1
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Katikaneni D, Morel L, Scindia Y. Animal models of lupus nephritis: the past, present and a future outlook. Autoimmunity 2024; 57:2319203. [PMID: 38477884 PMCID: PMC10981450 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2024.2319203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Lupus nephritis (LN) is the most severe end-organ pathology in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). Research has enhanced our understanding of immune effectors and inflammatory pathways in LN. However, even with the best available therapy, the rate of complete remission for proliferative LN remains below 50%. A deeper understanding of the resistance or susceptibility of renal cells to injury during the progression of SLE is critical for identifying new targets and developing effective long-term therapies. The complex and heterogeneous nature of LN, combined with the limitations of clinical research, make it challenging to investigate the aetiology of this disease directly in patients. Hence, multiple murine models resembling SLE-driven nephritis are utilised to dissect LN's cellular and genetic mechanisms, identify therapeutic targets, and screen novel compounds. This review discusses commonly used spontaneous and inducible mouse models that have provided insights into pathogenic mechanisms and long-term maintenance therapies in LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Katikaneni
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Laurence Morel
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, UT Health, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Yogesh Scindia
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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2
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Tatomir A, Vlaicu S, Nguyen V, Luzina IG, Atamas SP, Drachenberg C, Papadimitriou J, Badea TC, Rus HG, Rus V. RGC-32 mediates proinflammatory and profibrotic pathways in immune-mediated kidney disease. Clin Immunol 2024; 265:110279. [PMID: 38878807 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2024.110279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune disease that results in immune-mediated damage to kidneys and other organs. We investigated the role of response gene to complement-32 (RGC-32), a proinflammatory and profibrotic mediator induced by TGFβ and C5b-9, in nephrotoxic nephritis (NTN), an experimental model that mimics human lupus nephritis. Proteinuria, loss of renal function and kidney histopathology were attenuated in RGC-32 KO NTN mice. RGC-32 KO NTN mice displayed downregulation of the CCL20/CCR6 and CXCL9/CXCR3 ligand/receptor pairs resulting in decreased renal recruitment of IL-17+ and IFNγ+ cells and subsequent decrease in the influx of innate immune cells. RGC-32 deficiency attenuated renal fibrosis as demonstrated by decreased deposition of collagen I, III and fibronectin. Thus, RGC-32 is a unique mediator shared by the Th17 and Th1 dependent proinflammatory and profibrotic pathways and a potential novel therapeutic target in the treatment of immune complex mediated glomerulonephritis such as lupus nephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandru Tatomir
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Neurology Service, Veterans Administration Medical Health Care Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sonia Vlaicu
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Clinic nr. 1, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Vinh Nguyen
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Irina G Luzina
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sergei P Atamas
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Tudor C Badea
- Research and Development Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Transylvania University of Brasov, Brasov, Romania
| | - Horea G Rus
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Neurology Service, Veterans Administration Medical Health Care Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Violeta Rus
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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3
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Shen J, Li F, Han X, Fu D, Xu Y, Zhu C, Liang Z, Tang Z, Zheng R, Hu X, Lin R, Pei Q, Nie J, Luo N, Li X, Chen W, Mao H, Zhou Y, Yu X. Gasdermin D deficiency aborts myeloid calcium influx to drive granulopoiesis in lupus nephritis. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:308. [PMID: 38831451 PMCID: PMC11149269 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01681-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Gasdermin D (GSDMD) is emerging as an important player in autoimmune diseases, but its exact role in lupus nephritis (LN) remains controversial. Here, we identified markedly elevated GSDMD in human and mouse LN kidneys, predominantly in CD11b+ myeloid cells. Global or myeloid-conditional deletion of GSDMD was shown to exacerbate systemic autoimmunity and renal injury in lupus mice with both chronic graft-versus-host (cGVH) disease and nephrotoxic serum (NTS) nephritis. Interestingly, RNA sequencing and flow cytometry revealed that myeloid GSDMD deficiency enhanced granulopoiesis at the hematopoietic sites in LN mice, exhibiting remarkable enrichment of neutrophil-related genes, significant increases in total and immature neutrophils as well as granulocyte/macrophage progenitors (GMPs). GSDMD-deficient GMPs and all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA)-stimulated human promyelocytes NB4 were further demonstrated to possess enhanced clonogenic and differentiation abilities compared with controls. Mechanistically, GSDMD knockdown promoted self-renewal and granulocyte differentiation by restricting calcium influx, contributing to granulopoiesis. Functionally, GSDMD deficiency led to increased pathogenic neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in lupus peripheral blood and bone marrow-derived neutrophils. Taken together, our data establish that GSDMD deletion accelerates LN development by promoting granulopoiesis in a calcium influx-regulated manner, unraveling its unrecognized critical role in LN pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiani Shen
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu Han
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongying Fu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiping Xu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Changjian Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhou Liang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziwen Tang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruilin Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinrong Hu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruoni Lin
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiaoqiao Pei
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Nie
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ning Luo
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiping Mao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xueqing Yu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat-sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Guangzhou, China.
- Department of Nephrology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory on Immunological and Genetic Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
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4
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Möckel T, Boegel S, Schwarting A. Transcriptome Analysis of BAFF/BAFF-R System in Murine Nephrotoxic Serum Nephritis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5415. [PMID: 38791453 PMCID: PMC11121395 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an emerging cause for morbidity and mortality worldwide. Acute kidney injury (AKI) can transition to CKD and finally to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Targeted treatment is still unavailable. NF-κB signaling is associated with CKD and activated by B cell activating factor (BAFF) via BAFF-R binding. In turn, renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs) are critical for the progression of fibrosis and producing BAFF. Therefore, the direct involvement of the BAFF/BAFF-R system to the pathogenesis of CKD is conceivable. We performed non-accelerated nephrotoxic serum nephritis (NTN) as the CKD model in BAFF KO (B6.129S2-Tnfsf13btm1Msc/J), BAFF-R KO (B6(Cg)-Tnfrsf13ctm1Mass/J) and wildtype (C57BL/6J) mice to analyze the BAFF/BAFF-R system in anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) disease using high throughput RNA sequencing. We found that BAFF signaling is directly involved in the upregulation of collagen III as BAFF ko mice showed a reduced expression. However, these effects were not mediated via BAFF-R. We identified several upregulated genes that could explain the effects of BAFF in chronic kidney injury such as Txnip, Gpx3, Igfbp7, Ccn2, Kap, Umod and Ren1. Thus, we conclude that targeted treatment with anti-BAFF drugs such as belimumab may reduce chronic kidney damage. Furthermore, upregulated genes may be useful prognostic CKD biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Möckel
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (T.M.); (S.B.)
| | - Sebastian Boegel
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (T.M.); (S.B.)
| | - Andreas Schwarting
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (T.M.); (S.B.)
- Center for Rheumatic Disease Rhineland-Palatinate GmbH, 55543 Bad Kreuznach, Germany
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5
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Játiva S, Torrico S, Calle P, Poch E, Muñoz A, García M, Larque AB, Salido MTT, Hotter G. The phagocytosis dysfunction in lupus nephritis is related to monocyte/macrophage CPT1a. Immunol Lett 2024; 266:106841. [PMID: 38331259 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2024.106841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Macrophages must remove apoptotic cells to shield tissues from the deleterious components of dying cells. The development of chronic inflammation and autoimmune symptoms in systemic lupus is influenced by a deficiency in phagocytosis of apoptotic cells but the underlying mechanism is still unknown. Modifications in monocyte/macrophage phenotype brought on by an increase in their inflammatory phenotype would cause them to decrease the expression of CPT1a, which would reduce their ability to phagocytose, aggravating kidney damage in lupus nephritis. We aim to demonstrate that the deficiency of CPT1A in the immunological system determines lupus. For this purpose, we will monitor CPT1a expression in blood monocytes and phagocytosis and CPT1a expression of macrophages isolated from kidneys and the inflammatory state in kidneys in two experimental models of lupus nephritis such as lupus induced pristane model and in the OVA-IC in vivo model. Additionally, we will test if reestablishing CPT1a expression in tissue macrophages restores the lost phagocytic function. We evidenced that blood monocytes and macrophages isolated from kidneys in the two in vivo models have a reduced expression of CPT1a and a reduced phagocytosis. Phagocytosis could be restored only if macrophage administration leads to an increase in CPT1a expression in kidney macrophages. A new cell therapy to reduce kidney nephritis in lupus could be developed based on these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soraya Játiva
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Institut d' Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer [IIBB-CSIC-IDIBAPS], 08036, Barcelona, Spain; M2rlab-XCELL, 28010, Madrid, Spain
| | - Selene Torrico
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Institut d' Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer [IIBB-CSIC-IDIBAPS], 08036, Barcelona, Spain; M2rlab-XCELL, 28010, Madrid, Spain
| | - Priscila Calle
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Institut d' Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer [IIBB-CSIC-IDIBAPS], 08036, Barcelona, Spain; M2rlab-XCELL, 28010, Madrid, Spain
| | - Esteban Poch
- Nefrologia i Trasplantament Renal, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, Universidad de Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angeles Muñoz
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Institut d' Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer [IIBB-CSIC-IDIBAPS], 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miriam García
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Institut d' Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer [IIBB-CSIC-IDIBAPS], 08036, Barcelona, Spain; M2rlab-XCELL, 28010, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Belén Larque
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, CDB, Hospital Clínic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Teresa Torres Salido
- Research coordinator of the cross-sectional of Internal Medicine Department, Quironsalud del Valles Hospital, Passeig de Rubió i Ors, 23, 08203, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain; Fundacio Catalana del lupus, 08029, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Georgina Hotter
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Barcelona-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Institut d' Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer [IIBB-CSIC-IDIBAPS], 08036, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER-BBN, Networking Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain.
