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Populin LC, Rajala AZ, Matkowskyj KA, Saha S, Zeng W, Christian B, McVea A, Tay EX, Mueller EM, Malone ME, Brust-Mascher I, McMillan AB, Ludwig KA, Suminski AJ, Reardon C, Furness JB. Characterization of idiopathic chronic diarrhea and associated intestinal inflammation and preliminary observations of effects of vagal nerve stimulation in a non-human primate. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2024; 36:e14876. [PMID: 39072841 PMCID: PMC11321913 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.14876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diarrhea is commonly associated with irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, microscopic colitis, and other gastrointestinal dysfunctions. Spontaneously occurring idiopathic chronic diarrhea is frequent in rhesus macaques, but has not been used as a model for the investigation of diarrhea or its treatment. We characterized this condition and present preliminary data demonstrating that left vagal nerve stimulation provides relief. METHODS Stool consistency scores were followed for up to 12 years. Inflammation was assessed by plasma C-reactive protein, [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake, measured by positron emission tomography (PET), multiplex T cell localization, endoscopy and histology. The vagus was stimulated for 9 weeks in conscious macaques, using fully implanted electrodes, under wireless control. KEY RESULTS Macaques exhibited recurrent periods of diarrhea for up to 12 years, and signs of inflammation: elevated plasma C-reactive protein, increased bowel FDG uptake and increased mucosal T helper1 T-cells. The colon and distal ileum were endoscopically normal, and histology revealed mild colonic inflammation. Application of vagal nerve stimulation to conscious macaques (10 Hz, 30 s every 3 h; 24 h a day for 9 weeks) significantly reduced severity of diarrhea and also reduced inflammation, as measured by FDG uptake and C-reactive protein. CONCLUSIONS AND INFERENCES These macaques exhibit spontaneously occurring diarrhea with intestinal inflammation that can be reduced by VNS. The data demonstrate the utility of this naturally occurring primate model to study the physiology and treatments for chronic diarrhea and the neural control circuits influencing diarrhea and inflammation that are not accessible in human subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis C Populin
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Abigail Z Rajala
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Kristina A Matkowskyj
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Sumona Saha
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Weifeng Zeng
- Department of Surgery, Dental and Plastic Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Bradley Christian
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Andrew McVea
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Emmy Xue Tay
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, UC Davis
| | - Ellie M Mueller
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Margaret E Malone
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | | | - Alan B McMillan
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Kip A Ludwig
- Department of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Aaron J Suminski
- Department of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Colin Reardon
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, UC Davis
| | - John B Furness
- Department of Anatomy & Physiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
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Aguilera-Lizarraga J, Ritoux A, Bulmer DC, Smith ESJ. Intestinal barrier function in the naked mole-rat: an emergent model for gastrointestinal insights. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2024; 327:G188-G201. [PMID: 38915279 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00080.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
The intestinal barrier plays a crucial role in homeostasis by both facilitating the absorption of nutrients and fluids and providing a tight shield to prevent the invasion by either pathogen or commensal microorganisms. Intestinal barrier malfunction is associated with systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, and decreased insulin sensitivity, which may lead to the dysregulation of other tissues. Therefore, a deeper understanding of physiological aspects related to an enhanced barrier function is of significant scientific and clinical relevance. The naked mole-rat has many unusual biological features, including attenuated colonic neuron sensitivity to acid and bradykinin and resistance to chemical-induced intestinal damage. However, insight into their intestinal barrier physiology is scarce. Here, we observed notable macroscopic and microscopic differences in intestinal tissue structure between naked mole-rats and mice. Moreover, naked mole-rats showed increased number of larger goblet cells and elevated mucus content. In measuring gut permeability, naked mole-rats showed reduced permeability compared with mice, measured as transepithelial electrical resistance, especially in ileum. Furthermore, intestinal ion secretion induced by serotonin, bradykinin, histamine, and capsaicin was significantly reduced in naked mole-rats compared with mice, despite the expression of receptors for all these agonists. In addition, naked mole-rats exhibited reduced prosecretory responses to the nonselective adenylate cyclase activator forskolin. Collectively, these findings indicate that naked mole-rats possess a robust and hard-to-penetrate gastrointestinal barrier that is resistant to environmental and endogenous irritants. Naked mole-rats may therefore provide valuable insights into the physiology of the intestinal barrier and set the stage for the development of innovative and effective therapies.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This is the first study to characterize the intestinal function of naked mole-rats. We found that these animals show a robust gut tissue structure, displaying thicker intestinal layers, longer villi, and larger crypts. Naked mole-rats showed more and larger goblet cells, with increased mucus content. Intestinal permeability, especially in the ileum, was substantially lower than that of mice. Finally, naked mole-rats showed reduced intestinal anion secretion in response to serotonin, bradykinin, histamine, capsaicin, and forskolin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anne Ritoux
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - David C Bulmer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ewan St John Smith
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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3
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Chen Y, Ye S, Shi J, Wang H, Deng G, Wang G, Wang S, Yuan Q, Yang L, Mou T. Functional evaluation of pure natural edible Ferment: protective function on ulcerative colitis. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1367630. [PMID: 38952444 PMCID: PMC11215050 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1367630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the therapeutic efficiency of a novel drink termed "Ferment" in cases of ulcerative colitis (UC) and its influence on the gut microbiota. Method In this study, we developed a complex of mixed fruit juice and lactic acid bacteria referred to as Ferment. Ferment was fed to mice for 35 days, before inducing UC with Dextran Sulfate Sodium Salt. We subsequently investigated the gut microbiome composition using 16S rRNA sequencing. Result After Ferment treatment, mouse body weight increased, and animals displayed less diarrhea, reduced frequency of bloody stools, and reduced inflammation in the colon. Beneficial bacteria belonging to Ileibacterium, Akkermansia, and Prevotellacea were enriched in the gut after Ferment treatment, while detrimental organisms including Erysipelatoclostridium, Dubosiella, and Alistipes were reduced. Conclusion These data place Ferment as a promising dietary candidate for enhancing immunity and protecting against UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Chen
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shengzhi Ye
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaolong Shi
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Wang
- First Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Guangxu Deng
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Anorectal, The First People’s Hospital of Zhaoqing, Zhaoqing, China
| | | | - Shijie Wang
- College of Foods Science and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China
- Junlebao Dairy Group Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qingbin Yuan
- Junlebao Dairy Group Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lunan Yang
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingyu Mou
- Department of General Surgery & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Sawant H, Selvaraj R, Manogaran P, Borthakur A. Intestinal Epithelial Creatine Transporter SLC6A8 Dysregulation in Inflammation and in Response to Adherent Invasive E. coli Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6537. [PMID: 38928243 PMCID: PMC11204174 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Creatine transporter (CrT1) mediates cellular uptake of creatine (Cr), a nutrient pivotal in maintaining energy homeostasis in various tissues including intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). The impact of CrT1 deficiency on the pathogenesis of various psychiatric and neurological disorders has been extensively investigated. However, there are no studies on its regulation in IECs in health and disease. Current studies have determined differential expression of CrT1 along the length of the mammalian intestine and its dysregulation in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-associated inflammation and Adherent Invasive E. coli (AIEC) infection. CrT1 mRNA and protein levels in normal intestines and their alterations in inflammation and following AIEC infection were determined in vitro in model IECs (Caco-2/IEC-6) and in vivo in SAMP1/YitFc mice, a model of spontaneous ileitis resembling human IBD. CrT1 is differentially expressed in different regions of mammalian intestines with its highest expression in jejunum. In vitro, CrT1 function (Na+-dependent 14C-Cr uptake), expression and promoter activity significantly decreased following TNFα/IL1β treatments and AIEC infection. SAMP1 mice and ileal organoids generated from SAMP1 mice also showed decreased CrT1 mRNA and protein compared to AKR controls. Our studies suggest that Cr deficiency in IECs secondary to CrT1 dysregulation could be a key factor contributing to IBD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Alip Borthakur
- Department of Clinical and Translational Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (H.S.); (R.S.); (P.M.)
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Jia W, Yu S, Liu X, Le Q, He X, Yu L, He J, Yang L, Gao H. Ethanol Extract of Limonium bicolor Improves Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Ulcerative Colitis by Alleviating Inflammation and Restoring Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in Mice. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:175. [PMID: 38667792 PMCID: PMC11050939 DOI: 10.3390/md22040175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a kind of inflammatory bowel condition characterized by inflammation within the mucous membrane, rectal bleeding, diarrhea, and pain experienced in the abdominal region. Existing medications for UC have limited treatment efficacy and primarily focus on symptom relief. Limonium bicolor (LB), an aquatic traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), exerts multi-targeted therapeutic effects with few side effects and is used to treat anemia and hemostasis. Nevertheless, the impact of LB on UC and its mechanism of action remain unclear. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects and mechanism of action of ethanol extract of LB (LBE) in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced UC. The results showed that LBE suppressed the secretion of cytokines in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells in a dose-dependent manner. LBE had protective effects against DSS-induced colitis in mice, decreased the disease activity index (DAI) score, alleviated symptoms, increased colon length, and improved histological characteristics, thus having protective effects against DSS-induced colitis in mice. In addition, it reversed disturbances in the abundance of proteobacteria and probiotics such as Lactobacillus and Blautia in mice with DSS-induced UC. Based on the results of network pharmacology analysis, we identified four main compounds in LBE that are associated with five inflammatory genes (Ptgs2, Plg, Ppar-γ, F2, and Gpr35). These results improve comprehension of the biological activity and functionality of LB and may facilitate the development of LB-based compounds for the treatment of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jia
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; (W.J.); (S.Y.); (L.Y.)
- Technical Innovation Center for Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361000, China; (Q.L.); (X.H.); (J.H.)
| | - Siyu Yu
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; (W.J.); (S.Y.); (L.Y.)
- Technical Innovation Center for Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361000, China; (Q.L.); (X.H.); (J.H.)
| | - Xi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China;
| | - Qingqing Le
- Technical Innovation Center for Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361000, China; (Q.L.); (X.H.); (J.H.)
| | - Xiwen He
- Technical Innovation Center for Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361000, China; (Q.L.); (X.H.); (J.H.)
| | - Lutao Yu
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; (W.J.); (S.Y.); (L.Y.)
- Technical Innovation Center for Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361000, China; (Q.L.); (X.H.); (J.H.)
| | - Jianlin He
- Technical Innovation Center for Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361000, China; (Q.L.); (X.H.); (J.H.)
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Island Monitoring and Ecological Development (Island Research Center, Ministry of Natural Resources), Fuzhou 350400, China
| | - Longhe Yang
- Technical Innovation Center for Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361000, China; (Q.L.); (X.H.); (J.H.)
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Island Monitoring and Ecological Development (Island Research Center, Ministry of Natural Resources), Fuzhou 350400, China
| | - Huiyuan Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; (W.J.); (S.Y.); (L.Y.)
