1
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Hofmann J, Kokkaliaris KD. Bone marrow niches for hematopoietic stem cells: life span dynamics and adaptation to acute stress. Blood 2024; 144:21-34. [PMID: 38579285 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2023023788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are instrumental for organismal survival because they are responsible for lifelong production of mature blood lineages in homeostasis and response to external stress. To fulfill their function, HSCs rely on reciprocal interactions with specialized tissue microenvironments, termed HSC niches. From embryonic development to advanced aging, HSCs transition through several hematopoietic organs in which they are supported by distinct extrinsic cues. Here, we describe recent discoveries on how HSC niches collectively adapt to ensure robust hematopoietic function during biological aging and after exposure to acute stress. We also discuss the latest strategies leveraging niche-derived signals to revert aging-associated phenotypes and enhance hematopoietic recovery after myeloablation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Hofmann
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Department 15, Biosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Konstantinos D Kokkaliaris
- Dr. Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz, Quantitative Spatial Cancer Biology Laboratory, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- University Cancer Center, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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2
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Lu Z, Wang Y, Assumpção ALFV, Liu P, Kopp A, Saka S, Mcilwain SJ, Viny AD, Brand M, Pan X. Yin Yang 1 regulates cohesin complex protein SMC3 in mouse hematopoietic stem cells. Blood Adv 2024; 8:3076-3091. [PMID: 38531064 PMCID: PMC11222949 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023011411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Yin Yang 1 (YY1) and structural maintenance of chromosomes 3 (SMC3) are 2 critical chromatin structural factors that mediate long-distance enhancer-promoter interactions and promote developmentally regulated changes in chromatin architecture in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs). Although YY1 has critical functions in promoting hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) self-renewal and maintaining HSC quiescence, SMC3 is required for proper myeloid lineage differentiation. However, many questions remain unanswered regarding how YY1 and SMC3 interact with each other and affect hematopoiesis. We found that YY1 physically interacts with SMC3 and cooccupies with SMC3 at a large cohort of promoters genome wide, and YY1 deficiency deregulates the genetic network governing cell metabolism. YY1 occupies the Smc3 promoter and represses SMC3 expression in HSPCs. Although deletion of 1 Smc3 allele partially restores HSC numbers and quiescence in YY1 knockout mice, Yy1-/-Smc3+/- HSCs fail to reconstitute blood after bone marrow transplant. YY1 regulates HSC metabolic pathways and maintains proper intracellular reactive oxygen species levels in HSCs, and this regulation is independent of the YY1-SMC3 axis. Our results establish a distinct YY1-SMC3 axis and its impact on HSC quiescence and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanping Lu
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
- Wisconsin Blood Cancer Research Institute, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | - Yinghua Wang
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
- Wisconsin Blood Cancer Research Institute, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | - Anna L. F. V. Assumpção
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
- Wisconsin Blood Cancer Research Institute, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | - Peng Liu
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Audrey Kopp
- Wisconsin Blood Cancer Research Institute, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Sahitya Saka
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
- Wisconsin Blood Cancer Research Institute, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | - Sean J. Mcilwain
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Aaron D. Viny
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
- Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
- Department of Genetics & Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Marjorie Brand
- Wisconsin Blood Cancer Research Institute, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Xuan Pan
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
- Wisconsin Blood Cancer Research Institute, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
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3
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Nagai K, Niihori T, Muto A, Hayashi Y, Abe T, Igarashi K, Aoki Y. Mecom mutation related to radioulnar synostosis with amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia reduces HSPCs in mice. Blood Adv 2023; 7:5409-5420. [PMID: 37099686 PMCID: PMC10509669 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2022008462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Radioulnar synostosis with amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia (RUSAT) is an inherited bone marrow failure syndrome characterized by the congenital fusion of the forearm bones. RUSAT is largely caused by missense mutations that are clustered in a specific region of the MDS1 and EVI1 complex locus (MECOM). EVI1, a transcript variant encoded by MECOM, is a zinc finger transcription factor involved in hematopoietic stem cell maintenance that induce leukemic transformation when overexpressed. Mice with exonic deletions in Mecom show reduced hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). However, the pathogenic roles of RUSAT-associated MECOM mutations in vivo have not yet been elucidated. To investigate the impact of the RUSAT-associated MECOM mutation on the phenotype, we generated knockin mice harboring a point mutation (translated into EVI1 p.H752R and MDS1-EVI1 p.H942R), which corresponds to an EVI1 p.H751R and MDS1-EVI1 p.H939R mutation identified in a patient with RUSAT. Homozygous mutant mice died at embryonic day 10.5 to 11.5. Heterozygous mutant mice (Evi1KI/+ mice) grew normally without radioulnar synostosis. Male Evi1KI/+ mice, aged between 5 and 15 weeks, exhibited lower body weight, and those aged ≥16 weeks showed low platelet counts. Flow cytometric analysis of bone marrow cells revealed a decrease in HSPCs in Evi1KI/+ mice between 8 and 12 weeks. Moreover, Evi1KI/+ mice showed delayed leukocyte and platelet recovery after 5-fluorouracil-induced myelosuppression. These findings suggest that Evi1KI/+ mice recapitulate the bone marrow dysfunction in RUSAT, similar to that caused by loss-of-function Mecom alleles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koki Nagai
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Niihori
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Akihiko Muto
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Hayashi
- Division of Functional Structure, Department of Morphological Biology, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Taiki Abe
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Igarashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoko Aoki
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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4
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Zhao HG, Deininger M. Always stressed but never exhausted: how stem cells in myeloid neoplasms avoid extinction in inflammatory conditions. Blood 2023; 141:2797-2812. [PMID: 36947811 PMCID: PMC10315634 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022017152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic or recurrent episodes of acute inflammation cause attrition of normal hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) that can lead to hematopoietic failure but they drive progression in myeloid malignancies and their precursor clonal hematopoiesis. Mechanistic parallels exist between hematopoiesis in chronic inflammation and the continuously increased proliferation of myeloid malignancies, particularly myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). The ability to enter dormancy, a state of deep quiescence characterized by low oxidative phosphorylation, low glycolysis, reduced protein synthesis, and increased autophagy is central to the preservation of long-term HSCs and likely MPN SCs. The metabolic features of dormancy resemble those of diapause, a state of arrested embryonic development triggered by adverse environmental conditions. To outcompete their normal counterparts in the inflammatory MPN environment, MPN SCs co-opt mechanisms used by HSCs to avoid exhaustion, including signal attenuation by negative regulators, insulation from activating cytokine signals, anti-inflammatory signaling, and epigenetic reprogramming. We propose that new therapeutic strategies may be derived from conceptualizing myeloid malignancies as an ecosystem out of balance, in which residual normal and malignant hematopoietic cells interact in multiple ways, only few of which have been characterized in detail. Disrupting MPN SC insulation to overcome dormancy, interfering with aberrant cytokine circuits that favor MPN cells, and directly boosting residual normal HSCs are potential strategies to tip the balance in favor of normal hematopoiesis. Although eradicating the malignant cell clones remains the goal of therapy, rebalancing the ecosystem may be a more attainable objective in the short term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helong Gary Zhao
- Versiti Blood Research Institute and Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Michael Deininger
- Versiti Blood Research Institute and Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
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5
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Shin J, Kim MJ, Quan X, Kim JW, Lee S, Park S, Jeong JY, Yea K. Thrombopoietin receptor agonist antibody for treating chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:490. [PMID: 37259024 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-10975-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thrombocytopenia is a common complication in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia (CIT) leads to dose reduction and treatment delays, lowering chemotherapy efficacy and survival rate. Thus, rapid recovery and continuous maintenance of platelet count during chemotherapy cycles are crucial in patients with CIT. Thrombopoietin (TPO) and its receptor, myeloid proliferative leukemia (MPL) protein, play a major role in platelet production. Although several MPL agonists have been developed to regulate thrombopoiesis, none have been approved for the management of CIT due to concerns regarding efficacy or safety. Therefore, the development of effective MPL agonists for treating CIT needs to be further expanded. METHODS Anti-MPL antibodies were selected from the human combinatorial antibody phage libraries using phage display. We identified 2R13 as the most active clone among the binding antibodies via cell proliferation assay using BaF3/MPL cells. The effect of 2R13 on megakaryocyte differentiation was evaluated in peripheral blood CD34+ cells by analyzing megakaryocyte-specific differentiation markers (CD41a+ and CD42b+) and DNA ploidy using flow cytometry. The 2R13-induced platelet production was examined in 8- to 10-week-old wild-type BALB/c female mice and a thrombocytopenia mouse model established by intraperitoneal injection of 5-fluorouracil (150 mg/kg). The platelet counts were monitored twice a week over 14 days post-initiation of treatment with a single injection of 2R13, or recombinant human TPO (rhTPO) for seven consecutive days. RESULTS We found that 2R13 specifically interacted with MPL and activated its signaling pathways. 2R13 stimulated megakaryocyte differentiation, evidenced by increasing the proportion of high-ploidy (≥ 8N) megakaryocytes in peripheral blood-CD34+ cells. The platelet count was increased by a single injection of 2R13 for up to 14 days. Injection of 5-fluorouracil considerably reduced the platelet count by day 4, which was recovered by 2R13. The platelets produced by 2R13 sustained a higher count than that achieved using seven consecutive injections of rhTPO. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that 2R13 is a promising therapeutic agent for CIT treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwon Shin
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Jung Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, 49267, Republic of Korea
| | - Xingguo Quan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, 47392, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Woong Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Kookmin University, Seoul, 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukmook Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Kookmin University, Seoul, 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - SaeGwang Park
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, 47392, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jee-Yeong Jeong
- Department of Biochemistry, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, 49267, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyungmoo Yea
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea.
- New Biology Research Center, DGIST, Daegu, 43024, Republic of Korea.
