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Levin C, Naimi E, Saban M. Evaluating GenAI systems to combat mental health issues in healthcare workers: An integrative literature review. Int J Med Inform 2024; 191:105566. [PMID: 39079316 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2024.105566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental health issues among healthcare workers remain a serious problem globally. Recent surveys continue to report high levels of depression, anxiety, burnout and other conditions amongst various occupational groups. Novel approaches are needed to support clinician well-being. OBJECTIVE This integrative literature review aims to explore the current state of research examining the use of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) and machine learning (ML) systems to predict mental health issues and identify associated risk factors amongst healthcare professionals. METHODS A literature search of databases was conducted in Medline then adapted as necessary to Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed and CINAHL with Full Text. Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria for the review. RESULTS Nine studies employed various machine learning techniques to predict different mental health outcomes among healthcare workers. Models showed good predictive performance, with AUCs ranging from 0.82 to 0.904 for outcomes such as depression, anxiety and safety perceptions. Key risk factors identified included fatigue, stress, burnout, workload, sleep issues and lack of support. Two studies explored the potential of sensor-based technologies and GenAI analysis of physiological data. None of the included studies focused on the use of GenAI systems specifically for providing mental health support to healthcare workers. CONCLUSION Preliminary research demonstrates that AI/ML models can effectively predict mental health issues. However, more work is needed to evaluate the real-world integration and impact of these tools, including GenAI systems, in identifying clinician distress and supporting well-being over time. Further research should aim to explore how GenAI may be developed and applied to provide mental health support for healthcare workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Levin
- Faculty of School of Life and Health Sciences, Nursing Department, The Jerusalem College of Technology-Lev Academic Center, Jerusalem, Israel; The Department of Vascular Surgery, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - E Naimi
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Professions, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University
| | - M Saban
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Professions, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University.
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2
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Zheng J, Feng S, Gao R, Gong X, Ji X, Li Y, Wang X, Xue B. The relationship between organizational support, professional quality of life, decent work, and professional well-being among nurses: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nurs 2024; 23:425. [PMID: 38918776 PMCID: PMC11197337 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-024-02114-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nurses often face challenges such as inadequate welfare protection, injustice, and workplace adversity including violence, bullying, and sexual harassment. In this context, providing sufficient support to nurses is crucial for the promotion of their professional well-being. This study examines the direct and indirect effects of perceived organizational support on nurses' well-being, particularly highlighting the mediating roles of professional quality of life and the perception of decent work. METHODS A cross-sectional survey design was employed in this study. Convenience sampling was used to survey 792 nurses from five tertiary A-grade hospitals in Shanxi Province in January 2024. Data collection tools included a custom demographic survey, the Perceived Organizational Support Scale, Professional Quality of Life Scale, Decent Work Perception Scale, and Nurse Occupational Well-being Questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and mediation effect analyses were performed. RESULTS The findings demonstrate that perceived organizational support has a direct impact on nurses' occupational well-being (β = 0.323, p < 0.001). Additionally, professional quality of life and the perception of decent work play chain mediating roles between perceived organizational support and nurses' well-being (β = 0.019, BootLLCI = 0.010, BootULCI = 0.030). CONCLUSIONS This study highlighted the importance of organizational support in enhancing nurses' well-being. Professional quality of life and decent work were key mediators. Healthcare institutions should prioritize support measures to improve nurses' well-being. Future research should explore additional mediators and mechanisms to develop effective strategies for nursing policymakers and administrators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zheng
- School of Nursing, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030607, China.
| | - Shengya Feng
- School of Nursing, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030607, China
| | - Rong Gao
- School of Nursing, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030607, China
| | - Xiaoyan Gong
- School of Nursing, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030607, China
| | - Xinyu Ji
- School of Nursing, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030607, China
| | - Yuling Li
- The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Xiangli Wang
- The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Bowen Xue
- Affiliated Mental Health Center & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310007, China.
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Zhang Z, Chen H, Li X, Chen S, Wang Z, Yang J, Chen Z, Wang X, Tian Y, Zhou J. Differences in the depression and burnout networks between doctors and nurses: evidence from a network analysis. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1668. [PMID: 38909182 PMCID: PMC11193897 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19193-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have demonstrated a strong association between depression and job burnout among healthcare professionals, but the results have been inconsistent, and there is a lack of in-depth exploration of such a relationship among different healthcare professions. The present study aims to investigate the interrelationships between depression and burnout among Chinese healthcare professionals and whether there are differences in the networks of these symptoms between doctors and nurses. METHODS The Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey and the 2-item Patient Health Questionnaire were employed to assess job burnout and depression among 3,684 healthcare professionals. The translation has been refined to ensure accuracy and academic suitability. Subsequently, network analysis was conducted on 2,244 participants with a higher level of job burnout to identify core symptoms and explore the associations between job burnout and depression. RESULTS The present study showed a network association between lack of interest and pleasure in things and being exhausted from work, excessive tiredness facing work, tendency to collapse at work, and lack of passion for work than before among healthcare professionals, as well as a notable difference in the network association between lack of interest and pleasure in things and lack of passion for work than before between nurses and doctors. CONCLUSIONS The depression-burnout network structures differ between doctors and nurses, highlighting the need for targeted intervention measures for both groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.139, Renmin Road Central, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.139, Renmin Road Central, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Xuting Li
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.139, Renmin Road Central, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.139, Renmin Road Central, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Shurui Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.139, Renmin Road Central, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Ziyu Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.139, Renmin Road Central, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Jiaxin Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.139, Renmin Road Central, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.139, Renmin Road Central, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Zengyu Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.139, Renmin Road Central, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.139, Renmin Road Central, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Xiaoping Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.139, Renmin Road Central, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Yusheng Tian
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.139, Renmin Road Central, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.139, Renmin Road Central, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
| | - Jiansong Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No.139, Renmin Road Central, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
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Ülgüt R, Tomsic I, Chaberny IF, von Lengerke T. Human resource management to assist infection prevention and control professionals: a scoping review. J Hosp Infect 2024; 148:145-154. [PMID: 38679391 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2024.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Infection prevention and control (IPC) professionals are key intermediaries between hospital managers and frontline staff. During the novel coronavirus disease pandemic, IPC professionals faced new challenges. Unfortunately, research on human resource management (HRM) to support IPC during and between pandemics is lacking. Therefore, this scoping review aimed to elucidate the existing knowledge on HRM measures in this context and thus contribute to the pandemic preparedness of healthcare facilities. It was conducted as part of the "PREparedness and PAndemic REsponse in Germany (PREPARED)" project within the Network University Medicine (NUM), using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist. PubMed was searched without time restriction until 2023 (filter: English, German). Two reviewers assessed titles/abstracts and full texts, respectively. A total of nine publications were included, eight of which were published in the USA. All publications reported survey data (quantitative: six). Measures targeting personnel development and the qualification of IPC personnel were reported in six studies, i.e., almost two-thirds of the studies, of which five focused on the tasks of IPC professionals. In contrast, management of personnel costs and remuneration systems were reported less frequently (three studies), and only regarding issues around retention, compensation and dismissal. In conclusion, research gaps include trials on implementation and effectiveness of HRM for IPC. Given the increasing shortage of IPC professionals, HRM measures during and between pandemics become more important for establishing pandemic preparedness.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ülgüt
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Medical Psychology, Hannover, Germany
| | - I Tomsic
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Medical Psychology, Hannover, Germany
| | - I F Chaberny
- Leipzig University Hospital, Institute of Hygiene, Hospital Epidemiology and Environmental Medicine, Leipzig, Germany; Christian-Albrecht University of Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Institute of Hospital Epidemiology and Environmental Hygiene, Kiel, Germany
| | - T von Lengerke
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Medical Psychology, Hannover, Germany.
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Maliwichi L, Kondowe F, Mmanga C, Mchenga M, Kainja J, Nyamali S, Ndasauka Y. The mental health toll among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Malawi. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10327. [PMID: 38710775 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61216-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the mental health of healthcare workers worldwide, with frontline personnel experiencing heightened rates of depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress. This mixed-methods study aimed to assess the mental health toll of COVID-19 on healthcare workers in Malawi. A cross-sectional survey utilising the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), and Primary Care PTSD Screen for DSM-5 (PC-PTSD-5) was conducted among 109 frontline healthcare workers. Additionally, in-depth interviews were conducted with 16 healthcare workers to explore their experiences and challenges during the pandemic. The results indicated a high prevalence of COVID-19-related depression (31%; CI [23, 41]), anxiety (30%; CI [22, 40]), and PTSD (25%; CI [17, 34]) among participants. Regression analysis revealed significantly higher rates of depression, anxiety, and PTSD among healthcare workers in city referral hospitals compared to district hospitals. Qualitative findings highlighted the emotional distress, impact on work and personal life, and experiences of stigma and discrimination faced by healthcare workers. The stress process model provided a valuable framework for understanding the relationship among pandemic-related stressors, coping resources, and mental health outcomes. The findings underscore the urgent need for interventions and support systems to mitigate the mental health impact of COVID-19 on frontline healthcare workers in Malawi. Policymakers should prioritise the assessment and treatment of mental health problems among this critical workforce to maintain an effective pandemic response and build resilience for future crises.
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Kc S, Gooden TE, Aryal D, Koirala K, Luitel S, Haniffa R, Beane A. The burden of anxiety, depression, and stress, along with the prevalence of symptoms of PTSD, and perceptions of the drivers of psychological harms, as perceived by doctors and nurses working in ICUs in Nepal during the COVID-19 pandemic; a mixed method evaluation. BMC Health Serv Res 2024; 24:450. [PMID: 38600462 PMCID: PMC11007980 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-024-10724-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in significant physical and psychological impacts for survivors, and for the healthcare professionals caring for patients. Nurses and doctors in critical care faced longer working hours, increased burden of patients, and limited resources, all in the context of personal social isolation and uncertainties regarding cross-infection. We evaluated the burden of anxiety, depression, stress, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and alcohol dependence among doctors and nurses working in intensive care units (ICUs) in Nepal and explored the individual and social drivers for these impacts. METHODS We conducted a mixed-methods study in Nepal, using an online survey to assess psychological well-being and semi-structured interviews to explore perceptions as to the drivers of anxiety, stress, and depression. Participants were recruited from existing national critical care professional organisations in Nepal and using a snowball technique. The online survey comprised of validated assessment tools for anxiety, depression, stress, PTSD, and alcohol dependence; all tools were analysed using published guidelines. Interviews were analysed using rapid appraisal techniques, and themes regarding the drivers for psychological distress were explored. RESULTS 134 respondents (113 nurses, 21 doctors) completed the online survey. Twenty-eight (21%) participants experienced moderate to severe symptoms of depression; 67 (50%) experienced moderate or severe symptoms of anxiety; 114 (85%) had scores indicative of moderate to high levels of stress; 46 out of 100 reported symptoms of PTSD. Compared to doctors, nurses experienced more severe symptoms of depression, anxiety, and PTSD, whereas doctors experienced higher levels of stress than nurses. Most (95%) participants had scores indicative of low risk of alcohol dependence. Twenty participants were followed up in interviews. Social stigmatism, physical and emotional safety, enforced role change and the absence of organisational support were perceived drivers for poor psychological well-being. CONCLUSION Nurses and doctors working in ICU during the COVID-19 pandemic sustained psychological impacts, manifesting as stress, anxiety, and for some, symptoms of PTSD. Nurses were more vulnerable. Individual characteristics and professional inequalities in healthcare may be potential modifiable factors for policy makers seeking to mitigate risks for healthcare providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirish Kc
- Nepal Intensive Care Research Foundation, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Tiffany E Gooden
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Diptesh Aryal
- Nepal Intensive Care Research Foundation, Kathmandu, Nepal.