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6
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Dong Y, Johnson BA, Ruan L, Zeineldin M, Bi T, Liu AZ, Raychaudhuri S, Chiu I, Zhu J, Smith B, Zhao N, Searson P, Watanabe S, Donowitz M, Larman TC, Li R. Disruption of epithelium integrity by inflammation-associated fibroblasts through prostaglandin signaling. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadj7666. [PMID: 38569041 PMCID: PMC10990275 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adj7666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Inflammation-associated fibroblasts (IAFs) are associated with progression and drug resistance of chronic inflammatory diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but their direct impact on epithelial cells is unknown. Here, we developed an in vitro model whereby human colon fibroblasts are induced by specific cytokines and recapitulate key features of IAFs in vivo. When cocultured with patient-derived colon organoids (colonoids), IAFs induced rapid colonoid expansion and barrier disruption due to swelling and rupture of individual epithelial cells. Colonoids cocultured with IAFs also show increased DNA damage, mitotic errors, and proliferation arrest. These IAF-induced epithelial defects are mediated by a paracrine pathway involving prostaglandin E2 and its receptor EP4, leading to protein kinase A -dependent activation of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator. EP4-specific chemical inhibitors effectively prevented IAF-induced colonoid swelling and restored normal proliferation and genome stability. These findings reveal a mechanism by which IAFs could promote and perpetuate IBD and suggest a therapeutic avenue to mitigate inflammation-associated epithelial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Dong
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Blake A. Johnson
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Linhao Ruan
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Maged Zeineldin
- Department of Pathology, Division of GI/Liver Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Tianhao Bi
- Department of Pathology, Division of GI/Liver Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Albert Z. Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Sumana Raychaudhuri
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ian Chiu
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Jin Zhu
- Mechanobiology Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Barbara Smith
- Microscope Facility, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Nan Zhao
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Peter Searson
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Shigeki Watanabe
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Mark Donowitz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Tatianna C. Larman
- Department of Pathology, Division of GI/Liver Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Mechanobiology Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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7
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Becker HM, Seidler UE. Bicarbonate secretion and acid/base sensing by the intestine. Pflugers Arch 2024; 476:593-610. [PMID: 38374228 PMCID: PMC11006743 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-024-02914-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
The transport of bicarbonate across the enterocyte cell membrane regulates the intracellular as well as the luminal pH and is an essential part of directional fluid movement in the gut. Since the first description of "active" transport of HCO3- ions against a concentration gradient in the 1970s, the fundamental role of HCO3- transport for multiple intestinal functions has been recognized. The ion transport proteins have been identified and molecularly characterized, and knockout mouse models have given insight into their individual role in a variety of functions. This review describes the progress made in the last decade regarding novel techniques and new findings in the molecular regulation of intestinal HCO3- transport in the different segments of the gut. We discuss human diseases with defects in intestinal HCO3- secretion and potential treatment strategies to increase luminal alkalinity. In the last part of the review, the cellular and organismal mechanisms for acid/base sensing in the intestinal tract are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger M Becker
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ursula E Seidler
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
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8
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Grümme L, Dombret S, Knösel T, Skapenko A, Schulze-Koops H. Colitis induced by IL-17A-inhibitors. Clin J Gastroenterol 2024; 17:263-270. [PMID: 38060157 PMCID: PMC10960887 DOI: 10.1007/s12328-023-01893-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interleukin (IL)-17A is essential for intestinal mucosal integrity, contributing to the prevention of detrimental immunity such as infectious colitis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Indeed, neutralization of IL-17A has been abandoned as a therapeutic principle in IBD because of increased disease activity. However, it is controversial whether IL-17A inhibitors increase the risk of developing colitis in patients who do not have underlying IBD. Here, we present two cases of different forms of colitis that occurred during treatment with two IL-17A inhibitors, secukinumab and ixekizumab. CASE PRESENTATIONS We report the case of a 35-year-old female with SAPHO (synovitis-acne-pustulosis-hyperostosis-osteitis) syndrome who was admitted due to severe colitis with bloody diarrhea, fever, abdominal pain and weight loss after receiving secukinumab for 3 months as well as the case of a 41-year-old male with psoriatic arthritis who presented himself to the outpatient clinic with bloody stools, abdominal pain and nausea 5 months after changing his therapy from secukinumab to ixekizumab. In both patients, treatment with IL-17A-inhibitors was stopped and tumor necrosis factor inhibitors were started. Both patients recovered, are clinically stable and show no more signs of active colitis. CONCLUSION The role of IL-17A inhibitors in the pathogenesis of infectious colitis and new-onset IBD is not fully understood and requires further research. Patients receiving IL-17A-inhibitor therapy should be carefully screened and notified of the possible side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Grümme
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine IV, LMU Clinic Munich, Pettenkoferstraße 8a, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Sophia Dombret
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine IV, LMU Clinic Munich, Pettenkoferstraße 8a, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Knösel
- Institute of Pathology, LMU Clinic Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alla Skapenko
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine IV, LMU Clinic Munich, Pettenkoferstraße 8a, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Hendrik Schulze-Koops
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine IV, LMU Clinic Munich, Pettenkoferstraße 8a, 80336, Munich, Germany.
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Afroz M, Bhuia MS, Rahman MA, Hasan R, Islam T, Islam MR, Chowdhury R, Khan MA, Antas E Silva D, Melo Coutinho HD, Islam MT. Anti-diarrheal effect of piperine possibly through the interaction with inflammation inducing enzymes: In vivo and in silico studies. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 965:176289. [PMID: 38158111 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Piperine is a natural alkaloid that possesses a variety of therapeutic properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, and anticarcinogenic activities. The present study aims to assess the medicinal benefits of piperine as an anti-diarrheal agent in a chick model by utilizing in vivo and in silico techniques. For this, castor oil was administered orally to 2-day-old chicks to cause diarrhea. Bismuth subsalicylate (10 mg/kg), loperamide (3 mg/kg), and nifedipine (2.5 mg/kg) were used as positive controls, while the vehicle was utilized as a negative control. Two different doses (25 and 50 mg/kg b.w.) of the test sample (piperine) were administered orally, and the highest dose was tested with standards to investigate the synergistic activity of the test sample. In our findings, piperine prolonged the latent period while reducing the number of diarrheal feces in the experimental chicks during the monitoring period (4 h). At higher doses, piperine appears to reduce diarrheal secretion while increasing latency in chicks. Throughout the combined pharmacotherapy, piperine outperformed bismuth subsalicylate and nifedipine in terms of anti-diarrheal effects with loperamide. In molecular docking, piperine exhibited higher binding affinities towards different inflammatory enzymes such as cyclooxygenase 1 (-7.9 kcal/mol), cyclooxygenase 2 (-8.4 kcal/mol), nitric oxide synthases (-8.9 kcal/mol), and L-type calcium channel (-8.8 kcal/mol), indicating better interaction of PP with these proteins. In conclusion, piperine showed a potent anti-diarrheal effect in castor oil-induced diarrheal chicks by suppressing the inflammation and calcium ion influx induced by castor oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meher Afroz
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Shimul Bhuia
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Anisur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Islamic University, Kushtia, 7003, Bangladesh.
| | - Rubel Hasan
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh.
| | - Tawhida Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Rakibul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh.
| | - Raihan Chowdhury
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Ali Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh.
| | | | | | - Muhammad Torequl Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh.
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10
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Gu X, Liu M, Wang M, Wang K, Zhou T, Wu Q, Dong N. Corin deficiency alleviates mucosal lesions in a mouse model of colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium. Life Sci 2024; 339:122446. [PMID: 38246520 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
AIMS High dietary salt consumption is a risk factor for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Corin is a protease that activates atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), thereby regulating sodium homeostasis. Corin acts in multiple tissues, including the intestine. In mice, corin deficiency impairs intestinal sodium excretion. This study aims to examine if reduced intestinal sodium excretion alters the pathophysiology of IBD. MAIN METHODS Wild-type (WT), Corin knockout (KO), and Corin kidney conditional KO (kcKO) mice were tested in a colitis model induced by dextran sulfide sodium (DSS). Effects of ANP on DSS-induced colitis were tested in WT and Corin KO mice. Body weight changes in the mice were monitored. Necropsy, histological analysis, and immunostaining studies were conducted to examine colon length and mucosal lesions. Fecal sodium levels were measured. RT-PCR was done to analyze proinflammatory genes in colon samples. KEY FINDINGS DSS-treated Corin KO mice had an ameliorated colitis phenotype with less body weight loss, longer colon lengths, smaller mucosal lesions, lower disease scores, more preserved goblet cells, and suppressed proinflammatory genes in the colon. In longitudinal studies, the DSS-treated Corin KO mice had delayed onset of colon mucosal lesions. ANP administration lessened the colitis in WT, but not Corin KO, mice. Analyses of WT, Corin KO, and Corin kcKO mice indicated that fecal sodium excretion, controlled by intestinal corin, may regulate inflammatory responses in DSS-induced colitis in mice. SIGNIFICANCE Our findings indicate a role of corin in intestinal pathophysiology, suggesting that reduced intestinal sodium level may offer protective benefits against IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiabing Gu
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital and Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Meng Liu
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Mengting Wang
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital and Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital and Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Tiantian Zhou
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qingyu Wu
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Ningzheng Dong
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital and Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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11
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Huisman D, Burrows T, Sweeney L, Bannister K, Moss-Morris R. 'Symptom-free' when inflammatory bowel disease is in remission: Expectations raised by online resources. PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING 2024; 119:108034. [PMID: 37952400 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2023.108034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Up to 60% of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) experience symptoms when in remission. Qualitative research suggests patients seldom feel they receive adequate explanations for these. This study explores how, and how often, ongoing symptoms during remission are represented on readily searchable patient websites. METHODS Bing, Google, and Yahoo were searched for websites providing medical information about IBD. Thematic analysis was used to inductively explore themes around symptoms during quiescent IBD, followed by deductive content analysis to quantify core themes. RESULTS Results indicated that remission is commonly defined as "few or no symptoms" and that there is limited information available on symptoms during remission. 55.6% of IBD websites provided a definition of remission based on symptom control only, while 44.4% also incorporated inflammatory control. The few websites that mentioned that symptoms may continue during remission (21.7%) related these to IBS. CONCLUSIONS Current website information is predominantly biomedical and fails to adequately explain how symptoms may persist during remission and how IBS and IBD may be linked. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Lack of explanatory models of symptoms in remission may lead to distress and increase anxiety about symptoms. Clearer explanations of these symptoms are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Taylor Burrows
- Health Psychology Section, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Louise Sweeney
- Health Psychology Section, King's College London, London, UK
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12
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Liu S, Zhi Y, Zhang R, You Y, You W, Xu Q, Li J, Li J. Cronkhite‒Canada syndrome as inflammatory hamartomatous polyposis: new evidence from whole transcriptome sequencing of colonic polyps. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2024; 19:35. [PMID: 38297356 PMCID: PMC10832113 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-024-03038-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cronkhite-Canada syndrome (CCS) is a rare, nonhereditary disease characterized by diffuse gastrointestinal polyposis and ectodermal abnormalities. Although it has been proposed to be a chronic inflammatory condition, direct evidence of its pathogenesis is lacking. This study aims to investigate the pathophysiology of CCS by analyzing transcriptomic changes in the colonic microenvironment. METHODS Next-generation sequencing-based genome-wide transcriptional profiling was performed on colonic hamartomatous polyps from four CCS patients and normal colonic mucosa from four healthy volunteers. Analyses of differential expression and multiple enrichment analyses were conducted from the molecular level to the cellular level. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was carried out to validate the sequencing accuracy in samples from six CCS patients and six healthy volunteers. RESULTS A total of 543 differentially expressed genes were identified, including an abundance of CC- and CXC-chemokines. Innate immune response-related pathways and processes, such as leukocyte chemotaxis, cytokine production, IL-17, TNF, IL-1 and NF-kB signaling pathways, were prominently enhanced in CCS colonic polyps. Upregulation of wound healing, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, Wnt, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways were also observed. Enrichment analyses at different levels identified extracellular structure disorganization, dysfunction of the gut mucosal barrier, and increased angiogenesis. Validation by qRT-PCR confirmed increased expression of the LCN2, IL1B, CXCL1, and CXCL3 genes in CCS colonic polyps. CONCLUSIONS This case-control whole transcriptome analysis of active CCS colonic hamartomatous polyps revealed intricate molecular pathways, emphasizing the role of the innate immune response, extracellular matrix disorganization, inflammatory cell infiltration, increased angiogenesis, and potential epithelial to mesenchymal transition. These findings supports CCS as a chronic inflammatory condition and sheds light on potential therapeutic targets, paving the way for more effective and personalized management of CCS in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Liu
- Department of Allergy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, 100730, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunfei Zhi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Runfeng Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Yan You
- Department of Pathology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, 100730, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen You
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 210029, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiushi Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingnan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China.
