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Deng J, Fang Y, Wang Q, Tian Y, Wang S, Yang Y, Yang D, Li S. Meta-analysis of KAP toward COVID-19 in Chinese residents. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1279293. [PMID: 38496394 PMCID: PMC10944655 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1279293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background During the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, there have been many studies on knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) toward prevention of COVID-19 infection in China. Except for symptomatic treatment and vaccination, KAP toward COVID-19 plays an important role in the prevention of COVID-19. There is no systematic evaluation and meta-analysis of KAP toward COVID-19 in China. This study is the earliest meta-analysis of KAP toward COVID-19 in China's general population. Hence, this systematic review aimed to summarize the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of Chinese residents toward COVID-19 during the pandemic. Methodology Following the PRISMA guidelines, articles relevant to COVID-19 KAP that were conducted among the Chinese population were found in databases such as Scopus, ProQuest, PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China Biology Medicine, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, CQVIP, Wanfang and Google Scholar. A random-effect meta-analysis is used to summarize studies on knowledge, attitudes, and practice levels toward COVID-19 infection in China's general population. Results Fifty-seven articles published between August 2020 and November 2022 were included in this review. Overall, 75% (95% CI: 72-79%) of Chinese residents had good knowledge about COVID-19, 80% (95% CI: 73-87%) of Chinese residents had a positive attitude toward COVID-19 pandemic control and prevention (they believe that Chinese people will win the battle against the epidemic), and the aggregated proportion of residents with a correct practice toward COVID-19 was 84% (95% CI: 82-87%, I2 = 99.7%).In the gender subgroup analysis, there is no significant difference between Chinese men and Chinese women in terms of their understanding of COVID-19. However, Chinese women tend to have slightly higher levels of knowledge and a more positive attitude toward the virus compared to Chinese men. When considering the urban and rural subgroup analysis, it was found that Chinese urban residents have a better understanding of COVID-19 compared to Chinese rural residents. Interestingly, the rural population displayed higher rates of correct behavior and positive attitudes toward COVID-19 compared to the urban population. Furthermore, in the subgroup analysis based on different regions in China, the eastern, central, and southwestern regions exhibited higher levels of knowledge awareness compared to other regions. It is worth noting that all regions in China demonstrated good rates of correct behavior and positive attitudes toward COVID-19. Conclusion This study reviews the level of KAP toward COVID-19 during the pandemic period in China. The results show that the KAP toward COVID-19 in Chinese residents was above a favorable level, but the lack of translation of knowledge into practice should be further reflected on and improved. A subgroup analysis suggests that certain groups need more attention, such as males and people living in rural areas. Policy makers should pay attention to the results of this study and use them as a reference for the development of prevention and control strategies for major public health events that may occur in the future. Systematic Review Registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=348246, CRD42022348246.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Deng
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Fang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - QiaoLing Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanyan Tian
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shumin Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuting Yang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dongdong Yang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Songzhe Li
- Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation College of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
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Chau NM, Van Anh Nguyen T, To MN, Ghanem AS, Szőllősi G, Móré M, Nagy AC. Association Between Influenza Vaccine Uptake and Health Awareness: A Cross-Sectional Questionnaire-Based Study Among Medical Students and Healthcare Workers in Northern Vietnam. Med Sci Monit 2024; 30:e941406. [PMID: 38163948 PMCID: PMC10771011 DOI: 10.12659/msm.941406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Seasonal influenza poses a significant global health concern. Despite the proven effectiveness of the influenza vaccine, its uptake remains low in Vietnam. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of medical students and healthcare workers on influenza vaccine uptake in northern Vietnam. MATERIAL AND METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 585 participants from northern Vietnam institutions through an anonymous online survey via Google form from June to August 2022. The cut-off for a high level of knowledge and a positive attitude was set at 70% for each variable. Bivariate analysis was conducted to establish associations. Multiple binary logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with knowledge, attitude, and practice. RESULTS Among the participants, 463 (79.15%) were women, 354 (60.51%) were below 25 years old, 426 (72.82%) were of "Kinh" ethnicity, and 454 (77.61%) were single. Only 237 (40.51%) were vaccinated. Good knowledge and attitude were reported by 36.58% and 42.39% of the participants, respectively. Having a high level of knowledge was found positively associated with having a positive attitude (odds ratio 2.11 [1.48-3.01]). Kinh ethnicity was positively associated with knowledge (1.67 [1.12-2.49]) and attitude (1.97 [1.32-2.94]). Female participants displayed a more positive attitude (2.08 [1.33-3.25]). Several factors influenced the uptake, such as being single (2.07 [1.19-3.59]), being a medical doctor (2.34 [1.09-5.06]), and being advised by a healthcare provider (2.96 [2.00-4.37]). CONCLUSIONS A noticeable gap in knowledge and attitude related to influenza vaccine uptake was found among the target population. Tailored interventions are necessary to improve vaccination coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Minh Chau
- Department of Health Informatics, Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Thi Van Anh Nguyen
- Department of Health Informatics, Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Minh Nguyet To
- School of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Amr Sayed Ghanem