| | | | | | - Rashan Haniffa
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Abi Beane
- Centre for Inflammation Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Bangkok, Thailand
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Allsopp K, Varese F, French P, Young E, White H, Chung P, Davey J, Hassan AA, Wright SA, Barrett A, Bhutani G, McGuirk K, Shields G, Huntley F, Jordan J, Rowlandson A, Sarsam M, Ten Cate H, Walker H, Watson R, Willbourn J, Hind D. A service mapping exercise of four health and social care staff mental health and wellbeing services, Resilience Hubs, to describe health service provision and interventions. BMC Health Serv Res 2024; 24:430. [PMID: 38575960 PMCID: PMC10996192 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-024-10835-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND NHS England funded 40 Mental Health and Wellbeing Hubs to support health and social care staff affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to document variations in how national guidance was adapted to the local contexts of four Hubs in the North of England. METHODS We used a modified version of Price's (2019) service mapping methodology. Service level data were used to inform the analysis. A mapping template was adapted from a range of tools, including the European Service Mapping Schedule, and reviewed by Hub leads. Key data included service model; staffing; and interventions. Data were collected between March 2021 - March 2022 by site research assistants. Findings were accuracy-checked by Hub leads, and a logic model developed to theorise how the Hubs may effect change. RESULTS Hub goals and service models closely reflected guidance; offering: proactive outreach; team-based support; clinical assessment; onward referral, and rapid access to mental health support (in-house and external). Implementation reflected a service context of a client group with high mental health need, and high waiting times at external mental health services. Hubs were predominantly staffed by experienced clinicians, to manage these mental health presentations and organisational working. Formulation-based psychological assessment and the provision of direct therapy were not core functions of the NHS England model, however all Hubs incorporated these adaptations into their service models in response to local contexts, such as extensive waiting lists within external services, and/or client presentations falling between gaps in existing service provision. Finally, a standalone clinical records system was seen as important to reassure Hub users of confidentiality. Other more nuanced variation depended on localised contexts. CONCLUSION This study provides a map for setting up services, emphasising early understandings of how new services will integrate within existing systems. Local and regional contexts led to variation in service configuration. Whilst additional Hub functions are supported by available literature, further research is needed to determine whether these functions should comprise essential components of staff wellbeing services moving forward. Future research should also determine the comparative effectiveness of service components, and the limits of permissible variation. STUDY REGISTRATION researchregistry6303.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Allsopp
- Complex Trauma & Resilience Research Unit, Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Research and Innovation, 3rd Floor Rawnsley Building, Hathersage Road, Manchester, UK.
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK.
| | - Filippo Varese
- Complex Trauma & Resilience Research Unit, Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Research and Innovation, 3rd Floor Rawnsley Building, Hathersage Road, Manchester, UK
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
| | - Paul French
- Faculty of Health, Psychology and Social Care, Manchester Metropolitan University, Brooks Building, Bonsall Street, Manchester, UK
- Pennine Care NHS Foundation Trust, Trust Headquarters, 225 Old Street, Ashton-Under-Lyne, Greater Manchester, UK
| | - Ellie Young
- Greater Manchester Resilience Hub, Pennine Care NHS Foundation Trust, Trust Headquarters, 225 Old Street, Ashton-Under-Lyne, Greater Manchester, UK
| | - Hannah White
- Complex Trauma & Resilience Research Unit, Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Research and Innovation, 3rd Floor Rawnsley Building, Hathersage Road, Manchester, UK
| | - Priscilla Chung
- Lancashire and South Cumbria Resilience Hub, Lancashire and South Cumbria NHS Foundation Trust, Sceptre Point, Sceptre Way, Walton Summit, Preston, UK
| | - Jessica Davey
- Humber and North Yorkshire Resilience Hub, Tees Esk and Wear Valleys NHS Foundation Trust, West Park Hospital, Edward Pease Way, Darlington, UK
| | - Alysha A Hassan
- Cheshire and Merseyside Resilience Hub, Mersey Care NHS Foundation Trust, V7 Building, Kings Business Park, Prescot, UK
| | - Sally-Anne Wright
- Lancashire and South Cumbria Resilience Hub, Lancashire and South Cumbria NHS Foundation Trust, Sceptre Point, Sceptre Way, Walton Summit, Preston, UK
| | - Alan Barrett
- Greater Manchester Resilience Hub, Pennine Care NHS Foundation Trust, Trust Headquarters, 225 Old Street, Ashton-Under-Lyne, Greater Manchester, UK
- School of Health Science, University of Salford, Mary Seacole Building, Frederick Road Campus, Broad St, Salford, UK
| | - Gita Bhutani
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
- Lancashire and South Cumbria Resilience Hub, Lancashire and South Cumbria NHS Foundation Trust, Sceptre Point, Sceptre Way, Walton Summit, Preston, UK
| | - Katherine McGuirk
- Greater Manchester Health and Social Care Partnership, 4th Floor, 3 Piccadilly Place, Manchester, UK
| | - Gemma Shields
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
| | - Fay Huntley
- Cheshire and Merseyside Resilience Hub, Mersey Care NHS Foundation Trust, V7 Building, Kings Business Park, Prescot, UK
- Doctorate of Clinical Psychology, School of Health in Social Science, Old Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Room 2.2, Doorway 6, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Joanne Jordan
- Humber and North Yorkshire Resilience Hub, Tees Esk and Wear Valleys NHS Foundation Trust, West Park Hospital, Edward Pease Way, Darlington, UK
| | - Aleix Rowlandson
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
| | - May Sarsam
- Cheshire and Merseyside Resilience Hub, Mersey Care NHS Foundation Trust, V7 Building, Kings Business Park, Prescot, UK
| | - Hein Ten Cate
- Lancashire and South Cumbria Resilience Hub, Lancashire and South Cumbria NHS Foundation Trust, Sceptre Point, Sceptre Way, Walton Summit, Preston, UK
| | - Holly Walker
- Humber and North Yorkshire Resilience Hub, Tees Esk and Wear Valleys NHS Foundation Trust, West Park Hospital, Edward Pease Way, Darlington, UK
| | - Ruth Watson
- Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Trust Headquarters, Bury New Road, Prestwich, Manchester, M25 3BL, UK
| | - Jenni Willbourn
- Greater Manchester Resilience Hub, Pennine Care NHS Foundation Trust, Trust Headquarters, 225 Old Street, Ashton-Under-Lyne, Greater Manchester, UK
| | - Daniel Hind
- School of Health and Related Research, The Innovation Centre, University of Sheffield, 217 Portobello, Sheffield, UK
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Savage NM, Santen SA, Rawls M, Marzano DA, Wong JH, Burrows HL, Hicks RA, Aboff BM, Hemphill RR. Understanding resident wellness: A path analysis of the clinical learning environment at three institutions. MEDICAL TEACHER 2024:1-7. [PMID: 38557254 DOI: 10.1080/0142159x.2024.2331038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The clinical learning environment (CLE) affects resident physician well-being. This study assessed how aspects of the learning environment affected the level of resident job stress and burnout. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three institutions surveyed residents assessing aspects of the CLE and well-being via anonymous survey in fall of 2020 during COVID. Psychological safety (PS) and perceived organizational support (POS) were used to capture the CLE, and the Mini-Z Scale was used to assess resident job stress and burnout. A total of 2,196 residents received a survey link; 889 responded (40% response rate). Path analysis explored both direct and indirect relationships between PS, POS, resident stress, and resident burnout. RESULTS Both POS and PS had significant negative relationships with experiencing a great deal of job stress; the relationship between PS and stress was noticeably stronger than POS and stress (POS: B= -0.12, p=.025; PS: B= -0.37, p<.001). The relationship between stress and residents' level of burnout was also significant (B = 0.38, p<.001). The overall model explained 25% of the variance in resident burnout. CONCLUSIONS Organizational support and psychological safety of the learning environment is associated with resident burnout. It is important for educational leaders to recognize and mitigate these factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nastassia M Savage
- FMP Consulting, Arlington, VA, USA
- School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Sally A Santen
- Dean's Office, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- Emergency Medicine and Medical Education, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Meagan Rawls
- School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- Bon Secours Mercy Health, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - David A Marzano
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jean H Wong
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Heather L Burrows
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ralph A Hicks
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Brian M Aboff
- Graduate Medical Education, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Robin R Hemphill
- Cincinnati Veterans Association Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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9
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Lu M, Li X, Song K, Xiao Y, Zeng W, Shi C, Fan X, Li G. Mental health disparities between physicians and nurses: Analyzing the impact of occupational stress and work environment fitness using random forest algorithm. J Affect Disord 2024; 350:350-358. [PMID: 38220110 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of occupational stress and work environment fitness on mental health disparities between physicians and nurses are not well understood. This study aims to identify and rank key determinants of mental health in physicians and nurses in China and compare the differences in their impact on mental health between physicians and nurses. METHODS A large cross-sectional survey with multistage cluster sampling was conducted. The survey included the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS Scale), the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D Scale), the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS) and the Person-Environment (PE) Fit. We applied a principled, machine learning-based variable selection algorithm, using random forests, to identify and rank the determinants of the mental health in physicians and nurses. RESULTS In our study, we analyzed a sample of 9964 healthcare workers, and 2729 (27 %) were physicians. The prevalence of anxiety and depressive disorders among physicians and nurses was 31.0 % and 53.3 %, 30.8 % and 47.9 %, respectively. Among physicians with anxiety disorder, we observed a higher likelihood of cynicism, emotional exhaustion, reduced personal accomplishment, and poor organization fitness, job fitness, group fitness, and supervisor fitness, in order of importance. When comparing the effects on depressive disorder in physicians, group fitness and supervisor fitness did not have significant impacts. For nurses, emotional exhaustion had a more significant effect on depressive disorder compared to cynicism. Supervisor fitness did not have a significant impact on anxiety disorder in nurses. LIMITATIONS Cross-sectional design, self-reporting screening scales. CONCLUSIONS Compared to individual and hospital characteristics, the primary factors influencing mental health disorders are occupational burnout and the compatibility of the work environment. Additionally, the key determinants of depressive and anxiety disorders among doctors and nurses exhibit slight variations. Employing machine learning methods proves beneficial for identifying determinants of mental health disorders among physicians and nurses in China. These findings could help improve policymaking aimed at addressing the mental well-being of healthcare professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjie Lu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 227 South Chongqing Rd., Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xiyang Li
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 227 South Chongqing Rd., Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Keyu Song
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 227 South Chongqing Rd., Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yuyin Xiao
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 227 South Chongqing Rd., Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Wu Zeng
- Department of International Health, Georgetown University, 3700 Reservoir Rd. NW, Washington, DC 20057, United States of America
| | - Chenshu Shi
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 227 South Chongqing Rd., Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xianqun Fan
- China Hospital Development Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 227 South Chongqing Rd., Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Guohong Li
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 227 South Chongqing Rd., Shanghai 200025, China; China Hospital Development Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 227 South Chongqing Rd., Shanghai 200025, China.
