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Chaudhary FA, Khattak O, Khalid MD, Khattak MU, Khan FH, Khatoon F, Aboras R, Alshammari RF, Iqbal A, Dawasaz AA, Hameed MS, Karobari MI. Changes in complacency to adherence to COVID-19 preventive behavioral measures and mental health after COVID-19 vaccination among medical and dental healthcare professionals. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2369358. [PMID: 38972857 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2369358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Medical and dental professionals should continue to adhere to preventive measures after COVID-19 vaccination due to their increased risk of exposure to the virus, particularly as new variants emerge that may heighten their risk perception and susceptibility. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the effects of COVID-19 vaccination on complacency to adherence to COVID-19 preventive behavioral measures and mental health among medical and dental professionals. In this cross-sectional study 410 medical and dental professionals were recruited from different medical and dental hospitals in Islamabad, Pakistan. The data was collected using a valid and reliable questionnaire comprising of three sections (socio-demographic, information of preventive behaviors performance against COVID-19 after vaccination, mental health status). A chi-square test and ordinal logistic regression were used for analysis. Post COVID-19 vaccination there was decrease in the frequency of use of hand washing, sanitizers (70.2%), and social distancing (60.5%), however greeting with a handshake (58.8%) and use of public transport (45.9%) seen upward trend among participants. Only face mask usage post-vaccination was statistically significant (p < .05) in association with age, marital status, and years of working Experience. The greatest decrease in the usage of masks after COVID-19 vaccination was seen in age group of 10-30 (41.7%) and working experience group of 0-5 years (39.7%). All the preventive behaviors are statistically significant (p < .05) associated with the mental status of the participants except online shopping and use of public transport. These results indicate the presence of vaccination-induced complacency in adherence to COVID-19 preventive behavioral measures among healthcare professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farooq Ahmad Chaudhary
- School of Dentistry, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Osama Khattak
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Muhammad Usman Khattak
- Department of Periodontology, Islamic International Dental College, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Farida Habib Khan
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahmida Khatoon
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rana Aboras
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem Falah Alshammari
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azhar Iqbal
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Azhar Dawasaz
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences and Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Shahul Hameed
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences and Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohmed Isaqali Karobari
- Dental Research Unit, Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
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Geng DC, Innes JL, Wang G. Survive, revive, and thrive: The impact of COVID-19 on global park visitation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 946:174077. [PMID: 38908585 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has had detrimental effects on both the physical and psychological well-being of individuals. Throughout the pandemic and in response to various policies, such as lockdowns, movement restrictions and social distancing measures, parks and greenspaces received renewed attention as people used them to help cope with the adverse effects of the pandemic. This study explored the factors influencing park and greenspace visitation at different stages of the pandemic in 2020, 2021, and 2022, from both global and regional perspectives. Data were collected primarily from Our World in Data, Google's Community Mobility Reports and the Oxford Coronavirus Government Response Tracker, and a total of 125,422 park visits were processed. Stay-at-home mandates, vaccination availability, and school closures were the most influential factors globally affecting park and greenspace visitation in 2020, 2021, and 2022, respectively. Post-2021, vaccination-related policies began to play a significantly positive role in the increase in park and greenspace visits. Following a global analysis, countries were categorized into five clusters based on social, economic, and cultural indices. The analysis revealed varying patterns of factors influencing park visitation across these clusters. Notably, income support policies were positively correlated with higher park visitation, particularly in low-income countries. Recognizing the significance of parks and green spaces as essential green infrastructure, this study suggests how the use of parks might have better coped with the COVID-19 pandemic and how future health crises might be addressed. At the same time, it considers different social, economic, and cultural contexts. Additionally, this work provides insights and suggestions as to how parks and greenspaces might be used to reduce the social inequalities exacerbated during the pandemic, especially in low-income developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dehui Christina Geng
- Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - John L Innes
- Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Guangyu Wang
- Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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Stensrud MJ, Nevo D, Obolski U. Distinguishing Immunologic and Behavioral Effects of Vaccination. Epidemiology 2024; 35:154-163. [PMID: 38180882 DOI: 10.1097/ede.0000000000001699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
The interpretation of vaccine efficacy estimands is subtle, even in randomized trials designed to quantify the immunologic effects of vaccination. In this article, we introduce terminology to distinguish between different vaccine efficacy estimands and clarify their interpretations. This allows us to explicitly consider the immunologic and behavioral effects of vaccination, and establish that policy-relevant estimands can differ substantially from those commonly reported in vaccine trials. We further show that a conventional vaccine trial allows the identification and estimation of different vaccine estimands under plausible conditions if one additional post-treatment variable is measured. Specifically, we utilize a "belief variable" that indicates the treatment an individual believed they had received. The belief variable is similar to "blinding assessment" variables that are occasionally collected in placebo-controlled trials in other fields. We illustrate the relations between the different estimands, and their practical relevance, in numerical examples based on an influenza vaccine trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mats J Stensrud