- Department of Health Informatics, Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gergő Szőllősi
- Department of Health Informatics, Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Marianna Móré
- Institute of Social and Sociological Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Attila Csaba Nagy
- Department of Health Informatics, Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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Jones M, Quenby S, Odendaal J. History Repeats Itself: The Relevance of Historical Pandemics to the Medical School Curriculum. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL EDUCATION AND CURRICULAR DEVELOPMENT 2023; 10:23821205231210629. [PMID: 37953879 PMCID: PMC10637147 DOI: 10.1177/23821205231210629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Introduction The dramatic global impact of the coronavirus pandemic has increased consideration on epidemiological progressions of pandemics. Measures implemented to reduce viral transmission have been largely historical, comparable in nature with the 1918 and 2009 influenza pandemics, demonstrating the importance of clinicians' awareness on historical pandemics. Despite this, literature suggests medical students' knowledge on previous pandemics is poor. Objectives This study aims to gather stakeholder information from UK medical students on the importance of including the history of pandemics in the medical school curriculum. Methods A cross-sectional cohort study conducted via a mixed question type online survey was distributed to all UK medical schools to explore stakeholder views. Grounded theory emergent coding was used to generate themes to free-text answers and SPSS and Excel were used to analyse quantitative data using pivot tables and Fishers exact tests. Results Two hundred and forty-one students consented to take part from eight medical schools in the UK with 98% of these students completing the questionnaire. 34% of students reported having teaching on pandemics with 78% of students stating it would be beneficial. Knowledge was poor with 5.7% of students achieving 100% on knowledge-based questions. 72% of students believed that learning about the history of medicine would be beneficial with 87% of these students referring to 'benefiting (the) future' in their answers. Additionally, 79% of students thought it would be beneficial to learn about historical pandemics with reference to the current COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion To date, this is the only UK based study assessing stakeholders' views on including the history of pandemics in the medical school curriculum. Our findings demonstrate that medical students wish to have more historical content included in their degree to better prepare tomorrow's doctors for situations that may occur when history repeats itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jones
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Clinical Sciences Research Laboratories, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
- University Hospitals Coventry & Warwickshire, Coventry, UK
| | - S Quenby
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Clinical Sciences Research Laboratories, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
- University Hospitals Coventry & Warwickshire, Coventry, UK
| | - J Odendaal
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Clinical Sciences Research Laboratories, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
- University Hospitals Coventry & Warwickshire, Coventry, UK
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Wang Y, Wu G, Jiang Y, Zou F, Gan L, Luo Q, Wu X, Tang X. Does COVID-19 have an impact on influenza vaccine knowledge, attitude and practice among medical students: a 2-year prospective cohort study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e055945. [PMID: 36109037 PMCID: PMC9478856 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the main factors affecting the knowledge, attitude and practice about influenza and influenza vaccine as well as the intention to receive influenza vaccination among the same group of medical students before (2019) and after (2021) the COVID-19 outbreak. DESIGN A population-based prospective cohort study. SETTING A longitudinal cohort study of a selected medical school in Chongqing, China, which ran from 2019 to 2021. PARTICIPANTS A total of 803 medical students participated in the study in 2019 and only 484 students responded in 2021. The response rate for our survey was only 60.27% due to graduation, emails being abandoned, etc. RESULTS: The influenza vaccination rate of students at this medical school was 6.7% in 2019, compared with 25.8% in 2021. The awareness rate of medical students about influenza and influenza vaccine was 82.8% in 2019 and 86% in 2021, and there was no significantly statistical difference between the 2 years (p=0.134); the number of medical students with supportive attitude towards influenza vaccine was 95.1% in 2019 and 97.1% in 2021, and there was no statistically significant difference between the 2 years (p=0.078); the number of students who actively learnt about knowledge related to influenza vaccine rose from 183 (22.8%) in 2019 to 195 (40.3%) in 2021. CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 outbreak prompted an increase in influenza vaccination rates among medical students in Chongqing, with almost all students (96.0%) believing that the spread of COVID-19 promoted their knowledge about influenza and influenza vaccine, and the vast majority (74.8%) believing that the spread of COVID-19 promoted their willingness to receive influenza vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Wang
- School of basic medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guangjie Wu
- School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yueming Jiang
- Clinical 5+3 Integration, The Second Clinical School, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fa Zou
- School of basic medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lin Gan
- School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qinwen Luo
- School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaorong Wu
- School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaojun Tang