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6
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Lecomte S, Devreux J, de Streel G, van Baren N, Havelange V, Schröder D, Vaherto N, Vanhaver C, Vanderaa C, Dupuis N, Pecquet C, Coulie PG, Constantinescu SN, Lucas S. Therapeutic activity of GARP:TGF-β1 blockade in murine primary myelofibrosis. Blood 2023; 141:490-502. [PMID: 36322928 PMCID: PMC10651781 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022017097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary myelofibrosis (PMF) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by the clonal expansion of myeloid cells, notably megakaryocytes (MKs), and an aberrant cytokine production leading to bone marrow (BM) fibrosis and insufficiency. Current treatment options are limited. TGF-β1, a profibrotic and immunosuppressive cytokine, is involved in PMF pathogenesis. While all cell types secrete inactive, latent TGF-β1, only a few activate the cytokine via cell type-specific mechanisms. The cellular source of the active TGF-β1 implicated in PMF is not known. Transmembrane protein GARP binds and activates latent TGF-β1 on the surface of regulatory T lymphocytes (Tregs) and MKs or platelets. Here, we found an increased expression of GARP in the BM and spleen of mice with PMF and tested the therapeutic potential of a monoclonal antibody (mAb) that blocks TGF-β1 activation by GARP-expressing cells. GARP:TGF-β1 blockade reduced not only fibrosis but also the clonal expansion of transformed cells. Using mice carrying a genetic deletion of Garp in either Tregs or MKs, we found that the therapeutic effects of GARP:TGF-β1 blockade in PMF imply targeting GARP on Tregs. These therapeutic effects, accompanied by increased IFN-γ signals in the spleen, were lost upon CD8 T-cell depletion. Our results suggest that the selective blockade of TGF-β1 activation by GARP-expressing Tregs increases a CD8 T-cell-mediated immune reaction that limits transformed cell expansion, providing a novel approach that could be tested to treat patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Lecomte
- de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Julien Devreux
- de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Nicolas van Baren
- de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Violaine Havelange
- de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Hematology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - David Schröder
- de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Noora Vaherto
- de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | - Noémie Dupuis
- de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christian Pecquet
- de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre G. Coulie
- de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Stefan N. Constantinescu
- de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Wavre, Belgium
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Oxford, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sophie Lucas
- de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Wavre, Belgium
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7
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Shiroshita K, Kobayashi H, Watanuki S, Karigane D, Sorimachi Y, Fujita S, Tamaki S, Haraguchi M, Itokawa N, Aoyoama K, Koide S, Masamoto Y, Kobayashi K, Nakamura-Ishizu A, Kurokawa M, Iwama A, Okamoto S, Kataoka K, Takubo K. A culture platform to study quiescent hematopoietic stem cells following genome editing. CELL REPORTS METHODS 2022; 2:100354. [PMID: 36590688 PMCID: PMC9795334 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2022.100354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Other than genetically engineered mice, few reliable platforms are available for the study of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) quiescence. Here we present a platform to analyze HSC cell cycle quiescence by combining culture conditions that maintain quiescence with a CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing system optimized for HSCs. We demonstrate that preculture of HSCs enhances editing efficiency by facilitating nuclear transport of ribonucleoprotein complexes. For post-editing culture, mouse and human HSCs edited based on non-homologous end joining and cultured under low-cytokine, low-oxygen, and high-albumin conditions retain their phenotypes and quiescence better than those cultured under the proliferative conditions. Using this approach, HSCs regain quiescence even after editing by homology-directed repair. Our results show that low-cytokine culture conditions for gene-edited HSCs are a useful approach for investigating HSC quiescence ex vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Shiroshita
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kobayashi
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Shintaro Watanuki
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Daiki Karigane
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yuriko Sorimachi
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Shinya Fujita
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Shinpei Tamaki
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Miho Haraguchi
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Naoki Itokawa
- Division of Stem Cell and Molecular Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Aoyoama
- Division of Stem Cell and Molecular Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Shuhei Koide
- Division of Stem Cell and Molecular Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Yosuke Masamoto
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Kenta Kobayashi
- Section of Viral Vector Development, Center for Genetic Analysis of Behavior, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
| | - Ayako Nakamura-Ishizu
- Department of Microscopic and Developmental Anatomy, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Mineo Kurokawa
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Atsushi Iwama
- Division of Stem Cell and Molecular Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Okamoto
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kataoka
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
- Division of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Keiyo Takubo
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
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8
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Wang J, Erlacher M, Fernandez-Orth J. The role of inflammation in hematopoiesis and bone marrow failure: What can we learn from mouse models? Front Immunol 2022; 13:951937. [PMID: 36032161 PMCID: PMC9403273 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.951937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoiesis is a remarkable system that plays an important role in not only immune cell function, but also in nutrient transport, hemostasis and wound healing among other functions. Under inflammatory conditions, steady-state hematopoiesis switches to emergency myelopoiesis to give rise to the effector cell types necessary to fight the acute insult. Sustained or aberrant exposure to inflammatory signals has detrimental effects on the hematopoietic system, leading to increased proliferation, DNA damage, different forms of cell death (i.e., apoptosis, pyroptosis and necroptosis) and bone marrow microenvironment modifications. Together, all these changes can cause premature loss of hematopoiesis function. Especially in individuals with inherited bone marrow failure syndromes or immune-mediated aplastic anemia, chronic inflammatory signals may thus aggravate cytopenias and accelerate disease progression. However, the understanding of the inflammation roles in bone marrow failure remains limited. In this review, we summarize the different mechanisms found in mouse models regarding to inflammatory bone marrow failure and discuss implications for future research and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Miriam Erlacher
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Juncal Fernandez-Orth
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Juncal Fernandez-Orth,
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9
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Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) regeneration is the remarkable process by which extremely rare, normally inactive cells of the bone marrow can replace an entire organ if called to do so by injury or harnessed by transplantation. HSC research is arguably the first quantitative single-cell science and the foundation of adult stem cell biology. Bone marrow transplant is the oldest and most refined technique of regenerative medicine. Here we review the intertwined history of the discovery of HSCs and bone marrow transplant, the molecular and cellular mechanisms of HSC self-renewal, and the use of HSCs and their derivatives for cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitch Biermann
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Tannishtha Reya
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
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10
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Chen B, Mu C, Zhang Z, He X, Liu X. The Love-Hate Relationship Between TGF-β Signaling and the Immune System During Development and Tumorigenesis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:891268. [PMID: 35720407 PMCID: PMC9204485 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.891268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Since TGF-β was recognized as an essential secreted cytokine in embryogenesis and adult tissue homeostasis a decade ago, our knowledge of the role of TGF-β in mammalian development and disease, particularly cancer, has constantly been updated. Mounting evidence has confirmed that TGF-β is the principal regulator of the immune system, as deprivation of TGF-β signaling completely abrogates adaptive immunity. However, enhancing TGF-β signaling constrains the immune response through multiple mechanisms, including boosting Treg cell differentiation and inducing CD8+ T-cell apoptosis in the disease context. The love-hate relationship between TGF-β signaling and the immune system makes it challenging to develop effective monotherapies targeting TGF-β, especially for cancer treatment. Nonetheless, recent work on combination therapies of TGF-β inhibition and immunotherapy have provide insights into the development of TGF-β-targeted therapies, with favorable outcomes in patients with advanced cancer. Hence, we summarize the entanglement between TGF-β and the immune system in the developmental and tumor contexts and recent progress on hijacking crucial TGF-β signaling pathways as an emerging area of cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baode Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Key Laboratory of Clinical In Vitro Diagnostic Techniques of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenglin Mu
- Institute for Intelligent Bio/Chem Manufacturing (iBCM), Zhejiang University (ZJU)-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiwei Zhang
- Institute for Intelligent Bio/Chem Manufacturing (iBCM), Zhejiang University (ZJU)-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuelin He
- Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Institute for Intelligent Bio/Chem Manufacturing (iBCM), Zhejiang University (ZJU)-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, China
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11
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Varricchio L, Hoffman R. Megakaryocytes Are Regulators of the Tumor Microenvironment and Malignant Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells in Myelofibrosis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:906698. [PMID: 35646681 PMCID: PMC9130548 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.906698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Megakaryocytes (MKs) are multifunctional hematopoietic cells that produce platelets, serve as components of bone marrow (BM) niches that support the development of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) and provide inflammatory signals. MKs can dynamically change their activities during homeostasis and following stress, thereby regulating hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) function. Myelofibrosis (MF) is a progressive chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) characterized by hyperactivation of JAK/STAT signaling and MK hyperplasia, which is associated with an aberrant inflammatory signature. Since JAK1/2 inhibitor alone is incapable of depleting the malignant HSC clones or reversing BM fibrosis, the identification of mechanisms that cooperate with MF JAK/STAT signaling to promote disease progression might help in developing combination therapies to modify disease outcomes. Chronic inflammation and MK hyperplasia result in an abnormal release of TGFβ1, which plays a critical role in the pathobiology of MF by contributing to the development of BM fibrosis. Dysregulated TGFβ signaling can also alter the hematopoietic microenvironment supporting the predominance of MF-HSCs and enhance the quiescence of the reservoir of wild-type HSCs. Upregulation of TGFβ1 levels is a relatively late event in MF, while during the early pre-fibrotic stage of MF the alarmin S100A8/S100A9 heterocomplex promotes pro-inflammatory responses and sustains the progression of MF-HSCs. In this review, we will discuss the recent advances in our understanding of the roles of abnormal megakaryopoiesis, and the altered microenvironment in MF progression and the development of novel combined targeted therapies to disrupt the aberrant interplay between MKs, the BM microenvironment and malignant HSCs which would potentially limit the expansion of MF-HSC clones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Varricchio
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ronald Hoffman
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
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12
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Novel treatments for myelofibrosis: beyond JAK inhibitors. Int J Hematol 2022; 115:645-658. [PMID: 35182376 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-022-03299-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Myelofibrosis is a chronic hematologic malignancy characterized by constitutional symptoms, bone marrow fibrosis, extramedullary hematopoiesis resulting in splenomegaly and a propensity toward leukemic progression. Given the central role of the JAK-STAT pathway in the pathobiology of myelofibrosis, JAK inhibitors are the mainstay of current pharmacologic management. Although these therapies have produced meaningful improvements in splenomegaly and symptom burden, JAK inhibitors do not significantly impact disease progression. In addition, many patients are ineligible because of disease-related cytopenias, which are exacerbated by JAK inhibitors. Therefore, there is a continued effort to identify targets outside the JAK-STAT pathway. In this review, we discuss novel therapies in development for myelofibrosis. We focus on the preclinical rationale, efficacy and safety data for non-JAK inhibitor therapies that have published or presented clinical data. Specifically, we discuss agents that target epigenetic modification (pelabresib, bomedemstat), apoptosis (navitoclax, navtemdalin), signaling pathways (parsaclisib), bone marrow fibrosis (AVID200, PRM-151), in addition to other targets including telomerase (imetelstat), selective inhibitor of nuclear transport (selinexor), CD123 (tagraxofusp) and erythroid maturation (luspatercept). We end by providing commentary on the ongoing and future therapeutic development in myelofibrosis.
