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Melamud MM, Bobrik DV, Brit PI, Efremov IS, Buneva VN, Nevinsky GA, Akhmetova EA, Asadullin AR, Ermakov EA. Biochemical, Hematological, Inflammatory, and Gut Permeability Biomarkers in Patients with Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome with and without Delirium Tremens. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2776. [PMID: 38792318 PMCID: PMC11121978 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13102776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Delirium Tremens (DT) is known to be a serious complication of alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS). Neurotransmitter abnormalities, inflammation, and increased permeability are associated with the pathogenesis of AWS and DT. However, the biomarkers of these conditions are still poorly understood. Methods: In this work, biochemical, hematologic, inflammatory, and gut permeability biomarkers were investigated in the following three groups: healthy controls (n = 75), severe AWS patients with DT (n = 28), and mild/moderate AWS without DT (n = 97). Blood sampling was performed after resolution of the acute condition (on 5 ± 1 day after admission) to collect clinical information from patients and to investigate associations with clinical scales. Biomarker analysis was performed using automated analyzers and ELISA. Inflammatory biomarkers included the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR). Results: Among the biochemical biomarkers, only glucose, total cholesterol, and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) changed significantly in the analyzed groups. A multiple regression analysis showed that age and ALT were independent predictors of the CIWA-Ar score. Hematologic biomarker analysis showed an increased white blood cell count, and the elevated size and greater size variability of red blood cells and platelets (MCV, RDWc, and PDWc) in two groups of patients. Gut permeability biomarkers (FABP2, LBP, and zonulin) did not change, but were associated with comorbid pathologies (alcohol liver disease and pancreatitis). The increase in inflammatory biomarkers (ESR and PLR) was more evident in AWS patients with DT. Cluster analysis confirmed the existence of a subgroup of patients with evidence of high inflammation, and such a subgroup was more frequent in DT patients. Conclusions: These findings contribute to the understanding of biomarker variability in AWS patients with and without DT and support the heterogeneity of patients by the level of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark M. Melamud
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (M.M.M.); (V.N.B.); (G.A.N.)
| | - Daria V. Bobrik
- Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia; (D.V.B.); (E.A.A.); (A.R.A.)
| | - Polina I. Brit
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Ilia S. Efremov
- Institute of Personalized Psychiatry and Neurology, Shared Core Facilities, V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Neurology, 192019 Saint Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Valentina N. Buneva
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (M.M.M.); (V.N.B.); (G.A.N.)
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Georgy A. Nevinsky
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (M.M.M.); (V.N.B.); (G.A.N.)
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Elvina A. Akhmetova
- Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia; (D.V.B.); (E.A.A.); (A.R.A.)
- Institute of Personalized Psychiatry and Neurology, Shared Core Facilities, V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Neurology, 192019 Saint Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Azat R. Asadullin
- Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia; (D.V.B.); (E.A.A.); (A.R.A.)
- Institute of Personalized Psychiatry and Neurology, Shared Core Facilities, V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Neurology, 192019 Saint Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Evgeny A. Ermakov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (M.M.M.); (V.N.B.); (G.A.N.)
