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Schwartzman JD, McCall M, Ghattas Y, Pugazhendhi AS, Wei F, Ngo C, Ruiz J, Seal S, Coathup MJ. Multifunctional scaffolds for bone repair following age-related biological decline: Promising prospects for smart biomaterial-driven technologies. Biomaterials 2024; 311:122683. [PMID: 38954959 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
The repair of large bone defects due to trauma, disease, and infection can be exceptionally challenging in the elderly. Despite best clinical practice, bone regeneration within contemporary, surgically implanted synthetic scaffolds is often problematic, inconsistent, and insufficient where additional osteobiological support is required to restore bone. Emergent smart multifunctional biomaterials may drive important and dynamic cellular crosstalk that directly targets, signals, stimulates, and promotes an innate bone repair response following age-related biological decline and when in the presence of disease or infection. However, their role remains largely undetermined. By highlighting their mechanism/s and mode/s of action, this review spotlights smart technologies that favorably align in their conceivable ability to directly target and enhance bone repair and thus are highly promising for future discovery for use in the elderly. The four degrees of interactive scaffold smartness are presented, with a focus on bioactive, bioresponsive, and the yet-to-be-developed autonomous scaffold activity. Further, cell- and biomolecular-assisted approaches were excluded, allowing for contemporary examination of the capabilities, demands, vision, and future requisites of next-generation biomaterial-induced technologies only. Data strongly supports that smart scaffolds hold significant promise in the promotion of bone repair in patients with a reduced osteobiological response. Importantly, many techniques have yet to be tested in preclinical models of aging. Thus, greater clarity on their proficiency to counteract the many unresolved challenges within the scope of aging bone is highly warranted and is arguably the next frontier in the field. This review demonstrates that the use of multifunctional smart synthetic scaffolds with an engineered strategy to circumvent the biological insufficiencies associated with aging bone is a viable route for achieving next-generation therapeutic success in the elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Max McCall
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Yasmine Ghattas
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Abinaya Sindu Pugazhendhi
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA; Biionix Cluster, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Fei Wei
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA; Biionix Cluster, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Christopher Ngo
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA; Biionix Cluster, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Jonathan Ruiz
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Sudipta Seal
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA; Biionix Cluster, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA; Advanced Materials Processing and Analysis Centre, Nanoscience Technology Center (NSTC), Materials Science and Engineering, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, USA, Orlando, FL
| | - Melanie J Coathup
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA; Biionix Cluster, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA.
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Ham JR, Lee MK. Anti‑osteoclastogenic effect of fermented mealworm extract by inhibiting RANKL‑induced NFATc1 action. Exp Ther Med 2024; 27:130. [PMID: 38414787 PMCID: PMC10895579 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2024.12418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Augmented osteoclast activity and differentiation can lead to destructive bone diseases, such as arthritis and osteoporosis. Therefore, modulating osteoclastogenesis and differentiation may serve to be a possible strategy for treating such diseases. Tenebrio molitor larvae, also known as mealworms, are considered a good source of protein with nutritional value, digestibility, flavor and functional properties, such as antioxidant, anti-diabetic and anti-obesity effects. However, the role of mealworms in osteoclastogenesis remains poorly understood. The present study therefore investigated the effects of fermented mealworm extract (FME) on receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) whilst also attempting to understand the underlying mechanism, if any. The cells treated with RANKL were used as the negative control. To prepare FME, defatted mealworm powder was fermented with a Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain, and then extracted with fermented alcohol. Cell viability of BMMs isolated from 5-week-old Institute of Cancer Research mice was measured using Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. Subsequently, the effects of FME on osteoclast differentiation were measured using tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining. In addition, expression of markers associated with osteoclast differentiation was assessed by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Expression of nuclear factor of activated T-cells cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1) was assessed by western blotting. TRAP staining revealed that FME inhibited osteoclast differentiation in a dose-dependent manner (10-100 µg/ml) without causing cytotoxicity. Specifically, the formation of osteoclasts appear to have been suppressed by FME as indicated by the reduction in the number of TRAP-positive multinucleated cells observed. Furthermore, FME treatment significantly decreased the mRNA expression of c-Fos, whilst also significantly decreasing the expression of NFATc1 on both protein and mRNA levels. c-Fos and NFATc1 are transcription factors that can regulate osteoclast differentiation. FME treatment also reduced the expression of genes associated with osteoclast differentiation and function, including dendritic cell-specific transmembrane protein, osteoclast associated Ig-like receptor, Cathepsin K and TRAP, compared with that in the control group. Subsequently, FME was found to effectively suppress RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation compared with that by the non-fermented mealworm extract. These findings suggest that FME may confer anti-osteoclastogenic effects, providing insights into its potential application in treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Ri Ham
- Department of K-Gim Industry-Strategy, Mokpo Marine Food-Industry Research Center, Mokpo, Jeollanam-do 58621, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Kyung Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Jeollanam-do 57922, Republic of Korea
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Margetts TJ, Wang HS, Karnik SJ, Plotkin LI, Movila A, Oblak AL, Fehrenbacher JC, Kacena MA. From the Mind to the Spine: The Intersecting World of Alzheimer's and Osteoporosis. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2024; 22:152-164. [PMID: 38334917 PMCID: PMC10912148 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-023-00848-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This comprehensive review delves into the intricate interplay between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and osteoporosis, two prevalent conditions with significant implications for individuals' quality of life. The purpose is to explore their bidirectional association, underpinned by common pathological processes such as aging, genetic factors, inflammation, and estrogen deficiency. RECENT FINDINGS Recent advances have shown promise in treating both Alzheimer's disease (AD) and osteoporosis by targeting disease-specific proteins and bone metabolism regulators. Monoclonal antibodies against beta-amyloid and tau for AD, as well as RANKL and sclerostin for osteoporosis, have displayed therapeutic potential. Additionally, ongoing research has identified neuroinflammatory genes shared between AD and osteoporosis, offering insight into the interconnected inflammatory mechanisms. This knowledge opens avenues for innovative dual-purpose therapies that could address both conditions, potentially revolutionizing treatment approaches for AD and osteoporosis simultaneously. This review underscores the potential for groundbreaking advancements in early diagnosis and treatment by unraveling the intricate connection between AD and bone health. It advocates for a holistic, patient-centered approach to medical care that considers both cognitive and bone health, ultimately aiming to enhance the overall well-being of individuals affected by these conditions. This review article is part of a series of multiple manuscripts designed to determine the utility of using artificial intelligence for writing scientific reviews.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler J Margetts
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Hannah S Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Sonali J Karnik
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Lilian I Plotkin
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Alexandru Movila
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Comprehensive Care, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Adrian L Oblak
- Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Jill C Fehrenbacher
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
| | - Melissa A Kacena
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
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4
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Xu Y, Li X, Zhang S, Tang M, Yu R, Liao X, Li Z, Li M, Chen S, Qian W, Song L, Ke Z, Li J. CircMMP2(6,7) Cooperates with β-Catenin and PRMT5 to Disrupt Bone Homeostasis and Promote Breast Cancer Bone Metastasis. Cancer Res 2024; 84:328-343. [PMID: 37963200 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-23-1899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
The bone is the most common site of distant metastasis of breast cancer, which leads to serious skeletal complications and mortality. Understanding the mechanisms underlying breast cancer bone metastasis would provide potential strategies for the prevention and treatment of breast cancer bone metastasis. In this study, we identified a circular RNA that we named circMMP2(6,7) that was significantly upregulated in bone metastatic breast cancer tissues and correlated with breast cancer-bone metastasis. Upregulation of circMMP2(6,7) dramatically enhanced the metastatic capability of breast cancer cells to the bone via inducing bone metastatic niche formation by disrupting bone homeostasis. Mechanistically, circMMP2(6,7) specifically bound to the promoters of bone-remodeling factors calcium-binding protein S100A4 and carbohydrate-binding protein LGALS3 and formed a complex with β-catenin and arginine methyltransferase PRMT5, eliciting histone H3R2me1/H3R2me2s-induced transcriptional activation. Treatment with GSK591, a selective PRMT5 inhibitor, effectively inhibited circMMP2(6,7)/β-catenin/PRMT5 complex-induced breast cancer bone metastasis. These findings reveal a role for circMMP2(6,7) in bone homeostasis disruption and shed light on the mechanisms driving breast cancer bone metastasis. SIGNIFICANCE Upregulation of bone-remodeling factors S100A4 and LGALS3 mediated by a circMMP2(6,7)/β-catenin/PRMT5 complex generates a niche that supports breast cancer bone metastasis, identifying PRMT5 as a promising target for treating metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingru Xu
- Molecular Diagnosis and Gene Testing Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Medical College of Jiaying University, Meizhou, China
| | - Xincheng Li
- Molecular Diagnosis and Gene Testing Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuxia Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miaoling Tang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruyuan Yu
- Molecular Diagnosis and Gene Testing Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Medical College of Jiaying University, Meizhou, China
| | - Xinyi Liao
- Molecular Diagnosis and Gene Testing Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziwen Li
- Molecular Diagnosis and Gene Testing Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou, China
| | - Man Li
- Molecular Diagnosis and Gene Testing Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou, China
| | - Suwen Chen
- Molecular Diagnosis and Gene Testing Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanying Qian
- Molecular Diagnosis and Gene Testing Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou, China
| | - Libing Song
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zunfu Ke
- Molecular Diagnosis and Gene Testing Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Li
- Molecular Diagnosis and Gene Testing Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou, China
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Rubin MR, Dhaliwal R. Role of advanced glycation endproducts in bone fragility in type 1 diabetes. Bone 2024; 178:116928. [PMID: 37802378 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2023.116928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
The excess fracture risk observed in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) is inexplicable in the presence of only modest reductions in areal bone mineral density (BMD). Accumulation of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) in bone has been invoked as one explanation for the increased bone fragility in diabetes. The evidence linking AGEs and fractures in individuals with T1D is sparse, although the association has been observed in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Recent data show that in T1D, AGEs as measured by skin intrinsic fluorescence, are a risk factor for lower BMD. Further research in T1D is needed to ascertain whether there is a causal relationship between fractures and AGEs. If confirmed, this would pave the way for finding interventions that can slow AGE accumulation and thus reduce fractures in T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mishaela R Rubin
- Metabolic Bone Disease Unit, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, United States of America
| | - Ruban Dhaliwal
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, United States of America.
