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Virgo M, Mostowy S, Ho BT. Use of zebrafish to identify host responses specific to type VI secretion system mediated interbacterial antagonism. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1012384. [PMID: 39024393 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Interbacterial competition is known to shape the microbial communities found in the host, however the interplay between this competition and host defense are less clear. Here, we use the zebrafish hindbrain ventricle (HBV) as an in vivo platform to investigate host responses to defined bacterial communities with distinct forms of interbacterial competition. We found that antibacterial activity of the type VI secretion system (T6SS) from both Vibrio cholerae and Acinetobacter baylyi can induce host inflammation and sensitize the host to infection independent of any individual effector. Chemical suppression of inflammation could resolve T6SS-dependent differences in host survival, but the mechanism by which this occurred differed between the two bacterial species. By contrast, colicin-mediated antagonism elicited by an avirulent strain of Shigella sonnei induced a negligible host response despite being a more potent bacterial killer, resulting in no impact on A. baylyi or V. cholerae virulence. Altogether, these results provide insight into how different modes of interbacterial competition in vivo affect the host in distinct ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mollie Virgo
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Birkbeck College, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, United Kingdom
| | - Serge Mostowy
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, United Kingdom
| | - Brian T Ho
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Birkbeck College, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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2
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Du Y, He C, An Y, Huang Y, Zhang H, Fu W, Wang M, Shan Z, Xie J, Yang Y, Zhao B. The Role of Short Chain Fatty Acids in Inflammation and Body Health. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7379. [PMID: 39000498 PMCID: PMC11242198 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), mainly including acetate, propionate and butyrate, are produced by intestinal bacteria during the fermentation of partially digested and indigestible polysaccharides. SCFAs play an important role in regulating intestinal energy metabolism and maintaining the homeostasis of the intestinal environment and also play an important regulatory role in organs and tissues outside the gut. In recent years, many studies have shown that SCFAs can regulate inflammation and affect host health, and two main signaling mechanisms have also been identified: the activation of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) and inhibition of histone deacetylase (HDAC). In addition, a growing body of evidence highlights the importance of every SCFA in influencing health maintenance and disease development. In this review, we summarized the recent advances concerning the biological properties of SCFAs and their signaling pathways in inflammation and body health. Hopefully, it can provide a systematic theoretical basis for the nutritional prevention and treatment of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Du
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Changhao He
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yongcheng An
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yan Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Huilin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Wanxin Fu
- College of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Menglu Wang
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Ziyi Shan
- College of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Jiamei Xie
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Baosheng Zhao
- Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
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Xie Q, Li Q, Fang H, Zhang R, Tang H, Chen L. Gut-Derived Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Macrophage Modulation: Exploring Therapeutic Potentials in Pulmonary Fungal Infections. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2024:10.1007/s12016-024-08999-z. [PMID: 38965168 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-024-08999-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), such as acetate, propionate, and butyrate, modulate immune cell functions, particularly macrophages. This review explores the potential therapeutic applications of SCFAs in pulmonary fungal infections, a critical concern due to their high mortality rates and antifungal resistance. SCFAs enhance macrophage functions by promoting phagosome-lysosome fusion, increasing reactive oxygen species production, and balancing cytokine responses. Pulmonary fungal infections, caused by pathogens like Aspergillus fumigatus, are prevalent in immunocompromised patients, including those with diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and those on high-dose corticosteroids. SCFAs have shown promise in improving macrophage function in these contexts. However, the application of SCFAs must be balanced against potential side effects, including gut microbiota disruption and metabolic disorders. Further research is needed to optimize SCFA therapy for managing pulmonary fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xie
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, West 2nd Section, 1st Ring Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Qinhui Li
- Medical Services Department, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, West 2nd Section, 1st Ring Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Hong Fang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, West 2nd Section, 1st Ring Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, West 2nd Section, 1st Ring Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Huan Tang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, West 2nd Section, 1st Ring Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 32, West 2nd Section, 1st Ring Road, Qingyang District, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan Province, China.
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4
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Zhang Y, Zhao X, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Wei Y. Advancements in the impact of human microbiota and probiotics on leukemia. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1423838. [PMID: 39021626 PMCID: PMC11251910 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1423838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The human gut microbiota is a complex ecosystem that plays a crucial role in promoting the interaction between the body and its environment. It has been increasingly recognized that the gut microbiota has diverse physiological functions. Recent studies have shown a close association between the gut microbiota and the development of certain tumors, including leukemia. Leukemia is a malignant clonal disease characterized by the uncontrolled growth of one or more types of blood cells, which is the most common cancer in children. The imbalance of gut microbiota is linked to the pathological mechanisms of leukemia. Probiotics, which are beneficial microorganisms that help maintain the balance of the host microbiome, play a role in regulating gut microbiota. Probiotics have the potential to assist in the treatment of leukemia and improve the clinical prognosis of leukemia patients. This study reviews the relationship between gut microbiota, probiotics, and the progression of leukemia based on current research. In addition, utilizing zebrafish leukemia models in future studies might reveal the specific mechanisms of their interactions, thereby providing new insights into the clinical treatment of leukemia. In conclusion, further investigation is still needed to fully understand the accurate role of microbes in leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yaodong Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Children's Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children’s Hospital Zhengzhou Children’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yongjun Wei
- Henan Key Laboratory of Children's Genetics and Metabolic Diseases, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children’s Hospital Zhengzhou Children’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Gao Y, Yang L, Yao Q, Wang J, Zheng N. Butyrate improves recovery from experimental necrotizing enterocolitis by metabolite hesperetin through potential inhibition the PI3K-Akt pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116876. [PMID: 38850657 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is one of the most common and serious intestinal illnesses in newborns and seriously affects their long-term prognosis and survival. Butyrate is a short-chain fatty acid that can relieve intestinal inflammation, but its mechanism of action is unclear. Results from an in vivo neonatal rat model has shown that butyrate caused an improved recovery from NEC. These protective effects were associated with the metabolite of hesperetin, as determined by metabolomics and molecular biological analysis. Furthermore, transcriptomics combined with inhibitor assays were used to investigate the mechanism of action of hesperetin in an in vitro NEC model (IEC-6 cells exposed to LPS) to further investigate the mechanism by which butyrate attenuates NEC. The transcriptomics analysis showed that the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway was involved in the anti-NEC effect of hesperitin. Subsequently, the results using an inhibitor of PI3K (LY294002) indicated that the suppression could be explained by the hesperetin-induced expression of tight junction (TJ) proteins by potentially blocking the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. In summary, the present study demonstrated that butyrate could improve recovery from NEC with a hesperetin metabolite, causing potential inhibition of the phosphorylation of the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, resulting in the increased expression of TJ proteins. These findings reveal a potential new therapeutic pathway for the treatment of NEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Liting Yang
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong 266109, China
| | - Qianqian Yao
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Nan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
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Wang P, Wang S, Wang D, Li Y, Yip RCS, Chen H. Postbiotics-peptidoglycan, lipoteichoic acid, exopolysaccharides, surface layer protein and pili proteins-Structure, activity in wounds and their delivery systems. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 274:133195. [PMID: 38885869 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Chronic wound healing is a pressing global public health concern. Abuse and drug resistance of antibiotics are the key problems in the treatment of chronic wounds at present. Postbiotics are a novel promising strategy. Previous studies have reported that postbiotics have a wide range of biological activities including antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory abilities. However, several aspects related to these postbiotic activities remain unexplored or poorly known. Therefore, this work aims to outline general aspects and emerging trends in the use of postbiotics for wound healing, such as the production, characterization, biological activities and delivery strategies of postbiotics. In this review, a comprehensive overview of the physiological activities and structures of postbiotic biomolecules that contribute to wound healing is provided, such as peptidoglycan, lipoteichoic acid, bacteriocins, exopolysaccharides, surface layer proteins, pili proteins, and secretory proteins (p40 and p75 proteins). Considering the presence of readily degradable components in postbiotics, potential natural polymer delivery materials and delivery systems are emphasized, followed by the potential applications and commercialization prospects of postbiotics. These findings suggest that the treatment of chronic wounds with postbiotic ingredients will help provide new insights into wound healing and better guidance for the development of postbiotic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Wang
- Marine College, Shandong University, No. 180 Wen Hua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, China.
| | - Shuxin Wang
- Marine College, Shandong University, No. 180 Wen Hua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, China.
| | - Donghui Wang
- Marine College, Shandong University, No. 180 Wen Hua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Stocking Hall, 411 Tower Road, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
| | - Ryan Chak Sang Yip
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Harbord St, Toronto, ON M5S 3G5, Canada.
| | - Hao Chen
- Marine College, Shandong University, No. 180 Wen Hua West Road, Gao Strict, Weihai 264209, China.