- From the Department of Mathematics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Nevo
- Department of Statistics and Operations Research, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Uri Obolski
- School of Public Health, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Porter School of the Environment and Earth Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Yamamura E, Tsutsui Y, Ohtake F. Surname order and revaccination intentions during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4750. [PMID: 38413772 PMCID: PMC10899220 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55543-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Teachers in Japanese schools employ alphabetical surname lists that call students sooner, with surnames appearing early on these lists. We conducted Internet surveys nearly every month from March 2020 to September 2022 with the same participants, wherein we asked participants where the alphabetical columns of their childhood and adult surnames were located. We aimed to identify how surname order is important for the formation of noncognitive skills. During the data collection period, the COVID-19 vaccines became available; Japanese people could receive their third dose starting in December 2021. The 19th wave of the survey was conducted in January 2022. Therefore, to examine how a surname's alphabetical order could influence intention to revaccinate, we used a subsample of data from December 2021 to September 2022. The major findings were as follows. Women with early surnames had an approximately 4% stronger likelihood of having such intentions than men with early surnames. Early name order was more strongly correlated with revaccination intention among women than among men. The surname effect for women was larger when a mixed-gender list was used compared with when it was not used. This effect was only observed for childhood surnames and not for adult surnames.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Yamamura
- Department of Economics, Seinan Gakuin University, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Yoshiro Tsutsui
- Faculty of Social Relations, Kyoto Bunkyo University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Fumio Ohtake
- Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research (CiDER), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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Tseng YJ, Olson KL, Bloch D, Mandl KD. Engaging a national-scale cohort of smart thermometer users in participatory surveillance. NPJ Digit Med 2023; 6:175. [PMID: 37730764 PMCID: PMC10511532 DOI: 10.1038/s41746-023-00917-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Participatory surveillance systems crowdsource individual reports to rapidly assess population health phenomena. The value of these systems increases when more people join and persistently contribute. We examine the level of and factors associated with engagement in participatory surveillance among a retrospective, national-scale cohort of individuals using smartphone-connected thermometers with a companion app that allows them to report demographic and symptom information. Between January 1, 2020 and October 29, 2022, 1,325,845 participants took 20,617,435 temperature readings, yielding 3,529,377 episodes of consecutive readings. There were 1,735,805 (49.2%) episodes with self-reported symptoms (including reports of no symptoms). Compared to before the pandemic, participants were more likely to report their symptoms during pandemic waves, especially after the winter wave began (September 13, 2020) (OR across pandemic periods range from 3.0 to 4.0). Further, symptoms were more likely to be reported during febrile episodes (OR = 2.6, 95% CI = 2.6-2.6), and for new participants, during their first episode (OR = 2.4, 95% CI = 2.4-2.5). Compared with participants aged 50-65 years old, participants over 65 years were less likely to report their symptoms (OR = 0.3, 95% CI = 0.3-0.3). Participants in a household with both adults and children (OR = 1.6 [1.6-1.7]) were more likely to report symptoms. We find that the use of smart thermometers with companion apps facilitates the collection of data on a large, national scale, and provides real time insight into transmissible disease phenomena. Nearly half of individuals using these devices are willing to report their symptoms after taking their temperature, although participation varies among individuals and over pandemic stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ju Tseng
- Computational Health Informatics Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Computer Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Karen L Olson
- Computational Health Informatics Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Kenneth D Mandl
- Computational Health Informatics Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Islam MS, Hossain ME, Bekun FV, Sujan MHK. Impact of COVID‐19 on Bangladesh's agriculture sector and the ways forward to recovery: An overview. JOURNAL OF PUBLIC AFFAIRS 2023; 23. [DOI: 10.1002/pa.2862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
The COVID‐19 outbreak has left an indelible effect on Bangladesh's agriculture sector, like that of most developing countries. Considering that agriculture is the cornerstone of Bangladesh's economy, we made an effort to compile a detailed scenario of COVID‐19's effect on it through a relevant literature review. Since no significant studies outlined a complete picture of the pandemic's impact on agriculture, our study ventured to reveal the circumstances of each sub‐sector of agriculture. During the early phases of the pandemic, farmers engaged in agriculture production got poor prices, with the majority of them incurring losses. Labor shortages and input scarcity were the most prevailing hindrances across all the sub‐sectors. The export volume seemed to shrink hugely, hurting the country's GDP. The supply chain for agricultural commodities was disrupted as a result of the lockdown and mobility restrictions, which resulted in the elimination of the majority of intermediaries. Unprecedented challenges occurred in the input and output markets, as well as in the agro‐industries, exacerbating the situation. However, while the vegetables and poultry sub‐sectors recovered utterly and the dairy sub‐sector somehow managed to stabilize, other sub‐sectors are still grieving. This study highlighted some policies that can mitigate the miseries of the agriculture sector and overcome further potential threats in Bangladesh and other agriculture‐led developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Sayemul Islam
- Faculty of Agricultural Economics & Rural Sociology Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh Bangladesh
| | - Md. Emran Hossain
- Department of Agricultural Finance and Banking Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh Bangladesh
| | - Festus Victor Bekun
- Faculty of Economics Administrative and Social sciences Istanbul Gelisim University Istanbul Turkey
- Adnan Kassar School of Business Lebanese American University Beirut Lebanon
| | - Md. Hayder Khan Sujan
- Department of Development and Poverty Studies, Faculty of Agribusiness Management Sher‐e‐Bangla Agricultural University Dhaka Bangladesh
