield University Management School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 FL, UK;
| | - Emmanuel Aboagye
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 171 65 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Marit Christensen
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7941 Trondheim, Norway; (M.C.); (S.T.I.)
| | - Siw Tone Innstrand
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7941 Trondheim, Norway; (M.C.); (S.T.I.)
| | - Greta Mazzetti
- Department of Education Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Machteld van den Heuvel
- Department of Work and Organizational Psychology, University of Amsterdam, 1018 WS Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.v.d.H.); (R.B.L.S.); (V.P.)
| | - Roy B.L. Sijbom
- Department of Work and Organizational Psychology, University of Amsterdam, 1018 WS Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.v.d.H.); (R.B.L.S.); (V.P.)
| | - Vince Pelzer
- Department of Work and Organizational Psychology, University of Amsterdam, 1018 WS Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.v.d.H.); (R.B.L.S.); (V.P.)
| | - Rita Chiesa
- Department of Psychology, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (D.G.); (R.C.); (L.P.)
| | - Luca Pietrantoni
- Department of Psychology, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (D.G.); (R.C.); (L.P.)
| |
Collapse
|