1
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Srivastava S, Mondal S, Rathor R, Srivastava S, Suryakumar G. Increased Expression of MiRNA-1 Contributes to Hypobaric Hypoxia-Induced Skeletal Muscle Loss. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024; 8:e2300573. [PMID: 38149527 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202300573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
The present study aims to analyze the role of microRNA-1 in the regulation of skeletal muscle loss under hypobaric hypoxia (HH). Male Sprague Dawley rats (n = 10) weighing 230-250 g are divided into two groups, control and HH exposure for 7 days at 25 000 ft. After the hypoxia exposure, the animals are sacrificed and hindlimb skeletal muscles are excised for further analysis. Studies found the potential role of miR-1 (myomiR) as a biomarker under different atrophic conditions. Prolonged exposure to HH leads to enhanced expression of miR-1 in skeletal muscle as compared to unexposed controls. The Bioinformatics approach is used to identify the validated targets and the biological processes of miR-1. The target prediction tools identify PAX3 and HSP70 as major targets for miR-1. Exposure to HH significantly reduces PAX3 and HSP70 expression during 7 days of HH exposure, which further enhances the activity of FOXO3, MSTN, and ATROGIN known for the progression of skeletal muscle atrophy in relation to control rats. This study indicates the increased expressions of miR-1 and reduced expression of PAX3 and HSP70 lead to impaired myogenesis in skeletal muscle under HH. Further, enhanced expression of muscle degradation genes such as FOXO3, MSTN, and ATROGIN under HH exposure causes skeletal muscle protein loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukanya Srivastava
- Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi, 110054, India
| | - Samrita Mondal
- Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi, 110054, India
| | - Richa Rathor
- Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi, 110054, India
| | - Swati Srivastava
- Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi, 110054, India
| | - Geetha Suryakumar
- Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi, 110054, India
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2
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Hardman D, Hennig K, Gomes ER, Roman W, Bernabeu MO. An in vitro agent-based modelling approach to optimization of culture medium for generating muscle cells. J R Soc Interface 2024; 21:20230603. [PMID: 38228184 PMCID: PMC10791523 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2023.0603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Methodologies for culturing muscle tissue are currently lacking in terms of quality and quantity of mature cells produced. We analyse images from in vitro experiments to quantify the effects of culture media composition on mouse-derived myoblast behaviour and myotube quality. Metrics of early indicators of cell quality were defined. Images of muscle cell differentiation reveal that altering culture media significantly affects quality indicators and myoblast migratory behaviours. To study the effects of early-stage cell behaviours on mature cell quality, metrics drawn from experimental images or inferred by approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) were applied as inputs to an agent-based model (ABM) of skeletal muscle cell differentiation with quality indicator metrics as outputs. Computational modelling was used to inform further in vitro experiments to predict the optimum media composition for culturing muscle cells. Our results suggest that myonuclei production in myotubes is inversely related to early-stage nuclei fusion index and that myonuclei density and spatial distribution are correlated with residence time of fusing myoblasts, the age at which myotube-myotube fusion ends and the repulsion force between myonuclei. Culture media with 5% serum was found to produce the optimum cell quality and to make muscle cells cultured in a neuron differentiation medium viable.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Hardman
- Centre for Medical Informatics, Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UX, UK
| | - Katharina Hennig
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Edgar R. Gomes
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - William Roman
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Miguel O. Bernabeu
- Centre for Medical Informatics, Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UX, UK
- The Bayes Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9BT, UK
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3
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Koopmans PJ, Ismaeel A, Goljanek-Whysall K, Murach KA. The roles of miRNAs in adult skeletal muscle satellite cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 209:228-238. [PMID: 37879420 PMCID: PMC10911817 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.10.403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Satellite cells are bona fide muscle stem cells that are indispensable for successful post-natal muscle growth and regeneration after severe injury. These cells also participate in adult muscle adaptation in several capacities. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are post-transcriptional regulators of mRNA that are implicated in several aspects of stem cell function. There is evidence to suggest that miRNAs affect satellite cell behavior in vivo during development and myogenic progenitor behavior in vitro, but the role of miRNAs in adult skeletal muscle satellite cells is less studied. In this review, we provide evidence for how miRNAs control satellite cell function with emphasis on satellite cells of adult skeletal muscle in vivo. We first outline how miRNAs are indispensable for satellite cell viability and control the phases of myogenesis. Next, we discuss the interplay between miRNAs and myogenic cell redox status, senescence, and communication to other muscle-resident cells during muscle adaptation. Results from recent satellite cell miRNA profiling studies are also summarized. In vitro experiments in primary myogenic cells and cell lines have been invaluable for exploring the influence of miRNAs, but we identify a need for novel genetic tools to further interrogate how miRNAs control satellite cell behavior in adult skeletal muscle in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieter Jan Koopmans
- Exercise Science Research Center, Molecular Muscle Mass Regulation Laboratory, Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA; Cell and Molecular Biology Program, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Ahmed Ismaeel
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA
| | - Katarzyna Goljanek-Whysall
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Kevin A Murach
- Exercise Science Research Center, Molecular Muscle Mass Regulation Laboratory, Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA; Cell and Molecular Biology Program, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA.
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4
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Wang K, Frey N, Garcia A, Man K, Yang Y, Gualerzi A, Clemens ZJ, Bedoni M, LeDuc PR, Ambrosio F. Nanotopographical Cues Tune the Therapeutic Potential of Extracellular Vesicles for the Treatment of Aged Skeletal Muscle Injuries. ACS NANO 2023; 17:19640-19651. [PMID: 37797946 PMCID: PMC10603813 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c02269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle regeneration relies on the tightly temporally regulated lineage progression of muscle stem/progenitor cells (MPCs) from activation to proliferation and, finally, differentiation. However, with aging, MPC lineage progression is disrupted and delayed, ultimately causing impaired muscle regeneration. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have attracted broad attention as next-generation therapeutics for promoting tissue regeneration. As a next step toward clinical translation, strategies to manipulate EV effects on downstream cellular targets are needed. Here, we developed an engineering strategy to tune the therapeutic potential of EVs using nanotopographical cues. We found that EVs released by young MPCs cultured on flat substrates (fEVs) promoted the proliferation of aged MPCs while EVs released by MPCs cultured on nanogratings (nEVs) promoted myogenic differentiation. We then employed a bioengineered 3D muscle aging model to optimize the administration protocol and test the therapeutic potential of fEVs and nEVs in a high-throughput manner. We found that the sequential administration first of fEVs during the phase of MPC proliferative expansion (i.e., 1 day after injury) followed by nEV administration at the stage of MPC differentiation (i.e., 3 days after injury) enhanced aged muscle regeneration to a significantly greater extent than fEVs and nEVs delivered either in isolation or mixed. The beneficial effects of the sequential EV treatment strategy were further validated in vivo, as evidenced by increased myofiber size and improved functional recovery. Collectively, our study demonstrates the ability of topographical cues to tune EV therapeutic potential and highlights the importance of optimizing the EV administration strategy to accelerate aged skeletal muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Discovery
Center for Musculoskeletal Recovery, Schoen
Adams Research Institute at Spaulding, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
- Department
of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department
of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
- Department
of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Nolan Frey
- Department
of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon
University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Andres Garcia
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon
University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Kun Man
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
North Texas, Denton, Texas 76207, United States
| | - Yong Yang
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
North Texas, Denton, Texas 76207, United States
| | - Alice Gualerzi
- IRCCS
Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS, Milan 20148, Italy
| | - Zachary J. Clemens
- Department
of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Marzia Bedoni
- IRCCS
Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS, Milan 20148, Italy
| | - Philip R. LeDuc
- Department
of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon
University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon
University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
- Department
of Computational Biology, Carnegie Mellon
University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon
University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Fabrisia Ambrosio
- Discovery
Center for Musculoskeletal Recovery, Schoen
Adams Research Institute at Spaulding, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
- Department
of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department
of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States
- Department
of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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5
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Yang G, Sun M, Wang Z, Hu Q, Guo J, Yu J, Lei C, Dang R. Comparative Genomics Identifies the Evolutionarily Conserved Gene TPM3 as a Target of eca-miR-1 Involved in the Skeletal Muscle Development of Donkeys. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15440. [PMID: 37895119 PMCID: PMC10607226 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Species within the genus Equus are valued for their draft ability. Skeletal muscle forms the foundation of the draft ability of Equus species; however, skeletal muscle development-related conserved genes and their target miRNAs are rarely reported for Equus. In this study, a comparative genomics analysis was performed among five species (horse, donkey, zebra, cattle, and goat), and the results showed that a total of 15,262 (47.43%) genes formed the core gene set of the five species. Only nine chromosomes (Chr01, Chr02, Chr03, Chr06, Chr10, Chr18, Chr22, Chr27, Chr29, and Chr30) exhibited a good collinearity relationship among Equus species. The micro-synteny analysis results showed that TPM3 was evolutionarily conserved in chromosome 1 in Equus. Furthermore, donkeys were used as the model species for Equus to investigate the genetic role of TPM3 in muscle development. Interestingly, the results of comparative transcriptomics showed that the TPM3 gene was differentially expressed in donkey skeletal muscle S1 (2 months old) and S2 (24 months old), as verified via RT-PCR. Dual-luciferase test analysis showed that the TPM3 gene was targeted by differentially expressed miRNA (eca-miR-1). Furthermore, a total of 17 TPM3 gene family members were identified in the whole genome of donkey, and a heatmap analysis showed that EaTPM3-5 was a key member of the TPM3 gene family, which is involved in skeletal muscle development. In conclusion, the TPM3 gene was conserved in Equus, and EaTPM3-5 was targeted by eca-miR-1, which is involved in skeletal muscle development in donkeys.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ruihua Dang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China; (G.Y.); (M.S.); (Z.W.); (Q.H.); (J.G.); (J.Y.); (C.L.)