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13
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Hu M, Lu Y, Wang S, Zhang Z, Qi Y, Chen N, Shen M, Chen F, Chen M, Yang L, Chen S, Zeng D, Wang F, Su Y, Xu Y, Wang J. CD63 acts as a functional marker in maintaining hematopoietic stem cell quiescence through supporting TGFβ signaling in mice. Cell Death Differ 2022; 29:178-191. [PMID: 34363017 PMCID: PMC8738745 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-021-00848-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) fate is tightly controlled by various regulators, whereas the underlying mechanism has not been fully uncovered due to the high heterogeneity of these populations. In this study, we identify tetraspanin CD63 as a novel functional marker of HSCs in mice. We show that CD63 is unevenly expressed on the cell surface in HSC populations. Importantly, HSCs with high CD63 expression (CD63hi) are more quiescent and have more robust self-renewal and myeloid differentiation abilities than those with negative/low CD63 expression (CD63-/lo). On the other hand, using CD63 knockout mice, we find that loss of CD63 leads to reduced HSC numbers in the bone marrow. In addition, CD63-deficient HSCs exhibit impaired quiescence and long-term repopulating capacity, accompanied by increased sensitivity to irradiation and 5-fluorouracil treatment. Further investigations demonstrate that CD63 is required to sustain TGFβ signaling activity through its interaction with TGFβ receptors I and II, thereby playing an important role in regulating the quiescence of HSCs. Collectively, our data not only reveal a previously unrecognized role of CD63 but also provide us with new insights into HSC heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjia Hu
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yukai Lu
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Song Wang
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zihao Zhang
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Qi
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Naicheng Chen
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mingqiang Shen
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fang Chen
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mo Chen
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lijing Yang
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shilei Chen
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dongfeng Zeng
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682Department of Hematology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fengchao Wang
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yongping Su
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Xu
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Junping Wang
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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14
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Varricchio L, Iancu-Rubin C, Upadhyaya B, Zingariello M, Martelli F, Verachi P, Clementelli C, Denis JF, Rahman AH, Tremblay G, Mascarenhas J, Mesa RA, O'Connor-McCourt M, Migliaccio AR, Hoffman R. TGFβ1 protein trap AVID200 beneficially affects hematopoiesis and bone marrow fibrosis in myelofibrosis. JCI Insight 2021; 6:e145651. [PMID: 34383713 PMCID: PMC8492354 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.145651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Myelofibrosis (MF) is a progressive chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by hyperactivation of JAK/STAT signaling and dysregulation of the transcription factor GATA1 in megakaryocytes (MKs). TGF-β plays a pivotal role in the pathobiology of MF by promoting BM fibrosis and collagen deposition and by enhancing the dormancy of normal hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). In this study, we show that MF-MKs elaborated significantly greater levels of TGF-β1 than TGF-β2 and TGF-β3 to a varying degree, and we evaluated the ability of AVID200, a potent TGF-β1/TGF-β3 protein trap, to block the excessive TGF-β signaling. Treatment of human mesenchymal stromal cells with AVID200 significantly reduced their proliferation, decreased phosphorylation of SMAD2, and interfered with the ability of TGF-β1 to induce collagen expression. Moreover, treatment of MF mononuclear cells with AVID200 led to increased numbers of progenitor cells (PCs) with WT JAK2 rather than mutated JAK2V617F. This effect of AVID200 on MF PCs was attributed to its ability to block TGF-β1–induced p57Kip2 expression and SMAD2 activation, thereby allowing normal rather than MF PCs to preferentially proliferate and form hematopoietic colonies. To assess the in vivo effects of AVID200, Gata1lo mice, a murine model of MF, were treated with AVID200, resulting in the reduction in BM fibrosis and an increase in BM cellularity. AVID200 treatment also increased the frequency and numbers of murine progenitor cells as well as short-term and long-term HSCs. Collectively, these data provide the rationale for TGF-β1 blockade, with AVID200 as a therapeutic strategy for patients with MF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Varricchio
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States of America
| | - Camelia Iancu-Rubin
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States of America
| | - Bhaskar Upadhyaya
- Human Immune Monitoring Core, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States of America
| | | | - Fabrizio Martelli
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Verachi
- Biomedical and Neuromotorial Sciences, Alma Mater University, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cara Clementelli
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States of America
| | | | - Adeeb H Rahman
- Human Immune Monitoring Core, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States of America
| | | | - John Mascarenhas
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States of America
| | - Ruben A Mesa
- Hematology Oncology, Mays Cancer Center, San Antonio, United States of America
| | | | | | - Ronald Hoffman
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, United States of America
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15
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Woods K, Guezguez B. Dynamic Changes of the Bone Marrow Niche: Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Their Progeny During Aging and Leukemia. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:714716. [PMID: 34447754 PMCID: PMC8383146 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.714716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are a heterogenous cell population found in a wide range of tissues in the body, known for their nutrient-producing and immunomodulatory functions. In the bone marrow (BM), these MSCs are critical for the regulation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) that are responsible for daily blood production and functional immunity throughout an entire organism's lifespan. Alongside other stromal cells, MSCs form a specialized microenvironment BM tissue called "niche" that tightly controls HSC self-renewal and differentiation. In addition, MSCs are crucial players in maintaining bone integrity and supply of hormonal nutrients due to their capacity to differentiate into osteoblasts and adipocytes which also contribute to cellular composition of the BM niche. However, MSCs are known to encompass a large heterogenous cell population that remains elusive and poorly defined. In this review, we focus on deciphering the BM-MSC biology through recent advances in single-cell identification of hierarchical subsets with distinct functionalities and transcriptional profiles. We also discuss the contribution of MSCs and their osteo-adipo progeny in modulating the complex direct cell-to-cell or indirect soluble factors-mediated interactions of the BM HSC niche during homeostasis, aging and myeloid malignancies. Lastly, we examine the therapeutic potential of MSCs for rejuvenation and anti-tumor remedy in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Woods
- German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Borhane Guezguez
- German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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16
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Induction of blood-circulating bile acids supports recovery from myelosuppressive chemotherapy. Blood Adv 2021; 4:1833-1843. [PMID: 32365188 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2019000133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapeutic agents can reduce bone marrow (BM) activity, causing myelosuppression, a common life-threatening complication of cancer treatment. It is challenging to predict the patients in whom prolonged myelosuppression will occur, resulting in a delay or discontinuation of the treatment protocol. An early indicator of recovery from myelosuppression would thus be highly beneficial in clinical settings. In this study, bile acids (BAs) were highly increased in the systemic circulation as a natural response during recovery from myelosuppression, supporting regeneration of BM cells. BA levels in the blood of pediatric cancer patients and mice treated with chemotherapeutic agents were increased, in synchrony with early proliferation of BM cells and recovery from myelosuppression. In a mouse model of altered BA composition, Cyp8b1 knockout mice, a subset of mice recovered poorly after chemotherapy. The poor recovery correlated with low levels and changes in composition of BAs in the liver and systemic circulation. Conversely, BA supplementation in chemotherapy-treated wild-type mice resulted in significantly improved recovery. The results suggest that part of the mechanism by which BAs support recovery is the suppression of endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways in expanding and recovering hematopoietic cells. The findings propose a novel role of BAs as early markers of recovery and active components of the recovery process after chemotherapy.
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17
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Megakaryocyte TGFβ1 partitions erythropoiesis into immature progenitor/stem cells and maturing precursors. Blood 2021; 136:1044-1054. [PMID: 32548608 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2019003276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Erythropoietin (EPO) provides the major survival signal to maturing erythroid precursors (EPs) and is essential for terminal erythropoiesis. Nonetheless, progenitor cells can irreversibly commit to an erythroid fate well before EPO acts, risking inefficiency if these progenitors are unneeded to maintain red blood cell (RBC) counts. We identified a new modular organization of erythropoiesis and, for the first time, demonstrate that the pre-EPO module is coupled to late EPO-dependent erythropoiesis by megakaryocyte (Mk) signals. Disrupting megakaryocytic transforming growth factor β1 (Tgfb1) disorganized hematopoiesis by expanding the pre-EPO pool of progenitor cells and consequently triggering significant apoptosis of EPO-dependent EPs. Similarly, pharmacologic blockade of TGFβ signaling in normal mice boosted the pre-EPO module, leading to apoptosis of EPO-sensitive EPs. Subsequent treatment with low-dose EPO triggered robust RBC production in both models. This work reveals modular regulation of erythropoiesis and offers a new strategy for overcoming chronic anemias.
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18
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Filippi MD. Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) divisional memory: The journey of mitochondrial metabolism through HSC division. Exp Hematol 2021; 96:27-34. [PMID: 33515636 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2021.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are characterized by their ability to produce all cells of the blood and immune system and have been used for transplantation for decades. Although the regenerative potential of HSCs is high, their self-renewal potential is limited. HSC functions are inversely correlated with their divisional history. Recent advances in our understanding of the regulation of HSCs through cell division suggest that HSCs may never replicate into identical self, but rather replicate into progeny that gradually lose functionality at each round of division. HSC division is accompanied by major transcriptional and metabolic changes. In this perspective, the possibility that mitochondrial metabolism confers HSC division memory and programs HSCs for extinction is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Dominique Filippi
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Research Foundation, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH.