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Sree Kumar H, Wisner AS, Schiefer IT, Alviter Plata A, Zubcevic J. Chronotropic and vasoactive properties of the gut bacterial short-chain fatty acids in larval zebrafish. Physiol Genomics 2024; 56:426-435. [PMID: 38557279 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00013.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) produced by the gut bacteria have been associated with cardiovascular dysfunction in humans and rodents. However, studies exploring effects of SCFAs on cardiovascular parameters in the zebrafish, an increasingly popular model in cardiovascular research, remain limited. Here, we performed fecal bacterial 16S sequencing and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to determine the composition and abundance of gut microbiota and SCFAs in adult zebrafish. Following this, the acute effects of major SCFAs on heart rate and vascular tone were measured in anesthetized zebrafish larvae using fecal concentrations of butyrate, acetate, and propionate. Finally, we investigated if coincubation with butyrate may lessen the effects of angiotensin II (ANG II) and phenylephrine (PE) on vascular tone in anesthetized zebrafish larvae. We found that the abundance in Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Fusobacteria phyla in the adult zebrafish resembled those reported in rodents and humans. SCFA levels with highest concentration of acetate (27.43 µM), followed by butyrate (2.19 µM) and propionate (1.65 µM) were observed in the fecal samples of adult zebrafish. Immersion in butyrate and acetate produced a ∼20% decrease in heart rate (HR), respectively, with no observed effects of propionate. Butyrate alone also produced an ∼25% decrease in the cross-sectional width of the dorsal aorta (DA) at 60 min (*P < 0.05), suggesting compensatory vasoconstriction, with no effects of either acetate or propionate. In addition, butyrate significantly alleviated the decrease in DA cross-sectional width produced by both ANG II and PE. We demonstrate the potential for zebrafish in investigation of host-microbiota interactions in cardiovascular health.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We highlight the presence of a core gut microbiota and demonstrate in vivo short-chain fatty acid production in adult zebrafish. In addition, we show cardio-beneficial vasoactive and chronotropic properties of butyrate, and chronotropic properties of acetate in anesthetized zebrafish larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemaa Sree Kumar
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, United States
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, United States
| | - Alexander S Wisner
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, University of Toledo College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, United States
- Center for Drug Design and Development, University of Toledo College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, United States
| | - Isaac T Schiefer
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, University of Toledo College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, United States
- Center for Drug Design and Development, University of Toledo College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, United States
| | - Adriana Alviter Plata
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, United States
| | - Jasenka Zubcevic
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, Ohio, United States
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Auclert LZ, Chhanda MS, Derome N. Interwoven processes in fish development: microbial community succession and immune maturation. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17051. [PMID: 38560465 PMCID: PMC10981415 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Fishes are hosts for many microorganisms that provide them with beneficial effects on growth, immune system development, nutrition and protection against pathogens. In order to avoid spreading of infectious diseases in aquaculture, prevention includes vaccinations and routine disinfection of eggs and equipment, while curative treatments consist in the administration of antibiotics. Vaccination processes can stress the fish and require substantial farmer's investment. Additionally, disinfection and antibiotics are not specific, and while they may be effective in the short term, they have major drawbacks in the long term. Indeed, they eliminate beneficial bacteria which are useful for the host and promote the raising of antibiotic resistance in beneficial, commensal but also in pathogenic bacterial strains. Numerous publications highlight the importance that plays the diversified microbial community colonizing fish (i.e., microbiota) in the development, health and ultimately survival of their host. This review targets the current knowledge on the bidirectional communication between the microbiota and the fish immune system during fish development. It explores the extent of this mutualistic relationship: on one hand, the effect that microbes exert on the immune system ontogeny of fishes, and on the other hand, the impact of critical steps in immune system development on the microbial recruitment and succession throughout their life. We will first describe the immune system and its ontogeny and gene expression steps in the immune system development of fishes. Secondly, the plurality of the microbiotas (depending on host organism, organ, and development stage) will be reviewed. Then, a description of the constant interactions between microbiota and immune system throughout the fish's life stages will be discussed. Healthy microbiotas allow immune system maturation and modulation of inflammation, both of which contribute to immune homeostasis. Thus, immune equilibrium is closely linked to microbiota stability and to the stages of microbial community succession during the host development. We will provide examples from several fish species and describe more extensively the mechanisms occurring in zebrafish model because immune system ontogeny is much more finely described for this species, thanks to the many existing zebrafish mutants which allow more precise investigations. We will conclude on how the conceptual framework associated to the research on the immune system will benefit from considering the relations between microbiota and immune system maturation. More precisely, the development of active tolerance of the microbiota from the earliest stages of life enables the sustainable establishment of a complex healthy microbial community in the adult host. Establishing a balanced host-microbiota interaction avoids triggering deleterious inflammation, and maintains immunological and microbiological homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Zoé Auclert
- Département de Biologie, Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Mousumi Sarker Chhanda
- Département de Biologie, Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Basherhat, Bangladesh
| | - Nicolas Derome
- Département de Biologie, Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
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Gan Y, Liu J, Jin M, Zhang Y, Huang S, Ma Q, Wu Y, Xu L, Bao J, Fan Y. The Role of the Gut-Joint Axis in the Care of Psoriatic Arthritis: A Two-Sample Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2024; 14:713-728. [PMID: 38451424 PMCID: PMC10965888 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-024-01121-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Observational studies and clinical trials have supported the association between gut microbiota and psoriatic arthritis. However, the causal link between gut microbiota and psoriatic arthritis is still unclear. METHODS A two-sample bi-directional Mendelian randomization analysis was performed using the summary statistics of gut microbiota from the largest available genome-wide association study meta-analysis (n = 13,266) conducted by the MiBioGen consortium. The summary statistics of psoriatic arthritis were extracted directly from the FinnGen consortium, which consists of 3186 psoriatic arthritis patients and 24,086 controls. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the validity of our findings. Enrichment analyses were used to investigate the biofunction and pathways. RESULTS Inverse variance weighted (IVW) estimates suggested that family Rikenellaceae (P = 0.032) and genus Ruminococcaceae UCG011 (P = 0.014) had a detrimental effect on psoriatic arthritis. We also noticed the negative association between the class Methanobacteria (P = 0.032), order Methanobacteriales (P = 0.032), family Methanobacteriaceae (P = 0.032), genus Eubacterium fissicatena group (P = 0.010), genus Methanobrevibacter (P = 0.031), and genus Butyricicoccus (P = 0.041) with psoriatic arthritis. Sensitivity analyses showed that genus Butyricicoccus had pleiotropy and heterogeneity. According to the results of reverse MR analysis, the causal effect of psoriatic arthritis was found on six taxa, respectivelyc family Clostridiaceae1, family Defluviitaleaceae, genus Butyrivibrio, genus Defluviitaleaceae UCG011, genus Clostridium sensu stricto1, and genus Ruminococcaceae UCG011. CONCLUSION This two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis suggested that the gut microbiota had a causal effect on psoriatic arthritis and implied the potential role of probiotics in the management and prevention of psoriatic arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihong Gan
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingqun Liu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meng Jin
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yilin Zhang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuo Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qing Ma
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanzuo Wu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Bao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yongsheng Fan
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
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Raymo G, Ali A, Ahmed RO, Salem M. Early-Life Fecal Transplantation from High Muscle Yield Rainbow Trout to Low Muscle Yield Recipients Accelerates Somatic Growth through Respiratory and Mitochondrial Efficiency Modulation. Microorganisms 2024; 12:261. [PMID: 38399665 PMCID: PMC10893187 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12020261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous studies conducted in our lab revealed microbial assemblages to vary significantly between high (ARS-FY-H) and low fillet yield (ARS-FY-L) genetic lines in adult rainbow trout. We hypothesized that a high ARS-FY-H donor microbiome can accelerate somatic growth in microbiome-depleted rainbow trout larvae of the ARS-FY-L line. Germ-depleted larvae of low ARS-FY-L line trout reared in sterile environments were exposed to high- or low-fillet yield-derived microbiomes starting at first feeding for 27 weeks. Despite weight-normalized diets, somatic mass was significantly increased in larvae receiving high fillet yield microbiome cocktails at 27 weeks post-hatch. RNA-seq from fish tails reveals enrichment in NADH dehydrogenase activity, oxygen carrier, hemoglobin complex, gas transport, and respiratory pathways in high fillet yield recolonized larvae. Transcriptome interrogation suggests a relationship between electron transport chain inputs and body weight assimilation, mediated by the gut microbiome. These findings suggest that microbiome payload originating from high fillet yield adult donors primarily accelerates juvenile somatic mass assimilation through respiratory and mitochondrial input modulation. Further microbiome studies are warranted to assess how increasing beneficial microbial taxa could be a basis for formulating appropriate pre-, pro-, or post-biotics in the form of feed additives and lead to fecal transplantation protocols for accelerated feed conversion and fillet yield in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mohamed Salem
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742-231, USA; (G.R.); (A.A.); (R.O.A.)
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Yan Q, Jia S, Li D, Yang J. The role and mechanism of action of microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids in neutrophils: From the activation to becoming potential biomarkers. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 169:115821. [PMID: 37952355 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), such as acetate, propionate, and butyrate, have emerged as critical mediators in the communication between the human microbiota and its host. As the first responder to the inflammatory site, neutrophils play an important role in protecting the host against bacterial infections. Recent investigations revealed that SCFAs generated from microbiota influence various neutrophil activities, including activation, migration, and generation of mediators of inflammatory processes. SCFAs have also been demonstrated to exhibit potential therapeutic benefits in a variety of disorders related to neutrophil dysfunction, including inflammatory bowel disease, viral infectious disorders, and cancer. This study aims to examine the molecular processes behind the complicated link between SCFAs and neutrophils, as well as their influence on neutrophil-driven inflammatory disorders. In addition, we will also provide an in-depth review of current research on the diagnostic and therapeutic value of SCFAs as possible biomarkers for neutrophil-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingzhu Yan
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Shengnan Jia
- Digestive Diseases Center, Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Medicine, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Dongfu Li
- Digestive Diseases Center, Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Medicine, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China.
| | - Junling Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China.
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12
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Zhou D, Li Y. Gut microbiota and tumor-associated macrophages: potential in tumor diagnosis and treatment. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2276314. [PMID: 37943609 PMCID: PMC10653702 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2276314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Avoiding immune destruction and polymorphic microbiomes are two key hallmarks of cancer. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is essential for the development of solid tumors, and the function of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in the TME is closely linked to tumor prognosis. Therefore, research on TAMs could improve the progression and control of certain tumor patients. Additionally, the intestinal flora plays a crucial role in metabolizing substances and maintaining a symbiotic relationship with the host through a complex network of interactions. Recent experimental and clinical studies have suggested a potential link between gut microbiome and TME, particularly in regulating TAMs. Understanding this association could improve the efficacy of tumor immunotherapy. This review highlights the regulatory role of intestinal flora on TAMs, with a focus on gut microbiota and their metabolites. The implications of this association for tumor diagnosis and treatment are also discussed, providing a promising avenue for future clinical treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongqin Zhou
- The Second Affliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital / The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yongsheng Li
- The Second Affliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital / The Second School of Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
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13
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Tran NT, Liang H, Li J, Deng T, Zhang M, Li S. Health benefits of butyrate and its producing bacterium, Clostridium butyricum, on aquatic animals. FISH AND SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY REPORTS 2023; 4:100088. [PMID: 36910329 PMCID: PMC9995936 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsirep.2023.100088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquaculture plays an important role in contributing to global food security and nutrition; thus, the intensification and diversification of aquaculture are increasingly considered. However, paralleling the development of the industrial scale in aquaculture, the occurrence of diseases is always an important issue that causes great losses in economics. The finding of approaches that not only improve culture production but also reduce the impact of diseases in cultured animals is crucially essential. Previously, several studies have addressed the potential application of feed additives, such as prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, and microbial-derived metabolites (including short-chain fatty acids-SCFAs), in aquaculture. In this review, we provide an update focusing on the health benefits of dietary supplementation with a type of SCFAs, butyrate, and its producer, Clostridium butyricum, including their effects on growth, feed utilization, body composition, intestinal structure and function, antioxidant activity, immune response, and tolerance against stress and infection in aquatic animals. The outcomes of this study may indicate more benefits of the use of C. butyricum than that of butyrate (and its forms). This review provides general knowledge of the efficacy of butyrate and C. butyricum in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc Tuan Tran
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
- Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Huifen Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
- Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Jinkun Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
- Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Taoqiu Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
- Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
- Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Shengkang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
- Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
- Corresponding author at: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China.