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Xu W, Tang W, Ding W, Hua Z, Wang Y, Ge X, Cui L, Wu X, Zhou W, Ding Z, Du P. Surgical Options for Appropriate Length of J-Pouch Construction for Better Outcomes and Long-term Quality of Life in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis after Ileal Pouch-Anal Anastomosis. Gut Liver 2024; 18:85-96. [PMID: 36987383 PMCID: PMC10791498 DOI: 10.5009/gnl220471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Total proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) is widely accepted as a radical surgery for refractory ulcerative colitis (UC). Definite results on the appropriate pouch length for an evaluation of the risk-to-benefit ratio regarding technical complications and long-term quality of life (QOL) are still scarce. Methods Data on UC patients who underwent IPAA from 2008 to 2022 in four well-established pouch centers affiliated to China UC Pouch Center Union were collected. Results A total of 208 patients with a median follow-up time of 6.0 years (interquartile range, 2.3 to 9.0 years) were enrolled. The median lengths of the patients' short and long pouches were 14.0 cm (interquartile range, 14.0 to 15.0 cm) and 22.0 cm (interquartile range, 20.0 to 24.0 cm), respectively. Patients with a short J pouch configuration were less likely to achieve significantly improved long-term QOL (p=0.015) and were prone to develop late postoperative complications (p=0.042), such as increased defecation frequency (p=0.003) and pouchitis (p=0.035). A short ileal pouch was an independent risk factor for the development of late postoperative complications (odds ratio, 3.100; 95% confidence interval, 1.519 to 6.329; p=0.002) and impaired longterm QOL improvement (odds ratio, 2.221; 95% confidence interval, 1.218 to 4.050, p=0.009). Conclusions The length of the J pouch was associated with the improvement in long-term QOL and the development of late post-IPAA complications. A long J pouch configuration could be a considerable surgical option for pouch construction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weimin Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenbo Tang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjun Ding
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhebin Hua
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaosheng Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolong Ge
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Long Cui
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojian Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhao Ding
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Hubei Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Peng Du
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Amo‐Tachie S, Ocansey FK, Yeboah AD. Crohn's disease: An enigmatic variant with gastritis and ileal obstruction. Clin Case Rep 2024; 12:e8371. [PMID: 38161629 PMCID: PMC10753134 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.8371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
There are multiple atypical manifestations of Crohn's disease, which sometimes delay diagnosis or even more often result in complete misdiagnosis, especially in poorly equipped facilities. This is the case of an elderly woman with Crohn's disease who presented with gastritis and bowel obstruction. She had hitherto been wrongly managed for peptic ulcer disease and functional constipation based mainly on her symptoms. Her diagnosis was made only after years of failed symptomatic management. This case aims to highlight the uncommon and easily misdiagnosed gastroduodenal presentation of Crohn's disease, as well as clinical clues to correctly diagnosing the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Amo‐Tachie
- Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsUniversity of Ghana Medical School, University of GhanaAccraGhana
- Department of Internal MedicineCape Coast Teaching HospitalCape CoastGhana
| | | | - Abena Durowaa Yeboah
- Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsUniversity of Ghana Medical School, University of GhanaAccraGhana
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15
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Esmaealzadeh N, Ram M, Abdolghaffari A, Marques AM, Bahramsoltani R. Toll-like receptors in inflammatory bowel disease: A review of the role of phytochemicals. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 123:155178. [PMID: 38007993 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammation within the gastrointestinal tract with a remarkable impact on patients' quality of life. Toll-like receptors (TLR), as a key contributor of immune system in inflammation, has a critical role in the pathogenesis of IBD and thus, can be a suitable target of therapeutic agents. Medicinal plants have long been considered as a source of bioactive agents for different diseases, including IBD. PURPOSE This review discusses current state of the art on the role of plant-derived compounds for the management of IBD with a focus on TLRs. METHODS Electronic database including PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched up to January 2023 and all studies in which anticolitis effects of a phytochemical was assessed via modulation of TLRs were considered. RESULTS Different categories of phytochemicals, including flavonoids, lignans, alkaloids, terpenes, saccharides, and saponins have demonstrated modulatory effects on TLR in different animal and cell models of bowel inflammation. Flavonoids were the most studied phytochemicals amongst others. Also, TLR4 was the most important type of TLRs which were modulated by phytochemicals. Other mechanisms such as inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines, nuclear factor-κB pathway, nitric oxide synthesis pathway, cyclooxygenase-2, lipid peroxidation, as well as induction of endogenous antioxidant defense mechanisms were also reported for phytochemicals in various IBD models. CONCLUSION Taken together, a growing body of pre-clinical evidence support the efficacy of herbal compounds for the treatment of IBD via modulation of TLRs. Future clinical studies are recommended to assess the safety and efficacy of these compounds in human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niusha Esmaealzadeh
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahboobe Ram
- Drug Design and Bioinformatics Unit, Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran; PhytoPharmacology Interest Group (PPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Abdolghaffari
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; GI Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - André Mesquita Marques
- Department of Natural Products, Institute of Drug Technology (Farmanguinhos), FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Roodabeh Bahramsoltani
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; PhytoPharmacology Interest Group (PPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
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16
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Tay VXP, Mohamed Noor NA, Tan LB. Effects of fibre-supplemented enteral feeds on bowel function of non-critically ill tube-fed adults: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Br J Nutr 2023; 130:2076-2087. [PMID: 37272621 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523001289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Diarrhoea is common in enterally fed patients and can impact their nutritional and overall outcomes. This meta-analysis evaluates the potential benefits of fibre-supplemented (FS) feeds on incidence of diarrhoea and stool frequency in non-critically ill tube-fed adults. Databases including PubMed, Embase and CINAHL with full text were searched for randomised controlled trials (RCT) with adults on exclusive tube feeding, published until August 2022. The Cochrane Collaboration's tool was used for quality assessment. Studies with published results on incidence of diarrhoea and stool frequency were analysed using RevMan 5. Thirteen RCT with 847 non-critically ill patients between 20 and 90 years old without diarrhoea at the onset of enteral feeding were included. Study duration ranged from 3 to 35 d. Nine papers investigated the incidence of diarrhoea where intervention group was given FS and control was given non-fibre-supplemented (NFS) enteral feeds. Those receiving FS feeds were significantly less likely to experience diarrhoea as compared with those using NFS feeds (OR 0·44; 95 % CI 0·20, 0·95; P = 0·04; I2 = 71 %). Combined analysis showed no differences in stool frequency in those receiving NFS feeds (SMD 0·32; 95 % CI -0·53, 1·16; P = 0·47; I2 = 90 %). Results should be interpreted with caution due to considerable heterogeneity between study population, assessment tool for diarrhoea, potential conflict of interest and short duration of studies. This meta-analysis shows that FS feeds can reduce the incidence of diarrhoea in non-critically ill adults; however, the effects of stool frequency remain debatable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Xin Pei Tay
- Department of Dietetics, Singapore General Hospital, Outram Road Singapore 169608, Singapore
| | | | - Lee Boo Tan
- Department of Dietetics, Singapore General Hospital, Outram Road Singapore 169608, Singapore
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Awad K, Barmeyer C, Bojarski C, Nagel O, Lee IFM, Schweiger MR, Schulzke JD, Bücker R. Epithelial Barrier Dysfunction in Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS-D) via Downregulation of Claudin-1. Cells 2023; 12:2846. [PMID: 38132165 PMCID: PMC10741936 DOI: 10.3390/cells12242846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In patients with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D), the diarrheal mechanisms are largely unknown, and they were examined in this study on colon biopsies. METHODS Electrophysiological measurements were used for monitoring functional changes in the diarrheic colon specimens. In parallel, tight junction protein expression was analyzed by Western blot and confocal laser-scanning microscopy, and signaling pathway analysis was performed using RNA sequencing and bioinformatics. RESULTS Epithelial resistance was decreased, indicating an epithelial leak flux diarrheal mechanism with a molecular correlate of decreased claudin-1 expression, while induction of active anion secretion and impairment of active sodium absorption via the epithelial sodium channel, ENaC, were not detected. The pathway analysis revealed activation of barrier-affecting cytokines TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β and IL-4. CONCLUSIONS Barrier dysfunction as a result of epithelial tight junction changes plays a role in IBS-D as a pathomechanism inducing a leak flux type of diarrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karem Awad
- Clinical Physiology/Nutritional Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, 12203 Berlin, Germany (O.N.)
| | - Christian Barmeyer
- Clinical Physiology/Nutritional Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, 12203 Berlin, Germany (O.N.)
| | - Christian Bojarski
- Clinical Physiology/Nutritional Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, 12203 Berlin, Germany (O.N.)
| | - Oliver Nagel
- Clinical Physiology/Nutritional Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, 12203 Berlin, Germany (O.N.)
| | - In-Fah M. Lee
- Clinical Physiology/Nutritional Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, 12203 Berlin, Germany (O.N.)
| | - Michal R. Schweiger
- Institute for Translational Epigenetics, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Jörg-Dieter Schulzke
- Clinical Physiology/Nutritional Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, 12203 Berlin, Germany (O.N.)
| | - Roland Bücker
- Clinical Physiology/Nutritional Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, 12203 Berlin, Germany (O.N.)
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Zhang Y, Zhang S, Sun Z, Liu X, Liao G, Niu Z, Kan Z, Xu S, Zhang J, Zou H, Zhang X, Song Z. Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus causes diarrhea by activating EGFR to regulates NHE3 activity and mobility on plasma membrane. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1237913. [PMID: 38029193 PMCID: PMC10655020 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1237913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
As part of the genus Enteropathogenic Coronaviruses, Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (PEDV) is an important cause of early diarrhea and death in piglets, and one of the most difficult swine diseases to prevent and control in the pig industry. Previously, we found that PEDV can block Na+ absorption and induce diarrhea in piglets by inhibiting the activity of the sodium-hydrogen ion transporter NHE3 in pig intestinal epithelial cells, but the mechanism needs to be further explored. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has been proved to be one of the co-receptors involved in many viral infections and a key protein involved in the regulation of NHE3 activity in response to various pathological stimuli. Based on this, our study used porcine intestinal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2) as an infection model to investigate the role of EGFR in regulating NHE3 activity after PEDV infection. The results showed that EGFR mediated viral invasion by interacting with PEDV S1, and activated EGFR regulated the downstream EGFR/ERK signaling pathway, resulting in decreased expression of NHE3 and reduced NHE3 mobility at the plasma membrane, which ultimately led to decreased NHE3 activity. The low level of NHE3 expression in intestinal epithelial cells may be a key factor leading to PEDV-induced diarrhea in newborn piglets. This study reveals the importance of EGFR in the regulation of NHE3 activity by PEDV and provides new targets and clues for the prevention and treatment of PEDV-induced diarrhea in piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- YiLing Zhang
- School of Animal Medicine, Southwest University Rongchang Campus, Chongqing, China
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Three Gorges Vocational College, Chongqing, China
| | - Shujuan Zhang
- School of Animal Medicine, Southwest University Rongchang Campus, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- School of Animal Medicine, Southwest University Rongchang Campus, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiangyang Liu
- School of Animal Medicine, Southwest University Rongchang Campus, Chongqing, China
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Guisong Liao
- School of Animal Medicine, Southwest University Rongchang Campus, Chongqing, China
| | - Zheng Niu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Shanxi, China
| | - ZiFei Kan
- School of Animal Medicine, Southwest University Rongchang Campus, Chongqing, China
- School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, China
| | - ShaSha Xu
- School of Animal Medicine, Southwest University Rongchang Campus, Chongqing, China
| | - JingYi Zhang
- School of Animal Medicine, Southwest University Rongchang Campus, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong Zou
- School of Animal Medicine, Southwest University Rongchang Campus, Chongqing, China
| | - Xingcui Zhang
- School of Animal Medicine, Southwest University Rongchang Campus, Chongqing, China
| | - ZhenHui Song
- School of Animal Medicine, Southwest University Rongchang Campus, Chongqing, China
- Immunology Research Center, Institute of Medical Research, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Megersa A, Dereje B, Adugna M, Ayalew Getahun K, Birru EM. Evaluation of Anti-Diarrheal Activities of the 80% Methanol Extract and Solvent Fractions of Maesa lanceolata Forssk (Myrsinaceae) Leaves in Mice. J Exp Pharmacol 2023; 15:391-405. [PMID: 37904837 PMCID: PMC10613406 DOI: 10.2147/jep.s429403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Due to the limits of present antidiarrheal medications, it is critical to seek novel, safe, and inexpensive antidiarrheal agents. Thus, the goal of this study was to assess the antidiarrheal activity of 80% methanol crude extract and solvent fractions of Maesa lanceolata leaves in mice. Methods Leaf powder was extracted by 80% methanol and then fractionated with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and distilled water. At 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, the effects of the crude extract on castor oil-induced diarrhea, enteropooling, and gastrointestinal motility tests were investigated. Tween 2% and atropine used as negative and positive controls, respectively. A gastrointestinal motility test was used to explore the anti-motility effects. Data were analyzed with SPSS V. 26, and the significance was established with a one-way ANOVA followed by a post hoc Tukey's test. Results The crude extract delayed the onset of diarrhea and significantly reduced the number of fecal drops at 100 (p<0.05), 200 and 400 mg/kg (p<0.001). Similarly, the number and weight of wet feces, as well as total fresh feces, were reduced at 200 (p<0.05) and 400 mg/kg (p<0.001) compared to Tween 2%. The enteropooling test demonstrated that the extracts significantly reduced the volume and weight of intestine content at 200 (p<0.05) and 400 mg/kg (p<0.001). The anti-motility activity test revealed that the all extracts decreased gastrointestinal motility significantly (p<0.001). The ethyl acetate fraction significantly reduced gastrointestinal transit time at all doses (p<0.001). At 400 mg/kg, the activities of the n-hexane fraction were significant (p<0.01). The efficacy of the residual aqueous fraction on gastrointestinal motility was significant at 200 (p<0.05) and 400 mg/kg (p<0.001). Conclusion The 80% methanol extract of Maesa lanceolata Forssk leaf and solvent fractions were shown to exhibit potent antidiarrheal activity in the current study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alemayehu Megersa