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19
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Stucker S, Chen J, Watt FE, Kusumbe AP. Bone Angiogenesis and Vascular Niche Remodeling in Stress, Aging, and Diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:602269. [PMID: 33324652 PMCID: PMC7726257 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.602269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The bone marrow (BM) vascular niche microenvironments harbor stem and progenitor cells of various lineages. Bone angiogenesis is distinct and involves tissue-specific signals. The nurturing vascular niches in the BM are complex and heterogenous consisting of distinct vascular and perivascular cell types that provide crucial signals for the maintenance of stem and progenitor cells. Growing evidence suggests that the BM niche is highly sensitive to stress. Aging, inflammation and other stress factors induce changes in BM niche cells and their crosstalk with tissue cells leading to perturbed hematopoiesis, bone angiogenesis and bone formation. Defining vascular niche remodeling under stress conditions will improve our understanding of the BM vascular niche and its role in homeostasis and disease. Therefore, this review provides an overview of the current understanding of the BM vascular niches for hematopoietic stem cells and their malfunction during aging, bone loss diseases, arthritis and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Stucker
- Tissue and Tumor Microenvironments Group, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Junyu Chen
- Tissue and Tumor Microenvironments Group, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fiona E. Watt
- Centre for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis Versus Arthritis, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Anjali P. Kusumbe
- Tissue and Tumor Microenvironments Group, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Centre for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis Versus Arthritis, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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20
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Krambs JR, Abou Ezzi G, Yao JC, Link DC. Canonical signaling by TGF family members in mesenchymal stromal cells is dispensable for hematopoietic niche maintenance under basal and stress conditions. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233751. [PMID: 32470079 PMCID: PMC7259882 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells are an important component of the bone marrow hematopoietic niche. Prior studies showed that signaling from members of the transforming growth factor (TGF) superfamily in mesenchymal stromal cells is required for normal niche development. Here, we assessed the impact of TGF family signaling on niche maintenance and stress responses by deleting Smad4 in mesenchymal stromal cells at birth, thereby abrogating canonical TGF signaling. No alteration in the number or spatial organization of CXCL12-abundant reticular (CAR) cells, osteoblasts, or adipocytes was observed in Osx-Cre, Smad4fl/fl mice, and expression of key niche factors was normal. Basal hematopoiesis and stress erythropoiesis responses to acute hemolytic anemia were normal. TGF-β potently inhibits stromal CXCL12 expression in vitro; however, G-CSF induced decreases in bone marrow CXCL12 expression and subsequent hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell mobilization were normal in Osx-Cre, Tgfbr2fl/fl mice, in which all TGF-β signaling in mesenchymal stromal is lost. Finally, although a prior study showed that TGF-β enhances recovery from myeloablative therapy, hematopoietic recovery following single or multiple doses of 5-flurauracil were normal in Osx-Cre, Tgfbr2fl/fl mice. Collectively, these data suggest that TGF family member signaling in mesenchymal stromal cells is dispensable for hematopoietic niche maintenance under basal and stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Ryan Krambs
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States of America
| | - Grazia Abou Ezzi
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States of America
| | - Juo-Chin Yao
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States of America
| | - Daniel C. Link
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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21
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Ishikawa G, Fujiwara N, Hirschfield H, Varricchio L, Hoshida Y, Barosi G, Rosti V, Padilla M, Mazzarini M, Friedman SL, Hoffman R, Migliaccio AR. Shared and Tissue-Specific Expression Signatures between Bone Marrow from Primary Myelofibrosis and Essential Thrombocythemia. Exp Hematol 2019; 79:16-25.e3. [PMID: 31678370 PMCID: PMC6910948 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2019.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Megakaryocytes have been implicated in the micro-environmental abnormalities associated with fibrosis and hematopoietic failure in the bone marrow (BM) of primary myelofibrosis (PMF) patients, the Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) associated with the poorest prognosis. To identify possible therapeutic targets for restoring BM functions in PMF, we compared the expression profiling of PMF BM with that of BM from essential thrombocytopenia (ET), a fibrosis-free MPN also associated with BM megakaryocyte hyperplasia. The signature of PMF BM was also compared with published signatures associated with liver and lung fibrosis. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) identified distinctive differences between the expression profiles of PMF and ET. Notch, K-Ras, IL-8, and apoptosis pathways were altered the most in PMF as compared with controls. By contrast, cholesterol homeostasis, unfolded protein response, and hypoxia were the pathways found altered to the greatest degree in ET compared with control specimens. BM from PMF expressed a noncanonical transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signature, which included activation of ID1, JUN, GADD45b, and genes with binding motifs for the JUN transcriptional complex AP1. By contrast, the expression of ID1 and GADD45b was not altered and there was a modest signal for JUN activation in ET. The similarities among PMF, liver fibrosis, and lung fibrosis were modest and included activation of integrin-α9 and tropomyosin-α1 between PMF and liver fibrosis, and of ectoderm-neural cortex protein 1 and FRAS1-related extracellular matrix protein 1 between PMF and lung fibrosis, but not TGF-β. These data identify TGF-β as a potential target for micro-environmental therapy in PMF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genta Ishikawa
- Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Naoto Fujiwara
- Division of Liver Diseases, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Liver Tumor Translational Research Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Hadassa Hirschfield
- Division of Liver Diseases, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Lilian Varricchio
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Yujin Hoshida
- Division of Liver Diseases, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Liver Tumor Translational Research Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Giovanni Barosi
- Center for the Study of Myelofibrosis, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Advanced Diagnostic, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Vittorio Rosti
- Center for the Study of Myelofibrosis, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Advanced Diagnostic, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Maria Padilla
- Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Maria Mazzarini
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotorial Sciences, Alma Mater University, Bologna, Italy
| | - Scott L Friedman
- Division of Liver Diseases, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Ronald Hoffman
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Anna Rita Migliaccio
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotorial Sciences, Alma Mater University, Bologna, Italy.
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22
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TGF-β Signaling in Cellular Senescence and Aging-Related Pathology. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20205002. [PMID: 31658594 PMCID: PMC6834140 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20205002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is broadly defined as the functional decline that occurs in all body systems. The accumulation of senescent cells is considered a hallmark of aging and thought to contribute to the aging pathologies. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a pleiotropic cytokine that regulates a myriad of cellular processes and has important roles in embryonic development, physiological tissue homeostasis, and various pathological conditions. TGF-β exerts potent growth inhibitory activities in various cell types, and multiple growth regulatory mechanisms have reportedly been linked to the phenotypes of cellular senescence and stem cell aging in previous studies. In addition, accumulated evidence has indicated a multifaceted association between TGF-β signaling and aging-associated disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease, muscle atrophy, and obesity. The findings regarding these diseases suggest that the impairment of TGF-β signaling in certain cell types and the upregulation of TGF-β ligands contribute to cell degeneration, tissue fibrosis, inflammation, decreased regeneration capacity, and metabolic malfunction. While the biological roles of TGF-β depend highly on cell types and cellular contexts, aging-associated changes are an important additional context which warrants further investigation to better understand the involvement in various diseases and develop therapeutic options. The present review summarizes the relationships between TGF-β signaling and cellular senescence, stem cell aging, and aging-related diseases.
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23
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Zhang Y, Ye T, Gong S, Hong Z, Zhou X, Liu H, Qu H, Qian J. RNA-sequencing based bone marrow cell transcriptome analysis reveals the potential mechanisms of E'jiao against blood-deficiency in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 118:109291. [PMID: 31401395 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
As a health-care food and traditional Chinese medicine, E'jiao, from the skin of Equus animus L, has been used to nourish blood in China for more than 2000 years. In modern medicine, there are also evidences indicate it has a beneficial effect on chemotherapy-caused blood deficiency. However, its mechanism of action for blood invigoration remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the hematopoietic effect of E'jiao in 5-Fluorouracil-treated mice. In addition to the counting of bone marrow nucleated cells (BMNCs), flow cytometry was used to detect the population of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), and colony-forming unit (CFU) was used to assay the differentiation ability of hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs). Gene expression profiles of bone marrow cells were obtained from RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed with an emphasis on hematopoiesis-related pathways. The results show that E'jiao promotes the proliferation of both BMNCs and HSCs, as well as the differentiation of HPCs. By providing a hematopoiesis-related molecular regulatory network of E'jiao, we point out that the mechanism of E'jiao is associated with pathways including ECM-receptor interaction, Wnt signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, TGF-beta signaling pathway, Hematopoietic cell lineage and Osteoclast differentiation, in which Ibsp, Col1a1, Col1a2, Notum, Sost, Dkk1, Irx5, Irx3 and Dcn are the key regulatory molecules. These findings provide valuable molecular basis for the mechanism of action of E'jiao.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; National Engineering Research Center for Gelatin-based Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dong-E-E-Jiao Co., Ltd., Liaocheng, China
| | - Tingting Ye
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuqing Gong
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhuping Hong
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiangshan Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center for Gelatin-based Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dong-E-E-Jiao Co., Ltd., Liaocheng, China
| | - Haibin Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Gelatin-based Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dong-E-E-Jiao Co., Ltd., Liaocheng, China.