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10
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Kim AW. Psychosocial stress, adult suicidal ideation, and the mediating effect of poor sleep quality during the COVID-19 pandemic in South Africa. Am J Hum Biol 2024; 36:e24038. [PMID: 38174783 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.24038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES South Africa instituted one of the world's strictest lockdowns during the COVID-19 pandemic, which generated heightened conditions of psychosocial stress and posed widespread mental health risks. Despite the elevated burdens of suicidal behaviors and risk of psychiatric disease in the country, few studies have examined the impacts of psychosocial stress from the pandemic on suicidal ideation in South Africa. This study examined the association between psychosocial stress experienced under the COVID-19 pandemic and adult suicidal ideation, as well as degree to which sleep quality and duration mediated this relationship. METHODS An online survey assessed experiences of COVID-19 psychosocial stress, sleep quality and duration, and suicidal ideation in a sample of 189 South African adults during the second and third waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. A causal inference framework for mediation analysis was used to assess the degree to which sleep quality and duration explained the association between COVID-19 psychosocial stress and suicidal ideation. RESULTS Suicidal ideation was reported in 21% of adults. Adults described having moderate sleep quality and an average of 6.9 hours of sleep per night. COVID-19 psychosocial stress significantly predicted adult suicidal ideation in fully adjusted models. Sleep quality, but not sleep duration, significantly mediated the association between COVID-19 psychosocial stress and suicidal ideation, accounting for 25.9% of the total effect. CONCLUSIONS Poor sleep quality may play an important role in exacerbating the alarming stress-induced mental health effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. Further research is necessary to understand the underlying sleep dynamics and associated psychological and neurobiological processes that perpetuate adult suicidal ideation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Wooyoung Kim
- Department of Anthropology, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
- SAMRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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11
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DeGraves BS, Titley H, Duan Y, Thorne TE, Banerjee S, Ginsburg L, Salma J, Hegadoren K, Angel C, Keefe J, Lanius R, Estabrooks CA. Workforce resilience supporting staff in managing stress: A coherent breathing intervention for the long-term care workforce. J Am Geriatr Soc 2024; 72:753-766. [PMID: 38156430 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.18727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Staff in long-term care (LTC) homes have long-standing stressors, such as short staffing and high workloads. These stressors increased during the COVID-19 pandemic; better resources are needed to help staff manage stress and well-being. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a simple stress management strategy (coherent breathing). METHODS We conducted a pre-post intervention study to evaluate a self-managed coherent breathing intervention from February to September 2022. The intervention included basic (breathing only) and comprehensive (breathing plus a biofeedback device) groups. Six hundred eighty-six participants were initially recruited (359 and 327 in the comprehensive and basic groups respectively) from 31 LTC homes in Alberta, Canada. Two hundred fifty-four participants completed pre-and post-intervention questionnaires (142 [55.9%] in comprehensive and 112 [44.1%] in basic). Participants were asked to use coherent breathing based on a schedule increasing from 2 to 10 min daily, 5-7 times a week over 8 weeks. Participants completed self-administered online questionnaires pre- and post-intervention to assess outcomes-stress, psychological distress, anxiety, depression, resilience, insomnia, compassion satisfaction, compassion fatigue, and burnout. We used a mixed-effects regression model to test the main effect of time (pre- and post-intervention) and group while testing the interaction between time and group and controlling for covariates. RESULTS We found statistically significant changes from pre- to post-intervention in stress (b = -2.5, p < 0.001, 95% CI = -3.1, -1.9), anxiety (b = -0.5, p < 0.001, 95% CI = -0.7, -0.3), depression (b = -0.4, p < 0.001, 95% CI = -0.6, -0.2), insomnia (b = -1.5, p < 0.001, 95% CI = -2.1, -0.9), and resilience (b = 0.2, p < 0.001, 95% CI = 0.1, 0.2). We observed no statistically significant differences between the two intervention groups on any outcome. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that coherent breathing is a promising strategy for improving stress-related outcomes and resilience. This intervention warrants further, more rigorous testing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Heather Titley
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Yinfei Duan
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Trina E Thorne
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sube Banerjee
- Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Liane Ginsburg
- School of Health Policy and Management, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jordana Salma
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Cybele Angel
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Janice Keefe
- Department of Family Studies and Gerontology, Mount Saint Vincent University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Ruth Lanius
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
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12
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Valaine L, Grēve M, Zolovs M, Ancāne G, Utināns A, Briģis Ģ. Self-Esteem and Occupational Factors as Predictors of the Incidence of Anxiety and Depression among Healthcare Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Latvia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:65. [PMID: 38248530 PMCID: PMC10815765 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21010065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence of depression and anxiety among healthcare workers (HCWs) during the COVID-19 pandemic is high. The aim of the study is to identify the importance of self-esteem and occupational factors in association with the incidence of depression and anxiety among HCWs through a longitudinal cohort study during the COVID-19 pandemic in Latvia. Participants received seven questionnaires during the COVID-19 pandemic on demographic parameters, work-related information, and contact with COVID-19 patients, and three standardized questionnaires that evaluated symptoms of anxiety (GAD-7), depression (PHQ-9), and self-esteem (Rosenberg's self-esteem scale). The Generalized Linear Mixed Model (GLMM) was used to identify factors associated with the incidence of depression and anxiety among HCWs. A total of 322 participants were included in the data analysis for depression and 352 for anxiety. HCWs with low self-esteem were 83% more likely to experience depression and 76% more likely to experience anxiety. Working at a general practitioner practice is associated with twice the risk of developing depression and anxiety. A 31% increase in the odds of depression is observed among HCWs with direct contact with COVID-19 patients. The organizational and government levels must look for opportunities to facilitate the mental health of HCWs to ensure better-quality healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Valaine
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Riga Stradiņš University, LV-1046 Riga, Latvia; (G.A.); (A.U.)
| | - Māra Grēve
- Statistics Unit, Riga Stradiņš University, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia; (M.G.); (M.Z.)
| | - Maksims Zolovs
- Statistics Unit, Riga Stradiņš University, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia; (M.G.); (M.Z.)
- Institute of Life Sciences and Technology, Daugavpils University, LV-5401 Daugavpils, Latvia
| | - Gunta Ancāne
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Riga Stradiņš University, LV-1046 Riga, Latvia; (G.A.); (A.U.)
| | - Artūrs Utināns
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Riga Stradiņš University, LV-1046 Riga, Latvia; (G.A.); (A.U.)
| | - Ģirts Briģis
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Riga Stradiņš University, LV-1010 Riga, Latvia;
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13
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He Z, Chen Y, Luo Y, Zhang L, Tang Y. Revocable and Traceable Undeniable Attribute-Based Encryption in Cloud-Enabled E-Health Systems. ENTROPY (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 26:45. [PMID: 38248171 PMCID: PMC11154253 DOI: 10.3390/e26010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The emerging cloud storage technology has significantly improved efficiency and productivity in the traditional electronic healthcare field. However, it has also brought about many security concerns. Ciphertext policy attribute-based encryption (CP-ABE) holds immense potential in achieving fine-grained access control, providing robust security for electronic healthcare data in the cloud. However, current CP-ABE schemes still face issues such as inflexible attribute revocation, relatively lower computational capabilities, and key management. To address these issues, this paper introduces a revocable and traceable undeniable ciphertext policy attribute-based encryption scheme (MA-RUABE). MA-RUABE not only enables fast and accurate data traceability, effectively preventing malicious user key leakage, but also includes a direct revocation feature, significantly enhancing computational efficiency. Furthermore, the introduction of a multi-permission mechanism resolves the issue of centralization of power caused by single-attribute permissions. Furthermore, a security analysis demonstrates that our system ensures resilience against chosen plaintext attacks. Experimental results demonstrate that MA-RUABE incurs lower computational overhead, effectively enhancing system performance and ensuring data-sharing security in cloud-based electronic healthcare systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxiang He
- State Key Laboratory of Public Big Data, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550000, China; (Z.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yuling Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Public Big Data, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550000, China; (Z.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Public Big Data, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550000, China; (Z.H.); (Y.L.)
| | - Lingyun Zhang
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550000, China; (L.Z.); (Y.T.)
| | - Yingying Tang
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550000, China; (L.Z.); (Y.T.)
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14
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Guest PC, Vasilevska V, Al-Hamadi A, Eder J, Falkai P, Steiner J. Digital technology and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: a narrative review with a focus on depression, anxiety, stress, and trauma. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1227426. [PMID: 38188049 PMCID: PMC10766703 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1227426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The sudden appearance and devastating effects of the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in the need for multiple adaptive changes in societies, business operations and healthcare systems across the world. This review describes the development and increased use of digital technologies such as chat bots, electronic diaries, online questionnaires and even video gameplay to maintain effective treatment standards for individuals with mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress syndrome. We describe how these approaches have been applied to help meet the challenges of the pandemic in delivering mental healthcare solutions. The main focus of this narrative review is on describing how these digital platforms have been used in diagnostics, patient monitoring and as a treatment option for the general public, as well as for frontline medical staff suffering with mental health issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul C. Guest
- Department of Psychiatry, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Laboratory of Translational Psychiatry, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Veronika Vasilevska
- Department of Psychiatry, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Laboratory of Translational Psychiatry, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ayoub Al-Hamadi
- Department of Neuro-Information Technology, Institute for Information Technology and Communications Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Julia Eder
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Falkai
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Johann Steiner
- Department of Psychiatry, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Laboratory of Translational Psychiatry, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Health and Medical Prevention (CHaMP), Magdeburg, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Center for Intervention and Research on Adaptive and Maladaptive Brain Circuits Underlying Mental Health (C-I-R-C), Halle-Jena-Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Magdeburg, Germany
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15
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Brook J, Duguid B, Miller N. Symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder in early career nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal survey study. J Clin Nurs 2023; 32:8063-8077. [PMID: 37793658 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the mental well-being of early career nurses working in the United Kingdom during the COVID-19 pandemic, with a particular emphasis on symptoms related to post-traumatic stress disorder. DESIGN A longitudinal survey study. METHODS Data were acquired at three timepoints during the COVID-19 pandemic (between May 2020 and March 2021) to determine whether symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder persisted over time. Quantitative measures of well-being were supplemented with survey data on the nurses' experiences of working during the pandemic. RESULTS Twenty-seven per cent of participants suffered from persistent symptoms of post-traumatic stress while working as nurses during the pandemic. The nurses' baseline resilience, as well as their perception of the quality of their work environment, were significant negative predictors of symptoms of post-traumatic stress. Participants identified a range of strategies that would have helped them during the crisis, including visible, consistent and empathetic leadership, adequate training and a supportive work environment. CONCLUSION The context of the pandemic has highlighted the vulnerability of the psychological well-being of early career nurses in the workforce. Immediate implementation of some of the more simple interventions suggested in this paper would provide early career nurses with rapid support. More complex support mechanisms should be given immediate consideration, with a view to implementation in the longer term. IMPLICATIONS FOR THE PROFESSION This study contributes new knowledge about the psychological well-being of early career nurses working during the pandemic and suggests support mechanisms that will be crucial for the retention of these nurses in the profession. A measurement of resilience may be useful for determining the appropriate level of support to provide to early career nurses. IMPACT Early career nurses are vulnerable to attrition from the profession. This could be exacerbated if the psychological well-being of these nurses is not being supported. Around 25% of early career nurses suffered from persistent symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder while working as nurses during the height of the pandemic, which is a novel finding compared to other longitudinal studies. Understanding the psychological well-being of early career nurses working during a crisis period (such as a pandemic) equips nurse managers with appropriate strategies to improve nurses' emotional health and to enhance their retention within the workforce. The current findings may be of interest to clinical practitioners who have responsibility for the retention of nursing staff. No patient or public contribution. One of the authors is a statistician.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judy Brook
- City, University of London, Northampton Square, London, UK
| | | | - Naomi Miller
- City, University of London, Northampton Square, London, UK
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16