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14
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Wang MX, Shandilya UK, Wu X, Huyben D, Karrow NA. Assessing Larval Zebrafish Survival and Gene Expression Following Sodium Butyrate Exposure and Subsequent Lethal Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) Endotoxin Challenge. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:588. [PMID: 37888619 PMCID: PMC10610854 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15100588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
As aquaculture production continues to grow, producers are looking for more sustainable methods to promote growth and increase fish health and survival. Butyrate is a short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) with considerable benefits to gut health, and in recent years, butyrate has been commonly used as an alternative to antimicrobials in livestock production. In this study, we aimed to assess the protective effects of sodium butyrate (NaB) on larval zebrafish subjected to a lethal Pseudomonas aeruginosa lipopolysaccharide (LPS) endotoxin challenge and to elucidate potential protective mechanisms of action. Larval zebrafish were pre-treated with 0, 3000, or 6000 μM NaB for 24 h at 72 h post-fertilization (hpf), then immune challenged for 24 h with 60 μg/mL of LPS at 96 hpf. Our results demonstrate that larval zebrafish pre-treated with 6000 μM of NaB prior to lethal LPS challenge experienced significantly increased survival by 40%, and this same level of NaB significantly down-regulated the expression of pro-inflammatory Tumor Necrosis Factor α (TNF-alpha). Findings from this study are consistent with the beneficial effects of NaB on other vertebrate species and support the potential use of NaB in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary X Wang
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Umesh K Shandilya
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Xiang Wu
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - David Huyben
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Niel A Karrow
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
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15
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Inge Schytz Andersen-Civil A, Anjan Sawale R, Claude Vanwalleghem G. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a translational model for neuro-immune interactions in the enteric nervous system in autism spectrum disorders. Brain Behav Immun 2023:S0889-1591(23)00142-3. [PMID: 37301234 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) affect about 1% of the population and are strongly associated with gastrointestinal diseases creating shortcomings in quality of life. Multiple factors contribute to the development of ASD and although neurodevelopmental deficits are central, the pathogenesis of the condition is complex and the high prevalence of intestinal disorders is poorly understood. In agreement with the prominent research establishing clear bidirectional interactions between the gut and the brain, several studies have made it evident that such a relation also exists in ASD. Thus, dysregulation of the gut microbiota and gut barrier integrity may play an important role in ASD. However, only limited research has investigated how the enteric nervous system (ENS) and intestinal mucosal immune factors may impact on the development of ASD-related intestinal disorders. This review focuses on the mechanistic studies that elucidate the regulation and interactions between enteric immune cells, residing gut microbiota and the ENS in models of ASD. Especially the multifaceted properties and applicability of zebrafish (Danio rerio) for the study of ASD pathogenesis are assessed in comparison to studies conducted in rodent models and humans. Advances in molecular techniques and in vivo imaging, combined with genetic manipulation and generation of germ-free animals in a controlled environment, appear to make zebrafish an underestimated model of choice for the study of ASD. Finally, we establish the research gaps that remain to be explored to further our understanding of the complexity of ASD pathogenesis and associated mechanisms that may lead to intestinal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Inge Schytz Andersen-Civil
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Universitetsbyen 81, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience - DANDRITE, Nordic-EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Rajlakshmi Anjan Sawale
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Universitetsbyen 81, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience - DANDRITE, Nordic-EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Gilles Claude Vanwalleghem
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Universitetsbyen 81, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience - DANDRITE, Nordic-EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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16
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Sree Kumar H, Wisner AS, Refsnider JM, Martyniuk CJ, Zubcevic J. Small fish, big discoveries: zebrafish shed light on microbial biomarkers for neuro-immune-cardiovascular health. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1186645. [PMID: 37324381 PMCID: PMC10267477 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1186645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Zebrafish (Danio rerio) have emerged as a powerful model to study the gut microbiome in the context of human conditions, including hypertension, cardiovascular disease, neurological disorders, and immune dysfunction. Here, we highlight zebrafish as a tool to bridge the gap in knowledge in linking the gut microbiome and physiological homeostasis of cardiovascular, neural, and immune systems, both independently and as an integrated axis. Drawing on zebrafish studies to date, we discuss challenges in microbiota transplant techniques and gnotobiotic husbandry practices. We present advantages and current limitations in zebrafish microbiome research and discuss the use of zebrafish in identification of microbial enterotypes in health and disease. We also highlight the versatility of zebrafish studies to further explore the function of human conditions relevant to gut dysbiosis and reveal novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemaa Sree Kumar
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
- Department of Neuroscience and Neurological Disorders, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Alexander S. Wisner
- Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
- Center for Drug Design and Development, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Jeanine M. Refsnider
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Christopher J. Martyniuk
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, OH, United States
| | - Jasenka Zubcevic
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
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17
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Golpour F, Abbasi-Alaei M, Babaei F, Mirzababaei M, Parvardeh S, Mohammadi G, Nassiri-Asl M. Short chain fatty acids, a possible treatment option for autoimmune diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114763. [PMID: 37105078 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota can interact with the immune system through its metabolites. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), as one of the most abundant metabolites of the resident gut microbiota play an important role in this crosstalk. SCFAs (acetate, propionate, and butyrate) regulate nearly every type of immune cell in the gut's immune cell repertoire regarding their development and function. SCFAs work through several pathways to impose protection towards colonic health and against local or systemic inflammation. Additionally, SCFAs play a role in the regulation of immune or non-immune pathways that can slow the development of autoimmunity either systematically or in situ. The present study aims to summarize the current knowledge on the immunomodulatory roles of SCFAs and the association between the SCFAs and autoimmune disorders such as celiac disease (CD), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), multiple sclerosis (MS), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), type 1 diabetes (T1D) and other immune-mediated diseases, uncovering a brand-new therapeutic possibility to prevent or treat autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Golpour
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrsa Abbasi-Alaei
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Babaei
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Mirzababaei
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Siavash Parvardeh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Mohammadi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran; Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
| | - Marjan Nassiri-Asl
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Neurobiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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18
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Conz A, Salmona M, Diomede L. Effect of Non-Nutritive Sweeteners on the Gut Microbiota. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081869. [PMID: 37111090 PMCID: PMC10144565 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The human gut microbiota, a complex community of microorganisms living in the digestive tract, consists of more than 1500 species distributed in more than 50 different phyla, with 99% of bacteria coming from about 30-40 species. The colon alone, which contains the largest population of the diverse human microbiota, can harbor up to 100 trillion bacteria. The gut microbiota is essential in maintaining normal gut physiology and health. Therefore, its disruption in humans is often associated with various pathological conditions. Different factors can influence the composition and function of the gut microbiota, including host genetics, age, antibiotic treatments, environment, and diet. The diet has a marked effect, impacting the gut microbiota composition, beneficially or detrimentally, by altering some bacterial species and adjusting the metabolites produced in the gut environment. With the widespread use of non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS) in the diet, recent investigations have focused on their effect on the gut microbiota as a mediator of the potential impact generated by gastrointestinal-related disturbances, such as insulin resistance, obesity, and inflammation. We summarized the results from pre-clinical and clinical studies published over the last ten years that examined the single effects of the most consumed NNS: aspartame, acesulfame-K, sucralose, and saccharin. Pre-clinical studies have given conflicting results for various reasons, including the administration method and the differences in metabolism of the same NNS among the different animal species. A dysbiotic effect of NNS was observed in some human trials, but many other randomized controlled trials reported a lack of significant impacts on gut microbiota composition. These studies differed in the number of subjects involved, their dietary habits, and their lifestyle; all factors related to the baseline composition of gut microbiota and their response to NNS. The scientific community still has no unanimous consensus on the appropriate outcomes and biomarkers that can accurately define the effects of NNS on the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Conz
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milano, Italy
| | - Mario Salmona
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milano, Italy
| | - Luisa Diomede
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Via Mario Negri 2, 20156 Milano, Italy
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19
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López Nadal A, Boekhorst J, Lute C, van den Berg F, Schorn MA, Bergen Eriksen T, Peggs D, McGurk C, Sipkema D, Kleerebezem M, Wiegertjes GF, Brugman S. Omics and imaging combinatorial approach reveals butyrate-induced inflammatory effects in the zebrafish gut. Anim Microbiome 2023; 5:15. [PMID: 36869372 PMCID: PMC9985269 DOI: 10.1186/s42523-023-00230-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prebiotic feed additives aim to improve gut health by influencing the microbiota and the gut barrier. Most studies on feed additives concentrate on one or two (monodisciplinary) outcome parameters, such as immunity, growth, microbiota or intestinal architecture. A combinatorial and comprehensive approach to disclose the complex and multifaceted effects of feed additives is needed to understand their underlying mechanisms before making health benefit claims. Here, we used juvenile zebrafish as a model species to study effects of feed additives by integrating gut microbiota composition data and host gut transcriptomics with high-throughput quantitative histological analysis. Zebrafish received either control, sodium butyrate or saponin-supplemented feed. Butyrate-derived components such as butyric acid or sodium butyrate have been widely used in animal feeds due to their immunostimulant properties, thereby supporting intestinal health. Soy saponin is an antinutritional factor from soybean meal that promotes inflammation due to its amphipathic nature. RESULTS We observed distinct microbial profiles associated with each diet, discovering that butyrate (and saponin to a lesser extent) affected gut microbial composition by reducing the degree of community-structure (co-occurrence network analysis) compared to controls. Analogously, butyrate and saponin supplementation impacted the transcription of numerous canonical pathways compared to control-fed fish. For example, both butyrate and saponin increased the expression of genes associated with immune response and inflammatory response, as well as oxidoreductase activity, compared to controls. Furthermore, butyrate decreased the expression of genes associated with histone modification, mitotic processes and G-coupled receptor activity. High-throughput quantitative histological analysis depicted an increase of eosinophils and rodlet cells in the gut tissue of fish receiving butyrate after one week of feeding and a depletion of mucus-producing cells after 3 weeks of feeding this diet. Combination of all datasets indicated that in juvenile zebrafish, butyrate supplementation increases the immune and the inflammatory response to a greater extent than the established inflammation-inducing anti-nutritional factor saponin. Such comprehensive analysis was supplemented by in vivo imaging of neutrophil and macrophage transgenic reporter zebrafish (mpeg1:mCherry/mpx:eGFPi114) larvae. Upon exposure to butyrate and saponin, these larvae displayed a dose-dependent increase of neutrophils and macrophages in the gut area. CONCLUSION The omics and imaging combinatorial approach provided an integrated evaluation of the effect of butyrate on fish gut health and unraveled inflammatory-like features not previously reported that question the usage of butyrate supplementation to enhance fish gut health under basal conditions. The zebrafish model, due to its unique advantages, provides researchers with an invaluable tool to investigate effects of feed components on fish gut health throughout life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrià López Nadal