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Yamamura E, Kohsaka Y, Tsutsui Y, Ohtake F. Association between the COVID-19 Vaccine and Preventive Behaviors: Panel Data Analysis from Japan. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11040810. [PMID: 37112722 PMCID: PMC10145704 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11040810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus (COVID-19) vaccine is key to reducing the probability of contracting COVID-19. The vaccine is generally known to prevent severe illness, death, and hospitalization as a result of the disease and for considerably reduce COVID-19 infection risk. Accordingly, this might significantly change an individual's perceived risk of altering everyday behaviors. For instance, the proliferation of vaccination is anticipated to reduce preventive behaviors such as staying at home, handwashing, and wearing a mask. We corresponded with the same individuals monthly for 18 months from March 2020 (early stage of COVID-19) to September 2021 in Japan to independently construct large sample panel data (N = 54,007), with a participation rate of 54.7%. We used a fixed effects model, controlling for key confounders, to determine whether vaccination was associated with a change in preventive behaviors. The major findings are as follows. Contrary to the prediction, (1) based on the whole sample, being vaccinated against COVID-19 led people to stay at home; however, it did not change the habit of handwashing and wearing a mask. Especially after the second shot, respondents were likelier to stay at home by 0.107 (95% CIs: 0.059-0.154) points on a 5-point scale compared to before the vaccination. Dividing the entire sample into young and old, (2) those aged ≤ 40 years were more likely to go out after being vaccinated, and (3) people over 40 years of age were more likely to stay at home (similar to the first result). Preventive behaviors impact all individuals during the current pandemic. Informal social norms motivate people to increase or maintain preventive behaviors even after being vaccinated in societies where these behaviors are not enforced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Yamamura
- Department of Economics, Seinan Gakuin University, Fukuoka 814-8511, Japan
| | - Youki Kohsaka
- Department of Management Information, Kyoto College of Economics, Kyoto 610-1195, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Tsutsui
- Faculty of Social Relations, Kyoto Bunkyo University, Kyoto 611-0041, Japan
| | - Fumio Ohtake
- Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Cordero Franco HF, Salinas Martínez AM, Martínez Martínez DL, Santiago Jarquin BR, Guzmán de la Garza FJ. Cessation of Face Mask Use after COVID-19 Vaccination in Patients with Diabetes: Prevalence and Determinants. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2768. [PMID: 36833465 PMCID: PMC9956089 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20042768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Studies on the cessation of face mask use after a COVID-19 vaccine in patients with diabetes are not available, despite their greater predisposition to complications. We estimated the prevalence of cessation of face mask use after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine in patients with diabetes and identified which factor was most strongly associated with non-use. This was a cross-sectional study in patients with diabetes 18-70 years with at least one dose of vaccine against COVID-19 (n = 288). Participants were asked to respond face-to-face to a questionnaire in a primary care center. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and multivariate binary logistic regression were used for analyzing the association between vulnerability, benefits, barriers, self-efficacy, vaccine expectations (independent variables), and cessation of use (dependent variable), controlling for sociodemographic, smoking, medical, vaccine, and COVID-19 history. The prevalence of cessation of face masks was 25.3% (95% CI 20.2, 30.5). Not feeling vulnerable to hospitalization increased the odds of non-use (adjusted OR = 3.3, 95% CI 1.2, 8.6), while perceiving benefits did the opposite (adjusted OR = 0.4, 95% CI 0.2, 0.9). The prevalence was low, and only two factors were associated with the cessation of face mask use after COVID-19 vaccination in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hid Felizardo Cordero Franco
- Epidemiologic and Health Services Research Unit/CIBIN, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Monterrey 64360, Mexico
| | - Ana María Salinas Martínez
- Epidemiologic and Health Services Research Unit/CIBIN, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Monterrey 64360, Mexico
- School of Public Health and Nutrition, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Monterrey 64460, Mexico
| | - Diana Laura Martínez Martínez
- Vice-Rectory of Health Sciences, University of Monterrey, San Pedro Garza García 66238, Mexico
- Family Medicine Clinic No. 26, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Monterrey 64360, Mexico
| | | | - Francisco Javier Guzmán de la Garza
- Epidemiologic and Health Services Research Unit/CIBIN, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Monterrey 64360, Mexico
- School of Medicine, Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon, Monterrey 64460, Mexico
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Khankeh H, Pourebrahimi M, Hosseinabadi-Farahani M, Farrokhi M, Khanjani MS, Shojafard J, Hamedanchi A, Ranjbar M, Jenabi Ghods M, Ahmadi S, Ghanaatpisheh E, Saatchi M. Comparison of vaccine hesitancy during the low and high points of COVID-19 in a population under international sanctions: A longitudinal mixed-methods study in Iran. Front Public Health 2023; 10:958899. [PMID: 36684929 PMCID: PMC9850560 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.958899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Along with the challenges of COVID-19 vaccine supply in low-income countries, vaccine hesitancy was another problem for the health system. The aim of this study was to deeply understand the challenges of vaccine acceptance, the vaccination process, and to compare the affecting vaccine acceptance in the high and low points of the epidemic in Iran. Methods In the qualitative part of this mixed-methods study, content analysis was used to investigate experiences and perceptions about COVID-19 vaccination in four groups. In the quantitative study, in March 2021 (low point), and on August 1, 2021 (high point), two population-based cross-sectional studies were performed in Tehran and its rural, with sample sizes of 1,200 and 1,872 people aged over 18 years, respectively. Multinomial (polytomous) logistic regression was used to determine the factors affecting hesitation and unwillingness to receive the vaccine. Results Disbelief in vaccine safety, vaccine distrust, ignorance and confusion, and inadequate facilities were the common reasons extracted in the two qualitative studies. At the low and high points of the epidemic, vaccine acceptance was 83.6% (95% CI: 81.3-85.9) and 65.8% (95% CI: 65.8-71.0), respectively. Residence in rural areas, (Odds Ratio: 0.44, p = 0.001), being a student (Odds Ratio: 0.41, p = 0.011), housewives (Odds Ratio: 0.63, p = 0.033), illiteracy (Odds Ratio: 4.44, p = 0.001), and having an underlying disease (Odds Ratio: 4.44, p = 0.001) were factors affecting on vaccine acceptance. Discussion Counter-intuitively, acceptance did not increase at the peak of epidemic. The presence of obstacles, such as increased distrust in the effectiveness of vaccines due to the occurrence of multiple peaks in different vaccinated countries, as well as the influence of the media, anti-vaccine campaigns, and lack of proper communication about risks caused more hesitation. More investigation to understand how people accept or reject vaccine and its long term consequences is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamidreza Khankeh