- School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Yu Y, Ma YL, Luo S, Wang S, Zhao J, Zhang G, Li L, Li L, Tak-Fai Lau J. Prevalence and factors of influenza vaccination during the COVID-19 pandemic among university students in China. Vaccine 2022; 40:3298-3304. [PMID: 35527061 PMCID: PMC9069347 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.04.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases (e.g., SARS) had increased the uptake of influenza vaccination (IV). It is uncertain whether such was also true for COVID-19. This study hence investigated prevalence of IV behavior/intention prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic and associated cognitive factors. METHODS A self-administered, online, and anonymous cross-sectional survey was conducted among 6,922 university students of five provinces in China during November 1-28, 2020 (response rate: 72.3%). RESULTS Of all the participants, 35.1% self-reported behavioral intention of IV (next 12 months), while 62.9% reported an increased intention of IV due to COVID-19. However, only 4.7% and 2.9% had taken up IV during the 12-month period prior to the outbreak (1/2019-12/2019) and during the COVID-19 outbreak (1-11/2020), respectively. Adjusted for the background factors, the multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that in general the COVID-19 related perceptions (perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, and perceived chance of having another wave of COVID-19 outbreak) were significantly and positively associated the IV behavior (during the COVID-19 outbreak) and intention of IV uptake in the next 12 months. CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 pandemic may have influenced actual behavior and intention of IV uptake among university students during the pandemic. Efforts are warranted to reduce the intention-behavior gap of IV uptake; modification of perceived susceptibility and perceived severity regarding COVID-19 may help. Future longitudinal and intervention studies are needed to confirm the findings of this study and explore other factors affecting IV uptake during the COVID-19 period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiu Yu
- Centre for Health Behaviours Research, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yee-Ling Ma
- Centre for Health Behaviours Research, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sitong Luo
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Suhua Wang
- Graduate School of Baotou Medical College, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Junfeng Zhao
- Department of Psychology, School of Education, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Guohua Zhang
- Department of Psychology, School of Psychiatry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lijuan Li
- School of Public Health, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Liping Li
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Joseph Tak-Fai Lau
- Centre for Health Behaviours Research, JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; School of Psychiatry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
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6
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Voglino G, Barbara A, Dallagiacoma G, Santangelo OE, Provenzano S, Gianfredi V. Do Degree Programs Affect Health Profession Students' Attitudes and Opinions Toward Vaccinations? An Italian Multicenter Study. Saf Health Work 2021; 13:59-65. [PMID: 35936207 PMCID: PMC9346936 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2021.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Healthcare workers' attitudes toward vaccination have been widely described in the literature, but a restricted amount of studies assessed healthcare students' knowledge, attitudes, and opinions on this issue. This study aimed to estimate the influence of a degree course on knowledge and immunization behavior among healthcare students and to compare medical students with students from other health profession degree programs to identify possible differences. Methods A multicenter, cross-sectional study was performed in 2018 in 14 Italian Universities (3,131 students were interviewed). A validated questionnaire was used to assess knowledge, attitudes, and opinions toward vaccinations, with a specific focus on influenza vaccine and attitudes toward mandatory vaccination policies. Statistical software STATA® 14 was used. Results Significant differences were recorded between medical students and other healthcare students. The intention to get vaccinated against influenza during the next season and having been vaccinated in the previous season was higher in the medical group (p < 0.001). In the group of students of other health professions, we registered a lower probability of identifying themselves as a high-risk group for contracting infectious diseases as a consequence of their profession and health status (aOR 0.49; CI95%: 0.40–0.60) and an increased likelihood of defining their level of knowledge on vaccine-preventable diseases and related vaccinations as “insufficient/sufficient/fair” (aOR 1.31; CI95%: 1.11–1.56). Conclusions Results show several differences between medical students and students of other health professions when it comes to vaccination knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions, as well as a general low tendency to be vaccinated against influenza.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Barbara
- Section of Hygiene – Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
- Corresponding author. Section of Hygiene – Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito, 1 00168 Roma, Italy.
| | - Giulia Dallagiacoma
- Post-Graduate School of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Omar Enzo Santangelo
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal-Infant, Internal Medicine and Specialization of Excellence “G. D'Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Sandro Provenzano
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal-Infant, Internal Medicine and Specialization of Excellence “G. D'Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Vincenza Gianfredi
- Post-Graduate School of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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Saro-Buendía M, Marrero-Sánchez Á, García-Ruiz de Morales D, Chiara-Graciani G, Coderch-Carretero J, Pérez-Jacoiste Asín MA, Silva JT, Fernández-Ruiz M, Arrazola P, Aguado JM, López-Medrano F. Implementation of a program to improve influenza vaccination rates among medical students: a comparative study involving two university affiliated hospitals. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2021; 17:3662-3669. [PMID: 34129422 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2021.1920269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives: Influenza vaccination rates among medical students (MSs) are below the standards recommended in hospitals where influenza vaccination is not mandatory. We carried out a comparative study in two Spanish university hospitals to reassert this fact and evaluated the impact on vaccination rates of a specific program aimed at promoting influenza vaccination among MSs.