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6
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Yang S, He Z, Wu T, Wang S, Dai H. Glycobiology in osteoclast differentiation and function. Bone Res 2023; 11:55. [PMID: 37884496 PMCID: PMC10603120 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-023-00293-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycans, either alone or in complex with glycan-binding proteins, are essential structures that can regulate cell biology by mediating protein stability or receptor dimerization under physiological and pathological conditions. Certain glycans are ligands for lectins, which are carbohydrate-specific receptors. Bone is a complex tissue that provides mechanical support for muscles and joints, and the regulation of bone mass in mammals is governed by complex interplay between bone-forming cells, called osteoblasts, and bone-resorbing cells, called osteoclasts. Bone erosion occurs when bone resorption notably exceeds bone formation. Osteoclasts may be activated during cancer, leading to a range of symptoms, including bone pain, fracture, and spinal cord compression. Our understanding of the role of protein glycosylation in cells and tissues involved in osteoclastogenesis suggests that glycosylation-based treatments can be used in the management of diseases. The aims of this review are to clarify the process of bone resorption and investigate the signaling pathways mediated by glycosylation and their roles in osteoclast biology. Moreover, we aim to outline how the lessons learned about these approaches are paving the way for future glycobiology-focused therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shufa Yang
- Prenatal Diagnostic Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Ziyi He
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Tuo Wu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Shunlei Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Hui Dai
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Zhou J, Liu S, Bi S, Kong W, Qian R, Xie X, Zeng M, Jiang X, Liao Z, Shuai M, Liu W, Cheng L, Wu M. The RAGE signaling in osteoporosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115044. [PMID: 37354815 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP), characterized by an imbalance of bone remodeling between formation and resorption, has become a health issue worldwide. The receptor for advanced glycation end product (RAGE), a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobin family, has multiple ligands and has been involved in many chronic diseases, such as diabetes and OP. Increasing evidence shows that activation of the RAGE signaling negatively affects bone remodeling. Ligands, such as advanced glycation end products (AGEs), S100, β-amyloid (Aβ), and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), have been well documented that they may negatively regulate the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts and positively stimulate osteoclastogenesis by activating the expression of RAGE. In this review, we comprehensively discuss the structure of RAGE and its biological functions in the pathogenesis of OP. The research findings suggest that RAGE signaling has become a potential target for the therapeutic management of OP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Zhou
- Department of Joint Surgery, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou 341000, China.
| | - Shiwei Liu
- Department of Joint Surgery, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Shengrong Bi
- Department of Joint Surgery, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Weihao Kong
- Department of Joint Surgery, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Rui Qian
- Department of Joint Surgery, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Xunlu Xie
- Department of Pathology, Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Ming Zeng
- Department of Orthopedics, Ruijin Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Ruijin 342500, China
| | - Xiaowei Jiang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Ningdu County People's Hospital, Ningdu 342800, China
| | - Zhibin Liao
- Department of Joint Surgery, Ningdu County People's Hospital, Ningdu 342800, China
| | - Ming Shuai
- Department of Orthopedics, Chongyi County People's Hospital, Chongyi 341300, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Ningdu County Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Ningdu 342800, China
| | - Long Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Ningdu County Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Ningdu 342800, China
| | - Moujian Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xingguo County Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Xingguo 342400, China
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8
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Huang SE, Kuo CH, Shiao SY, Shen CR, Lee FT, Chang BI, Hsu JH, Wu HL, Yeh JL, Lai CH. Soluble CD93 lectin-like domain sequesters HMGB1 to ameliorate inflammatory diseases. Theranostics 2023; 13:4059-4078. [PMID: 37554277 PMCID: PMC10405849 DOI: 10.7150/thno.84935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: CD93, a C-type lectin-like transmembrane glycoprotein, can be shed in a soluble form (sCD93) upon inflammatory stimuli. sCD93 effectively enhances apoptotic cell clearance and has been proposed as an inflammatory disease biomarker. The function of sCD93 involved directly in inflammation remains to be determined. Herein, we attempted to examine the hypothesis that sCD93 might sequester proinflammatory high-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1), exerting anti-inflammatory properties. Methods: Different forms of soluble recombinant human CD93 (rCD93) were prepared by a mammalian protein expression system. rCD93-HMGB1 interaction was assessed using co-immunoprecipitation and solid-phase binding assays. Effects of soluble rCD93 were evaluated in HMGB1-induced macrophage and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) activation and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis, CaCl2-induced and angiotensin II-infused abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) formation and ovariectomized-induced osteoporosis in mice. Results: Protein binding studies revealed that soluble rCD93, via the lectin-like domain (D1), can bind to HMGB1 and intercept HMGB1-receptor interaction. Soluble rCD93 containing D1 inhibited HMGB1-induced proinflammatory cytokine production and intracellular mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation in macrophages and VSMCs, thereby attenuating CaCl2-induced and angiotensin II-infused AAA models. During osteoclastogenesis, RANKL stimulated HMGB1 secretion that promoted RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis in return. Soluble rCD93 containing D1 impeded RANKL-induced osteoclastogenic marker gene expression and intracellular MAPK/NF-κB signaling, thereby mitigating ovariectomized-induced osteoporosis. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate the therapeutic potential of soluble recombinant CD93 containing D1 in inflammatory diseases. Our study highlights a novel anti-inflammatory mechanism, i.e., sequestration of HMGB1, through which sCD93 prevents HMGB1-receptor interaction on effector cells and alleviates inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-En Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsiang Kuo
- International Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Si-Yu Shiao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Cardiovascular Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Rui Shen
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Tzu Lee
- Cardiovascular Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Bi-Ing Chang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Cardiovascular Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jong-Hau Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hua-Lin Wu
- International Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Cardiovascular Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jwu-Lai Yeh
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Han Lai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Cardiovascular Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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9
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Reynaert NL, Vanfleteren LEGW, Perkins TN. The AGE-RAGE Axis and the Pathophysiology of Multimorbidity in COPD. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12103366. [PMID: 37240472 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12103366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a disease of the airways and lungs due to an enhanced inflammatory response, commonly caused by cigarette smoking. Patients with COPD are often multimorbid, as they commonly suffer from multiple chronic (inflammatory) conditions. This intensifies the burden of individual diseases, negatively affects quality of life, and complicates disease management. COPD and comorbidities share genetic and lifestyle-related risk factors and pathobiological mechanisms, including chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is an important driver of chronic inflammation. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are RAGE ligands that accumulate due to aging, inflammation, oxidative stress, and carbohydrate metabolism. AGEs cause further inflammation and oxidative stress through RAGE, but also through RAGE-independent mechanisms. This review describes the complexity of RAGE signaling and the causes of AGE accumulation, followed by a comprehensive overview of alterations reported on AGEs and RAGE in COPD and in important co-morbidities. Furthermore, it describes the mechanisms by which AGEs and RAGE contribute to the pathophysiology of individual disease conditions and how they execute crosstalk between organ systems. A section on therapeutic strategies that target AGEs and RAGE and could alleviate patients from multimorbid conditions using single therapeutics concludes this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niki L Reynaert
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Lowie E G W Vanfleteren
- COPD Center, Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Timothy N Perkins
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
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10
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Cavati G, Pirrotta F, Merlotti D, Ceccarelli E, Calabrese M, Gennari L, Mingiano C. Role of Advanced Glycation End-Products and Oxidative Stress in Type-2-Diabetes-Induced Bone Fragility and Implications on Fracture Risk Stratification. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040928. [PMID: 37107303 PMCID: PMC10135862 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and osteoporosis (OP) are major causes of morbidity and mortality that have arelevant health and economic burden. Recent epidemiological evidence suggests that both of these disorders are often associated with each other and that T2D patients have an increased risk of fracture, making bone an additional target of diabetes. As occurs for other diabetic complications, the increased accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) and oxidative stress represent the major mechanisms explaining bone fragility in T2D. Both of these conditions directly and indirectly (through the promotion of microvascular complications) impair the structural ductility of bone and negatively affect bone turnover, leading to impaired bone quality, rather than decreased bone density. This makes diabetes-induced bone fragility remarkably different from other forms of OP and represents a major challenge for fracture risk stratification, since either the measurement of BMD or the use of common diagnostic algorithms for OP have a poor predictive value. We review and discuss the role of AGEs and oxidative stress on the pathophysiology of bone fragility in T2D, providing some indications on how to improve fracture risk prediction in T2D patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Cavati
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Filippo Pirrotta
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Daniela Merlotti
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Elena Ceccarelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Marco Calabrese
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Luigi Gennari
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Christian Mingiano
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
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11
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Hatch JM, Segvich DM, Kohler R, Wallace JM. Skeletal manifestations in a streptozotocin-induced C57BL/6 model of Type 1 diabetes. Bone Rep 2022; 17:101609. [PMID: 35941910 PMCID: PMC9356200 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2022.101609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disease which profoundly affects many organ systems in the body, including the skeleton. As is often the case with biology, there are inherent differences between the sexes when considering skeletal development and disease progression and outcome. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop a protocol to reliably induce diabetes in both sexes of the C57BL/6 mouse utilizing streptozotocin (STZ) and to characterize the resulting bone phenotype. We hypothesized that destruction of the β-cells in the pancreatic islet by STZ would result in a diabetic state with downstream skeletal manifestations. Beginning at 8 weeks of age, mice were injected for 5 consecutive days with STZ (65 mg/kg males, 90 mg/kg females) dissolved in a citrate buffer. The diabetic state of the mice was monitored for 5 weeks to ensure persistent hyperglycemia and mice were euthanized at 15 weeks of age. Diabetes was confirmed through blood glucose monitoring, glucose and insulin tolerance testing, HbA1c measurement, and histological staining of the pancreas. The resulting bone phenotype was characterized using microcomputed tomography to assess bone structure, and whole bone mechanical testing to assess bone functional integrity. Mice from both sexes experienced loss of β-cell mass and increased glycation of hemoglobin, as well as reduced trabecular thickness and trabecular tissues mineral density (TMD), and reduced cortical thickness and cortical bone area fraction. In female mice the change area fraction was driven by a reduction in overall bone size while in male mice, the change was driven by increased marrow area. Males also experienced reduced cortical TMD. Mechanical bending tests of the tibiae showed significant results in females with a reduction in yield force and ultimate force driving lower work to yield and total work and a roughly 40 % reduction of stiffness. When tissue level parameters were estimated using beam theory, there was a significant reduction in yield and ultimate stresses as well as elastic modulus. The previously reported mechanistic similarity in the action of STZ on murine animals, as well as the ease of STZ administration via IP injection make this model is a strong candidate for future exploration of osteoporotic bone disease, Diabetes Mellitus, and the link between estrogen and glucose sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M. Hatch
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University at Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Dyann M. Segvich
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University at Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Rachel Kohler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University at Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Joseph M. Wallace
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University at Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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12
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Zhang Z, Zhang Z, Pei L, Zhang X, Li B, Meng Y, Zhou X. How high-fat diet affects bone in mice: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev 2022; 23:e13493. [PMID: 35822276 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD) feeding for mice is commonly used to model obesity. However, conflicting results have been reported on the relationship between HFD and bone mass. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we synthesized data from 80 articles to determine the alterations in cortical and trabecular bone mass of femur, tibia, and vertebrae in C57BL/6 mice after HFD. Overall, we detected decreased trabecular bone mass as well as deteriorated architecture, in femur and tibia of HFD treated mice. The vertebral trabecula was also impaired, possibly due to its reshaping into a more fragmentized pattern. In addition, pooled cortical thickness declined in femur, tibia, and vertebrae. Combined with changes in other cortical parameters, HFD could lead to a larger femoral bone marrow cavity, and a thinner and more fragile cortex. Moreover, we conducted subgroup analyses to explore the influence of mice's sex and age as well as HFD's ingredients and intervention period. Based on our data, male mice or mice aged 6-12 weeks old are relatively susceptible to HFD. HFD with > 50% of energy from fats and intervention time of 10 weeks to 5 months are more likely to induce skeletal alterations. Altogether, these findings supported HFD as an appropriate model for obesity-associated bone loss and can guide future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanrong Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Pei
- Department of Emergency, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaozhou Zhang
- College of Letters & Science, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Boyuan Li
- Fountain Valley School of Colorado, Colorado Springs, Colorado, USA
| | - Yichen Meng
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuhui Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University (Naval Medical University), Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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13
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Stephen SJ, Bailey S, D'Erminio DN, Krishnamoorthy D, Iatridis JC, Vashishth D. Bone matrix quality in a developing high-fat diet mouse model is altered by RAGE deletion. Bone 2022; 162:116470. [PMID: 35718325 PMCID: PMC9296598 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2022.116470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Overweightness and obesity in adolescents are epidemics linked to chronic low-grade inflammation and elevated fracture risk. The increased fracture risk observed in overweight/obese adolescence contrasts the traditional concept that high body mass is protective against fracture, and thus highlights the need to determine why weight gain becomes detrimental to fracture during growth and maturity. The Receptor for Advanced Glycation End products (RAGE) is a central inflammatory regulator that can influence bone metabolism. It remains unknown how RAGE removal impacts skeletal fragility in overweightness/obesity, and whether increased fracture risk in adolescents could result from low-grade inflammation deteriorating bone quality. We characterized the multiscale structural, mechanical, and chemical properties of tibiae extracted from adolescent C57BL/6J (WT) and RAGE null (KO) mice fed either low-fat (LF) or high-fat (HF) diet for 12 weeks starting at 6 weeks of age using micro-computed tomography, strength, Raman spectroscopy, and nanoindentation. Overweight/obese WT HF mice possessed degraded mineral-crystal quality and increased matrix glycoxidation in the form of pentosidine and carboxymethyl-lysine, with HF diet in females only showing reduced cortical surface expansion and TMD independently of RAGE ablation. Furthermore, in contrast to males, HF diet in females led to more material damage and plastic deformation. RAGE KO mitigated glycoxidative matrix accumulation, preserved mineral quantity, and led to increased E/H ratio in females. Taken together, these results highlight the complex, multi-scale and sex-dependent relationships between bone quality and function under overweightness, and identifies RAGE-controlled glycoxidation as a target to potentially preserve matrix quality and mechanical integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel J Stephen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Stacyann Bailey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA
| | - Danielle N D'Erminio
- Leni and Peter W. May Department of Orthopaedics, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Divya Krishnamoorthy
- Leni and Peter W. May Department of Orthopaedics, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - James C Iatridis
- Leni and Peter W. May Department of Orthopaedics, Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Deepak Vashishth
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, USA.