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6
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Sneed SL, Reese BB, Laureano AF, Ratnapriya S, Fraschilla I, Jeffrey KL, Coffey GP, Conley PB, Anthony RM. An engineered immunomodulatory IgG1 Fc suppresses autoimmune inflammation through pathways shared with i.v. immunoglobulin. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e172980. [PMID: 38357917 PMCID: PMC10866649 DOI: 10.1172/jci172980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies in the form of high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) exert immunomodulatory activity and are used in this capacity to treat inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Reductionist approaches have revealed that terminal sialylation of the single asparagine-linked (N-linked) glycan at position 297 of the IgG1 Fc bestows antiinflammatory activity, which can be recapitulated by introduction of an F241A point mutation in the IgG1 Fc (FcF241A). Here, we examined the antiinflammatory activity of CHO-K1 cell-produced FcF241A in vivo in models of autoimmune inflammation and found it to be independent of sialylation. Intriguingly, sialylation markedly improved the half-life and bioavailability of FcF241A via impaired interaction with the asialoglycoprotein receptor ASGPR. Further, FcF241A suppressed inflammation through the same molecular pathways as IVIG and sialylated IgG1 Fc and required the C-type lectin SIGN-R1 in vivo. This contrasted with FcAbdeg (efgartigimod), an engineered IgG1 Fc with enhanced neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) binding, which reduced total serum IgG concentrations, independent of SIGN-R1. When coadministered, FcF241A and FcAbdeg exhibited combinatorial antiinflammatory activity. Together, these results demonstrated that the antiinflammatory activity of FcF241A requires SIGN-R1, similarly to that of high-dose IVIG and sialylated IgG1, and can be used in combination with other antiinflammatory therapeutics that rely on divergent pathways, including FcAbdeg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunny L. Sneed
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and
| | - Brian B. Reese
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and
| | - Ana F.S. Laureano
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and
| | - Sneha Ratnapriya
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and
| | - Isabella Fraschilla
- Center for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kate L. Jeffrey
- Center for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | | | - Robert M. Anthony
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and
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7
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Li F, Liang Z, Zhong H, Hu X, Tang Z, Zhu C, Shen J, Han X, Lin R, Zheng R, Tang R, Peng H, Zheng X, Mo C, Chen P, Wang X, Wen Q, Li J, Xia X, Ye H, Qiu Y, Yu J, Fu D, Liu J, Wang R, Xie H, Guo Y, Li X, Fan J, Liu Q, Mao H, Chen W, Zhou Y. Group 3 Innate Lymphoid Cells Exacerbate Lupus Nephritis by Promoting B Cell Activation in Kidney Ectopic Lymphoid Structures. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2302804. [PMID: 37915129 PMCID: PMC10724443 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202302804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) represent a new population in immune regulation, yet their role in lupus nephritis (LN) remains elusive. In the present work, systemic increases in ILC3s, particularly in the kidney, are observed to correlate strongly with disease severity in both human and murine LN. Using MRL/lpr lupus mice and a nephrotoxic serum-induced LN model, this study demonstrates that ILC3s accumulated in the kidney migrate predominantly from the intestine. Furthermore, intestinal ILC3s accelerate LN progression, manifested by exacerbated autoimmunity and kidney injuries. In LN kidneys, ILC3s are located adjacent to B cells within ectopic lymphoid structures (ELS), directly activating B cell differentiation into plasma cells and antibody production in a Delta-like1 (DLL1)/Notch-dependent manner. Blocking DLL1 attenuates ILC3s' effects and protects against LN. Altogether, these findings reveal a novel pathogenic role of ILC3s in B cell activation, renal ELS formation and autoimmune injuries during LN, shedding light on the therapeutic value of targeting ILC3s for LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat‐Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangzhou510080China
| | - Zhou Liang
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat‐Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangzhou510080China
| | - Haojie Zhong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat‐Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangzhou510080China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen518000China
| | - Xinrong Hu
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat‐Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangzhou510080China
| | - Ziwen Tang
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat‐Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangzhou510080China
| | - Changjian Zhu
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat‐Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangzhou510080China
| | - Jiani Shen
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat‐Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangzhou510080China
| | - Xu Han
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat‐Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangzhou510080China
| | - Ruoni Lin
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat‐Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangzhou510080China
| | - Ruilin Zheng
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat‐Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangzhou510080China
| | - Ruihan Tang
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat‐Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangzhou510080China
| | - Huajing Peng
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat‐Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangzhou510080China
| | - Xunhua Zheng
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat‐Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangzhou510080China
| | - Chengqiang Mo
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Peisong Chen
- Department of Laboratory MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat‐Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangzhou510080China
| | - Qiong Wen
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat‐Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangzhou510080China
| | - Jianbo Li
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat‐Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangzhou510080China
| | - Xi Xia
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat‐Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangzhou510080China
| | - Hongjian Ye
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat‐Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangzhou510080China
| | - Yagui Qiu
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat‐Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangzhou510080China
| | - Jianwen Yu
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat‐Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangzhou510080China
| | - Dongying Fu
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat‐Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangzhou510080China
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat‐Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangzhou510080China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat‐Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangzhou510080China
| | - Huixin Xie
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat‐Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangzhou510080China
| | - Yun Guo
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat‐Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangzhou510080China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat‐Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangzhou510080China
| | - Jinjin Fan
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat‐Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangzhou510080China
| | - Qinghua Liu
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat‐Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangzhou510080China
| | - Haiping Mao
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat‐Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangzhou510080China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat‐Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangzhou510080China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of NephrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Nephrology (Sun Yat‐Sen University) and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of NephrologyGuangzhou510080China
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8
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Tatsumoto N, Saito S, Rifkin IR, Bonegio RG, Leal DN, Sen GC, Arditi M, Yamashita M. EGF-Receptor-Dependent TLR7 Signaling in Macrophages Promotes Glomerular Injury in Crescentic Glomerulonephritis. J Transl Med 2023; 103:100190. [PMID: 37268107 PMCID: PMC10527264 DOI: 10.1016/j.labinv.2023.100190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Glomerulonephritis (GN) is a group of inflammatory diseases and an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The initiation of the inflammatory process is quite different for each type of GN; however, each GN is characterized commonly and variably by acute inflammation with neutrophils and macrophages and crescent formation, leading to glomerular death. Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7 is a sensor for self-RNA and implicated in the pathogenesis of human and murine GN. Here, we show that TLR7 exacerbates glomerular injury in nephrotoxic serum nephritis (NTN), a murine model of severe crescentic GN. TLR7-/- mice were resistant to NTN, although TLR7-/- mice manifested comparable immune-complex deposition to wild-type mice without significant defects in humoral immunity, suggesting that endogenous TLR7 ligands accelerate glomerular injury. TLR7 was expressed exclusively in macrophages in glomeruli in GN but not in glomerular resident cells or neutrophils. Furthermore, we discovered that epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a receptor-type tyrosine kinase, is essential for TLR7 signaling in macrophages. Mechanistically, EGFR physically interacted with TLR7 upon TLR7 stimulation, and EGFR inhibitor completely blocked the phosphorylation of TLR7 tyrosine residue(s). EGFR inhibitor attenuated glomerular damage in wild-type mice, and no additional glomerular protective effects by EGFR inhibitor were observed in TLR7-/- mice. Finally, mice lacking EGFR in macrophages were resistant to NTN. This study clearly demonstrated that EGFR-dependent TLR7 signaling in macrophages is essential for glomerular injury in crescentic GN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narihito Tatsumoto
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Suguru Saito
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Ian R Rifkin
- Renal Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; Renal Section, Department of Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ramon G Bonegio
- Renal Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts; Renal Section, Department of Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Daniel N Leal
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Ganes C Sen
- Department of Inflammation & Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Moshe Arditi
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California; Infectious and Immunologic Diseases Research Center, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Michifumi Yamashita
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.
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9
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Huang SUS, Kulatunge O, O'Sullivan KM. Deciphering the Genetic Code of Autoimmune Kidney Diseases. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14051028. [PMID: 37239388 DOI: 10.3390/genes14051028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune kidney diseases occur due to the loss of tolerance to self-antigens, resulting in inflammation and pathological damage to the kidneys. This review focuses on the known genetic associations of the major autoimmune kidney diseases that result in the development of glomerulonephritis: lupus nephritis (LN), anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic associated vasculitis (AAV), anti-glomerular basement disease (also known as Goodpasture's disease), IgA nephropathy (IgAN), and membranous nephritis (MN). Genetic associations with an increased risk of disease are not only associated with polymorphisms in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) II region, which governs underlying processes in the development of autoimmunity, but are also associated with genes regulating inflammation, such as NFkB, IRF4, and FC γ receptors (FCGR). Critical genome-wide association studies are discussed both to reveal similarities in gene polymorphisms between autoimmune kidney diseases and to explicate differential risks in different ethnicities. Lastly, we review the role of neutrophil extracellular traps, critical inducers of inflammation in LN, AAV, and anti-GBM disease, where inefficient clearance due to polymorphisms in DNase I and genes that regulate neutrophil extracellular trap production are associated with autoimmune kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie U-Shane Huang
- Department of Medicine, Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Oneli Kulatunge
- Department of Medicine, Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Kim Maree O'Sullivan
- Department of Medicine, Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
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10
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Alli AA, Desai D, Elshika A, Conrad M, Proneth B, Clapp W, Atkinson C, Segal M, Searcy LA, Denslow ND, Bolisetty S, Mehrad B, Morel L, Scindia Y. Kidney tubular epithelial cell ferroptosis links glomerular injury to tubulointerstitial pathology in lupus nephritis. Clin Immunol 2023; 248:109213. [PMID: 36566913 PMCID: PMC10810556 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2022.109213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a druggable, iron-dependent form of cell death that is characterized by lipid peroxidation but has received little attention in lupus nephritis. Kidneys of lupus nephritis patients and mice showed increased lipid peroxidation mainly in the tubular segments and an increase in Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4, a pro-ferroptosis enzyme. Nephritic mice had an attenuated expression of SLC7A11, a cystine importer, an impaired glutathione synthesis pathway, and low expression of glutathione peroxidase 4, a ferroptosis inhibitor. Lipidomics of nephritic kidneys confirmed ferroptosis. Using nephrotoxic serum, we induced immune complex glomerulonephritis in congenic mice and demonstrate that impaired iron sequestration within the proximal tubules exacerbates ferroptosis. Lupus nephritis patient serum rendered human proximal tubular cells susceptibility to ferroptosis which was inhibited by Liproxstatin-2, a novel ferroptosis inhibitor. Collectively, our findings identify intra-renal ferroptosis as a pathological feature and contributor to tubular injury in human and murine lupus nephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel A Alli
- Department of Physiology and Aging, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Dhruv Desai
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Ahmed Elshika
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Marcus Conrad
- Institute of Metabolism and Cell Death, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Germany
| | - Bettina Proneth
- Institute of Metabolism and Cell Death, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Germany
| | - William Clapp
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Carl Atkinson
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Mark Segal
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Louis A Searcy
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Nancy D Denslow
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | | | - Borna Mehrad
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Laurence Morel
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Yogesh Scindia
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA; Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA.