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed describing influenza vaccination rates and motivations for vaccination during the 2017/18 campaign among MSs in two hospitals affiliated to the same university. We subsequently performed a community-based intervention study during the 2018/19 campaign evaluating the impact of a strategy for promoting influenza vaccination, comparing the hospital where the intervention took place (hospital A) with the one where it did not take place (hospital B).Results: During de 2017/18 campaign the overall influenza vaccination rate was 44.8%, with no differences between hospitals A and B (difference: 3.9%; 95% CI: -4.36-12.16; p-value = .4). During the 2018/19 campaign, vaccination rate increased to 76.4% in hospital A, with significant differences compared with the previous campaign in the same hospital (29.8%; OR 5.00; 95% CI: 3.14-8.3; p-value = .0001) and with that observed in hospital B in the same campaign (21.1%; 95% CI: 13.38-28.82; p-value <.001).Conclusions: Influenza vaccination rates among MSs in two Spanish university affiliated hospitals were below the recommended standards. A new reproducible strategy for promoting influenza vaccination with a specific approach toward MSs achieved a significant improvement in vaccination rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Saro-Buendía
- School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, University Hospital, "12 de Octubre", Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel Marrero-Sánchez
- School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, University Hospital, "12 de Octubre", Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Jaime Coderch-Carretero
- School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, General University Hospital "Gregorio Marañón", Madrid, Spain
| | - María Asunción Pérez-Jacoiste Asín
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital "12 de Octubre", Instituto de Investigación Hospital "12 de Octubre" (Imas12), School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Tiago Silva
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital "12 de Octubre", Instituto de Investigación Hospital "12 de Octubre" (Imas12), School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mario Fernández-Ruiz
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital "12 de Octubre", Instituto de Investigación Hospital "12 de Octubre" (Imas12), School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Arrazola
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University Hospital "12 de Octubre" Instituto de Investigación Hospital "12 de Octubre" (Imas12), School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - José María Aguado
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital "12 de Octubre", Instituto de Investigación Hospital "12 de Octubre" (Imas12), School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco López-Medrano
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital "12 de Octubre", Instituto de Investigación Hospital "12 de Octubre" (Imas12), School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
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8
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Barriers Associated with the Uptake Ratio of Seasonal Flu Vaccine and Ways to Improve Influenza Vaccination Coverage among Young Health Care Workers in Poland. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9050530. [PMID: 34065371 PMCID: PMC8161323 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9050530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite not being full-time health care workers, annual flu vaccination is nevertheless an important consideration for medical students. This study examined the reasons for refusing flu vaccination among medical students, a group characterized by low vaccination coverage, despite the fact that the flu vaccine is arguably the most effective way of preventing serious flu complications. A cross-sectional survey was performed of 1313 students at the Medical University of Lodz. The findings indicate that the main sites of vaccination were primary care centers, and main source of information about influenza vaccination (about 90% of cases) was the general practitioner (GP). The most common motivations for vaccination were a recommendation by the family doctor or the belief that it was an important factor for protection against influenza. Most students reported various adverse effects after vaccination, usually mild pain at the site of vaccination, malaise, or fever. The main reasons for rejecting influenza vaccination were the apparent low risk of disease, the need for annual vaccination, the need to pay for it, lack of time or opportunity, lack of vaccination promotion, negative attitudes toward the flu vaccine, or the belief that there are other methods of preventing flu. To increase long-term vaccine acceptance and increase the vaccination rate among medical students and qualified health care workers, there is a need to adapt the health system and to initiate ongoing promotion programs at university to raise consciousness, promote vaccinations, and develop clinical skills for immunization.
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9
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Jiang M, Feng L, Wang W, Gong Y, Ming WK, Hayat K, Li P, Gillani AH, Yao X, Fang Y. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards influenza among Chinese adults during the epidemic of COVID-19: a cross-sectional online survey. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2021; 17:1412-1419. [PMID: 33222609 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2020.1812312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) broke out during the peak season of influenza in China. We aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of influenza among Chinese adults during this special season. A cross-sectional online questionnaire survey was performed by recruiting 4822 participants. There were 76.09% of the participants reporting that they learned more knowledge of influenza during the COVID-19 epidemic. The mean knowledge score of participants was 5.51 ± 1.55 (78.7% correct rate), and participants who received influenza vaccination in the past year scored the highest (6.06 ± 1.30, p< .001). Nearly half of the participants (49.63%) agreed the threat to the functioning of society by influenza was far less than the COVID-19. 73.04% of the participants knew influenza vaccination was the most effective way to prevent influenza infection, while 54.18% did not know the vaccination location. The proportion of participants who were willing to get vaccinated would increase from 62.53% to 85.82% if clinicians recommended the vaccination. For influenza-like illness, merely 36.11% of participants would seek medical care from the hospital, and 60.53% agreed or showed a neutral attitude toward antibiotic use for influenza treatment. Regression analyses showed that the medical profession and history of influenza vaccination were both associated with higher knowledge or attitude score and participants' use of face masks in previous seasons and their willingness to receive influenza vaccination. In conclusion, the awareness of influenza vaccination among adults in China should be reinforced and educational campaigns were warranted to increase the coverage of influenza vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghuan Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Center for Drug Safety and Policy Research, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Center for Health Reform and Development Research, Xi'an, China.,Research Institute for Drug Safety and Monitoring, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbor, Xi'an, China