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14
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Papachristou S, Rizzo M, Papanas N. Advanced Glycation End Products: Do They Impair Bone Health in Diabetes? Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2022; 130:636-637. [PMID: 35977693 DOI: 10.1055/a-1903-1752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
In diabetes mellitus (DM), there is increased formation and accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which represent a heterogeneous class of molecules produced by non-enzymatic glycation of various molecules during long-term hyperglycaemia. Several studies have examined the role of AGEs in DM complications. Accumulating evidence suggests that AGEs affect bone metabolism. New knowledge indicates that they may play a role in bone disease among DM subjects. More data are now needed to clarify their role and to explore new AGEs-based therapeutic options for optimal bone health in DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Papachristou
- Diabetes Centre-Diabetic Foot Clinic, Second Department of Internal Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Manfredi Rizzo
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infantile Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (Promise), School of Medicine, University of Palermo, Italy
| | - Nikolaos Papanas
- Diabetes Centre-Diabetic Foot Clinic, Second Department of Internal Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Greece
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15
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D’Erminio DN, Krishnamoorthy D, Lai A, Hoy RC, Natelson DM, Poeran J, Torres A, Laudier DM, Nasser P, Vashishth D, Illien-Jünger S, Iatridis JC. High fat diet causes inferior vertebral structure and function without disc degeneration in RAGE-KO mice. J Orthop Res 2022; 40:1672-1686. [PMID: 34676612 PMCID: PMC9021327 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Back pain and spinal pathologies are associated with obesity in juveniles and adults, yet studies identifying causal relationships are lacking and none investigate sex differences. This study determined if high fat (HF) diet causes structural and functional changes to vertebrae and intervertebral discs (IVDs); if these changes are modulated in mice with systematic ablation for the receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE-KO); and if these changes are sex-dependent. Wild-type (WT) and RAGE-KO mice were fed a low fat (LF) or HF diet for 12 weeks starting at 6 weeks, representing the juvenile population. HF diet led to weight/fat gain, glucose intolerance, and increased cytokine levels (IL-5, MIG, and RANTES); with less fat gain in RAGE-KO females. Most importantly, HF diet reduced vertebral trabecular bone volume fraction and compressive and shear moduli, without a modifying effect of RAGE-KO, but with a more pronounced effect in females. HF diet caused reduced cortical area fraction only in WT males. Neither HF diet nor RAGE-KO affected IVD degeneration grade. Biomechanical properties of coccygeal motion segments were affected by RAGE-KO but not diet, with some interactions identified. In conclusion, HF diet resulted in inferior vertebral structure and function with some sex differences, no IVD degeneration, and few modifying effects of RAGE-KO. These structural and functional deficiencies with HF diet provide further evidence that diet can affect spinal structures and may increase the risk for spinal injury and degeneration with aging and additional stressors. Back pain and spinal pathologies are associated with obesity in juveniles and adults, yet studies identifying causal relationships are lacking and none investigate sex differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle N D’Erminio
- Leni & Peter W. May Dept. of Orthopaedics, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY,Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of New York at CUNY, NY, NY
| | - Divya Krishnamoorthy
- Leni & Peter W. May Dept. of Orthopaedics, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY,3DBio Therapeutics, New York, NY
| | - Alon Lai
- Leni & Peter W. May Dept. of Orthopaedics, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY
| | - Robert C Hoy
- Leni & Peter W. May Dept. of Orthopaedics, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY
| | - Devorah M Natelson
- Leni & Peter W. May Dept. of Orthopaedics, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY
| | - Jashvant Poeran
- Dept. of Population Health Science & Policy, and Medicine, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY
| | - Andrew Torres
- Leni & Peter W. May Dept. of Orthopaedics, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY
| | - Damien M Laudier
- Leni & Peter W. May Dept. of Orthopaedics, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY
| | - Philip Nasser
- Leni & Peter W. May Dept. of Orthopaedics, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY
| | - Deepak Vashishth
- Ctr. for Biotechnology & Interdisciplinary Studies, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY
| | - Svenja Illien-Jünger
- Leni & Peter W. May Dept. of Orthopaedics, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY,Emory University School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedics, Atlanta, GA
| | - James C Iatridis
- Leni & Peter W. May Dept. of Orthopaedics, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY,Corresponding author: James C. Iatridis, PhD, Leni & Peter W. May Dept. of Orthopaedics, One Gustave Levy Place, Box 1188, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, NY, NY 10029, Tel: +1-212-241-1517,
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16
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Cheng K, Guo Q, Yang W, Wang Y, Sun Z, Wu H. Mapping Knowledge Landscapes and Emerging Trends of the Links Between Bone Metabolism and Diabetes Mellitus: A Bibliometric Analysis From 2000 to 2021. Front Public Health 2022; 10:918483. [PMID: 35719662 PMCID: PMC9204186 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.918483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundDiabetes mellitus (DM) have become seriously threatens to human health and life quality worldwide. As a systemic metabolic disease, multiple studies have revealed that DM is related to metabolic bone diseases and always induces higher risk of fracture. In view of this, the links between bone metabolism (BM) and DM (BMDM) have gained much attention and numerous related papers have been published. Nevertheless, no prior studies have yet been performed to analyze the field of BMDM research through bibliometric approach. To fill this knowledge gap, we performed a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of the global scientific publications in this field.MethodsArticles and reviews regarding BMDM published between 2000 and 2021 were obtained from the Web of Science after manually screening. VOSviewer 1.6.16, CiteSpace V 5.8.R3, Bibliometrix, and two online analysis platforms were used to conduct the bibliometric and visualization analyses.ResultsA total of 2,525 documents including 2,255 articles and 270 reviews were retrieved. Our analysis demonstrated a steady increasing trend in the number of publications over the past 22 years (R2 = 0.989). The United States has occupied the leading position with the largest outputs and highest H-index. University of California San Francisco contributed the most publications, and Schwartz AV was the most influential author. Collaboration among institutions from different countries was relatively few. The journals that published the most BMDM-related papers were Bone and Osteoporosis International. Osteoporosis and related fractures are the main bone metabolic diseases of greatest concern in this field. According to co-cited references result, “high glucose environment,” “glycation end-product” and “sodium-glucose co-transporter” have been recognized as the current research focus in this domain. The keywords co-occurrence analysis indicated that “diabetic osteoporosis,” “osteoarthritis,” “fracture risk,” “meta-analysis,” “osteogenic differentiation,” “bone regeneration,” “osteogenesis,” and “trabecular bone score” might remain the research hotspots and frontiers in the near future.ConclusionAs a cross-discipline research field, the links between bone metabolism and diabetes mellitus are attracting increased attention. Osteoporosis and related fractures are the main bone metabolic diseases of greatest concern in this field. These insights may be helpful for clinicians to recognize diabetic osteopenia and provide more attention and support to such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunming Cheng
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Kunming Cheng
| | - Qiang Guo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Baodi Clinical College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Weiguang Yang
- Graduate School of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yulin Wang
- Graduate School of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zaijie Sun
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China
- *Correspondence: Zaijie Sun
| | - Haiyang Wu
- Graduate School of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Clinical College of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Neurorehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Haiyang Wu
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17
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Cheng Y, Liu P, Xiang Q, Liang J, Chen H, Zhang H, Yang L. Glucagon-like peptide-1 attenuates diabetes-associated osteoporosis in ZDF rat, possibly through the RAGE pathway. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022; 23:465. [PMID: 35581617 PMCID: PMC9112483 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-022-05396-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetes-associated osteoporosis are partly caused by accumulation of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs). Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) has been shown to regulate bone turnover. Here we explore whether GLP-1 receptor agonist (GLP1RA) can have a beneficial effect on bone in diabetes by ameliorating AGEs. Methods In the present study, we evaluated the effects of the GLP-1 receptor agonist liraglutide, insulin and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor saxagliptin on Zucker diabetic fatty rats. Meanwhile, we observed the effect of GLP-1 on AGEs-mediated osteoblast proliferation and differentiation and the signal pathway. Results Liraglutide prevented the deterioration of trabecular microarchitecture and enhanced bone strength. Moreover, it increased serum Alpl, Ocn and P1NP levels and decreased serum CTX. In vitro we confirmed that GLP-1 could attenuate AGEs-mediated damage in osteogenic proliferation and differentiation. Besides, GLP-1 down-regulated the ROS that caused by AGEs and the mRNA and protein expression of Rage . Conclusions Altogether, our findings suggest that GLP-1 receptor agonist promotes osteoblastogenesis and suppresses bone resorption on obese type 2 diabetic rats to a certain degree. The mechanism of these effects may be partly mediated by AGEs-RAGE-ROS pathway via the interaction with GLP-1 receptor. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12891-022-05396-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanzhen Cheng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhujiang Hospital, the Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhujiang Hospital, the Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianru Xiang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhujiang Hospital, the Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiamin Liang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhujiang Hospital, the Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Huafeng Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhujiang Hospital, the Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhujiang Hospital, the Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Nutrition, Zhujiang Hospital, the Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Luo J, Wang S, Liu X, Zheng Q, Wang Z, Huang Y, Shi J. Galectin-3 promotes calcification of human aortic valve interstitial cells via the NF-kappa B signaling pathway. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2022; 12:196-207. [PMID: 35433352 PMCID: PMC9011093 DOI: 10.21037/cdt-21-506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is an active pathobiological process that takes place at the cellular and molecular levels. It involves fibrosis and calcification of aortic valve leaflets, which eventually contributes to heart failure. Galectin-3 (Gal-3), a β-galactoside-binding lectin, is involved in myocardial fibrosis and remodeling. Our study aimed to explore how Gal-3 promoted the osteogenic differentiation of human aortic valve interstitial cells (hVICs) along with elucidating the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS To determine the Gal-3 expression in this study, we included the blood samples and aortic valves (AVs) from patients with CAVD (n=20) and normal controls (n=20). The hVICs were stimulated by Osteogenic medium (OM) and were treated with or without recombinant human Gal-3. Calcified transformation of hVICs was assessed by Alizarin Red S staining and osteogenic gene/protein expression. RNA-sequencing was performed for all different treatments to investigate differentially expressed genes (DEGs) along with exploring the enriched pathways for potential molecular targets of Gal-3. The targets were further detected using Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS Gal-3 levels were found to be significantly increased in CAVD patients. Treatment of valve interstitial cells (VICs) with Gal-3 led to a marked increase in Runx2 and ALP-mRNA/protein expression levels as well as calcification. Gene expression profiles of hVICs cultured with or without Gal-3 revealed 79 upregulated genes and 82 down-regulated genes, which were highly enriched in TNF and NF-κB signaling pathways. Furthermore, Gal-3 could activate the phosphorylation of IκBα and interfere with the translocation of p65 into the cell nucleus of hVICs. However, inhibition of this pathway can suppress the osteogenic differentiation by Gal-3. CONCLUSIONS Gal-3 acts as a positive regulator of osteogenic differentiation by activating the NF-κB signaling pathway in hVICs. Our findings provide novel mechanistic insights into the critical role of Gal-3 in the CAVD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Luo
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wuhan Children’s Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiang Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhijie Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuming Huang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiawei Shi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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19