| | - Haibin Qu
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Jing Qian
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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24
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Abou-Ezzi G, Supakorndej T, Zhang J, Anthony B, Krambs J, Celik H, Karpova D, Craft CS, Link DC. TGF-β Signaling Plays an Essential Role in the Lineage Specification of Mesenchymal Stem/Progenitor Cells in Fetal Bone Marrow. Stem Cell Reports 2019; 13:48-60. [PMID: 31204302 PMCID: PMC6626889 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2019.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells are key components of hematopoietic niches in the bone marrow. Here we abrogated transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling in mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (MSPCs) by deleting Tgfbr2 in mesenchymal cells using a doxycycline-repressible Sp7 (osterix)-Cre transgene. We show that loss of TGF-β signaling during fetal development results in a marked expansion of CXCL12-abundant reticular (CAR) cells and adipocytes in the bone marrow, while osteoblasts are significantly reduced. These stromal alterations are associated with significant defects in hematopoiesis, including a shift from lymphopoiesis to myelopoiesis. However, hematopoietic stem cell function is preserved. Interestingly, TGF-β signaling is dispensable for the maintenance of mesenchymal cells in the bone marrow after birth under steady-state conditions. Collectively, these data show that TGF-β plays an essential role in the lineage specification of fetal but not definitive MSPCs and is required for the establishment of normal hematopoietic niches in fetal and perinatal bone marrow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazia Abou-Ezzi
- Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, Campus Box 8007, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Teerawit Supakorndej
- Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, Campus Box 8007, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Jingzhu Zhang
- Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, Campus Box 8007, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Bryan Anthony
- Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, Campus Box 8007, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Joseph Krambs
- Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, Campus Box 8007, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Hamza Celik
- Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, Campus Box 8007, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Darja Karpova
- Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, Campus Box 8007, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Clarissa S Craft
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Daniel C Link
- Division of Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, Campus Box 8007, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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25
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Cossío I, Lucas D, Hidalgo A. Neutrophils as regulators of the hematopoietic niche. Blood 2019; 133:2140-2148. [PMID: 30898859 PMCID: PMC6524561 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2018-10-844571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The niche that supports hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) in the bone marrow is a highly dynamic structure. It maintains core properties of HSPCs in the steady state, and modulates their proliferation and differentiation in response to changing physiological demands or pathological insults. The dynamic and environment-sensing properties of the niche are shared by the innate immune system. Thus, it is not surprising that innate immune cells, including macrophages and neutrophils, are now recognized as important regulators of the hematopoietic niche and, ultimately, of the stem cells from which they derive. This review synthesizes emerging concepts on niche regulation by immune cells, with a particular emphasis on neutrophils. We argue that the unique developmental, circadian, and migratory properties of neutrophils underlie their critical contributions as regulators of the hematopoietic niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itziar Cossío
- Area of Cell and Developmental Biology, Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC) Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Lucas
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; and
| | - Andrés Hidalgo
- Area of Cell and Developmental Biology, Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC) Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximillians-Universität, Munich, Germany
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26
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Ruiz-Gutierrez M, Bölükbaşı ÖV, Alexe G, Kotini AG, Ballotti K, Joyce CE, Russell DW, Stegmaier K, Myers K, Novina CD, Papapetrou EP, Shimamura A. Therapeutic discovery for marrow failure with MDS predisposition using pluripotent stem cells. JCI Insight 2019; 5:125157. [PMID: 31039138 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.125157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Monosomy 7 or deletion of 7q (del(7q)) are common clonal cytogenetic abnormalities associated with high grade myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) arising in inherited and acquired bone marrow failure. Current non-transplant approaches to treat marrow failure may be complicated by stimulation of clonal outgrowth. To study the biological consequences of del(7q) within the context of a failing marrow, we generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from patients with Shwachman Diamond Syndrome (SDS), a bone marrow failure disorder with MDS predisposition, and genomically engineered a 7q deletion. The TGFβ pathway was the top differentially regulated pathway in transcriptomic analysis of SDS versus SDSdel(7q) iPSCs. SMAD2 phosphorylation was increased in SDS relative to wild type cells consistent with hyperactivation of the TGFbeta pathway in SDS. Phospho-SMAD2 levels were reduced following 7q deletion in SDS cells and increased upon restoration of 7q diploidy. Inhibition of the TGFbeta pathway rescued hematopoiesis in SDS-iPSCs and in bone marrow hematopoietic cells from SDS patients while it had no impact on the SDSdel(7q) cells. These results identified a potential targetable vulnerability to improve hematopoiesis in an MDS-predisposition syndrome, and highlight the importance of the germline context of somatic alterations to inform precision medicine approaches to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melisa Ruiz-Gutierrez
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Özge Vargel Bölükbaşı
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gabriela Alexe
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,Bioinformatics Graduate Program, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Adriana G Kotini
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Ballotti
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Cailin E Joyce
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David W Russell
- Division of Hematology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Kimberly Stegmaier
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kasiani Myers
- Division of Bone Marrow Transplant and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Carl D Novina
- Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eirini P Papapetrou
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Akiko Shimamura
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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27
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Recent studies have established that haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) remain quiescent in homeostatic conditions, and minimally contribute to haematopoietic homeostasis. However, they undergo extensive cell cycle and expansion upon bone marrow transplantation or haematopoietic injury to reestablish the haematopoietic system. Molecular basis for the HSC activation and expansion is not completely understood. Here, we review the recent study elucidating the role of the developmentally critical Ets transcription factor Etv2 in reestablishing haematopoietic system upon injury through promoting HSC regeneration. RECENT FINDINGS We recently demonstrated that the ETS transcription factor Etv2, a critical factor for haematopoietic and vascular development, is also required for haematopoietic regeneration. Etv2, which is silent in homeostatic HSCs, was transiently activated in regenerating HSPCs and was required for the HSC expansion and regeneration following bone marrow transplantation or haematopoietic injury. As such, while Etv2 is dispensable for maintaining HSCs in steady states, it is required for emergency haematopoiesis. SUMMARY Etv2 has been identified as a novel regulator of haematopoietic regeneration. Comprehensive understanding of the upstream regulators and downstream effectors of Etv2 in haematopoietic regeneration would be critical for fundamental understanding of haematopoietic stem cell biology, and the findings will be broadly applicable to clinical practice involving haematopoietic regenerative medicine; bone marrow transplantation, gene therapy and in-vitro HSC expansion.
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28
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Olson TS. Translating HSC Niche Biology for Clinical Applications. CURRENT STEM CELL REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40778-019-0152-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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29
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Gurska LM, Ames K, Gritsman K. Signaling Pathways in Leukemic Stem Cells. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1143:1-39. [PMID: 31338813 PMCID: PMC7249489 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-7342-8_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and leukemic stem cells (LSCs) utilize many of the same signaling pathways for their maintenance and survival. In this review, we will focus on several signaling pathways whose roles have been extensively studied in both HSCs and LSCs. Our main focus will be on the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and several of its regulators and downstream effectors. We will also discuss several other signaling pathways of particular importance in LSCs, including the WNT/β-catenin pathway, the NOTCH pathway, and the TGFβ pathway. For each of these pathways, we will emphasize differences in how these pathways operate in LSCs, compared to their function in HSCs, to highlight opportunities for the specific therapeutic targeting of LSCs. We will also highlight areas of crosstalk between multiple signaling pathways that may affect LSC function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay M Gurska
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Kristina Ames
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Kira Gritsman
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Montefiore Hospital, Bronx, New York, USA.
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30
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Serial transplantation reveals a critical role for endoglin in hematopoietic stem cell quiescence. Blood 2018; 133:688-696. [PMID: 30593445 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2018-09-874677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) is well known for its important function in hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) quiescence. However, the molecular mechanism underlining this function remains obscure. Endoglin (Eng), a type III receptor for the TGF-β superfamily, has been shown to selectively mark long-term HSCs; however, its necessity in adult HSCs is unknown due to embryonic lethality. Using conditional deletion of Eng combined with serial transplantation, we show that this TGF-β receptor is critical to maintain the HSC pool. Transplantation of Eng-deleted whole bone marrow or purified HSCs into lethally irradiated mice results in a profound engraftment defect in tertiary and quaternary recipients. Cell cycle analysis of primary grafts revealed decreased frequency of HSCs in G0, suggesting that lack of Eng impairs reentry of HSCs to quiescence. Using cytometry by time of flight (CyTOF) to evaluate the activity of signaling pathways in individual HSCs, we find that Eng is required within the Lin-Sca+Kit+-CD48- CD150+ fraction for canonical and noncanonical TGF-β signaling, as indicated by decreased phosphorylation of SMAD2/3 and the p38 MAPK-activated protein kinase 2, respectively. These findings support an essential role for Eng in positively modulating TGF-β signaling to ensure maintenance of HSC quiescence.
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31
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Klamer SE, Dorland YL, Kleijer M, Geerts D, Lento WE, van der Schoot CE, von Lindern M, Voermans C. TGFBI Expressed by Bone Marrow Niche Cells and Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells Regulates Hematopoiesis. Stem Cells Dev 2018; 27:1494-1506. [PMID: 30084753 PMCID: PMC6209430 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2018.0124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The interactions of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) with extracellular matrix (ECM) components and cells from the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment control their homeostasis. Regenerative BM conditions can induce expression of the ECM protein transforming growth factor beta-induced gene H3 (TGFBI or BIGH3) in murine HSPCs. In this study, we examined how increased or reduced TGFBI expression in human HSPCs and BM mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) affects HSPC maintenance, differentiation, and migration. HSPCs that overexpressed TGFBI showed accelerated megakaryopoiesis, whereas granulocyte differentiation and proliferation of granulocyte, erythrocyte, and monocyte cultures were reduced. In addition, both upregulation and downregulation of TGFBI expression impaired HSPC colony-forming capacity of HSPCs. Interestingly, the colony-forming capacity of HSPCs with reduced TGFBI levels was increased after long-term co-culture with MSCs, as measured by long-term culture-colony forming cell (LTC-CFC) formation. Moreover, TGFBI downregulation in HSPCs resulted in increased cobblestone area-forming cell (CAFC) frequency, a measure for hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) capacity. Concordantly, TGFBI upregulation in HSPCs resulted in a decrease of CAFC and LTC-CFC frequency. These results indicate that reduced TGFBI levels in HSPCs enhanced HSC maintenance, but only in the presence of MSCs. In addition, reduced levels of TGFBI in MSCs affected MSC/HSPC interaction, as observed by an increased migration of HSPCs under the stromal layer. In conclusion, tight regulation of TGFBI expression in the BM niche is essential for balanced HSPC proliferation and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofieke E Klamer
- 1 Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Hematopoiesis, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yvonne L Dorland
- 2 Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Cellular Hemostasis, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marion Kleijer
- 1 Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Hematopoiesis, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dirk Geerts
- 3 Department of Medical Biology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - William E Lento
- 4 Department of Pharmacology, Duke University , Durham, North Carolina
| | - C Ellen van der Schoot
- 5 Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Experimental Immunohematology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam, the Netherlands .,6 Department of Hematology, Academic Medical Center , Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marieke von Lindern
- 1 Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Hematopoiesis, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Carlijn Voermans
- 1 Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Department of Hematopoiesis, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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32
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Restricted cell cycle is essential for clonal evolution and therapeutic resistance of pre-leukemic stem cells. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3535. [PMID: 30166543 PMCID: PMC6117297 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06021-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Pre-leukemic stem cells (pre-LSCs) give rise to leukemic stem cells through acquisition of additional gene mutations and are an important source of relapse following chemotherapy. We postulated that cell-cycle kinetics of pre-LSCs may be an important determinant of clonal evolution and therapeutic resistance. Using a doxycycline-inducible H2B-GFP transgene in a mouse model of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia to study cell cycle in vivo, we show that self-renewal, clonal evolution and therapeutic resistance are limited to a rare population of pre-LSCs with restricted cell cycle. We show that proliferative pre-LSCs are unable to return to a cell cycle-restricted state. Cell cycle-restricted pre-LSCs have activation of p53 and its downstream cell-cycle inhibitor p21. Furthermore, absence of p21 leads to proliferation of pre-LSCs, with clonal extinction through loss of asymmetric cell division and terminal differentiation. Thus, inducing proliferation of pre-LSCs represents a promising strategy to increase cure rates for acute leukemia.