| | - Liuxin Feng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Weihua Wang
- Department of Non-communicable Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an, China
| | - Yilin Gong
- Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Center for Drug Safety and Policy Research, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Center for Health Reform and Development Research, Xi'an, China.,Research Institute for Drug Safety and Monitoring, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbor, Xi'an, China
| | - Wai-Kit Ming
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Khezar Hayat
- Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Center for Drug Safety and Policy Research, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Center for Health Reform and Development Research, Xi'an, China.,Research Institute for Drug Safety and Monitoring, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbor, Xi'an, China
| | - Pengchao Li
- Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Center for Drug Safety and Policy Research, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Center for Health Reform and Development Research, Xi'an, China.,Research Institute for Drug Safety and Monitoring, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbor, Xi'an, China
| | - Ali Hassan Gillani
- Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Center for Drug Safety and Policy Research, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Center for Health Reform and Development Research, Xi'an, China.,Research Institute for Drug Safety and Monitoring, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbor, Xi'an, China
| | - Xuelin Yao
- Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yu Fang
- Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Center for Drug Safety and Policy Research, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Shaanxi Center for Health Reform and Development Research, Xi'an, China.,Research Institute for Drug Safety and Monitoring, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Western China Science & Technology Innovation Harbor, Xi'an, China
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10
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Rostkowska OM, Peters A, Montvidas J, Magdas TM, Rensen L, Zgliczyński WS, Durlik M, Pelzer BW. Attitudes and Knowledge of European Medical Students and Early Graduates about Vaccination and Self-Reported Vaccination Coverage-Multinational Cross-Sectional Survey. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:3595. [PMID: 33808446 PMCID: PMC8036942 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18073595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Vaccination is one of the most useful preventive interventions in healthcare. The purpose of our study was to gain overview of the opinions, knowledge, and engagement in vaccination practices among medical students (MS) and junior doctors (JD) in Europe. The survey was distributed from March 2016 until August 2016 via the e-mail and social media of the European Medical Students' Association. In total, 1821 responses from MS and JD from 34 countries in the European region were analysed. The majority of respondents agreed that vaccines are useful (98.7%) and effective (97.2%). Although the necessity of revaccination was supported by 99.2%, only 68.0% of the respondents went through with it. Even though the potential benefit of the flu vaccination seems to be acknowledged by our participants, only 22.1% of MS and JD declared getting the flu shot every or every other season. MS and JD were in favour of specific mandatory vaccination for medical staff (86.0%) and medical students (82.7%). Furthermore, we analysed the self-reported vaccination coverage of our participants regarding 19 vaccines. Of the respondents, 89.5% claimed to provide advice about vaccination to their friends and family. In conclusion, European MS and JD have a very positive attitude towards vaccination. However, their behaviour and knowledge demonstrate certain gaps which should be further addressed in medical education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga M. Rostkowska
- Department of Transplantation Medicine, Nephrology and Internal Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, Nowogrodzka 59, 02-006 Warsaw, Poland;
- European Medical Students’ Association (EMSA), Rue Guimard 15, 1040 Brussels, Belgium; (A.P.); (J.M.); (T.M.M.); (L.R.)
| | - Alexandra Peters
- European Medical Students’ Association (EMSA), Rue Guimard 15, 1040 Brussels, Belgium; (A.P.); (J.M.); (T.M.M.); (L.R.)
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum Porz am Rhein, Urbacher Weg 19, 51149 Cologne, Germany
| | - Jonas Montvidas
- European Medical Students’ Association (EMSA), Rue Guimard 15, 1040 Brussels, Belgium; (A.P.); (J.M.); (T.M.M.); (L.R.)
- LUHS Hospital Kaunas, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A. Mickevičiaus g. 9, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Tudor M. Magdas
- European Medical Students’ Association (EMSA), Rue Guimard 15, 1040 Brussels, Belgium; (A.P.); (J.M.); (T.M.M.); (L.R.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Strada Victor Babeș 8, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Leon Rensen
- European Medical Students’ Association (EMSA), Rue Guimard 15, 1040 Brussels, Belgium; (A.P.); (J.M.); (T.M.M.); (L.R.)
- Leiden University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leiden, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Wojciech S. Zgliczyński
- School of Public Health, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Kleczewska 61/63, 01-826 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Durlik
- Department of Transplantation Medicine, Nephrology and Internal Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, Nowogrodzka 59, 02-006 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Benedikt W. Pelzer
- European Medical Students’ Association (EMSA), Rue Guimard 15, 1040 Brussels, Belgium; (A.P.); (J.M.); (T.M.M.); (L.R.)