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Teissier T, Temkin V, Pollak RD, Cox LS. Crosstalk Between Senescent Bone Cells and the Bone Tissue Microenvironment Influences Bone Fragility During Chronological Age and in Diabetes. Front Physiol 2022; 13:812157. [PMID: 35388291 PMCID: PMC8978545 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.812157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone is a complex organ serving roles in skeletal support and movement, and is a source of blood cells including adaptive and innate immune cells. Structural and functional integrity is maintained through a balance between bone synthesis and bone degradation, dependent in part on mechanical loading but also on signaling and influences of the tissue microenvironment. Bone structure and the extracellular bone milieu change with age, predisposing to osteoporosis and increased fracture risk, and this is exacerbated in patients with diabetes. Such changes can include loss of bone mineral density, deterioration in micro-architecture, as well as decreased bone flexibility, through alteration of proteinaceous bone support structures, and accumulation of senescent cells. Senescence is a state of proliferation arrest accompanied by marked morphological and metabolic changes. It is driven by cellular stress and serves an important acute tumor suppressive mechanism when followed by immune-mediated senescent cell clearance. However, aging and pathological conditions including diabetes are associated with accumulation of senescent cells that generate a pro-inflammatory and tissue-destructive secretome (the SASP). The SASP impinges on the tissue microenvironment with detrimental local and systemic consequences; senescent cells are thought to contribute to the multimorbidity associated with advanced chronological age. Here, we assess factors that promote bone fragility, in the context both of chronological aging and accelerated aging in progeroid syndromes and in diabetes, including senescence-dependent alterations in the bone tissue microenvironment, and glycation changes to the tissue microenvironment that stimulate RAGE signaling, a process that is accelerated in diabetic patients. Finally, we discuss therapeutic interventions targeting RAGE signaling and cell senescence that show promise in improving bone health in older people and those living with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibault Teissier
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Vladislav Temkin
- Division of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rivka Dresner Pollak
- Division of Medicine, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Lynne S. Cox
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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20
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Serial Passaging of RAW 264.7 Cells Modulates Intracellular AGE Formation and Downregulates RANKL-Induced In Vitro Osteoclastogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042371. [PMID: 35216486 PMCID: PMC8877082 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The passage number of cells refers to the number of subculturing processes that the cells have undergone. The effect of passage number on morphological and phenotypical characteristics of cells is of great importance. Advanced glycation end products have also been associated with cell functionality and characteristics. Murine monocyte RAW 264.7 cells differentiate into osteoclasts upon receptor activation caused by nuclear factor-kappa-Β ligand (RANKL) treatment. This study aims to identify the role of passage number on intracellular advanced glycation end products (AGEs) formation and osteoclastogenic differentiation of RAW 264.7 cells. Western blotting was performed to check intracellular AGE formation along with fluorometric analysis using a microplate reader. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining was performed to check osteoclastogenic differentiation, and qPCR was realized to check the responsible mRNA expression. Immunofluorescence was used to check the morphological changes. Intracellular AGE formation was increased with passaging, and the higher passage number inhibited multinucleated osteoclastogenic differentiation. Osteoclastogenic gene expression also showed a reducing trend in higher passages, along with a significant reduction in F-actin ring size and number. Lower passages should be used to avoid the effects of cell subculturing in in vitro osteoclastogenesis study using RAW 264.7 cells.
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21
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Li M, Ong CY, Langouët-Astrié CJ, Tan L, Verma A, Yang Y, Zhang X, Shah DK, Schmidt EP, Xu D. Heparan sulfate-dependent RAGE oligomerization is indispensable for pathophysiological functions of RAGE. eLife 2022; 11:e71403. [PMID: 35137686 PMCID: PMC8863369 DOI: 10.7554/elife.71403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
RAGE, a druggable inflammatory receptor, is known to function as an oligomer but the exact oligomerization mechanism remains poorly understood. Previously we have shown that heparan sulfate (HS) plays an active role in RAGE oligomerization. To understand the physiological significance of HS-induced RAGE oligomerization in vivo, we generated RAGE knock-in mice (AgerAHA/AHA) by introducing point mutations to specifically disrupt HS-RAGE interaction. The RAGE mutant demonstrated normal ligand-binding but impaired capacity of HS-binding and oligomerization. Remarkably, AgerAHA/AHA mice phenocopied Ager-/- mice in two different pathophysiological processes, namely bone remodeling and neutrophil-mediated liver injury, which demonstrates that HS-induced RAGE oligomerization is essential for RAGE signaling. Our findings suggest that it should be possible to block RAGE signaling by inhibiting HS-RAGE interaction. To test this, we generated a monoclonal antibody that targets the HS-binding site of RAGE. This antibody blocks RAGE signaling in vitro and in vivo, recapitulating the phenotype of AgerAHA/AHA mice. By inhibiting HS-RAGE interaction genetically and pharmacologically, our work validated an alternative strategy to antagonize RAGE. Finally, we have performed RNA-seq analysis of neutrophils and lungs and found that while Ager-/- mice had a broad alteration of transcriptome in both tissues compared to wild-type mice, the changes of transcriptome in AgerAHA/AHA mice were much more restricted. This unexpected finding suggests that by preserving the expression of RAGE protein (in a dominant-negative form), AgerAHA/AHA mouse might represent a cleaner genetic model to study physiological roles of RAGE in vivo compared to Ager-/- mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Li
- Department of Oral Biology, University at Buffalo, State University of New YorkBuffaloUnited States
| | - Chih Yean Ong
- Department of Oral Biology, University at Buffalo, State University of New YorkBuffaloUnited States
| | - Christophe J Langouët-Astrié
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraUnited States
| | - Lisi Tan
- Department of Oral Biology, University at Buffalo, State University of New YorkBuffaloUnited States
- Department of Periodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical UniversityShenyangChina
| | - Ashwni Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New YorkBuffaloUnited States
| | - Yimu Yang
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraUnited States
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhang
- Department of Oral Biology, University at Buffalo, State University of New YorkBuffaloUnited States
| | - Dhaval K Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New YorkBuffaloUnited States
| | - Eric P Schmidt
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraUnited States
| | - Ding Xu
- Department of Oral Biology, University at Buffalo, State University of New YorkBuffaloUnited States
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22
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Kim JE, Man PP, Jang S, Yi HK. Nasal obstruction promotes alveolar bone destruction in the juvenile rat model. J Dent Sci 2022; 17:176-183. [PMID: 35028036 PMCID: PMC8739328 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2021.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Nasal obstruction leads to oral breathing and consequently hypoxia. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of hypoxia on inflammatory response and the effect on alveolar bone development in a rat model in which mouth breathing was induced by nasal obstruction. Materials and methods Unilateral nasal obstruction was performed by injecting a Merocel sponge into the nasal cavity of 8-week-old Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. After 3 and 6 weeks of nasal obstruction, rats were sacrificed, the organs were weighed, and the changes in mandibular bone quality were examined by micro-computed tomography (μ-CT). The stereomicroscope was used for the morphological analysis of alveolar bone loss in response to nasal obstruction. Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemical staining were employed to examine inflammation and bone remodeling induced by hypoxia. Results Nasal obstruction led to a delay in overall growth and organ development. The bone mineral density (BMD) and bone volume/total volume (BV/TV) of the mandible were reduced due to nasal obstruction, and the loss of the alveolar bone was confirmed morphologically. Our nasal obstruction method was observed to be successful in inducing hypoxia along with an increase in hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-α). Oral hypoxia induced by nasal obstruction increased inflammatory response, and increased expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL) led to bone destruction. Conclusion This study demonstrated that nasal obstruction induced mouth breathing led to hypoxia in a rat model. Under hypoxic conditions, an increase in osteoclast differentiation induced by activation of the inflammatory pathway causes destructive changes in the alveolar bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Eun Kim
- Departments of Oral Biochemistry, Institute of Oral Bioscience, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Pradhan Paras Man
- Departments of Oral Biochemistry, Institute of Oral Bioscience, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Sungil Jang
- Departments of Oral Biochemistry, Institute of Oral Bioscience, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Ho-Keun Yi
- Departments of Oral Biochemistry, Institute of Oral Bioscience, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
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23
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Chen W, Mao M, Fang J, Xie Y, Rui Y. Fracture risk assessment in diabetes mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:961761. [PMID: 36120431 PMCID: PMC9479173 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.961761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that diabetes mellitus is associated with an increased risk of fracture. Bone intrinsic factors (such as accumulation of glycation end products, low bone turnover, and bone microstructural changes) and extrinsic factors (such as hypoglycemia caused by treatment, diabetes peripheral neuropathy, muscle weakness, visual impairment, and some hypoglycemic agents affecting bone metabolism) probably contribute to damage of bone strength and the increased risk of fragility fracture. Traditionally, bone mineral density (BMD) measured by dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is considered to be the gold standard for assessing osteoporosis. However, it cannot fully capture the changes in bone strength and often underestimates the risk of fracture in diabetes. The fracture risk assessment tool is easy to operate, giving it a certain edge in assessing fracture risk in diabetes. However, some parameters need to be regulated or replaced to improve the sensitivity of the tool. Trabecular bone score, a noninvasive tool, indirectly evaluates bone microstructure by analyzing the texture sparsity of trabecular bone, which is based on the pixel gray level of DXA. Trabecular bone score combined with BMD can effectively improve the prediction ability of fracture risk. Quantitative computed tomography is another noninvasive examination of bone microstructure. High-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography can measure volume bone mineral density. Quantitative computed tomography combined with microstructure finite element analysis can evaluate the mechanical properties of bones. Considering the invasive nature, the use of microindentation and histomorphometry is limited in clinical settings. Some studies found that the changes in bone turnover markers in diabetes might be associated with fracture risk, but further studies are needed to confirm this. This review focused on summarizing the current development of these assessment tools in diabetes so as to provide references for clinical practice. Moreover, these tools can reduce the occurrence of fragility fractures in diabetes through early detection and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Wuxi No.9 People’s Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi, China
| | - Min Mao
- Department of Endocrinology, Wuxi No.9 People’s Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi, China
- *Correspondence: Min Mao,
| | - Jin Fang
- Department of Endocrinology, Wuxi No.9 People’s Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yikai Xie
- Department of Endocrinology, Wuxi No.9 People’s Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yongjun Rui
- Department of Orthopeadics Surgery, Wuxi No.9 People’s Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi, China
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24
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Khosla S, Samakkarnthai P, Monroe DG, Farr JN. Update on the pathogenesis and treatment of skeletal fragility in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2021; 17:685-697. [PMID: 34518671 PMCID: PMC8605611 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-021-00555-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Fracture risk is increased in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In addition, these patients sustain fractures despite having higher levels of areal bone mineral density, as measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, than individuals without T2DM. Thus, additional factors such as alterations in bone quality could have important roles in mediating skeletal fragility in patients with T2DM. Although the pathogenesis of increased fracture risk in T2DM is multifactorial, impairments in bone material properties and increases in cortical porosity have emerged as two key skeletal abnormalities that contribute to skeletal fragility in patients with T2DM. In addition, indices of bone formation are uniformly reduced in patients with T2DM, with evidence from mouse studies published over the past few years linking this abnormality to accelerated skeletal ageing, specifically cellular senescence. In this Review, we highlight the latest advances in our understanding of the mechanisms of skeletal fragility in patients with T2DM and suggest potential novel therapeutic approaches to address this problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundeep Khosla