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
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Huang MC, Tu HY, Chung RH, Kuo HW, Liu TH, Chen CH, Mochly-Rosen D, Liu YL. Changes of neurofilament light chain in patients with alcohol dependence following withdrawal and the genetic effect from ALDH2 Polymorphism. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2024; 274:423-432. [PMID: 37314537 PMCID: PMC10719424 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-023-01635-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Neurofilament light chain (NFL), as a measure of neuroaxonal injury, has recently gained attention in alcohol dependence (AD). Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) is the major enzyme which metabolizes the alcohol breakdown product acetaldehyde. An ALDH2 single nucleotide polymorphism (rs671) is associated with less ALDH2 enzyme activity and increased neurotoxicity. We examined the blood NFL levels in 147 patients with AD and 114 healthy controls using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and genotyped rs671. We also followed NFL level, alcohol craving and psychological symptoms in patients with AD after 1 and 2 weeks of detoxification. We found the baseline NFL level was significantly higher in patients with AD than in controls (mean ± SD: 264.2 ± 261.8 vs. 72.1 ± 35.6 pg/mL, p < 0.001). The receiver operating characteristic curve revealed that NFL concentration could discriminate patients with AD from controls (area under the curve: 0.85; p < 0.001). The NFL levels were significantly reduced following 1 and 2 weeks of detoxification, with the extent of reduction correlated with the improvement of craving, depression, and anxiety (p < 0.001). Carriers with the rs671 GA genotype, which is associated with less ALDH2 activity, had higher NLF levels either at baseline or after detoxification compared with GG carriers. In conclusion, plasma NFL level was increased in patients with AD and reduced after early abstinence. Reduction in NFL level corroborated well with the improvement of clinical symptoms. The ALDH2 rs671 polymorphism may play a role in modulating the extent of neuroaxonal injury and its recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Chyi Huang
- Department of Addiction Sciences, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Psychiatric Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Yuan Tu
- Department of Addiction Sciences, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ren-Hua Chung
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Wei Kuo
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Hsia Liu
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Che-Hong Chen
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Daria Mochly-Rosen
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yu-Li Liu
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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3
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Martins BS, Fogelman N, Tate M, Hermes GH, Sinha R. Effects of prazosin treatment on liver enzymes are moderated by alcohol withdrawal symptoms in individuals with alcohol use disorder. ALCOHOL, CLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 48:507-515. [PMID: 38258493 PMCID: PMC10939766 DOI: 10.1111/acer.15263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is associated with significant liver pathology marked by elevated liver enzymes. Prazosin, an alpha1-noradrenergic antagonist significantly improves alcohol drinking outcomes in individuals with alcohol withdrawal symptoms (AW), but effects on liver enzymes are unknown. We assessed the effects of prazosin treatment on the liver enzymes alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) in individuals with AUD. METHODS Participants (N=100) with AUD were enrolled in a 12-week randomized controlled trial and received either placebo or 16 mg/day of prazosin. Whole blood was drawn from 92 participants to measure liver enzyme levels every 4 weeks, and severity of AW was assessed weekly. Analysis predicting liver function outcomes used linear mixed effects models. RESULTS Controlling for alcohol consumption, a significant AW × treatment effect was seen for ALT (p < 0.05), AST (p < 0.05) and GGT (p < 0.01). Additionally, AST (b = 0.2, p < 0.01), ALT (b = 0.2, p < 0.05), and GGT (b = 0.3, p < 0.01) were elevated in individuals with higher AW in the placebo but not in the prazosin group (AST: p > 0.66; ALT: p > 0.65). Only in the prazosin group were lower GGT levels associated with higher withdrawal severity (b = -0.16, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS We found an interaction of alcohol withdrawal symptoms and prazosin treatment on liver enzyme levels, which were not influenced by week in the trial or the amount of alcohol consumed. Together, these findings suggest that prazosin treatment reduces liver enzymes over the course of AUD treatment among individuals with significant AW, though replication to establish clinical utility is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradford S. Martins
- Yale Stress Center, Yale University, 2 Church St. South Suite 209, New Haven, CT, 06519. USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 George Street, Suite 901, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Nia Fogelman
- Yale Stress Center, Yale University, 2 Church St. South Suite 209, New Haven, CT, 06519. USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 George Street, Suite 901, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Marshall Tate
- Yale Stress Center, Yale University, 2 Church St. South Suite 209, New Haven, CT, 06519. USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 George Street, Suite 901, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Gretchen H. Hermes
- Yale Stress Center, Yale University, 2 Church St. South Suite 209, New Haven, CT, 06519. USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 George Street, Suite 901, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Rajita Sinha
- Yale Stress Center, Yale University, 2 Church St. South Suite 209, New Haven, CT, 06519. USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 George Street, Suite 901, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