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, Dire Dawa University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
| | - Beyene Dereje
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, Dire Dawa University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
| | - Meaza Adugna
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Kefyalew Ayalew Getahun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Eshetie Melese Birru
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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20
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Dong Y, Johnson BA, Ruan L, Zeineldin M, Liu AZ, Raychaudhuri S, Chiu I, Zhu J, Smith B, Zhao N, Searson P, Watanabe S, Donowitz M, Larman TC, Li R. Disruption of Epithelium Integrity by Inflammation-Associated Fibroblasts through Prostaglandin Signaling: IAFs disrupt colon epithelium via PGE2-EP4. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.28.560060. [PMID: 37808771 PMCID: PMC10557697 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.28.560060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation-associated fibroblasts (IAFs) are associated with the progression and drug resistance of chronic inflammatory diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but their direct impact on epithelial function and architecture is unknown. In this study, we developed an in vitro model whereby human colon fibroblasts are induced to become IAFs by specific cytokines and recapitulate key features of IAFs in vivo. When co-cultured with patient-derived colon organoids (colonoids), IAFs induced rapid colonoid swelling and barrier disruption due to swelling and rupture of individual epithelial cells. Epithelial cells co-cultured with IAFs also exhibit increased DNA damage, mitotic errors, and proliferation arrest. These IAF-induced epithelial defects are mediated through a paracrine pathway involving prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and the PGE2 receptor EP4, leading to PKA-dependent activation of the CFTR chloride channel. Importantly, EP4-specific chemical inhibitors effectively prevented colonoid swelling and restored normal proliferation and genome stability of IAF-exposed epithelial cells. These findings reveal a mechanism by which IAFs could promote and perpetuate IBD and suggest a potential treatment to mitigate inflammation-associated epithelial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Dong
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine; Baltimore, MD, 21205, U.S.A
| | - Blake A. Johnson
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine; Baltimore, MD, 21205, U.S.A
| | - Linhao Ruan
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine; Baltimore, MD, 21205, U.S.A
| | - Maged Zeineldin
- Department of Pathology, Division of GI/Liver Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine; Baltimore, MD, 21205, U.S.A
| | - Albert Z. Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine; Baltimore, MD, 21205, U.S.A
| | - Sumana Raychaudhuri
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine; Baltimore, MD, 21205, U.S.A
| | - Ian Chiu
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine; Baltimore, MD, 21205, U.S.A
| | - Jin Zhu
- Mechanobiology Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore; Singapore
| | - Barbara Smith
- Microscope Facility, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine; Baltimore, MD, 21205, U.S.A
| | - Nan Zhao
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University; Baltimore, Maryland, 21218, U.S.A
| | - Peter Searson
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University; Baltimore, Maryland, 21218, U.S.A
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University; Baltimore, MD, 21218, U.S.A
| | - Shigeki Watanabe
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine; Baltimore, MD, 21205, U.S.A
| | - Mark Donowitz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine; Baltimore, MD, 21205, U.S.A
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine; Baltimore, MD, 21205, U.S.A
| | - Tatianna C. Larman
- Department of Pathology, Division of GI/Liver Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine; Baltimore, MD, 21205, U.S.A
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine; Baltimore, MD, 21205, U.S.A
- Mechanobiology Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore; Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore; Singapore
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21
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Hu C, Liao S, Lv L, Li C, Mei Z. Intestinal Immune Imbalance is an Alarm in the Development of IBD. Mediators Inflamm 2023; 2023:1073984. [PMID: 37554552 PMCID: PMC10406561 DOI: 10.1155/2023/1073984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune regulation plays a crucial role in human health and disease. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic relapse bowel disease with an increasing incidence worldwide. Clinical treatments for IBD are limited and inefficient. However, the pathogenesis of immune-mediated IBD remains unclear. This review describes the activation of innate and adaptive immune functions by intestinal immune cells to regulate intestinal immune balance and maintain intestinal mucosal integrity. Changes in susceptible genes, autophagy, energy metabolism, and other factors interact in a complex manner with the immune system, eventually leading to intestinal immune imbalance and the onset of IBD. These events indicate that intestinal immune imbalance is an alarm for IBD development, further opening new possibilities for the unprecedented development of immunotherapy for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunli Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Shengtao Liao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Lin Lv
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Chuanfei Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Zhechuan Mei
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
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22
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Martyniak A, Wędrychowicz A, Tomasik PJ. Endogenous Opioids in Crohn's Disease. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2037. [PMID: 37509676 PMCID: PMC10377721 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11072037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Caring for patients with Crohn's disease (CD) is a serious challenge in modern medicine. The increasing incidence of CD among adolescents and the severe course of the disease create the need for new methods of diagnosis and therapy. Endogenous opioids are a group of low molecular weight chemical compounds with analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. Endorphins, enkephalins, and dynorphins may have potentially beneficial effects on the course of CD. Previous research data on this topic are inconsistent. Some authors have reported an increase in the concentration of leukocytes during the course of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) while others have described a downward trend, explained by DPP-IV enzyme activity. Even fewer data are available on plasma endo-opioid level. There is also a lack of comprehensive studies that have assessed the endo-opioid system in patients with IBD. Therefore, the objective of this study was to measure the serum concentrations of human β-endorphin, human proenkephalin (A), and human big dynorphin in CD patients in the acute phase of the disease, during hospital treatment, and in the remission state. All determinations were performed using ELISA kits. The results of our study showed that the concentrations of all the tested endo-opioids, especially β-endorphin and proenkephalin (A), were reduced in adolescents with CD compared to those in the healthy control group, during the acute phase of the disease, and in the remission state. Modulation of the endogenous opioid system and the use of selective nonnarcotic agonists of opioid receptors seems to be promising goals in the future treatment of CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Martyniak
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Pediatric Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-663 Krakow, Poland
| | - Andrzej Wędrychowicz
- Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Pediatric Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-663 Krakow, Poland
| | - Przemysław J Tomasik
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Pediatric Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-663 Krakow, Poland
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23
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Mohamed MZ, Abed El Baky MF, Mokhemer SA, Hafez HM. Mirabegron alleviates acetic acid-induced colitis in rats: role of adiponectin and GSTM1/GSH detoxification pathway. Toxicology 2023:153586. [PMID: 37414241 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of the debilitating chronic disease ulcerative colitis (UC) is increasing significantly. Mirabegron is a selective beta-3 adrenergic receptor (β-3 AR) agonist used to treat an overactive bladder. Previous reports have demonstrated the antidiarrheal effect of β-3AR agonists. Therefore, the current study aims to investigate the potential symptomatic effects of mirabegron on an experimental colitis model. The effects of oral administration of mirabegron (10mg/kg) for seven days on rats receiving intra-rectal acetic acid instillation on the sixth day were examined using adult male Wistar rats. Sulfasalazine was utilized as a reference medication. Gross, microscopic, and biochemical observations of the experimental colitis were performed. The quantity and mucin content of goblet cells were found to have significantly decreased in the colitis group. In the colons of rats administered mirabegron, the number of goblet cells and the optical density of its mucin content increased. Mirabegron's ability to increase adiponectin in serum and decrease glutathione, GSTM1, and catalase in the colon may account for its protective effects. In addition, mirabegron decreased the expression of the proteins caspase-3 and NF-κB p65. It also prevented the activation of their upstream signaling receptors TLR4 and p-AKT by acetic acid administration. In conclusion, mirabegron prevented acetic acid-induced colitis in rats, possibly due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mervat Z Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, 61511 Minia, Egypt.
| | | | - Sahar A Mokhemer
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, 61511 Minia, Egypt
| | - Heba M Hafez
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, 61511 Minia, Egypt
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24
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Heilmann RM, Csukovich G, Burgener IA, Dengler F. Time to eRAASe chronic inflammation: current advances and future perspectives on renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system and chronic intestinal inflammation in dogs and humans. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1180125. [PMID: 37456955 PMCID: PMC10340121 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1180125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic idiopathic intestinal inflammation is an increasing worldwide problem that affects companion animals, especially dogs, and human patients. Although these disease entities have been intensely investigated recently, many questions remain, and alternative therapeutic options are needed. Diarrhea caused by dysregulation of intestinal electrolyte transport and subsequent fluid and electrolyte losses often leads to secondary consequences for the patient. Currently, it is not exactly clear which mechanisms are involved in the dysregulation of intestinal fluid absorption, but differences in intestinal electrolyte shifts between human and canine patients suggest species-specific regulatory or counterregulatory mechanisms. Several intestinal electrolyte transporters are differentially expressed in human patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), whereas there are virtually no studies on electrolyte transporters and their endocrine regulation in canine chronic inflammatory enteropathy. An important mechanism involved in regulating fluid and electrolyte homeostasis is the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system (RAAS), which may affect intestinal Na+ transport. While RAAS has previously been considered a systemic regulator of blood pressure, additional complex roles of RAAS in inflammatory processes have been unraveled. These alternative RAAS pathways may pose attractive therapeutic targets to address diarrhea and, thus, electrolyte shifts in human IBD and canine chronic inflammatory enteropathy. This article comparatively summarizes the current knowledge about electrolyte transport in human IBD and canine chronic inflammatory enteropathy and the role of RAAS and offers perspectives for novel therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romy M. Heilmann
- Department for Small Animals, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Georg Csukovich
- Small Animal Internal Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Iwan A. Burgener
- Small Animal Internal Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Franziska Dengler
- Institute of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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25
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Swastha D, Varsha N, Aravind S, Samyuktha KB, Yokesh MM, Balde A, Ayilya BL, Benjakul S, Kim SK, Nazeer RA. Alginate-based drug carrier systems to target inflammatory bowel disease: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125472. [PMID: 37336375 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an inflammatory disorder that affects the gastrointestinal tract. IBD has become an increasingly common condition in both developed and developing nations over the last few decades, owing to a variety of factors like a rising population and diets packed with processed and junk foods. While the root pathophysiology of IBD is unknown, treatments are focused on medications aimed to mitigate symptoms. Alginate (AG), a marine-derived polysaccharide, is extensively studied for its biocompatibility, pH sensitivity, and crosslinking nature. This polymer is thoroughly researched in drug delivery systems for IBD treatment, as it is naturally available, non-toxic, cost effective, and can be easily and safely cross-linked with other polymers to form an interconnected network, which helps in controlling the release of drugs over an extended period. There are various types of drug delivery systems developed from AG to deliver therapeutic agents; among them, nanotechnology-based systems and hydrogels are popular due to their ability to facilitate targeted drug delivery, reduce dosage, and increase the therapeutic efficiency. AG-based carrier systems are not only used for the sustained release of drug, but also used in the delivery of siRNA, interleukins, and stem cells for site directed drug delivery and tissue regenerating ability respectively. This review is focussed on pathogenesis and currently studied medications for IBD, AG-based drug delivery systems and their properties for the alleviation of IBD. Moreover, future challenges are also be discoursed to improve the research of AG in the field of biopharmaceuticals and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinakar Swastha
- Biopharmaceuticals Lab, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRMInstitute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, 603203, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Nambolan Varsha
- Biopharmaceuticals Lab, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRMInstitute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, 603203, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Suresh Aravind
- Biopharmaceuticals Lab, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRMInstitute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, 603203, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Kavassery Balasubramanian Samyuktha
- Biopharmaceuticals Lab, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRMInstitute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, 603203, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Muruganandam Mohaneswari Yokesh
- Biopharmaceuticals Lab, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRMInstitute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, 603203, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Akshad Balde
- Biopharmaceuticals Lab, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRMInstitute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, 603203, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Bakthavatchalam Loganathan Ayilya
- Biopharmaceuticals Lab, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRMInstitute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, 603203, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Soottawat Benjakul
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkhla University, 90112 Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Se-Kwon Kim
- Department of Marine Science and Convergence Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, 11558, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Rasool Abdul Nazeer
- Biopharmaceuticals Lab, Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRMInstitute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, 603203, Tamilnadu, India.