- Division of Endocrinology and Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Parinya Samakkarnthai
- Division of Endocrinology and Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Phramongkutklao Hospital and College of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - David G Monroe
- Division of Endocrinology and Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Joshua N Farr
- Division of Endocrinology and Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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25
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Shi Y. The investigation of energy metabolism in osteoblasts and osteoclasts. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2021; 39:501-509. [PMID: 34636196 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2021.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The maintenance of bone homeostasis is critical for bone health. It is vulnerable to cause bone loss, even severely osteoporosis when the balance between bone formation and absorption is interrupted. Growing evidence has shown that energy metabolism disorders, such as abnormal glucose metabolism, irregular amino acid metabolism, and aberrant lipid metabolism, can damage bone homeostasis, causing or exacerbating bone mass loss and osteoporosis-related fractures. Here, we summarize the studies of energy metabolism in osteoblasts and osteoclasts and provide a better appreciation of how energy metabolism, especially glucose metabolism maintains bone homeostasis. With this knowledge, new avenues will be unraveled to understand and cue bone-related diseases such as osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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26
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Broz K, Walk RE, Tang SY. Complications in the spine associated with type 2 diabetes: The role of advanced glycation end-products. MEDICINE IN NOVEL TECHNOLOGY AND DEVICES 2021; 11. [PMID: 35992525 PMCID: PMC9390092 DOI: 10.1016/j.medntd.2021.100065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is an increasingly prevalent disease with numerous comorbidities including many in the spine. T2D is strongly linked with vertebral fractures, intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration, and severe chronic spinal pain. Yet the causative mechanism for these musculoskeletal impairments remains unclear. The chronic hyperglycemic state in T2D promotes the formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) in tissues, and the accumulation of AGEs may play a role in musculoskeletal complications by modifying the extracellular matrix, impairing cellular homeostasis, and perpetuating an inflammatory cascade via its receptor (RAGE). The AGE and RAGE associated alterations in extracellular matrix composition and morphological features of the vertebral bodies and IVDs are likely contributors to the incidence and severity of spinal pathologies in T2D. This review will broadly examine the effects of AGEs on tissues in the spine in the context of T2D, with an emphasis on the changes in the vertebrae and the IVD. Along with the clinical and epidemiological findings, we will provide an overview of preclinical rodent models of T2D that exhibit deficits in the IVD and vertebral bone. Elucidating the role of AGEs and RAGE will be crucial for understanding the disease mechanisms and translation therapies of musculoskeletal pathologies in T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn Broz
- Institute of Material Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Remy E. Walk
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Simon Y. Tang
- Institute of Material Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Corresponding author. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, Campus Box 8233, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA. (S.Y. Tang)
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27
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Lee SH, Ihn HJ, Park EK, Kim JE. S100 Calcium-Binding Protein P Secreted from Megakaryocytes Promotes Osteoclast Maturation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22116129. [PMID: 34200172 PMCID: PMC8201154 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22116129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Megakaryocytes (MKs) differentiate from hematopoietic stem cells and produce platelets at the final stage of differentiation. MKs directly interact with bone cells during bone remodeling. However, whether MKs are involved in regulating bone metabolism through indirect regulatory effects on bone cells is unclear. Here, we observed increased osteoclast differentiation of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) cultured in MK-cultured conditioned medium (MK CM), suggesting that this medium contains factors secreted from MKs that affect osteoclastogenesis. To identify the MK-secreted factor, DNA microarray analysis of the human leukemia cell line K562 and MKs was performed, and S100 calcium-binding protein P (S100P) was selected as a candidate gene affecting osteoclast differentiation. S100P was more highly expressed in MKs than in K562 cells, and showed higher levels in MK CM than in K562-cultured conditioned medium. In BMMs cultured in the presence of recombinant human S100P protein, osteoclast differentiation was promoted and marker gene expression was increased. The resorption area was significantly larger in S100P protein-treated osteoclasts, demonstrating enhanced resorption activity. Overall, S100P secreted from MKs promotes osteoclast differentiation and resorption activity, suggesting that MKs indirectly regulate osteoclast differentiation and activity through the paracrine action of S100P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Hoon Lee
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea;
- BK21 Four KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
- Cell and Matrix Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea;
| | - Hye Jung Ihn
- Cell and Matrix Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea;
| | - Eui Kyun Park
- Department of Oral Pathology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Dentistry, IHBR, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea;
| | - Jung-Eun Kim
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea;
- BK21 Four KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
- Cell and Matrix Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-53-420-4949
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28
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Prantner D, Nallar S, Vogel SN. The role of RAGE in host pathology and crosstalk between RAGE and TLR4 in innate immune signal transduction pathways. FASEB J 2020; 34:15659-15674. [PMID: 33131091 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002136r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Although the innate immune receptor protein, Receptor for Advanced Glycation End products (RAGE), has been extensively studied, there has been renewed interest in RAGE for its potential role in sepsis, along with a host of other inflammatory diseases of chronic, noninfectious origin. In contrast to other innate immune receptors, for example, Toll-like receptors (TLRs), that recognize ligands derived from pathogenic organisms that are collectively known as "pathogen-associated molecular patterns" (PAMPs) or host-derived "damage-associated molecular patterns" (DAMPs), RAGE has been shown to recognize a broad collection of DAMPs exclusively. Historically, these DAMPs have been shown to be pro-inflammatory in nature. Early studies indicated that the adaptor molecule, MyD88, might be important for this change. More recent studies have explored further the mechanisms underlying this inflammatory change. Overall, the newer results have shown that there is extensive crosstalk between RAGE and TLRs. The three canonical RAGE ligands, Advanced Glycation End products (AGEs), HMGB1, and S100 proteins, have all been shown to activate both TLRs and RAGE to varying degrees in order to induce inflammation in in vitro models. As with any field that delves deeply into innate signaling, obstacles of reagent purity may be a cause of some of the discrepancies in the literature, and we have found that commercial antibodies that have been widely used exhibit a high degree of nonspecificity. Nonetheless, the weight of published evidence has led us to speculate that RAGE may be physically interacting with TLRs on the cell surface to elicit inflammation via MyD88-dependent signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Prantner
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shreeram Nallar
- Institute of Human Virology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Stefanie N Vogel
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
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29
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Lee SJ, Lehar A, Meir JU, Koch C, Morgan A, Warren LE, Rydzik R, Youngstrom DW, Chandok H, George J, Gogain J, Michaud M, Stoklasek TA, Liu Y, Germain-Lee EL. Targeting myostatin/activin A protects against skeletal muscle and bone loss during spaceflight. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:23942-23951. [PMID: 32900939 PMCID: PMC7519220 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2014716117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the physiological consequences of extended spaceflight are loss of skeletal muscle and bone mass. One signaling pathway that plays an important role in maintaining muscle and bone homeostasis is that regulated by the secreted signaling proteins, myostatin (MSTN) and activin A. Here, we used both genetic and pharmacological approaches to investigate the effect of targeting MSTN/activin A signaling in mice that were sent to the International Space Station. Wild type mice lost significant muscle and bone mass during the 33 d spent in microgravity. Muscle weights of Mstn-/- mice, which are about twice those of wild type mice, were largely maintained during spaceflight. Systemic inhibition of MSTN/activin A signaling using a soluble form of the activin type IIB receptor (ACVR2B), which can bind each of these ligands, led to dramatic increases in both muscle and bone mass, with effects being comparable in ground and flight mice. Exposure to microgravity and treatment with the soluble receptor each led to alterations in numerous signaling pathways, which were reflected in changes in levels of key signaling components in the blood as well as their RNA expression levels in muscle and bone. These findings have implications for therapeutic strategies to combat the concomitant muscle and bone loss occurring in people afflicted with disuse atrophy on Earth as well as in astronauts in space, especially during prolonged missions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se-Jin Lee
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032;
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030
| | - Adam Lehar
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032
| | - Jessica U Meir
- The National Aeronautics and Space Administration, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058
| | - Christina Koch
- The National Aeronautics and Space Administration, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058
| | - Andrew Morgan
- The National Aeronautics and Space Administration, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058
| | - Lara E Warren
- Center for the Advancement of Science in Space, Houston, TX 77058
| | - Renata Rydzik
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030
| | - Daniel W Youngstrom
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030
| | | | - Joshy George
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032
| | | | - Michael Michaud
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032
| | | | - Yewei Liu
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032
| | - Emily L Germain-Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030
- Connecticut Children's Center for Rare Bone Disorders, Farmington, CT 06032
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30
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Rps27a might act as a controller of microglia activation in triggering neurodegenerative diseases. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0239219. [PMID: 32941527 PMCID: PMC7498011 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are increasing serious menaces to human health in the recent years. Despite exhibiting different clinical phenotypes and selective neuronal loss, there are certain common features in these disorders, suggesting the presence of commonly dysregulated pathways. Identifying causal genes and dysregulated pathways can be helpful in providing effective treatment in these diseases. Interestingly, in spite of the considerable researches on NDDs, to the best of our knowledge, no dysregulated genes and/or pathways were reported in common across all the major NDDs so far. In this study, for the first time, we have applied the three-way interaction model, as an approach to unravel sophisticated gene interactions, to trace switch genes and significant pathways that are involved in six major NDDs. Subsequently, a gene regulatory network was constructed to investigate the regulatory communication of statistically significant triplets. Finally, KEGG pathway enrichment analysis was applied to find possible common pathways. Because of the central role of neuroinflammation and immune system responses in both pathogenic and protective mechanisms in the NDDs, we focused on immune genes in this study. Our results suggest that "cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction" pathway is enriched in all of the studied NDDs, while "osteoclast differentiation" and "natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity" pathways are enriched in five of the NDDs each. The results of this study indicate that three pathways that include "osteoclast differentiation", "natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity" and "cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction" are common in five, five and six NDDs, respectively. Additionally, our analysis showed that Rps27a as a switch gene, together with the gene pair {Il-18, Cx3cl1} form a statistically significant and biologically relevant triplet in the major NDDs. More specifically, we suggested that Cx3cl1 might act as a potential upstream regulator of Il-18 in microglia activation, and in turn, might be controlled with Rps27a in triggering NDDs.
