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Incardona RM, Tremolada M. The Psychosocial Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Italian Families: The Perception of Quality of Life and Screening of Psychological Symptoms. Pediatr Rep 2024; 16:519-529. [PMID: 38921708 PMCID: PMC11206805 DOI: 10.3390/pediatric16020043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Throughout the COVID-19 period, families were forced to stay indoors, adapting to online schooling, remote work, and virtual social engagements, inevitably altering the dynamics within households. There was a notable increase in mental health challenges in terms of anxiety and depression in children and adolescents. This study intended to explore the psychosocial effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on Italian families by adopting self- and proxy-report questionnaires on anxiety, anger, and health-related quality of life. The results showed that approximately 20% obtained a clinical anxiety score and only 10% obtained a clinical anger score. There was a difference in the perception of the quality of life reported by the child and that perceived by the parent. A stepwise regression model showed that total anxiety scores were predicted by sex, quality of life scores from the parents' self-report version, and the total anger score. Another stepwise regression model identified physiological and social anxiety as the best predictors that impact quality of life. Parental well-being actively influences the well-being of children, so it is fundamental to implement preventive programs and promote child well-being by providing parents the most adequate support possible.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marta Tremolada
- Department of Development and Social Psychology, University of Padua, Via Venezia 8, 35131 Padova, Italy;
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2
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Yosep I, Suryani S, Mediani HS, Mardhiyah A, Maulana I, Hernawaty T, Hazmi H. A Scoping Review of Assertiveness Therapy for Reducing Bullying Behavior and Its Impacts Among Adolescents. J Multidiscip Healthc 2024; 17:1777-1790. [PMID: 38680879 PMCID: PMC11048288 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s460343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Bullying is a global problem in adolescents which has increased every year. One of the factors in the occurrence of bullying is the ability of interpersonal skills. This ability can build good relationships with assertive between adolescents and can prevent bullying. The purpose of this study is to describe assertiveness therapy for reducing bullying behavior and its impacts among adolescents. The method used in this study is scoping review. The search strategy used is PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews through three databases namely PubMed, CINAHL, and Scopus. The authors used inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria in the selection of articles. The major keywords used in the article search were bullying, assertiveness therapy, and adolescents. Data analysis used descriptive qualitative. The results showed that there were 10 articles that discussed assertive therapy. All articles show that assertiveness therapy can reduce bullying behavior and its impact significantly, such as reducing the impact of anxiety and increasing self-esteem. Assertiveness therapy methods carried out in the form of education, games, and role play. Education is carried out online and offline. Educational media is provided directly and through media such as educational videos which can be accessed at any time. Gender and cultural approaches are important aspects in the implementation of assertive therapy. Assertive therapy can improve interpersonal skills, social skills, empathy and assertiveness so that it can reduce bullying behavior and its impacts in adolescents. Then, this data becomes the basis for nurses to carry out assertive therapy as an effort to prevent and reduce bullying behavior in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iyus Yosep
- Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Suryani Suryani
- Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Henny Suzana Mediani
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Ai Mardhiyah
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Indra Maulana
- Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Taty Hernawaty
- Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Helmy Hazmi
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, 94300, Malaysia
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3
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Townsend AN, Guzick AG, Hertz AG, Kerns CM, Goodman WK, Berry LN, Kendall PC, Wood JJ, Storch EA. Anger Outbursts in Youth with ASD and Anxiety: Phenomenology and Relationship with Family Accommodation. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2022:10.1007/s10578-022-01489-3. [PMID: 36576640 PMCID: PMC10300226 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-022-01489-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Anger outbursts (AO) are associated with severe symptoms, impairment and poorer treatment outcomes for anxious children, though limited research has examined AO in youth with co-occurring autism and anxiety disorders. This study examined AO in children with autism and anxiety by evaluating clinical characteristics, family accommodation, and changes in AO following anxiety-focused treatment. The sample comprised 167 youth with autism and anxiety enrolled in a multi-site randomized clinical trial comparing standard care CBT for anxiety, CBT adapted for youth with autism, and usual care. Most participants (60%) had AO, which contributed to impairment above and beyond anxiety and autism. AO impacted functional impairment indirectly through a pathway of parental accommodation. AO reduced with anxiety-focused treatment. Findings highlight that AO are common in this population and uniquely contribute to functional impairment, indicating a need for direct targeting in treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allie N Townsend
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, 1977 Butler Blvd, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Andrew G Guzick
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, 1977 Butler Blvd, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Alyssa G Hertz
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, 1977 Butler Blvd, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Connor M Kerns
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Wayne K Goodman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, 1977 Butler Blvd, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Leandra N Berry
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Philip C Kendall
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jeffrey J Wood
- Department of Education, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Eric A Storch
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, 1977 Butler Blvd, Houston, TX, USA.