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6
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Yang Y, GuangXuan H, GenMeng W, MengHuan L, Bo C, XueJie Y. Idiopathic inflammatory myopathy and non-coding RNA. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1227945. [PMID: 37744337 PMCID: PMC10512060 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1227945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) are common autoimmune diseases that affect skeletal muscle quality and function. The lack of an early diagnosis and treatment can lead to irreversible muscle damage. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play an important role in inflammatory transfer, muscle regeneration, differentiation, and regulation of specific antibody levels and pain in IIMs. ncRNAs can be detected in blood and hair; therefore, ncRNAs detection has great potential for diagnosing, preventing, and treating IIMs in conjunction with other methods. However, the specific roles and mechanisms underlying the regulation of IIMs and their subtypes remain unclear. Here, we review the mechanisms by which micro RNAs and long non-coding RNA-messenger RNA networks regulate IIMs to provide a basis for ncRNAs use as diagnostic tools and therapeutic targets for IIMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Hu GuangXuan
- School of Physical Education, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Wan GenMeng
- College of Exercise and Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
| | - Li MengHuan
- College of Exercise and Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chang Bo
- College of Exercise and Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yi XueJie
- Social Science Research Center, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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7
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Pomella S, Danielli SG, Alaggio R, Breunis WB, Hamed E, Selfe J, Wachtel M, Walters ZS, Schäfer BW, Rota R, Shipley JM, Hettmer S. Genomic and Epigenetic Changes Drive Aberrant Skeletal Muscle Differentiation in Rhabdomyosarcoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2823. [PMID: 37345159 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15102823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), the most common soft-tissue sarcoma in children and adolescents, represents an aberrant form of skeletal muscle differentiation. Both skeletal muscle development, as well as regeneration of adult skeletal muscle are governed by members of the myogenic family of regulatory transcription factors (MRFs), which are deployed in a highly controlled, multi-step, bidirectional process. Many aspects of this complex process are deregulated in RMS and contribute to tumorigenesis. Interconnected loops of super-enhancers, called core regulatory circuitries (CRCs), define aberrant muscle differentiation in RMS cells. The transcriptional regulation of MRF expression/activity takes a central role in the CRCs active in skeletal muscle and RMS. In PAX3::FOXO1 fusion-positive (PF+) RMS, CRCs maintain expression of the disease-driving fusion oncogene. Recent single-cell studies have revealed hierarchically organized subsets of cells within the RMS cell pool, which recapitulate developmental myogenesis and appear to drive malignancy. There is a large interest in exploiting the causes of aberrant muscle development in RMS to allow for terminal differentiation as a therapeutic strategy, for example, by interrupting MEK/ERK signaling or by interfering with the epigenetic machinery controlling CRCs. In this review, we provide an overview of the genetic and epigenetic framework of abnormal muscle differentiation in RMS, as it provides insights into fundamental mechanisms of RMS malignancy, its remarkable phenotypic diversity and, ultimately, opportunities for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Pomella
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS Istituto Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesu, Viale San Paolo 15, 00146 Rome, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Sara G Danielli
- Department of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital of Zurich, 8032 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Rita Alaggio
- Department of Pathology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Viale San Paolo 15, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Willemijn B Breunis
- Department of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital of Zurich, 8032 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ebrahem Hamed
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Joanna Selfe
- Sarcoma Molecular Pathology Team, Divisions of Molecular Pathology and Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 FNG, UK
| | - Marco Wachtel
- Department of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital of Zurich, 8032 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Zoe S Walters
- Translational Epigenomics Team, Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Beat W Schäfer
- Department of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital of Zurich, 8032 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Rossella Rota
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS Istituto Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesu, Viale San Paolo 15, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Janet M Shipley
- Sarcoma Molecular Pathology Team, Divisions of Molecular Pathology and Cancer Therapeutics, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SM2 FNG, UK
| | - Simone Hettmer
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre Freiburg (CCCF), University Medical Center Freiburg, 790106 Freiburg, Germany
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8
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Zhuang X, Xie F, Lin Z, Luo J, Chen T, Xi Q, Zhang Y, Sun J. Effect of miR-493-5p on proliferation and differentiation of myoblast by targeting ANKRD17. Cell Tissue Res 2023:10.1007/s00441-023-03777-3. [PMID: 37178193 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-023-03777-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The hypertrophy and conversion of postnatal muscle fibers largely determine the yield and quality of meat, which is closely related to the economic value of pigs. MicroRNA (miRNA), as a kind of endogenous noncoding RNA molecule, is widely involved in myogenesis of livestock and poultry. The longissimus dorsi tissues of Lantang pigs at 1 and 90 days (LT1D and LT90D) were collected and profiled by miRNA-seq. We found 1871 and 1729 miRNA candidates in LT1D and LT90D samples, and 794 miRNAs were shared. We identified 16 differentially expressed miRNAs between two tested groups and explored the function of miR-493-5p inmyogenesis. The miR-493-5p promoted the proliferation and inhibited the differentiation of myoblasts. Using GO and KEGG analyses of 164 target genes of miR-493-5p, we found that ATP2A2, PPP3CA, KLF15, MED28, and ANKRD17 genes were related to muscle development. RT-qPCR detection showed that the expression level of ANKRD17 was highly expressed in LT1D libraries, and the double luciferase report test preliminarily proved that miR-493-5p and ANKRD17 have a directly targeting relationship. We established miRNA profiles for the longissimus dorsi tissues of 1-day-old and 90-day-old Lantang pigs and found that miR-493-5p was differentially expressed and associated with myogenesis by targeting ANKRD17 gene. Our results should serve as a reference for future studies on pork quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Zhuang
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Fang Xie
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Zekun Lin
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Junyi Luo
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Ting Chen
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Qianyun Xi
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongliang Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jiajie Sun
- College of Animal Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, China.
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9
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Antarctic krill extracts enhance muscle regeneration and muscle function via mammalian target of rapamycin regulation. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
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10
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Cuttini E, Goi C, Pellarin E, Vida R, Brancolini C. HDAC4 in cancer: A multitasking platform to drive not only epigenetic modifications. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1116660. [PMID: 36762207 PMCID: PMC9902726 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1116660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Controlling access to genomic information and maintaining its stability are key aspects of cell life. Histone acetylation is a reversible epigenetic modification that allows access to DNA and the assembly of protein complexes that regulate mainly transcription but also other activities. Enzymes known as histone deacetylases (HDACs) are involved in the removal of the acetyl-group or in some cases of small hydrophobic moieties from histones but also from the non-histone substrate. The main achievement of HDACs on histones is to repress transcription and promote the formation of more compact chromatin. There are 18 different HDACs encoded in the human genome. Here we will discuss HDAC4, a member of the class IIa family, and its possible contribution to cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Cuttini
- Scuola Superiore Universitaria di Toppo Wassermann, Università degli Studi di Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Camilla Goi
- Scuola Superiore Universitaria di Toppo Wassermann, Università degli Studi di Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Ester Pellarin
- Scuola Superiore Universitaria di Toppo Wassermann, Università degli Studi di Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Riccardo Vida
- Scuola Superiore Universitaria di Toppo Wassermann, Università degli Studi di Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Claudio Brancolini
- Scuola Superiore Universitaria di Toppo Wassermann, Università degli Studi di Udine, Udine, Italy,Laboratory of Epigenomics, Department of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Udine, Udine, Italy,*Correspondence: Claudio Brancolini,
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11
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Shintani-Ishida K, Tsurumi R, Ikegaya H. Decrease in the expression of muscle-specific miRNAs, miR-133a and miR-1, in myoblasts with replicative senescence. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280527. [PMID: 36649291 PMCID: PMC9844915 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscles that are injured or atrophied by aging undergo myogenic regeneration. Although myoblasts play a pivotal role in myogenic regeneration, their function is impaired with aging. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are also involved in myogenic regeneration. MiRNA (miR)-1 and miR-133a are muscle-specific miRNAs that control the proliferation and differentiation of myoblasts. In this study, we determined whether miR-1 and miR-133a expression in myoblasts is altered with cellular senescence and involved in senescence-impaired myogenic differentiation. C2C12 murine skeletal myoblasts were converted to a replicative senescent state by culturing to a high passage number. Although miR-1 and miR-133a expression was largely induced during myogenic differentiation, expression was suppressed in cells at high passage numbers (passage 10 and/or passage 20). Although the senescent myoblasts exhibited a deterioration of myogenic differentiation, transfection of miR-1 or miR-133a into myoblasts ameliorated cell fusion. Treatment with the glutaminase 1 inhibitor, BPTES, removed senescent cells from C2C12 myoblasts with a high passage number, whereas myotube formation and miR-133a expression was increased. In addition, primary cultured myoblasts prepared from aged C57BL/6J male mice (20 months old) exhibited a decrease in miR-1 and miR-133a levels compared with younger mice (3 months old). The results suggest that replicative senescence suppresses muscle-specific miRNA expression in myoblasts, which contributes to the senescence-related dysfunction of myogenic regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Shintani-Ishida
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Riko Tsurumi
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ikegaya
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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12
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Desprez C, Danovi D, Knowles CH, Day RM. Cell shape characteristics of human skeletal muscle cells as a predictor of myogenic competency: A new paradigm towards precision cell therapy. J Tissue Eng 2023; 14:20417314221139794. [PMID: 36949843 PMCID: PMC10026113 DOI: 10.1177/20417314221139794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle-derived cells (SMDC) hold tremendous potential for replenishing dysfunctional muscle lost due to disease or trauma. Current therapeutic usage of SMDC relies on harvesting autologous cells from muscle biopsies that are subsequently expanded in vitro before re-implantation into the patient. Heterogeneity can arise from multiple factors including quality of the starting biopsy, age and comorbidity affecting the processed SMDC. Quality attributes intended for clinical use often focus on minimum levels of myogenic cell marker expression. Such approaches do not evaluate the likelihood of SMDC to differentiate and form myofibres when implanted in vivo, which ultimately determines the likelihood of muscle regeneration. Predicting the therapeutic potency of SMDC in vitro prior to implantation is key to developing successful therapeutics in regenerative medicine and reducing implementation costs. Here, we report on the development of a novel SMDC profiling tool to examine populations of cells in vitro derived from different donors. We developed an image-based pipeline to quantify morphological features and extracted cell shape descriptors. We investigated whether these could predict heterogeneity in the formation of myotubes and correlate with the myogenic fusion index. Several of the early cell shape characteristics were found to negatively correlate with the fusion index. These included total area occupied by cells, area shape, bounding box area, compactness, equivalent diameter, minimum ferret diameter, minor axis length and perimeter of SMDC at 24 h after initiating culture. The information extracted with our approach indicates live cell imaging can detect a range of cell phenotypes based on cell-shape alone and preserving cell integrity could be used to predict propensity to form myotubes in vitro and functional tissue in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Desprez
- Centre for Precision Healthcare, UCL
Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Digestive Physiology,
Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
- On behalf of the EC Horizon 2020 AMELIE
consortium. Details of the AMELIE consortium is provided in the
Acknowledgements
| | - Davide Danovi
- Centre for Gene Therapy and
Regenerative Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
- bit.bio, The Dorithy Hodgkin Building,
Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge
| | - Charles H Knowles
- On behalf of the EC Horizon 2020 AMELIE
consortium. Details of the AMELIE consortium is provided in the
Acknowledgements
- Blizard Institute, Centre for
Neuroscience, Surgery & Trauma, Queen Mary University of London, London,
UK
| | - Richard M Day
- Centre for Precision Healthcare, UCL
Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
- On behalf of the EC Horizon 2020 AMELIE
consortium. Details of the AMELIE consortium is provided in the
Acknowledgements
- Richard M Day, Centre for Precision
Healthcare, UCL Division of Medicine, University College London, Gower Street,
London WC1E 6JJ, UK.