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11
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Willis EF, Gillespie ER, Guse K, Zuercher AW, Käsermann F, Ruitenberg MJ, Vukovic J. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) promotes brain repair and improves cognitive outcomes after traumatic brain injury in a FcγRIIB receptor-dependent manner. Brain Behav Immun 2023; 109:37-50. [PMID: 36581304 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is a promising immune-modulatory therapy for limiting harmful inflammation and associated secondary tissue loss in neurotrauma. Here, we show that IVIG therapy attenuates spatial learning and memory deficits following a controlled cortical impact mouse model of traumatic brain injury (TBI). These improvements in cognitive outcomes were associated with increased neuronal survival, an overall reduction in brain tissue loss, and a greater preservation of neural connectivity. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the presence of the main inhibitory FcγRIIB receptor is required for the beneficial effects of IVIG treatment in TBI, with our results simultaneously highlighting the role of this receptor in reducing secondary damage arising from brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily F Willis
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ellen R Gillespie
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kirsten Guse
- CSL Behring, Research, CSL Biologics Research Center, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Adrian W Zuercher
- CSL Behring, Research, CSL Biologics Research Center, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Fabian Käsermann
- CSL Behring, Research, CSL Biologics Research Center, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marc J Ruitenberg
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jana Vukovic
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
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12
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Haeger SC, Kridin K, Pieper M, Griewahn L, Nimmerjahn F, Zillikens D, König P, Ludwig RJ, Hundt JE. Therapeutic effects of Fc gamma RIV inhibition are mediated by selectively blocking immune complex-induced neutrophil activation in epidermolysis bullosa acquisita. Front Immunol 2022; 13:938306. [PMID: 36311755 PMCID: PMC9606225 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.938306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita (EBA) is a subepidermal autoimmune bullous disease caused by autoantibodies targeting type VII collagen (COL7). It is characterized by inflammation and subepidermal blistering mainly through immune complex (IC)-mediated activation of neutrophils. In experimental EBA, binding of neutrophils to ICs in the skin and induction of clinical disease depends on the expression of the Fc gamma receptor (FcγR) IV. As activating FcγR mediate both neutrophil extravasation and activation, we used multiphoton imaging to obtain further insights into the mechanistic contribution of FcγRIV in the pathogenesis of EBA. First, we demonstrated that blocking FcγRIV function completely protects LysM-eGFP mice against induction of antibody transfer-induced EBA. To visualize the interactions of anti-COL7 IgG and neutrophils in vivo, fluorescently labeled anti-COL7 IgG was injected into LysM-eGFP mice. Multiphoton microscopy was sequentially performed over a period of 8 days. At all time points, we observed a significantly higher extravasation of neutrophils into the skin of mice treated with anti-FcγRIV antibody compared to controls. However, the percentage of detected neutrophils localized to the target antigen along the dermal-epidermal junction was comparable between both groups. Additionally, reactive oxygen release and migration in vitro assay data demonstrate that FcγRIV antibody treatment inhibits the activation, but not the migration, of neutrophils. Our findings underscore the importance of advanced in vivo imaging techniques to understand the complexity of IC-mediated neutrophil-dependent inflammation, and indicate that the therapeutic utility of FcγRIV blockade is achieved through impairment of IC-mediated neutrophil activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swantje C. Haeger
- Luebeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Luebeck, Lubeck, Germany
| | - Khalaf Kridin
- Luebeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Luebeck, Lubeck, Germany
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Mario Pieper
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Luebeck, Lubeck, Germany
| | - Laura Griewahn
- Luebeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Luebeck, Lubeck, Germany
| | - Falk Nimmerjahn
- Department of Biology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Detlef Zillikens
- Luebeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Luebeck, Lubeck, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, University of Luebeck, Lubeck, Germany
| | - Peter König
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Luebeck, Lubeck, Germany
| | - Ralf J. Ludwig
- Luebeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Luebeck, Lubeck, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, University of Luebeck, Lubeck, Germany
| | - Jennifer E. Hundt
- Luebeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology, University of Luebeck, Lubeck, Germany
- *Correspondence: Jennifer E. Hundt,
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13
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Wang W, Fan Y, Wang X. Lactobacillus: Friend or Foe for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus? Front Immunol 2022; 13:883747. [PMID: 35677055 PMCID: PMC9168270 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.883747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The cause of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) remains largely unknown, despite the fact that it is well understood that a complex interaction between genes and environment is required for disease development. Microbiota serve as activators and are essential to immune homeostasis. Lactobacillus is thought to be an environmental agent affecting the development of SLE. However, beneficial therapeutic and anti-inflammatory effects of Lactobacillus on SLE were also explored. The discovery of Lactobacillus involvement in SLE will shed light on how SLE develops, as well as finding microbiota-targeted biomarkers and novel therapies. In this review, we attempt to describe the two sides of Lactobacillus in the occurrence, development, treatment and prognosis of SLE. We also discuss the effect of different strains Lactobacillus on immune cells, murine lupus, and patients. Finally, we try to illustrate the potential immunological mechanisms of Lactobacillus on SLE and provide evidence for further microbiota-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongsheng Fan
- School of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinchang Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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14
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Jiang SH, Mercan S, Papa I, Moldovan M, Walters GD, Koina M, Fadia M, Stanley M, Lea-Henry T, Cook A, Ellyard J, McMorran B, Sundaram M, Thomson R, Canete PF, Hoy W, Hutton H, Srivastava M, McKeon K, de la Rúa Figueroa I, Cervera R, Faria R, D’Alfonso S, Gatto M, Athanasopoulos V, Field M, Mathews J, Cho E, Andrews TD, Kitching AR, Cook MC, Riquelme MA, Bahlo M, Vinuesa CG. Deletions in VANGL1 are a risk factor for antibody-mediated kidney disease. Cell Rep Med 2021; 2:100475. [PMID: 35028616 PMCID: PMC8714939 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We identify an intronic deletion in VANGL1 that predisposes to renal injury in high risk populations through a kidney-intrinsic process. Half of all SLE patients develop nephritis, yet the predisposing mechanisms to kidney damage remain poorly understood. There is limited evidence of genetic contribution to specific organ involvement in SLE.1,2 We identify a large deletion in intron 7 of Van Gogh Like 1 (VANGL1), which associates with nephritis in SLE patients. The same deletion occurs at increased frequency in an indigenous population (Tiwi Islanders) with 10-fold higher rates of kidney disease compared with non-indigenous populations. Vangl1 hemizygosity in mice results in spontaneous IgA and IgG deposition within the glomerular mesangium in the absence of autoimmune nephritis. Serum transfer into B cell-deficient Vangl1+/- mice results in mesangial IgG deposition indicating that Ig deposits occur in a kidney-intrinsic fashion in the absence of Vangl1. These results suggest that Vangl1 acts in the kidney to prevent Ig deposits and its deficiency may trigger nephritis in individuals with SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon H. Jiang
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Canberra, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
- Centre for Personalised Immunology, NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
- Department of Renal Medicine, The Canberra Hospital, Canberra 2605, Australia
| | - Sevcan Mercan
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Canberra, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
- Department of Bioengineering, Kafkas University, Kars 36100, Turkey
| | - Ilenia Papa
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Canberra, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
| | - Max Moldovan
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of South Australia, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide 5001, Australia
- Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, Australia
| | - Giles D. Walters
- Department of Renal Medicine, The Canberra Hospital, Canberra 2605, Australia
| | - Mark Koina
- Department of Pathology, The Canberra Hospital, Canberra 2605, Australia
| | - Mitali Fadia
- Department of Pathology, The Canberra Hospital, Canberra 2605, Australia
| | - Maurice Stanley
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Canberra, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
| | - Tom Lea-Henry
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Canberra, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
| | - Amelia Cook
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Canberra, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
| | - Julia Ellyard
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Canberra, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
- Centre for Personalised Immunology, NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
| | - Brendan McMorran
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Canberra, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
| | - Madhivanan Sundaram
- Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Darwin Hospital, Northern Territory 0811, Australia
| | - Russell Thomson
- Centre for Research in Mathematics and Data Science, School of Computer, Data and Mathematical Sciences, Western Sydney University, Parramatta 2150, NSW, Australia
| | - Pablo F. Canete
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Canberra, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
- Centre for Personalised Immunology, NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
| | - Wendy Hoy
- Centre for Chronic Disease, Faculty of Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4029, QLD, Australia
| | - Holly Hutton
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne 3168, VIC, Australia
| | - Monika Srivastava
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Canberra, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
| | - Kathryn McKeon
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Canberra, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
- Centre for Personalised Immunology, NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
| | | | - Ricard Cervera
- Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Raquel Faria
- Unidade de Imunologia Clinica, Centro Hospitalar Unisersitario do Porto, Porto 4099-001, Portugal
| | | | - Mariele Gatto
- Department of Rheumatology, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Vicki Athanasopoulos
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Canberra, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
- Centre for Personalised Immunology, NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
| | - Matthew Field
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns 4870, QLD, Australia
| | - John Mathews
- School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3053, Australia
| | - Eun Cho
- Genome Informatics Laboratory, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
| | - Thomas D. Andrews
- Genome Informatics Laboratory, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
| | - A. Richard Kitching
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne 3168, VIC, Australia
- Departments Nephrology and Paediatric Nephrology. Monash Health, Melbourne 3168, Australia
| | - Matthew C. Cook
- Department of Immunology, The Canberra Hospital, Canberra 2605, Australia
| | - Marta Alarcon Riquelme
- Department of Medical Genomics, GENYO. Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research: Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Regional Government, Granada, 18016, Spain
| | - Melanie Bahlo
- Population Health and Immunity Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne 3052, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010 VIC, Australia
| | - Carola G. Vinuesa
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Canberra, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
- Centre for Personalised Immunology, NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence, Australian National University, Canberra 2601, Australia
- China Australia Centre for Personalised Immunology, Renji Hospital Shanghai, JiaoTong University Shanghai 200001, China
- Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Rd, London NW1 1AT, UK
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15
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Anderson KW, Bergonzo C, Scott K, Karageorgos IL, Gallagher ES, Tayi VS, Butler M, Hudgens JW. HDX-MS and MD Simulations Provide Evidence for Stabilization of the IgG1-FcγRIa (CD64a) Immune Complex Through Intermolecular Glycoprotein Bonds. J Mol Biol 2021; 434:167391. [PMID: 34890647 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2021.167391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Previous reports present different models for the stabilization of the Fc-FcγRI immune complex. Although accord exists on the importance of L235 in IgG1 and some hydrophobic contacts for complex stabilization, discord exists regarding the existence of stabilizing glycoprotein contacts between glycans of IgG1 and a conserved FG-loop (171MGKHRY176) of FcγRIa. Complexes formed from the FcγRIa receptor and IgG1s containing biantennary glycans with N-acetylglucosamine, galactose, and α2,6-N-acetylneuraminic terminations were measured by hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS), classified for dissimilarity with Welch's ANOVA and Games-Howell post hoc procedures, and modeled with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. For each glycoform of the IgG1-FcγRIa complex peptic peptides of Fab, Fc and FcγRIa report distinct H/D exchange rates. MD simulations corroborate the differences in the peptide deuterium content through calculation of the percent of time that transient glycan-peptide bonds exist. These results indicate that stability of IgG1-FcγRIa complexes correlate with the presence of intermolecular glycoprotein interactions between the IgG1 glycans and the 173KHR175 motif within the FG-loop of FcγRIa. The results also indicate that intramolecular glycan-protein bonds stabilize the Fc region in isolated and complexed IgG1. Moreover, HDX-MS data evince that the Fab domain has glycan-protein binding contacts within the IgG1-FcγRI complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle W Anderson
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Bioprocess Measurements Group, Biomolecular Measurement Division, 9600 Gudelsky Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA; Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, 9600 Gudelsky Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
| | - Christina Bergonzo
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, 9600 Gudelsky Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA; National Institute of Standards and Technology, Biomolecular Structure and Function Group, Biomolecular Measurement Division, 9600 Gudelsky Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
| | - Kerry Scott
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, 9600 Gudelsky Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA; National Institute of Standards and Technology, Bioanalytical Science Group, Biomolecular Measurement Division, 9600 Gudelsky Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
| | - Ioannis L Karageorgos
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Bioprocess Measurements Group, Biomolecular Measurement Division, 9600 Gudelsky Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA; Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, 9600 Gudelsky Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
| | - Elyssia S Gallagher
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Bioprocess Measurements Group, Biomolecular Measurement Division, 9600 Gudelsky Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA; Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, 9600 Gudelsky Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
| | - Venkata S Tayi
- University of Manitoba, Department of Microbiology, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.