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26
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Sarker R, Lin R, Singh V, Donowitz M, Tse CM. SLC26A3 (DRA) is stimulated in a synergistic, intracellular Ca 2+-dependent manner by cAMP and ATP in intestinal epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 324:C1263-C1273. [PMID: 37154494 PMCID: PMC10243534 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00523.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
In polarized intestinal epithelial cells, downregulated in adenoma (DRA) is an apical Cl-/[Formula: see text] exchanger that is part of neutral NaCl absorption under baseline conditions, but in cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-driven diarrheas, it is stimulated and contributes to increased anion secretion. To further understand the regulation of DRA in conditions mimicking some diarrheal diseases, Caco-2/BBE cells were exposed to forskolin (FSK) and adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP). FSK and ATP stimulated DRA in a concentration-dependent manner, with ATP acting via P2Y1 receptors. FSK at 1 µM and ATP at 0.25 µM had minimal to no effect on DRA given individually; however, together, they stimulated DRA to levels seen with maximum concentrations of FSK and ATP alone. In Caco-2/BBE cells expressing the Ca2+ indicator GCaMP6s, ATP increased intracellular Ca2+ (Ca2+i) in a concentration-dependent manner, whereas FSK (1 µM), which by itself did not significantly alter Ca2+i, followed by 0.25 µM ATP produced a large increase in Ca2+ that was approximately equal to the elevation caused by 1 µM ATP. 1,2-Bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid tetrakis(acetoxymethyl ester) (BAPTA-AM) pretreatment prevented the ATP and FSK/ATP synergistically increased the DRA activity and the increase in Ca2+i caused by FSK/ATP. FSK/ATP synergistic stimulation of DRA was similarly observed in human colonoids. In Caco-2/BBE cells, subthreshold concentrations of FSK (cAMP) and ATP (Ca2+) synergistically increased Ca2+i and stimulated DRA activity with both being blocked by BAPTA-AM pretreatment. Diarrheal diseases, such as bile acid diarrhea, in which both cAMP and Ca2+ are elevated, are likely to be associated with stimulated DRA activity contributing to increased anion secretion, whereas separation of DRA from Na+/H+ exchanger isoform-3 (NHE3) contributes to reduced NaCl absorption.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The BB Cl-/[Formula: see text] exchanger DRA takes part in both neutral NaCl absorption and stimulated anion secretion. Using intestinal cell line, Caco-2/BBE high concentrations of cAMP and Ca2+ individually stimulated DRA activity, whereas low concentrations, which had no/minimal effect, synergistically stimulated DRA activity that required a synergistic increase in intracellular Ca2+. This study increases understanding of diarrheal diseases, such as bile salt diarrhea, in which both cAMP and elevated Ca2+ are involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafiquel Sarker
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Ruxian Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Varsha Singh
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Mark Donowitz
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
- Department of Physiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Chung-Ming Tse
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
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27
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Bandara Y, Priestnall SL, Chang YM, Kathrani A. Characterization of intestinal fibrosis in cats with chronic inflammatory enteropathy. J Vet Intern Med 2023; 37:936-947. [PMID: 37052621 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal fibrosis (IF) is commonly identified on histopathology of intestinal biopsy specimens (IBSp) from cats with chronic inflammatory enteropathy (CIE) however, its clinical relevance is unknown. OBJECTIVES Characterize and determine the clinical relevance of IF in cats with CIE. ANIMALS Sixty-five client-owned cats diagnosed with CIE after gastrointestinal histopathology from a single referral hospital in the United Kingdom. METHODS Medical records were retrospectively searched for cases of CIE on the basis of histopathology of IBSp. The IBSp from eligible cats were re-reviewed by a single board-certified veterinary pathologist for inclusion. Masson's trichrome (MT) stain and immunohistochemical labeling using antivimentin and anticollagen I antibodies to identify IF. For each case, various variables at the time of diagnostic investigation were recorded and referring veterinarians were contacted for follow-up information. RESULTS Mucosal fibrosis was identified in 51% of duodenal and 76% of colonic hematoxylin and eosin (HE)-stained IBSp. Vimentin labeling and MT staining identified additional cases of IF in 65% and 58% of the duodenal biopsy specimens, respectively. Vimentin labeling detected IF in 79% of the colonic biopsy specimens. Positive vimentin labeling and MT staining of the colonic mucosa were associated with decreased likelihood of attaining clinical remission and increased risk of death because of CIE (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Additional stains at initial histopathologic examination of IBSp allow for better identification of IF compared to routine HE staining. Identification of IF in colonic biopsy specimens by vimentin immunolabeling and MT staining may provide prognostic information in cats with CIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuvani Bandara
- Royal Veterinary College, University of London, London, UK
| | | | - Yu-Mei Chang
- Royal Veterinary College, University of London, London, UK
| | - Aarti Kathrani
- Royal Veterinary College, University of London, London, UK
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28
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Wehbe Z, Kreydiyyeh S. Cow milk-derived exosomes enhance the activity of the Na+/K+ ATPase in Caco-2 cells via EP3 and EP4 receptors. FOOD BIOSCI 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2023.102606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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29
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Yang R, Shan S, Shi J, Li H, An N, Li S, Cui K, Guo H, Li Z. Coprococcus eutactus, a Potent Probiotic, Alleviates Colitis via Acetate-Mediated IgA Response and Microbiota Restoration. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:3273-3284. [PMID: 36786768 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a complex disease characterized by relapsing episodes of inflammation of the colonic mucosa. Research into IBD suggests that this disease condition is caused by alterations in resident mucosal bacterial populations. Our previous study showed that Coprococcus was significantly elevated during the improvement of IBD. Human metagenome database GMrepo also indicates Coprococcus, in particular, Coprococcus eutactus (C. eutactus), which was negatively associated with IBD. The current study implied the alleviated effects and mechanisms of C. eutactus on dextran sodium sulfate-induced experimental colitis mice. Gavage with C. eutactus-ameliorated acute colitis, as evidenced, relieved weight loss, decreased concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, and increased anti-inflammatory factors, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-10. In addition, C. eutactus enhanced the maturation of goblet cells and the expressions of mucins and restored the expressions of tight junction proteins such as claudin-1, occludin, and ZO-1. As a short-chain fatty acid-producing bacterium, C. eutactus mainly generates acetic acid. Interestingly, not only high levels of secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) but also increased IgA-producing plasma cells were observed in colitis mice during the administration of C. eutactus. Importantly, our data demonstrated that colonic SIgA is specifically coated on pathogens of Enterobacteriaceae. Owing to the selective binding effect of SIgA on microorganisms, the microbial diversity in the intestinal lumen and mucosa of C. eutactus-treated colitis mice was significantly restored, and the microbiota structure was remodeled. These findings provide substantial insight that C. eutactus as a promising probiotic can ameliorate colitis. In conclusion, our findings may deliver a novel approach to the prevention and biotherapy of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruipeng Yang
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Shuhua Shan
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Jiangying Shi
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Hanqing Li
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Ning An
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Songtao Li
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Kaili Cui
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Huiqin Guo
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Zhuoyu Li
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
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30
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Hui MLY, Ng JHY, Cummings O, Chen N. Appendiceal diverticulitis and inflammatory bowel disease. J Surg Case Rep 2023; 2023:rjac586. [PMID: 36685123 PMCID: PMC9848048 DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjac586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Appendiceal diverticulitis is known as a rare pathology and its etiology remains largely unknown. We describe a case of a 41-year-old woman with a past history of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) who was admitted to the Emergency Department at a rural hospital in Australia with right iliac fossa pain (RIF) and later was found to have acute appendiceal diverticulitis on histopathologic studies. Thus far, no literature has described IBD as one of the possible contributing factors of appendiceal diverticulitis. This paper aims to shed light on the possible causative relation between appendiceal diverticulitis and IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Lok-Yung Hui
- Correspondence address. Bendigo Health, Bendigo, Victoria 3564, Australia; Tel: +61 412 759 526; E-mail:
| | - Justin Ho-Yin Ng
- General Medicine, Bendigo Health, Bendigo, Victoria 3564, Australia,General Surgery, Echuca Regional Health, Echuca, Victoria 3564, Australia
| | - Olivia Cummings
- General Surgery, Echuca Regional Health, Echuca, Victoria 3564, Australia
| | - Nelson Chen
- General Surgery, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria 3564, Australia
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Xu W, Wang Y, Hua Z, Hu H, Chen W, Cai Z, Cui L, Wu X, Lian L, Ding Z, Du P. Risk Factors and Quality of Life in Patients with Diffuse Pouchitis After Ileal Pouch Anal Anastomosis According to the Chicago Classification for J Pouch: a Retrospective Multicenter Cohort Study in China. J Gastrointest Surg 2023; 27:766-776. [PMID: 36596961 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-022-05563-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pouchitis is a common late complication in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) who undergo ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA). The heterogeneous nature of the clinical and endoscopic presentations could affect the evaluation of therapeutic interventions for pouchitis. Thus, identifying the risk factors and clinical outcomes of pouch inflammation at different sites and severity is becoming increasingly important for colorectal surgeons. METHODS Data on patients who underwent IPAA January from 2008 to June 2022 in our three pouch centers affiliated with the China UC Pouch Center Union were retrospectively collected. Pouchitis was categorized as a different phenotype according to the Chicago Classification. J pouches were classified into short (14 ± 2 cm) and long pouches (22 ± 2 cm) according to the distribution of ileal pouch length in our institute. RESULTS Altogether, 143 patients with a median follow-up time of 5.0 years (interquartile range: 2.0-8.0) were enrolled. Among them, 41 patients (28.7%) developed pouchitis and 32 patients (78%) had diffuse inflammation of the pouch. Patients with diffuse pouchitis had a higher pouchitis disease activity index and more seriously impaired improvement of long-term quality of life than those with pouch phenotypes. A short J pouch, recurrent UC, and preoperative high white blood cell count were independent risk factors for diffuse pouchitis. Furthermore, a short J pouch could effectively predict the occurrence of diffuse pouchitis with an area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve of 0.614, a sensitivity of 62.5%, and a specificity of 60.4% (p = 0.049) and significantly decreased the overall diffuse pouchitis-free survival compared to a long J pouch (p = 0.0002). CONCLUSION Diffuse pouchitis is a common phenotype of pouchitis that seriously impairs long-term prognosis. For colorectal surgeons, decision-making regarding pouch construction with an appropriate length should be considered to prevent the development of diffuse pouchitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weimin Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 200092, Shanghai, China.,China UC Pouch Center Union, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaosheng Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 200092, Shanghai, China.,China UC Pouch Center Union, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhebin Hua
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 200092, Shanghai, China.,China UC Pouch Center Union, Shanghai, China
| | - Hang Hu
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Hubei Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 430071, Wuhan, China.,China UC Pouch Center Union, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenhao Chen
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Hubei Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 430071, Wuhan, China.,China UC Pouch Center Union, Shanghai, China
| | - Zerong Cai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510655, Guangzhou, China.,China UC Pouch Center Union, Shanghai, China
| | - Long Cui
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 200092, Shanghai, China.,China UC Pouch Center Union, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojian Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510655, Guangzhou, China.,China UC Pouch Center Union, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Lian
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 510655, Guangzhou, China.,China UC Pouch Center Union, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhao Ding
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Hubei Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 430071, Wuhan, China. .,China UC Pouch Center Union, Shanghai, China.
| | - Peng Du
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 200092, Shanghai, China. .,China UC Pouch Center Union, Shanghai, China.
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A descriptive study of inflammatory bowel disease at an Egyptian tertiary care center. REVISTA DE GASTROENTEROLOGIA DE MEXICO (ENGLISH) 2023; 88:12-18. [PMID: 34887218 DOI: 10.1016/j.rgmxen.2021.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic intestinal disorders that trigger prolonged inflammation of the digestive tract. Its incidence and prevalence appear to be increasing in the African population and in Egypt. The present study aims to highlight the pattern and management of IBD in Egyptian patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two hundred patients with IBD were assessed for ulcerative colitis (UC), through the Mayo score, and for Crohn's disease (CD), with the Crohn's disease activity index (CDAI). RESULTS Median patient age was 35 years, with a predominance of females. UC was more common than CD (88% and 12%, respectively) and severity was moderate, in the majority of cases. Most UC patients had left-sided lesions, whereas ileitis was the most common finding (37.5%) in the CD patients. Proctitis was the least common finding in both diseases and Crohn's fistulizing disease was detected in 4.1% of the patients. Interestingly, peripheral arthropathy was the most common extraintestinal manifestation in the IBD patients (70%) and axial arthropathy was the least common (6%). Severe ocular or mucocutaneous involvement was very rare. Finally, biologic treatment was prescribed to 15.4% of the UC patients and 20.8% of the CD patients. CONCLUSIONS Although the clinical presentation of IBD in Egypt is comparable to that reported worldwide, diagnoses were found to be delayed. There were fewer cases of CD than UC, but more mild-to-moderate disease severity. The surveillance of patients with IBD must continue and awareness of the disease in the Egyptian medical community needs to increase. A national registry must be established, multicenter studies need to be conducted, and molecular diagnostics is recommended.