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33
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Abstract
Purpose of Review Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) reside in a specialized microenvironment called the HSC niche. While key components of the niche have been known for several years, recent advances have identified several additional cell types that regulate HSC in the bone marrow (BM). Here we review our current understanding of the components and dynamics of the HSC niche. Recent Findings While the niche has been considered a stable structure, recent advances clearly show that the niche is regulated in a dynamic manner to control HSC traffic and function. Moreover the niche can rapidly remodel in response to insults to the BM in a process controlled by positive and negative regulators. Summary Multiple niche cells have been shown to be dynamically regulated by systemic and local signals to influence how the niche controls HSC function. Elucidating how different components of the niche coordinate to orchestrate HSC behavior is essential to understand how the hematopoietic system adjusts blood cell production to the demands of the body.
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34
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Wang X, Dong F, Zhang S, Yang W, Yu W, Wang Z, Zhang S, Wang J, Ma S, Wu P, Gao Y, Dong J, Tang F, Cheng T, Ema H. TGF-β1 Negatively Regulates the Number and Function of Hematopoietic Stem Cells. Stem Cell Reports 2018; 11:274-287. [PMID: 29937145 PMCID: PMC6067088 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2018.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) plays a role in the maintenance of quiescent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in vivo. We asked whether TGF-β1 controls the cell cycle status of HSCs in vitro to enhance the reconstitution activity. To examine the effect of TGF-β1 on the HSC function, we used an in vitro culture system in which single HSCs divide with the retention of their short- and long-term reconstitution ability. Extensive single-cell analyses showed that, regardless of its concentration, TGF-β1 slowed down the cell cycle progression of HSCs but consequently suppressed their self-renewal potential. Cycling HSCs were not able to go back to quiescence with TGF-β1. This study revealed a negative role of TGF-β1 in the regulation of the HSC number and reconstitution activity. TGF-β1 slows down the cell cycle progression of HSCs Cycling HSCs were unable to go back to the G0 state with TGF-β1 TGF-β1 suppresses the self-renewal potential in HSCs The reduced division rate with TGF-β1 is reversible
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing Road 288, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Fang Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing Road 288, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Sen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing Road 288, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Wanzhu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing Road 288, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Wenying Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing Road 288, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing Road 288, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing Road 288, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Jinhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing Road 288, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Shihui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing Road 288, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Peng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing Road 288, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Yun Gao
- Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ji Dong
- Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Fuchou Tang
- Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Tao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing Road 288, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Hideo Ema
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing Road 288, Tianjin 300020, China.
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35
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The Differentiation Balance of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Is Crucial to Hematopoiesis. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:1540148. [PMID: 29765406 PMCID: PMC5903338 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1540148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), the important component and regulator of bone marrow microenvironment, give rise to hematopoietic-supporting stromal cells and form hematopoietic niches for hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). However, how BMSC differentiation affects hematopoiesis is poorly understood. In this review, we focus on the role of BMSC differentiation in hematopoiesis. We discussed the role of BMSCs and their progeny in hematopoiesis. We also examine the mechanisms that cause differentiation bias of BMSCs in stress conditions including aging, irradiation, and chemotherapy. Moreover, the differentiation balance of BMSCs is crucial to hematopoiesis. We highlight the negative effects of differentiation bias of BMSCs on hematopoietic recovery after bone marrow transplantation. Keeping the differentiation balance of BMSCs is critical for hematopoietic recovery. This review summarises current understanding about how BMSC differentiation affects hematopoiesis and its potential application in improving hematopoietic recovery after bone marrow transplantation.
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Velardi E, Tsai JJ, Radtke S, Cooper K, Argyropoulos KV, Jae-Hung S, Young LF, Lazrak A, Smith OM, Lieberman S, Kreines F, Shono Y, Wertheimer T, Jenq RR, Hanash AM, Narayan P, Lei Z, Moore MA, Kiem HP, van den Brink MR, Dudakov JA. Suppression of luteinizing hormone enhances HSC recovery after hematopoietic injury. Nat Med 2018; 24:239-246. [PMID: 29309056 PMCID: PMC5803436 DOI: 10.1038/nm.4470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
There is a substantial unmet clinical need for new strategies to protect the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) pool and regenerate hematopoiesis after radiation injury from either cancer therapy or accidental exposure. Increasing evidence suggests that sex hormones, beyond their role in promoting sexual dimorphism, regulate HSC self-renewal, differentiation, and proliferation. We and others have previously reported that sex-steroid ablation promotes bone marrow (BM) lymphopoiesis and HSC recovery in aged and immunodepleted mice. Here we found that a luteinizing hormone (LH)-releasing hormone antagonist (LHRH-Ant), currently in wide clinical use for sex-steroid inhibition, promoted hematopoietic recovery and mouse survival when administered 24 h after an otherwise-lethal dose of total-body irradiation (L-TBI). Unexpectedly, this protective effect was independent of sex steroids and instead relied on suppression of LH levels. Human and mouse long-term self-renewing HSCs (LT-HSCs) expressed high levels of the LH/choriogonadotropin receptor (LHCGR) and expanded ex vivo when stimulated with LH. In contrast, the suppression of LH after L-TBI inhibited entry of HSCs into the cell cycle, thus promoting HSC quiescence and protecting the cells from exhaustion. These findings reveal a role of LH in regulating HSC function and offer a new therapeutic approach for hematopoietic regeneration after hematopoietic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Velardi
- Department of Immunology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy 06122
| | - Jennifer J. Tsai
- Department of Immunology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
- Program in Immunology, Clinical Research Division and Immunotherapy Integrated Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle WA 98109
| | - Stefan Radtke
- Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Program, Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle WA 98109
| | - Kirsten Cooper
- Program in Immunology, Clinical Research Division and Immunotherapy Integrated Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle WA 98109
| | - Kimon V. Argyropoulos
- Department of Immunology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
| | - Shieh Jae-Hung
- Cell Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
| | - Lauren F. Young
- Department of Immunology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
| | - Amina Lazrak
- Department of Immunology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
| | - Odette M. Smith
- Department of Immunology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
| | - Sophie Lieberman
- Department of Immunology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
| | - Fabiana Kreines
- Department of Immunology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
| | - Yusuke Shono
- Department of Immunology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
| | - Tobias Wertheimer
- Department of Immunology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
| | - Robert R. Jenq
- Departments of Genomic Medicine and Stem Cell Transplantation Cellular Therapy, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
| | - Alan M. Hanash
- Department of Immunology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
| | - Prema Narayan
- Department of Physiology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, Illinois 62901
| | - Zhenmin Lei
- Department of OB/GYN & Women’s Health, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky 40292
| | - Malcolm A. Moore
- Cell Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
| | - Hans-Peter Kiem
- Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Program, Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle WA 98109
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98195
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 98195
| | - Marcel R.M. van den Brink
- Department of Immunology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021
| | - Jarrod A. Dudakov
- Program in Immunology, Clinical Research Division and Immunotherapy Integrated Research Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle WA 98109
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Signaling via Smad2 and Smad3 is dispensable for adult murine hematopoietic stem cell function in vivo. Exp Hematol 2017; 55:34-44.e2. [PMID: 28666967 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2017.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) is a member of a large family of polypeptide growth factors. TGFβ signals mainly through the intracellular proteins Smad2 and Smad3, which are highly similar in amino acid sequence identity. A number of studies have shown that these proteins, dependent on context, have distinct roles in the TGFβ signaling pathway. TGFβ is one of the most potent inhibitors of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell proliferation in vitro, but its role in hematopoiesis in vivo is still being determined. To circumvent possible redundancies at the receptor level and to address specifically the role of the Smad circuitry downstream of TGFβ and activin in hematopoiesis, we studied the effect of genetically deleting both Smad2 and Smad3 in adult murine hematopoietic cells. Indeed, TGFβ signaling is impaired in vitro in primitive bone marrow (BM) cells of Smad2 and Smad3 single knockout models. However, blood parameters appear normal under steady state and in the transplantation setting. Interestingly, upon deletion of both Smad2 and Smad3 in vivo, mice quickly develop a lethal inflammatory disease, suggesting that activin/TGFβ signaling is crucial for immune cell homeostasis in the adult context. Furthermore, concurrent deletion of Smad2 and Smad3 in BM cells in immune-deficient nude mice did not result in any significant alterations of the hematopoietic system. Our findings suggest that Smad2 and Smad3 function to mediate crucial aspects of the immunoregulatory properties of TGFβ, but are dispensable for any effect that TGFβ has on primitive hematopoietic cells in vivo.