| | - Michael Butler
- University of Manitoba, Department of Microbiology, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada; National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training, 26 Foster's Ave, Belfield, Blackrock, Co. Dublin A94 F5D5, Ireland.
| | - Jeffrey W Hudgens
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Bioprocess Measurements Group, Biomolecular Measurement Division, 9600 Gudelsky Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA; Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, 9600 Gudelsky Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
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16
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There Is Strength in Numbers: Quantitation of Fc Gamma Receptors on Murine Tissue-Resident Macrophages. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212172. [PMID: 34830050 PMCID: PMC8620503 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Many of the effector functions of antibodies rely on the binding of antibodies/immune complexes to cellular Fcγ receptors (FcγRs). Since the majority of innate immune effector cells express both activating and inhibitory Fc receptors, the outcome of the binding of immune complexes to cells of a given population is influenced by the relative affinities of the respective IgG subclasses to these receptors, as well as by the numbers of activating and inhibitory FcγRs on the cell surface. A group of immune cells that has come into focus more recently is the various subsets of tissue-resident macrophages. The central functions of FcγRs on tissue macrophages include the clearance of opsonized pathogens, the removal of small immune complexes from the circulation and the depletion of antibody-opsonized cells in the therapy of autoimmunity and cancer. Despite these essential functions of FcγRs on tissue-resident macrophages, an in-depth quantification of FcγRs is lacking. Thus, the aim of our current study was to quantify the various Fcγ receptors on macrophages in murine liver, lung, kidney, brain, skin and spleen. Our study identified a pronounced heterogeneity between FcγR expression patterns of the different tissue macrophages, which may reflect their specialized functions within their unique niches in different organ environments.
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17
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Pagan JD, Vlamakis H, Gaca A, Xavier RJ, Anthony RM. Modulating T Follicular Cells In Vivo Enhances Antigen-Specific Humoral Immunity. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 206:2583-2595. [PMID: 34011521 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2001434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Generation of high-affinity IgG is essential for defense against infections and cancer, which is the intended consequence of many vaccines, but can cause autoimmune and inflammatory diseases when inappropriately directed against self. The interplay of T follicular helper (TFH) cells and T follicular regulatory (TFR) cells is critical for the production of high-affinity IgG of a specific subclass. In this study, we sought to improve Ag-specific IgG responses with two interventions intended to transiently diminish TFR cell influence. First, adult mice were administered an antibiotic mixture (ABX) for an extended period to deplete the immunoregulatory intestinal microbiota. This intriguingly increased TFH cell and reduced TFR cell numbers. 2,4,6-Trinitrophenyl hapten conjugated to keyhole limpet hemocyanin immunization resulted in higher affinity 2,4,6-trinitrophenyl hapten-specific IgG1 in ABX mice compared with controls. In a model of IgG-driven inflammatory nephritis, ABX mice had significantly worse nephritis accompanied by higher affinity Ag-specific IgG2b and enriched TFH cells compared with controls. Second, we sought to functionally manipulate TFH and TFR cells, which both express the checkpoint inhibitory molecule, PD-1, by administration of anti-PD-1 during immunization. This intervention enhanced the affinity of Ag-specific IgG of the appropriate subclass and increased in TFH cells following 2,4,6-trinitrophenyl hapten conjugated to keyhole limpet hemocyanin immunization and nephritis induction. These results suggest that altering TFH and TFR cell ratios during immunization is an appealing strategy to qualitatively improve Ag- and subclass-specific IgG responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose D Pagan
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA
| | - Hera Vlamakis
- Broad Immunology, Infectious Disease and Microbiome Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA; and.,Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA
| | - Anthony Gaca
- Broad Immunology, Infectious Disease and Microbiome Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA; and
| | - Ramnik J Xavier
- Broad Immunology, Infectious Disease and Microbiome Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA; and.,Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA
| | - Robert M Anthony
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA;
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18
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Cho T, Sato H, Wakamatsu A, Ohashi R, Ajioka Y, Uchiumi T, Goto S, Narita I, Kaneko Y. Mood Disorder in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Induced by Antiribosomal P Protein Antibodies Associated with Decreased Serum and Brain Tryptophan. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 206:1729-1739. [PMID: 33789980 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Antiribosomal P protein (anti-P) autoantibodies commonly develop in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. We have previously established hybridoma clones producing anti-P mAbs. In this study, we explored the pathogenesis of behavioral disorders induced by anti-P Abs using these mAbs. New Zealand Black × New Zealand White F1, New Zealand White, C57BL/6, and BALB/c mice were treated with 1 mg of anti-P Abs once every 2 wk. The behavioral disorder was evaluated by the tail suspension test, forced swim test, and open field test. Following administration of anti-P Abs, New Zealand Black × New Zealand White F1 and C57BL/6 mice developed depressive behavior and showed increased anxiety with elevated serum TNF-α and IL-6 levels. Anti-P Abs were not deposited in the affected brain tissue; instead, this mood disorder was associated with lower serum and brain tryptophan concentrations. Tryptophan supplementation recovered serum tryptophan levels and prevented the behavioral disorder. TNF-α and IL-6 were essential for the decreased serum tryptophan and disease development, which were ameliorated by treatment with anti-TNF-α neutralizing Abs or dexamethasone. Peritoneal macrophages from C57BL/6 mice produced TNF-α, IL-6, and IDO-1 via interaction with anti-P Abs through activating FcγRs, which were required for disease development. IVIg, which has an immunosuppressive effect partly through the regulation of FcγR expression, also prevented the decrease in serum tryptophan and disease development. Furthermore, serum tryptophan concentrations were decreased in the sera of systemic lupus erythematosus patients with anti-P Abs, and lower tryptophan levels correlated with disease activity. Our study revealed some of the molecular mechanisms of mood disorder induced by anti-P Abs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takamasa Cho
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 9518510, Japan
| | - Hiroe Sato
- Health Administration Center, Niigata University, Niigata 9502181, Japan
| | - Ayako Wakamatsu
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 9518510, Japan
| | - Riuko Ohashi
- Histopathology Core Facility, Faculty of Medicine, Niigata University, Niigata 9518510, Japan.,Division of Molecular and Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 9518510, Japan; and
| | - Yoichi Ajioka
- Histopathology Core Facility, Faculty of Medicine, Niigata University, Niigata 9518510, Japan.,Division of Molecular and Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 9518510, Japan; and
| | - Toshio Uchiumi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, Niigata 9502181, Japan
| | - Shin Goto
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 9518510, Japan
| | - Ichiei Narita
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 9518510, Japan
| | - Yoshikatsu Kaneko
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 9518510, Japan;
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19
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Complement activity is regulated in C3 glomerulopathy by IgG-factor H fusion proteins with and without properdin targeting domains. Kidney Int 2020; 99:396-404. [PMID: 33129896 PMCID: PMC7863913 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2020.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
C3 glomerulopathy is characterized by accumulation of complement C3 within glomeruli. Causes include, but are not limited to, abnormalities in factor H, the major negative regulator of the complement alternative pathway. Factor H-deficient (Cfh-/-) mice develop C3 glomerulopathy together with a reduction in plasma C3 levels. Using this model, we assessed the efficacy of two fusion proteins containing the factor H alternative pathway regulatory domains (FH1-5) linked to either a non-targeting mouse immunoglobulin (IgG-FH1-5) or to an anti-mouse properdin antibody (Anti-P-FH1-5). Both proteins increased plasma C3 and reduced glomerular C3 deposition to an equivalent extent, suggesting that properdin-targeting was not required for FH1-5 to alter C3 activation in either plasma or glomeruli. Following IgG-FH1-5 administration, plasma C3 levels temporally correlated with changes in factor B levels whereas plasma C5 levels correlated with changes in plasma properdin levels. Notably, the increases in plasma C5 and properdin levels persisted for longer than the increases in C3 and factor B. In Cfh-/- mice IgG-FH1-5 reduced kidney injury during accelerated serum nephrotoxic nephritis. Thus, our data demonstrate that IgG-FH1-5 restored circulating alternative pathway activity and reduced glomerular C3 deposition in Cfh-/- mice and that plasma properdin levels are a sensitive marker of C5 convertase activity in factor H deficiency. The immunoglobulin conjugated FH1-5 protein, through its comparatively long plasma half-life, may be a potential therapy for C3 glomerulopathy.