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Zhao C, Jiang Y, Yin H, Jin Z, Yuan J, Shang H, Song H. Hericium caput-medusae (Bull.: Fr.) Pers. Fermentation concentrate polysaccharide ameliorate diarrhea in DSS-induced early colitis by modulating ion channel. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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Fernandes SR, Serrazina J, Botto IA, Leal T, Guimarães A, Garcia JL, Rosa I, Prata R, Carvalho D, Neves J, Campelo P, Ventura S, Silva A, Coelho M, Sequeira C, Oliveira AP, Portela F, Ministro P, Tavares de Sousa H, Ramos J, Claro I, Gonçalves R, Correia LA, Marinho RT, Cortez‐Pinto H, Magro F. Transmural remission improves clinical outcomes up to 5 years in Crohn's disease. United European Gastroenterol J 2022; 11:51-59. [PMID: 36575615 PMCID: PMC9892415 DOI: 10.1002/ueg2.12356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Evidence supporting transmural remission (TR) as a long-term treatment target in Crohn's disease (CD) is still unavailable. Less stringent but more reachable targets such as isolated endoscopic (IER) or radiologic remission (IRR) may also be acceptable options in the long-term. METHODS Multicenter retrospective study including 404 CD patients evaluated by magnetic resonance enterography and colonoscopy. Five-year rates of hospitalization, surgery, use of steroids, and treatment escalation were compared between patients with TR, IER, IRR, and no remission (NR). RESULTS 20.8% of CD patients presented TR, 23.3% IER, 13.6% IRR and 42.3% NR. TR was associated with lower risk of hospitalization (odds-ratio [OR] 0.244 [0.111-0.538], p < 0.001), surgery (OR 0.132 [0.030-0.585], p = 0.008), steroid use (OR 0.283 [0.159-0.505], p < 0.001), and treatment escalation (OR 0.088 [0.044-0.176], p < 0.001) compared to no NR. IRR resulted in lower risk of hospitalization (OR 0.333 [0.143-0.777], p = 0.011) and treatment escalation (OR 0.260 [0.125-0.540], p < 0.001), while IER reduced the risk of steroid use (OR 0.442 [0.262-0.745], p = 0.002) and treatment escalation (OR 0.490 [0.259-0.925], p = 0.028) compared to NR. CONCLUSIONS TR improved clinical outcomes over 5 years of follow-up in CD patients. Distinct but significant benefits were seen with IER and IRR. This suggests that both endoscopic and radiologic remission should be part of the treatment targets of CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Raimundo Fernandes
- Serviço de Gastrenterologia e HepatologiaHospital Santa MariaCentro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa NorteClínica Universitária de Gastrenterologia, Faculdade de Medicina de LisboaLisboaPortugal
| | - Juliana Serrazina
- Serviço de Gastrenterologia e HepatologiaHospital Santa MariaCentro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa NorteClínica Universitária de Gastrenterologia, Faculdade de Medicina de LisboaLisboaPortugal
| | - Inês Ayala Botto
- Serviço de Gastrenterologia e HepatologiaHospital Santa MariaCentro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa NorteClínica Universitária de Gastrenterologia, Faculdade de Medicina de LisboaLisboaPortugal
| | - Tiago Leal
- Serviço de GastrenterologiaHospital de BragaBragaPortugal
| | | | - Joana Lemos Garcia
- Serviço de GastrenterologiaInstituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco GentilLisboaPortugal
| | - Isadora Rosa
- Serviço de GastrenterologiaInstituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco GentilLisboaPortugal
| | - Rita Prata
- Serviço de GastrenterologiaHospital Santo António dos CapuchosCentro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa CentralLisboaPortugal
| | - Diana Carvalho
- Serviço de GastrenterologiaHospital Santo António dos CapuchosCentro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa CentralLisboaPortugal
| | - João Neves
- Serviço de GastrenterologiaCentro Hospitalar Universitário do AlgarveBiomedical Center of AlgarveUniversity of AlgarvePortimãoPortugal
| | - Pedro Campelo
- Serviço de GastrenterologiaCentro Hospitalar Universitário do AlgarveBiomedical Center of AlgarveUniversity of AlgarvePortimãoPortugal
| | - Sofia Ventura
- Serviço de GastrenterologiaCentro Hospitalar Tondela ViseuViseuPortugal
| | - Andrea Silva
- Serviço de GastrenterologiaCentro Hospitalar Universitário CoimbraCoimbraPortugal
| | - Mariana Coelho
- Serviço de GastrenterologiaHospital de São BernardoSetúbalPortugal
| | | | | | - Francisco Portela
- Serviço de GastrenterologiaCentro Hospitalar Universitário CoimbraCoimbraPortugal
| | - Paula Ministro
- Serviço de GastrenterologiaCentro Hospitalar Tondela ViseuViseuPortugal
| | - Helena Tavares de Sousa
- Serviço de GastrenterologiaCentro Hospitalar Universitário do AlgarveBiomedical Center of AlgarveUniversity of AlgarvePortimãoPortugal
| | - Jaime Ramos
- Serviço de GastrenterologiaHospital Santo António dos CapuchosCentro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa CentralLisboaPortugal
| | - Isabel Claro
- Serviço de GastrenterologiaInstituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco GentilLisboaPortugal
| | | | - Luís Araújo Correia
- Serviço de Gastrenterologia e HepatologiaHospital Santa MariaCentro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa NorteClínica Universitária de Gastrenterologia, Faculdade de Medicina de LisboaLisboaPortugal
| | - Rui Tato Marinho
- Serviço de Gastrenterologia e HepatologiaHospital Santa MariaCentro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa NorteClínica Universitária de Gastrenterologia, Faculdade de Medicina de LisboaLisboaPortugal
| | - Helena Cortez‐Pinto
- Serviço de Gastrenterologia e HepatologiaHospital Santa MariaCentro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa NorteClínica Universitária de Gastrenterologia, Faculdade de Medicina de LisboaLisboaPortugal
| | - Fernando Magro
- Serviço de GastrenterologiaHospital de São JoãoPortoPortugal,Department of Pharmacology and TherapeuticsInstitute for Molecular and Cell BiologyUniversity of PortoPortoPortugal
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Insights into divalent cation regulation and G 13-coupling of orphan receptor GPR35. Cell Discov 2022; 8:135. [PMID: 36543774 PMCID: PMC9772185 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-022-00499-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Endogenous ions play important roles in the function and pharmacology of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) with limited atomic evidence. In addition, compared with G protein subtypes Gs, Gi/o, and Gq/11, insufficient structural evidence is accessible to understand the coupling mechanism of G12/13 protein by GPCRs. Orphan receptor GPR35, which is predominantly expressed in the gastrointestinal tract and is closely related to inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), stands out as a prototypical receptor for investigating ionic modulation and G13 coupling. Here we report a cryo-electron microscopy structure of G13-coupled GPR35 bound to an anti-allergic drug, lodoxamide. This structure reveals a novel divalent cation coordination site and a unique ionic regulatory mode of GPR35 and also presents a highly positively charged binding pocket and the complementary electrostatic ligand recognition mode, which explain the promiscuity of acidic ligand binding by GPR35. Structural comparison of the GPR35-G13 complex with other G protein subtypes-coupled GPCRs reveals a notable movement of the C-terminus of α5 helix of the Gα13 subunit towards the receptor core and the least outward displacement of the cytoplasmic end of GPR35 TM6. A featured 'methionine pocket' contributes to the G13 coupling by GPR35. Together, our findings provide a structural basis for divalent cation modulation, ligand recognition, and subsequent G13 protein coupling of GPR35 and offer a new opportunity for designing GPR35-targeted drugs for the treatment of IBDs.
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Liu L, Sui W, Yang Y, Liu L, Li Q, Guo A. Establishment of an Enteric Inflammation Model in Broiler Chickens by Oral Administration with Dextran Sulfate Sodium. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12243552. [PMID: 36552471 PMCID: PMC9774581 DOI: 10.3390/ani12243552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of oral gavage of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) to establish an enteric inflammation model in broilers. Forty 1-day-old male, yellow-feathered broilers were randomly divided into 2 groups with 5 replicates of 4 birds each for a 42-day trial. The experiment design used 2 groups: (1) the control group (CT), normal broilers fed a basal diet, and (2) the DSS group, DSS-treated broilers fed a basal diet. The DSS group received 1 mL of 2.5% DSS solution once a day by oral gavage from 21 to 29 days of age. The results showed that compared with those in CT, DSS treatment significantly increased histological scores for enteritis and mucosal damage at 29 and 42 days of age (p < 0.01) and the disease activity index (DAI) from 23 to 29 days of age (p < 0.01). DSS-treated broilers showed poor growth performance at 42 days of age, including decreased body weight and average daily gain and an increased feed conversion ratio (p < 0.01). DSS also caused gross lesions and histopathological damage in the jejunum of broilers, such as obvious hemorrhagic spots, loss of villus architecture, epithelial cell disruption, inflammatory cell infiltration, and decreased villus height. These results suggest that oral gavage of DSS is an effective method for inducing mild and non-necrotic enteric inflammation in broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixuan Liu
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Southwest Forestry University, No. 300, Bailong Road, Panlong District, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Wenjing Sui
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Southwest Forestry University, No. 300, Bailong Road, Panlong District, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Yajin Yang
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Southwest Forestry University, No. 300, Bailong Road, Panlong District, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Lily Liu
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Southwest Forestry University, No. 300, Bailong Road, Panlong District, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Qingqing Li
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Southwest Forestry University, No. 300, Bailong Road, Panlong District, Kunming 650224, China
- Kunming Xianghao Technology Co., Ltd., Kunming 650204, China
| | - Aiwei Guo
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Southwest Forestry University, No. 300, Bailong Road, Panlong District, Kunming 650224, China
- Correspondence:
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Wahid M, Saqib F, Ali A, Alshammari A, Alharbi M, Rauf A, Mubarak MS. Integrated Mechanisms of Polarity-Based Extracts of Cucumis melo L. Seed Kernels for Airway Smooth Muscle Relaxation via Key Signaling Pathways Based on WGCNA, In Vivo, and In Vitro Analyses. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15121522. [PMID: 36558973 PMCID: PMC9784679 DOI: 10.3390/ph15121522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to determine the mechanisms responsible for calcium-mediated smooth muscle contractions in C. melo seeds. The phytochemicals of C. melo were identified and quantified with the aid of Liquid Chromatography Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometric (LC/ESI-MS/MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and then tested in-vitro and in vivo to confirm involvement in smooth muscle relaxation. Allergic asthma gene datasets were acquired from the NCBI gene expression omnibus (GEO) and differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and functional enrichment analysis were conducted. Additionally, molecular docking of key genes was carried out. Kaempferol, rutin, and quercetin are identified as phytochemical constituents of C. melo seeds. Results indicated that C. melo seeds exhibit a dose-dependent relaxant effect for potassium chloride (80 mM)- induced spastic contraction and calcium antagonistic response in calcium dose-response curves. The functional enrichment of WGCNA and DEG asthma-associated pathogenic genes showed cytokine-mediated pathways and inflammatory responses. Furthermore, CACNA1A, IL2RB, and NOS2 were identified as key genes with greater binding affinity with rutin, quercitrin, and kaempferol in molecular docking. These results show that the bronchodilator and antidiarrheal effects of C. melo were produced by altering the regulatory genes of calcium-mediated smooth muscle contraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muqeet Wahid
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Fatima Saqib
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (F.S.); (M.S.M.)
| | - Anam Ali
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Abdulrahman Alshammari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Post Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Metab Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Post Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi 94640, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad S. Mubarak
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Jordan, Amma 11942, Jordan
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
- Correspondence: (F.S.); (M.S.M.)