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13
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Wronska A. The Role of microRNA in the Development, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease: Recent Developments. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2023; 384:123-132. [PMID: 35779862 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.121.001152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Since their discovery in 1993, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as important regulators of many crucial cellular processes, and their dysregulation have been shown to contribute to multiple pathologic conditions, including cardiovascular disease (CVD). miRNAs have been found to regulate the expression of various genes involved in cardiac development and function and in the development and progression of CVD. Many miRNAs are master regulators fine-tuning the expression of multiple, often interrelated, genes involved in inflammation, apoptosis, fibrosis, senescence, and other processes crucial for the development of different forms of CVD. This article presents a review of recent developments in our understanding of the role of miRNAs in the development of CVD and surveys their potential applicability as therapeutic targets and biomarkers to facilitate CVD diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. There are currently multiple potential miRNA-based therapeutic agents in different stages of development, which can be grouped into two classes: miRNA mimics (replicating the sequence and activity of their corresponding miRNAs) and antagomiRs (antisense inhibitors of specific miRNAs). However, in spite of promising preliminary data and our ever-increasing knowledge about the mechanisms of action of specific miRNAs, miRNA-based therapeutics and biomarkers have yet to be approved for clinical applications. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Over the last few years microRNAs have emerged as crucial, specific regulators of the cardiovascular system and in the development of cardiovascular disease, by posttranscriptional regulation of their target genes. The minireview presents the most recent developments in this area of research, including the progress in diagnostic and therapeutic applications of microRNAs. microRNAs seem very promising candidates for biomarkers and therapeutic agents, although some challenges, such as efficient delivery and unwanted effects, need to be resolved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anetta Wronska
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Clyde and Helen Wu Center for Molecular Cardiology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York
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14
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Han X, Goh KY, Lee WX, Choy SM, Tang HW. The Importance of mTORC1-Autophagy Axis for Skeletal Muscle Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:297. [PMID: 36613741 PMCID: PMC9820406 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 1, mTORC1, integrates nutrient and growth factor signals with cellular responses and plays critical roles in regulating cell growth, proliferation, and lifespan. mTORC1 signaling has been reported as a central regulator of autophagy by modulating almost all aspects of the autophagic process, including initiation, expansion, and termination. An increasing number of studies suggest that mTORC1 and autophagy are critical for the physiological function of skeletal muscle and are involved in diverse muscle diseases. Here, we review recent insights into the essential roles of mTORC1 and autophagy in skeletal muscles and their implications in human muscle diseases. Multiple inhibitors targeting mTORC1 or autophagy have already been clinically approved, while others are under development. These chemical modulators that target the mTORC1/autophagy pathways represent promising potentials to cure muscle diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xujun Han
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Kah Yong Goh
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Wen Xing Lee
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Sze Mun Choy
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Hong-Wen Tang
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- Division of Cellular & Molecular Research, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 169610, Singapore
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15
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Deconstruction of Neurotrypsin Reveals a Multi-factorially Regulated Activity Affecting Myotube Formation and Neuronal Excitability. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:7466-7485. [PMID: 36197591 PMCID: PMC9616769 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03056-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Neurotrypsin (NT) is a highly specific nervous system multi-domain serine protease best known for its selective processing of the potent synaptic organizer agrin. Its enzymatic activity is thought to influence processes of synaptic plasticity, with its deregulation causing accelerated neuromuscular junction (NMJ) degeneration or contributing to forms of mental retardation. These biological effects are likely to stem from NT-based regulation of agrin signaling. However, dissecting the exact biological implications of NT-agrin interplay is difficult, due to the scarce molecular detail regarding NT activity and NT-agrin interactions. We developed a strategy to reliably produce and purify a catalytically competent engineered variant of NT called "NT-mini" and a library of C-terminal agrin fragments, with which we performed a thorough biochemical and biophysical characterization of NT enzyme functionality. We studied the regulatory effects of calcium ions and heparin, identified NT's heparin-binding domain, and discovered how zinc ions induce modulation of enzymatic activity. Additionally, we investigated myotube differentiation and hippocampal neuron excitability, evidencing a dose-dependent increase in neuronal activity alongside a negative impact on myoblast fusion when using the active NT enzyme. Collectively, our results provide in vitro and cellular foundations to unravel the molecular underpinnings and biological significance of NT-agrin interactions.
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16
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Waldemer-Streyer RJ, Kim D, Chen J. Muscle cell-derived cytokines in skeletal muscle regeneration. FEBS J 2022; 289:6463-6483. [PMID: 35073461 PMCID: PMC9308828 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Regeneration of the mammalian adult skeletal muscle is a well-orchestrated process regulated by multiple proteins and signalling pathways. Cytokines constitute a major class of regulators of skeletal myogenesis. It is well established that infiltrating immune cells at the site of muscle injury secrete cytokines, which play critical roles in the myofibre repair and regeneration process. In the past 10-15 years, skeletal muscle itself has emerged as a prolific producer of cytokines. Much attention in the field has been focused on the endocrine effects of muscle-secreted cytokines (myokines) on metabolic regulation. However, ample evidence suggests that muscle-derived cytokines also regulate myogenic differentiation and muscle regeneration in an autocrine manner. In this review, we survey cytokines that meet two criteria: (a) evidence of expression by muscle cells; (b) evidence demonstrating a myogenic function. Dozens of cytokines representing several major classes make up this group, and together they regulate all steps of the myogenic process. How such a large array of cytokines coordinate their signalling to form a regulatory network is a fascinating, pressing question. Functional studies that can distinguish the source of the cytokines in vivo are also much needed in order to facilitate exploration of their full therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jie Chen
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 601 S. Goodwin Ave., Urbana, IL 61801
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17
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Cai H, Wang Z, Tang W, Ke X, Zhao E. Recent advances of the mammalian target of rapamycin signaling in mesenchymal stem cells. Front Genet 2022; 13:970699. [PMID: 36110206 PMCID: PMC9468880 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.970699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase involved in a variety of cellular functions, such as cell proliferation, metabolism, autophagy, survival and cytoskeletal organization. Furthermore, mTOR is made up of three multisubunit complexes, mTOR complex 1, mTOR complex 2, and putative mTOR complex 3. In recent years, increasing evidence has suggested that mTOR plays important roles in the differentiation and immune responses of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). In addition, mTOR is a vital regulator of pivotal cellular and physiological functions, such as cell metabolism, survival and ageing, where it has emerged as a novel therapeutic target for ageing-related diseases. Therefore, the mTOR signaling may develop a large impact on the treatment of ageing-related diseases with MSCs. In this review, we discuss prospects for future research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huarui Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhongze Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenhan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoxue Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoxue Ke, ; Erhu Zhao,
| | - Erhu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoxue Ke, ; Erhu Zhao,
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18
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Epigenetic Alterations in Sports-Related Injuries. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13081471. [PMID: 36011382 PMCID: PMC9408207 DOI: 10.3390/genes13081471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
It is a well-known fact that physical activity benefits people of all age groups. However, highly intensive training, maladaptation, improper equipment, and lack of sufficient rest lead to contusions and sports-related injuries. From the perspectives of sports professionals and those performing regular–amateur sports activities, it is important to maintain proper levels of training, without encountering frequent injuries. The bodily responses to physical stress and intensive physical activity are detected on many levels. Epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation, histone protein methylation, acetylation, and miRNA expression occur in response to environmental changes and play fundamental roles in the regulation of cellular activities. In the current review, we summarise the available knowledge on epigenetic alterations present in tissues and organs (e.g., muscles, the brain, tendons, and bones) as a consequence of sports-related injuries. Epigenetic mechanism observations have the potential to become useful tools in sports medicine, as predictors of approaching pathophysiological alterations and injury biomarkers that have already taken place.
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19
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Zeng C, Hu J, Chen F, Huang T, Zhang L. The Coordination of mTOR Signaling and Non-Coding RNA in Regulating Epileptic Neuroinflammation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:924642. [PMID: 35898503 PMCID: PMC9310657 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.924642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy accounts for a significant proportion of the burden of neurological disorders. Neuroinflammation acting as the inflammatory response to epileptic seizures is characterized by aberrant regulation of inflammatory cells and molecules, and has been regarded as a key process in epilepsy where mTOR signaling serves as a pivotal modulator. Meanwhile, accumulating evidence has revealed that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) interfering with mTOR signaling are involved in neuroinflammation and therefore articipate in the development and progression of epilepsy. In this review, we highlight recent advances in the regulation of mTOR on neuroinflammatory cells and mediators, and feature the progresses of the interaction between ncRNAs and mTOR in epileptic neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chudai Zeng
- Departments of Neurosurgery, and National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jason Hu
- Department of Neonatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Fenghua Chen
- Departments of Neurosurgery, and National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Fenghua Chen, ; Tianxiang Huang, ; Longbo Zhang,
| | - Tianxiang Huang
- Departments of Neurosurgery, and National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Fenghua Chen, ; Tianxiang Huang, ; Longbo Zhang,
| | - Longbo Zhang
- Departments of Neurosurgery, and National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
- *Correspondence: Fenghua Chen, ; Tianxiang Huang, ; Longbo Zhang,
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20
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Loumaye A, Lause P, Zhong X, Zimmers TA, Bindels LB, Thissen JP. Activin A Causes Muscle Atrophy through MEF2C-Dependent Impaired Myogenesis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11071119. [PMID: 35406681 PMCID: PMC8997966 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Activin A (ActA) is considered to play a major role in cancer-induced cachexia (CC). Indeed, circulating ActA levels are elevated and predict survival in patients with CC. However, the mechanisms by which ActA mediates CC development and in particular skeletal muscle (SM) atrophy in humans are not yet fully understood. In this work, we aimed to investigate the effects of ActA on human SM and in mouse models of CC. We used a model of human muscle cells in culture to explore how ActA acts towards human SM. In this model, recombinant ActA induced myotube atrophy associated with the decline of MyHC-β/slow, the main myosin isoform in human muscle cells studied. Moreover, ActA inhibited the expression and activity of MEF2C, the transcription factor regulating MYH7, the gene which codes for MyHC-β/slow. This decrease in MEF2C was involved in the decline of MyHC-β/slow expression, since inhibition of MEF2C by a siRNA leads to the decrease in MyHC-β/slow expression. The relevance of this ActA/MEF2C pathway in vivo was supported by the parallel decline of MEF2C expression and SM mass, which are both blunted by ActA inhibition, in animal models of CC. In this work, we showed that ActA is a potent negative regulator of SM mass by inhibiting MyHC-β/slow synthesis through downregulation of MEF2C. This observation highlights a novel interaction between ActA signaling and MEF2C transcriptional activity which contributes to SM atrophy in CC models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Loumaye
- Pole of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nutrition, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (P.L.); (J.-P.T.)