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Lee Y, Decker M, Lee H, Ding L. Extrinsic regulation of hematopoietic stem cells in development, homeostasis and diseases. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 2017; 6. [PMID: 28561893 DOI: 10.1002/wdev.279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Revised: 03/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Lifelong generation of blood and immune cells depends on hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Their function is precisely regulated by complex molecular networks that integrate and respond to ever changing physiological demands of the body. Over the past several years, significant advances have been made in understanding the extrinsic regulation of HSCs during development and in homeostasis. Propelled by technical advances in the field, the cellular and molecular components of the microenvironment that support HSCs in vivo are emerging. In addition, the interaction of HSCs with their niches is appreciated as a critical contributor to the pathogenesis of a number of hematologic disorders. Here, we review these advances in detail and highlight the extrinsic regulation of HSCs in the context of development, homeostasis, and diseases. WIREs Dev Biol 2017, 6:e279. doi: 10.1002/wdev.279 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeojin Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthew Decker
- Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Heather Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lei Ding
- Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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Endoglin: a novel target for therapeutic intervention in acute leukemias revealed in xenograft mouse models. Blood 2017; 129:2526-2536. [PMID: 28351936 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2017-01-763581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoglin (CD105), a receptor of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily, has been reported to identify functional long-term repopulating hematopoietic stem cells, and has been detected in certain subtypes of acute leukemias. Whether this receptor plays a functional role in leukemogenesis remains unknown. We identified endoglin expression on the majority of blasts from patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute B-lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). Using a xenograft model, we find that CD105+ blasts are endowed with superior leukemogenic activity compared with the CD105- population. We test the effect of targeting this receptor using the monoclonal antibody TRC105, and find that in AML, TRC105 prevented the engraftment of primary AML blasts and inhibited leukemia progression following disease establishment, but in B-ALL, TRC105 alone was ineffective due to the shedding of soluble CD105. However, in both B-ALL and AML, TRC105 synergized with reduced intensity myeloablation to inhibit leukemogenesis, indicating that TRC105 may represent a novel therapeutic option for B-ALL and AML.
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40
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Genotoxicity kinetics in murine normoblasts as an approach for the in vivo action of difluorodeoxycytidine. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2017; 79:843-853. [DOI: 10.1007/s00280-017-3290-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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p190-B RhoGAP and intracellular cytokine signals balance hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell self-renewal and differentiation. Nat Commun 2017; 8:14382. [PMID: 28176763 PMCID: PMC5309857 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms regulating hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) fate choices remain ill-defined. Here, we show that a signalling network of p190-B RhoGAP-ROS-TGF-β-p38MAPK balances HSPC self-renewal and differentiation. Upon transplantation, HSPCs express high amounts of bioactive TGF-β1 protein, which is associated with high levels of p38MAPK activity and loss of HSC self-renewal in vivo. Elevated levels of bioactive TGF-β1 are associated with asymmetric fate choice in vitro in single HSPCs via p38MAPK activity and this is correlated with the asymmetric distribution of activated p38MAPK. In contrast, loss of p190-B, a RhoGTPase inhibitor, normalizes TGF-β levels and p38MAPK activity in HSPCs and is correlated with increased HSC self-renewal in vivo. Loss of p190-B also promotes symmetric retention of multi-lineage capacity in single HSPC myeloid cell cultures, further suggesting a link between p190-B-RhoGAP and non-canonical TGF-β signalling in HSPC differentiation. Thus, intracellular cytokine signalling may serve as ‘fate determinants' used by HSPCs to modulate their activity. The success of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation relies on understanding what regulates the fate decision to self-renew. Here, the authors show using both in vitro assays and in vivo transplantation that loss of the RhoGAP p190-B enhances self-renewal by inhibiting TGFβ/p38 signalling.
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Ceglia I, Dueck AC, Masiello F, Martelli F, He W, Federici G, Petricoin EF, Zeuner A, Iancu-Rubin C, Weinberg R, Hoffman R, Mascarenhas J, Migliaccio AR. Preclinical rationale for TGF-β inhibition as a therapeutic target for the treatment of myelofibrosis. Exp Hematol 2016; 44:1138-1155.e4. [PMID: 27592389 PMCID: PMC5778911 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
To assess the role of abnormal transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling in the pathogenesis of primary myelofibrosis (PMF), the effects of the TGF-β receptor-1 kinase inhibitor SB431542 on ex vivo expansion of hematopoietic cells in cultures from patients with JAK2V617+-polycythemia vera (PV) or PMF (JAK2V617F+, CALRpQ365f+, or unknown) and from normal sources (adult blood, AB, or cord blood, CB) were compared. In cultures of normal sources, SB431542 significantly increased by 2.5-fold the number of progenitor cells generated by days 1-2 (CD34+) and 6 (colony-forming cells) (CB) and that of precursor cells, mostly immature erythroblasts, by days 14-17 (AB and CB). In cultures of JAK2V617F+-PV, SB431542 increased by twofold the numbers of progenitor cells by day 10 and had no effect on that of precursors cells by days 12-17 (∼fourfold increase in all cases). In contrast, SB431542 had no effect on the number of either progenitor or precursor cells in cultures of JAK2V617F+ and CALR pQ365fs+ PMF. These ontogenetic- and disease-specific effects were associated with variegation in the ability of SB431542 to induce CD34+ cells from AB (increased), CB (decreased), or PV and PMF (unaffected) into cycle and erythroblasts in proliferation (increased for AB and PV and unaffected for CB and PMF). Differences in expansion of erythroblasts from AB, CB, and PV were associated with differences in activation of TGF-β signaling (SHCY317, SMAD2S245/250/255, and SMAD1S/S/SMAD5S/S/SMAD8S/S) detectable in these cells by phosphoproteomic profiling. In conclusion, treatment with TGF-β receptor-1 kinase inhibitors may reactivate normal hematopoiesis in PMF patients, providing a proliferative advantage over the unresponsive malignant clone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Ceglia
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Francesca Masiello
- Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Martelli
- Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Wu He
- Flow Cytometry Shared Resource Facility, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Giulia Federici
- Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy; Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuel F Petricoin
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, George Mason University, Manassas, VA, USA
| | - Ann Zeuner
- Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Camelia Iancu-Rubin
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Ronald Hoffman
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - John Mascarenhas
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anna Rita Migliaccio
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotorial Sciences, Alma Mater University, Bologna, Italy.
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Ghode SS, Bajaj MS, Kulkarni RS, Limaye LS, Shouche YS, Kale VP. Neuropilin-1 Is an Important Niche Component and Exerts Context-Dependent Effects on Hematopoietic Stem Cells. Stem Cells Dev 2016; 26:35-48. [PMID: 27676403 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2016.0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Marrow adipocytes pose a significant problem in post-transplant regeneration of hematopoiesis owing to their negative effects on regeneration of hematopoiesis. However, the precise mechanism operative in this negative regulation is not clear. In this study, we show that marrow adipocytes express neuropilin-1 (NRP1) as a function of differentiation and inhibit regeneration of hematopoiesis by three principal mechanisms: one, by inducing apoptosis in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) through the death receptor-mediated pathway; two, by downregulating CXCR4 expression on the HSPCs through ligand-mediated internalization; and three, by secreting copious amounts of transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1), a known inhibitor of hematopoiesis. Silencing of NRP1 in these adipocytes rescued the apoptosis of cocultured HSPCs and boosted the CXCR4 surface expression on them, showing an active role of NRP1 in these processes. However, such silencing had no effect on TGFβ1 secretion and consequent inhibition of hematopoiesis by them, showing that secretion of TGFβ1 by adipocytes is independent of NRP1 expression by them. Surprisingly, mesenchymal stromal cells modified with NRP1 supported expansion of HSPCs having enhanced functionality, suggesting that NRP1 exerts a context-dependent effect on hematopoiesis. Our data demonstrate that NRP1 is an important niche component and exerts context-dependent effects on HSPCs. Based on these data, we speculate that antibody- or peptide-mediated blocking of NRP1-HSC interactions coupled with a pharmacological inhibition of TGFβ1 signaling may help in combating the negative regulation of post-transplant regeneration of hematopoiesis in a more effective manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suprita S Ghode
- 1 Stem Cell Laboratory, National Centre for Cell Science , Pune, India
| | - Manmohan S Bajaj
- 1 Stem Cell Laboratory, National Centre for Cell Science , Pune, India
| | - Rohan S Kulkarni
- 1 Stem Cell Laboratory, National Centre for Cell Science , Pune, India
| | - Lalita S Limaye
- 1 Stem Cell Laboratory, National Centre for Cell Science , Pune, India
| | - Yogesh S Shouche
- 2 Microbial Culture Collection Centre, National Centre for Cell Science , Pune, India
| | - Vaijayanti P Kale
- 1 Stem Cell Laboratory, National Centre for Cell Science , Pune, India
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Hinge A, Filippi MD. Deconstructing the Complexity of TGFβ Signaling in Hematopoietic Stem Cells: Quiescence and Beyond. CURRENT STEM CELL REPORTS 2016; 2:388-397. [PMID: 28529843 DOI: 10.1007/s40778-016-0069-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The hematopoietic system is highly dynamic and must constantly produce new blood cells every day. Mature blood cells all derive from a pool of rare long-lived hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) that are mostly quiescent but occasionally divide and self-renew in order to maintain the stem cell pool and continuous replenishment of mature blood cells throughout life. A tight control of HSC self-renewal, commitment to differentiation and maintenance of quiescence states is necessary for lifelong blood supply. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a critical regulator hematopoietic cell functions. It is a potent inhibitor of hematopoietic cell growth. However, TGFβ functions are more complex and largely context-dependent. Emerging evidence suggests a role in aging, cell identity and cell fate decisions. Here, we will review the role of TGF-β and downstream signaling in normal HSC functions, in HSC quiescence and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwini Hinge
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Marie-Dominique Filippi
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Research Foundation, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
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45