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20
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Han JH, Cai M, Grein J, Perera S, Wang H, Bigler M, Ueda R, Rosahl TW, Pinheiro E, LaFace D, Seghezzi W, Williams SMG. Effective Anti-tumor Response by TIGIT Blockade Associated With FcγR Engagement and Myeloid Cell Activation. Front Immunol 2020; 11:573405. [PMID: 33117369 PMCID: PMC7577118 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.573405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecule “T cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin and ITIM domain,” or TIGIT, has recently received much attention as a promising target in the treatment of various malignancies. In spite of the quick progression of anti-TIGIT antibodies into clinical testing both as monotherapy and in combination with programmed cell death-1 (PD-1)–directed immune checkpoint blockade, the molecular mechanism behind the observed therapeutic benefits remains poorly understood. Here we demonstrate, using mouse tumor models, that TIGIT blocking antibodies with functional Fc binding potential induce effective anti-tumor response. Our observations reveal that the anti-TIGIT therapeutic effect is not achieved by depletion of intratumoral regulatory T cells (Treg) or any cell population expressing TIGIT, but instead is mediated by possible “reverse activating signals” through FcγRs on myeloid cells, inducing expression of various mediators such as cytokines and chemokines. Furthermore, we discovered an induction of a robust and persistent granzyme B and perforin response, distinct from a predominantly interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-driven anti-PD-1 blockade. Our observations, for the first time, provide the basis for a mechanistic hypothesis involving the requirement of a functional Fc domain of anti-TIGIT monoclonal antibodies, of which various isotypes are currently under intense clinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mingmei Cai
- Merck & Co. Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, United States
| | | | | | | | - Mike Bigler
- Merck & Co. Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, United States
| | - Roenna Ueda
- Merck & Co. Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, United States
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21
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Gillespie ER, Ruitenberg MJ. Neuroinflammation after SCI: Current Insights and Therapeutic Potential of Intravenous Immunoglobulin. J Neurotrauma 2020; 39:320-332. [PMID: 32689880 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2019.6952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) elicits a complex cascade of cellular and molecular inflammatory events. Although certain aspects of the inflammatory response are essential to wound healing and repair, post-SCI inflammation is, on balance, thought to be detrimental to recovery by causing "bystander damage" and the spread of pathology into spared but vulnerable regions of the spinal cord. Much of the research to date has therefore focused on understanding the inflammatory drivers of secondary tissue loss after SCI, to define therapeutic targets and positively modulate this response. Numerous experimental studies have demonstrated that modulation of the inflammatory response to SCI can indeed lead to significant neuroprotection and improved recovery. However, it is now also recognized that broadscale immunosuppression is not necessarily beneficial and may even carry the risk of contributing to the development of serious adverse events. Immune modulation rather than suppression is therefore now considered a more promising approach to target harmful post-traumatic inflammation following a major neurotraumatic event such as SCI. One promising immunomodulatory agent is intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), a plasma product that contains mostly immunoglobulin G (IgG) from thousands of healthy donors. IVIG is currently already widely used to treat a range of autoimmune diseases, but recent studies have found that it also holds great promise for treating acute neurological conditions, including SCI. This review provides an overview of the inflammatory response to SCI, immunomodulatory approaches that are currently in clinical trials, proposed mechanisms of action for IVIG therapy, and the putative relevance of these in the context of neurotraumatic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen R Gillespie
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Marc J Ruitenberg
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Trauma, Critical Care, and Recovery, Brisbane Diamantina Health Partners, Brisbane, Australia
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22
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Abstract
IgG antibodies cause inflammation and organ damage in autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We investigated the metabolic profile of macrophages isolated from inflamed tissues in immune complex (IC)-associated diseases, including SLE and rheumatoid arthritis, and following IgG Fcγ receptor cross-linking. We found that human and mouse macrophages undergo a switch to glycolysis in response to IgG IC stimulation, mirroring macrophage metabolic changes in inflamed tissue in vivo. This metabolic reprogramming was required to generate a number of proinflammatory mediators, including IL-1β, and was dependent on mTOR and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)1α. Inhibition of glycolysis, or genetic depletion of HIF1α, attenuated IgG IC-induced activation of macrophages in vitro, including primary human kidney macrophages. In vivo, glycolysis inhibition led to a reduction in kidney macrophage IL-1β and reduced neutrophil recruitment in a murine model of antibody-mediated nephritis. Together, our data reveal the molecular mechanisms underpinning FcγR-mediated metabolic reprogramming in macrophages and suggest a therapeutic strategy for autoantibody-induced inflammation, including lupus nephritis.
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23
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Wang TT, Ravetch JV. Functional diversification of IgGs through Fc glycosylation. J Clin Invest 2020; 129:3492-3498. [PMID: 31478910 DOI: 10.1172/jci130029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
IgG antibodies are secreted from B cells and bind to a variety of pathogens to control infections as well as contribute to inflammatory diseases. Many of the functions of IgGs are mediated through Fcγ receptors (FcγRs), which transduce interactions with immune complexes, leading to a variety of cellular outcomes depending on the FcγRs and cell types engaged. Which FcγRs and cell types will be engaged during an immune response depends on the structure of Fc domains within immune complexes that are formed when IgGs bind to cognate antigen(s). Recent studies have revealed an unexpected degree of structural variability in IgG Fc domains among people, driven primarily by differences in IgG subclasses and N-linked glycosylation of the CH2 domain. This translates, in turn, to functional immune diversification through type I and type II FcγR-mediated cellular functions. For example, Fc domain sialylation triggers conformational changes of IgG1 that enable interactions with type II FcγRs; these receptors mediate cellular functions including antiinflammatory activity or definition of thresholds for B cell selection based on B cell receptor affinity. Similarly, presence or absence of a core fucose alters type I FcγR binding of IgG1 by modulating the Fc's affinity for FcγRIIIa, thereby altering its proinflammatory activity. How heterogeneity in IgG Fc domains contributes to human immune diversity is now being elucidated, including impacts on vaccine responses and susceptibility to disease and its sequelae during infections. Here, we discuss how Fc structures arising from sialylation and fucosylation impact immunity, focusing on responses to vaccination and infection. We also review work defining individual differences in Fc glycosylation, regulation of Fc glycosylation, and clinical implications of these pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taia T Wang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.,Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jeffrey V Ravetch
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
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24
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Madsen MB, Bergsten H, Norrby-Teglund A. Treatment of Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections: IVIG. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1294:105-125. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-57616-5_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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25
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Abstract
Glycosylation of IgG Fc domains is a central mechanism in the diversification of antibody function. Modifications to the core Fc glycan impact antibody function by shifting the balance of Type I and Type II Fc gamma receptors (FcγR) that will be engaged by immune complexes. This, in turn, modulates the effector cells and functions that can be recruited during immune activation. Critically, humans have evolved to regulate Fc glycan modifications for immune homeostasis. Dysregulation in Fc glycan modifications can lead to loss of immune tolerance, symptomatic autoimmunity, and susceptibility to infectious diseases. Here, we discuss IgG Fc glycosylation and its role in human health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taia T Wang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Program in Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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26
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Kaneko Y, Cho T, Sato Y, Goto K, Yamamoto S, Goto S, Madaio MP, Narita I. Attenuated Macrophage Infiltration in Glomeruli of Aged Mice Resulting in Ameliorated Kidney Injury in Nephrotoxic Serum Nephritis. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2019; 73:1178-1186. [PMID: 29415117 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/gly019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Senescent cells have deleterious effects on the tissue microenvironment through proinflammatory senescence-associated secretory phenotypes; meanwhile, the onset of glomerulonephritis is predominant in younger adults. To clarify the influence of aging on the onset and development of glomerulonephritis, we used a murine model of antibody-mediated nephritis. Sheep nephrotoxic serum was administered in C57BL/6J mice at 12 weeks (adult) or 18 months old (aged) after pre-immunization with sheep IgG. Depositions of sheep IgG and autologous mouse IgG along the glomerular basement membrane and the serum titer of anti-sheep IgG-specific mouse IgG were similar between adult and aged mice. However, kidney injury was depressed in aged mice, accompanied by reduced macrophage infiltration in the glomeruli. The mRNA expression of most chemokines involved in monocyte/macrophage chemotaxis was not different between adult and aged mice, but the cell surface expression of C-C chemokine receptor (CCR) 1 and CCR2 was down-regulated in the monocyte/macrophage lineage cells infiltrating the kidneys of aged nephritic mice. Furthermore, expression of all four isotypes of the Fcγ receptor (FcγR) was reduced in these cells. Both CCR and FcγR expression were down-regulated in monocyte/macrophage lineage cells, resulting in attenuated glomerular infiltration of these cells and impaired glomerular injury in aged mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshikatsu Kaneko
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Japan
| | - Takamasa Cho
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Japan
| | - Yuya Sato
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Japan
| | - Kei Goto
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Japan
| | - Suguru Yamamoto
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Japan
| | - Shin Goto
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Japan
| | - Michael P Madaio
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University
| | - Ichiei Narita
- Division of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Japan
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27
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Amber KT, Maglie R, Solimani F, Eming R, Hertl M. Targeted Therapies for Autoimmune Bullous Diseases: Current Status. Drugs 2019; 78:1527-1548. [PMID: 30238396 DOI: 10.1007/s40265-018-0976-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune bullous skin disorders are rare but meaningful chronic inflammatory diseases, many of which had a poor or devastating prognosis prior to the advent of immunosuppressive drugs such as systemic corticosteroids, which down-regulate the immune pathogenesis in these disorders. Glucocorticoids and adjuvant immunosuppressive drugs have been of major benefit for the fast control of most of these disorders, but their long-term use is limited by major side effects such as blood cytopenia, osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and gastrointestinal ulcers. In recent years, major efforts were made to identify key elements in the pathogenesis of autoimmune bullous disorders, leading to the identification of their autoantigens, which are mainly located in desmosomes (pemphigus) and the basement membrane zone (pemphigoids). In the majority of cases, immunoglobulin G, and to a lesser extent, immunoglobulin A autoantibodies directed against distinct cutaneous adhesion molecules are directly responsible for the loss of cell-cell and cell-basement membrane adhesion, which is clinically related to the formation of blisters and/or erosions of the skin and mucous membranes. We describe and discuss novel therapeutic strategies that directly interfere with the production and regulation of pathogenic autoantibodies (rituximab), their catabolism (intravenous immunoglobulins), and their presence in the circulation and extravascular tissues such as the skin (immunoadsorption), leading to a significant amelioration of disease. Moreover, we show that these novel therapies have pleiotropic effects on various proinflammatory cells and cytokines. Recent studies in bullous pemphigoid suggest that targeting of immunoglobulin E autoantibodies (omalizumab) may be also beneficial. In summary, the introduction of targeted therapies in pemphigus and pemphigoid holds major promise because of the high efficacy and fewer side effects compared with conventional global immunosuppressive therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle T Amber
- Department of Dermatology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 808 Wood St. Room 377, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
| | - Roberto Maglie
- Department of Dermatology, Philipps University, Baldingerstr., 35043, Marburg, Germany.,Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine, Section of Dermatology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Farzan Solimani
- Department of Dermatology, Philipps University, Baldingerstr., 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Eming
- Department of Dermatology, Philipps University, Baldingerstr., 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Michael Hertl
- Department of Dermatology, Philipps University, Baldingerstr., 35043, Marburg, Germany.