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-2-764-6001
| | - Pascale Lause
- Pole of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nutrition, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (P.L.); (J.-P.T.)
| | - Xiaoling Zhong
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indiana University Simon and Bren Comprehensive Cancer Center, Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (X.Z.); (T.A.Z.)
- Research Service, Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Teresa A. Zimmers
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indiana University Simon and Bren Comprehensive Cancer Center, Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (X.Z.); (T.A.Z.)
- Research Service, Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Laure B. Bindels
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Jean-Paul Thissen
- Pole of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Nutrition, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (P.L.); (J.-P.T.)
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
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21
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Ye J, Zhao X, Xue H, Zou X, Liu G, Deng M, Sun B, Guo Y, Liu D, Li Y. RNA-Seq Reveals miRNA and mRNA Co-regulate Muscle Differentiation in Fetal Leizhou Goats. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:829769. [PMID: 35400087 PMCID: PMC8990838 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.829769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle differentiation is an essential link in animal growth and development, and microRNA and mRNA are indispensable in skeletal muscle differentiation. To improve the meat quality and production of the Leizhou goat, it is vital to understand the molecular mechanism by which its skeletal muscle differentiates. By RNA sequencing (RNA-SEQ), we established miRNA-mRNA profiles of Leizhou goats at three stages: fetal day 70, 90, and 120. There were 991 differently expressed mRNAs and 39 differentially expressed miRNAs found, with the differentially expressed mRNAs mainly enriched in calcium ion binding, ECM-receptor interaction, and Focal adhesion. CKM and MYH3, two muscle differentiation markers, were significantly differentially expressed during this period. In addition, we found that chi-miR-129-5p, chi-miR-433, and chi-miR-24-3p co-regulate muscle differentiation with their target genes. Finally, we can confirm that muscle differentiation occurred in Leizhou goat between 90 and 120 days of the fetus. This study is helpful to better explore the molecular mechanism of goat muscle differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junning Ye
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiuhui Zhao
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huiwen Xue
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xian Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guangbin Liu
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Deng
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baoli Sun
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongqing Guo
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dewu Liu
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- National Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Livestock and Poultry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaokun Li
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yaokun Li
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22
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Zhou X, Yan Q, Liu L, Chen G, Tang S, He Z, Tan Z. Maternal undernutrition alters the skeletal muscle development and methylation of myogenic factors in goat offspring. Anim Biosci 2022; 35:847-857. [PMID: 34991223 PMCID: PMC9066034 DOI: 10.5713/ab.21.0285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The effects of maternal undernutrition during midgestation on muscle fiber histology, myosin heavy chain (MyHC) expression, methylation modification of myogenic factors, and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway in the skeletal muscles of prenatal and postnatal goats were examined. Methods Twenty-four pregnant goats were assigned to a control (100% of the nutrients requirement, n = 12) or a restricted group (60% of the nutrients requirement, n = 12) between 45 and 100 days of gestation. Descendants were harvested at day 100 of gestation and at day 90 after birth to collect the femoris muscle tissue. Results Maternal undernutrition increased (p<0.05) the fiber area of the vastus muscle in the fetuses and enhanced (p<0.01) the proportions of MyHCI and MyHCIIA fibers in offspring, while the proportion of MyHCIIX fibers was decreased (p<0.01). DNA methylation at the +530 cytosine-guanine dinucleotide (CpG) site of the myogenic factor 5 (MYF5) promoter in restricted fetuses was increased (p<0.05), but the methylation of the MYF5 gene at the +274,280 CpG site and of the myogenic differentiation (MYOD) gene at the +252 CpG site in restricted kids was reduced (p<0.05). mTOR protein signals were downregulated (p<0.05) in the restricted offspring. Conclusion Maternal undernutrition altered the muscle fiber type in offspring, but its relationship with methylation in the promoter regions of myogenic genes needs to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Zhou
- College of Animal Science, Tarim University, Alaer 843300, China.,Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Qiongxian Yan
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China.,Hunan Co-Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Liling Liu
- College of Animal Science, Tarim University, Alaer 843300, China
| | - Genyuan Chen
- College of Animal Science, Tarim University, Alaer 843300, China
| | - Shaoxun Tang
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhixiong He
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China.,Hunan Co-Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zhiliang Tan
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China.,Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, CICAPS, Changsha 410128, China
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23
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Imai N, Nicholls HT, Alves-Bezerra M, Li Y, Ivanova AA, Ortlund EA, Cohen DE. Up-regulation of thioesterase superfamily member 2 in skeletal muscle promotes hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance in mice. Hepatology 2022; 75:154-169. [PMID: 34433228 PMCID: PMC9938941 DOI: 10.1002/hep.32122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Thioesterase superfamily member 2 (Them2) is highly expressed in liver and oxidative tissues, where it hydrolyzes long-chain fatty acyl-CoA esters to free fatty acids and CoA. Although mice globally lacking Them2 (Them2-/- ) are protected against diet-induced obesity, hepatic steatosis (HS), and insulin resistance (IR), liver-specific Them2-/- mice remain susceptible. The aim of this study was to test whether Them2 activity in extrahepatic oxidative tissues is a primary determinant of HS and IR. APPROACH AND RESULTS Upon observing IR and up-regulation of Them2 in skeletal, but not cardiac, muscle of high-fat-diet (HFD)-fed wild-type compared to Them2-/- mice, we created mice with Them2 specifically deleted in skeletal (S-Them2-/- ) and cardiac muscle (C-Them2-/- ), as well as in adipose tissue (A-Them2-/- ). When fed an HFD, S-Them2-/- , but not C-Them2-/- or A-Them2-/- , mice exhibited reduced weight gain and improved glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity. Reconstitution of Them2 expression in skeletal muscle of global Them2-/- mice, using adeno-associated virus, was sufficient to restore excess weight gain. Increased rates of fatty acid oxidation in skeletal muscle of S-Them2-/- mice contributed to protection from HFD-induced HS by increasing VLDL triglyceride secretion rates in response to greater demand. Increases in insulin sensitivity were further attributable to alterations in production of skeletal muscle metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids, branched-chain amino acids, and pentose phosphate pathway intermediates, as well as in expression of myokines that modulate insulin responsiveness. CONCLUSIONS These results reveal a key role for skeletal muscle Them2 in the pathogenesis of HS and IR and implicate it as a target in the management of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norihiro Imai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Joan & Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, NY 10021 USA
| | - Hayley T. Nicholls
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Joan & Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, NY 10021 USA
| | - Michele Alves-Bezerra
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Joan & Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, NY 10021 USA
| | - Yingxia Li
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Joan & Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, NY 10021 USA
| | - Anna A. Ivanova
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
| | - Eric A. Ortlund
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
| | - David E. Cohen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Joan & Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, NY 10021 USA
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Xiao QA, He Q, Zeng J, Xia X. GDF-15, a future therapeutic target of glucolipid metabolic disorders and cardiovascular disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 146:112582. [PMID: 34959119 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth and differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) was discovered as a member of the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) superfamily and the serum level of GDF-15 was significantly correlated with glucolipid metabolic disorders (GLMD) and cardiovascular diseases. In 2017, a novel identified receptor of GDF-15-glial-derived neurotrophic factor receptor alpha-like (GFRAL) was found to regulate energy homeostasis (such as obesity, diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)). The function of GDF-15/GFRAL in suppressing appetite, enhancing glucose/lipid metabolism and vascular remodeling has been gradually revealed. These effects make it a potential therapeutic target for GLMD and vascular diseases. In this narrative review, we included and reviewed 121 articles by screening 524 articles from literature database. We primarily focused on the function of GDF-15 and its role in GLMD/cardiovascular diseases and discuss its potential clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Ao Xiao
- Department of Endocrinology, The People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University/the First People's Hospital of Yichang, Yichang 443000, China; Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
| | - Qian He
- Department of Geriatrics, The People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University/the First People's Hospital of Yichang, Yichang 443000, China
| | - Jun Zeng
- Department of Endocrinology, The People's Hospital of China Three Gorges University/the First People's Hospital of Yichang, Yichang 443000, China.
| | - Xuan Xia
- Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China; Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Medical College, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China.