- Health in Emergency and Disaster Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | - Mehrdad Farrokhi
- Health in Emergency and Disaster Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Saeed Khanjani
- Department of Counseling, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Shojafard
- Health in Emergency and Disaster Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arya Hamedanchi
- Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Ranjbar
- Health in Emergency and Disaster Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mariye Jenabi Ghods
- Master of Psychiatric Nursing, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shokoufeh Ahmadi
- Health in Emergency and Disaster Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Ghanaatpisheh
- Health in Emergency and Disaster Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Saatchi
- Health in Emergency and Disaster Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Hafidz F, Adiwibowo IR, Kusila GR, Oktavia A, Saut B, Jaya C, Siregar DR, Dhanalvin E, Tania I, Johana J, Ruby M, Baros WA. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to COVID-19 in Indonesia: A post delta variant wave cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1072196. [PMID: 37124827 PMCID: PMC10133525 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1072196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Public information and regulations related to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been widely published and continuously changed. The Indonesian government has responded to the emerging evidence by regularly updating its unprecedented and preventive measures against the transmission of COVID-19 to the public. It is important to understand how the public responded to these updates. This study aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of Indonesians toward COVID-19 after the emergence of the delta variant wave. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among the adult population of non-healthcare workers in Indonesia through an online questionnaire using the SurveyMonkey platform. A total of 1,859 respondents completed this survey from September to October 2021. The knowledge, attitudes, and practices data were analyzed descriptively to find their frequency and percentage. A multivariate analysis was conducted to confirm the factors affecting the respondents' knowledge, attitudes, and practices with a p-value of <0.05 set as significant. Results Being female, having a higher education level, and having a higher frequency of access to COVID-19 news showed significant impacts on knowledge, attitudes, and practices (p<0.001). Older age stratification influenced the knowledge level (p<0.05) but had no significant effect on people's attitudes and practices toward COVID-19. Respondents' perceived probability of being exposed to COVID-19 (p < 0.05) and their COVID-19 infection frequency (p < 0.001) significantly influenced their knowledge. Household income and respondents' knowledge significantly affected their attitudes toward COVID-19. Furthermore, only their attitudes had a significant impact on the respondents' practices. Perceived severity, perceived susceptibility, and vaccination status did not significantly influence their knowledge, attitudes, and practices (p > 0.05). Conclusion After more than a year of the COVID-19 pandemic, Indonesians maintain their high level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices. COVID-19 disinformation must be combatted by strengthening authorized media, empowering communities, and improving governance among institutions during and post-pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firdaus Hafidz
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
- *Correspondence: Firdaus Hafidz
| | - Insan Rekso Adiwibowo
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
- Center for Health Policy and Management, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Gilbert Renardi Kusila
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ayunda Oktavia
- Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial Kesehatan, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Benjamin Saut
- Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial Kesehatan, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Citra Jaya
- Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial Kesehatan, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Erzan Dhanalvin
- Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial Kesehatan, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Indira Tania
- Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial Kesehatan, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Johana Johana
- Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial Kesehatan, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Mahlil Ruby
- Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial Kesehatan, Jakarta, Indonesia
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COVID-19 Risk Perception and Adherence to Preventive Measures among Medical Students after Receiving COVID-19 Vaccination: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study in Egypt. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 11:vaccines11010007. [PMID: 36679851 PMCID: PMC9866727 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the perception of COVID-19 risk and the adherence to protective measures among medical students after vaccination. We conducted a cross-sectional survey on a convenience sample of students from all the 18 governmental medical schools in Egypt. A total of 2273 students participated in the online self-administered questionnaire. Around 8 in 10 (83.2%) students were fully vaccinated, of which 17.9% received the booster dose. Only 36.9% believed that COVID-19 is serious on the individual level. The majority (73.9%) strongly or slightly agreed they may become infected after vaccination if they do not follow the preventive measures. We observed a slow decline in the perceived risk of vulnerability and susceptibility to COVID-19 infection among students in parallel to a growing perception of self-efficacy and controllability. Less than one-third (28.9%) of students showed good adherence to protective measures. However, this was lower than the previously reported adherence in the same population before vaccination. Female students, those in the first academic year, those who did not contract COVID-19 infection before, and those with a higher perception of susceptibility and perceived controllability were more likely to perform better at protective measures.