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28
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Hoffmann JHO, Enk AH. High-Dose Intravenous Immunoglobulin in Skin Autoimmune Disease. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1090. [PMID: 31244821 PMCID: PMC6579842 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The immunomodulatory potential and low incidence of severe side effects of high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) treatment led to its successful application in a variety of dermatological autoimmune diseases over the last two decades. IVIg is usually administered at a dose of 2 g per kg body weight distributed over 2–5 days every 4 weeks. They are most commonly used as a second- or third-line treatment in dermatological autoimmune disease (pemphigus vulgaris, pemphigus foliaceus, bullous pemphigoid, mucous membrane pemphigoid, epidermolysis bullosa acquisita, dermatomyositis, systemic vasculitis, and systemic lupus erythematosus). However, first-line treatment may be warranted in special circumstances like concomitant malignancy, a foudroyant clinical course, and contraindications against alternative treatments. Furthermore, IVIg can be considered first line in scleromyxedema. Production of IVIg for medical use is strictly regulated to ensure a low risk of pathogen transmission and comparable quality of individual batches. More common side effects include nausea, headache, fatigue, and febrile infusion reactions. Serious side effects are rare and include thrombosis and embolism, pulmonary edema, renal failure, aseptic meningitis, and severe anaphylactic reactions. Regarding the mechanism of action, one can discriminate between functions of the Fcγ region and the F(ab)2 region and their effects on a cellular level. These functions are not mutually exclusive, and more than one pathway may contribute to the beneficial effects. Here, we present a historical background, details on manufacturing, hypotheses on the mechanisms of action, information on the clinical application in the abovementioned conditions, and a brief outlook on future directions of IVIg treatment in dermatology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexander H Enk
- Department of Dermatology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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29
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Keller CW, Quast I, Dalakas MC, Lünemann JD. IVIG efficacy in CIDP patients is not associated with terminal complement inhibition. J Neuroimmunol 2019; 330:23-27. [PMID: 30772754 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Patients with acute and chronic inflammatory demyelinating neuropathies exhibit elevated serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of terminal complement activation products and therapeutic inhibition of complement activation is currently tested for its safety and efficacy in patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). Here, we determined serum levels of the complement activation products C3a, C5a and the soluble terminal complement complex (sTCC) in 39 individuals with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) who participated in one of the largest ever conducted clinical trial in patients with CIDP (ICE trial) and received Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG) or placebo (albumin) in 3 week intervals for up to 24 weeks. In placebo-treated patients with spontaneous disease remission, serum sTCC levels moderately decreased over time. Levels of complement activation products were, however, not modulated by IVIG and remained unchanged in patients with a beneficial response to IVIG therapy as compared to those with steady or worsened disease. These results suggest that the therapeutic efficacy of IVIG in CIDP is based on immunomodulatory mechanisms different from complement inhibition. Terminal complement activation merits further investigation as a surrogate marker for disease progression and therapeutic target in patients with CIDP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian W Keller
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster 48149, Germany; Institute of Experimental Immunology, Department of Neuroinflammation, University of Zurich, Zürich 8057, Switzerland
| | - Isaak Quast
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Marinos C Dalakas
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA; Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Jan D Lünemann
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster, Münster 48149, Germany; Institute of Experimental Immunology, Department of Neuroinflammation, University of Zurich, Zürich 8057, Switzerland.
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30
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Brückner C, Lehmann C, Dudziak D, Nimmerjahn F. Sweet SIGNs: IgG glycosylation leads the way in IVIG-mediated resolution of inflammation. Int Immunol 2019; 29:499-509. [PMID: 29300958 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxx053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A hallmark of many chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases is that there is an impaired resolution of inflammation and return to the steady state. The infusion of high doses of pooled serum IgG preparations from thousands of donors [intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy] has been shown to induce resolution of inflammation in a variety of chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, suggesting that IgG molecules can instruct the immune system to stop inflammatory processes and initiate the return to the steady state. The aim of this review is to discuss how insights into the mechanism of IVIG activity may help to understand the molecular and cellular pathways underlying resolution of inflammation. We will put a special emphasis on pathways dependent on the IgG FC domain and IgG sialylation, as several recent studies have provided new insights into how this glycosylation-dependent pathway modulates innate and adaptive immune responses through different sets of C-type or I-type lectins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christin Brückner
- Chair of Genetics, Department of Biology, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen Nürnberg (FAU), Germany
| | - Christian Lehmann
- Department of Dermatology, Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, University Hospital Erlangen, Germany
| | - Diana Dudziak
- Department of Dermatology, Laboratory of Dendritic Cell Biology, University Hospital Erlangen, Germany.,Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen, Germany
| | - Falk Nimmerjahn
- Chair of Genetics, Department of Biology, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen Nürnberg (FAU), Germany.,Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen, Germany
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32
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Abstract
Autoimmunity is a leading cause of chronic kidney disease and loss of native and transplanted kidneys. Conventional immunosuppressive therapies can be effective but are non-specific, noncurative, and risk serious side effects such as life-threatening infection and cancer. Novel therapies and targeted interventions are urgently needed. In this brief review we explore diverse strategies currently in development and under consideration to interrupt underlying disease mechanisms in immune-mediated renal injury. Because autoantibodies are prominent in diagnosis and pathogenesis in multiple human glomerulopathies, we highlight several promising therapies that interfere with functions of early mediators (IgG and complement) of the effector arm and with an epicenter (the germinal center) for induction of humoral immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Helen Foster
- a Department of Medicine , Duke University Medical Center , Durham , NC , USA.,b Medical and Research Services , Durham VA Medical Center , Durham , NC , USA
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33
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The Role of Fc Gamma Receptors in Broad Protection against Influenza Viruses. Vaccines (Basel) 2018; 6:vaccines6030036. [PMID: 29966222 PMCID: PMC6160953 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines6030036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have revealed multiple roles for Fc gamma receptors (FcγRs) in broad immunity against influenza viruses. Activating FcγR pathways can be harnessed to confer protection mediated by non-neutralizing anti-HA IgGs and to increase the potency of broadly neutralizing anti-HA IgGs and of anti-NA IgGs. Separate FcγR pathways can be targeted to enhance the breadth of antibody responses elicited by seasonal influenza virus vaccines. Here, we review the current understanding of FcγR pathways in broad influenza immunity and suggest mechanisms to bypass FcγR signaling heterogeneity among people that arises from distinctions in structural repertoires of IgG Fc domains.
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34
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Cellular and molecular mechanisms of kidney fibrosis. Mol Aspects Med 2018; 65:16-36. [PMID: 29909119 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 280] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is the final pathological process common to any ongoing, chronic kidney injury or maladaptive repair. It is considered as the underlying pathological process of chronic kidney disease (CKD), which affects more than 10% of world population and for which treatment options are limited. Renal fibrosis is defined by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix, which disrupts and replaces the functional parenchyma that leads to organ failure. Kidney's histological structure can be divided into three main compartments, all of which can be affected by fibrosis, specifically termed glomerulosclerosis in glomeruli, interstitial fibrosis in tubulointerstitium and arteriosclerosis and perivascular fibrosis in vasculature. In this review, we summarized the different appearance, cellular origin and major emerging processes and mediators of fibrosis in each compartment. We also depicted and discussed the challenges in translation of anti-fibrotic treatment to clinical practice and discuss possible solutions and future directions.