- grid.4818.50000 0001 0791 5666Cell Biology and Immunology Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands ,grid.4818.50000 0001 0791 5666Aquaculture and Fisheries Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands ,grid.4818.50000 0001 0791 5666Host-Microbe Interactomics, Wageningen University and Research, De Elst 1, 6708 WD Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jos Boekhorst
- grid.4818.50000 0001 0791 5666Host-Microbe Interactomics, Wageningen University and Research, De Elst 1, 6708 WD Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Carolien Lute
- grid.4818.50000 0001 0791 5666Cell Biology and Immunology Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Frank van den Berg
- grid.4818.50000 0001 0791 5666Aquaculture and Fisheries Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Michelle A. Schorn
- grid.4818.50000 0001 0791 5666Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - David Peggs
- Skretting Aquaculture Innovation, Stavanger, Norway
| | | | - Detmer Sipkema
- grid.4818.50000 0001 0791 5666Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Michiel Kleerebezem
- grid.4818.50000 0001 0791 5666Host-Microbe Interactomics, Wageningen University and Research, De Elst 1, 6708 WD Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Geert F. Wiegertjes
- grid.4818.50000 0001 0791 5666Aquaculture and Fisheries Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sylvia Brugman
- Host-Microbe Interactomics, Wageningen University and Research, De Elst 1, 6708 WD, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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20
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Tang D, Tang Q, Huang W, Zhang Y, Tian Y, Fu X. Fasting: From Physiology to Pathology. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2204487. [PMID: 36737846 PMCID: PMC10037992 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202204487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Overnutrition is a risk factor for various human diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic disorders, and cancers. Therefore, targeting overnutrition represents a simple but attractive strategy for the treatment of these increasing public health threats. Fasting as a dietary intervention for combating overnutrition has been extensively studied. Fasting has been practiced for millennia, but only recently have its roles in the molecular clock, gut microbiome, and tissue homeostasis and function emerged. Fasting can slow aging in most species and protect against various human diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic disorders, and cancers. These centuried and unfading adventures and explorations suggest that fasting has the potential to delay aging and help prevent and treat diseases while minimizing side effects caused by chronic dietary interventions. In this review, recent animal and human studies concerning the role and underlying mechanism of fasting in physiology and pathology are summarized, the therapeutic potential of fasting is highlighted, and the combination of pharmacological intervention and fasting is discussed as a new treatment regimen for human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Tang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China HospitalSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of BiotherapyChengduSichuan610041China
| | - Qiuyan Tang
- Neurology Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Clinical MedicineChengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduSichuan610075China
| | - Wei Huang
- West China Centre of Excellence for PancreatitisInstitute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineWest China‐Liverpool Biomedical Research CentreWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan610041China
| | - Yuwei Zhang
- Division of Endocrinology and MetabolismWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuan610041China
| | - Yan Tian
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China HospitalSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of BiotherapyChengduSichuan610041China
| | - Xianghui Fu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China HospitalSichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of BiotherapyChengduSichuan610041China
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21
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Vargas RA, Soto-Aguilera S, Parra M, Herrera S, Santibañez A, Kossack C, Saavedra CP, Mora O, Pineda M, Gonzalez O, Gonzalez A, Maisey K, Torres-Maravilla E, Bermúdez-Humarán LG, Suárez-Villota EY, Tello M. Analysis of microbiota-host communication mediated by butyrate in Atlantic Salmon. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:2558-2578. [PMID: 37122632 PMCID: PMC10130356 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Butyrate is a microbiota-produced metabolite, sensed by host short-chain fatty acid receptors FFAR2 (Gpr43), FFAR3 (Gpr41), HCAR2 (Gpr109A), and Histone deacetylase (HDAC) that promotes microbiota-host crosstalk. Butyrate influences energy uptake, developmental and immune response in mammals. This microbial metabolite is produced by around 79 anaerobic genera present in the mammalian gut, yet little is known about the role of butyrate in the host-microbiota interaction in salmonid fish. To further our knowledge of this interaction, we analyzed the intestinal microbiota and genome of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), searching for butyrate-producing genera and host butyrate receptors. We identified Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria as the main butyrate-producing bacteria in the salmon gut microbiota. In the Atlantic salmon genome, we identified an expansion of genes orthologous to FFAR2 and HCAR2 receptors, and class I and IIa HDACs that are sensitive to butyrate. In addition, we determined the expression levels of orthologous of HCAR2 in the gut, spleen, and head-kidney, and FFAR2 in RTgutGC cells. The effect of butyrate on the Atlantic salmon immune response was evaluated by analyzing the pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines response in vitro in SHK-1 cells by RT-qPCR. Butyrate decreased the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β and increased anti-inflammatory IL-10 and TGF-β cytokines. Butyrate also reduced the expression of interferon-alpha, Mx, and PKR, and decreased the viral load at a higher concentration (4 mM) in cells treated with this molecule before the infection with Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis Virus (IPNV) by mechanisms independent of FFAR2, FFAR3 and HCAR2 expression that probably inhibit HDAC. Moreover, butyrate modified phosphorylation of cytoplasmic proteins in RTgutGC cells. Our data allow us to infer that Atlantic salmon have the ability to sense butyrate produced by their gut microbiota via different specific targets, through which butyrate modulates the immune response of pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines and the antiviral response.
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22
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Peng G, Sinkko HM, Alenius H, Lozano N, Kostarelos K, Bräutigam L, Fadeel B. Graphene oxide elicits microbiome-dependent type 2 immune responses via the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 18:42-48. [PMID: 36509925 PMCID: PMC9879769 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-022-01260-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiome produces metabolites that interact with the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a key regulator of immune homoeostasis in the gut1,2. Here we show that oral exposure to graphene oxide (GO) modulates the composition of the gut microbiome in adult zebrafish, with significant differences in wild-type versus ahr2-deficient animals. Furthermore, GO was found to elicit AhR-dependent induction of cyp1a and homing of lck+ cells to the gut in germ-free zebrafish larvae when combined with the short-chain fatty acid butyrate. To obtain further insights into the immune responses to GO, we used single-cell RNA sequencing to profile cells from whole germ-free embryos as well as cells enriched for lck. These studies provided evidence for the existence of innate lymphoid cell (ILC)-like cells3 in germ-free zebrafish. Moreover, GO endowed with a 'corona' of microbial butyrate triggered the induction of ILC2-like cells with attributes of regulatory cells. Taken together, this study shows that a nanomaterial can influence the crosstalk between the microbiome and immune system in an AhR-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guotao Peng
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hanna M Sinkko
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Human Microbiome Research Program (HUMI), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Harri Alenius
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Human Microbiome Research Program (HUMI), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Neus Lozano
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Kostas Kostarelos
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), Bellaterra, Spain
- National Graphene Institute, and Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Lars Bräutigam
- Comparative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bengt Fadeel
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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23
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Zhang X, Wang X, Zhao H, Cao R, Dang Y, Yu B. Imbalance of Microbacterial Diversity Is Associated with Functional Prognosis of Stroke. Neural Plast 2023; 2023:6297653. [PMID: 37197229 PMCID: PMC10185427 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6297653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives There is mounting evidence to suggest that the pathophysiology of stroke is greatly influenced by the microbiota of the gut and its metabolites, in particular short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). The primary purpose of the study was to evaluate whether the levels of SCFAs and the gut microbiota are altered in poststroke patients and to examine the relationship between these alterations and the physical condition, intestinal health, pain, or nutritional status of patients. Methods Twenty stroke patients and twenty healthy controls were enrolled in the current study, and their demographics were matched. Gas chromatography was used to determine the fecal SCFAs, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to evaluate their fecal microbiota. Microbial diversity and richness were examined using the diversity indices alpha and beta, and taxonomic analysis was utilized to determine group differences. The relationships between the gut microbiome and fecal SCFAs, discriminant bacteria, and poststroke clinical outcomes were analyzed. Results Less community richness (ACE and Chao) was observed in the poststroke patients (P < 0.05), but the differences between the poststroke group and the healthy control group in terms of species diversity (Shannon and Simpson) were not statistically significant. The makeup of the poststroke gut microbiota was distinct from that of the control group, as evidenced by beta diversity. Then, the relative abundances of the taxa in the poststroke and control groups were compared in order to identify the specific microbiota changes. At the level of phylum, the poststroke subjects showed a significant increase in the relative abundances of Akkermansiaceae, Fusobacteriota, Desulfobacterota, Ruminococcaceae, and Oscillospirales and a particularly noticeable decrease in the relative abundance of Acidobacteriota compared to the control subjects (P < 0.05). In regard to SCFA concentrations, lower levels of fecal acetic acid (P = 0.001) and propionic acid (P = 0.049) were found in poststroke subjects. Agathobacter was highly correlated with acetic acid level (r = 0.473, P = 0.002), whereas Fusobacteria (r = -0.371, P = 0.018), Flavonifractor (r = -0.334, P = 0.034), Desulfovibrio (r = -0.362, P = 0.018), and Akkermansia (r = -0.321, P = 0.043) were negatively related to acetic acid levels. Additionally, the findings of the correlation analysis revealed that Akkermansia (r = -0.356, P = 0.024), Desulfovibrio (r = -0.316, P = 0.047), and Alloprevotella (r = -0.366, P = 0.020) were significantly negatively correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. In addition, the Neurogenic Bowel Dysfunction score (r = 0.495, P = 0.026), Barthel index (r = -0.531, P = 0.015), Fugl-Meyer Assessment score (r = -0.565, P = 0.009), Visual Analogue Scale score (r = 0.605, P = 0.005), and Brief Pain Inventory score (r = 0.507, P = 0.023) were significantly associated with alterations of distinctive gut microbiota. Conclusions Stroke generates extensive and substantial alterations in the gut microbiota and SCFAs, according to our findings. The differences of intestinal flora and lower fecal SCFA levels are closely related to the physical function, intestinal function, pain, or nutritional status of poststroke patients. Treatment strategies aimed at modulating the gut microbiota and SCFAs may have the potential to enhance the clinical results of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xintong Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Lianyungang Oriental Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hong Zhao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Risheng Cao
- Department of Science and Technology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yini Dang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Binbin Yu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, China
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24