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Savira F, Alif SM, Afroz A, Siddiquea BN, Shetty A, Chowdhury HA, Bhattacharya O, Chowdhury MRK, Islam MS, Ali L, Billah B. Evaluation of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and uptake in rural Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e064468. [PMID: 36523245 PMCID: PMC9748515 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-064468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate the acceptance and uptake of COVID-19 vaccines in rural Bangladesh. DESIGN This was a cross-sectional study conducted between June and November 2021. SETTING This study was conducted in rural Bangladesh. PARTICIPANTS People older than 18 years of age, not pregnant and no history of surgery for the last 3 months were eligible to participate. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOMES The primary outcomes were proportions of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and roll-out participation among the rural population. The secondary outcome was identification of correlates which contributed to COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and roll-out participation. Χ2 tests and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify relevant correlates such as sociodemographic factors, clinical conditions and COVID-19-related factors. RESULTS A total of 1603 participants were enrolled. The overall COVID-19 vaccine acceptance was very high (1521/1601, 95%), and half of the participants received at least one dose of the COVID-19 vaccine. Majority of participants wanted to keep others safe (89%) and agreed to the benefits of COVID-19 vaccines (88%). To fulfil the requirement of online registration for the vaccine at the time, 62% of participants had to visit an internet café and only 31% downloaded the app. Over half (54%) of participants were unaware of countries they knew and trust to produce the COVID-19 vaccine. Increased age, being housewives, underweight and undergraduate education level were associated with vaccine acceptance, while being female, increased age and being overweight/obese were associated with vaccine uptake. Trust in the health department and practical knowledge regarding COVID-19 vaccines were positively associated with both vaccine acceptance and uptake. CONCLUSION This study found a very high COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in rural Bangladesh. Policymakers should support interventions aimed at increasing vaccine and general health literacy and ensure ongoing vaccine supply and improvement of infrastructure in rural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feby Savira
- Deakin Health Economics, Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Global Centre for Preventive Health and Nutrition, Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sheikh M Alif
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Afsana Afroz
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bodrun Naher Siddiquea
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Aishwarya Shetty
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hasina Akhter Chowdhury
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Oashe Bhattacharya
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Md Shariful Islam
- Department of Public Health, First Capital University of Bangladesh, Chuadanga, Bangladesh
| | - Liaquat Ali
- Pothikrit Institute of Health Studies, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Baki Billah
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Gallè F, Sabella EA, Bianco L, Maninchedda M, Barchielli B, Liguori F, Da Molin G, Liguori G, Orsi GB, Ferracuti S, Napoli C. How the COVID-19 Pandemic Has Impacted Daily Life? Assessing the Use of Web Resources for Recreational Activities in the Italian Adult Population. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15136. [PMID: 36429855 PMCID: PMC9690348 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192215136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Restriction measures imposed during the COVID-19 pandemic led to changes in people's lives and behaviors. The aim of this paper is to assess the changes occurred in physical activity (PA), sleep, social and cultural activities and personal relationships of Italian adults during the pandemic and to evaluate the use of web-based resources to continue these activities. To this purpose, a cross-sectional study using a web-based questionnaire was carried out and both descriptive and regression analysis was performed. On a total of 1831 participants (61% females, age 18-93 years), the majority reported a decrease in PA, sleep, social and cultural activities and personal relationships, since the beginning of the pandemic. Sleep was notably affected by the use of new technologies. The regression analysis demonstrated that the use of web-based media for doing exercise was associated with being younger than 50 years and female; having a chronic condition was inversely related with the use of web resources for social and cultural activities and to maintain relationships; being employed was negatively related with the use of web media for continuing personal relationships and cultural activities; and being vaccinated against COVID-19 was positively associated with the use of the web for personal relationships. These findings confirm that the COVID-19 pandemic notably affected the daily life of Italian adults. Our results suggest that the use of technology to deal with these changes seems to be related with certain sociodemographic and health-related characteristics. These findings can be useful to identify those characteristics that can help people in copying with daily life modifications due to restriction measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Gallè
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples “Parthenope”, Via Medina 40, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Elita Anna Sabella
- Inter-University Research Centre “Population, Environment and Health”, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza Cesare Battisti 1, 70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Lavinia Bianco
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Mario Maninchedda
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Benedetta Barchielli
- Department of Dynamic, Clinical Psychology and Health, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Via degli Apuli 1, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Liguori
- Department of Economics and Legal Studies, University of Naples “Parthenope”, Via Generale Parisi 13, 80132 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Da Molin
- Inter-University Research Centre “Population, Environment and Health”, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza Cesare Battisti 1, 70121 Bari, Italy