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35
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Liu SY, Yu XL, Zhu J, Liu XM, Zhang Y, Dong QX, Ma S, Liu RT. Intravenous immunoglobulin ameliorates motor and cognitive deficits and neuropathology in R6/2 mouse model of Huntington's disease by decreasing mutant huntingtin protein level and normalizing NF-κB signaling pathway. Brain Res 2018; 1697:21-33. [PMID: 29902468 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive movement disorders and cognitive deficits, which is caused by a CAG-repeat expansion encoding an extended polyglutamine (polyQ) tract in the huntingtin protein (HTT). Reduction of mutant HTT levels and inhibition of neuroinflammation has been proposed as a major therapeutic strategy in treating HD. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) therapy has been firmly established for the treatment of several autoimmune or inflammatory neurological diseases, either as adjunctive treatment or as first-line therapy. However, whether IVIg has therapeutic potential on HD remains unclear. Here we for the first time demonstrated that IVIg treatment remarkably rescued motor and cognitive deficits, prevented synaptic degeneration, attenuated neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in R6/2 mouse model. Further investigation showed that the beneficial effects of IVIg resulted from the reduced levels of mutant HTT and inhibition of NF-κB signalling pathway. These findings suggest that IVIg is a promising therapeutic potential for HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Ying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiang-Meng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Quan-Xiu Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Shan Ma
- Shandong Institute of Biological Products, Taian 271000, China.
| | - Rui-Tian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
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36
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Kvirkvelia N, McMenamin M, Warren M, Jadeja RN, Kodeboyina SK, Sharma A, Zhi W, O'Connor PM, Raju R, Lucas R, Madaio MP. Kidney-targeted inhibition of protein kinase C-α ameliorates nephrotoxic nephritis with restoration of mitochondrial dysfunction. Kidney Int 2018; 94:280-291. [PMID: 29731111 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2018.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the role of protein kinase C-α (PKC-α) in glomerulonephritis, the capacity of PKC-α inhibition to reverse the course of established nephrotoxic nephritis (NTN) was evaluated. Nephritis was induced by a single injection of nephrotoxic serum and after its onset, a PKC-α inhibitor was administered either systemically or by targeted glomerular delivery. By day seven, all mice with NTN had severe nephritis, whereas mice that received PKC-α inhibitors in either form had minimal evidence of disease. To further understand the underlying mechanism, label-free shotgun proteomic analysis of the kidney cortexes were performed, using quantitative mass spectrometry. Ingenuity pathway analysis revealed 157 differentially expressed proteins and mitochondrial dysfunction as the most modulated pathway. Functional protein groups most affected by NTN were mitochondrial proteins associated with respiratory processes. These proteins were down-regulated in the mice with NTN, while their expression was restored with PKC-α inhibition. This suggests a role for proteins that regulate oxidative phosphorylation in recovery. In cultured glomerular endothelial cells, nephrotoxic serum caused a decrease in mitochondrial respiration and membrane potential, mitochondrial morphologic changes and an increase in glycolytic lactic acid production; all normalized by PKC-α inhibition. Thus, PKC-α has a critical role in NTN progression, and the results implicate mitochondrial processes through restoring oxidative phosphorylation, as an essential mechanism underlying recovery. Importantly, our study provides additional support for targeted therapy to glomeruli to reverse the course of progressive disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nino Kvirkvelia
- Department of Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Marie Warren
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Ravirajsinh N Jadeja
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Sai Karthik Kodeboyina
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Ashok Sharma
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Wenbo Zhi
- Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Paul M O'Connor
- Department of Physiology and Endocrinology, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Raghavan Raju
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Rudolf Lucas
- Vascular Biology Center, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Michael P Madaio
- Department of Medicine, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.
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37
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Sharma R, Kinsey GR. Regulatory T cells in acute and chronic kidney diseases. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2018; 314:F679-F698. [PMID: 28877881 PMCID: PMC6031912 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00236.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Foxp3-expressing CD4+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) make up one subset of the helper T cells (Th) and are one of the major mechanisms of peripheral tolerance. Tregs prevent abnormal activation of the immune system throughout the lifespan, thus protecting from autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Recent studies have elucidated the role of Tregs beyond autoimmunity. Tregs play important functions in controlling not only innate and adaptive immune cell activation, but also regulate nonimmune cell function during insults and injury. Inflammation contributes to a multitude of acute and chronic diseases affecting the kidneys. This review examines the role of Tregs in pathogenesis of renal inflammatory diseases and explores the approaches for enhancing Tregs for prevention and therapy of renal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Sharma
- Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Gilbert R Kinsey
- Division of Nephrology and Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, Virginia
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38
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Murine Nephrotoxic Nephritis as a Model of Chronic Kidney Disease. Int J Nephrol 2018; 2018:8424502. [PMID: 29692933 PMCID: PMC5859794 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8424502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Using the nonaccelerated murine nephrotoxic nephritis (NTN) as a model of chronic kidney disease (CKD) could provide an easily inducible model that enables a rapid test of treatments. Originally, the NTN model was developed as an acute model of glomerulonephritis, but in this study we evaluate the model as a CKD model and compare CD1 and C57BL/6 female and male mice. CD1 mice have previously showed an increased susceptibility to CKD in other CKD models. NTN was induced by injecting nephrotoxic serum (NTS) and evaluated by CKD parameters including albuminuria, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), mesangial expansion, and renal fibrosis. Both strains showed significant albuminuria on days 2-3 which remained significant until the last time point on days 36-37 supporting dysfunctional filtration also observed by a significantly declined GFR on days 5-6, 15–17, and 34–37. Both strains showed early progressive mesangial expansion and significant renal fibrosis within three weeks suggesting CKD development. CD1 and C57BL/6 females showed a similar disease progression, but female mice seemed more susceptible to NTS compared to male mice. The presence of albuminuria, GFR decline, mesangial expansion, and fibrosis showed that the NTN model is a relevant CKD model both in C57BL/6 and in CD1 mice.
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39
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Pagan JD, Kitaoka M, Anthony RM. Engineered Sialylation of Pathogenic Antibodies In Vivo Attenuates Autoimmune Disease. Cell 2018; 172:564-577.e13. [PMID: 29275858 PMCID: PMC5849077 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Self-reactive IgGs contribute to the pathology of autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis. Paradoxically, IgGs are used to treat inflammatory diseases in the form of high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). Distinct glycoforms on the IgG crystallizable fragment (Fc) dictate these divergent functions. IgG anti-inflammatory activity is attributed to sialylation of the Fc glycan. We therefore sought to convert endogenous IgG to anti-inflammatory mediators in vivo by engineering solubilized glycosyltransferases that attach galactose or sialic acid. When both enzymes were administered in a prophylactic or therapeutic fashion, autoimmune inflammation was markedly attenuated in vivo. The enzymes worked through a similar pathway to IVIG, requiring DC-SIGN, STAT6 signaling, and FcγRIIB. Importantly, sialylation was highly specific to pathogenic IgG at the site of inflammation, driven by local platelet release of nucleotide-sugar donors. These results underscore the therapeutic potential of glycoengineering in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose D Pagan
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Maya Kitaoka
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Robert M Anthony
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA.
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40
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Corradetti C, Jog NR, Cesaroni M, Madaio M, Caricchio R. Estrogen Receptor α Signaling Exacerbates Immune-Mediated Nephropathies through Alteration of Metabolic Activity. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 200:512-522. [PMID: 29237779 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1700770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Glomerulonephritis is one of the most serious manifestations of systemic lupus erythematous (SLE). Because SLE is ≥10 times more common in women, a role for estrogens in disease pathogenesis has long been suspected. Estrogen receptor α (ERα) is highly expressed in renal tissue. We asked whether ERα expression contributes to the development of immune-mediated nephropathies like in lupus nephritis. We tested the overall effects of estrogen receptors on the immune response by immunization with OVA and induction of chronic graft-versus-host disease in female ERα-knockout mice. We used nephrotoxic serum nephritis as a model of immune-mediated nephropathy. We investigated the influence of ERα on molecular pathways during nephritis by microarray analysis of glomerular extract gene expression. We performed RNA sequencing of lupus patient whole blood to determine common pathways in murine and human nephritis. Absence of ERα protects female mice from developing nephritis, despite the presence of immune complexes and the production of proinflammatory cytokines in the kidneys and normal humoral responses to immunization. Time-course microarray analysis of glomeruli during nephrotoxic serum nephritis revealed significant upregulation of genes related to PPAR-mediated lipid metabolism and downregulation of genes in the retinol metabolism in wild-type females compared with ERα-knockout females. Similarly, RNA sequencing of lupus patient blood revealed similar expression patterns of these same pathways. During nephritis, the altered activity of metabolic pathways, such as retinol metabolism, occurs downstream of ERα activation and is essential for the progression to end-stage renal failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea Corradetti
- Rheumatology Section, Department of Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140
| | - Neelakshi R Jog
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104
| | - Matteo Cesaroni
- Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Spring House, PA 19477; and
| | - Michael Madaio
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912
| | - Roberto Caricchio
- Rheumatology Section, Department of Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140;
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41
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Hoffmann JHO, Enk AH. High-dose intravenous immunoglobulins for the treatment of dermatological autoimmune diseases. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2017; 15:1211-1226. [PMID: 29228499 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.13389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Based on their immunomodulatory properties, high-dose intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIGs) are successfully used in the treatment of various dermatological autoimmune diseases, in particular pemphigus vulgaris and dermatomyositis. In autoimmune bullous diseases, IVIGs can be used in an adjuvant setting (second- or third-line therapy) once combined immunosuppressive regimens have failed. In dermatomyositis, IVIGs may already be employed as an adjuvant second-line therapy after failure of corticosteroid monotherapy. In scleromyxedema, IVIGs may be considered as first-line treatment, given the lack of effective and safe alternatives. Other potential indications for IVIGs may include severe recalcitrant cases of systemic vasculitis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Toxic epidermal necrolysis may be an indication for high-dose IVIGs if administered early. Common, readily manageable side effects include nausea, headache, fatigue, and febrile infusion reactions. Severe adverse events such as thromboembolic events, anaphylaxis, and acute renal failure are very uncommon. The risk of viral transmission is very low. Potential mechanisms of action include upregulation of inhibitory Fc receptors, reduction of the half-life of endogenous immunoglobulins due to displacement from protective receptor sites, neutralization of autoantibodies by anti-idiotypic antibodies, as well as inhibition of complement activation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexander H Enk
- Department of Dermatology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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42