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Bondy SC. Relationships between Diabetes and the Intestinal Microbial Population. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010566. [PMID: 36614008 PMCID: PMC9820277 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by lower responsiveness of tissues to insulin and consequent large variations in circulating levels of glucose. This fluctuation has harmful effects as both hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia can be very injurious. The causes of diabetes are varied but the consequences are rather uniform. Dietary factors are important especially in adult onset type 2 diabetes (T2D) while type 1 diabetes (T1D) is characterized by having a stronger heritable component and involving autoimmune attach on pancreatic beta cells. This review is focused on the relation of the bacterial components found within the intestine, to the establishment and maintenance of diabetes. The precise composition of the gut microbiome is increasingly recognized as a factor in organismic health and its interaction with a variety of disease states has been described. This is especially marked in the case of diabetes since the nature of the diet is an important factor in establishing both the microbiome and the incidence of diabetes. The bidirectional nature of this relationship is discussed. The effects of disease that lead to altered microbiomal composition together with aberrant metabolic changes are also included. Emphasis is given to the important role of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) as mediators of the microbiome-diabetes relation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen C. Bondy
- Department of Medicine, Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA;
- Department of Environmental & Occupational Health, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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25
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Xia H, Chen H, Cheng X, Yin M, Yao X, Ma J, Huang M, Chen G, Liu H. Zebrafish: an efficient vertebrate model for understanding role of gut microbiota. Mol Med 2022; 28:161. [PMID: 36564702 PMCID: PMC9789649 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00579-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota plays a critical role in the maintenance of host health. As a low-cost and genetically tractable vertebrate model, zebrafish have been widely used for biological research. Zebrafish and humans share some similarities in intestinal physiology and function, and this allows zebrafish to be a surrogate model for investigating the crosstalk between the gut microbiota and host. Especially, zebrafish have features such as high fecundity, external fertilization, and early optical transparency. These enable the researchers to employ the fish to address questions not easily addressed in other animal models. In this review, we described the intestine structure of zebrafish. Also, we summarized the methods of generating a gnotobiotic zebrafish model, the factors affecting its intestinal flora, and the study progress of gut microbiota functions in zebrafish. Finally, we discussed the limitations and challenges of the zebrafish model for gut microbiota studies. In summary, this review established that zebrafish is an attractive research tool to understand mechanistic insights into host-microbe interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xia
- grid.257143.60000 0004 1772 1285College of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Hongshan Disctrict, Wuhan, 430065 China
| | - Huimin Chen
- grid.257143.60000 0004 1772 1285College of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Hongshan Disctrict, Wuhan, 430065 China
| | - Xue Cheng
- grid.257143.60000 0004 1772 1285College of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Hongshan Disctrict, Wuhan, 430065 China
| | - Mingzhu Yin
- grid.257143.60000 0004 1772 1285College of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Hongshan Disctrict, Wuhan, 430065 China
| | - Xiaowei Yao
- grid.257143.60000 0004 1772 1285College of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Hongshan Disctrict, Wuhan, 430065 China
| | - Jun Ma
- grid.257143.60000 0004 1772 1285College of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Hongshan Disctrict, Wuhan, 430065 China
| | - Mengzhen Huang
- grid.257143.60000 0004 1772 1285College of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Hongshan Disctrict, Wuhan, 430065 China
| | - Gang Chen
- grid.477392.cHubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430061 China
| | - Hongtao Liu
- grid.257143.60000 0004 1772 1285College of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjiahu West Road 16, Hongshan Disctrict, Wuhan, 430065 China
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26
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Li R, Wang Z, Kong KW, Xiang P, He X, Zhang X. Probiotic fermentation improves the bioactivities and bioaccessibility of polyphenols in Dendrobium officinale under in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion and fecal fermentation. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1005912. [PMID: 36159468 PMCID: PMC9491275 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1005912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the research was to investigate and compare the bioactivities and bioaccessibility of the polyphenols (PPs) from Dendrobium officinale (DO) and probiotic fermented Dendrobium officinale (FDO), by using in vitro simulated digestion model under oral, gastric and intestinal phases as well as colonic fermentation. The results indicated that FDO possessed significantly higher total phenolic contents (TPC) and total flavonoid contents (TFC) than DO, and they were released most in the intestinal digestion phase with 6.96 ± 0.99 mg GAE/g DE and 10.70 ± 1.31 mg RE/g DE, respectively. Using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), a total of six phenolic acids and four flavonoids were detected. In the intestinal phase, syringaldehyde and ferulic acid were major released by DO, whereas they were p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, and syringic acid for FDO. However, apigenin and scutellarin were sustained throughout the digestion whether DO or FDO. As the digestive process progressed, their antioxidant ability, α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities were increased, and FDO was overall substantially stronger in these activities than that of DO. Both DO and FDO could reduce pH values in the colonic fermentation system, and enhance the contents of short-chain fatty acids, but there were no significantly different between them. The results of the 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that both DO and FDO could alter intestinal microbial diversity during in vitro colonic fermentation. In particular, after colonic fermentation for 24 h, FDO could significantly improve the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes, and enrich the abundancy of Enterococcus and Bifidobacterium (p < 0.05), which was most likely through the carbohydrate metabolism signal pathway. Taken together, the PPs from DO and FDO had good potential for antioxidant and modulation of gut bacterial flora during the digestive processes, and FDO had better bioactivities and bioaccessibility. This study could provide scientific data and novel insights for Dendrobium officinale to be developed as functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rurui Li
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- College of Life Science, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhenxing Wang
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- College of Life Science, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Kin Weng Kong
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ping Xiang
- Institute of Environmental Remediation and Human Health, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiahong He
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Xiahong He
| | - Xuechun Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- College of Life Science, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
- Xuechun Zhang
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27
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Honaker L, Chen C, Dautzenberg FM, Brugman S, Deshpande S. Designing Biological Microsensors with Chiral Nematic Liquid Crystal Droplets. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:37316-37329. [PMID: 35969154 PMCID: PMC9412956 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c06923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Biosensing using liquid crystals has a tremendous potential by coupling the high degree of sensitivity of their alignment to their surroundings with clear optical feedback. Many existing set-ups use birefringence of nematic liquid crystals, which severely limits straightforward and frugal implementation into a sensing platform due to the sophisticated optical set-ups required. In this work, we instead utilize chiral nematic liquid crystal microdroplets, which show strongly reflected structural color, as sensing platforms for surface active agents. We systematically quantify the optical response of closely related biological amphiphiles and find unique optical signatures for each species. We detect signatures across a wide range of concentrations (from micromolar to millimolar), with fast response times (from seconds to minutes). The striking optical response is a function of the adsorption of surfactants in a nonhomogeneous manner and the topology of the chiral nematic liquid crystal orientation at the interface requiring a scattering, multidomain structure. We show that the surface interactions, in particular, the surface packing density, to be a function of both headgroup and tail and thus unique to each surfactant species. We show lab-on-a-chip capability of our method by drying droplets in high-density two-dimensional arrays and simply hydrating the chip to detect dissolved analytes. Finally, we show proof-of-principle in vivo biosensing in the healthy as well as inflamed intestinal tracts of live zebrafish larvae, demonstrating CLC droplets show a clear optical response specifically when exposed to the gut environment rich in amphiphiles. Our unique approach shows clear potential in developing on-site detection platforms and detecting biological amphiphiles in living organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence
W. Honaker
- Laboratory
of Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen
University & Research, Wageningen 6708 WE, The Netherlands
| | - Chang Chen
- Laboratory
of Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen
University & Research, Wageningen 6708 WE, The Netherlands
| | - Floris M.H. Dautzenberg
- Laboratory
of Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen
University & Research, Wageningen 6708 WE, The Netherlands
| | - Sylvia Brugman
- Host-Microbe
Interactomics, Wageningen University &
Research, Wageningen 6708 WD, The Netherlands
| | - Siddharth Deshpande
- Laboratory
of Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, Wageningen
University & Research, Wageningen 6708 WE, The Netherlands
- . Phone: +31 (0)317 480
419
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28
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Kim HS, Je JG, An H, Baek K, Lee JM, Yim MJ, Ko SC, Kim JY, Oh GW, Kang MC, Ham YM, Jeon YJ, Lee DS. Isolation and Characterization of Efficient Active Compounds Using High-Performance Centrifugal Partition Chromatography (CPC) from Anti-Inflammatory Activity Fraction of Ecklonia maxima in South Africa. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:471. [PMID: 35892939 PMCID: PMC9394317 DOI: 10.3390/md20080471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ecklonia maxima is a brown seaweed, which is abundantly distributed in South Africa. This study investigated an efficient approach using high-performance centrifugal partition chromatography (HPCPC), which has been successfully developed for the isolation and purification of phlorotannins, eckmaxol, and dieckol from the ethyl acetate fraction of E. maxima (EEM). We evaluated EEM for its inhibitory effect against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses in zebrafish embryos. The separation of eckmaxol and dieckol from samples of EEM using HPCPC was found to be of high purity and yield under an optimal solvent system composed of n-hexane:ethyl acetate:methanol:water (2:7:3:7, v/v/v/v). To evaluate the anti-inflammatory efficacy of EEM containing active compounds, zebrafish embryos exposed to LPS were compared with and without EEM treatment for nitric oxide (NO) production, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and cell death two days after fertilization. These evaluations indicate that EEM alleviated inflammation by inhibiting cell death, ROS, and NO generation induced by LPS treatment. According to these results, eckmaxol and dieckol isolated from brown seaweed E. maxima could be considered effective anti-inflammatory agents as pharmaceutical and functional food ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Soo Kim
- National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, 75, Jangsan-ro 101 gil, Janghang-eup, Seocheon 33662, Korea; (H.-S.K.); (H.A.); (K.B.); (J.M.L.); (M.-J.Y.); (S.-C.K.); (J.-Y.K.); (G.-W.O.)
| | - Jun-Geon Je
- Department of Marine Life Science, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea;
| | - Hyesuck An
- National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, 75, Jangsan-ro 101 gil, Janghang-eup, Seocheon 33662, Korea; (H.-S.K.); (H.A.); (K.B.); (J.M.L.); (M.-J.Y.); (S.-C.K.); (J.-Y.K.); (G.-W.O.)
| | - Kyunghwa Baek
- National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, 75, Jangsan-ro 101 gil, Janghang-eup, Seocheon 33662, Korea; (H.-S.K.); (H.A.); (K.B.); (J.M.L.); (M.-J.Y.); (S.-C.K.); (J.-Y.K.); (G.-W.O.)
| | - Jeong Min Lee
- National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, 75, Jangsan-ro 101 gil, Janghang-eup, Seocheon 33662, Korea; (H.-S.K.); (H.A.); (K.B.); (J.M.L.); (M.-J.Y.); (S.-C.K.); (J.-Y.K.); (G.-W.O.)
| | - Mi-Jin Yim
- National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, 75, Jangsan-ro 101 gil, Janghang-eup, Seocheon 33662, Korea; (H.-S.K.); (H.A.); (K.B.); (J.M.L.); (M.-J.Y.); (S.-C.K.); (J.-Y.K.); (G.-W.O.)
| | - Seok-Chun Ko
- National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, 75, Jangsan-ro 101 gil, Janghang-eup, Seocheon 33662, Korea; (H.-S.K.); (H.A.); (K.B.); (J.M.L.); (M.-J.Y.); (S.-C.K.); (J.-Y.K.); (G.-W.O.)
| | - Ji-Yul Kim
- National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, 75, Jangsan-ro 101 gil, Janghang-eup, Seocheon 33662, Korea; (H.-S.K.); (H.A.); (K.B.); (J.M.L.); (M.-J.Y.); (S.-C.K.); (J.-Y.K.); (G.-W.O.)
| | - Gun-Woo Oh
- National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, 75, Jangsan-ro 101 gil, Janghang-eup, Seocheon 33662, Korea; (H.-S.K.); (H.A.); (K.B.); (J.M.L.); (M.-J.Y.); (S.-C.K.); (J.-Y.K.); (G.-W.O.)
| | - Min-Cheol Kang
- Research Group of Food Processing Research Division of Strategic Food Technology, Wanju-gun 55365, Korea;
| | - Young Min Ham
- Korea Jeju Biodiversity Research Institute, Jeju Technopark, Jeju 63608, Korea;
| | - You-Jin Jeon
- Department of Marine Life Science, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea;
| | - Dae-Sung Lee
- National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, 75, Jangsan-ro 101 gil, Janghang-eup, Seocheon 33662, Korea; (H.-S.K.); (H.A.); (K.B.); (J.M.L.); (M.-J.Y.); (S.-C.K.); (J.-Y.K.); (G.-W.O.)