| | - Giorgio Liguori
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples “Parthenope”, Via Medina 40, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Battista Orsi
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Ferracuti
- Department of Human Neuroscience, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Christian Napoli
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Via di Grottarossa 1035/1039, 00189 Rome, Italy
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14
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Ngamchaliew P, Kaewkuea N, Nonthasorn N, Vonnasrichan T, Rongsawat N, Rattanachai L, Chaipipattanakij W, Kamolnawin S, Vichitkunakorn P. Changes in preventive behaviour after COVID-19 vaccination in Thailand: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:2039. [PMID: 36348474 PMCID: PMC9640894 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14494-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Protective behaviours (e.g., mask-wearing, handwashing, avoiding social gatherings) and mass vaccination are effective ways to control the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Previous studies found that people who get vaccinated may change their protective behaviours. The Thai government has endorsed several mix-and-match vaccine regimens to eliminate the insufficiency of each vaccine brand. This study aimed to determine levels of protective behavioural changes after COVID-19 vaccination and its relationship with various vaccine regimens in Thailand. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between September 13, 2021, and January 14, 2022. Data were collected using an online questionnaire distributed via social media platforms and posters in public places in Thailand. The questionnaire comprised six items for demographic characteristics, seven items for COVID-19 vaccine regimens, and four items for protective behaviours. The vaccinated Thai population aged ≥ 18 years were surveyed. Statistical analyses included a Chi-squared test, Wilcoxon signed rank test, and multivariate logistic regressions. Results Of the 469 participants, more than half were females (67.4%), single (57.4%), and lived in an urban area (67.2%). Significant differences were observed with regard to median scores in handwashing (5.0 vs. 5.0, p-value < 0.001), physical distancing (4.0 vs. 5.0, p-value = 0.019), and avoiding social activity (4.0 vs. 5.0, p-value = 0.010) in pre- and post-vaccination situations. Approximately 70–90% of the participants did not report changes in protective behaviours after vaccination. Overall, 17.4%, 13.9%, and 12.7% of participants showed improvements in avoiding social activity, physical distancing, and handwashing respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that improvements in protective behaviours were significantly associated with the age group (between 18 and 24 years), non-healthcare worker status, and those who lived in urban areas. No significant evidence of vaccine regimens was found relative to improved protective behaviours. Conclusion This evidence revealed that Thai people maintain their protective behaviours after vaccination but rather improved them. Moreover, demographic data were significantly associated with improved protective behaviours, but various vaccine regimens were not. These findings might be useful for implementing policies to maintain personal protective behaviours after vaccination against COVID-19. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-14494-x.
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15
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Yuan T, Li XD, Zhang M, Tao XB, Xu SJ, Liu H. Impact of the eHealth literacy, knowledge and attitudes on COVID-19 prevention behavior among residents in the second year of the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study in Anhui Province, China. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1015803. [PMID: 36408007 PMCID: PMC9666891 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1015803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The pandemic of COVID-19 continues to challenge people's health worldwide. In the second year of the pandemic, adherence to COVID-19 preventive behavior is key to continuing efforts to overcome the epidemic. This study aims to assess the COVID-19-related knowledge, attitude, and prevention behavior (KAP) and electronic health literacy (eHealth literacy) among Anhui residents in China. Methods From January 30 to March 27, 2021, the cross-sectional study was performed among Anhui residents in China, including 16 cities. An online survey was adopted to assess KAP regarding COVID-19, and eHealth, involving a total of 2,122 citizens. Following informed consent, residents were recruited by convenience sampling. Frequencies and proportions were calculated. Additionally, Mann-Whitney U tests were used to analyze the variables. Independent predictors of preventive behavior of COVID-19 were ascertained using a multivariable logistic regression model. Result Residents demonstrated good knowledge, positive attitudes, acceptable practices, and good eHealth literacy. Online news and WeChat are the main health information resources. Citizens who had good knowledge, a positive attitude, good eHealth, and did not participate in the online lectures or training COVID-19 were more likely to take preventive measures. Those with poor health, who were male, did not have family members working in health care facilities, and did not work in a face-to-face environment were less likely to take precautions. Compared with a master's degree and above, participants with middle school education level and below took preventive behavior sometimes. Residents who browse the COVID-19 webpage <15 min weekly seldom took preventive actions. Conclusion The study showed that in the second year of the COVID-19 pandemic, Chinese residents had adequate knowledge of COVID-19, positive attitudes, appropriate preventive practices, and basic eHealth literacy. To prevent the rebound of the COVID-19 epidemic, the government and health agencies should inform citizens concerning which information channels or websites to use and assist the underprivileged population who lacks basic infrastructure. In addition, increasing the level of knowledge and attitude, enhancing eHealth literacy and the Health Belief Model (HBM), and implementing the Health Code were seen as ways to reinforce adherence to preventive behavior. Targeting men, implementing public awareness campaigns, community engagement strategies, and health education programs are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yuan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Nursing, School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Xiang Dong Li