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, D-50931 Cologne, Germany
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Chen L, Tang H, Liao S, Hu Y. e-Health Campaigns for Promoting Influenza Vaccination: Examining Effectiveness of Fear Appeal Messages from Different Sources. Telemed J E Health 2020; 27:763-770. [PMID: 33085570 DOI: 10.1089/tmj.2020.0263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In recent years, influenza has become a severe disease and pandemic threat. There are more than 290,000 to 650,000 influenza-related deaths globally each year. Influenza vaccination is the best way to prevent influenza and potentially serious influenza-related complications. The current study aims to examine the effectiveness of fear-induced health campaigns on social media in promoting influenza vaccination with the focus on different sources. Methods: A 2 × 3 × 2 (visible source × receiver source × technological source) factorial online experiment was designed to investigate the effectiveness of fear appeal messages offered by different sources on social media. A total of 534 college students were recruited to participate in the experiment. Results: Individuals who receive messages from a verified visible source have greater intention to perform flu vaccination and seek flu-related information than those who acquire messages from an unverified one. Besides, visible source, receiver source, and technological source interact to affect flu-related information seeking. Conclusions: In addition to the message itself, different levels of message sources on social media should be considered for e-health campaign design, especially visible sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- Department of Communication, School of Communication and Design, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongjie Tang
- Department of Communication, School of Communication and Design, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shenglan Liao
- Department of Communication, School of Communication and Design, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaying Hu
- Department of Communication, School of Communication and Design, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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12
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Kałucka S, Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk E, Grzegorczyk-Karolak I, Głowacka A. A Comparison of the Attitudes to Influenza Vaccination Held by Nursing, Midwifery, Pharmacy, and Public Health Students and Their Knowledge of Viral Infections. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:E516. [PMID: 32916981 PMCID: PMC7565400 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8030516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza is a viral vaccine-preventable disease. The present study aims to explore the attitude to influenza immunization and the knowledge of influenza among students in Poland. A cross-sectional survey was conducted at the end of 2019 and the beginning of 2020 among students of Nursing, Midwifery, Pharmacy, and Public health in all years of study. Data was obtained from 1137 students (90.7% female, 9.3% male), mean age 21.3 ± 1.62 years. The urban students were more likely to be vaccinated against seasonal influenza than rural students (OR: 1.52; 95% CI [1.10-2.10], p = 0.010362). The students of Public health were more likely to be vaccinated against influenza (48.9%, regularly annually 1.1%) than Pharmacy (31%, regularly annually 2.5%), Nursing (30.7%, regularly annually 1.3%) or Midwifery (25.1%, regularly annually 2.4%). First-year and second-year students were vaccinated more often (OR: 2.75; 95% CI [1.99-3.82], p = 0.00000; OR: 1.84; 95% CI [1.32-2.59], p = 0.0004, respectively) than later-year students. All students reported the main reasons for vaccination to be their own protection and parental decision. Concluded, present findings demonstrate a low prevalence of flu vaccination among medical students. Therefore, strategies are needed to increase the uptake of influenza vaccine in students, especially considering the future contact between this group of future health care workers and higher risk groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Kałucka
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland
| | | | | | - Agnieszka Głowacka
- Department of Developmental Nursing and Health Promotion, Medical University of Lodz, 90-251 Lodz, Poland;
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13
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Alhawsawi MM, Alghamdi AA, Alzayed BM, Binmugren HM, Alshehri RA, Abusalih HH. Knowledge, barriers and uptake of influenza vaccine among non-health college students at Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. J Public Health Res 2020; 9:1856. [PMID: 33042898 PMCID: PMC7525666 DOI: 10.4081/jphr.2020.1856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Viral influenza, one of the global public health problems is specifically important in Saudi Arabia due to high susceptibility of transmission in hajj and umrah seasons (Islamic pilgrimage to the Mecca), as it has the ability to spread widely to a large proportion, in addition the disease has a higher rate of complications that might lead to death. Vaccination is an important strategy in prevention of viral influenza. Design and methods: The study aimed to describe the association between uptake of influenza vaccine with knowledge as well as identify the barriers that prevent vaccination among Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University (PNU) non-health colleges students. A descriptive cross-sectional study design was undertaken, including 385 students from non-health colleges using a convenience sampling technique. Data was collected using an Arabic self-administered online questionnaire Analysis done by JMP program. IRB approval as well as informed consent were taken. Results: The uptake of the influenza vaccine was 15.3% in the current year and 56.8% in the previous years. No significant association was found between knowledge, and uptake of the vaccine. For the unvaccinated students, the most common encounter barriers stated by study population were concerns regarding the vaccine effectiveness, reduction of immunity the uncertainty of complete protection in a percentage of 12.0% for all. Conclusions: Although the level of vaccine uptake is low for this year, it is not associated with knowledge. There were some barriers that need to be tackled by health education programs. Significance for public health The identification of the factors that prevent university students from uptake of the influenza vaccine are essential to maximize vaccine uptake as Influenza continues to cause significant morbidity and mortality in whole world, including Saudi Arabia. Studies exploring influenza vaccine coverage for students are considered important in order to find out the misconception and target it by health education program, which ultimately increase the coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malak M Alhawsawi
- Epidemiology Program, College of Health Sciences and Rehabilitation, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amjad A Alghamdi
- Epidemiology Program, College of Health Sciences and Rehabilitation, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Balqees M Alzayed
- Epidemiology Program, College of Health Sciences and Rehabilitation, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hessa M Binmugren
- Epidemiology Program, College of Health Sciences and Rehabilitation, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raghad A Alshehri
- Epidemiology Program, College of Health Sciences and Rehabilitation, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Howeida H Abusalih
- Epidemiology Program, College of Health Sciences and Rehabilitation, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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14
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Cella P, D'Angelo M, Dallagiacoma G, Provenzano S, Santangelo OE, Gianfredi V. Healthcare Students' Flu Vaccine Uptake in the Last 5 Years and Future Vaccination Acceptance: Is There a Possible Association? J Res Health Sci 2020; 20:e00474. [PMID: 32814696 PMCID: PMC7585752 DOI: 10.34172/jrhs.2020.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Despite the free-of-charge offer of influenza vaccines to at-risk subgroups, vaccine coverage remains low and far from the target, probably due to the false myths and misperceptions. We aimed to explore the healthcare students’ vaccination behavior and beliefs to find any association between vaccination uptake during the last 5 years and future vaccination acceptance.