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Garnett A, Hui L, Oleynikov C, Boamah S. Compassion fatigue in healthcare providers: a scoping review. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:1336. [PMID: 38041097 PMCID: PMC10693134 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-10356-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The detrimental impacts of COVID-19 on healthcare providers' psychological health and well-being continue to affect their professional roles and activities, leading to compassion fatigue. The purpose of this review was to identify and summarize published literature on compassion fatigue among healthcare providers and its impact on patient care. Six databases were searched: MEDLINE (Ovid), PsycINFO (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, for studies on compassion fatigue in healthcare providers, published in English from the peak of the pandemic in 2020 to 2023. To expand the search, reference lists of included studies were hand searched to locate additional relevant studies. The studies primarily focused on nurses, physicians, and other allied health professionals. This scoping review was registered on Open Science Framework (OSF), using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) extension to scoping review. From 11,715 search results, 24 met the inclusion criteria. Findings are presented using four themes: prevalence of compassion fatigue; antecedents of compassion fatigue; consequences of compassion fatigue; and interventions to address compassion fatigue. The potential antecedents of compassion fatigue are grouped under individual-, organization-, and systems-level factors. Our findings suggest that healthcare providers differ in risk for developing compassion fatigue in a country-dependent manner. Interventions such as increasing available personnel helped to minimize the occurrence of compassion fatigue. This scoping review offers important insight on the common causes and potential risks for compassion fatigue among healthcare providers and identifies potential strategies to support healthcare providers' psychological health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Garnett
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
| | - Lucy Hui
- Medical Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Christina Oleynikov
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Sheila Boamah
- School of Nursing, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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17
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Costello Z, Roberson-Miranda K, Ho S, DePierro JM, Starkweather S, Katz CL, Sharma V, Marin DB. A Resilience Program for Hospital Security Officers During the COVID-19 Pandemic Using a Community Engagement Model. J Community Health 2023; 48:963-969. [PMID: 37728723 PMCID: PMC10623110 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-023-01282-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Security officers in health systems are subject to high levels of stress and current support interventions do not necessarily target their needs. To address this gap, a resilience center at a major urban tertiary care hospital utilized community engagement principles to adapt and implement resilience and mental health awareness workshops, which were informed by initial piloting. The program consisted of twelve short briefings in which officers were provided psychoeducation on psychological first aid and adaptive coping. The program reached 107 security officers (89.5% men, 95.2% people of color); both qualitative and quantitative feedback indicated a generally positive reception. Further efforts to support security officers are warranted given their high exposure to patient crises and under-acknowledgement as frontline workers in healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zorina Costello
- Center for Spirituality and Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Stress, Resilience, and Personal Growth, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Katheryn Roberson-Miranda
- Center for Stress, Resilience, and Personal Growth, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Population Health Science & Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Division of Psychological and Educational Services, Fordham University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Scarlett Ho
- Center for Spirituality and Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Stress, Resilience, and Personal Growth, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jonathan M DePierro
- Center for Stress, Resilience, and Personal Growth, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sydney Starkweather
- Center for Stress, Resilience, and Personal Growth, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Craig L Katz
- Center for Stress, Resilience, and Personal Growth, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medical Education, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Health System Design & Global Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vanshdeep Sharma
- Center for Spirituality and Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Stress, Resilience, and Personal Growth, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Deborah B Marin
- Center for Spirituality and Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Center for Stress, Resilience, and Personal Growth, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Neill R, Peters MA, Bello S, Dairo MD, Azais V, Samuel Jegede A, Adebowale AS, Nzelu C, Azodo N, Adoghe A, Wang W, Bartlein R, Liu A, Ogunlayi M, Yaradua SU, Shapira G, Hansen PM, Fawole OI, Ahmed T. What made primary health care resilient against COVID-19? A mixed-methods positive deviance study in Nigeria. BMJ Glob Health 2023; 8:e012700. [PMID: 37984895 PMCID: PMC10660915 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2023-012700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic overwhelmed some primary health care (PHC) systems, while others adapted and recovered. In Nigeria, large, within-state variations existed in the ability to maintain PHC service volumes. Identifying characteristics of high-performing local government areas (LGAs) can improve understanding of subnational health systems resilience. METHODS Employing a sequential explanatory mixed-methods design, we quantitatively identified 'positive deviant' LGAs based on their speed of recovery of outpatient and antenatal care services to prepandemic levels using service volume data from Nigeria's health management information system and matched them to comparators with similar baseline characteristics and slower recoveries. 70 semistructured interviews were conducted with LGA officials, facility officers and community leaders in sampled LGAs to analyse comparisons based on Kruk's resilience framework. RESULTS A total of 57 LGAs were identified as positive deviants out of 490 eligible LGAs that experienced a temporary decrease in PHC-level outpatient and antenatal care service volumes. Positive deviants had an average of 8.6% higher outpatient service volume than expected, and comparators had 27.1% lower outpatient volume than expected after the initial disruption to services. Informants in 12 positive deviants described health systems that were more integrated, aware and self-regulating than comparator LGAs. Positive deviants were more likely to employ demand-side adaptations, whereas comparators primarily focused on supply-side adaptations. Barriers included long-standing financing and PHC workforce gaps. CONCLUSION Sufficient flexible financing, adequate PHC staffing and local leadership enabled health systems to recover service volumes during COVID-19. Resilient PHC requires simultaneous attention to bottom-up and top-down capabilities connected by strong leadership.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Neill
- The Global Financing Facility for Women, Children, and Adolescents, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Michael A Peters
- The Global Financing Facility for Women, Children, and Adolescents, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Segun Bello
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Magbagbeola David Dairo
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Viviane Azais
- The Global Financing Facility for Women, Children, and Adolescents, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Ayodele Samuel Jegede
- Department of Sociology, Faculty of the Social Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ayo Stephen Adebowale
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | - Ngozi Azodo
- Nigeria Federal Ministry of Health, Abuja, Nigeria
| | | | - William Wang
- Exemplars in Global Health, Gates Ventures LLC, Kirkland, Washington, USA
| | - Rebecca Bartlein
- Exemplars in Global Health, Gates Ventures LLC, Kirkland, Washington, USA
| | - Anne Liu
- Exemplars in Global Health, Gates Ventures LLC, Kirkland, Washington, USA
| | - Munirat Ogunlayi
- The Global Financing Facility for Women, Children, and Adolescents, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Saudatu Umma Yaradua
- The Global Financing Facility for Women, Children, and Adolescents, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Gil Shapira
- Development Research Group, World Bank, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Peter M Hansen
- The Global Financing Facility for Women, Children, and Adolescents, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Olufunmilayo I Fawole
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Tashrik Ahmed
- The Global Financing Facility for Women, Children, and Adolescents, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
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19
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Šagud M, Janović MB, Ćusa ZV, Jakšić N, Krakan LB, Begić D, Grubišin J, Janović Š, Jevtović S, Kosanović Rajačić B, Mamić G, Mikulić SK, Marčinko D, Peleš AM, Lisak MŠ, Štimac Z, Živković M, Ćusa BV, Wang W. Depression and stress levels in patients with different psychiatric disorders during concurrent early-phase COVID-19 pandemic and earthquake in Croatia. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:798. [PMID: 37915030 PMCID: PMC10621232 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05302-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While Croatia shared COVID-19 pandemic with other countries, its capital area was also hit by a 5.6 magnitude earthquake. The simultaneous impact of these two disasters on psychiatric patients is largely unknown, and we addressed those knowledge gaps. METHODS The cross-sectional study was conducted during the pandemic's first peak, in the aftermath of earthquake, by telephonic survey. Measurements included the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, the Perceived Stress Scale and the semi-structured interview to evaluate the impact of pandemic stress and earthquake. Overall 396 patients with depression and/or anxiety disorders (DAD), 229 participants with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) and 205 healthy controls were enrolled. RESULTS Both patient groups had higher depression and stress levels than controls, independent of sex, age and the presence of somatic comorbidity. After controlling for the same covariates, patient groups had higher COVID-19- and earthquake-related fears than controls. In patients with DAD, both fears were greater than among SSD patients. When comparing the two fears, the fear from earthquake was higher in DAD and control groups, whereas in SSD patients there was no such difference. CONCLUSIONS Patients with DAD were the most vulnerable group during disasters, while earthquake seems to be associated with more fear than the pandemics, at least in DAD patients and healthy individuals. Future longitudinal studies should determine if early psychological support might alleviate stress levels after disasters and prevent further worsening of mental health, particularly among DAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Šagud
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Bajs Janović
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Nenad Jakšić
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Lucija Bagarić Krakan
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dražen Begić
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jasmina Grubišin
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Špiro Janović
- University Centre Varaždin, University North, Varaždin, Croatia
| | - Saša Jevtović
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Biljana Kosanović Rajačić
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Suzan Kudlek Mikulić
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Darko Marčinko
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Alma Mihaljević Peleš
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Šeparović Lisak
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zoran Štimac
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Živković
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Bjanka Vuksan Ćusa
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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20
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Martínez-Caballero CM, Matellán-Hernández MP, Polo-Portes CE, Reques-Marugán AM, Soto-Cámara R, Cardaba-García RM, Thuissard IJ, Navalpotro-Pascual S. Exploring Disparities in Self-Reported Mental Health Symptoms Across Professional Categories in Spain's Emergency Medical Services: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study. Disaster Med Public Health Prep 2023; 17:e518. [PMID: 37872714 DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2023.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to analyze stress, anxiety, depression, and self-efficacy levels among Spanish out-of-hospital emergency medical professionals from February 1, 2021, to April 30, 2021. METHODS A nationwide survey was completed by 1666 Emergency Medical Services (EMS) workers. The Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE) were used. Data analysis used chi-squared, análisis of variance (ANOVA), and logistic regressions. RESULTS The sample comprised 833 (50%) men, with an average age of 44.3 ± 9.9 y (range: 19-67 y). Occupational distribution included 453 (27.2%) physicians, 474 (28.4%) nurses, and 739 (44.4%) emergency medical technicians (EMTs). EMTs exhibited higher odds of severe or extremely severe depression compared with physicians (odds ratio [OR]: 1.569; 95% confidenceinterval [95% CI]: 1.213-2.030) and nurses (OR: 1.561; 95% CI: 1.211-2.012). EMTs also displayed higher probabilities of severe or extremely severe anxiety compared with nurses (OR: 1.944; 95% CI: 1.529-2.701). Furthermore, EMTs demonstrated elevated probabilities of severe or extremely severe stress compared with physicians (OR: 1.387; 95% CI: 1.088-1.770). However, no significant differences were found in self-efficacy, with a median value of 73 [20]. CONCLUSIONS Out-of-hospital EMS workers experienced mental health challenges, showing varying levels of depression, stress, and anxiety across different occupational groups. EMTs were particularly affected.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Raúl Soto-Cámara
- Emergency Medical Service of Castilla y León-Sacyl, Valladolid, Spain
| | | | - Israel John Thuissard
- Facultad de CC Biomédicas y de la Salud, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana Navalpotro-Pascual
- Emergency Medical Service of Madrid- SUMMA 112, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Health Sciences, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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21
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Morawa E, Adler W, Schug C, Geiser F, Beschoner P, Jerg-Bretzke L, Albus C, Weidner K, Baranowski AM, Erim Y. Depressive and anxiety symptoms in the course of the COVID-19 pandemic among physicians in hospitals: results of the longitudinal, multicenter VOICE-EgePan survey over two years. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:327. [PMID: 37817222 PMCID: PMC10566070 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01354-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This longitudinal, multicenter web-based study explored the trajectories of depressive and anxiety symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic among physicians over two years. METHODS At four measurement points between 4/2020 and 5/2022 depressive (Patient Health Questionnaire-2, PHQ-2) and anxiety symptoms (Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-2, GAD-2) among physicians in German hospitals were assessed. Time, gender and age effects were analyzed with linear mixed regression models. Comparisons with norm values for the German population during the COVID-19 pandemic were also performed and frequencies of probable depression and anxiety are reported. RESULTS The physicians (N = 340) showed a significant increase of depressive symptoms from T1 (M = 1.35, SD = 1.33) to T4 (M = 1.64, SD = 1.34) (p < .001) and of anxiety symptoms from T1 (M = 1.35, SD = 1.42) to T2 (M = 1.59, SD = 1.43) (p = .024). The main effect of gender was only significant for anxiety symptoms (p = .001): women demonstrated higher scores than men. A significant age class difference was observed only for depressive symptoms: the youngest age group (18-40 years) revealed higher values than the oldest group (> 50 years, p = .003). As compared to the general population, the physicians reported significantly elevated PHQ-2 (T1: M = 1.35, SD = 1.33; T2: M = 1.53, SD = 1.37; T3: M = 1.55, SD = 1.40; T4: M = 1.64, SD = 1.34) and GAD-2 scores (T1: M = 1.35, SD = 1.42; T2: M = 1.59, SD = 1.43; T3: M = 1.61, SD = 1.57; T4: M = 1.49, SD = 1.46) for all measurement points (all p < .001). The frequencies of probable depression (PHQ-2 ≥ 3) and anxiety (GAD-2 ≥ 3) were: 14.1% and 17.0% (T1), 16.5% and 21.9% (T2), 17.8% and 22.6% (T3) and 18.5% and 17.3% (T4), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Mental distress of physicians in German hospitals has increased in the course of the COVID-19 pandemic with gender and age-related differences. Possible causes should be explored and regular monitoring of mental health and prevention programmes for physicians should be established. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was registered on ClinicalTrials (DRKS-ID: DRKS00021268) on 9.4.2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Morawa
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Schwabachanlage 6, Erlangen, 91054, Germany.