- Department of Gerontology, Yijishan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Xiu Bin Tao
- Department of Nursing, Yijishan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Shu Juan Xu
- Department of Nursing, Yijishan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Blood Purification Centre, Yijishan Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China,*Correspondence: Huan Liu
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16
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Takeda A, Tomio J, Fukuda H, Ando Y, Yokoyama T. Trends in dental visits during the state of emergency for COVID-19 in Japan: a retrospective observational study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e064666. [PMID: 36127113 PMCID: PMC9490298 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-064666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine national medium-term trends in dental visits during three COVID-19 emergency declaration periods in Japan and to analyse how these trends varied according to prefectural emergency measures and COVID-19 incidence. DESIGN AND SETTING A retrospective observational study of Japan's dental claims from January 2017 to December 2021. DATA SOURCES Data from a monthly report by the Health Insurance Claims Review and Reimbursement Services (HICRRS) in Japan. HICRRS handles the claims of employer-based health insurance. DATA ANALYSIS We determined the number of monthly dental claims nationwide from January 2017 to December 2021 and the percentage change in the number of monthly dental claims based on the difference in the COVID-19 alert level between the three emergency declaration periods in 2020-2021 and the corresponding periods in 2019. Results were analysed using descriptive statistics, multiple regression model, graphical figures, and narrative synthesis. OUTCOME MEASURES The main outcome was the change in the number of dental visits between the emergency declaration periods in 2020-2021 and the corresponding periods in 2019. We also assessed the difference in the number of dental visits based on the COVID-19 alert level. RESULTS The data set included a total of 736 946 088 dental claims. Until the end of 2021, the greatest decrease in monthly dental claims was in April 2020, which was 22.3% lower than that in April 2019. As indicated by the coefficient in the regression model, the percentage change in monthly dental claims decreased by 5.01% (95% CI -8.27 to -1.74) depending on the difference between the prefectures designated as being under special precautions and other prefectures. CONCLUSIONS The decrease in dental visits was greater during the first state of emergency, ie, April-May 2020, and in prefectures designated as being under special precautions. Further efforts to promote appropriate dental visits at different alert levels are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asuka Takeda
- Department of Health Crisis Management, National Institute of Public Health, Wako-shi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Jun Tomio
- Department of Health Crisis Management, National Institute of Public Health, Wako-shi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hideki Fukuda
- National Institute of Public Health, Wako-shi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yuichi Ando
- Department of Health Promotion, National Institute of Public Health, Wako-shi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Yokoyama
- Department of Health Promotion, National Institute of Public Health, Wako-shi, Saitama, Japan
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Nazu SB, Saha SM, Hossain ME, Haque S, Khan MA. Willingness to pay for adopting conservation tillage technologies in wheat cultivation: policy options for small-scale farmers. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:63458-63471. [PMID: 35460006 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20306-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Traditional farming involves intensive tillage causing soil degradation and erosion. On the contrary, conservation tillage technologies are expensive to purchase for small-scale farmers. However, the adoption of these technologies reduces soil tillage costs which lead to reduced overall production costs. In this milieu, this study assessed the willingness to pay (WTP) for adopting conservation tillage technologies in terms of individual and cooperative payment systems using the primary data collected from 320 wheat farmers in Bangladesh. The contingency valuation method (CVM) was followed to estimate their WTP, and factors affecting WTP were identified through the logistic regression model. The results elicited farmers perceived that conservation tillage technologies would facilitate by reducing costs, timely land preparation, seed sowing and planting, appropriate positioning of seed and fertilizers, and higher soil moisture. Nevertheless, most of the farmers wanted to adopt conservation tillage technologies, while about 79% would like to pay for it. Although farmers' average WTP for individual purchases was higher, most were interested in the cooperative systems for adopting conservation tillage machines. Farmers' WTP for both individual and cooperative purchases was influenced by location of wheat production, farming experience, and demonstration plots. Additionally, individual payment system was affected by the amount of wheatland and training while credit affected the cooperative purchase system. Besides, the farmers would like to expand their wheat farms by approximately 73.33% after adopting conservation tillage technologies. The refusal to pay for conservation tillage technologies was mostly due to low-quality spare parts, lack of technical understanding, and unawareness of the technology. This study suggests that providing training among farmers and operators, credit support, and making machines and spare parts available in the nearest markets would support adopting conservation technologies. Besides, cooperative-based payment system should be formed to help small-scale farmers adopt conservation tillage techniques for sustainable agriculture in an environment-friendly way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahnaz Begum Nazu
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Sourav Mohan Saha
- Department of Agricultural Finance, Cooperatives and Banking, Khulna Agricultural University, Khulna, 9100, Bangladesh
| | - Md Emran Hossain
- Department of Agricultural Finance and Banking, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Sadika Haque
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md Akhtaruzzaman Khan
- Department of Agricultural Finance and Banking, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh.