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Hoffmann JH, Enk AH. Hochdosierte intravenöse Immunglobuline bei dermatologischen Autoimmunerkrankungen. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/ddg.13389_g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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43
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Sordé L, Spindeldreher S, Palmer E, Karle A. Massive immune response against IVIg interferes with response against other antigens in mice: A new mode of action? PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186046. [PMID: 29023507 PMCID: PMC5638328 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Administration of high dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) is widely used in the clinic to treat autoimmune and severe inflammatory diseases. However, its mechanisms of action remain poorly understood. We assessed the impact of IVIg on immune cell populations using an in vivo ovalbumin (Ova)-immunization mouse model. High dose IVIg significantly reduced the Ova-specific antibody response. Intriguingly, the results obtained indicate an immediate and massive immune reaction against IVIg, as shown by the activation and expansion of B cells and CD4+ T cells in the spleen and draining lymph nodes and the production of IVIg-specific antibodies. We propose that IVIg competes at the T-cell level with the response against Ova to explain the immunomodulatory properties of IVIg. Two monoclonal antibodies did not succeeded in reproducing the effects of IVIg. This suggests that in addition to the mouse response against human constant domains, the enormous sequence diversity of IVIg may significantly contribute to this massive immune response against IVIg. While correlation of these findings to IVIg-treated patients remains to be explored, our data demonstrate for the first time that IVIg re-directs the immune response towards IVIg and away from a specific antigen response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laetitia Sordé
- Novartis Pharma AG, Integrated Biologics Profiling Unit, Immunogenicity Risk Assessment, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Spindeldreher
- Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Biologics, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ed Palmer
- University Hospital Basel, Department of Biomedicine, Transplantation Immunology and Nephrology, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anette Karle
- Novartis Pharma AG, Integrated Biologics Profiling Unit, Immunogenicity Risk Assessment, Basel, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
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44
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Seeling M, Brückner C, Nimmerjahn F. Differential antibody glycosylation in autoimmunity: sweet biomarker or modulator of disease activity? Nat Rev Rheumatol 2017; 13:621-630. [DOI: 10.1038/nrrheum.2017.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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45
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ARF6 mediates nephrin tyrosine phosphorylation-induced podocyte cellular dynamics. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0184575. [PMID: 28880939 PMCID: PMC5589247 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (ARF6) is a small GTPase necessary for regulating cellular structure, motility, and vesicle trafficking. In several cellular systems, ARF6 was shown to regulate actin dynamics in coordination with Rac1, a Rho small GTPase. We examined the function of ARF6 in the kidney podocyte because Rac1 was implicated in kidney diseases involving this cell. We found that ARF6 expression was enriched in human podocytes and that it modulated podocyte cytoskeletal dynamics through a functional interaction with nephrin, an intercellular junction protein necessary for podocyte injury-induced signaling requiring activation by tyrosine phosphorylation of its cytoplasmic domain. ARF6 was necessary for nephrin activation-induced ruffling and focal adhesion turnover, possibly by altering Rac1 activity. In podocyte-specific Arf6 (ARF6_PodKO) knockout mice, ARF6 deficiency did not result in a spontaneous kidney developmental phenotype or proteinuria after aging. However, ARF6_PodKO mice exhibited distinct phenotypes in two in vivo glomerular injury models. In the protamine sulfate perfusion model, which induced acute podocyte effacement, ARF6_PodKO mice were protected from podocyte effacement. In the nephrotoxic serum nephritis model, which induced immune-complex mediated injury, ARF6_PodKO mice exhibited aggravated proteinuria. Together, these observations suggest that while ARF6 is necessary for nephrin tyrosine phosphorylation-induced cytoskeletal dynamics in cultured podocytes, ARF6 has pleotropic podocyte roles in vivo, where glomerular injury-specific mechanisms might activate distinct signaling pathways that dictate whether ARF6 activity is beneficial or deleterious for maintaining the integrity of the glomerular filtration barrier.
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46
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Thom V, Arumugam TV, Magnus T, Gelderblom M. Therapeutic Potential of Intravenous Immunoglobulin in Acute Brain Injury. Front Immunol 2017; 8:875. [PMID: 28824617 PMCID: PMC5534474 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute ischemic and traumatic injury of the central nervous system (CNS) is known to induce a cascade of inflammatory events that lead to secondary tissue damage. In particular, the sterile inflammatory response in stroke has been intensively investigated in the last decade, and numerous experimental studies demonstrated the neuroprotective potential of a targeted modulation of the immune system. Among the investigated immunomodulatory agents, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) stand out due to their beneficial therapeutic potential in experimental stroke as well as several other experimental models of acute brain injuries, which are characterized by a rapidly evolving sterile inflammatory response, e.g., trauma, subarachnoid hemorrhage. IVIg are therapeutic preparations of polyclonal immunoglobulin G, extracted from the plasma of thousands of donors. In clinical practice, IVIg are the treatment of choice for diverse autoimmune diseases and various mechanisms of action have been proposed. Only recently, several experimental studies implicated a therapeutic potential of IVIg even in models of acute CNS injury, and suggested that the immune system as well as neuronal cells can directly be targeted by IVIg. This review gives further insight into the role of secondary inflammation in acute brain injury with an emphasis on stroke and investigates the therapeutic potential of IVIg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivien Thom
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thiruma V Arumugam
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tim Magnus
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mathias Gelderblom
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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47
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Jin J, Gong J, Lin B, Li Y, He Q. FcγRIIb expression on B cells is associated with treatment efficacy for acute rejection after kidney transplantation. Mol Immunol 2017; 85:283-292. [PMID: 28360016 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fcγ receptors (FcγR) play a role in the acute rejection (AR) of organ transplants. FcγRIIB is an inhibitory FcγR expressed on B cells. Intravenous IgG (IVIG) and CD28 monoclonal antibody (mAb) have been shown to have immunomodulatory properties against AR. AIM To examine the association between FcγRIIB expression on B cell subpopulations and AR treatment efficacy. METHODS Male F344 rats were used as kidney donors and Lewis rats as recipients to establish models of renal transplantation. Rats were divided into five groups: sham, AR-PBS, AR-IVIG, AR-PNGase F-IVIG, and AR-CD28. Serum creatinine (Scr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and urine protein content were determined. Inflammatory markers were measured by ELISA, FcγR by western blotting, and spleen B cell activation by flow cytometry. RESULTS Scr, BUN, urinary protein content, levels of CRP, IL-10, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, and IgG were all increased in the AR-PBS group compared with the sham group (all P<0.01); these increases were partly reversed in the AR-IVIG, AR-PNGase F IVIG, and AR-CD28 groups (all P<0.01), with IVIG showing the better efficacy than PNGase F IVIG. Furthermore, blood and spleen FcγRIA and FcγRIIIA were increased by AR, while FcγRIIB expressions in splenic activated B cells and regulatory B cells were decreased; these changes were partly alleviated by all three treatments, with IVIG having the better effect than PNGase F IVIG. CONCLUSION We observed an association between B cell FcγRIIB expression and treatment efficacy for AR after kidney transplantation in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Jin
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Zhejiang 310014, PR China; People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang 310014, PR China
| | - Jianguang Gong
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Zhejiang 310014, PR China; People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang 310014, PR China
| | - Bo Lin
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Zhejiang 310014, PR China; People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang 310014, PR China
| | - Yiwen Li
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Zhejiang 310014, PR China; People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang 310014, PR China
| | - Qiang He
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Zhejiang 310014, PR China; People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang 310014, PR China.
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Biermann MHC, Griffante G, Podolska MJ, Boeltz S, Stürmer J, Muñoz LE, Bilyy R, Herrmann M. Sweet but dangerous - the role of immunoglobulin G glycosylation in autoimmunity and inflammation. Lupus 2017; 25:934-42. [PMID: 27252272 DOI: 10.1177/0961203316640368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Glycosylation is well-known to modulate the functional capabilities of immunoglobulin G (IgG)-mediated cellular and humoral responses. Indeed, highly sialylated and desialylated IgG is endowed with anti- and pro-inflammatory activities, respectively, whereas fully deglycosylated IgG is a rather lame duck, with no effector function besides toxin neutralization. Recently, several studies revealed the impact of different glycosylation patterns on the Fc part and Fab fragment of IgG in several autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Here, we provide a synoptic update summarizing the most important aspects of antibody glycosylation, and the current progress in this field. We also discuss the therapeutic options generated by the modification of the glycosylation of IgG in a potential treatment for chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H C Biermann
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - G Griffante
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - M J Podolska
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - S Boeltz
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - J Stürmer
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - L E Muñoz
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - R Bilyy
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - M Herrmann
- Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
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49
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Modulating Antibody Functionality in Infectious Disease and Vaccination. Trends Mol Med 2016; 22:969-982. [PMID: 27756530 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Induction of pathogen-specific binding antibodies has long been considered a signature of protective immunity following vaccination and infection. The humoral immune response is a complex network of antibodies that target different specificities and drive different functions, collectively acting to limit and clear infection either directly, via pathogen neutralization, or indirectly, via pathogen clearance by the innate immune system. Emerging data suggest that not all antibody responses are equal, and qualitative features of antibodies may be key to defining protective immune profiles. Here, we review the most recent advances in our understanding of protective functional antibody responses in natural infection, vaccination, and monoclonal antibody therapeutics. Moreover, we highlight opportunities to augment or modulate antibody-mediated protection through enhancement of antibody functionality.
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50
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Gordan S, Biburger M, Nimmerjahn F. bIgG time for large eaters: monocytes and macrophages as effector and target cells of antibody-mediated immune activation and repression. Immunol Rev 2016; 268:52-65. [PMID: 26497512 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The mononuclear phagocytic system consists of a great variety of cell subsets localized throughout the body in immunological and non-immunological tissues. While one of their prime tasks is to detect, phagocytose, and kill intruding microorganisms, they are also involved in maintaining tissue homeostasis and immune tolerance toward self through removal of dying cells. Furthermore, monocytes and macrophages have been recognized to play a critical role for mediating immunoglobulin G (IgG)-dependent effector functions, including target cell depletion, tissue inflammation, and immunomodulation. For this, monocyte and macrophage populations are equipped with a complex set of Fc-receptors, enabling them to directly interact with pro- or anti-inflammatory IgG preparations. In this review, we will summarize the most recent findings, supporting a central role of monocytes and macrophages for pro- and anti-inflammatory IgG activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Gordan
- Department of Biology, Institute of Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus Biburger
- Department of Biology, Institute of Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Falk Nimmerjahn
- Department of Biology, Institute of Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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