| | - Werner Adler
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Schwabachanlage 6, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Caterina Schug
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Schwabachanlage 6, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Franziska Geiser
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Clinic of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Petra Beschoner
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Lucia Jerg-Bretzke
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christian Albus
- Department of Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Kerstin Weidner
- Department of Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas M Baranowski
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Clinic of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Yesim Erim
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Schwabachanlage 6, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
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22
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Gałczyk M, Zalewska A, Sobolewski M. Assessment of Dyspnoea, Physical Activity, and Back Pain Levels in Students at Medical Universities after the COVID-19 Pandemic in Poland. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1474. [PMID: 37888084 PMCID: PMC10608276 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13101474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this research was to assess the extent of dyspnoea, physical activity (PA), and back pain complaints and the association of dyspnoea, PA, and back pain complaints with PA in post-COVID-19 students at medical universities in Poland. METHODS An online survey was carried out among Polish medical students (213 women and 204 men) who had had a positive test for SARS-CoV-2 within the last year. The Medical Research Council (MRC) dyspnoea scale was used to assess the degree of dyspnoea. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to determine the level of PA. The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and the Neck Disability Index (NDI) were used to assess back discomfort. RESULTS The study group had average levels of PA, with median total activity significantly lower in women (median total activity for women was 1189 and for men was 2044, while the standard deviation for women was 1419 and for men was 1450). More than 93% of the students reported no symptoms of dyspnoea. The following results were observed for ODI (median of 1.2 for women and 1.7 for men and standard deviation of 3.1 for women and 4.0 for men) and for NDI (median of 2.8 for women and 2.5 for men, standard deviation of 4.3 for women and 4.0 for men). Cervical spine pain was more frequent and severe. There are small, statistically significant correlations between the MRC and IPAQ measures and the ODI and NDI and IPAQ. CONCLUSIONS In the study group of students of medicine, dyspnoea linked with a history of COVID-19 is not an issue. Post-pandemic PA levels should be increased in this group, with particular attention to female students. Urgent measures are also needed to prevent cervical pain in students at medical universities in Poland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Gałczyk
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Lomza, 14 Akademicka St., 18-400 Lomza, Poland
| | - Anna Zalewska
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Lomza, 14 Akademicka St., 18-400 Lomza, Poland
| | - Marek Sobolewski
- Plant of Quantitative Methods, Rzeszow University of Technology, Al, Powstancow Warszawy 12, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
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23
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Sever MS, Luyckx V, Tonelli M, Kazancioglu R, Rodgers D, Gallego D, Tuglular S, Vanholder R. Disasters and kidney care: pitfalls and solutions. Nat Rev Nephrol 2023; 19:672-686. [PMID: 37479903 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-023-00743-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Patients with kidney disease, especially those with kidney failure, are particularly susceptible to the adverse effects of disasters because their survival depends on functional infrastructure, advanced technology, the availability of specific drugs and well-trained medical personnel. The risk of poor outcomes across the entire spectrum of patients with kidney diseases (acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease and kidney failure on dialysis or with a functioning transplant) increases as a result of disaster-related logistical challenges. Patients who are displaced face even more complex problems owing to additional threats that arise during travel and after reaching their new location. Overall, risks may be mitigated by pre-disaster preparedness and training. Emergency kidney disaster responses depend on the type and severity of the disaster and include medical and/or surgical treatment of injuries, treatment of mental health conditions, appropriate diet and logistical interventions. After a disaster, patients should be evaluated for problems that were not detected during the event, including those that may have developed as a result of the disaster. A retrospective review of the disaster response is vital to prevent future mistakes. Important ethical concerns include fair distribution of limited resources and limiting harm. Patients with kidney disease, their care-givers, health-care providers and authorities should be trained to respond to the medical and logistical problems that occur during disasters to improve outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Sukru Sever
- Istanbul University, Istanbul School of Medicine, Department of Nephrology, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Valerie Luyckx
- Department of Public and Global Health, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard, Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marcello Tonelli
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Rumeyza Kazancioglu
- Division of Nephrology, Bezmialem Vakif University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Darlene Rodgers
- Independent Nurse Consultant, American Society of Nephrology, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Dani Gallego
- European Kidney Health Alliance, Brussels, Belgium
- European Kidney Patient Federation, Wien, Austria
| | - Serhan Tuglular
- Marmara University, School of Medicine, Department of Nephrology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Raymond Vanholder
- European Kidney Health Alliance, Brussels, Belgium
- Nephrology Section, Department of Internal Medicine and Paediatrics, University Hospital Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
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24
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Rachubińska K, Panczyk M, Sygut M, Ustianowski P, Grochans E, Cybulska AM. Exploring factors influencing depression among Polish nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1272082. [PMID: 37780422 PMCID: PMC10538971 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1272082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The COVID-19 pandemic has been recognized as an international public health emergency. The aim of our study was to identify contributors to nurses' depression. Methods This survey-based study was conducted in the Pomeranian Medical University Hospital no. 1 in Szczecin and involved 207 nurses. The following standardized research instruments were applied: the World Assumptions Scale, the Athens Insomnia Scale, the Impact of Event Scale - Revised, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder, the Perceived Stress Scale, and a questionnaire of our own authorship. Results The study showed that 72.95% of the subjects experienced severe stress, and 40.58% suffered from insomnia. In addition, 65.7% of the respondents had anxiety symptoms of varying degrees of severity, and 62.8% had depressive symptoms of mild to severe severity. The mean score on the IES-R scale, reflecting a psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, was 34.25. The COVID-19 pandemic affected the psychological health of medical staff, particularly through increased stress and anxiety symptoms. Anxiety levels and insomnia significantly affect the prevalence of depression among nurses. Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic has been recognized as an international public health emergency. The COVID-19 pandemic affected the psychological health of medical staff, particularly through increased stress and anxiety symptoms. It is important to conduct further research after the COVID-19 pandemic has ended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Rachubińska
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Mariusz Panczyk
- Department of Education and Research in Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Sygut
- Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Chair of Social Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Przemysław Ustianowski
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Grochans
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Anna Maria Cybulska
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
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25
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Cheng Z, Tao Y, Liu T, He S, Chen Y, Sun L, Chen Z. Psychology, stress, insomnia, and resilience of medical staff in China during the COVID-19 policy opening: a cross-sectional survey. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1249255. [PMID: 37693701 PMCID: PMC10485264 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1249255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Since 8 January 2023 China has liberalized its control of COVID-19. In a short period of time, the infection rate of COVID-19 in China has risen rapidly, which has brought a heavy burden to medical staff. This study aimed to investigate the psychological status, stress, insomnia, effort-reward imbalance, resilience, and influencing factors of medical staff in China during the period of epidemic policy liberalization. Methods This survey was conducted from 6 February to 27 March 2023 with non-random sampling. An online questionnaire survey was conducted using HADS, PSS-14, ISI, ERI, and the resilience assessment scale for medical staff. The levels of psychological, stress, insomnia, effort-reward imbalance, and resilience of medical staff during the pandemic policy opening period were measured. Results A total of 2,038 valid questionnaires were collected. 68.5% and 53.9% of medical staff had different degrees of anxiety and depression, respectively. Excessive stress, insomnia, and high effort and low reward were 40.2%, 43.2%, and 14.2%, respectively. Gender, Profession, education level, and age are important factors that lead to anxiety and depression. Women, nurses, higher education, longer working years and hours, high effort, and low reward are risk factors for the above conditions. There was a certain correlation among the five scales, among which anxiety, depression, stress, insomnia, effort-reward imbalance, and other factors were positively correlated, while resilience was negatively correlated with these factors. Conclusion This study found that anxiety, depression, stress, insomnia, and other psychological problems of medical staff in China during the policy opening period of COVID-19 were more serious than before. At the individual and organizational levels, it is necessary to improve the well-being of medical staff, optimize the allocation of human resources, and promote the mental health of medical staff with a focus on prevention and mitigation, with the entry point of improving resilience and preventing the effort-reward imbalance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Li Sun
- Health Management Centre, First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zongtao Chen
- Health Management Centre, First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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26
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Xu X, Zhang J, Fang R, Liu H, Zhou W, She Y, Liu F, Hong X, Deng X. Evaluation of the mental health status of community frontline medical workers after the normalized management of COVID-19 in Sichuan, China. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1198822. [PMID: 37636825 PMCID: PMC10449542 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1198822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, community medical workers, as the primary enforcers of community control measures, undertook many tasks with high exposure risk, resulting in severe psychological pressure, anxiety, depression and other psychological problems. Gender, type of workers, education, marital status, working years and other demographic factors were affect the mental state of medical workers. Community frontline medical workers gradually returned to normal work and life after the normalized management of COVID-19, but heavy work and high psychological pressure may continue to affect them. Thus, our research team used the same psychological questionnaire to investigate the psychological status of community frontline medical workers after the normalized management of COVID-19 compared with the COVID-19 period. Methods This was a cross-sectional study of community frontline medical workers in Sichuan, China, from February 6 to 17, 2023. Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) and a self-designed questionnaire of demographic characteristics were provided to the participants point-to-point through a mobile network platform. Multiple logistic regression was used to analyze influencing factors related to community frontline medical workers' psychology. Results A total of 440 valid questionnaires were statistically analyzed, including 192 (43.64%) from doctors and 248 (56.36%) from nurses. There were 222 (50.45%) participants who were SCL-90 positive. The median total SCL-90 score of medical workers was 105.0 (IQR 95.00-123.75), which was higher than that during the COVID-19 period. The doctor's median SCL-90 score was 108.5 (IQR 96.00-136.25), and the positive item score was 16.5; the nurse's median score was 104.0 (IQR 94.00-119.50), and the positive item score was 12.0. Bachelor's degree education, no fixed contract and working years (10-19 years, 20-29 years, 30-39 years) were independent influencing factors for community frontline medical workers' psychology. Conclusion After the normalized management of COVID-19, community frontline medical workers still suffered from psychological problems that were even more serious than those during COVID-19. Doctors were more likely to have psychological problems than nurses. In addition, the mental health status of community frontline medical workers was affected by education, type of contract and working years. Managers should pay attention to the mental health of these people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoru Xu
- General Practice Ward, International Medical Center, General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianshu Zhang
- General Practice Ward, International Medical Center, General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ronghua Fang
- General Practice Ward, International Medical Center, General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Liu
- General Practice Ward, International Medical Center, General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weihua Zhou
- Yulin Community Health Service Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi She
- General Practice Ward, International Medical Center, General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng Liu
- General Practice Ward, International Medical Center, General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xia Hong
- Gaoxin Community Health Service Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuexue Deng
- Nursing Department of West China Hospital, West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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27
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Ptak MK, Frank E, Ross KET, Cleary JL, Sen S, Pereira-Lima K. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms Among First-Year Resident Physicians Working Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e2330241. [PMID: 37606929 PMCID: PMC10445197 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.30241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