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18
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Bedana D, Kamruzzaman M, Rana MJ, Mustafi BAA, Talukder RK. Financial and functionality analysis of a biogas plant in Bangladesh. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10727. [PMID: 36185129 PMCID: PMC9519478 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Installation of a biogas plant in a rural region has become a viable alternative energy source with a variety of health and environmental advantages. Though Bangladesh has enormous resources for biogas production, biogas energy production is infancy stage in Bangladesh. The study aims to explore the economic aspect of household-level biogas plants and determine the relationship between biogas plant functionality and different factors. For doing this, 300 biogas plant owners were interviewed from fifteen Upazilla in Bangladesh and respondents were chosen by a two-stage random sampling technique. The study shows by measuring partial budgeting, USD 294.80 per year can be earned by a family by introducing biogas plant. Cost-benefit analysis showed that a small biogas plant (USD 143.07/year) was most profitable, followed by a large biogas plant (USD 142.17/year). In discounted cost-benefit analysis, medium size biogas plant was found to be the most beneficial investment, followed by a small size biogas plant. Average NPV, BCR, PBP, and IRR of Biogas plant were USD 1629.11, 1.77, 2.93, and 48% with subsidy where USD 1525.25, 1.77, 3.75, and 43% without subsidy. The measurement of carbon trading also highlights the economic benefit of a biogas plant in Bangladesh. The bivariate relationship between the functionality of biogas plants with different factors highlights that higher educated, trained plant owners with quality mason and follow up services ensured the efficient operation of the biogas plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilruba Bedana
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - M Kamruzzaman
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | | | - B A A Mustafi
- Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh
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The Impact of COVID-19 Vaccination in Changing the Adherence to Preventive Measures: Evidence from Italy. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10050777. [PMID: 35632533 PMCID: PMC9143241 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10050777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The objectives of the survey were to explore any changes in the adherence to the three main COVID-19 preventive measures (social distancing, washing hands, wearing face-masks) among 795 individuals who received the COVID-19 vaccine booster dose in Italy and to identify the predictors associated. The concern of contracting COVID-19 before the vaccination, after the primary COVID-19 vaccine series, and after the booster dose resulted with a mean value of 7.7, 4.6, and 4.2, respectively. Females, those who had a lower mean self-perceived health status, who perceived COVID-19 as a very serious health problem, who decided to receive the booster dose because they perceived to be at risk of getting COVID-19, and who expressed interest in acquiring more information regarding the COVID-19 vaccine booster dose were more likely to report a higher concern of contracting COVID-19 after the booster dose. Over two-thirds were willing to respect the three main COVID-19 preventive measures following the booster dose. The multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that those who had used all three main preventive measures before and after the second or single dose were less likely to perceive COVID-19 as a serious illness. Those who had used them irregularly were less likely to have used official government organizations and scientific journals as sources of information. This survey provided an understanding regarding the adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures that may help to target policy interventions needed to reduce the spread of SARS-CoV-2.
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Bolt T, Tufman A, Sellmer L, Kahnert K, Mertsch P, Kovács J, Kauffmann-Guerrero D, Munker D, Manapov F, Schneider C, Behr J, Walter J. Changes in Behavior After Vaccination and Opinions Toward Mask Wearing: Thoracic Oncology Patient–Reported Experiences During the COVID-19 Pandemic. CLINICAL MEDICINE INSIGHTS: ONCOLOGY 2022; 16:11795549221123618. [PMID: 36176285 PMCID: PMC9515761 DOI: 10.1177/11795549221123618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 vaccines, face masks, and social distancing are effective interventions to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infections. In this study, we aimed to determine lung cancer patients’ attitudes toward vaccination, changes in behavior after vaccination, and willingness to continue mask wearing after the pandemic. Methods: We sent out questionnaires to 220 thoracic oncology patients treated at our lung cancer center in May 2021. The questionnaire focused on patients’ vaccination status, self-reported experiences surrounding vaccination, and assessed changes in behaviors before and after vaccination as well as opinions toward mask wearing after the pandemic. Results are presented as absolute and relative frequencies and means with standard deviation and compared using t test, paired t test, and analysis of variance test as well as chi2 test, and Fisher exact text. Results: About 91.0% of patients reported having received at least 1 vaccination. About 73.3% of patients reported having at least 1 reaction to the vaccination. The most common reactions were pain at the injection site, fatigue, and headache. After vaccination, patients increased contact with family and friends, use of public transport, and grocery shopping. Overall, the level of willingness to wear masks beyond the end of the pandemic differed according to vaccination status. Conclusions: Acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccination among thoracic oncology patients in Germany was high. Overall, patients with thoracic malignancies tolerated the COVID-19 vaccination well. Rate of adverse reaction was not higher compared with the general population. After the vaccination, patients increased social contacts and usage of public transport. These changes suggest positive psychological effects on quality of life. While reducing social distancing can increase the risk of infection, our results indicate that an extension of mask mandates after the pandemic would likely be accepted by a majority of thoracic oncology patients, suggesting that our cohort was still aware and in support of other measure of protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toki Bolt
- Department of Medicine V, University Hospital, LMU Munich, München, Germany
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), München, Germany
| | - Amanda Tufman
- Department of Medicine V, University Hospital, LMU Munich, München, Germany
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), München, Germany
| | - Laura Sellmer
- Department of Medicine V, University Hospital, LMU Munich, München, Germany
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), München, Germany
| | - Kathrin Kahnert
- Department of Medicine V, University Hospital, LMU Munich, München, Germany
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), München, Germany
| | - Pontus Mertsch
- Department of Medicine V, University Hospital, LMU Munich, München, Germany
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), München, Germany
| | - Julia Kovács
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), München, Germany
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Thoracic Oncology Centre Munich, Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich, München, Germany
| | - Diego Kauffmann-Guerrero
- Department of Medicine V, University Hospital, LMU Munich, München, Germany
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), München, Germany
| | - Dieter Munker
- Department of Medicine V, University Hospital, LMU Munich, München, Germany
| | - Farkhad Manapov
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), München, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Thoracic Oncology Centre Munich, Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich, München, Germany
| | - Christian Schneider
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), München, Germany
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Thoracic Oncology Centre Munich, Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich, München, Germany
| | - Juergen Behr
- Department of Medicine V, University Hospital, LMU Munich, München, Germany
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), München, Germany
| | - Julia Walter
- Department of Medicine V, University Hospital, LMU Munich, München, Germany
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), München, Germany
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Thoracic Oncology Centre Munich, Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich, München, Germany
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