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Peregud DI, Korolkov AI, Baronets VY, Lobacheva AS, Arkus ML, Igumnov SA, Pirozhkov SV, Terebilina NN. Contents of BDNF, miR-30a-5p AND miR-122 during Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW), SUPPLEMENT SERIES B: BIOMEDICAL CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990750822040060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Peregud DI, Korolkov AI, Baronets VY, Lobacheva AS, Arkus ML, Igumnov SA, Pirozhkov SV, Terebilina NN. [Contents of BDNF, miR-30a-5p and miR-122 during alcohol withdrawal syndrome]. BIOMEDITSINSKAIA KHIMIIA 2022; 68:218-227. [PMID: 35717586 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20226803218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Some BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor)-targeted microRNAs such as miR-30a-5p associate with alcohol dependence phenomenon however their relationship with AWS is not described. We aimed to measure serum BDNF concentration and relative content of miR-30a-5p over the course of alcohol abstinence and compare obtained results with clinics of AWS. Additionally, we studied relative serum content of miR-30a-5p, a microRNA which does not target BDNF but relates to alcohol use disorder. Serum BDNF concentration increased over the course of alcohol abstinence, contrary relative content of miR-122 but not miR-30a-5p decreased. Moreover, during AWS miR-122 but miR-30a-5p negatively correlated with serum BDNF concentrations. Relative content of miR-122 negatively correlated with depression and state anxiety levels on 8th day of abstinence. According to multiple regressions on 21st day of abstinence alcohol craving and cognitive disturbances may be predictors of serum BDNF concentration, and vice versa. Thus, serum BDNF concentration and relative content of miR-122 associate with some aspects of AWS clinics and may dynamically reflect AWS severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- D I Peregud
- Serbsky National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Drug Addiction, Moscow, Russia
| | - A I Korolkov
- Serbsky National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Drug Addiction, Moscow, Russia
| | - V Y Baronets
- Serbsky National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Drug Addiction, Moscow, Russia
| | - A S Lobacheva
- Serbsky National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Drug Addiction, Moscow, Russia
| | - M L Arkus
- Serbsky National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Drug Addiction, Moscow, Russia
| | - S A Igumnov
- Serbsky National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Drug Addiction, Moscow, Russia
| | - S V Pirozhkov
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - N N Terebilina
- Serbsky National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Drug Addiction, Moscow, Russia
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Huang MC, Chung RH, Lin PH, Kuo HW, Liu TH, Chen YY, Chen ACH, Liu YL. Increase in plasma CCL11 (Eotaxin-1) in patients with alcohol dependence and changes during detoxification. Brain Behav Immun 2022; 99:83-90. [PMID: 34571176 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol is known to modulate the immune system. Neuroinflammatory cytokine dysregulation plays an essential role in the pathophysiology of alcohol dependence (AD). Preclinical studies have indicated that alcohol consumption upregulates the pro-inflammatory cytokine CC motif ligand 11 (CCL11, also known as eotaxin-1). We examined CCL11 levels in patients with AD and in mice administered alcohol. METHODS The plasma CCL11 levels of 151 patients with AD and 116 healthy controls were measured. In addition, we followed the CCL11 levels, alcohol cravings and psychological symptoms in patients with AD after 1 and 2 weeks of detoxification. Furthermore, we examined CCL11 changes in mice administered alcohol for 5 days. RESULTS CCL11 levels were higher in patients with AD than in controls and declined during detoxification. CCL11 levels were positively correlated with AD severity (p < 0.001). Furthermore, mice exposed to alcohol exhibited a higher CCL11 level. The receiver operating characteristic curve revealed that a CCL11 level of 72.5 pg/mL could significantly differentiate patients with AD from controls (area under the curve: 0.77; p < 0.001). Reductions in CCL11 levels during detoxification were correlated with reductions in alcohol craving, depression, and anxiety. CONCLUSIONS Our data from humans and mice suggest that chronic alcohol consumption is associated with an increase in CCL11 levels. CCL11 levels are correlated with AD severity and may be a potential indicator of AD. The CCL11 reduction after alcohol discontinuation is associated with alleviation of clinical symptoms. Collectively, our findings suggest that CCL11 is involved in the neurobiological mechanisms underlying AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Chyi Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Psychiatric Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Ren-Hua Chung
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Hsuan Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Wei Kuo
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Hsia Liu
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Yun Chen
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Andrew C H Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, the Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA; The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/ Northwell, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Yu-Li Liu
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli County, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Uniyal A, Tiwari V, Gadepalli A, Ummadisetty O, Tiwari V. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate improves chronic alcohol-induced cognitive dysfunction in rats by interfering with neuro-inflammatory, cell death and oxido-nitrosative cascade. Metab Brain Dis 2021; 36:2141-2153. [PMID: 34386880 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-021-00794-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol consumption for a longer period of time is linked with neuronal damage and an increase in inflammatory signaling resulting in cell death and dementia. Natural compounds are the focus of research due to their high efficacy and good safety profile. Here we have investigated the effect of chronic epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) administration against the alcohol-induced cognitive deficit rats. Male Wistar rats were exposed to the 12% ethanol (10 g/kg; oral gavage) for ten weeks and treated with EGCG (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) for the same duration. Ethanol exposure led to the impaired spatial memory and learning in rats assessed using the Morris water maze and elevated plus-maze test. Further, we assessed the role of EGCG in mitigating the oxidative stress, neuroinflammatory and cell death signaling associated markers. Co-administration with EGCG significantly prevented all the behavioral, biochemical and molecular alterations in the different brain regions of ethanol-treated rats in a dose-dependent manner. EGCG suppressed the acetylcholinesterase activity, increased oxidative-nitrosative stress, cytokines (TNF-alpha and IL-1beta), NF-kappa β and caspase-3 levels in both the cortex and hippocampus of ethanol-treated rats. Our preliminary study demonstrated that EGCG improves the oxido-nitrosative stress, inflammation, and cell death signaling associated with ethanol-induced cognitive dysfunction. This suggests the potential role of EGCG in mitigating the cognitive deficits associated with chronic alcohol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Uniyal
- Neuroscience and Pain Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, UP, 221005, India
| | - Vineeta Tiwari
- Neuroscience and Pain Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, UP, 221005, India
| | - Anagha Gadepalli
- Neuroscience and Pain Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, UP, 221005, India
| | - Obulapathi Ummadisetty
- Neuroscience and Pain Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, UP, 221005, India
| | - Vinod Tiwari
- Neuroscience and Pain Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, UP, 221005, India.
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Lanquetin A, Leclercq S, de Timary P, Segobin S, Naveau M, Coulbault L, Maccioni P, Lorrai I, Colombo G, Vivien D, Rubio M, Pitel AL. Role of inflammation in alcohol-related brain abnormalities: a translational study. Brain Commun 2021; 3:fcab154. [PMID: 34396111 PMCID: PMC8361421 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcab154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain abnormalities observed in alcohol use disorder are highly heterogeneous in nature and severity, possibly because chronic alcohol consumption also affects peripheral organs leading to comorbidities that can result in exacerbated brain alterations. Despite numerous studies focussing on the effects of alcohol on the brain or liver, few studies have simultaneously examined liver function and brain damage in alcohol use disorder, and even fewer investigated the relationship between them except in hepatic encephalopathy. And yet, liver dysfunction may be a risk factor for the development of alcohol-related neuropsychological deficits and brain damage well before the development of liver cirrhosis, and potentially through inflammatory responses. The use of animal models enables a better understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying liver–brain relationships in alcohol use disorder, and more particularly of the inflammatory response at the tissue, cerebral and hepatic levels. The objective of this translational study was to investigate, both in alcohol use disorder patients and in a validated animal model of alcohol use disorder, the links between peripheral inflammation, liver damage and brain alterations. To do this, we conducted an in vivo neuroimaging examination and biological measures to evaluate brain volumes, liver fibrosis and peripheral cytokines in alcohol use disorder patients. In selectively bred Sardinian alcohol-preferring rats, we carried out ex vivo neuroimaging examination and immunohistochemistry to evaluate brain and liver inflammatory responses after chronic (50 consecutive weeks) alcohol drinking. In recently abstinent and non-cirrhotic alcohol use disorder patients, the score of liver fibrosis positively correlated with subcortical regions volumes (especially in right and left putamen) and level of circulating proinflammatory cytokines. In Sardinian alcohol-preferring rats, we found macrostructural brain damage and microstructural white matter abnormalities similar to those found in alcohol use disorder patients. In addition, in agreement with the results of peripheral inflammation observed in the patients, we revealed, in Sardinian alcohol-preferring rats, inflammatory responses in the brain and liver were caused by chronic alcohol consumption. Since the liver is the main source of cytokines in the human body, these results suggest a relationship between liver dysfunction and brain damage in alcohol use disorder patients, even in the absence of major liver disease. These findings encourage considering new therapeutic strategies aiming at treating peripheral organs to limit alcohol-related brain damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Lanquetin
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders", Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Sophie Leclercq
- Institute of Neuroscience and Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Philippe de Timary
- Institute of Neuroscience and Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Shailendra Segobin
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Université Paris, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Mikaël Naveau
- Normandie Univ UNICAEN, CNRS, UMS 3408, GIP Cyceron, Caen, France
| | - Laurent Coulbault
- Caen University Hospital, Biochemistry Department, Normandie University, UNICAEN, EA 4650, Caen, France
| | - Paola Maccioni
- Neuroscience Institute, Section of Cagliari, National Research Council of Italy, 09042 Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - Irene Lorrai
- Neuroscience Institute, Section of Cagliari, National Research Council of Italy, 09042 Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Colombo
- Neuroscience Institute, Section of Cagliari, National Research Council of Italy, 09042 Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - Denis Vivien
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders", Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, 14000 Caen, France.,Department of Clinical Research, CHU Côte de Nacre, Caen 14000, France
| | - Marina Rubio
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders", Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Anne-Lise Pitel
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Université Paris, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, 14000 Caen, France.,Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris 75231, France