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Smith JNP, Kanwar VS, MacNamara KC. Hematopoietic Stem Cell Regulation by Type I and II Interferons in the Pathogenesis of Acquired Aplastic Anemia. Front Immunol 2016; 7:330. [PMID: 27621733 PMCID: PMC5002897 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Aplastic anemia (AA) occurs when the bone marrow fails to support production of all three lineages of blood cells, which are necessary for tissue oxygenation, infection control, and hemostasis. The etiology of acquired AA is elusive in the vast majority of cases but involves exhaustion of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), which are usually present in the bone marrow in a dormant state, and are responsible for lifelong production of all cells within the hematopoietic system. This destruction is immune mediated and the role of interferons remains incompletely characterized. Interferon gamma (IFNγ) has been associated with AA and type I IFNs (alpha and beta) are well documented to cause bone marrow aplasia during viral infection. In models of infection and inflammation, IFNγ activates HSCs to differentiate and impairs their ability to self-renew, ultimately leading to HSC exhaustion. Recent evidence demonstrating that IFNγ also impacts the HSC microenvironment or niche, raises new questions regarding how IFNγ impairs HSC function in AA. Immune activation can also elicit type I interferons, which may exert effects both distinct from and overlapping with IFNγ on HSCs. IFNα/β increase HSC proliferation in models of sterile inflammation induced by polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid and lead to BM aplasia during viral infection. Moreover, patients being treated with IFNα exhibit cytopenias, in part due to BM suppression. Herein, we review the current understanding of how interferons contribute to the pathogenesis of acquired AA, and we explore additional potential mechanisms by which interferons directly and indirectly impair HSCs. A comprehensive understanding of how interferons impact hematopoiesis is necessary in order to identify novel therapeutic approaches for treating AA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julianne N P Smith
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical College , Albany, NY , USA
| | - Vikramjit S Kanwar
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Albany Medical Center , Albany, NY , USA
| | - Katherine C MacNamara
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical College , Albany, NY , USA
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46
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Radujkovic A, Dietrich S, Andrulis M, Benner A, Longerich T, Pellagatti A, Nanda K, Giese T, Germing U, Baldus S, Boultwood J, Ho AD, Dreger P, Luft T. Expression of CDKN1C in the bone marrow of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome and secondary acute myeloid leukemia is associated with poor survival after conventional chemotherapy. Int J Cancer 2016; 139:1402-13. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandar Radujkovic
- Department of Internal Medicine V; University Hospital Heidelberg; Heidelberg Germany
| | - Sascha Dietrich
- Department of Internal Medicine V; University Hospital Heidelberg; Heidelberg Germany
| | - Mindaugas Andrulis
- Institute of Pathology, University of Ulm; Ulm Germany
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg; Heidelberg Germany
| | - Axel Benner
- Division of Biostatistics; German Cancer Research Center; Heidelberg Germany
| | - Thomas Longerich
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg; Heidelberg Germany
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen; Aachen Germany
| | - Andrea Pellagatti
- Bloodwise Molecular Hematology Unit, NDCLS, University of Oxford; Oxford United Kingdom
| | - Kriti Nanda
- Department of Internal Medicine V; University Hospital Heidelberg; Heidelberg Germany
| | - Thomas Giese
- National Center for Tumor Diseases and Institute of Immunology, University of Heidelberg; Heidelberg Germany
| | - Ulrich Germing
- Department of Hematology; Oncology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Düsseldorf; Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Stefan Baldus
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Düsseldorf; Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Jacqueline Boultwood
- Bloodwise Molecular Hematology Unit, NDCLS, University of Oxford; Oxford United Kingdom
| | - Anthony D. Ho
- Department of Internal Medicine V; University Hospital Heidelberg; Heidelberg Germany
| | - Peter Dreger
- Department of Internal Medicine V; University Hospital Heidelberg; Heidelberg Germany
| | - Thomas Luft
- Department of Internal Medicine V; University Hospital Heidelberg; Heidelberg Germany
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47
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Billing M, Rörby E, May G, Tipping AJ, Soneji S, Brown J, Salminen M, Karlsson G, Enver T, Karlsson S. A network including TGFβ/Smad4, Gata2, and p57 regulates proliferation of mouse hematopoietic progenitor cells. Exp Hematol 2016; 44:399-409.e5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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48
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Rafii S, Butler JM, Ding BS. Angiocrine functions of organ-specific endothelial cells. Nature 2016; 529:316-25. [PMID: 26791722 DOI: 10.1038/nature17040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 629] [Impact Index Per Article: 78.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial cells that line capillaries are not just passive conduits for delivering blood. Tissue-specific endothelium establishes specialized vascular niches that deploy sets of growth factors, known as angiocrine factors. These cues participate actively in the induction, specification, patterning and guidance of organ regeneration, as well as in the maintainance of homeostasis and metabolism. When upregulated following injury, they orchestrate self-renewal and differentiation of tissue-specific resident stem and progenitor cells into functional organs. Uncovering the mechanisms by which organotypic endothelium distributes physiological levels of angiocrine factors both spatially and temporally will lay the foundation for clinical trials that promote organ repair without scarring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahin Rafii
- Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Jason M Butler
- Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Bi-Sen Ding
- Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, USA
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Hur J, Choi JI, Lee H, Nham P, Kim TW, Chae CW, Yun JY, Kang JA, Kang J, Lee SE, Yoon CH, Boo K, Ham S, Roh TY, Jun JK, Lee H, Baek SH, Kim HS. CD82/KAI1 Maintains the Dormancy of Long-Term Hematopoietic Stem Cells through Interaction with DARC-Expressing Macrophages. Cell Stem Cell 2016; 18:508-21. [PMID: 26996598 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2016.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoiesis is regulated by crosstalk between long-term repopulating hematopoietic stem cells (LT-HSCs) and supporting niche cells in the bone marrow (BM). Here, we examine the role of CD82/KAI1 in niche-mediated LT-HSC maintenance. We found that CD82/KAI1 is expressed predominantly on LT-HSCs and rarely on other hematopoietic stem-progenitor cells (HSPCs). In Cd82(-/-) mice, LT-HSCs were selectively lost as they exited from quiescence and differentiated. Mechanistically, CD82-based TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling leads to induction of CDK inhibitors and cell-cycle inhibition. The CD82 binding partner DARC/CD234 is expressed on macrophages and stabilizes CD82 on LT-HSCs, promoting their quiescence. When DARC(+) BM macrophages were ablated, the level of surface CD82 on LT-HSCs decreased, leading to cell-cycle entry, proliferation, and differentiation. A similar interaction appears to be relevant for human HSPCs. Thus, CD82 is a functional surface marker of LT-HSCs that maintains quiescence through interaction with DARC-expressing macrophages in the BM stem cell niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Hur
- National Research Laboratory for Stem Cell Niche, Center for Medical Innovation, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea; Innovative Research Institute for Cell Therapy, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Il Choi
- National Research Laboratory for Stem Cell Niche, Center for Medical Innovation, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea; Innovative Research Institute for Cell Therapy, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan Lee
- National Research Laboratory for Stem Cell Niche, Center for Medical Innovation, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea; Innovative Research Institute for Cell Therapy, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea
| | - Pniel Nham
- National Research Laboratory for Stem Cell Niche, Center for Medical Innovation, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea; Innovative Research Institute for Cell Therapy, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Won Kim
- National Research Laboratory for Stem Cell Niche, Center for Medical Innovation, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea; Innovative Research Institute for Cell Therapy, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheong-Whan Chae
- National Research Laboratory for Stem Cell Niche, Center for Medical Innovation, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea; Innovative Research Institute for Cell Therapy, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Yeon Yun
- National Research Laboratory for Stem Cell Niche, Center for Medical Innovation, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea; Innovative Research Institute for Cell Therapy, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-A Kang
- National Research Laboratory for Stem Cell Niche, Center for Medical Innovation, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea; Innovative Research Institute for Cell Therapy, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeehoon Kang
- National Research Laboratory for Stem Cell Niche, Center for Medical Innovation, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Eun Lee
- National Research Laboratory for Stem Cell Niche, Center for Medical Innovation, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Hwan Yoon
- Cardiovascular Center and Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do 463-707, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungjin Boo
- Creative Research Initiative Center for Chromatin Dynamics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokjin Ham
- BK21PLUS Fellowship Program, Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Young Roh
- BK21PLUS Fellowship Program, Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Kwan Jun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Lee
- Division of Convergence Technology, National Cancer Center, Gyeonggi-do 410-769, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hee Baek
- Creative Research Initiative Center for Chromatin Dynamics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyo-Soo Kim
- National Research Laboratory for Stem Cell Niche, Center for Medical Innovation, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea; Innovative Research Institute for Cell Therapy, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea; Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul 110-744, Republic of Korea.
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50
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TGF-β Inhibition Rescues Hematopoietic Stem Cell Defects and Bone Marrow Failure in Fanconi Anemia. Cell Stem Cell 2016; 18:668-81. [PMID: 27053300 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2016.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Revised: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA) is an inherited DNA repair disorder characterized by progressive bone marrow failure (BMF) from hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) attrition. A greater understanding of the pathogenesis of BMF could improve the therapeutic options for FA patients. Using a genome-wide shRNA screen in human FA fibroblasts, we identify transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) pathway-mediated growth suppression as a cause of BMF in FA. Blocking the TGF-β pathway improves the survival of FA cells and rescues the proliferative and functional defects of HSPCs derived from FA mice and FA patients. Inhibition of TGF-β signaling in FA HSPCs results in elevated homologous recombination (HR) repair with a concomitant decrease in non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ), accounting for the improvement in cellular growth. Together, our results suggest that elevated TGF-β signaling contributes to BMF in FA by impairing HSPC function and may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of FA.
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