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Rangan P, Mondino A. Microbial short-chain fatty acids: a strategy to tune adoptive T cell therapy. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2021-004147. [PMID: 35882448 PMCID: PMC9330349 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-004147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota and its metabolites have been shown to play a pivotal role in the regulation of metabolic, endocrine and immune functions. Though the exact mechanism of action remains to be fully elucidated, available knowledge supports the ability of microbiota-fermented short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), such as acetate, propionate, and butyrate, to influence epigenetic and metabolic cascades controlling gene expression, chemotaxis, differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis in several non-immune and immune cell subsets. While used as preferred metabolic substrates and sources of energy by colonic gut epithelial cells, most recent evidence indicates that these metabolites regulate immune functions, and in particular fine-tune T cell effector, regulatory and memory phenotypes, with direct in vivo consequences on the efficacy of chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy. Most recent data also support the use of these metabolites over the course of T cell manufacturing, paving the way for refined adoptive T cell therapy engineering. Here, we review the most recent advances in the field, highlighting in vitro and in vivo evidence for the ability of SCFAs to shape T cell phenotypes and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Rangan
- Department of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
| | - Anna Mondino
- Department of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
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30
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Yang R, Gao G, Yang H. The Pathological Mechanism Between the Intestine and Brain in the Early Stage of Parkinson's Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:861035. [PMID: 35813958 PMCID: PMC9263383 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.861035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common chronic progressive neurodegenerative disease. The main pathological features are progressive degeneration of neurons and abnormal accumulation of α-synuclein. At present, the pathogenesis of PD is not completely clear, and many changes in the intestinal tract may be the early pathogenic factors of PD. These changes affect the central nervous system (CNS) through both nervous and humoral pathways. α-Synuclein deposited in the intestinal nerve migrates upward along the vagus nerve to the brain. Inflammation and immune regulation mediated by intestinal immune cells may be involved, affecting the CNS through local blood circulation. In addition, microorganisms and their metabolites may also affect the progression of PD. Therefore, paying attention to the multiple changes in the intestinal tract may provide new insight for the early diagnosis and treatment of PD.
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31
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Han Z, Ma K, Tao H, Liu H, Zhang J, Sai X, Li Y, Chi M, Nian Q, Song L, Liu C. A Deep Insight Into Regulatory T Cell Metabolism in Renal Disease: Facts and Perspectives. Front Immunol 2022; 13:826732. [PMID: 35251009 PMCID: PMC8892604 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.826732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidney disease encompasses a complex set of diseases that can aggravate or start systemic pathophysiological processes through their complex metabolic mechanisms and effects on body homoeostasis. The prevalence of kidney disease has increased dramatically over the last two decades. CD4+CD25+ regulatory T (Treg) cells that express the transcription factor forkhead box protein 3 (Foxp3) are critical for maintaining immune homeostasis and preventing autoimmune disease and tissue damage caused by excessive or unnecessary immune activation, including autoimmune kidney diseases. Recent studies have highlighted the critical role of metabolic reprogramming in controlling the plasticity, stability, and function of Treg cells. They are also likely to play a vital role in limiting kidney transplant rejection and potentially promoting transplant tolerance. Metabolic pathways, such as mitochondrial function, glycolysis, lipid synthesis, glutaminolysis, and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activation, are involved in the development of renal diseases by modulating the function and proliferation of Treg cells. Targeting metabolic pathways to alter Treg cells can offer a promising method for renal disease therapy. In this review, we provide a new perspective on the role of Treg cell metabolism in renal diseases by presenting the renal microenvironment、relevant metabolites of Treg cell metabolism, and the role of Treg cell metabolism in various kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyu Han
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Renal Disease Clinical Research Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China.,Reproductive & Women-Children Hospital, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Kuai Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hongxia Tao
- Reproductive & Women-Children Hospital, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongli Liu
- Reproductive & Women-Children Hospital, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiong Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Renal Disease Clinical Research Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiyalatu Sai
- Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao, China
| | - Yunlong Li
- Reproductive & Women-Children Hospital, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingxuan Chi
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Renal Disease Clinical Research Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing Nian
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China.,Department of Blood Transfusion Sicuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Linjiang Song
- Reproductive & Women-Children Hospital, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chi Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Renal Disease Clinical Research Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
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32
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Zhong X, Li J, Lu F, Zhang J, Guo L. Application of zebrafish in the study of the gut microbiome. Animal Model Exp Med 2022; 5:323-336. [PMID: 35415967 PMCID: PMC9434591 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Zebrafish (Danio rerio) have attracted much attention over the past decade as a reliable model for gut microbiome research. Owing to their low cost, strong genetic and development coherence, efficient preparation of germ-free (GF) larvae, availability in high-throughput chemical screening, and fitness for intravital imaging in vivo, zebrafish have been extensively used to investigate microbiome-host interactions and evaluate the toxicity of environmental pollutants. In this review, the advantages and disadvantages of zebrafish for studying the role of the gut microbiome compared with warm-blooded animal models are first summarized. Then, the roles of zebrafish gut microbiome on host development, metabolic pathways, gut-brain axis, and immune disorders and responses are addressed. Furthermore, their applications for the toxicological assessment of aquatic environmental pollutants and exploration of the molecular mechanism of pathogen infections are reviewed. We highlight the great potential of the zebrafish model for developing probiotics for xenobiotic detoxification, resistance against bacterial infection, and disease prevention and cure. Overall, the zebrafish model promises a brighter future for gut microbiome research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Zhong
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China.,Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University & Key Laboratory of Zebrafish Model for Development and Disease, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jinglin Li
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Furong Lu
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University & Key Laboratory of Zebrafish Model for Development and Disease, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.,The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Lianxian Guo
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China.,Dongguan Innovation Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
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33
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Manuneedhi Cholan P, Morris S, Luo K, Chen J, Boland JA, McCaughan GW, Britton WJ, Oehlers SH. Transplantation of high fat fed mouse microbiota into zebrafish larvae identifies MyD88-dependent acceleration of hyperlipidaemia by Gram-positive cell wall components. Biofactors 2022; 48:329-341. [PMID: 34665899 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Gut dysbiosis is an important modifier of pathologies including cardiovascular disease but our understanding of the role of individual microbes is limited. Here, we have used transplantation of mouse microbiota into microbiota-deficient zebrafish larvae to study the interaction between members of a mammalian high fat diet-associated gut microbiota with a lipid rich diet challenge in a tractable model species. We find zebrafish larvae are more susceptible to hyperlipidaemia when exposed to the mouse high fat-diet-associated microbiota and that this effect can be driven by two individual bacterial species fractionated from the mouse high fat-diet-associated microbiota. We find Stenotrophomonas maltophilia increases the hyperlipidaemic potential of chicken egg yolk to zebrafish larvae independent of direct interaction between S. maltophilia and the zebrafish host. Colonization by live, or exposure to heat-killed, Enterococcus faecalis accelerates hyperlipidaemia via host MyD88 signaling. The hyperlipidaemic effect is replicated by exposure to the Gram-positive toll-like receptor agonists peptidoglycan and lipoteichoic acid in a MyD88-dependent manner. In this work, we demonstrate the applicability of zebrafish as a tractable host for the identification of gut microbes that can induce conditional host phenotypes via microbiota transplantation and subsequent challenge with a high fat diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Manuneedhi Cholan
- Tuberculosis Research Program at the Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Simone Morris
- Tuberculosis Research Program at the Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kaiming Luo
- Tuberculosis Research Program at the Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jinbiao Chen
- Liver Injury and Cancer Program at the Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jade A Boland
- Liver Injury and Cancer Program at the Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Geoff W McCaughan
- Liver Injury and Cancer Program at the Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- AW Morrow Gastroenterology and Liver Centre, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Warwick J Britton
- Tuberculosis Research Program at the Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stefan H Oehlers
- Tuberculosis Research Program at the Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
- Discipline of Infectious Diseases & Immunology and Sydney Institute for Infectious Diseases, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
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34
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Petit J, de Bruijn I, Goldman MRG, van den Brink E, Pellikaan WF, Forlenza M, Wiegertjes GF. β-Glucan-Induced Immuno-Modulation: A Role for the Intestinal Microbiota and Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Common Carp. Front Immunol 2022; 12:761820. [PMID: 35069532 PMCID: PMC8770818 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.761820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary supplementation of fish with β-glucans has been commonly associated with immunomodulation and generally accepted as beneficial for fish health. However, to date the exact mechanisms of immunomodulation by β-glucan supplementation in fish have remained elusive. In mammals, a clear relation between high-fibre diets, such as those including β-glucans, and diet-induced immunomodulation via intestinal microbiota and associated metabolites has been observed. In this study, first we describe by 16S rRNA sequencing the active naive microbiota of common carp intestine. Based on the abundance of the genus Bacteroides, well known for their capacity to degrade and ferment carbohydrates, we hypothesize that common carp intestinal microbiota could ferment dietary β-glucans. Indeed, two different β-glucan preparations (curdlan and MacroGard®) were both fermented in vitro, albeit with distinct fermentation dynamics and distinct production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA). Second, we describe the potential immunomodulatory effects of the three dominant SCFAs (acetate, butyrate, and propionate) on head kidney leukocytes, showing effects on both nitric oxide production and expression of several cytokines (il-1b, il-6, tnfα, and il-10) in vitro. Interestingly, we also observed a regulation of expression of several gpr40L genes, which were recently described as putative SCFA receptors. Third, we describe how a single in vivo oral gavage of carp with MacroGard® modulated simultaneously, the expression of several pro-inflammatory genes (il-1b, il-6, tnfα), type I IFN-associated genes (tlr3.1, mx3), and three specific gpr40L genes. The in vivo observations provide indirect support to our in vitro data and the possible role of SCFAs in β-glucan-induced immunomodulation. We discuss how β-glucan-induced immunomodulatory effects can be explained, at least in part, by fermentation of MacroGard® by specific bacteria, part of the naive microbiota of common carp intestine, and how a subsequent production of SFCAs could possibly explain immunomodulation by β-glucan via SCFA receptors present on leukocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jules Petit