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9
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Dos Reis Izolan L, da Silva DM, Oliveira HBL, de Oliveira Salomon JL, Peruzzi CP, Garcia SC, Dallegrave E, Zanotto C, Elisabetsky E, Gonçalves CA, Arbo MD, Konrath EL, Leal MB. Sintocalmy, a Passiflora incarnata Based Herbal, Attenuates Morphine Withdrawal in Mice. Neurochem Res 2021; 46:1092-1100. [PMID: 33544325 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03237-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Chronic opioid use changes brain chemistry in areas related to reward processes, memory, decision-making, and addiction. Both neurons and astrocytes are affected, ultimately leading to dependence. Passiflora incarnata L. (Passifloraceae) is the basis of frequently used herbals to manage anxiety and insomnia, with proven central nervous system depressant effects. Anti-addiction properties of P. incarnata have been reported. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a commercial extract of Passiflora incarnata (Sintocalmy®, Aché Laboratory) in the naloxone-induced jumping mice model of morphine withdrawal. In addition, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B) levels were assessed in the frontal cortex and hippocampus, and DNA damage was verified on blood cells. In order to improve solubilization a Sintocalmy methanol extract (SME) was used. SME is mainly composed by flavonoids isovitexin and vitexin. The effects of SME 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg (i.p.) were evaluated in the naloxone-induced withdrawal syndrome in mice. SME 50 and SME 100 mg/kg decreased naloxone-induced jumping in morphine-dependent mice without reducing locomotor activity. No alterations were found in GFAP levels, however SME 50 mg/kg prevented the S100B increase in the frontal cortex and DNA damage. This study shows anti-addiction effects for a commercial standardized extract of P. incarnata and suggests the relevance of proper clinical assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Dos Reis Izolan
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas - Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Douglas Marques da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas - Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.,Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia de Produtos Naturais, Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Helena Beatriz Larrosa Oliveira
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia de Produtos Naturais, Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Janaína Lucas de Oliveira Salomon
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia de Produtos Naturais, Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Caroline Portela Peruzzi
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Solange C Garcia
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Eliane Dallegrave
- Departamento de Farmacociências, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Caroline Zanotto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas - Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-anexo, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Elaine Elisabetsky
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas - Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-anexo, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alberto Gonçalves
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas - Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600-anexo, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Dutra Arbo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Luis Konrath
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Mirna Bainy Leal
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas - Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. .,Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia de Produtos Naturais, Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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10
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Carrier P, Girard M, Debette-Gratien M, Ouedraogo N, Loustaud-Ratti V, Nubukpo P. Liver elastometry and alcohol withdrawal: Median-term follow-up in a psychiatric unit. Alcohol 2020; 89:49-56. [PMID: 32711035 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2020.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The measurement of liver stiffness (LS) shows promise as a follow-up tool after alcohol withdrawal, but it has mainly been studied in the early phase or in patients with severe liver disease. A 6-month ancillary study of a specific psychiatric cohort of alcoholic patients without known liver disease followed after withdrawal was conducted (Clinical Trial NCT01491347). Clinical and biological data and LS values were collected every 2 months. A total of 129 patients were included in the study; 93 had an LS assessment within the first 7 days, and 37 had all four LS measurements. Only seven (7.5%) patients had an initial LS > 12.1 kPa, the threshold used to define severe fibrosis. Abstinence was not associated with changes in LS at the various median-term follow-up periods. However, LS of abstinent subjects decreased significantly relative to that of non-abstinent subjects between M0 and M2. CAP™ values were not associated with abstinence. The systematic median-term follow-up of withdrawn patients does not appear to be contributory. However, LS could help to detect relapse in the first 2 months after withdrawal for subjects treated in a psychiatric hospital for dependence. It thus could serve as a motivation tool. Prospective studies with various and higher baseline LS values are warranted for simultaneous longitudinal assessment, including for very short- and long-term LS after withdrawal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Carrier
- Fédération d'Hépatologie, Service d'Hépato-gastroentérologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dupuytren, Avenue Martin Luther King, Limoges, 87025, France; INSERM Unité S-1248 Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Rue Docteur Marcland, Limoges, 87025, France; Pôle Universitaire d'Addictologie, Centre Hospitalier Esquirol, Rue du Docteur Marcland, Limoges, 87025, France
| | - Murielle Girard
- Unité de Recherche et de Neurostimulation, Centre Hospitalier Esquirol, Rue du Docteur Marcland, Limoges, 87025, France; INSERM UMR 1094/NET Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Rue Docteur Marcland, Limoges, France.