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4
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Richard Y, Tazi N, Frydecka D, Hamid MS, Moustafa AA. A systematic review of neural, cognitive, and clinical studies of anger and aggression. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 42:1-13. [PMID: 35693838 PMCID: PMC9174026 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03143-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Anger and aggression have large impact on people's safety and the society at large. In order to provide an intervention to minimise aggressive behaviours, it is important to understand the neural and cognitive aspects of anger and aggression. In this systematic review, we investigate the cognitive and neural aspects of anger-related processes, including anger-related behaviours and anger reduction. Using this information, we then review prior existing methods on the treatment of anger-related disorders as well as anger management, including mindfulness and cognitive behavioural therapy. At the cognitive level, our review that anger is associated with excessive attention to anger-related stimuli and impulsivity. At the neural level, anger is associated with abnormal functioning of the amygdala and ventromedial prefrontal cortex. In conclusions, based on cognitive and neural studies, we here argue that mindfulness based cognitive behavioural therapy may be better at reducing anger and aggression than other behavioural treatments, such as cognitive behavioural therapy or mindfulness alone. We provide key information on future research work and best ways to manage anger and reduce aggression. Importantly, future research should investigate how anger related behaviours is acquired and how stress impacts the development of anger.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nadia Tazi
- Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
- Universite Med 5th, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Dorota Frydecka
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Pasteur Street 10, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Ahmed A. Moustafa
- Department of Human Anatomy and Physiology, the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, 2193 South Africa
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Society and Design, Bond University, Gold Coast, QLD Australia
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Archibong V, Usman IM, Kasozi KI, Aigbogun EO, Josiah I, Monima AL, Ssebuufu R, Chekwech G, Terkimbi SD, Owoisinke O, Mbiydzenyuy NE, Adeoye A, Aruwa JO, Afodun AM, Odoma S, Ssempijja F, Ayikobua ET, Ayuba JT, Nankya V, Onongha C, Henry S, Matama K, Yusuf H, Nalugo H, MacLeod E, Welburn SC. Anxiety, Anger and Depression Amongst Low-Income Earners in Southwestern Uganda During the COVID-19 Total Lockdown. Front Public Health 2021; 9:590458. [PMID: 34956994 PMCID: PMC8695878 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.590458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Low-income earners are particularly vulnerable to mental health, consequence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown restrictions, due to a temporary or permanent loss of income and livelihood, coupled with government-enforced measures of social distancing. This study evaluates the mental health status among low-income earners in southwestern Uganda during the first total COVID-19 lockdown in Uganda. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was undertaken amongst earners whose income falls below the poverty threshold. Two hundred and fifty-three (n = 253) male and female low-income earners between the ages of 18 and 60 years of age were recruited to the study. Modified generalized anxiety disorder (GAD-7), Spielberger's State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2 (STAXI-2), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) tools as appropriate were used to assess anxiety, anger, and depression respectively among our respondents. Results: Severe anxiety (68.8%) followed by moderate depression (60.5%) and moderate anger (56.9%) were the most common mental health challenges experienced by low-income earners in Bushenyi district. Awareness of mental healthcare increased with the age of respondents in both males and females. A linear relationship was observed with age and depression (r = 0.154, P = 0.014) while positive correlations were observed between anxiety and anger (r = 0.254, P < 0.001); anxiety and depression (r = 0.153, P = 0.015) and anger and depression (r = 0.153, P = 0.015). Conclusion: The study shows the importance of mental health awareness in low resource settings during the current COVID-19 pandemic. Females were identified as persons at risk to mental depression, while anger was highest amongst young males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Archibong
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Ceasor University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Ibe Michael Usman
- Faculty of Biomedicals Sciences, Kampala International University Western Campus, Bushenyi, Uganda
| | - Keneth Iceland Kasozi
- Infection Medicine, Deanery of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ifie Josiah
- Faculty of Biomedicals Sciences, Kampala International University Western Campus, Bushenyi, Uganda
| | - Ann Lemuel Monima
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Ceasor University, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | - Gaudencia Chekwech
- Faculty of Clinical Medicine and Dentistry, Kampala International University Teaching Hospital, Bushenyi, Uganda
| | - Swase Dominic Terkimbi
- Faculty of Biomedicals Sciences, Kampala International University Western Campus, Bushenyi, Uganda
| | - Okon Owoisinke
- Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Ngala Elvis Mbiydzenyuy
- Department of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, Copperbelt University, Ndola, Zambia
| | - Azeez Adeoye
- Faculty of Biomedicals Sciences, Kampala International University Western Campus, Bushenyi, Uganda
| | - Joshua Ojodale Aruwa
- Faculty of Biomedicals Sciences, Kampala International University Western Campus, Bushenyi, Uganda
| | - Adam Moyosore Afodun
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Busitema University, Busitema, Uganda
| | - Saidi Odoma