Study design: A multicentre cross-sectional study.
Methods: From Oct 2017 to Nov 2018, the Italian healthcare students from 14 different universities in 2017/2018 were enrolled, through an online and anonymous questionnaire previously validated. Absolute and relative frequencies were calculated and Pearson's Chi-square test was used. A multinomial logistic regression model was performed. Results are expressed as relative Risk Ratio (RR) with 95% Confidence Intervals (95% CI). The level of significance chosen was P-value <0.05.
Results: A total of 3137 students were enrolled and 3131 questionnaires were analysed. 82.7% of the sample declared they had not received any flu vaccination during the last 5 years. Students who received flu vaccination 4 times or more during the last 5 years were more likely to do it again next year as well (95.1% vs 4.9%). The regression model showed that having received flu vaccination over the last 5 years was statistically associated with the intention of getting vaccinated during next season.
Conclusions: Frequency of flu vaccination is predictive for future acceptance among healthcare students. This association could have both implications for the organization of vaccination campaigns and improve educational strategies for this category of students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Cella
- Unit of Clinical Governance, Local Health Authority of Piacenza, Piacenza, Italy
| | | | - Giulia Dallagiacoma
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, via Forlanini, Pavia, Italy
| | - Sandro Provenzano
- Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother and Child Care 'Giuseppe D'Alessandro', University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Omar Enzo Santangelo
- Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother and Child Care 'Giuseppe D'Alessandro', University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Vincenza Gianfredi
- Post-Graduate School of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine. Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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Kawahara Y, Nishiura H. Exploring Influenza Vaccine Uptake and Its Determinants among University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:vaccines8010052. [PMID: 32013015 PMCID: PMC7158679 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8010052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
While vaccination is the only established option to prevent a susceptible host from influenza, we have yet to clarify the decision-making mechanisms of vaccine uptake among Japanese university and college students. We aimed to explore vaccination coverage and the related demographic, sociocultural, and socioeconomic factors among university students. We performed a cross-sectional survey involving 604 students at Hokkaido University. Participants were asked if they received influenza vaccination in advance of the 2018/19 season, and subsequently, their demographic and sociocultural/socioeconomic characteristics were surveyed. We also explored the mechanisms underlying students’ vaccination decisions. Vaccination coverage was estimated at 27.3% (95% confidence interval: 23.7–30.9). Freshmen (p < 0.0001) were significantly associated with choosing vaccination, and their odds ratio of vaccination was 11.3 (95% confidence interval: 6.2–20.7) times greater than students in other years. Among students other than freshmen, students belonging to medicine- and healthcare-related faculties were vaccinated three times more frequently than other students, and the coverage in students from Hokkaido was twice as large as that for students from other prefectures. Moreover, extracurricular activity was a positive predictor of vaccination. Although the coverage was as small as 27.3% among university students, freshmen in Japan have high vaccination coverage, which we believe is associated with the entrance examination during high influenza activity. In addition to exposing students to proper education regarding their risk self-assessment, consciousness raising via appropriate understanding of influenza and its severity and offering vaccination at university health centers at a reasonable cost may promote vaccine acceptance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukako Kawahara
- Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15 Jo Nishi 7 Chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo-shi, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan;
- Hokkaido University Health Center, Kita 16 Jo Nishi 7 Chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo-shi, Hokkaido 060-0816, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nishiura
- Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 15 Jo Nishi 7 Chome, Kita-ku, Sapporo-shi, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-11-706-5066
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16
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Armitage EP, Camara J, Bah S, Forster AS, Clarke E, Kampmann B, de Silva TI. Acceptability of intranasal live attenuated influenza vaccine, influenza knowledge and vaccine intent in The Gambia. Vaccine 2018; 36:1772-1780. [PMID: 29483030 PMCID: PMC5858151 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The burden of influenza is increasingly recognised in Africa. The WHO recommends introducing influenza vaccination to high-risk groups: pregnant women, children <5 years, and the elderly. The Gambia currently has no influenza vaccination policy, but the NASIMMUNE study, a clinical trial of intranasal live attenuated influenza vaccines (LAIV) in young children provided an opportunity to study maternal attitudes towards LAIV for the first time in sub-Saharan Africa. We assess acceptability of LAIV, influenza knowledge and attitudes towards influenza vaccination in Gambian women. Additionally, we investigate predictors of willingness to receive influenza vaccine (intent) in pregnancy or seasonally for children <5. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Gambian women at two urban health facilities. To assess LAIV acceptability, the exposure group (women whose children had received LAIV during the NASIMMUNE study) were compared to a control group (women whose children were not enrolled in the NASIMMUNE study). Demographics and health belief constructs were analysed as predictors of influenza knowledge and vaccine intent. FINDINGS The exposure group (n = 150) expressed a higher preference for a nasal spray vaccine than an injection compared to the control group (n = 304) (93.3% vs. 34.9%, OR = 26.15, p < 0.0001). Those in the exposure group who preferred the nasal spray found it less distressing, safer or equally safe, and easier or equally easy to give (all p < 0.001) than injections. Influenza knowledge increased with education level (p = 0.006 for higher education vs. none), and varied between sites (p = 0.0005). Vaccine intent was >98%, but no association with influenza knowledge or difference between groups was observed. Various health belief constructs were associated with vaccine intent. CONCLUSION LAIV acceptability was higher in those with first-hand experience. Influenza vaccine intent was also high. Incorporation of seasonal LAIV into the childhood immunisation schedule in The Gambia would be feasible, particularly if combined with community-based health education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin P Armitage
- Vaccines and Immunity Theme, Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia, PO Box 273, Banjul, Gambia.