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31
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Sun Y, Zhu Y, Liu X, Chai Y, Xu J. Morroniside attenuates high glucose-induced BMSC dysfunction by regulating the Glo1/AGE/RAGE axis. Cell Prolif 2020; 53:e12866. [PMID: 32643284 PMCID: PMC7445400 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives High glucose (HG)–mediated bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) dysfunction plays a key role in impaired bone formation induced by type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Morroniside is an iridoid glycoside derived from the Chinese herb Cornus officinalis, and it has abundant biological activities associated with cell metabolism and tissue regeneration. However, the effects and underlying mechanisms of morroniside on HG‐induced BMSC dysfunction remain poorly understood. Materials and methods Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, ALP activity and Alizarin Red staining were performed to assess the osteogenesis of BMSCs. Quantitative real‐time PCR and Western blot (WB) were used to investigate the osteo‐specific markers, receptor for advanced glycation end product (RAGE) signalling and glyoxalase‐1 (Glo1). Additionally, a T1DM rat model was used to assess the protective effect of morroniside in vivo. Results Morroniside treatment reverses the HG‐impaired osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs in vitro. Morroniside suppressed advanced glycation end product (AGEs) formation and RAGE expression by triggering Glo1. Moreover, the enhanced osteogenesis due to morroniside treatment was partially blocked by the Glo1 inhibitor, BBGCP2. Furthermore, in vivo, morroniside attenuated bone loss and improved bone microarchitecture accompanied by Glo1 upregulation and RAGE downregulation. Conclusions These findings suggest that morroniside attenuates HG‐mediated BMSC dysfunction partly through the inhibition of AGE‐RAGE signalling and activation of Glo1 and may be a potential treatment for diabetic osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuanzhe Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yimin Chai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Iseri K, Dai L, Chen Z, Qureshi AR, Brismar TB, Stenvinkel P, Lindholm B. Bone mineral density and mortality in end-stage renal disease patients. Clin Kidney J 2020; 13:307-321. [PMID: 32699616 PMCID: PMC7367137 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfaa089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis characterized by low bone mineral density (BMD) as assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is common among end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients and associates with high fracture incidence and high all-cause mortality. This is because chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorders (CKD-MBDs) promote not only bone disease (osteoporosis and renal dystrophy) but also vascular calcification and cardiovascular disease. The disturbed bone metabolism in ESRD leads to 'loss of cortical bone' with increased cortical porosity and thinning of cortical bone rather than to loss of trabecular bone. Low BMD, especially at cortical-rich bone sites, is closely linked to CKD-MBD, vascular calcification and poor cardiovascular outcomes. These effects appear to be largely mediated by shared mechanistic pathways via the 'bone-vascular axis' through which impaired bone status associates with changes in the vascular wall. Thus, bone is more than just the scaffolding that holds the body together and protects organs from external forces but is-in addition to its physical supportive function-also an active endocrine organ that interacts with the vasculature by paracrine and endocrine factors through pathways including Wnt signalling, osteoprotegerin (OPG)/receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANK)/RANK ligand system and the Galectin-3/receptor of advanced glycation end products axis. The insight that osteogenesis and vascular calcification share many similarities-and the knowledge that vascular calcification is a cell-mediated active rather than a passive mineralization process-suggest that low BMD and vascular calcification ('vascular ossification') to a large extent represent two sides of the same coin. Here, we briefly review changes of BMD in ESRD as observed using different DXA methods (central and whole-body DXA) at different bone sites for BMD measurements, and summarize recent knowledge regarding the relationships between 'low BMD' and 'fracture incidence, vascular calcification and increased mortality' in ESRD patients, as well as potential 'molecular mechanisms' underlying these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Iseri
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Divisions of Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Lu Dai
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Divisions of Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zhimin Chen
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Divisions of Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Abdul Rashid Qureshi
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Divisions of Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Torkel B Brismar
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Division of Medical Imaging and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Radiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Peter Stenvinkel
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Divisions of Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bengt Lindholm
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Divisions of Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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The Role of Ca 2+-NFATc1 Signaling and Its Modulation on Osteoclastogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103646. [PMID: 32455661 PMCID: PMC7279283 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing of intracellular calcium concentration is a fundamental process for mediating osteoclastogenesis, which is involved in osteoclastic bone resorption. Cytosolic calcium binds to calmodulin and subsequently activates calcineurin, leading to NFATc1 activation, a master transcription factor required for osteoclast differentiation. Targeting the various activation processes in osteoclastogenesis provides various therapeutic strategies for bone loss. Diverse compounds that modulate calcium signaling have been applied to regulate osteoclast differentiation and, subsequently, attenuate bone loss. Thus, in this review, we summarized the modulation of the NFATc1 pathway through various compounds that regulate calcium signaling and the calcium influx machinery. Furthermore, we addressed the involvement of transient receptor potential channels in osteoclastogenesis.
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Omolaoye TS, du Plessis SS. Male infertility: A proximate look at the advanced glycation end products. Reprod Toxicol 2020; 93:169-177. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2020.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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35
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Yang B, Li S, Chen Z, Feng F, He L, Liu B, He T, Wang X, Chen R, Chen Z, Xie P, Rong L. Amyloid β peptide promotes bone formation by regulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling and the OPG/RANKL/RANK system. FASEB J 2020; 34:3583-3593. [PMID: 31944393 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901550r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amyloid β peptide (Aβ) is involved in osteoporosis, but the effects of Aβ on osteoblast and bone formation remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of Aβ on bone formation. METHODS An animal model of osteoporosis was established by ovariectomy in C57BL/6 mice. The mice received intraperitoneal injection of Aβ. The effect of Aβ on the osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow stromal stem cells (hBMSCs) and differentiation of both pre-osteoblasts and pre-osteoclasts in a co-culture system were investigated. RESULTS In the animal study, intraperitoneal injection of Aβ for 8 weeks promoted early and late osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs. Aβ treatment significantly elevated osterix+ (osteoblastic) cells but decreased TRAP+ cells (osteoclasts) in the distal femur bone. In vitro study showed that Aβ treatment significantly enhanced matrix mineralization and osteogenic markers (Runx2 and osteocalcin). Aβ treatment activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling in hBMSCs. The effect of Aβ was blocked by DKK1 (a Wnt/β-catenin inhibitor) treatment. In the co-culture system, Aβ treatment significantly increased the ALP activities of MC3T3-E1 cells (pre-osteoblasts) but reduced the TRAP+ RAW264.7 cells (pre-osteoclasts). Aβ treatment upregulated TCF1 and OPG proteins in MC3T3-E1 cells. Aβ treatment upregulated IκB-α but downregulated NFATc1protein in RAW264.7 cells. These effects were blocked by XAV-939 (a Wnt signaling antagonist), and then rescued by additional Wnt3a (a Wnt agonist). CONCLUSION Aβ treatment simultaneously promoted osteogenic differentiation via Wnt/β-catenin signaling, and inhibited osteoclasts differentiation via the OPG/RANKL/RANK system, suggesting Aβ is a positive regulator of osteoblast differentiation and bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bu Yang
- Department of Spine surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Shangfu Li
- Department of Spine surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Stomatology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Feng Feng
- Department of Spine surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Lei He
- Department of Spine surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Spine surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Tianwei He
- Department of Spine surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Spine surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Ruiqiang Chen
- Department of Spine surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zihao Chen
- Department of Spine surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Peigen Xie
- Department of Spine surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Limin Rong
- Department of Spine surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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S100A4 released from highly bone-metastatic breast cancer cells plays a critical role in osteolysis. Bone Res 2019; 7:30. [PMID: 31667000 PMCID: PMC6804941 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-019-0068-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone destruction induced by breast cancer metastasis causes severe complications, including death, in breast cancer patients. Communication between cancer cells and skeletal cells in metastatic bone microenvironments is a principal element that drives tumor progression and osteolysis. Tumor-derived factors play fundamental roles in this form of communication. To identify soluble factors released from cancer cells in bone metastasis, we established a highly bone-metastatic subline of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. This subline (mtMDA) showed a markedly elevated ability to secrete S100A4 protein, which directly stimulated osteoclast formation via surface receptor RAGE. Recombinant S100A4 stimulated osteoclastogenesis in vitro and bone loss in vivo. Conditioned medium from mtMDA cells in which S100A4 was knocked down had a reduced ability to stimulate osteoclasts. Furthermore, the S100A4 knockdown cells elicited less bone destruction in mice than the control knockdown cells. In addition, administration of an anti-S100A4 monoclonal antibody (mAb) that we developed attenuated the stimulation of osteoclastogenesis and bone loss by mtMDA in mice. Taken together, our results suggest that S100A4 released from breast cancer cells is an important player in the osteolysis caused by breast cancer bone metastasis.