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Yang R, Shan S, An N, Liu F, Cui K, Shi J, Li H, Li Z. Polyphenols from foxtail millet bran ameliorate DSS-induced colitis by remodeling gut microbiome. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1030744. [PMID: 36479296 PMCID: PMC9719911 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1030744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Polyphenols from plants possess the anti-inflammatory and gut microbiota modulated properties. Foxtail millet (Setaria italica L., FM) has potential medical and nutritional functions because of rich phenolic and other phytochemical components. METHODS Here, the study explored the effects of bound polyphenol of inner shell (BPIS) from FM bran on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced experimental colitis mice. RESULTS Results showed that BPIS administration effectively relieved the weight loss, decreased disease active index (DAI) scores, restrained the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β, increased anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10, IL-4, IL-5. BPIS prevented gut barrier damage by enhancing tight junction proteins Claudin1, ZO-1 and Occludin, increasing the number of goblet cells and facilitating the gene expressions of mucin family. In addition, BPIS restored the gut microbiota composition and increased the relative abundance of commensal bacteria such as Lachnospiraceae and Rikenellaceae and restrained the growth of S24-7 and Staphylococcaceae. Concentrations of short-chain-fatty acids (SCFAs) generated by gut microbiota were elevated in BPIS treated colitis mice. CONCLUSION These data suggest that BPIS effectively ameliorates DSS-induced colitis by preventing intestinal barrier damage and promoting gut microbiota community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruipeng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Shuhua Shan
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ning An
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Fengming Liu
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Kaili Cui
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jiangying Shi
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Hanqing Li
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zhuoyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
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Devi S, Kapila R, Kapila S. A novel gut inflammatory rat model by laparotomic injection of peptidoglycan from Staphylococcus aureus. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:684. [DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03294-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Bioelectric regulation of intestinal stem cells. Trends Cell Biol 2022:S0962-8924(22)00234-3. [PMID: 36396487 PMCID: PMC10183058 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2022.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Proper regulation of ion balance across the intestinal epithelium is essential for physiological functions, while ion imbalance causes intestinal disorders with dire health consequences. Ion channels, pumps, and exchangers are vital for regulating ion movements (i.e., bioelectric currents) that control epithelial absorption and secretion. Recent in vivo studies used the Drosophila gut to identify conserved pathways that link regulators of Ca2+, Na+ and Cl- with intestinal stem cell (ISC) proliferation. These studies laid a foundation for using the Drosophila gut to identify conserved proliferative responses triggered by bioelectric regulators. Here, we review these studies, discuss their significance, as well as the advantages of using Drosophila to unravel conserved bioelectrically induced molecular pathways in the intestinal epithelium under physiological, pathophysiological, and regenerative conditions.
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Cosme D, Soares-da-Silva P, Magro F. Effect of Toll-like receptor-2, -4, -5, -7, and NOD2 stimulation on potassium channel conductance in intestinal epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2022; 323:G410-G419. [PMID: 36040119 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00139.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Disproportionate activation of pattern recognition receptors plays a role in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) pathophysiology. Diarrhea is a hallmark symptom of IBD, resulting at least in part from an electrolyte imbalance that may be caused by changes in potassium channel activity. We evaluated the impact of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 (NOD2) stimulation on potassium conductance of the basolateral membrane in human intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and the role of potassium channels through electrophysiological assays under short-circuit current in Ussing chambers. TLRs and NOD2 were stimulated using specific agonists, and potassium channels were selectively blocked using triarylmethane-34 (TRAM-34), adenylyl-imidodiphosphate (AMP-PNP), and BaCl2. Potassium conductance of the basolateral membrane decreased upon activation of TLR2, TLR4, and TLR7 in T84 cells (means ± SE, -11.2 ± 4.5, -40.4 ± 7.2, and -19.4 ± 5.9, respectively) and in Caco-2 cells (-13.1 ± 5.7, -55.7 ± 7.4, and -29.1 ± 7.2, respectively). In contrast, activation of TLR5 and NOD2 increased basolateral potassium conductance, both in T84 cells (18.0 ± 4.1 and 18.4 ± 2.8, respectively) and in Caco-2 cells (21.2 ± 8.4 and 16.0 ± 3.6, respectively). TRAM-34 and AMP-PNP induced a decrease in basolateral potassium conductance upon TLR4 stimulation in both cell lines. Both KCa3.1- and Kir6-channels appear to be important mediators of this effect in IECs and could be potential targets for therapeutic agent development.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study highlights that PRRs stimulation directly influences K+-channel conductance in IECs. TLR-2, -4, -7 stimulation decreased K+ conductance, whereas TLR5 and NOD2 stimulation had the opposite effect, leading to an increase of it instead. This study reports for the first time that KCa3.1- and Kir6-channels play a role in K+ transport pathways triggered by TLR4 stimulation. These findings suggest that KCa3.1- and Kir6-channels modulation may be a potential target for new therapeutic agents in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Cosme
- Unit of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,MedInUP, Center for Drug Discovery and Innovative Medicines, Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrício Soares-da-Silva
- Unit of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,MedInUP, Center for Drug Discovery and Innovative Medicines, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Magro
- Unit of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Gastroenterology, São João Hospital University Centre, Porto, Portugal.,Center for Health Technology and Services Research, Porto, Portugal.,Clinical Pharmacology Unit, São João Hospital University Centre, Porto, Portugal.,Portuguese Inflammatory Bowel Disease Group, Porto, Portugal
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Khalitova YA, Myakisheva YV, Katorkin SE, Andreev PS, Gromova DS. Clinical and biochemical status of patients with ulcerative collitis. BULLETIN OF THE MEDICAL INSTITUTE "REAVIZ" (REHABILITATION, DOCTOR AND HEALTH) 2022. [DOI: 10.20340/vmi-rvz.2022.5.clin.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), are chronic inflammatory conditions of the gastrointestinal tract characterized by a relapsing and remitting course. Aim - to analyze clinical data and the most significant hematological and biochemical blood parameters used for diagnosis in patients with ulcerative colitis. Materials and methods. Between 2020 and 2021 examined 50 patients with the diagnosis "Ulcerative colitis" living in the Samara region. The diagnosis of ulcerative colitis was confirmed by a combination of clinical, radiological, endoscopic, and histopathological criteria generally accepted for inflammatory bowel diseases. A hematological blood test was performed on an automatic hematological analyzer Sysmex KX-21N, Japan, and a biochemical blood test was performed on an automatic biochemical analyzer Hitachi 902, Japan. Results. In the biochemical analysis of blood, an increase in the content of C-reactive protein in the blood is expected in 64% of patients. In 40% of patients, the concentration of total protein and electrolytes decreases. An increase in glucose levels was revealed in 44% of patients, in 10% of cases, a decrease in creatinine concentration, an increase in the activity of ALAT and ASAT was noted in 6 and 4% of cases, respectively. Reduced urea levels are noted in 6% of patients. Conclusion. As a result of the study, the data necessary for the diagnosis and monitoring of the effectiveness of the treatment of ulcerative colitis were obtained.
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Regulation of nutrient and electrolyte absorption in human organoid-derived intestinal epithelial cell monolayers. Transl Res 2022; 248:22-35. [PMID: 35513245 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2022.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Recently developed human intestinal epithelial 3D organoid cultures are a useful cell culture model to study intestinal transport physiology. From these, 2D monolayer cultures can be generated in which apical transporters are exposed to the medium, thereby better facilitating in vitro investigation of intestinal absorption processes. However, whether nutrient and electrolyte absorption can be physiologically regulated in human organoid-derived monolayers has not been determined. Constitutive nitric oxide (cNO) is known to regulate multiple gastrointestinal physiological functions. Previous studies using in vivo and in vitro mammalian animal models indicate that enhanced intracellular cNO differentially regulates the two primary apical Na transporters in small intestinal epithelial cells. Here, we generated human jejunal organoid-derived monolayers to determine whether apical nutrient and electrolyte transporter function is regulated by cNO in human enterocytes. Western blot analysis and immunocytochemical staining showed that organoid-derived 2D cultures express markers of enterocyte differentiation and form intact monolayers of apical-basal polarized epithelial cells. Uptake studies demonstrated that jejunal monolayers exhibit functional activity of Na-glucose cotransporter 1 (SGLT1; SLC5A1) and Na-H exchanger 3 (NHE3; SLC9A3). In response to physiological increases in cNO, the two primary apical Na transporters were differentially regulated in human intestinal organoid-derived monolayers, across multiple human specimens. An increase in cNO stimulated SGLT1, while NHE3 was inhibited. These results are similar to what is seen in vivo and in vitro in different animal intestinal models. Thus, human jejunal organoid-derived monolayers are an ideal in vitro model to better understand how intestinal nutrient absorption is regulated.
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Yang J, Pei G, Sun X, Xiao Y, Miao C, Zhou L, Wang B, Yang L, Yu M, Zhang ZS, Keller ET, Yao Z, Wang Q. RhoB affects colitis through modulating cell signaling and intestinal microbiome. MICROBIOME 2022; 10:149. [PMID: 36114582 PMCID: PMC9482252 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-022-01347-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is multifactorial, and diagnostic and treatment strategies for IBD remain to be developed. RhoB regulates multiple cell functions; however, its role in colitis is unexplored. RESULTS Here, we found RhoB was dramatically increased in colon tissues of ulcerative colitis (UC) patients and mice with DSS-induced colitis. Compared with wild type mice, RhoB+/- and RhoB-/- mice developed milder DSS-induced colitis and increased goblet cell numbers and IEC proliferation. Decreased RhoB promoted goblet cell differentiation and epithelial regeneration through inhibiting Wnt signaling pathway and activating p38 MAPK signaling pathway. Moreover, increased SCFA-producing bacteria and SCFA concentrations were detected in intestinal microbiome of both RhoB+/- and RhoB-/- mice and upregulated SCFA receptor expression was also observed. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, a higher level of RhoB is associated with UC, which also contributes to UC development through modulating cell signaling and altering intestinal bacterial composition and metabolites. These observations suggest that RhoB has potential as a biomarker and a treatment target for UC. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianming Yang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Institute of Immunology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District 300070, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Geng Pei
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Institute of Immunology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District 300070, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Xuan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Institute of Immunology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District 300070, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yawen Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Institute of Immunology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District 300070, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Chunhui Miao
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Institute of Immunology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District 300070, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Lu Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University general hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Bangmao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University general hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Institute of Immunology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District 300070, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Mingyu Yu
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Institute of Immunology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District 300070, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Zhi-Song Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Evan T Keller
- Department of Urology, Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Zhi Yao
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Institute of Immunology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District 300070, Tianjin, 300070, China
- The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Quan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Institute of Immunology, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Heping District 300070, Tianjin, 300070, China.