- School of Pharmacy, Kampala International University Western Campus, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Fred Ssempijja
- Faculty of Biomedicals Sciences, Kampala International University Western Campus, Bushenyi, Uganda
| | | | - John Tabakwot Ayuba
- Faculty of Biomedicals Sciences, Kampala International University Western Campus, Bushenyi, Uganda
| | - Viola Nankya
- School of Nursing, Kampala International University Teaching Hospital, Bushenyi, Uganda
| | - Comfort Onongha
- School of Nursing, Kampala International University Teaching Hospital, Bushenyi, Uganda
| | - Sussan Henry
- School of Nursing, Kampala International University Teaching Hospital, Bushenyi, Uganda
| | - Kevin Matama
- School of Pharmacy, Kampala International University Western Campus, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Helen Yusuf
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Science, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Halima Nalugo
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Ewan MacLeod
- Infection Medicine, Deanery of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Susan Christina Welburn
- Infection Medicine, Deanery of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, International Campus, Zhejiang University, Haining, China
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Shin MS, Kim BN, Cho M, Jang M, Shin H, Do R, Park H, Yoon N, Noh G, Song JW, Ahn Y, Shin J, Jang S, Noh E, Lee E. A Study of the Reliability and Validity of the Korean Version of DSM-5 Symptom Measure-Inattention and Anger for Parent and Guardian of Child Age 6 to 17. Soa Chongsonyon Chongsin Uihak 2021; 32:71-78. [PMID: 33828406 PMCID: PMC8018679 DOI: 10.5765/jkacap.200044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study was conducted to investigate the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the DSM-5 Level 2 Cross-Cutting Symptom Measure-inattention [Swanson, Nolan and Pelham, version IV (SNAP-IV)] and anger [Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Anger] for parents and guardians of children aged 6-17 years. METHODS We included 104 children and adolescents diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), ADHD with anxiety and depression, depressive disorder, anxiety disorder, and tic disorder with somatic symptoms (ADHD=41, depression=9, anxiety=14, ADHD+anxious depression=11, tic+somatic symptoms=29). Their ages ranged from 8 years to 15 years. The participants' mothers completed the SNAP-IV, PROMIS Anger scale, Korean version of the IOWA Conners Rating Scale (K-IOWA), and Korean ADHD Rating Scale (K-ARS) so that the reliability and validity of the SNAP-IV and PROMIS Anger scales, which are DSM-5 scales for assessing inattention and anger of children and adolescents, could be examined. RESULTS The reliability coefficient of SNAP-IV (Cronbach's α) was 0.94. The correlation coefficients between SNAP-IV, K-IOWA inattention, and K-ARS inattention scores ranged from 0.73 to 0.86. The mean SNAP-IV scores of the ADHD and the ADHD+anxious depression groups were significantly higher than those of the anxiety and the tic+somatic symptoms groups. The reliability coefficient of the PROMIS Anger was 0.91. The correlation coefficient between PROMIS Anger and K-IOWA oppositional/defiant scores was 0.75. The PROMIS Anger mean score of the ADHD+anxious depression group tended to be higher than that of the other groups. CONCLUSION These results suggest that the Korean version of the DSM-5 Level 2 Cross-Cutting Symptom Measure-inattention and anger for parent and guardian of child age 6-17 might be a reliable and valid test and may be useful for screening children and adolescents with ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Sup Shin
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea,Address for correspondence: Min-Sup Shin, Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea, Tel: +82-2-2072-2454, Fax: +82-2-744-7241, E-mail:
| | - Bung-Nyun Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Minji Cho
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mirae Jang
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hanbyul Shin
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ryemi Do
- Department of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyungseo Park
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Narae Yoon
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gahye Noh
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Won Song
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yebin Ahn
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jiyoon Shin
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soomin Jang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eunjung Noh
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eunhwa Lee
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Effects of Shinrin-Yoku (Forest Bathing) and Nature Therapy on Mental Health: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Int J Ment Health Addict 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-020-00363-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractShinrin-yoku, immersing oneself in nature using one’s senses, has been receiving increased attention internationally. While most of the existing studies have focused on physical health, this systematic review and meta-analysis examined the mental health impacts of shinrin-yoku, using the PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO registry: BLINDED). Of 497 articles retrieved on databases including PubMed/MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Science Direct and Google Scholar, twenty met the inclusion criteria. All studies were conducted in Asia and Europe, and used a variety of different bathing approaches (e.g. breathing, walking, yoga). While noting a need for more rigorous research and extensive follow-up assessments, the findings indicate that shinrin-yoku can be effective in reducing mental health symptoms in the short term, particularly anxiety. More careful examination of shinrin-yoku practices is needed; longer follow-up with participants from a range of countries along with greater examination of potential mechanisms is needed for shinrin-yoku to be accepted into mainstream interventions.
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