This cohort study investigates differences in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms among first-year resident physicians training before and during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic (March to June 2020).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elena Frank
- Michigan Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor
| | | | | | - Srijan Sen
- Eisenberg Family Depression Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor
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28
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Janitra FE, Jen HJ, Chu H, Chen R, Pien LC, Liu D, Lai YJ, Banda KJ, Lee TY, Lin HC, Chang CY, Chou KR. Global prevalence of low resilience among the general population and health professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic: A meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2023; 332:29-46. [PMID: 37004902 PMCID: PMC10063525 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.03.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Objective To estimate the global prevalence of low resilience among the general population and health professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Embase, Ovid-MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, WHO COVID-19 databases, and grey literature were searched for studies from January 1, 2020, to August 22, 2022. Hoy's assessment tool was used to assess for risk of bias. Meta-analysis and moderator analysis was performed using the Generalized Linear Mixed Model with a corresponding 95 % confidence interval (95 % CI) adopting the random-effect model in R software. Between-study heterogeneity was measured using I2 and τ2 statistics. Results Overall, 44 studies involving 51,119 participants were identified. The pooled prevalence of low resilience was 27.0 % (95 % CI: 21.0 %–33.0 %) with prevalence among the general population being 35.0 % (95 % CI: 28.0 %–42.0 %) followed by 23.0 % (95 % CI: 16.0 %–30.9 %) for health professionals. The 3-month trend analysis of the prevalence of low resilience beginning January 2020 to June 2021 revealed upward then downward patterns among overall populations. The prevalence of low resilience was higher in females, studied during the delta variant dominant period, frontline health professionals, and undergraduate degree education. Limitations Study outcomes showed high heterogeneity; however, sub-group and meta-regression analyses were conducted to identify potential moderating factors. Conclusions Globally, 1 out of 4 people among the general population and health professionals experienced low resilience due to COVID-19 adversity. The prevalence of low resilience was twice as much among the general population compared to health professionals. These findings provide information for policymakers and clinicians in the development and implementation of resilience-enhancing programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fitria Endah Janitra
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung, Semarang, Indonesia
| | - Hsiu-Ju Jen
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin Chu
- Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ruey Chen
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan; Post-Baccalaureate Program in Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chung Pien
- Post-Baccalaureate Program in Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Psychiatric Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Doresses Liu
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Research Center in Nursing Clinical Practice, Wan Fang Hospital Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Jung Lai
- Department of Nursing, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kondwani Joseph Banda
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Endoscopy Unit, Surgery Department, Kamuzu Central Hospital, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | - Tso-Ying Lee
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Nursing Research Center, Department of Nursing, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chen Lin
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Research Center in Nursing Clinical Practice, Wan Fang Hospital Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yi Chang
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Post-Baccalaureate Program in Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuei-Ru Chou
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan; Research Center in Nursing Clinical Practice, Wan Fang Hospital Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Psychiatric Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Neuroscience Research Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Hammoudi Halat D, Soltani A, Dalli R, Alsarraj L, Malki A. Understanding and Fostering Mental Health and Well-Being among University Faculty: A Narrative Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4425. [PMID: 37445459 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12134425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been increasing recognition of mental health concerns in academia, with stress, burnout, anxiety, and depression being reported among faculty members. The demanding work environment, the need to balance personal and professional duties, and the constant pressure of productivity while navigating multiple tasks of teaching, research, mentorship, professional development, and service all impact the mental health and overall well-being of faculty. Higher education institutions have structurally changed as has the research landscape. These changes as well as faculty-specific and student-specific factors coupled to the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic have led to profound effects on the mental health of academics. This paper is a narrative review of the pertinent literature describing faculty mental health and well-being. It summarizes the available evidence on factors influencing faculty mental health and shows the prevalence of anxiety, depression, stress, and burnout among faculty from various academic fields and along the whole academic ladder. Using a suggested framework that collates the efforts of leaders and faculty, the paper concludes by exploring strategies that promote work-life balance among academics and suggesting effective interventions to improve their mental health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalal Hammoudi Halat
- Academic Quality Department, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Abderrezzaq Soltani
- Academic Quality Department, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Roua Dalli
- Academic Quality Department, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Lama Alsarraj
- Academic Quality Department, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Ahmed Malki
- Academic Quality Department, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
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Shiri R, Nikunlaakso R, Laitinen J. Effectiveness of Workplace Interventions to Improve Health and Well-Being of Health and Social Service Workers: A Narrative Review of Randomised Controlled Trials. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:1792. [PMID: 37372909 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11121792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Health and social service workers face high levels of workload and job stressors, which can affect their health and well-being. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the effectiveness of workplace interventions that aim to improve their mental and physical health outcomes. This review summarizes the findings of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that examined the impact of different types of workplace interventions on various health indicators among health and social service workers. The review searched the PubMed database from its inception to December 2022 and included RCTs that reported on the effectiveness of organizational-level interventions and qualitative studies that explored barriers and facilitators to participation in such interventions. A total of 108 RCTs were included in the review, covering job burnout (N = 56 RCTs), happiness or job satisfaction (N = 35), sickness absence (N = 18), psychosocial work stressors (N = 14), well-being (N = 13), work ability (N = 12), job performance or work engagement (N = 12), perceived general health (N = 9), and occupational injuries (N = 3). The review found that several workplace interventions were effective in improving work ability, well-being, perceived general health, work performance, and job satisfaction and in reducing psychosocial stressors, burnout, and sickness absence among healthcare workers. However, the effects were generally modest and short-lived. Some of the common barriers to participation in workplace interventions among healthcare workers were inadequate staff, high workload, time pressures, work constraints, lack of manager support, scheduling health programs outside work hours, and lack of motivation. This review suggests that workplace interventions have small short-term positive effects on health and well-being of healthcare workers. Workplace interventions should be implemented as routine programs with free work hours to encourage participation or integrate intervention activities into daily work routines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahman Shiri
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, P.O. Box 18, 00032 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Risto Nikunlaakso
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, P.O. Box 18, 00032 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaana Laitinen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, P.O. Box 18, 00032 Helsinki, Finland
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Mediavilla R, Felez-Nobrega M, McGreevy KR, Monistrol-Mula A, Bravo-Ortiz MF, Bayón C, Giné-Vázquez I, Villaescusa R, Muñoz-Sanjosé A, Aguilar-Ortiz S, Figueiredo N, Nicaise P, Park AL, Petri-Romão P, Purgato M, Witteveen AB, Underhill J, Barbui C, Bryant R, Kalisch R, Lorant V, McDaid D, Melchior M, Sijbrandij M, Haro JM, Ayuso-Mateos JL. Effectiveness of a mental health stepped-care programme for healthcare workers with psychological distress in crisis settings: a multicentre randomised controlled trial. BMJ MENTAL HEALTH 2023; 26:e300697. [PMID: 37263708 PMCID: PMC10254812 DOI: 10.1136/bmjment-2023-300697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence-based mental health interventions to support healthcare workers (HCWs) in crisis settings are scarce. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the capacity of a mental health intervention in reducing anxiety and depression symptoms in HCWs, relative to enhanced care as usual (eCAU), amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS We conducted an analyst-blind, parallel, multicentre, randomised controlled trial. We recruited HCWs with psychological distress from Madrid and Catalonia (Spain). The intervention arm received a stepped-care programme consisting of two WHO-developed interventions adapted for HCWs: Doing What Matters in Times of Stress (DWM) and Problem Management Plus (PM+). Each intervention lasted 5 weeks and was delivered remotely by non-specialist mental health providers. HCWs reporting psychological distress after DWM completion were invited to continue to PM+. The primary endpoint was self-reported anxiety/depression symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-Anxiety and Depression Scale) at week 21. FINDINGS Between 3 November 2021 and 31 March 2022, 115 participants were randomised to stepped care and 117 to eCAU (86% women, mean age 37.5). The intervention showed a greater decrease in anxiety/depression symptoms compared with eCAU at the primary endpoint (baseline-adjusted difference 4.4, 95% CI 2.1 to 6.7; standardised effect size 0.8, 95% CI 0.4 to 1.2). No serious adverse events occurred. CONCLUSIONS Brief stepped-care psychological interventions reduce anxiety and depression during a period of stress among HCWs. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Our results can inform policies and actions to protect the mental health of HCWs during major health crises and are potentially rapidly replicable in other settings where workers are affected by global emergencies. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT04980326.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Mediavilla
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Madrid, Spain
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research, Mainz, Germany
| | - Mireia Felez-Nobrega
- Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Kerry R McGreevy
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Monistrol-Mula
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María-Fe Bravo-Ortiz
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario La Paz - IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Bayón
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario La Paz - IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Iago Giné-Vázquez
- Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rut Villaescusa
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ainoa Muñoz-Sanjosé
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario La Paz - IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Natasha Figueiredo
- Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP), Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM), Paris, France
| | - Pablo Nicaise
- Institute of Health and Society (IRSS), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - A-La Park
- Department of Health Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK
| | | | - Marianna Purgato
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health and Service Evaluation - Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine, and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Anke B Witteveen
- Department of Clinical Neuro- and Developmental Psychology - WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Dissemination of Psychological Interventions, Vrije University, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - James Underhill
- Department of Clinical Neuro- and Developmental Psychology - WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Dissemination of Psychological Interventions, Vrije University, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Corrado Barbui
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Mental Health and Service Evaluation - Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine, and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Richard Bryant
- School of Psychology, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Raffael Kalisch
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research, Mainz, Germany
- Neuroimaging Center (NIC) - Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Vincent Lorant
- Institute of Health and Society (IRSS), Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - David McDaid
- Department of Health Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK
| | - Maria Melchior
- Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP), Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM), Paris, France
| | - Marit Sijbrandij
- Department of Clinical Neuro- and Developmental Psychology - WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Dissemination of Psychological Interventions, Vrije University, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Josep Maria Haro
- Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Ayuso-Mateos
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Princesa (IIS-Princesa), Madrid, Spain