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25
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Srivastava S, Rathor R, Singh SN, Suryakumar G. Emerging role of MyomiRs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in skeletal muscle diseases. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2021; 321:C859-C875. [PMID: 34586896 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00057.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Several chronic diseases lead to skeletal muscle loss and a decline in physical performance. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNAs, which have exhibited their role in the development and diseased state of the skeletal muscle. miRNA regulates gene expression by binding to the 3' untranslated region of its target mRNA. Due to the robust stability in biological fluids, miRNAs are ideal candidate as biomarker. These miRNAs provide a novel avenue in strengthening our awareness and knowledge about the factors governing skeletal muscle functions such as development, growth, metabolism, differentiation, and cell proliferation. It also helps in understanding the therapeutic strategies in improving or conserving skeletal muscle health. This review outlines the evidence regarding the present knowledge on the role miRNA as a potential biomarker in skeletal muscle diseases and their exploration might be a unique and potential therapeutic strategy for various skeletal muscle disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Richa Rathor
- Defence Institute of Physiology & Allied Sciences (DIPAS), Delhi, India
| | - Som Nath Singh
- Defence Institute of Physiology & Allied Sciences (DIPAS), Delhi, India
| | - Geetha Suryakumar
- Defence Institute of Physiology & Allied Sciences (DIPAS), Delhi, India
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26
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Gutiérrez-Pérez P, Santillán EM, Lendl T, Wang J, Schrempf A, Steinacker TL, Asparuhova M, Brandstetter M, Haselbach D, Cochella L. miR-1 sustains muscle physiology by controlling V-ATPase complex assembly. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabh1434. [PMID: 34652942 PMCID: PMC8519577 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abh1434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Muscle function requires unique structural and metabolic adaptations that can render muscle cells selectively vulnerable, with mutations in some ubiquitously expressed genes causing myopathies but sparing other tissues. We uncovered a muscle cell vulnerability by studying miR-1, a deeply conserved, muscle-specific microRNA whose ablation causes various muscle defects. Using Caenorhabditis elegans, we found that miR-1 represses multiple subunits of the ubiquitous vacuolar adenosine triphosphatase (V-ATPase) complex, which is essential for internal compartment acidification and metabolic signaling. V-ATPase subunits are predicted miR-1 targets in animals ranging from C. elegans to humans, and we experimentally validated this in Drosophila. Unexpectedly, up-regulation of V-ATPase subunits upon miR-1 deletion causes reduced V-ATPase function due to defects in complex assembly. These results reveal V-ATPase assembly as a conserved muscle cell vulnerability and support a previously unknown role for microRNAs in the regulation of protein complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Gutiérrez-Pérez
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna BioCenter (VBC), 1030 Vienna, Austria
- Vienna BioCenter PhD Program, Doctoral School of the University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Emilio M. Santillán
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna BioCenter (VBC), 1030 Vienna, Austria
- Vienna BioCenter PhD Program, Doctoral School of the University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Lendl
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna BioCenter (VBC), 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jingkui Wang
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna BioCenter (VBC), 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Schrempf
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Mila Asparuhova
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna BioCenter (VBC), 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Marlene Brandstetter
- Electron Microscopy Facility, Vienna BioCenter Core Facilities GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| | - David Haselbach
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna BioCenter (VBC), 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Luisa Cochella
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna BioCenter (VBC), 1030 Vienna, Austria
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27
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Huang X, Dong YL, Li T, Xiong W, Zhang X, Wang PJ, Huang JQ. Dietary Selenium Regulates microRNAs in Metabolic Disease: Recent Progress. Nutrients 2021; 13:1527. [PMID: 34062793 PMCID: PMC8147315 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential element for the maintenance of a healthy physiological state. However, due to environmental and dietary factors and the narrow safety range of Se, diseases caused by Se deficiency or excess have gained considerable traction in recent years. In particular, links have been identified between low Se status, cognitive decline, immune disorders, and increased mortality, whereas excess Se increases metabolic risk. Considerable evidence has suggested microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate interactions between the environment (including the diet) and genes, and play important roles in several diseases, including cancer. MiRNAs target messenger RNAs to induce changes in proteins including selenoprotein expression, ultimately generating disease. While a plethora of data exists on the epigenetic regulation of other dietary factors, nutrient Se epigenetics and especially miRNA regulated mechanisms remain unclear. Thus, this review mainly focuses on Se metabolism, pathogenic mechanisms, and miRNAs as key regulatory factors in Se-related diseases. Finally, we attempt to clarify the regulatory mechanisms underpinning Se, miRNAs, selenoproteins, and Se-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Huang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (X.H.); (Y.-L.D.); (T.L.); (W.X.); (X.Z.); (P.-J.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yu-Lan Dong
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (X.H.); (Y.-L.D.); (T.L.); (W.X.); (X.Z.); (P.-J.W.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Tong Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (X.H.); (Y.-L.D.); (T.L.); (W.X.); (X.Z.); (P.-J.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (X.H.); (Y.-L.D.); (T.L.); (W.X.); (X.Z.); (P.-J.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (X.H.); (Y.-L.D.); (T.L.); (W.X.); (X.Z.); (P.-J.W.)
| | - Peng-Jie Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (X.H.); (Y.-L.D.); (T.L.); (W.X.); (X.Z.); (P.-J.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jia-Qiang Huang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (X.H.); (Y.-L.D.); (T.L.); (W.X.); (X.Z.); (P.-J.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
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Key Genes Regulating Skeletal Muscle Development and Growth in Farm Animals. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11030835. [PMID: 33809500 PMCID: PMC7999090 DOI: 10.3390/ani11030835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Skeletal muscle mass is an important economic trait, and muscle development and growth is a crucial factor to supply enough meat for human consumption. Thus, understanding (candidate) genes regulating skeletal muscle development is crucial for understanding molecular genetic regulation of muscle growth and can be benefit the meat industry toward the goal of increasing meat yields. During the past years, significant progress has been made for understanding these mechanisms, and thus, we decided to write a comprehensive review covering regulators and (candidate) genes crucial for muscle development and growth in farm animals. Detection of these genes and factors increases our understanding of muscle growth and development and is a great help for breeders to satisfy demands for meat production on a global scale. Abstract Farm-animal species play crucial roles in satisfying demands for meat on a global scale, and they are genetically being developed to enhance the efficiency of meat production. In particular, one of the important breeders’ aims is to increase skeletal muscle growth in farm animals. The enhancement of muscle development and growth is crucial to meet consumers’ demands regarding meat quality. Fetal skeletal muscle development involves myogenesis (with myoblast proliferation, differentiation, and fusion), fibrogenesis, and adipogenesis. Typically, myogenesis is regulated by a convoluted network of intrinsic and extrinsic factors monitored by myogenic regulatory factor genes in two or three phases, as well as genes that code for kinases. Marker-assisted selection relies on candidate genes related positively or negatively to muscle development and can be a strong supplement to classical selection strategies in farm animals. This comprehensive review covers important (candidate) genes that regulate muscle development and growth in farm animals (cattle, sheep, chicken, and pig). The identification of these genes is an important step toward the goal of increasing meat yields and improves meat quality.
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29
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Garbern JC, Lee RT. Mitochondria and metabolic transitions in cardiomyocytes: lessons from development for stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:177. [PMID: 33712058 PMCID: PMC7953594 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02252-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Current methods to differentiate cardiomyocytes from human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) inadequately recapitulate complete development and result in PSC-derived cardiomyocytes (PSC-CMs) with an immature or fetal-like phenotype. Embryonic and fetal development are highly dynamic periods during which the developing embryo or fetus is exposed to changing nutrient, oxygen, and hormone levels until birth. It is becoming increasingly apparent that these metabolic changes initiate developmental processes to mature cardiomyocytes. Mitochondria are central to these changes, responding to these metabolic changes and transitioning from small, fragmented mitochondria to large organelles capable of producing enough ATP to support the contractile function of the heart. These changes in mitochondria may not simply be a response to cardiomyocyte maturation; the metabolic signals that occur throughout development may actually be central to the maturation process in cardiomyocytes. Here, we review methods to enhance maturation of PSC-CMs and highlight evidence from development indicating the key roles that mitochondria play during cardiomyocyte maturation. We evaluate metabolic transitions that occur during development and how these affect molecular nutrient sensors, discuss how regulation of nutrient sensing pathways affect mitochondrial dynamics and function, and explore how changes in mitochondrial function can affect metabolite production, the cell cycle, and epigenetics to influence maturation of cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica C Garbern
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, 7 Divinity Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Richard T Lee
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, 7 Divinity Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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30
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Elnour IE, Wang X, Zhansaya T, Akhatayeva Z, Khan R, Cheng J, Hung Y, Lan X, Lei C, Chen H. Circular RNA circMYL1 Inhibit Proliferation and Promote Differentiation of Myoblasts by Sponging miR-2400. Cells 2021; 10:cells10010176. [PMID: 33467116 PMCID: PMC7830797 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of endogenous non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) involved in regulating skeletal muscle development by sponging miRNAs. In this study, we found that the circMYL1 expression was down-regulated during myoblast proliferation, while gradually up-regulated in myoblast differentiation. The potential role of circMYL1 was identified in the proliferation of bovine myoblast through mRNA and protein expression of proliferation marker genes (PCNA, CyclinD1, and CDK2), cell counting kit-8 assay, flow cytometry analysis, and 5-ethynyl 2′-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay. Analysis of the expression of differentiation marker genes (MyoD, MyoG, and MYH2) and immunofluorescence of Myosin heavy chain (MyHC) was used to assess cell differentiation. The proliferation analysis revealed that circMYL1 inhibited the proliferation of bovine primary myoblast. Furthermore, the differentiation analysis demonstrated that circMYL1 promoted the differentiation of bovine primary myoblast. The luciferase screening and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays found that circMYL1 could have interaction with miR-2400. Additionally, we demonstrated that miR-2400 promoted proliferation and inhibited differentiation of bovine primary myoblast, while circMYL1 may eliminate the effects of miR-2400, as showed by rescue experiments. Together, our results revealed that a novel circular RNA of circMYL1 could inhibit proliferation and promote differentiation of myoblast by sponging miR-2400.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Elsaeid Elnour
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (I.E.E.); (X.W.); (T.Z.); (Z.A.); (R.K.); (J.C.); (Y.H.); (X.L.); (C.L.)
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Nyala, Nyala 155, Sudan
| | - Xiaogang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (I.E.E.); (X.W.); (T.Z.); (Z.A.); (R.K.); (J.C.); (Y.H.); (X.L.); (C.L.)
| | - Toremurat Zhansaya
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (I.E.E.); (X.W.); (T.Z.); (Z.A.); (R.K.); (J.C.); (Y.H.); (X.L.); (C.L.)
| | - Zhanerke Akhatayeva
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (I.E.E.); (X.W.); (T.Z.); (Z.A.); (R.K.); (J.C.); (Y.H.); (X.L.); (C.L.)
| | - Rajwali Khan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (I.E.E.); (X.W.); (T.Z.); (Z.A.); (R.K.); (J.C.); (Y.H.); (X.L.); (C.L.)
| | - Jie Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (I.E.E.); (X.W.); (T.Z.); (Z.A.); (R.K.); (J.C.); (Y.H.); (X.L.); (C.L.)
| | - Yongzhen Hung
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (I.E.E.); (X.W.); (T.Z.); (Z.A.); (R.K.); (J.C.); (Y.H.); (X.L.); (C.L.)
| | - Xianyong Lan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (I.E.E.); (X.W.); (T.Z.); (Z.A.); (R.K.); (J.C.); (Y.H.); (X.L.); (C.L.)
| | - Chuzhao Lei
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (I.E.E.); (X.W.); (T.Z.); (Z.A.); (R.K.); (J.C.); (Y.H.); (X.L.); (C.L.)