- Aquaculture and Fisheries Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Irene de Bruijn
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology-The Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Mark R G Goldman
- Aquaculture and Fisheries Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Erik van den Brink
- Aquaculture and Fisheries Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Wilbert F Pellikaan
- Animal Nutrition Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Maria Forlenza
- Aquaculture and Fisheries Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Geert F Wiegertjes
- Aquaculture and Fisheries Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
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35
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Modulation of intestinal health and hepatic vacuolation in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) juveniles by a mixture of dietary esterified butyrins, emulsifiers from plants and yeast extracts at low and high fish meal inclusion. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2021.115194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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36
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Deng F, Zhang LQ, Wu H, Chen Y, Yu WQ, Han RH, Han Y, Zhang XQ, Sun QS, Lin ZB, Wang Y, Liu YP, Chen JY, Liu KX, Hu JJ. Propionate alleviates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury aggravated by Angiotensin II dependent on caveolin-1/ACE2 axis through GPR41. Int J Biol Sci 2022; 18:858-872. [PMID: 35002530 PMCID: PMC8741842 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.67724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is still a lack of effective therapeutic drugs, and its molecular mechanism is urgently needed. Studies have shown that the intestinal flora plays an important regulatory role in cardiovascular injury, but the specific mechanism has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we found that an increase in Ang II in plasma was accompanied by an increase in the levels of myocardial injury during myocardial reperfusion in patients with cardiopulmonary bypass. Furthermore, Ang II treatment enhanced mice myocardial I/R injury, which was reversed by caveolin-1 (CAV-1)-shRNA or strengthened by angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)-shRNA. The results showed that CAV-1 and ACE2 have protein interactions and inhibit each other's expression. In addition, propionate, a bacterial metabolite, inhibited the elevation of Ang II and myocardial injury, while GPR41-shRNA abolished the protective effects of propionate on myocardial I/R injury. Clinically, the propionate content in the patient's preoperative stool was related to Ang II levels and myocardial I/R injury levels during myocardial reperfusion. Taken together, propionate alleviates myocardial I/R injury aggravated by Ang II dependent on CAV-1/ACE2 axis through GPR41, which provides a new direction that diet to regulate the intestinal flora for treatment of myocardial I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Liang-Qing Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Han Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Wen-Qian Yu
- The First Ward of Pain Department, Hubei NO. 3 People's Hospital of Jianghan University, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Rong-Hui Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Yuan Han
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiao-Qi Zhang
- Major of Clinical Medicine, Nanshan College, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Qi-Shun Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Ze-Bin Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Yong-Pan Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Jing-Yi Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Ke-Xuan Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jing-Juan Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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37
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Li S, Heng X, Guo L, Lessing DJ, Chu W. SCFAs improve disease resistance via modulate gut microbiota, enhance immune response and increase antioxidative capacity in the host. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 120:560-568. [PMID: 34958920 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the effects of dietary short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) on the intestinal health and innate immunity in crucian carp, a six-week feeding trial was carried out with following treatments: basal diet (BD), basal diet supplementation with 1% sodium acetate (BDSA), basal diet supplementation with 1% sodium propionate (BDSP) and basal diet supplementation with 1% sodium butyrate (BDSB). The results showed dietary BDSA, BDSP and BDSB could protect the host against oxidative stress by improving the activity of certain antioxidative enzymes (T-SOD, GSH-Px and CAT). Additionally, dietary SCFAs could enhance mucosal and humoral immune responses by improving certain innate immune parameters in serum and skin mucus productions (IgM, ACH50 and T-SOD). Furthermore, dietary BDSA and BDSP could up-regulate the expression of immune related genes (TNF-α, TGF-β and IL-8) and tight junction protein genes (occludin and ZO-1). Dietary BDSB could also elevate the expression of IL-8, TGF-β, ZO-1 and Occludin in the midgut. Although dietary differences of SCFAs didn't alter the α-diversity of the intestinal flora, they altered the core microbiota. Finally, the challenge trial showed that dietary basal diet supplementation with SCFAs could protect zebrafish against Aeromonas hydrophila. These results suggest that dietary SCFAs could improve innate immunity, modulate gut microbiota and increase disease resistance in the host, which indicated the potential of SCFAs as immunostimulants in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shipo Li
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xing Heng
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Liyun Guo
- Nanjing Institute of Fisheries Science, Nanjing, 210036, China
| | - Duncan James Lessing
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Weihua Chu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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38
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Petit J, Wiegertjes GF. Conservation of members of the free fatty acid receptor gene family in common carp. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 126:104240. [PMID: 34461159 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2021.104240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence supports the crucial role intestinal microbiota and their metabolites play in the homeostasis of organisms. An important class of metabolites that have been shown to affect the immune system are short chain fatty acids (SCFAs). These SCFAs can affect the host cells via passive diffusion or via ligation to receptors, among others G-protein coupled receptor (GPR) 41 and 43. GPR41 and GPR43 are both part of a family of GPR40-related receptors. Mammalian studies have shown an important role for GPR41 and GPR43 in the modulation of immune responses by SCFAs. However, up till date, no validated coding sequences for orthologues of these SCFA receptors have been published for teleost fish. We used genomic resources and cDNA cloning, to identify and validate ten coding sequences for gpr40L genes in common carp. Phylogenetic analysis showed a division into three subclasses, putatively named class a, b and c, and showed the common carp genes had a closer phylogenetic relationship to mammalian GPR43 than to mammalian GPR41. Synteny analysis revealed a clear conservation of syntenic relationships between gpr40L in the genomes of spotted gar and common carp with the relevant region in the human genome. This conservation of synteny validates the genes identified, as gpr40L. Finally, presence of gpr40L genes was investigated in silico for genomes of 25 different, mostly teleost, fish species largely confirming the observations for gpr40L of common carp with regards to both, subdivision in three subclasses a-c and conservation of synteny. Our data provide an important first step towards an understanding of the role and function of receptors for SCFAs and immunomodulation in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jules Petit
- Aquaculture and Fisheries Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, PO Box 338, 6700, AH, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Geert F Wiegertjes
- Aquaculture and Fisheries Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University and Research, PO Box 338, 6700, AH, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
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39
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Ding L, Luo K, Feng CG, Oehlers SH. Pidotimod increases inflammation in wounded zebrafish embryos. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 120:429-433. [PMID: 34922016 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pidotimod (PDT) is a synthetic dipeptide molecule which can improve immune responses in mice and humans, protecting hosts from infection. However, the exact mechanism of protection remains ill-defined. The effect of pidotimod has not yet been investigated in the inflammatory response of zebrafish. In this study, we used tail wound and infection models of zebrafish to study the effect of PDT on inflammation. We found that zebrafish larvae were sensitive to PDT immersion causing toxicity at doses above 50 μg/mL. The tail wound assay showed that PDT increased the recruitment of neutrophils and macrophages to the wound site and promoted the transcription of the pro-inflammatory cytokine il1b. However, we did not observe protection of uropathogenic Escherichia coli or Mycobacterium marinum infected zebrafish larvae following PDT treatment. This study provides a new platform for PDT research, which is worthy of further research to identify further effects of PDT therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ding
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China; School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, 20006, Australia; Tuberculosis Research Program at the Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia.
| | - Kaiming Luo
- Tuberculosis Research Program at the Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia.
| | - Carl G Feng
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, 20006, Australia; Tuberculosis Research Program at the Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia.
| | - Stefan H Oehlers
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, 20006, Australia; Tuberculosis Research Program at the Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia.
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40
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Microbiota-brain interactions: Moving toward mechanisms in model organisms. Neuron 2021; 109:3930-3953. [PMID: 34653349 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2021.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Changes in the microbiota are associated with alterations in nervous system structure-function and behavior and have been implicated in the etiology of neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. Most of these studies have centered on mammalian models due to their phylogenetic proximity to humans. Indeed, the germ-free mouse has been a particularly useful model organism for investigating microbiota-brain interactions. However, microbiota-brain axis research on simpler genetic model organisms with a vast and diverse scientific toolkit (zebrafish, Drosophila melanogaster, and Caenorhabditis elegans) is now also coming of age. In this review, we summarize the current state of microbiota-brain axis research in rodents and humans, and then we elaborate and discuss recent research on the neurobiological and behavioral effects of the microbiota in the model systems of fish, flies, and worms. We propose that a cross-species, holistic and mechanistic approach to unravel the microbiota-brain communication is an essential step toward rational microbiota-based therapeutics to combat brain disorders.
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41
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Glucose inhibits haemostasis and accelerates diet-induced hyperlipidaemia in zebrafish larvae. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19049. [PMID: 34561530 PMCID: PMC8463691 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98566-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycaemia damages the microvasculature in part through the reduced recruitment of immune cells and interference with platelet signalling, leading to poor wound healing and accelerated lipid deposition in mammals. We investigated the utility of zebrafish larvae to model the effect of exogenous glucose on neutrophil and macrophage recruitment to a tail wound, wound-induced haemostasis, and chicken egg yolk feed challenge-induced hyperlipidaemia by supplementing larvae with exogenous glucose by immersion or injection. Neither method of glucose supplementation affected the recruitment of neutrophils and macrophages following tail transection. Glucose injection reduced thrombocyte retention and fibrin plug formation while only thrombocyte retention was reduced by glucose immersion following tail transection. We observed accelerated lipid accumulation in glucose-injected larvae challenged with high fat chicken egg yolk feeding. Our study identifies conserved and divergent effects of high glucose on inflammation, haemostasis, and hyperlipidaemia in zebrafish larvae compared to mammals.