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Hui L, Garnett A, Oleynikov C, Boamah SA. Compassion fatigue in healthcare providers during the COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review protocol. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e069843. [PMID: 37258070 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-069843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted the psychological health and well-being of healthcare providers. An amplification in chronic stressors, workload and fatalities may have increased the risk of compassion fatigue and disrupted the quality of patient care. Although current studies have explored the general psychological status of healthcare providers during the COVID-19 pandemic, few have focused on compassion fatigue. The purpose of this review is to explore the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on compassion fatigue in healthcare providers and the repercussions of compassion fatigue on patient care. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This scoping review will follow Joanna Briggs Institute and Arksey and O'Malley scoping review methodology. Comprehensive searches will be conducted in the following relevant databases: MEDLINE (Ovid), PsycINFO (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science. To expand the search, reference lists of included studies will be handsearched for additional relevant studies. Included studies must report on the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on compassion fatigue in healthcare providers and have been published in English since January 2020. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This review does not require research ethics board approval. By examining the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on compassion fatigue in healthcare providers, this scoping review can offer important insight into the possible risks, protective factors and strategies to support healthcare providers' psychological health and patient care amidst persisting stressful conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Hui
- Medical Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anna Garnett
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christina Oleynikov
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- School of Kinesiology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sheila A Boamah
- School of Nursing, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Farrell D, Moran J, Zat Z, Miller PW, Knibbs L, Papanikolopoulos P, Prattos T, McGowan I, McLaughlin D, Barron I, Mattheß C, Kiernan MD. Group early intervention eye movement desensitization and reprocessing therapy as a video-conference psychotherapy with frontline/emergency workers in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder and moral injury—An RCT study. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1129912. [PMID: 37063579 PMCID: PMC10100089 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1129912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveFrontline mental health, emergency, law enforcement, and social workers have faced unprecedented psychological distress in responding to the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of the RCT (Randomized Controls Trial) study was to investigate the effectiveness of a Group EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) therapy (Group Traumatic Episode Protocol—GTEP) in the treatment of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Moral Injury. The treatment focus is an early intervention, group trauma treatment, delivered remotely as video-conference psychotherapy (VCP). This early intervention used an intensive treatment delivery of 4x2h sessions over 1-week. Additionally, the group EMDR intervention utilized therapist rotation in treatment delivery.MethodsThe study’s design comprised a delayed (1-month) treatment intervention (control) versus an active group. Measurements included the International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ), Generalized Anxiety Disorder Assessment (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Moral Injury Events Scale (MIES), and a Quality-of-Life psychometric (EQ-5D), tested at T0, T1: pre—treatment, T2: post-treatment, T3: 1-month follow-up (FU), T4: 3-month FU, and T5: 6-month FU. The Adverse Childhood Experiences – International version (ACEs), Benevolent Childhood Experience (BCEs) was ascertained at pre-treatment only. N = 85 completed the study.ResultsResults highlight a significant treatment effect within both active and control groups. Post Hoc comparisons of the ITQ demonstrated a significant difference between T1 pre (mean 36.8, SD 14.8) and T2 post (21.2, 15.1) (t11.58) = 15.68, p < 0.001). Further changes were also seen related to co-morbid factors. Post Hoc comparisons of the GAD-7 demonstrated significant difference between T1 pre (11.2, 4.91) and T2 post (6.49, 4.73) (t = 6.22) = 4.41, p < 0.001; with significant difference also with the PHQ-9 between T1 pre (11.7, 5.68) and T2 post (6.64, 5.79) (t = 6.30) = 3.95, p < 0.001, d = 0.71. The treatment effect occurred irrespective of either ACEs/BCEs during childhood. However, regarding Moral Injury, the MIES demonstrated no treatment effect between T1 pre and T5 6-month FU. The study’s findings discuss the impact of Group EMDR therapy delivered remotely as video-conference psychotherapy (VCP) and the benefits of including a therapist/rotation model as a means of treatment delivery. However, despite promising results suggesting a large treatment effect in the treatment of trauma and adverse memories, including co-morbid symptoms, research results yielded no treatment effect in frontline/emergency workers in addressing moral injury related to the COVID-19 pandemic.ConclusionThe NICE (2018) guidance on PTSD highlighted the paucity of EMDR therapy research used as an early intervention. The primary rationale for this study was to address this critical issue. In summary, treatment results for group EMDR, delivered virtually, intensively, using therapist rotation are tentatively promising, however, the moral dimensions of trauma need consideration for future research, intervention development, and potential for further scalability. The data contributes to the emerging literature on early trauma interventions.Clinical Trial Registration:Clinicaltrials.gov, ISRCTN16933691.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek Farrell
- Department for Violence Prevention, Trauma and Criminology (VPTC), School of Psychology, University of Worcester, Worcester, United Kingdom
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen’s University, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Derek Farrell,
| | - Johnny Moran
- Department for Violence Prevention, Trauma and Criminology (VPTC), School of Psychology, University of Worcester, Worcester, United Kingdom
| | - Zeynep Zat
- Department for Violence Prevention, Trauma and Criminology (VPTC), School of Psychology, University of Worcester, Worcester, United Kingdom
| | - Paul W. Miller
- School of Nursing, Magee Campus, Ulster University, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Lorraine Knibbs
- Department for Violence Prevention, Trauma and Criminology (VPTC), School of Psychology, University of Worcester, Worcester, United Kingdom
| | - Penny Papanikolopoulos
- Department for Violence Prevention, Trauma and Criminology (VPTC), School of Psychology, University of Worcester, Worcester, United Kingdom
| | - Tessa Prattos
- Department for Violence Prevention, Trauma and Criminology (VPTC), School of Psychology, University of Worcester, Worcester, United Kingdom
| | - Iain McGowan
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen’s University, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Derek McLaughlin
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen’s University, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Barron
- Centre for International Education, College of Education, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Cordula Mattheß
- Department for Violence Prevention, Trauma and Criminology (VPTC), School of Psychology, University of Worcester, Worcester, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew D. Kiernan
- Northern Hub for Veteran and Military Families’ Research, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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Okuda S, Qureshi ZP, Yanagida Y, Ito C, Homma Y, Tokita S. Factors Associated with Prescriptions for an Orexin Receptor Antagonist Among Japanese Patients with Insomnia: Analysis of a Nationwide Japanese Claims Database. Drugs Real World Outcomes 2023:10.1007/s40801-023-00356-4. [PMID: 36867350 PMCID: PMC9982805 DOI: 10.1007/s40801-023-00356-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have examined the prescribing patterns of orexin receptor antagonists (ORAs) in the real-world clinical setting in Japan. OBJECTIVE We sought to analyze the factors associated with ORA prescriptions for patients with insomnia in Japan. METHODS Outpatients (aged ≥ 20 to < 75 years old) prescribed one or more hypnotic for insomnia between April 1, 2018 and March 31, 2020 with continuous enrollment for ≥ 12 months were extracted from the JMDC Claims Database. We performed multivariable logistic regression to identify factors (patient demographics and psychiatric comorbidities) associated with ORA prescription in new or non-new users of hypnotics (patients without or with hypnotics prescription history, respectively). RESULTS Of 58,907 new users, 11,589 (19.7%) were prescribed ORA at the index date. Male sex (odds ratio [OR] 1.17, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.12-1.22) and presence of bipolar disorders (OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.20-1.55) were associated with greater odds of ORA prescription. Among 88,611 non-new users, 15,504 (17.5%) were prescribed ORA at the index date. Younger age and several psychiatric comorbidities, such as neurocognitive disorders (OR 1.64, 95% CI 1.15-2.35), substance use disorders (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.05-1.35), bipolar disorders (OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.07-1.22), schizophrenia spectrum disorders (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.01-1.14), and anxiety disorders (OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.00-1.10), were associated with greater odds of ORA prescription. CONCLUSION This is the first study to determine the factors associated with ORA prescriptions in Japan. Our findings could help guide appropriate insomnia treatment using ORAs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zaina P. Qureshi
- Center for Observational and Real-world Evidence (CORE), Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ USA
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Granados Villalpando JM, Baeza Flores GDC, Ble Castillo JL, Celorio Méndez KDS, Juárez Rojop IE, Morales Contreras JA, Olvera Hernández V, Quiroz Gómez S, Romero Tapia SDJ, Ruíz Quiñones JA, Guzmán Priego CG. Mental Health Disorders and Coping Strategies in Healthcare Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Analytical Cross-Sectional Study in Southeastern Mexico. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4230. [PMID: 36901239 PMCID: PMC10001768 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Mental health disorders are relatively common in the general population and were already an important issue for the healthcare sector before COVID-19. COVID-19, being a worldwide crucial event and evidently a great stressor has increased both the prevalence and incidence of these. Therefore, it is evident that COVID-19 and mental health disorders are closely related. Moreover, several coping strategies exist to endure said disorders such as depression and anxiety, which are used by the population to confront stressors, and healthcare workers are not the exception. This was an analytical cross-sectional study, conducted from August to November 2022, via an online survey. Prevalence and severity of depression, anxiety, and stress were assessed via the DASS-21 test, and coping strategies were assessed via the CSSHW test. The sample consisted of 256 healthcare workers and of those, 133 (52%) were males with a mean age of 40.4 ± 10.35, and 123 (48%) were females with a mean age of 37.28 ± 9.33. Depression was prevalent in 43%, anxiety in 48%, and stress in 29.7%. Comorbidities were a significant risk factor for both depression and anxiety with an OR of 10.9 and 4.18, respectively. The psychiatric background was a risk factor for depression with an OR of 2.17, anxiety with an OR of 2.43, and stress with an OR of 3.58. The age difference was an important factor in the development of depression and anxiety. The maladaptive coping mechanism was prevalent in 90 subjects and was a risk factor for depression (OR of 2.94), anxiety (OR of 4.46) and stress (OR of 3.68). The resolution coping mechanism was a protective factor for depression (OR of 0.35), anxiety (OR of 0.22), and stress (OR of 0.52). This study shows that mental health disorders are highly prevalent among healthcare workers in Mexico and that coping strategies are associated with their prevalence. It also implies that not only occupations, age, and comorbidities might affect mental health, but also the way patients confront reality and the behavior and decisions they take towards stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Maximiliano Granados Villalpando
- Cardiometabolism Laboratory, Research Center, Health Sciences Academic Division (DACS), Juarez Autonomous University of Tabasco (UJAT), Villahermosa 86040, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe del Carmen Baeza Flores
- Cardiometabolism Laboratory, Research Center, Health Sciences Academic Division (DACS), Juarez Autonomous University of Tabasco (UJAT), Villahermosa 86040, Mexico
| | - Jorge Luis Ble Castillo
- Metabolic Disease Biochemistry, Research Center, Health Sciences Academic Division (DACS), Juarez Autonomous University of Tabasco (UJAT), Villahermosa 86040, Mexico
| | - Karla del Socorro Celorio Méndez
- Cardiometabolism Laboratory, Research Center, Health Sciences Academic Division (DACS), Juarez Autonomous University of Tabasco (UJAT), Villahermosa 86040, Mexico
| | - Isela Esther Juárez Rojop
- Lipid Metabolism, Research Center, Health Sciences Academic Division (DACS), Juarez Autonomous University of Tabasco (UJAT), Villahermosa 86040, Mexico
| | - José Antonio Morales Contreras
- Cardiometabolism Laboratory, Research Center, Health Sciences Academic Division (DACS), Juarez Autonomous University of Tabasco (UJAT), Villahermosa 86040, Mexico
| | - Viridiana Olvera Hernández
- Metabolic Disease Biochemistry, Research Center, Health Sciences Academic Division (DACS), Juarez Autonomous University of Tabasco (UJAT), Villahermosa 86040, Mexico
| | - Sergio Quiroz Gómez
- Health Sciences Academic Division (DACS), Juarez Autonomous University of Tabasco (UJAT), Villahermosa 86040, Mexico
| | - Sergio de Jesús Romero Tapia
- Health Sciences Academic Division (DACS), Juarez Autonomous University of Tabasco (UJAT), Villahermosa 86040, Mexico
| | - Jesús Arturo Ruíz Quiñones
- Research Center for Tropical and Emerging Diseases, High Specialty Regional Hospital “Juan Graham Casasús”, Villahermosa 86126, Mexico
| | - Crystell Guadalupe Guzmán Priego
- Cardiometabolism Laboratory, Research Center, Health Sciences Academic Division (DACS), Juarez Autonomous University of Tabasco (UJAT), Villahermosa 86040, Mexico
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Understanding the Quality of Life and Its Related Factors in Orthodontics Postgraduate Students: A Mixed Methods Approach. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:dj11020039. [PMID: 36826184 PMCID: PMC9955001 DOI: 10.3390/dj11020039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This study analyzed the academic, sociodemographic, and labor conditions related to the quality of life (QOL) of orthodontics postgraduate students in Colombia. A mixed study (explanatory sequential design) was conducted. An online cross-sectional survey (n = 84; 64.3% females) was carried out with sociodemographic, academic, social support, health, labor, and QOL (WHOQOL-BREF) variables. Descriptive, bivariate analyses, and multivariate linear regression were performed. Focus groups (FGs) delved into aspects of relevance regarding QOL and determinants, through qualitative content analysis and triangulation of information. The median score in the four WHOQOL-BREF dimensions surpasses 50 points, with the highest score being in the psychological dimension (62.5 ± 16.7). According to the multivariate linear regression models, the variables significantly associated with QOL scores were playing sports, being married/living together, normal BMI, low social support, and medium/low socioeconomic status. The qualitative results explained the determinants of QOL in the personal, academic, and social dimensions of the participants. The discourses showed that the postgraduate course represents a resignification of their life, where their QOL is affected by the difficulties of their academic development, by the difficulty of reconciling the personal academic load with their affective, work, and social life, and by the stress they experience in their staff process. In conclusion, the participants' QOL was moderate and affected by different factors. The findings highlighted the importance of mental health promotion and well-being strategies in students of orthodontic postgraduate training programs in Colombia for improving QOL.