| | - Hong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (I.E.E.); (X.W.); (T.Z.); (Z.A.); (R.K.); (J.C.); (Y.H.); (X.L.); (C.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-029-87092102; Fax: +86-029-87092164
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Deng K, Yin H, Xiong F, Feng L, Dong P, Ren M. Genome-wide miRNA expression profiling in potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.) reveals TOR-dependent post-transcriptional gene regulatory networks in diverse metabolic pathway. PeerJ 2021; 9:e10704. [PMID: 33520467 PMCID: PMC7811781 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Target of rapamycin (TOR) operates as a hub of the signal transduction that integrates nutrient and energy signaling to promote cell proliferation and growth through mediating the transcriptional and post- transcriptional regulator networks in all eukaryotic species. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are widespread classes of small, single-stranded, non-coding endogenous RNAs and are widely found in eukaryotes, which play a vital role in regulating gene expression by degrading targeted mRNAs or translational repression at post-transcriptional level. Recent studies found that there were necessarily close connections between miRNA and TOR pathways in mammals. However, there is little information about the interplay between the miRNA and TOR in plants. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify potential TOR-miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks in TOR signaling through global mRNA and microRNA expression profiling in potato. Based on the previous high-throughput transcriptome sequencing and filtering, a total of 2,899 genes were significantly differentially expressed in potato under TOR inhibitors treatment. Pathway analysis revealed that these genes were significantly enriched in multiple metabolic processes. Similarly, in the present study, suppression of TOR resulted in 41 miRNAs up-regulated and 45 down-regulated, revealing that TOR plays a crucial role in the regulation of miRNA regulatory network. Furthermore, integrated mRNA and miRNA expression profiling uncovered that these miRNAs participated in large-scale metabolic process in the TOR signal pathway in potato, such as regulation of autophagy and ubiquitination, and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. Overall, the results shed new insight into TOR related post-transcriptional gene regulatory networks in potato and suggesting TOR-miRNA-targeting genes relevant networks as a potential genetic resource for potato improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexuan Deng
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huan Yin
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fangjie Xiong
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Feng
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Pan Dong
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops, Chongqing, China
| | - Maozhi Ren
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.,Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
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32
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Maniyadath B, Sandra US, Kolthur-Seetharam U. Metabolic choreography of gene expression: nutrient transactions with the epigenome. J Biosci 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-019-9987-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Marceca GP, Nigita G, Calore F, Croce CM. MicroRNAs in Skeletal Muscle and Hints on Their Potential Role in Muscle Wasting During Cancer Cachexia. Front Oncol 2020; 10:607196. [PMID: 33330108 PMCID: PMC7732629 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.607196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated cachexia is a heterogeneous, multifactorial syndrome characterized by systemic inflammation, unintentional weight loss, and profound alteration in body composition. The main feature of cancer cachexia is represented by the loss of skeletal muscle tissue, which may or may not be accompanied by significant adipose tissue wasting. Such phenotypic alteration occurs as the result of concomitant increased myofibril breakdown and reduced muscle protein synthesis, actively contributing to fatigue, worsening of quality of life, and refractoriness to chemotherapy. According to the classical view, this condition is primarily triggered by interactions between specific tumor-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines and their cognate receptors expressed on the myocyte membrane. This causes a shift in gene expression of muscle cells, eventually leading to a pronounced catabolic condition and cell death. More recent studies, however, have shown the involvement of regulatory non-coding RNAs in the outbreak of cancer cachexia. In particular, the role exerted by microRNAs is being widely addressed, and several mechanistic studies are in progress. In this review, we discuss the most recent findings concerning the role of microRNAs in triggering or exacerbating muscle wasting in cancer cachexia, while mentioning about possible roles played by long non-coding RNAs and ADAR-mediated miRNA modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gioacchino P Marceca
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giovanni Nigita
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Federica Calore
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Carlo M Croce
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
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Yuan C, Zhang K, Yue Y, Guo T, Liu J, Niu C, Sun X, Feng R, Wang X, Yang B. Analysis of dynamic and widespread lncRNA and miRNA expression in fetal sheep skeletal muscle. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9957. [PMID: 33024632 PMCID: PMC7518186 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The sheep is an economically important animal, and there is currently a major focus on improving its meat quality through breeding. There are variations in the growth regulation mechanisms of different sheep breeds, making fundamental research on skeletal muscle growth essential in understanding the regulation of (thus far) unknown genes. Skeletal muscle development is a complex biological process regulated by numerous genes and non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). In this study, we used deep sequencing data from sheep longissimus dorsi (LD) muscles sampled at day 60, 90, and 120 of gestation, as well as at day 0 and 360 following birth, to identify and examine the lncRNA and miRNA temporal expression profiles that regulate sheep skeletal myogenesis. We stained LD muscles using histological sections to analyse the area and circumference of muscle fibers from the embryonic to postnatal development stages. Our results showed that embryonic skeletal muscle growth can be characterized by time. We obtained a total of 694 different lncRNAs and compared the differential expression between the E60 vs. E90, E90 vs. E120, E120 vs. D0, and D0 vs. D360 lncRNA and gene samples. Of the total 701 known sheep miRNAs we detected, the following showed a wide range of expression during the embryonic stage: miR-2387, miR-105, miR-767, miR-432, and miR-433. We propose that the detected lncRNA expression was time-specific during the gestational and postnatal stages. GO and KEGG analyses of the genes targeted by different miRNAs and lncRNAs revealed that these significantly enriched processes and pathways were consistent with skeletal muscle development over time across all sampled stages. We found four visual lncRNA–gene regulatory networks that can be used to explore the function of lncRNAs in sheep and may be valuable in helping improve muscle growth. This study also describes the function of several lncRNAs that interact with miRNAs to regulate myogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yuan
- Sheep Breeding Engineering Technology Research Center, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yaojing Yue
- Sheep Breeding Engineering Technology Research Center, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Tingting Guo
- Sheep Breeding Engineering Technology Research Center, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jianbin Liu
- Sheep Breeding Engineering Technology Research Center, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Chune Niu
- Sheep Breeding Engineering Technology Research Center, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaoping Sun
- Sheep Breeding Engineering Technology Research Center, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Ruilin Feng
- Sheep Breeding Engineering Technology Research Center, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bohui Yang
- Sheep Breeding Engineering Technology Research Center, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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MBNL1 reverses the proliferation defect of skeletal muscle satellite cells in myotonic dystrophy type 1 by inhibiting autophagy via the mTOR pathway. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:545. [PMID: 32683410 PMCID: PMC7368861 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02756-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy is one of the clinical symptoms of myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1). A decline in skeletal muscle regeneration is an important contributor to muscle atrophy. Skeletal muscle satellite cells (SSCs) drive skeletal muscle regeneration. Increased autophagy can reduce the proliferative capacity of SSCs, which plays an important role in the early regeneration of damaged skeletal muscle in DM1. Discovering new ways to restore SSC proliferation may aid in the identification of new therapeutic targets for the treatment of skeletal muscle atrophy in DM1. In the pathogenesis of DM1, muscleblind-like 1 (MBNL1) protein is generally considered to form nuclear RNA foci and disturb the RNA-splicing function. However, the role of MBNL1 in SSC proliferation in DM1 has not been reported. In this study, we obtained SSCs differentiated from normal DM1-04-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), DM1-03 iPSCs, and DM1-13-3 iPSCs edited by transcription activator-like (TAL) effector nucleases (TALENs) targeting CTG repeats, and primary SSCs to study the pathogenesis of DM1. DM1 SSC lines and primary SSCs showed decreased MBNL1 expression and elevated autophagy levels. However, DM1 SSCs edited by TALENs showed increased cytoplasmic distribution of MBNL1, reduced levels of autophagy, increased levels of phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and improved proliferation rates. In addition, we confirmed that after MBNL1 overexpression, the proliferative capability of DM1 SSCs and the level of phosphorylated mTOR were enhanced, while the autophagy levels were decreased. Our data also demonstrated that the proliferative capability of DM1 SSCs was enhanced after autophagy was inhibited by overexpressing mTOR. Finally, treatment with rapamycin (an mTOR inhibitor) was shown to abolish the increased proliferation capability of DM1 SSCs due to MBNL1 overexpression. Taken together, these data suggest that MBNL1 reverses the proliferation defect of SSCs in DM1 by inhibiting autophagy via the mTOR pathway.
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Sato H, Funaki A, Kimura Y, Sumitomo M, Yoshida H, Okumura A, Fukata H, Hosoyama H, Kuroda M, Okawa T, Hisaka A, Ueno K. [Anti-diabetic effect of ethanol extract of Cyclolepis genistoides D. Don (Palo azul), made in Paraguay]. Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi 2020; 155:202-208. [PMID: 32612029 DOI: 10.1254/fpj.20023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Extract of Cyclolepis genistoides D. Don (vernacular name Palo azul; Palo) are traditionally consumed in the Republic of Paraguay in South America for the treatment of diabetes and kidney disease, and is sold in Japan as dietary supplement. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanism of anti-diabetes activity of Palo, especially focused on insulin resistance. Palo promoted adipocytes differentiation and regulated adipokine profiles in 3T3-L1 adipocytes by modulation of PPARγ, a major regulator of adipose differentiation. Human adipocyte showed almost similar profile with 3T3-L1 against Palo treatment. Furthermore, Palo treatment (250 or 1000 mg/kg) was performed with C57BL/6J mice for 14 weeks, being fed high-fat-diet (HFD60) simultaneously. Palo 250 mg/kg exhibited a tendency to decrease subcutaneous adipose volume along with increase of PPARγ and its target, adiponectin mRNA expression. In addition, as the other insulin targeted cell, effect on muscle differentiation was examined. Palo increased differentiation of C2C12 mouse muscle myoblasts by increase of IGF-1, myogenin, and myosine heavy chain (MHC) as well as 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation. Palo subsequently promoted myotube formation under differentiation condition. From the above, it was clarified that Palo acts variously on the differentiation and maturation of both adipocytes and muscle cells, and from the viewpoint of the regulatory mechanism for adipocytes, PPARγ-inducing action was shown to be a mechanism that acts across species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Sato
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University
| | - Asami Funaki
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University
| | - Yuki Kimura
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University
| | - Mai Sumitomo
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Toya Okawa
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University
| | - Akihiro Hisaka
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacometrics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University
| | - Koichi Ueno
- Center for Preventive Medical Science, Chiba University
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Disabled-2: a positive regulator of the early differentiation of myoblasts. Cell Tissue Res 2020; 381:493-508. [PMID: 32607799 PMCID: PMC7431403 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-020-03237-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Dab2 is an adaptor protein and a tumor suppressor. Our previous study has found that Dab2 was expressed in early differentiating skeletal muscles in mouse embryos. In this study, we determined the role of Dab2 in the skeletal muscle differentiation using C2C12 myoblasts in vitro and Xenopus laevis embryos in vivo. The expression of Dab2 was increased in C2C12 myoblasts during the formation of myotubes in vitro. Knockdown of Dab2 expression in C2C12 myoblasts resulted in a reduction of myotube formation, whereas the myotube formation was enhanced upon overexpression of Dab2. Re-expression of Dab2 in C2C12 myoblasts with downregulated expression of Dab2 restored their capacity to form myotubes. Microarray profiling and subsequent network analyses on the 155 differentially expressed genes after Dab2 knockdown showed that Mef2c was an important myogenic transcription factor regulated by Dab2 through the p38 MAPK pathway. It was also involved in other pathways that are associated with muscular development and functions. In Xenopus embryos developed in vivo, XDab2 was expressed in the myotome of somites where various myogenic markers were also expressed. Knockdown of XDab2 expression with antisense morpholinos downregulated the expression of myogenic markers in somites. In conclusion, this study is the first to provide solid evidence to show that Dab2 is a positive regulator of the early myoblast differentiation.