| | - Marilyne Debette-Gratien
- Fédération d'Hépatologie, Service d'Hépato-gastroentérologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dupuytren, Avenue Martin Luther King, Limoges, 87025, France; INSERM Unité S-1248 Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Rue Docteur Marcland, Limoges, 87025, France; Pôle Universitaire d'Addictologie, Centre Hospitalier Esquirol, Rue du Docteur Marcland, Limoges, 87025, France
| | - Natacha Ouedraogo
- Pôle Universitaire d'Addictologie, Centre Hospitalier Esquirol, Rue du Docteur Marcland, Limoges, 87025, France
| | - Véronique Loustaud-Ratti
- Fédération d'Hépatologie, Service d'Hépato-gastroentérologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Dupuytren, Avenue Martin Luther King, Limoges, 87025, France; INSERM Unité S-1248 Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Rue Docteur Marcland, Limoges, 87025, France
| | - Philippe Nubukpo
- Pôle Universitaire d'Addictologie, Centre Hospitalier Esquirol, Rue du Docteur Marcland, Limoges, 87025, France; Unité de Recherche et de Neurostimulation, Centre Hospitalier Esquirol, Rue du Docteur Marcland, Limoges, 87025, France; INSERM UMR 1094/NET Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Rue Docteur Marcland, Limoges, France
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11
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Adams C, Conigrave JH, Lewohl J, Haber P, Morley KC. Alcohol use disorder and circulating cytokines: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 89:501-512. [PMID: 32805393 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
There has been emerging interest in the role of the immune system in the pathophysiology of alcohol use disorder (AUD) given alcohol consumption stimulates immune cells to secrete peripheral pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine whether an abnormal inflammatory cytokine profile exists in AUD patients compared to controls and whether cytokine levels were correlated with behavioural and psychiatric variables. Using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-analyses) guidelines, a comprehensive search of electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science Core Collection and the Cochrane Library) was conducted, for AUD-related terms in combination with cytokine-related terms. Patients had to meet established criteria for AUD and be compared with healthy controls. A critical appraisal was completed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Twenty-four papers met the inclusionary criteria with 46 serum or plasma cytokines measured without immune stimulation whereby 17 studies had sufficient data for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Collectively, AUD patients had greater cytokine concentrations than control patients g = 0.85 [ 95% CI 0.42, 1.29]. Differences in cytokine concentrations between AUD patients and controls varied within-study by stage of illness (R(2)2 = 19.56%). The greatest differences were reported when AUD patients were engaging in active drinking g = 0.96 [0.49, 1.43] or were in alcohol withdrawal g = 1.25 [0.71, 1.80]. Baseline findings were moderated within and between studies by cytokine identity R(2)2 = 51.10%; R(3)2 = 44.89%. Cytokine concentrations were not significantly correlated with self-reported craving for alcohol, but were with alcohol consumption r = 0.22 [-0.05, 0.46]. The relationship between cytokine concentration and consumption was moderated by cytokine identity (R(2)2 = 100.00%; R(3)2 = 100.00%), and sample age (R(2)2 = 0.00%; R(3)2 = 95.76%). There is sufficient evidence to support the presence of an abnormal circulating cytokine profile in AUD which may vary with respect to the different stages of AUD illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Adams
- University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Central Clinical School, Discipline of Addiction Medicine, New South Wales, Australia
| | - James H Conigrave
- University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Central Clinical School, Discipline of Addiction Medicine, Centre of Research Excellence in Indigenous Health and Alcohol, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Joanne Lewohl
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Paul Haber
- University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Central Clinical School, Discipline of Addiction Medicine, New South Wales, Australia; Drug Health Services, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, NSW, Australia
| | - Kirsten C Morley
- University of Sydney, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Central Clinical School, Discipline of Addiction Medicine, New South Wales, Australia.