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Idoiaga Mondragon N, Fernandez IL, Ozamiz-Etxebarria N, Villagrasa B, Santabárbara J. PTSD (Posttraumatic Stress Disorder) in Teachers: A Mini Meta-Analysis during COVID-19. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1802. [PMID: 36767168 PMCID: PMC9914732 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since March 2020, when the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 pandemic, in order to stop the spread of the virus, unprecedented measures were taken worldwide. One of the most important measures was the closure of schools and educational centers around the world in 2020, and very extreme health protocols have been in place in educational centers since they were reopened. From early childhood education to universities, teachers first had to adapt in a short period time to online classes and then continuously readapt to new protocols according to the pandemic situation. This academic environment, in addition to the pandemic situation itself, has favored the emergence of mental disorders such as Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). MATERIALS AND METHODS Medline via PubMed and other databases were searched for studies on the prevalence of PTSD in teachers from 1 December 2019 to 1 October 2022. A total of five studies were included in this review. Our results show a prevalence of PTSD of 11% reported by teachers. No subgroups nor meta-regression analyses were performed due to the insufficient number of studies available. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that teachers are suffering from PTSD, so it is important to carry out more studies worldwide. Similarly, measures to improve the mental health and well-being of teachers during the pandemic and post-pandemic periods are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahia Idoiaga Mondragon
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Idoia Legorburu Fernandez
- Department of Didactics and School Organization, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Naiara Ozamiz-Etxebarria
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | | | - Javier Santabárbara
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Ministry of Science and Innovation, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Microbiology, Pediatrics, Radiology and Public Health, University of Zaragoza, C/Domingo Miral s/n, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Aragonese Institute of Health Sciences (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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Tang L, Yu XT, Wu YW, Zhao N, Liang RL, Gao XL, Jiang WY, Chen YF, Yang WJ. Burnout, depression, anxiety and insomnia among medical staff during the COVID-19 epidemic in Shanghai. Front Public Health 2023; 10:1019635. [PMID: 36699909 PMCID: PMC9869169 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1019635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has progressively impacted our daily lives, resulting in unexpected physical and mental stress on medical staff. This study is designed to investigate the levels of and risk factors for burnout, depression, anxiety, and insomnia among medical staff during the COVID-19 epidemic breakout in Shanghai, China. Methods This cross-sectional survey was conducted from May 1 to May 31, 2022, among medical staff who were on the frontline during the epidemic breakout in Shanghai from different institutions. The MBI-HSS was used to assess burnout, PHQ-9, GAD-7 and ISI were used to evaluate mental status and insomnia. Results A total of 543 valid questionnaires were collected. The depersonalization, depression, anxiety, and insomnia scores of medical staff were significantly higher during the pandemic in Shanghai compared with norms, while lack of personal achievement scores were decreased. Working time, work unit, work environment and age are important influencers of burnout, depression and anxiety of medical staff. Long working hours are the most likely causes of burnout and emotional disorders. Medical staff in primary hospitals were most likely to suffer from burnout and emotional disorders, while medical staff in tertiary hospitals had a reduced sense of personal achievement. Young medical staff are prone to negative emotions such as depression and anxiety, while older medical staff have a lower sense of personal accomplishment. Medical staff who were not in the shelter hospitals or designated hospitals were more likely to have problems of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and anxiety than those who were in the shelter hospitals or designated hospitals. Contracting COVID-19 had no effect on medical staff. Emotional exhaustion and depersonalization were positively correlated with anxiety, depression, and sleep disorders while personal achievement was negatively correlated with these factors. Conclusion Medical staff in Shanghai had high burnout, depression, anxiety and insomnia levels during the epidemic outbreak in Shanghai. During the COVID-19, medical staff may suffer different psychological problems which should be concerned. Care and supports about burnout, mental health and insomnia need to be taken to promote the mental health of medical staff according to different characteristics of medical staff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Tang
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-tong Yu
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-wei Wu
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Na Zhao
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui-long Liang
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-lin Gao
- Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital Affiliated Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-yan Jiang
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun-fei Chen
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,Yun-fei Chen ✉
| | - Wen-jia Yang
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Wen-jia Yang ✉
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van Elk F, Robroek SJW, Burdorf A, Oude Hengel KM. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on psychosocial work factors and emotional exhaustion among workers in the healthcare sector: a longitudinal study among 1915 Dutch workers. Occup Environ Med 2023; 80:27-33. [PMID: 36424169 PMCID: PMC9763172 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2022-108478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to investigate across subgroups of healthcare workers (1) the changes in psychosocial working conditions and emotional exhaustion during the pandemic compared with the situation before, and (2) the impact of different stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of hospital pressure on psychosocial working conditions and emotional exhaustion. METHODS Five questionnaire measurements during 2 years from 1915 healthcare workers in the longitudinal study 'the Netherlands Working Conditions Survey-COVID-19' were used. At each measurement, three subgroups were defined: working with patients with COVID-19, working with other patients and not working with patients. For each measurement, hospital pressure was determined by number of hospitalisations per day. Linear mixed models were fitted to analyse differences across subgroups of healthcare workers. RESULTS During COVID-19, psychosocial working conditions deteriorated among healthcare workers working with patients, in particular with patients with COVID-19, compared with healthcare workers not working with patients after correcting for the situation before COVID-19. No changes were observed for emotional exhaustion in any of the subgroups. An increasing hospital pressure improved job autonomy and reduced emotional demands among healthcare workers in COVID-19 wards, but had no influence on other psychosocial working conditions and emotional exhaustion. CONCLUSION Psychosocial working conditions deteriorated for healthcare workers working with (COVID-19) patients during the pandemic, while emotional exhaustion did not change among all groups of healthcare workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fleur van Elk
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Suzan J W Robroek
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alex Burdorf
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Milo RB, Gómez E, Suarez C, Calero P, Connelly CD. Nurses and Respiratory Therapists Lived Experience During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study. SAGE Open Nurs 2023; 9:23779608231196843. [PMID: 37675150 PMCID: PMC10478530 DOI: 10.1177/23779608231196843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Nurses and respiratory therapists working on the frontline during the pandemic surge were short-staffed and worked extended hours while adding new tasks to already demanding workloads. As the world watched news covering COVID-19's effect, nurses and respiratory therapists lived through the daily stress of treating each patient with care, dignity, and compassion. Limited studies have focused on this population, which is vital to providing care and saving lives; research is needed to understand nurses' and respiratory therapists' experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective The study aimed to understand nurses' and respiratory therapists' experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A qualitative descriptive study, informed by naturalistic philosophy, was designed to obtain a detailed account of participants' experiences during the pandemic surge. A purposive sample was recruited and enrolled from the community through professional organizations and snowball sampling from December 2021 to September 2022. Data was analyzed using thematic analysis. Results Participants were seven registered nurses and six respiratory therapists employed full-time in an intensive care unit, step-down intensive care unit, emergency department, or medical-surgical unit; seven (53.8%) with an associate degree, and six (46.2%) with a bachelor's degree. Eight (66.7%) self-identified as White, one Asian, one non-Hispanic Black, and two Pacific Islanders. The mean age was 40, and 10 (76.9%) were female. Six primary themes emerged: (a) the work-life experience before the COVID-19 pandemic, (b) the work-life experience during the COVID-19 pandemic, (c) the personal life experience during COVID-19, (d) the coping period, (e) the professional role change, and (f) the work and personal life experiences post COVID-19 surge. Conclusion The knowledge gained from this study can help improve understanding of the professional quality of life, the need for organizational and community support, and for healthcare professionals to seek help and practice self-care to prevent burnout and secondary traumatic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razel Bacuetes Milo
- Hahn School of Nursing and Health Science, Beyster Institute for Nursing Research, University of San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Elvira Gómez
- California State University San Marcos, San Marcos, CA, USA
| | - Carol Suarez
- CEHHS School of Nursing, California State University San Marcos, San Marcos, CA, USA
| | - Patricia Calero
- Hahn School of Nursing and Health Science, Beyster Institute for Nursing Research, University of San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Cynthia D. Connelly
- Hahn School of Nursing and Health Science, Beyster Institute for Nursing Research, University of San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
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de Filippis R, El Hayek S, Shalbafan M. Editorial: Mental illness, culture, and society: Dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1073768. [PMID: 36405906 PMCID: PMC9674302 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1073768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Renato de Filippis
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Samer El Hayek
- Medical Department, Erada Center for Treatment and Rehab, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammadreza Shalbafan
- Mental Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ghahramani S, Bagheri Lankarani K, Ahmadi Marzaleh M, Sayari M, Moradi H. Resilient Nurses in the COVID-19 Compared With Non-COVID-19 Wards. Disaster Med Public Health Prep 2022; 17:e351. [PMID: 36325879 PMCID: PMC10019928 DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2022.264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Owing to daily exposure to high job stress, nurses need to use coping techniques. One of the coping strategies helping a person to cope with stressful situations effectively is resiliency skills. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine the factors related to nurses' resiliency during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic. METHODS The resiliency of 288 nurses, 145 nurses from the COVID-19 wards , and 143 nurses from other wards were compared using 25-item Connor & Davidson Resilience Questionnaire. This study was conducted in 2021 in four referral hospitals at Shiraz. RESULTS The mean age of participants was 32 y. The average resilience score in the in the participants worked in COVID-19 wards was 95.30 for men and 87.72 for women, and in the non-COVID-19 wards was 85.82 for men and 88.48 for women. The mean resiliency scores of nurses working in COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 wards did not show a statistically significant difference. Factors affecting resilience included age, employment status, gender, and job expectancy. CONCLUSIONS In this study, the resiliency of nurses working in COVID-19 wards did not differed from that of working in non-COVID-19 ones. This result should be further investigated and elaborated. Health policymakers should consider job expectation, gender, age, and employment status of nurses when making plans for future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulmaz Ghahramani
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Kamran Bagheri Lankarani
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Milad Ahmadi Marzaleh
- Department of Health in Disasters and Emergencies, School of Management and Medical Informatics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sayari
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hekmatollah Moradi
- Department of Health in Disasters and Emergencies, School of Management and Medical Informatics, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Corresponding author: Hekmatollah Moradi,
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Marcotrigiano V, Pattavina F, Blangiardi L, Salerno G, Dalena A, Del Bianco F, Di Fant M, Fabbro A, Forgiarini M, Lanzilotti C, Wachocka M, Marchet P, Mazzurana M, Rizzi R, Russo C, Salerno F, Vailati M, Stingi GD, Laurenti P, Ferro A, Cinquetti S, Napoli C. The Preventive Health Professions in Italy: The Efficient Use of Resources, Skills and Best Practice during the Pandemic. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:1906. [PMID: 36292353 PMCID: PMC9601740 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10101906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Health visitors (HVs) and environmental health officers (EHOs) are the healthcare workers (HCWs) who, in the Italian National Health Service, mainly operate in the prevention departments of local health authorities, guaranteeing the territorial activities specifically declared with the respective professional profiles. During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, it was necessary to reallocate all HCWs supporting Hygiene and Public Health Services involved on the front lines of the emergency, in order to perform preventive activities and to take immediate action to fight the spread of the virus. By means of an IT survey consisting of three sections, this study investigated how 960 HVs and EHOs dealt with this reallocation, with the shifting in service assignment, and with the perceived level of fatigue and pressure, through the application of skills acquired from university training. The synergy among the preventive health professions, the ability to work in a multi-professional team, and the complementary training of HCWs represent the main strengths for overcoming future public health challenges, aimed at protecting human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Marcotrigiano
- Prevention Department, Local Health Authority BT, Barletta-Andria-Trani, 76125 Trani, Italy
| | - Fabio Pattavina
- Hygiene Hospital Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Blangiardi
- Prevention Department, Local Health Authority “AULSS 6 Euganea”, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Gerardo Salerno
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs “NESMOS”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Annamaria Dalena
- Prevention Department, Local Health Authority Taranto, 74121 Taranto, Italy
| | - Flavio Del Bianco
- Prevention Technical Platform, “AS FO” Western Friuli Health Authority, 33170 Pordenone, Italy
| | - Marcella Di Fant
- Prevention Department, “ASU FC” Friuli Centrale University Health Authority, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Anna Fabbro
- Prevention Department, “ASU FC” Friuli Centrale University Health Authority, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Mariarita Forgiarini
- Prevention Department, “ASU FC” Friuli Centrale University Health Authority, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Carola Lanzilotti
- Prevention Department, Local Health Authority Brindisi, 72100 Brindisi, Italy
| | - Malgorzata Wachocka
- Hygiene Hospital Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Marchet
- Prevention Department, Local Health Authority “AULSS 1 Dolomiti”, 32100 Belluno, Italy
| | - Mirko Mazzurana
- Prevention Department, Provincial Authority for Health Services, “APSS” Autonomous Province of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Roberto Rizzi
- Prevention Department, Local Health Authority Taranto, 74121 Taranto, Italy
| | - Carmela Russo
- Bachelor’s Course in Health Assistance, University of Padua, 35122 Padua, Italy
| | - Fabiana Salerno
- Prevention Department, “ASU FC” Friuli Centrale University Health Authority, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Mattia Vailati
- Authorization for the Accreditation of Healthcare Structures Unit, “ATS” Agency for Health Protection of Metropolitan Area of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Patrizia Laurenti
- Life Sciences and Public Health Department, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Ferro
- Prevention Department, Provincial Authority for Health Services, “APSS” Autonomous Province of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Sandro Cinquetti
- Prevention Department, Local Health Authority “AULSS 1 Dolomiti”, 32100 Belluno, Italy
| | - Christian Napoli
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy
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Fischer F, Wicherski J, Tobollik M, McCall T. Experiences Shared by the (Future) Public Health Workforce during the COVD-19 Pandemic in Germany: Results of a Survey on Workload, Work Content, and Related Challenges among Students and Young Professionals. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11444. [PMID: 36141717 PMCID: PMC9517565 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Although previous studies have focused on the adverse effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on various professional groups (particularly in the health and nursing care sector), this study aims to close a research gap by assessing perspectives of students and young professionals in epidemiology and public health in Germany in terms of shifts in workload, work content, and related challenges caused by the pandemic. We conducted a cross-sectional survey between mid-February and mid-March 2022. Quantitative data were analyzed via standardized mean differences. Qualitative data based on answers to open-ended questions were analyzed via a qualitative content analysis. Overall, 172 individuals participated in this survey. Results indicate that students felt burdened the most by lack of exchange with other students and lecturers. Study participants employed in public health experienced changes in their employment because they had changes in their work content- and administration, which was accompanied by a high burden due to the workload. Multiple demands that can have an impact on both acquired skills and mental health during the professional qualification phase were mentioned by the participants. Therefore, more in-depth analyses are needed to investigate the impact the pandemic will have on the (future) public health workforce in the long run.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Fischer
- Institute of Public Health, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Bavarian Research Center for Digital Health and Social Care, Kempten University of Applied Sciences, 87437 Kempten, Germany
| | - Julia Wicherski
- Division 5 Research, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices, 53175 Bonn, Germany
| | - Myriam Tobollik
- Section II 1.5 Environmental Medicine and Health Effects Assessment, German Environment Agency, 14193 Berlin, Germany
| | - Timothy McCall
- Medical School OWL, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
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