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Henderson S, Ibe I, Cahill S, Chung YH, Lee FY. Bone Quality and Fracture-Healing in Type-1 and Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2019; 101:1399-1410. [PMID: 31393433 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.18.01297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shasta Henderson
- Department of Orthopaedics, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Izuchukwu Ibe
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation (I.I.), Yale School of Medicine (S.C., Y.-H.C., and F.Y.L.), New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Sean Cahill
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation (I.I.), Yale School of Medicine (S.C., Y.-H.C., and F.Y.L.), New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Yeon-Ho Chung
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation (I.I.), Yale School of Medicine (S.C., Y.-H.C., and F.Y.L.), New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Francis Y Lee
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation (I.I.), Yale School of Medicine (S.C., Y.-H.C., and F.Y.L.), New Haven, Connecticut
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Asadipooya K, Uy EM. Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs), Receptor for AGEs, Diabetes, and Bone: Review of the Literature. J Endocr Soc 2019; 3:1799-1818. [PMID: 31528827 PMCID: PMC6734192 DOI: 10.1210/js.2019-00160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes compromises bone cell metabolism and function, resulting in increased risk of fragility fracture. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) interact with the receptor for AGEs (RAGE) and can make a meaningful contribution to bone cell metabolism and/or alter function. Searches in PubMed using the key words "advanced glycation end-product," "RAGE," "sRAGE," "bone," and "diabetes" were made to explain some of the clinical outcomes of diabetes in bone metabolism through the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway. All published clinical studies were included in tables. The AGE-RAGE signaling pathway participates in diabetic complications, including diabetic osteopathy. Some clinical results in diabetic patients, such as reduced bone density, suppressed bone turnover markers, and bone quality impairment, could be potentially due to AGE-RAGE signaling consequences. However, the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway has some helpful roles in the bone, including an increase in osteogenic function. Soluble RAGE (sRAGE), as a ligand decoy, may increase in either conditions of RAGE production or destruction, and then it cannot always reflect the AGE-RAGE signaling. Recombinant sRAGE can block the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway but is associated with some limitations, such as accessibility to AGEs, an increase in other RAGE ligands, and a long half-life (24 hours), which is associated with losing the beneficial effect of AGE/RAGE. As a result, sRAGE is not a helpful marker to assess activity of the RAGE signaling pathway. The recombinant sRAGE cannot be translated into clinical practice due to its limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamyar Asadipooya
- Division of Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Edilfavia Mae Uy
- Division of Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
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Davis HM, Essex AL, Valdez S, Deosthale PJ, Aref MW, Allen MR, Bonetto A, Plotkin LI. Short-term pharmacologic RAGE inhibition differentially affects bone and skeletal muscle in middle-aged mice. Bone 2019; 124:89-102. [PMID: 31028960 PMCID: PMC6543548 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2019.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Loss of bone and muscle mass are two major clinical complications among the growing list of chronic diseases that primarily affect elderly individuals. Persistent low-grade inflammation, one of the major drivers of aging, is also associated with both bone and muscle dysfunction in aging. Particularly, chronic activation of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and elevated levels of its ligands high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), AGEs, S100 proteins and Aβ fibrils have been linked to bone and muscle loss in various pathologies. Further, genetic or pharmacologic RAGE inhibition has been shown to preserve both bone and muscle mass. However, whether short-term pharmacologic RAGE inhibition can prevent early bone and muscle loss in aging is unknown. To address this question, we treated young (4-mo) and middle-aged (15-mo) C57BL/6 female mice with vehicle or Azeliragon, a small-molecule RAGE inhibitor initially developed to treat Alzheimer's disease. Azeliragon did not prevent the aging-induced alterations in bone geometry or mechanics, likely due to its differential effects [direct vs. indirect] on bone cell viability/function. On the other hand, Azeliragon attenuated the aging-related body composition changes [fat and lean mass] and reversed the skeletal muscle alterations induced with aging. Interestingly, while Azeliragon induced similar metabolic changes in bone and skeletal muscle, aging differentially altered the expression of genes associated with glucose uptake/metabolism in these two tissues, highlighting a potential explanation for the differential effects of Azeliragon on bone and skeletal muscle in middle-aged mice. Overall, our findings suggest that while short-term pharmacologic RAGE inhibition did not protect against early aging-induced bone alterations, it prevented against the early effects of aging in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah M Davis
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America; Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America.
| | - Alyson L Essex
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America; Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America.
| | - Sinai Valdez
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America.
| | - Padmini J Deosthale
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America; Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America.
| | - Mohammad W Aref
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America; Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America.
| | - Matthew R Allen
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America; Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America; Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America.
| | - Andrea Bonetto
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America; Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America; Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America.
| | - Lilian I Plotkin
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America; Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America; Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America.
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Yang B, Cai Z, Zhang W, Yin D, Zhao W, Yang M. Autophagy alleviates the decrease in proliferation of amyloid β1‑42‑treated bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells via the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:4091-4100. [PMID: 30896831 PMCID: PMC6471277 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and osteoporosis (OP) are 2 common progressive age‑associated diseases, primarily affecting the elderly worldwide. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that patients with AD are more likely to suffer from bone mass loss and even OP, but whether it is a pathological feature of AD or secondary to motor dysfunction remains poorly understood. The present study aimed to investigate whether amyloid‑β1‑42 (Aβ1‑42), the typical pathological product of AD, exhibited a negative effect on the proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and the role of autophagy. The proliferation of BMSCs was measured using a Cell Counting Kit‑8 assay, cell cycle analysis and 5‑ethynyl‑2'‑deoxyuridine (EdU) staining. The autophagy‑associated proteins microtubule‑associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B and sequestosome 1 (p62) were evaluated by western blot analysis and autophagosomes were detected by transmission electron microscopy and immunofluorescence. The activity of the protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway was measured using western blot analysis, and the autophagy inducer rapamycin (RAPA), inhibitor 3‑methyladenine (3‑MA) and the AKT activator SC79 were also used to investigate the role of AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and autophagy in the proliferation of BMSCs. The results suggested that the proliferation of BMSCs treated with Aβ1‑42 was inhibited, with the autophagy level increasing following treatment with Aβ1‑42 in a dose‑dependent manner, while the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway participated in the regulation of the autophagy level. Activation of autophagy using RAPA inhibited the decrease in proliferation of BMSCs, while suppression of autophagy by 3‑MA and activation of the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway increased the decrease in proliferation of BMSCs caused by Aβ1‑42. It was concluded that Aβ1‑42, as an external stimulus, suppressed the proliferation of BMSCs directly and that the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway participated in the regulation of the level of autophagy. Concomitantly, autophagy may serve as a resistance mechanism in inhibiting the decreased proliferation of BMSCs treated with Aβ1‑42.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Zhenyu Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Weilin Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, P.R. China
| | - Dali Yin
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
| | - Maowei Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China
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Ticala M, Tirinescu DC, Rusu CC, Moldovan D, Potra AR, Coman AL, Bondor CI, Budisan L, Kacsó IM. Pentosidine in chronic hemodialysis patients: relation with arteriovenous fistula morphology and function. Int Urol Nephrol 2019; 51:1035-1042. [PMID: 31012035 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-019-02151-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE It has been suggested that advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are involved in atherogenesis, vascular calcification and remodeling, including neointimal hyperplasia, in renal and non-renal patients. Their relevance for arteriovenous fistula (AVF) function has been poorly studied to date, with only one clinical study addressing the issue of thrombosis of vascular access in relation to AGEs in dialysis patients. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between serum pentosidine and AVF morphology and function. METHODS Eighty-eighth hemodialysis patients with patent native AVF were included. Ultrasound examination of AVF evaluated blood flow in the brachial artery, resistivity index (RI), the diameter of the vessels and the presence of stenosis. AVF and cardiovascular history were recorded, routine clinical and laboratory evaluation was performed and serum pentosidine was assessed. RESULTS Forty-eight patients (54.54%) had AVF stenosis. Pentosidine correlated in univariate analysis with cholesterol (r = 0.270, p = 0.01), triglycerides (r = 0.309, p = 0.003), calcium (r = 0.040, p < 0.001) and inversely to dialysis vintage (r = - 0.453, p < 0.001), access vintage (r = - 0.432, p = 0.001), phosphate (r = - 0.211, p = 0.04), parathyroid hormone (r = - 0.211, p = 0.04), urea (r = - 0.230, p = 0.03), residual diameter of AVF (r = - 0.023, p = 0.03). In multivariate regression calcium (p = 0.006), access vintage (p = 0.03), and residual diameter of AVF vein (p = 0.02) remain significantly linked to pentosidine. Patients with pentosidine above median had higher cholesterol (179.91 vs. 160.97, p = 0.04), triglycerides (187.18 vs. 129.31, p = 0.002) and higher prevalence of hypertension (93.70% vs. 84.10%, p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that pentosidine could be associated to vascular access morphology and function in dialysis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ticala
- Department of Nephrology, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 3-5 Clinicilor Street, 400006, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Dacian Călin Tirinescu
- Department of Nephrology, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 3-5 Clinicilor Street, 400006, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Crina Claudia Rusu
- Department of Nephrology, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 3-5 Clinicilor Street, 400006, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Diana Moldovan
- Department of Nephrology, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 3-5 Clinicilor Street, 400006, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alina Ramona Potra
- Department of Nephrology, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 3-5 Clinicilor Street, 400006, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Anca Laura Coman
- Department of Nephrology, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 3-5 Clinicilor Street, 400006, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cosmina Ioana Bondor
- Department of Informatics and Biostatistics, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Pasteur Street, 400349, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Livia Budisan
- Research Center for Functional Genomic, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Babeş Street, 400012, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ina Maria Kacsó
- Department of Nephrology, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 3-5 Clinicilor Street, 400006, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Sun Z, Wang Z, Li L, Yan J, Shao C, Bao Z, Jing L, Pang Q, Geng Y, Zhang L. RAGE/galectin-3 yields intraplaque calcification transformation via sortilin. Acta Diabetol 2019; 56:457-472. [PMID: 30603868 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-018-1273-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Macrocalcification and microcalcification present different clinical risks, but the regulatory of their formation was unclear. Therefore, this study explored the underlying mechanisms of macrocalcification and microcalcification in diabetes mellitus. METHODS Anterior tibial arteries of amputated diabetic feet were collected. According to the calcium content, patients were divided into less-calcification group and more-calcification group. And calcification morphology in plaques was observed. For further study, an in vivo mouse diabetic atherosclerosis model and an in vitro primary mouse aortic smooth muscle cell model were established. After the receptors for AGEs (RAGE) or galectin-3 were silenced, calcified nodule sizes and sortilin expression were determined. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed to detect the aggregation of matrix vesicles with the inhibition or promotion of sortilin. RESULTS Both macro- and microcalcification were found in human anterior tibial artery plaques. Macrocalcification formed after the silencing of RAGE, and microcalcification formed after the silencing of galectin-3. In the process of RAGE- or galcetin-3-induced calcification, sortilin played an important role downstream. SEM showed that sortilin promoted the aggregation of MVs in the early stage of calcification and formed larger calcified nodules. CONCLUSION RAGE downregulated sortilin and then transmitted microcalcification signals, whereas galectin-3 upregulated sortilin, which accelerated the aggregation of MVs in the early stage of calcification and mediated the formation of macrocalcifications, These data illustrate the progression of two calcification types and suggest sortilin as a potential target for early intervention of calcification and as an effective biomarker for the assessment of long-term clinical risk and prognosis.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport/genetics
- Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport/metabolism
- Amputation, Surgical
- Animals
- Aorta/metabolism
- Aorta/pathology
- Blood Proteins
- Cells, Cultured
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
- Diabetic Angiopathies/genetics
- Diabetic Angiopathies/metabolism
- Diabetic Angiopathies/surgery
- Diabetic Foot/pathology
- Diabetic Foot/surgery
- Galectin 3/physiology
- Galectins
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- Humans
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic/genetics
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic/metabolism
- RNA Interference
- RNA, Small Interfering/pharmacology
- Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products/physiology
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Signal Transduction/genetics
- Streptozocin
- Tibial Arteries/metabolism
- Tibial Arteries/pathology
- Vascular Calcification/genetics
- Vascular Calcification/metabolism
- Vascular Calcification/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 212001, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhongqun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 212001, Zhenjiang, China.
| | - Lihua Li
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 212001, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jinchuan Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 212001, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Chen Shao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 212001, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhengyang Bao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 212001, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Lele Jing
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 212001, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Qiwen Pang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 212001, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yue Geng
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 212001, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, 212001, Zhenjiang, China
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43
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Abstract
It is well known that bone loss accompanies aging in both men and women and contributes to skeletal fragility in the older population, but changes that occur to the bone tissue matrix itself are less well known. These changes in bone quality aggravate the skeletal fragility associated with loss of bone mass. Bone tissue quality is affected by age-related changes in bone mineral, collagen and its cross-linking profiles, water compartments and even non-collagenous proteins. It is commonly assumed that greater tissue mineralization accompanies aging as bone turnover slows down in elderly individuals, but the data for this are weak. However, there may be changes in the quality of the mineral crystals, and the substitutions found within the crystal. Both enzymatically-mediated and non-enzymatically-mediated collagen cross-links multiply with age. The former tend to make the bone stiffer and stronger, but the latter, while making the bone stiffer can also make it more brittle and more likely to fracture. Bone pore water that is not bound to collagen or mineral increases with age as bone mass is lost, but water that is bound to collagen and mineral declines with age. These changes contribute to skeletal fragility by reducing the amount that bone can deform before fracturing. Finally, non-collagenous proteins have physical properties that can alter matrix mechanical properties and can also have molecular signaling functions that regulate bone remodeling. Whether these change with age, how they change, and how this affects skeletal fragility with aging is still largely a black box, and requires much more investigation. The roles of any of these factors in skeletal fragility are difficult to assess clinically as there is no easy or economical way to evaluate them, but a picture of fragility in the aging skeleton is incomplete without them.