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12
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Erickson EK, Grantham EK, Warden AS, Harris RA. Neuroimmune signaling in alcohol use disorder. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2018; 177:34-60. [PMID: 30590091 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a widespread disease with limited treatment options. Targeting the neuroimmune system is a new avenue for developing or repurposing effective pharmacotherapies. Alcohol modulates innate immune signaling in different cell types in the brain by altering gene expression and the molecular pathways that regulate neuroinflammation. Chronic alcohol abuse may cause an imbalance in neuroimmune function, resulting in prolonged perturbations in brain function. Likewise, manipulating the neuroimmune system may change alcohol-related behaviors. Psychiatric disorders that are comorbid with AUD, such as post-traumatic stress disorder, major depressive disorder, and other substance use disorders, may also have underlying neuroimmune mechanisms; current evidence suggests that convergent immune pathways may be involved in AUD and in these comorbid disorders. In this review, we provide an overview of major neuroimmune cell-types and pathways involved in mediating alcohol behaviors, discuss potential mechanisms of alcohol-induced neuroimmune activation, and present recent clinical evidence for candidate immune-related drugs to treat AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma K Erickson
- Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712-01095, USA.
| | - Emily K Grantham
- Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712-01095, USA
| | - Anna S Warden
- Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712-01095, USA
| | - R A Harris
- Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712-01095, USA
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13
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Loftis JM, Valerio J, Taylor J, Huang E, Hudson R, Taylor-Young P, Chang M, Ho SB, Dieperink E, Miranda JL, Hauser P. S100B and Inflammatory Cytokine Levels in Blood as Potential Markers of Blood-Brain Barrier Damage and Psychiatric Impairment in Comorbid Hepatitis C Viral Infection and Alcohol Use Disorder. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2018; 42:10.1111/acer.13796. [PMID: 29953169 PMCID: PMC6310679 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and alcohol use disorder (AUD) both adversely affect the immune system resulting in alterations in immune cell signaling and inflammatory processes. The aim of this study was to investigate how comorbid AUD contributes to abnormalities in inflammatory mediators and psychiatric impairments in adults with HCV. METHODS Alcohol use, mood, and inflammatory factors were evaluated at 3 time points (baseline, week 4, and week 12) in Veterans with HCV, with (n = 42) and without (n = 13) comorbid AUD. Peripheral indices of immune activation, blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage (S100 calcium-binding protein B [S100B]), liver function, and viral load were measured using immunoassays and polymerase chain reaction assays. RESULTS Comorbid AUD was associated with increased symptoms of depression and anxiety, elevated levels of liver enzymes, and altered expression of inflammatory factors. Alcohol consumption was positively correlated with the severity of psychiatric symptoms. Univariate analysis identified significant group differences in interleukin (IL)-8 (p = 0.006), IL-10 (p = 0.03), and S100B (p = 0.048), with increased levels in participants with AUD, which persisted over time despite reductions in alcohol use and no significant change in HCV viral load. Statistically significant effects of study group or time were not found for the other immune factors assessed. Exploratory receiver operating characteristic curve analysis evaluated the ability of IL-8, IL-10, and S100B to differentiate between levels of alcohol consumption and generated biomarker cutoff values used to identify low risk and unhealthy alcohol use groups. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that HCV and comorbid AUD are associated with greater psychiatric impairments, potentially resulting from increased inflammation, dysregulated cytokine expression, and compromised BBB function. Alcohol-induced BBB damage may increase the risk of neuropathological consequences within the context of chronic HCV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M. Loftis
- Research & Development Service, VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Juno Valerio
- Research & Development Service, VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Jonathan Taylor
- Research & Development Service, VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Elaine Huang
- Research & Development Service, VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Rebekah Hudson
- Research & Development Service, VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Patricia Taylor-Young
- Nursing Research Department, VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, USA
- School of Nursing, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Michael Chang
- Gastroenterology, VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, USA
- Internal Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Samuel B. Ho
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Eric Dieperink
- Minneapolis VA Healthcare System, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Juan Luis Miranda
- VA Long Beach Health Care System, 5901 E 7th St, Long Beach, CA, USA
| | - Peter Hauser
- VA Long Beach Health Care System, 5901 E 7th St, Long Beach, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California-Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
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