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Das S, Browne KD, Laimo FA, Maggiore JC, Hilman MC, Kaisaier H, Aguilar CA, Ali ZS, Mourkioti F, Cullen DK. Pre-innervated tissue-engineered muscle promotes a pro-regenerative microenvironment following volumetric muscle loss. Commun Biol 2020; 3:330. [PMID: 32587337 PMCID: PMC7316777 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-1056-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Volumetric muscle loss (VML) is the traumatic or surgical loss of skeletal muscle beyond the inherent regenerative capacity of the body, generally leading to severe functional deficit. Formation of appropriate somato-motor innervations remains one of the biggest challenges for both autologous grafts as well as tissue-engineered muscle constructs. We aim to address this challenge by developing pre-innervated tissue-engineered muscle comprised of long aligned networks of spinal motor neurons and skeletal myocytes on aligned nanofibrous scaffolds. Motor neurons led to enhanced differentiation and maturation of skeletal myocytes in vitro. These pre-innervated tissue-engineered muscle constructs when implanted in a rat VML model significantly increased satellite cell density, neuromuscular junction maintenance, graft revascularization, and muscle volume over three weeks as compared to myocyte-only constructs and nanofiber scaffolds alone. These pro-regenerative effects may enhance functional neuromuscular regeneration following VML, thereby improving the levels of functional recovery following these devastating injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suradip Das
- Center for Brain Injury & Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration & Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kevin D Browne
- Center for Brain Injury & Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration & Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Franco A Laimo
- Center for Brain Injury & Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration & Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joseph C Maggiore
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration & Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Melanie C Hilman
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration & Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Halimulati Kaisaier
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration & Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Carlos A Aguilar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Zarina S Ali
- Center for Brain Injury & Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Foteini Mourkioti
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Musculoskeletal Program, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - D Kacy Cullen
- Center for Brain Injury & Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration & Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Abstract
Muscle fibers are generally formed as multinucleated fibers that are differentiated from myoblasts. Several reports have identified transcription factors and proteins involved in the process of muscle differentiation, but the roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in myogenesis remain unclear. Here, comparative analysis of the miRNA expression profiles in mouse myoblasts and gastrocnemius (GA) muscle uncovered miR-3074-3p as a novel miRNA showing markedly reduced expression in fully differentiated adult skeletal muscle. Interestingly, elevating miR-3074-3p promoted myogenesis in C2C12 cells, primary myoblasts, and HSMMs, resulting in increased mRNA expression of myogenic makers such as Myog and MyHC. Using a target prediction program, we identified Caveolin-1 (Cav1) as a target mRNA of miR-3074-3p and verified that miR-3074-3p directly interacts with the 3’ untranslated region (UTR) of Cav1 mRNA. Consistent with the findings in miR-3074-3p-overexpressing myoblasts, knockdown of Cav1 promoted myogenesis in C2C12 cells and HSMMs. Taken together, our results suggest that miR-3074-3p acts a positive regulator of myogenic differentiation by targeting Cav1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bora Lee
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Department of Biomolecular Science, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Korea
| | - Yeo Jin Shin
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Seung-Min Lee
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Young Hoon Son
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Yong Ryoul Yang
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Kwang-Pyo Lee
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Department of Biomolecular Science, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Korea
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Zingiber Officinale Roscoe Prevents Cellular Senescence of Myoblasts in Culture and Promotes Muscle Regeneration. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:1787342. [PMID: 32419792 PMCID: PMC7210549 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1787342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Ageing resulted in a progressive loss of muscle mass and strength. Increased oxidative stress in ageing affects the capacity of the myoblast to differentiate leading to impairment of muscle regeneration. Zingiber officinale Roscoe (ginger) has potential benefits in reversing muscle ageing due to its antioxidant property. This study aimed to determine the effect of ginger in the prevention of cellular senescence and promotion of muscle regeneration. Methods Myoblast cells were cultured into young and senescent state before treated with different concentrations of ginger standardised extracts containing different concentrations of 6-gingerol and 6-shogaol. Analysis on cellular morphology and myogenic purity was carried out besides determination of SA-β-galactosidase expression and cell cycle profile. Myoblast differentiation was quantitated by determining the fusion index, maturation index, and myotube size. Results Treatment with ginger extracts resulted in improvement of cellular morphology of senescent myoblasts which resembled the morphology of young myoblasts. Our results also showed that ginger treatment caused a significant reduction in SA-β-galactosidase expression on senescent myoblasts indicating prevention of cellular senescence, while cell cycle analysis showed a significant increase in the percentage of cells in the G0/G1 phase and reduction in the S-phase cells. Increased myoblast regenerative capacity was observed as shown by the increased number of nuclei per myotube, fusion index, and maturation index. Conclusions Ginger extracts exerted their potency in promoting muscle regeneration as indicated by prevention of cellular senescence and promotion of myoblast regenerative capacity.
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Connolly M, Garfield BE, Crosby A, Morrell NW, Wort SJ, Kemp PR. miR-1-5p targets TGF-βR1 and is suppressed in the hypertrophying hearts of rats with pulmonary arterial hypertension. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229409. [PMID: 32109943 PMCID: PMC7048278 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The microRNA miR-1 is an important regulator of muscle phenotype including cardiac muscle. Down-regulation of miR-1 has been shown to occur in left ventricular hypertrophy but its contribution to right ventricular hypertrophy in pulmonary arterial hypertension are not known. Previous studies have suggested that miR-1 may suppress transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signalling, an important pro-hypertrophic pathway but only indirect mechanisms of regulation have been identified. We identified the TGF-β type 1 receptor (TGF-βR1) as a putative miR-1 target. We therefore hypothesized that miR-1 and TGF-βR1 expression would be inversely correlated in hypertrophying right ventricle of rats with pulmonary arterial hypertension and that miR-1 would inhibit TGF-β signalling by targeting TGF-βR1 expression. Quantification of miR-1 and TGF-βR1 in rats treated with monocrotaline to induce pulmonary arterial hypertension showed appropriate changes in miR-1 and TGF-βR1 expression in the hypertrophying right ventricle. A miR-1-mimic reduced enhanced green fluorescent protein expression from a reporter vector containing the TGF-βR1 3’- untranslated region and knocked down endogenous TGF-βR1. Lastly, miR-1 reduced TGF-β activation of a (mothers against decapentaplegic homolog) SMAD2/3-dependent reporter. Taken together, these data suggest that miR-1 targets TGF-βR1 and reduces TGF-β signalling, so a reduction in miR-1 expression may increase TGF-β signalling and contribute to cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Connolly
- Molecular Medicine, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin E. Garfield
- Molecular Medicine, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- National Pulmonary Hypertension Centre at the Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust and National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alexi Crosby
- Department of Medicine, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Nick W. Morrell
- Department of Medicine, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen J. Wort
- National Pulmonary Hypertension Centre at the Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust and National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paul R. Kemp
- Molecular Medicine, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Mechanisms regulating myoblast fusion: A multilevel interplay. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2020; 104:81-92. [PMID: 32063453 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Myoblast fusion into myotubes is one of the crucial steps of skeletal muscle development (myogenesis). The fusion is preceded by specification of a myogenic lineage (mesodermal progenitors) differentiating into myoblasts and is followed by myofiber-type specification and neuromuscular junction formation. Similarly to other processes of myogenesis, the fusion requires a very precise spatial and temporal regulation occuring both during embryonic development as well as regeneration and repair of the muscle. A plethora of genes and their products is involved in regulation of myoblast fusion and a precise multilevel interplay between them is crucial for myogenic cells to fuse. In this review, we describe both cellular events taking place during myoblast fusion (migration, adhesion, elongation, cell-cell recognition, alignment, and fusion of myoblast membranes enabling formation of myotubes) as well as recent findings on mechanisms regulating this process. Also, we present muscle disorders in humans that have been associated with defects in genes involved in regulation of myoblast fusion.