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Affiliation(s)
- David B Burr
- Dept. of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, United States of America; Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis (IUPUI), United States of America.
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44
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and several of its ligands have been implicated in the onset and progression of pathologies associated with aging, chronic inflammation, and cellular stress. In particular, the role of RAGE and its ligands in bone tissue during both physiological and pathological conditions has been investigated. However, the extent to which RAGE signaling regulates bone homeostasis and disease onset remains unclear. Further, RAGE effects in the different bone cells and whether these effects are cell-type specific is unknown. The objective of the current review is to describe the literature over RAGE signaling in skeletal biology as well as discuss the clinical potential of RAGE as a diagnostic and/or therapeutic target in bone disease. RECENT FINDINGS The role of RAGE and its ligands during skeletal homeostasis, tissue repair, and disease onset/progression is beginning to be uncovered. For example, detrimental effects of the RAGE ligands, advanced glycation end products (AGEs), have been identified for osteoblast viability/activity, while others have observed that low level AGE exposure stimulates osteoblast autophagy, which subsequently promotes viability and function. Similar findings have been reported with HMGB1, another RAGE ligand, in which high levels of the ligand are associated with osteoblast/osteocyte apoptosis, whereas low level/short-term administration stimulates osteoblast differentiation/bone formation and promotes fracture healing. Additionally, elevated levels of several RAGE ligands (AGEs, HMGB1, S100 proteins) induce osteoblast/osteocyte apoptosis and stimulate cytokine production, which is associated with increased osteoclast differentiation/activity. Conversely, direct RAGE-ligand exposure in osteoclasts may have inhibitory effects. These observations support a conclusion that elevated bone resorption observed in conditions of high circulating ligands and RAGE expression are due to actions on osteoblasts/osteocytes rather than direct actions on osteoclasts, although additional work is required to substantiate the observations. Recent studies have demonstrated that RAGE and its ligands play an important physiological role in the regulation of skeletal development, homeostasis, and repair/regeneration. Conversely, elevated levels of RAGE and its ligands are clearly related with various diseases associated with increased bone loss and fragility. However, despite the recent advancements in the field, many questions regarding RAGE and its ligands in skeletal biology remain unanswered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian I Plotkin
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 635 Barnhill Dr., MS 5023, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
- Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Alyson L Essex
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 635 Barnhill Dr., MS 5023, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Hannah M Davis
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 635 Barnhill Dr., MS 5023, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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45
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Charoenpong H, Osathanon T, Pavasant P, Limjeerajarus N, Keawprachum B, Limjeerajarus CN, Cheewinthamrongrod V, Palaga T, Lertchirakarn V, Ritprajak P. Mechanical stress induced S100A7 expression in human dental pulp cells to augment osteoclast differentiation. Oral Dis 2019; 25:812-821. [PMID: 30614184 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Mechanical injury of dental pulp leads to root resorption by osteoclasts/odontoclasts. S100 proteins have been demonstrated to be involved in inflammatory processes and bone remodeling. This study aimed to investigate the effect of mechanical stress on S100A7 expression by human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) and the effect of S100A7 proteins on osteoclast differentiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Isolated HDPCs were stimulated with compressive loading (2 and 6 hr), or shear loading (2, 6, and 16 hr). S100 mRNA expression and S100A7 protein levels were determined by real-time PCR and ELISA, respectively. Osteoclast differentiation was analyzed using primary human monocytes. The differentiation and activity of osteoclasts were examined by TRAcP staining and dentine resorption. In addition, the expression of S100A7 was analyzed in pulp tissues obtained from orthodontically treated teeth. RESULTS Compressive and shear mechanical stress significantly upregulated both mRNA and protein level of S100A7. Dental pulp tissues from orthodontically treated teeth exhibited higher S100A7mRNA levels compared to non-treated control teeth. S100A7 promoted osteoclast differentiation by primary human monocytes. Moreover, S100A7 significantly enhanced dentine resorption by these cells. CONCLUSIONS Mechanical stress induced expression of S100A7 by human dental pulp cells and this may promote root resorption by inducing osteoclast differentiation and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hataichanok Charoenpong
- Graduate Program in Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thanaphum Osathanon
- Excellence Center in Regenerative Dentistry and Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Prasit Pavasant
- Excellence Center in Regenerative Dentistry and Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nuttapol Limjeerajarus
- Research Center for Advanced Energy Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Thai-Nichi Institute of Technology, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Boonrit Keawprachum
- Research Center for Advanced Energy Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Thai-Nichi Institute of Technology, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chalida N Limjeerajarus
- Excellence Center in Regenerative Dentistry and Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Tanapat Palaga
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Veera Lertchirakarn
- Research Unit on Oral Microbiology and Immunology and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Patcharee Ritprajak
- Oral Biology Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Research Unit on Oral Microbiology and Immunology and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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46
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Gavali S, Gupta MK, Daswani B, Wani MR, Sirdeshmukh R, Khatkhatay MI. LYN, a key mediator in estrogen-dependent suppression of osteoclast differentiation, survival, and function. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1865:547-557. [PMID: 30579930 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen insufficiency at menopause cause accelerated bone loss due to unwarranted differentiation and function of osteoclasts. Unraveling the underlying mechanism/s may identify mediators of estrogen action which can be targeted for improved management of osteoporosis. Towards this, we analyzed the effect of 17β-estradiol on the proteomes of differentiating human osteoclasts. The major proteomic changes observed included upregulation of LYN by estrogen. We, therefore, investigated the effect of estrogen on osteoclast differentiation, survival, and function in control and LYN knockdown conditions. In control condition, estrogen treatment increased the apoptosis rate and suppressed the calcium signaling by reducing the intracellular Ca2+ levels as well as expression and activation of NFATc1 and c-Src during differentiation, resulting in reduced osteoclastogenesis. These osteoclasts were smaller in size with reduced extent of multinuclearity and produced significantly low levels of bone resorbing enzymes. They also exhibited disrupted sealing zone formation with low podosome density, impaired cell polarization and reduced resorption of dentine slices. Interestingly, in LYN knockdown condition, estrogen failed to induce apoptosis and inhibit activation of NFATc1 and c-Src. Compared to effect of estrogen on osteoclast in control condition, LYN knockdown osteoclasts did not show reduction in production of bone resorbing enzymes and had defined sealing zone formation with high podosome density with no impairment in cell polarization. They resorbed significant area on dentine slices. Thus, the inhibitory action of estrogen on osteoclast was severely restrained in LYN knockdown condition, demonstrating the importance of LYN as a key mediator of the effect of estrogen on osteoclastogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhangi Gavali
- National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, (ICMR), Mumbai 400012, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Gupta
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Bengaluru 560066, India; Syngene International Ltd, Bengaluru 560099, India
| | - Bhavna Daswani
- National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, (ICMR), Mumbai 400012, India
| | - Mohan R Wani
- National Centre for Cell Science, Pune 411007, India
| | - Ravi Sirdeshmukh
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Bengaluru 560066, India; Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - M Ikram Khatkhatay
- National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, (ICMR), Mumbai 400012, India.
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47
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Carvalho FR, Calado SM, Silva GA, Diogo GS, Moreira da Silva J, Reis RL, Cancela ML, Gavaia PJ. Altered bone microarchitecture in a type 1 diabetes mouse model
Ins2
Akita. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:9338-9350. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Filipe R. Carvalho
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve Faro Portugal
- PhD Program in Biomedical Sciences, Universidade do Algarve Faro Portugal
| | - Sofia M. Calado
- PhD Program in Biomedical Sciences, Universidade do Algarve Faro Portugal
- Centre for Biomedical Research (CBMR), University of Algarve Faro Portugal
| | - Gabriela A. Silva
- Centre for Biomedical Research (CBMR), University of Algarve Faro Portugal
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine‐DCBM Universidade do Algarve Faro Portugal
| | | | | | - Rui L. Reis
- ICVS/3B’s – PT Government Associate Laboratory Guimarães Portugal
- 3B’s Research Group‐Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Universidade do Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Guimarães Portugal
| | - M. Leonor Cancela
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve Faro Portugal
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine‐DCBM Universidade do Algarve Faro Portugal
| | - Paulo J. Gavaia
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve Faro Portugal
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine‐DCBM Universidade do Algarve Faro Portugal
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48
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Abstract
The adult human skeleton is a multifunctional organ undergoing constant remodeling through the opposing activities of the bone-resorbing osteoclast and the bone-forming osteoblast. The exquisite balance between bone resorption and bone formation is responsible for bone homeostasis in healthy adults. However, evidence has emerged that such a balance is likely disrupted in diabetes where systemic glucose metabolism is dysregulated, resulting in increased bone frailty and osteoporotic fractures. These findings therefore underscore the significance of understanding the role and regulation of glucose metabolism in bone under both normal and pathological conditions. Recent studies have shed new light on the metabolic plasticity and the critical functions of glucose metabolism during osteoclast and osteoblast differentiation. Moreover, these studies have begun to identify intersections between glucose metabolism and the growth factors and transcription factors previously known to regulate osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Here we summarize the current knowledge in the nascent field, and suggest that a fundamental understanding of glucose metabolic pathways in the critical bone cell types may open new avenues for developing novel bone therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney M Karner
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke Orthopaedic Cellular, Developmental, and Genome Laboratories, Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
| | - Fanxin Long
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63131, USA.
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49
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Ilea A, Băbţan AM, Boşca BA, Crişan M, Petrescu NB, Collino M, Sainz RM, Gerlach JQ, Câmpian RS. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in oral pathology. Arch Oral Biol 2018; 93:22-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2018] [Revised: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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50
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Park-Min KH. Mechanisms involved in normal and pathological osteoclastogenesis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:2519-2528. [PMID: 29670999 PMCID: PMC9809143 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2817-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Osteoclasts are bone-resorbing cells that play an essential role in bone remodeling. Defects in osteoclasts result in unbalanced bone remodeling and are linked to many bone diseases including osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, primary bone cancer, and skeletal metastases. Receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand (RANKL) is a classical inducer of osteoclast formation. In the presence of macrophage-colony-stimulating factor, RANKL and co-stimulatory signals synergistically regulate osteoclastogenesis. However, recent discoveries of alternative pathways for RANKL-independent osteoclastogenesis have led to a reassessment of the traditional mechanisms that regulate osteoclast formation. In this review, we provide an overview of signaling pathways and other regulatory elements governing osteoclastogenesis. We also identify how osteoclastogenesis is altered in pathological conditions and discuss therapeutic targets in osteoclasts for the treatment of skeletal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Hyun Park-Min
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 East 70th Street, New York, 10021, NY, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, 10065, NY, USA.
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