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42
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Metzler-Zebeli BU, Klinsoda J, Vötterl J, Sharma S, Koger S, Sener-Aydemir A. Short-, medium-, and long-chain fatty acid profiles and signaling is responsive to dietary phytase and lactic acid treatment of cereals along the gastrointestinal tract of growing pigs. J Anim Sci 2021; 99:6231813. [PMID: 33864091 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skab117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary and microbially derived fatty acids (FA) play important roles in gut mucosal inflammatory signaling, barrier function, and oxidative stress response. Nevertheless, little information is available about gastrointestinal FA profiles and receptor distribution in pigs, especially for long-chain FA (LCFA). Therefore, the present pilot study aimed to (1) investigate the gastrointestinal FA profiles; (2) link the luminal FA profiles to the mucosal expression of genes related to FA sensing and signaling; and (3) assess potential dietary effects on gut and systemic lipid metabolism in pigs. Gut, liver, and serum samples were obtained from barrows (13.1 ± 2.3 kg) fed diets containing either phytase (500 phytase units/kg diet) or cereals treated with 2.5% lactic acid (LA; n = 8/diet) for 18 d. Results showed gut regional and diet-related differences in luminal FA profiles and mucosal receptor expression, whereas diet little affected hepatic expression levels and serum lipids. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) increased from stomach, jejunum, and ileum to the cecum (P < 0.05), whereas LCFA were higher in stomach, cecum, and colon than in jejunum and ileum (P < 0.05). LA-treated cereals enhanced cecal acetate and butyrate, whereas phytase and LA treated cereals decreased the LCFA by 35.9% and 14.4%, respectively (P < 0.05). Gut regional differences suggested stronger signaling via FFAR1 expression in the ileum, and via FFAR2, FFAR4, and HCAR1 expression in cecum and colon (P < 0.05). Expression of AMPK, FASN, PPARG, SREBP1, and SREBP2 was higher in the cecum and colon compared with the small intestine (P < 0.05), with stronger sensing via FASN and SREBP2. Phytase decreased expression of FFAR2 and FFAR4, whereas it increased that of FFAR3 and MCT1 in the cecum (P < 0.05). LA-treated cereals raised cecal expression of FFAR3 and HCAR1 (P < 0.05). Pearson's correlations (|r| > 0.35; P < 0.05) supported that FA receptor- and nuclear transcription factor-dependent pathways were involved in the mucosal regulation of gut incretin expression but differed across gut regions. In conclusion, results support regional differences in SCFA, lactate and LCFA sensing and absorption capacities in the small and large intestines of pigs. Effects of phytase and the LA-treated cereals on intestinal FA levels and signaling can be explained by differences in nutrient flows (e.g., phosphorus and carbohydrate fractions). This overview provides a solid basis for future intestinal FA sensing in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara U Metzler-Zebeli
- Unit Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jutamat Klinsoda
- Unit Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Food Research and Product Development, University of Kasetsart, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Julia Vötterl
- Unit Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Suchitra Sharma
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Functional Plant Compounds, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Simone Koger
- Institute of Food Research and Product Development, University of Kasetsart, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Arife Sener-Aydemir
- Institute of Food Research and Product Development, University of Kasetsart, Bangkok, Thailand
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Orso G, Solovyev MM, Facchiano S, Tyrikova E, Sateriale D, Kashinskaya E, Pagliarulo C, Hoseinifar HS, Simonov E, Varricchio E, Paolucci M, Imperatore R. Chestnut Shell Tannins: Effects on Intestinal Inflammation and Dysbiosis in Zebrafish. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11061538. [PMID: 34070355 PMCID: PMC8228309 DOI: 10.3390/ani11061538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary With the increase in global population the production of animal proteins becomes increasingly crucial. Aquaculture is the first animal protein supply industry for human consumption. Intensive farming techniques are employed to increase productivity, but these may cause stressful conditions for fish, resulting in impaired growth and poor health conditions. Intestinal inflammation is one of the most common diseases of fish in intensive farming. Intestinal inflammation is usually accompanied by an alteration of the microbiota or dysbiosis. Inflammation and dysbiosis are so tightly intertwined that inflammation may contribute to or result from dysregulation of gut microbiota. Natural substances of plant origin rich in bioactive molecules or more simply phytochemicals, have been proved to be able to reduce inflammation and improve the general health status in various commercially relevant species. In this study, we evaluated the effect of tannins, a class of polyphenols, the most abundant phytochemicals, on intestinal inflammation and microbiota in zebrafish (Danio rerio), a small freshwater fish become an attractive biomedicine and aquaculture animal model during the last decades. The zebrafish has been employed in a vast array of studies aiming at investigating the essential processes underlying intestinal inflammation and injury due to its conservative gut morphology and functions. In this study, we administered a diet enriched with chestnut shell extract rich in tannins to a zebrafish model of intestinal inflammation. The treatment ameliorated the damaged intestinal morphophysiology and the microbiota asset. Our results sustain that products of natural origin with low environmental impact and low cost, such as tannins, may help to ease some of the critical issues affecting the aquaculture sector. Abstract The aim of the present study was to test the possible ameliorative efficacy of phytochemicals such as tannins on intestinal inflammation and dysbiosis. The effect of a chestnut shell (Castanea sativa) extract (CSE) rich in polyphenols, mainly represented by tannins, on k-carrageenan-induced intestinal inflammation in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) was tested in a feeding trial. Intestinal inflammation was induced by 0.1% k-carrageenan added to the diet for 10 days. CSE was administered for 10 days after k-carrageenan induced inflammation. The intestinal morphology and histopathology, cytokine expression, and microbiota were analyzed. The k-carrageenan treatment led to gut lumen expansion, reduction of intestinal folds, and increase of the goblet cells number, accompanied by the upregulation of pro-inflammatory factors (TNFα, COX2) and alteration in the number and ratio of taxonomic groups of bacteria. CSE counteracted the inflammatory status enhancing the growth of health helpful bacteria (Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas), decreasing the pro-inflammatory factors, and activating the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. In conclusion, CSE acted as a prebiotic on zebrafish gut microbiota, sustaining the use of tannins as food additives to ameliorate the intestinal inflammation. Our results may be relevant for both aquaculture and medical clinic fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graziella Orso
- Department of Science and Technology (DST), University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy; (G.O.); (S.F.); (D.S.); (C.P.); (E.V.); (R.I.)
| | - Mikhail M. Solovyev
- Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch of RAS, 630091 Novosibirsk, Russia; (M.M.S.); (E.T.); (E.K.)
- Biological Institute, Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Serena Facchiano
- Department of Science and Technology (DST), University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy; (G.O.); (S.F.); (D.S.); (C.P.); (E.V.); (R.I.)
| | - Evgeniia Tyrikova
- Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch of RAS, 630091 Novosibirsk, Russia; (M.M.S.); (E.T.); (E.K.)
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 630091 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Daniela Sateriale
- Department of Science and Technology (DST), University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy; (G.O.); (S.F.); (D.S.); (C.P.); (E.V.); (R.I.)
| | - Elena Kashinskaya
- Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch of RAS, 630091 Novosibirsk, Russia; (M.M.S.); (E.T.); (E.K.)
| | - Caterina Pagliarulo
- Department of Science and Technology (DST), University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy; (G.O.); (S.F.); (D.S.); (C.P.); (E.V.); (R.I.)
| | - Hossein S. Hoseinifar
- Department of Fisheries, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, 49138-15739 Gorgan, Iran;
| | - Evgeniy Simonov
- Institute of Environmental and Agricultural Biology (X-BIO), University of Tyumen, 625003 Tyumen, Russia;
| | - Ettore Varricchio
- Department of Science and Technology (DST), University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy; (G.O.); (S.F.); (D.S.); (C.P.); (E.V.); (R.I.)
| | - Marina Paolucci
- Department of Science and Technology (DST), University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy; (G.O.); (S.F.); (D.S.); (C.P.); (E.V.); (R.I.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Roberta Imperatore
- Department of Science and Technology (DST), University of Sannio, 82100 Benevento, Italy; (G.O.); (S.F.); (D.S.); (C.P.); (E.V.); (R.I.)
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Xie Y, Meijer AH, Schaaf MJM. Modeling Inflammation in Zebrafish for the Development of Anti-inflammatory Drugs. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:620984. [PMID: 33520995 PMCID: PMC7843790 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.620984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of the inflammatory response in humans can lead to various inflammatory diseases, like asthma and rheumatoid arthritis. The innate branch of the immune system, including macrophage and neutrophil functions, plays a critical role in all inflammatory diseases. This part of the immune system is well-conserved between humans and the zebrafish, which has emerged as a powerful animal model for inflammation, because it offers the possibility to image and study inflammatory responses in vivo at the early life stages. This review focuses on different inflammation models established in zebrafish, and how they are being used for the development of novel anti-inflammatory drugs. The most commonly used model is the tail fin amputation model, in which part of the tail fin of a zebrafish larva is clipped. This model has been used to study fundamental aspects of the inflammatory response, like the role of specific signaling pathways, the migration of leukocytes, and the interaction between different immune cells, and has also been used to screen libraries of natural compounds, approved drugs, and well-characterized pathway inhibitors. In other models the inflammation is induced by chemical treatment, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), leukotriene B4 (LTB4), and copper, and some chemical-induced models, such as treatment with trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS), specifically model inflammation in the gastro-intestinal tract. Two mutant zebrafish lines, carrying a mutation in the hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor 1a gene (hai1a) and the cdp-diacylglycerolinositol 3-phosphatidyltransferase (cdipt) gene, show an inflammatory phenotype, and they provide interesting model systems for studying inflammation. These zebrafish inflammation models are often used to study the anti-inflammatory effects of glucocorticoids, to increase our understanding of the mechanism of action of this class of drugs and to develop novel glucocorticoid drugs. In this review, an overview is provided of the available inflammation models in zebrafish, and how they are used to unravel molecular mechanisms underlying the inflammatory response and to screen for novel anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Xie
- Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
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Morales Fénero C, Amaral MA, Xavier IK, Padovani BN, Paredes LC, Takiishi T, Lopes-Ferreira M, Lima C, Colombo A, Saraiva Câmara NO. Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) improves TNBS-induced colitis in zebrafish. CURRENT RESEARCH IN IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 2:142-154. [PMID: 35492385 PMCID: PMC9040093 DOI: 10.1016/j.crimmu.2021.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Camila Morales Fénero
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Corresponding author.
| | | | - Izabella Karina Xavier
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Barbara Nunes Padovani
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lais Cavalieri Paredes
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Takiishi
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Medical Faculty, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mônica Lopes-Ferreira
- Center of Toxins, Immune Response and Cellular Signalling (CeTICS), Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carla Lima
- Center of Toxins, Immune Response and Cellular Signalling (CeTICS), Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alicia Colombo
- Department of Pathologic Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Niels Olsen Saraiva Câmara
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology Division, Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil
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Morris S, Wright K, Malyla V, Britton WJ, Hansbro PM, Manuneedhi Cholan P, Oehlers SH. Exposure to the gut microbiota from cigarette smoke-exposed mice exacerbates cigarette smoke extract-induced inflammation in zebrafish larvae. CURRENT RESEARCH IN IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 2:229-236. [PMID: 35492390 PMCID: PMC9040087 DOI: 10.1016/j.crimmu.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke (CS)-induced inflammation leads to a range of diseases including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cancer. The gut microbiota is a major modifying environmental factor that determine the severity of cigarette smoke-induced pathology. Microbiomes and metabolites from CS-exposed mice exacerbate lung inflammation via the gut-lung axis of shared mucosal immunity in mice but these systems are expensive to establish and analyse. Zebrafish embryos and larvae have been used to model the effects of cigarette smoking on a range of physiological processes and offer an amenable platform for screening modifiers of cigarette smoke-induced pathologies with key features of low cost and rapid visual readouts. Here we exposed zebrafish larvae to cigarette smoke extract (CSE) and characterised a CSE-induced leukocytic inflammatory phenotype with increased neutrophilic and macrophage inflammation in the gut. The CSE-induced phenotype was exacerbated by co-exposure to microbiota from the faeces of CS-exposed mice, but not control mice. Microbiota could be recovered from the gut of zebrafish and studied in isolation in a screening setting. This demonstrates the utility of the zebrafish-CSE exposure platform for identifying environmental modifiers of cigarette smoking-associated pathology and demonstrates that the CS-exposed mouse gut microbiota potentiates the inflammatory effects of CSE across host species. Zebrafish larvae develop gut inflammation in response to cigarette smoke exposure. The zebrafish larval cigarette smoke-induced inflammatory response is dose dependent. Microbiota from smoking mice potentiates smoke-induced inflammation in zebrafish.
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