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Antunes-Correa LM, Trevizan PF, Bacurau AVN, Ferreira-Santos L, Gomes JLP, Urias U, Oliveira PA, Alves MJNN, de Almeida DR, Brum PC, Oliveira EM, Hajjar L, Kalil Filho R, Negrão CE. Effects of aerobic and inspiratory training on skeletal muscle microRNA-1 and downstream-associated pathways in patients with heart failure. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2020; 11:89-102. [PMID: 31743617 PMCID: PMC7015255 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The exercise intolerance in chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is mostly attributed to alterations in skeletal muscle. However, the mechanisms underlying the skeletal myopathy in patients with HFrEF are not completely understood. We hypothesized that (i) aerobic exercise training (AET) and inspiratory muscle training (IMT) would change skeletal muscle microRNA-1 expression and downstream-associated pathways in patients with HFrEF and (ii) AET and IMT would increase leg blood flow (LBF), functional capacity, and quality of life in these patients. METHODS Patients age 35 to 70 years, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤40%, New York Heart Association functional classes II-III, were randomized into control, IMT, and AET groups. Skeletal muscle changes were examined by vastus lateralis biopsy. LBF was measured by venous occlusion plethysmography, functional capacity by cardiopulmonary exercise test, and quality of life by Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire. All patients were evaluated at baseline and after 4 months. RESULTS Thirty-three patients finished the study protocol: control (n = 10; LVEF = 25 ± 1%; six males), IMT (n = 11; LVEF = 31 ± 2%; three males), and AET (n = 12; LVEF = 26 ± 2%; seven males). AET, but not IMT, increased the expression of microRNA-1 (P = 0.02; percent changes = 53 ± 17%), decreased the expression of PTEN (P = 0.003; percent changes = -15 ± 0.03%), and tended to increase the p-AKTser473 /AKT ratio (P = 0.06). In addition, AET decreased HDAC4 expression (P = 0.03; percent changes = -40 ± 19%) and upregulated follistatin (P = 0.01; percent changes = 174 ± 58%), MEF2C (P = 0.05; percent changes = 34 ± 15%), and MyoD expression (P = 0.05; percent changes = 47 ± 18%). AET also increased muscle cross-sectional area (P = 0.01). AET and IMT increased LBF, functional capacity, and quality of life. Further analyses showed a significant correlation between percent changes in microRNA-1 and percent changes in follistatin mRNA (P = 0.001, rho = 0.58) and between percent changes in follistatin mRNA and percent changes in peak VO2 (P = 0.004, rho = 0.51). CONCLUSIONS AET upregulates microRNA-1 levels and decreases the protein expression of PTEN, which reduces the inhibitory action on the PI3K-AKT pathway that regulates the skeletal muscle tropism. The increased levels of microRNA-1 also decreased HDAC4 and increased MEF2c, MyoD, and follistatin expression, improving skeletal muscle regeneration. These changes associated with the increase in muscle cross-sectional area and LBF contribute to the attenuation in skeletal myopathy, and the improvement in functional capacity and quality of life in patients with HFrEF. IMT caused no changes in microRNA-1 and in the downstream-associated pathway. The increased functional capacity provoked by IMT seems to be associated with amelioration in the respiratory function instead of changes in skeletal muscle. ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT01747395).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligia M Antunes-Correa
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil.,School of Physical Education, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Patricia F Trevizan
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aline V N Bacurau
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - João L P Gomes
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ursula Urias
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patricia A Oliveira
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Dirceu R de Almeida
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patricia C Brum
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edilamar M Oliveira
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ludhmila Hajjar
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roberto Kalil Filho
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Negrão
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil.,School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Mármol-Sánchez E, Ramayo-Caldas Y, Quintanilla R, Cardoso TF, González-Prendes R, Tibau J, Amills M. Co-expression network analysis predicts a key role of microRNAs in the adaptation of the porcine skeletal muscle to nutrient supply. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2020; 11:10. [PMID: 31969983 PMCID: PMC6966835 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-019-0412-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of non-coding RNAs in the porcine muscle metabolism is poorly understood, with few studies investigating their expression patterns in response to nutrient supply. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the changes in microRNAs (miRNAs), long intergenic non-coding RNAs (lincRNAs) and mRNAs muscle expression before and after food intake. RESULTS We measured the miRNA, lincRNA and mRNA expression levels in the gluteus medius muscle of 12 gilts in a fasting condition (AL-T0) and 24 gilts fed ad libitum during either 5 h. (AL-T1, N = 12) or 7 h. (AL-T2, N = 12) prior to slaughter. The small RNA fraction was extracted from muscle samples retrieved from the 36 gilts and sequenced, whereas lincRNA and mRNA expression data were already available. In terms of mean and variance, the expression profiles of miRNAs and lincRNAs in the porcine muscle were quite different than those of mRNAs. Food intake induced the differential expression of 149 (AL-T0/AL-T1) and 435 (AL-T0/AL-T2) mRNAs, 6 (AL-T0/AL-T1) and 28 (AL-T0/AL-T2) miRNAs and none lincRNAs, while the number of differentially dispersed genes was much lower. Among the set of differentially expressed miRNAs, we identified ssc-miR-148a-3p, ssc-miR-22-3p and ssc-miR-1, which play key roles in the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. Besides, co-expression network analyses revealed several miRNAs that putatively interact with mRNAs playing key metabolic roles and that also showed differential expression before and after feeding. One case example was represented by seven miRNAs (ssc-miR-148a-3p, ssc-miR-151-3p, ssc-miR-30a-3p, ssc-miR-30e-3p, ssc-miR-421-5p, ssc-miR-493-5p and ssc-miR-503) which putatively interact with the PDK4 mRNA, one of the master regulators of glucose utilization and fatty acid oxidation. CONCLUSIONS As a whole, our results evidence that microRNAs are likely to play an important role in the porcine skeletal muscle metabolic adaptation to nutrient availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Mármol-Sánchez
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Yuliaxis Ramayo-Caldas
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Program, Institute for Research and Technology in Food and Agriculture (IRTA), Torre Marimon, 08140 Caldes de Montbui, Spain
| | - Raquel Quintanilla
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Program, Institute for Research and Technology in Food and Agriculture (IRTA), Torre Marimon, 08140 Caldes de Montbui, Spain
| | - Tainã Figueiredo Cardoso
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Present address: Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA), São Carlos, SP 13560-970 Brazil
| | - Rayner González-Prendes
- Department of Animal Science, Universitat de Lleida - Agrotecnio Center, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Joan Tibau
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Program, Institute for Research and Technology in Food and Agriculture (IRTA), Torre Marimon, 08140 Caldes de Montbui, Spain
| | - Marcel Amills
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
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45
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Maniyadath B, Sandra US, Kolthur-Seetharam U. Metabolic choreography of gene expression: nutrient transactions with the epigenome. J Biosci 2020; 45:7. [PMID: 31965985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Eukaryotic complexity and thus their ability to respond to diverse cues are largely driven by varying expression of gene products, qualitatively and quantitatively. Protein adducts in the form of post-translational modifications, most of which are derived from metabolic intermediates, allow fine tuning of gene expression at multiple levels. With the advent of high-throughput and high-resolution mapping technologies there has been an explosion in terms of the kind of modifications on chromatin and other factors that govern gene expression. Moreover, even the classical notion of acetylation and methylation dependent regulation of transcription is now known to be intrinsically coupled to biochemical pathways, which were otherwise regarded as 'mundane'. Here we have not only reviewed some of the recent literature but also have highlighted the dependence of gene regulatory mechanisms on metabolic inputs, both direct and indirect. We have also tried to bring forth some of the open questions, and how our understanding of gene expression has changed dramatically over the last few years, which has largely become metabolism centric. Finally, metabolic regulation of epigenome and gene expression has gained much traction due to the increased incidence of lifestyle and age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babukrishna Maniyadath
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
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46
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Mechanism and Functions of Identified miRNAs in Poultry Skeletal Muscle Development – A Review. ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.2478/aoas-2019-0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Development of the skeletal muscle goes through several complex processes regulated by numerous genetic factors. Although much efforts have been made to understand the mechanisms involved in increased muscle yield, little work is done about the miRNAs and candidate genes that are involved in the skeletal muscle development in poultry. Comprehensive research of candidate genes and single nucleotide related to poultry muscle growth is yet to be experimentally unraveled. However, over a few periods, studies in miRNA have disclosed that they actively participate in muscle formation, differentiation, and determination in poultry. Specifically, miR-1, miR-133, and miR-206 influence tissue development, and they are highly expressed in the skeletal muscles. Candidate genes such as CEBPB, MUSTN1, MSTN, IGF1, FOXO3, mTOR, and NFKB1, have also been identified to express in the poultry skeletal muscles development. However, further researches, analysis, and comprehensive studies should be made on the various miRNAs and gene regulatory factors that influence the skeletal muscle development in poultry. The objective of this review is to summarize recent knowledge in miRNAs and their mode of action as well as transcription and candidate genes identified to regulate poultry skeletal muscle development.
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47
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Wei X, Luo L, Chen J. Roles of mTOR Signaling in Tissue Regeneration. Cells 2019; 8:cells8091075. [PMID: 31547370 PMCID: PMC6769890 DOI: 10.3390/cells8091075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), is a serine/threonine protein kinase and belongs to the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-related kinase (PIKK) family. mTOR interacts with other subunits to form two distinct complexes, mTORC1 and mTORC2. mTORC1 coordinates cell growth and metabolism in response to environmental input, including growth factors, amino acid, energy and stress. mTORC2 mainly controls cell survival and migration through phosphorylating glucocorticoid-regulated kinase (SGK), protein kinase B (Akt), and protein kinase C (PKC) kinase families. The dysregulation of mTOR is involved in human diseases including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and epilepsy. Tissue damage caused by trauma, diseases or aging disrupt the tissue functions. Tissue regeneration after injuries is of significance for recovering the tissue homeostasis and functions. Mammals have very limited regenerative capacity in multiple tissues and organs, such as the heart and central nervous system (CNS). Thereby, understanding the mechanisms underlying tissue regeneration is crucial for tissue repair and regenerative medicine. mTOR is activated in multiple tissue injuries. In this review, we summarize the roles of mTOR signaling in tissue regeneration such as neurons, muscles, the liver and the intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyong Wei
- Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Lingfei Luo
- Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Jinzi Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
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Inhibition of activin-like kinase 4/5 attenuates cancer cachexia associated muscle wasting. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9826. [PMID: 31285507 PMCID: PMC6614551 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46178-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer mediated activation of the ActRIIB-ALK4/5 heterodimer by myostatin is strongly associated with muscle wasting. We investigated in vitro and in vivo the efficacy of ALK4/5 receptor blockers SB431542 and GW788388 in preventing muscle wasting, and explored synergy with IGF-I analogue LONG R3 (LR3) IGF-I. In vitro, C2C12 skeletal muscle cells were treated with vehicle, SB431542, GW788388 and LR3 IGF-I. A C26-CD2F1 cachexia model was used to induce cachexia in vivo. Mice were allocated as non-tumour bearing (NTB) or C26 tumour-bearing (C26 TB) vehicle control, treated with SB431542, LR3 IGF-I, SB431542 and LR3 IGF-I, or GW788388 (intraperitoneally or orally). In vitro, differentiation index and mean nuclei count increased using SB431542, GW788388, LR3 IGF-I. In vivo, GW788388 was superior to SB431542 in limiting loss of bodyweight, grip-strength and gastrocnemius weight. and downregulated Atrogin-1 expression comparable to NTB mice. LR3 IGF-I treatment limited loss of muscle mass, but at the expense of accelerated tumour growth. In conclusion, treatment with GW788388 prevented cancer cachexia, and downregulated associated ubiquitin ligase Atrogin-1.
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Xu M, Chen X, Chen D, Yu B, Li M, He J, Huang Z. Regulation of skeletal myogenesis by microRNAs. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:87-104. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease‐Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Xiaoling Chen
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease‐Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Daiwen Chen
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease‐Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Bing Yu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease‐Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Mingzhou Li
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Jun He
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease‐Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu Sichuan China
| | - Zhiqing Huang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease‐Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition Sichuan Agricultural University Chengdu Sichuan China
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Chlorella vulgaris Improves the Regenerative Capacity of Young and Senescent Myoblasts and Promotes Muscle Regeneration. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:3520789. [PMID: 31281573 PMCID: PMC6589273 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3520789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Sarcopenia is characterized by the loss of muscle mass, strength, and function with ageing. With increasing life expectancy, greater attention has been given to counteracting the effects of sarcopenia on the growing elderly population. Chlorella vulgaris, a microscopic, unicellular, green alga with the potential for various pharmaceutical uses, has been widely studied in this context. This study is aimed at determining the effects of C. vulgaris on promoting muscle regeneration by evaluating myoblast regenerative capacity in vitro. Human skeletal myoblast cells were cultured and underwent serial passaging into young and senescent phases and were then treated with C. vulgaris, followed by the induction of differentiation. The ability of C. vulgaris to promote myoblast differentiation was analysed through cellular morphology, real-time monitoring, cell proliferation, senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) expression, myogenic differentiation, myogenin expression, and cell cycle profiling. The results obtained showed that senescent myoblasts exhibited an enlarged and flattened morphology, with increased SA-β-gal expression, reduced myogenic differentiation, decreased expression of myogenin, and an increased percentage of cells in the G 0/G 1 phase. Treatment with C. vulgaris resulted in decreased SA-β-gal expression and promotion of myogenic differentiation, as observed via an increased fusion index, maturation index, myotube size, and surface area and an increased percentage of cells that stained positive for myogenin. In conclusion, C. vulgaris improves the regenerative capacity of young and senescent myoblasts and promotes myoblast differentiation, indicating its potential to promote muscle regeneration.
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