- The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
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Andargie Y, Sisay W, Molla M, Adela M. Evaluation of In vivo antidiarrheal activity of hydro-methanolic extract of the root of Rumex nepalensis in Swiss Albino mice. Metabol Open 2022; 15:100197. [PMID: 35785136 PMCID: PMC9243151 DOI: 10.1016/j.metop.2022.100197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Natural products have been utilized by human beings for thousands of years to relieve a variety of ailments, including diarrhea. Conventional antidiarrheal drugs are associated with multiple adverse effects and contraindications. Traditionally, Rumex nepalensis by crushing the root, mix with water and then drunk the juice is extensively used for treating diarrhea. However, no scientific research has been done yet to support its antidiarrheal efficacy and safety. Hence, the aim of the study was to evaluate the antidiarrheal activity and safety profile of the plant in mice. Methods The hydro-methanolic extract was extracted through a cold maceration technique using 80% methanol. Castor oil-induced diarrheal, gastro-intestinal transit, and enteropooling models have been employed to assess the antidiarrheal activity of the test extract at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg. Results The crude root extract caused no mortality at a single limit test dose of 2 g/kg throughout the first 24 h and for the rest of the 14 days. In a castor oil-induced diarrheal model, the hydro-methanolic extract markedly delayed the onset of diarrhea, reduced the weight of wet and total feces at 100 (P<.05), 200 (P<.01), and 400 mg/kg (P<.001) test doses. Meanwhile, at 200 (P<.01) and 400 mg/kg (P<.001) doses, the plant extract considerably lowered the weight and volume of intestinal contents. In the gastro-intestinal transit model, however, a dramatic inhibition in the charcoal meal travel was noticed at 100 (P<.05), 200 (P<.01), and 400 mg/kg (P<.001) test doses. The peak antidiarrheal index was exhibited at the highest dose of the test extract. Conclusion The study speculated that Rumex nepalensis root extract possesses antidiarrheal activity, which could be owing to its inhibitory effect on both gastro-intestinal motility and fluid secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yared Andargie
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Woretaw Sisay
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Mulugeta Molla
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Muluken Adela
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Science, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
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Sámano R, Esparza-Juárez F, Chico-Barba G, González-Medina E, Sánchez-Jiménez B, Hernández-Trejo M. Association of Diet, Body Mass Index, and Lifestyle on the Gastrointestinal Health Risk in a Sample of Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10569. [PMID: 36078285 PMCID: PMC9518024 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal functional disorders are characterized by abnormalities in motility with visceral hypersensitivity, representing a global public health problem. We aimed to determine whether eating habits, lifestyle characteristics, and body mass index (BMI) are associated with gastrointestinal health risk. The Gastrointestinal Health (GIH) test of the World Gastroenterology Organization (WGO) and the Roma IV criteria were applied. We obtained information on food consumption habits and aerobic exercise, among other variables. Not exercising regularly, drinking water and eating vegetables less than recommended, having high body weight, and taking symptomatic medication were variables that explained 73% of the probabilities of not having good GIH (R2 = 0.734). According to Rome IV criteria, women had a 50% higher risk than men of having functional bowel disorder (RR 1.6, 95% CI: 1.04, 2.45). Among the men studied, eating few or no vegetables and drinking less than 1 L of water daily was more frequent; however, the women had significantly more intestinal symptoms. In addition, constipation was higher among women than men (p = 0.020). All of the above explains the prognostic value of eating habits and the importance of paying attention to body weight to reduce the risk of gastrointestinal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyna Sámano
- Coordinacion de Nutricion y Bioprogramacion, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia, Secretaria de Salud, Mexico City 11000, Mexico
- Programa de Posgrado Doctorado en Ciencias Biologicas y de la Salud, Division de Ciencias Biologicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, Mexico City 04960, Mexico
| | | | - Gabriela Chico-Barba
- Coordinacion de Nutricion y Bioprogramacion, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia, Secretaria de Salud, Mexico City 11000, Mexico
- Escuela de Enfermeria, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Panamericana, Mexico City 03920, Mexico
| | | | - Bernarda Sánchez-Jiménez
- Coordinacion de Nutricion y Bioprogramacion, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia, Secretaria de Salud, Mexico City 11000, Mexico
| | - María Hernández-Trejo
- Departamento de Neurobiología del Desarrollo, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia, Secretaria de Salud, Mexico City 11000, Mexico
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Yang S, Li X, Xiu M, Dai Y, Wan S, Shi Y, Liu Y, He J. Flos puerariae ameliorates the intestinal inflammation of Drosophila via modulating the Nrf2/Keap1, JAK-STAT and Wnt signaling. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:893758. [PMID: 36059974 PMCID: PMC9432424 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.893758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut homeostasis is important for human health, and its disruption can lead to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Flos Puerariae is a herb with a wide variety of pharmacological activities including antioxidant, antidiabetic, antialcoholismic and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the role of Flos Puerariae on treating IBD remains obscure. Here, we employed Drosophila melanogaster as a model organism to investigate the protective effect of Flos Puerariae extract (FPE) against sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-induced intestinal injury. Our data showed that FPE had no toxic effect in flies, and significantly extended lifespan in SDS-inflamed flies, reduced stem cell proliferation in the midgut, and maintained intestinal morphological integrity. Furthermore, FPE remarkably recused the altered expression level of genes and proteins in Nrf2/Keap1 signaling, JAK-STAT signaling and Wnt signaling pathways in gut of inflammation flies. Thus, FPE has a protective effect against intestinal injury possibly via increasing the Nrf2/keap1 pathway and suppressing the JAK-STAT and Wnt signaling pathways, which would have tremendous potential for treating IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shipei Yang
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and University, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
- College of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xu Li
- College of Public Health, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Minghui Xiu
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and University, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
- College of Public Health, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
- Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Gansu, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuting Dai
- College of Public Health, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shengfang Wan
- College of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yan Shi
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and University, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
- College of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yongqi Liu
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and University, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Transfer of Dunhuang Medicine at the Provincial and Ministerial Level, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jianzheng He, ; Yongqi Liu,
| | - Jianzheng He
- Provincial-Level Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine of Major Diseases and The Prevention and Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine Research in Gansu Colleges and University, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
- College of Basic Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Transfer of Dunhuang Medicine at the Provincial and Ministerial Level, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jianzheng He, ; Yongqi Liu,
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Huang L, Zheng J, Sun G, Yang H, Sun X, Yao X, Lin A, Liu H. 5-Aminosalicylic acid ameliorates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice by modulating gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:460. [PMID: 35913641 PMCID: PMC11071811 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04471-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Colitis develops via the convergence of environmental, microbial, immunological, and genetic factors. The medicine 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) is widely used in clinical practice for colitis (especially ulcerative colitis) treatment. However, the significance of gut microbiota in the protective effect of 5-ASA on colitis has not been explored. Using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model, we found that 5-ASA ameliorated colitis symptoms in DSS-treated mice, accompanied by increased body weight gain and colon length, and a decrease in disease activity index (DAI) score and spleen index. Also, 5-ASA alleviated DSS-induced damage to colonic tissues, as indicated by suppressed inflammation and decreased tight junction, mucin, and water-sodium transport protein levels. Moreover, the 16S rDNA gene sequencing results illustrated that 5-ASA reshaped the disordered gut microbiota community structure in DSS-treated mice by promoting the abundance of Bifidobacterium, Lachnoclostridium, and Anaerotruncus, and reducing the content of Alloprevotella and Desulfovibrio. Furthermore, 5-ASA improved the abnormal metabolism of bile acids (BAs) by regulating the Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and Takeda G-protein-coupled receptor 5 (TGR5) signaling pathways in DSS-treated mice. In contrast, 5-ASA did not prevent the occurrence of colitis in mice with gut microbiota depletion, confirming the essential role of gut microbiota in colitis treatment by 5-ASA. In conclusion, 5-ASA can ameliorate DSS-induced colitis in mice by modulating gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism. These findings documented the new therapeutic mechanisms of 5-ASA in clinical colitis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Huang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, People's Republic of China
- China Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430061, People's Republic of China
| | - Junping Zheng
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangjun Sun
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, People's Republic of China
| | - Huabing Yang
- China Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430061, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiongjie Sun
- China Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430061, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei Yao
- China Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430061, People's Republic of China
| | - Aizhen Lin
- China Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430061, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongtao Liu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, People's Republic of China.
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Jiang X, Liu Y, Zhang XY, Liu X, Liu X, Wu X, Jose PA, Duan S, Xu FJ, Yang Z. Intestinal Gastrin/CCKBR (Cholecystokinin B Receptor) Ameliorates Salt-Sensitive Hypertension by Inhibiting Intestinal Na +/H + Exchanger 3 Activity Through a PKC (Protein Kinase C)-Mediated NHERF1 and NHERF2 Pathway. Hypertension 2022; 79:1668-1679. [PMID: 35674015 PMCID: PMC9278716 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.121.18791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: The present study directly tested the crucial role of intestinal gastrin/CCKBR (cholecystokinin B receptor) in the treatment of salt-sensitive hypertension. Methods: Adult intestine-specific Cckbr-knockout mice (Cckbrfl/flvillin-Cre) and Dahl salt-sensitive rats were studied on the effect of high salt intake (8% NaCl, 6–7 weeks) on intestinal Na+/H+ exchanger 3 expression, urine sodium concentration, and blood pressure. High-salt diet increased urine sodium concentration and systolic blood pressure to a greater extent in Cckbrfl/flvillin-Cre mice and Dahl salt-sensitive rats than their respective controls, Cckbrfl/flvillin mice and SS13BN rats. We constructed gastrin-SiO2 microspheres to enable gastrin to stimulate specifically and selectively intestinal CCKBR without its absorption into the circulation. Results: Gastrin-SiO2 microspheres treatment prevented the high salt-induced hypertension and increase in urine Na concentration by inhibiting intestinal Na+/H+ exchanger 3 trafficking and activity, increasing stool sodium without inducing diarrhea. Gastrin-mediated inhibition of intestinal Na+/H+ exchanger 3 activity, related to a PKC (protein kinase C)-mediated activation of NHERF1 and NHERF2. Conclusions: These results support a crucial role of intestinal gastrin/CCKBR in decreasing intestinal sodium absorption and keeping the blood pressure in the normal range. The gastrointestinal administration of gastrin-SiO2 microspheres is a promising and safe strategy to treat salt-sensitive hypertension without side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoliang Jiang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine (The Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, CAMS&PUMC), National Human Diseases Animal Model Resource Center, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human Critical Diseases, P.R. China (X.J., Y.L., Xue Liu, Xing Liu, X.W., Z.Y.)
| | - Yunpeng Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine (The Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, CAMS&PUMC), National Human Diseases Animal Model Resource Center, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human Critical Diseases, P.R. China (X.J., Y.L., Xue Liu, Xing Liu, X.W., Z.Y.)
| | - Xin-Yang Zhang
- Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology), Ministry of Education, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, P.R. China (X.-Y.Z., S.D., F.-J.X.)
| | - Xue Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine (The Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, CAMS&PUMC), National Human Diseases Animal Model Resource Center, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human Critical Diseases, P.R. China (X.J., Y.L., Xue Liu, Xing Liu, X.W., Z.Y.)
| | - Xing Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine (The Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, CAMS&PUMC), National Human Diseases Animal Model Resource Center, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human Critical Diseases, P.R. China (X.J., Y.L., Xue Liu, Xing Liu, X.W., Z.Y.)
| | - Xianxian Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine (The Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, CAMS&PUMC), National Human Diseases Animal Model Resource Center, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human Critical Diseases, P.R. China (X.J., Y.L., Xue Liu, Xing Liu, X.W., Z.Y.)
| | - Pedro A Jose
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology (P.A.J.), The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC.,Division of Kidney Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine (P.A.J.), The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - Shun Duan
- Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology), Ministry of Education, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, P.R. China (X.-Y.Z., S.D., F.-J.X.)
| | - Fu-Jian Xu
- Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology), Ministry of Education, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, P.R. China (X.-Y.Z., S.D., F.-J.X.)
| | - Zhiwei Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine (The Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, CAMS&PUMC), National Human Diseases Animal Model Resource Center, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human Critical Diseases, P.R. China (X.J., Y.L., Xue Liu, Xing Liu, X.W., Z.Y.)
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50
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Wedenoja S, Saarikivi A, Mälkönen J, Leskinen S, Lehto M, Adeshara K, Tuokkola J, Nikkonen A, Merras-Salmio L, Höyhtyä M, Hörkkö S, Haaramo A, Salonen A, de Vos WM, Korpela K, Kolho KL. Fecal microbiota in congenital chloride diarrhea and inflammatory bowel disease. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0269561. [PMID: 35679312 PMCID: PMC9182261 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Subjects with congenital chloride diarrhea (CLD; a defect in solute carrier family 26 member 3 (SLC26A3)) are prone to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We investigated fecal microbiota in CLD and CLD-associated IBD. We also tested whether microbiota is modulated by supplementation with the short-chain fatty acid butyrate. Subjects and methods We recruited 30 patients with CLD for an observational 3-week follow-up study. Thereafter, 16 consented to oral butyrate substitution for a 3-week observational period. Fecal samples, collected once a week, were assayed for calprotectin and potential markers of inflammation, and studied by 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) gene amplicon sequencing and compared to that of 19 healthy controls and 43 controls with Crohn’s disease. Data on intestinal symptoms, diet and quality of life were collected. Results Patients with CLD had increased abundances of Proteobacteria, Veillonella, and Prevotella, and lower abundances of normally dominant taxa Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae when compared with healthy controls and Crohn´s disease. No major differences in fecal microbiota were found between CLD and CLD-associated IBD (including two with yet untreated IBD). Butyrate was poorly tolerated and showed no major effects on fecal microbiota or biomarkers in CLD. Conclusions Fecal microbiota in CLD is different from that of healthy subjects or Crohn´s disease. Unexpectedly, no changes in the microbiota or fecal markers characterized CLD-associated IBD, an entity with high frequency among patients with CLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satu Wedenoja
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, University of Helsinki, and Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aki Saarikivi
- Children’s Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jani Mälkönen
- Children’s Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Saara Leskinen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Kuopio and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Markku Lehto
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Abdominal Center, Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine Research Programs, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Krishna Adeshara
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Abdominal Center, Nephrology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine Research Programs, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jetta Tuokkola
- Children’s Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anne Nikkonen
- Children’s Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Laura Merras-Salmio
- Children’s Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Miikka Höyhtyä
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Sohvi Hörkkö
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Research Unit of Biomedicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Anu Haaramo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anne Salonen
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Willem M. de Vos
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Katri Korpela
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kaija-Leena Kolho
- Children’s Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- * E-mail:
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