| | - Janko Camara
- Vaccines and Immunity Theme, Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia, PO Box 273, Banjul, Gambia
| | - Sulayman Bah
- Vaccines and Immunity Theme, Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia, PO Box 273, Banjul, Gambia
| | - Alice S Forster
- Research Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Ed Clarke
- Vaccines and Immunity Theme, Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia, PO Box 273, Banjul, Gambia
| | - Beate Kampmann
- Vaccines and Immunity Theme, Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia, PO Box 273, Banjul, Gambia; Centre of International Child Health, Section of Paediatrics, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Thushan I de Silva
- Vaccines and Immunity Theme, Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia, PO Box 273, Banjul, Gambia; Centre of International Child Health, Section of Paediatrics, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London W2 1PG, UK
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Impact of Health Education on Knowledge and Behaviors toward Infectious Diseases among Students in Gansu Province, China. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:6397340. [PMID: 29707573 PMCID: PMC5863350 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6397340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Infectious disease knowledge and behaviors are key elements that ensure student health and safety. This study explores the impact of health education on student knowledge and behaviors toward infectious diseases and determines the factors affecting infectious diseases knowledge and behaviors among students in Gansu, China. Methods A cross-sectional study and three sampling methods were used in two counties, 12 schools, and 32 classes in Gansu, China, from 2012 to 2013. Collected data included the following: (1) sociodemographic characteristics of 2002 students (1001 participants in the intervention group and 1001 in the control group); (2) accuracy of student knowledge and behaviors toward infectious diseases based on comparison of intervention and control groups through X2 test; and (3) mean scores on knowledge and behavior of students with different characteristics toward infectious diseases, as analyzed through analysis of variance (ANOVA). Multiple linear regression was conducted to analyze factors affecting student knowledge and behaviors toward infectious diseases. Results Statistically significant differences were observed among eight items of infectious disease transmission and treatment knowledge between intervention and control groups (P < 0.001). Average accuracies of knowledge and behaviors toward infectious diseases reached 72.23% and 60.03%. Significant differences were observed in six items on student behavior in rural and urban areas (P < 0.001). Health education, household register, and county affected scores of student knowledge and behaviors toward infectious diseases (P < 0.05). Gender and education level also affected scores of student behaviors toward infectious diseases (P < 0.001). Conclusions Health education contributes to student knowledge and behaviors toward infectious diseases. Students in the control group need intensified health education on infectious diseases. Health education needs to pay particular attention to rural students, all male students, and students at senior high school level living on campus.
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Impact of an intervention programme on knowledge, attitudes and practices of population regarding severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in endemic areas of Lu'an, China. Epidemiol Infect 2017; 146:125-136. [DOI: 10.1017/s0950268817002679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
SUMMARYKnowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of the population regarding severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) in endemic areas of Lu'an in China were assessed before and after an intervention programme. The pre-intervention phase was conducted using a sample of 425 participants from the 12 selected villages with the highest rates of endemic SFTS infection. A predesigned interview questionnaire was used to assess KAP. Subsequently, an intervention programme was designed and applied in the selected villages. KAP was re-assessed for each population in the selected villages using the same interview questionnaire. Following 2 months of the programme, 339 participants had completed the re-assessed survey. The impact of the intervention programme was evaluated using suitable statistical methods. A significant increase in the KAP and total KAP scores was noted following the intervention programme, whereas the proportion of correct knowledge, the positive attitudes and the effective practices toward SFTS of respondents increased significantly. The intervention programme was effective in improving KAP level of SFTS in populations that were resident in endemic areas.
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