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Suematsu N, Vazquez AL, Kozai TDY. Activation and depression of neural and hemodynamic responses induced by the intracortical microstimulation and visual stimulation in the mouse visual cortex. J Neural Eng 2024; 21:026033. [PMID: 38537268 PMCID: PMC11002944 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ad3853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Objective. Intracortical microstimulation (ICMS) can be an effective method for restoring sensory perception in contemporary brain-machine interfaces. However, the mechanisms underlying better control of neuronal responses remain poorly understood, as well as the relationship between neuronal activity and other concomitant phenomena occurring around the stimulation site.Approach. Different microstimulation frequencies were investigatedin vivoon Thy1-GCaMP6s mice using widefield and two-photon imaging to evaluate the evoked excitatory neural responses across multiple spatial scales as well as the induced hemodynamic responses. Specifically, we quantified stimulation-induced neuronal activation and depression in the mouse visual cortex and measured hemodynamic oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin signals using mesoscopic-scale widefield imaging.Main results. Our calcium imaging findings revealed a preference for lower-frequency stimulation in driving stronger neuronal activation. A depressive response following the neural activation preferred a slightly higher frequency stimulation compared to the activation. Hemodynamic signals exhibited a comparable spatial spread to neural calcium signals. Oxyhemoglobin concentration around the stimulation site remained elevated during the post-activation (depression) period. Somatic and neuropil calcium responses measured by two-photon microscopy showed similar dependence on stimulation parameters, although the magnitudes measured in soma was greater than in neuropil. Furthermore, higher-frequency stimulation induced a more pronounced activation in soma compared to neuropil, while depression was predominantly induced in soma irrespective of stimulation frequencies.Significance. These results suggest that the mechanism underlying depression differs from activation, requiring ample oxygen supply, and affecting neurons. Our findings provide a novel understanding of evoked excitatory neuronal activity induced by ICMS and offer insights into neuro-devices that utilize both activation and depression phenomena to achieve desired neural responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naofumi Suematsu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Alberto L Vazquez
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh and Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Takashi D Y Kozai
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh and Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
- NeuroTech Center, University of Pittsburgh Brain Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
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2
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Su Z, Liu M, Yuan Y, Jiao H. Transcranial ultrasound stimulation selectively affects cortical neurovascular coupling across neuronal types and LFP frequency bands. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhad465. [PMID: 38044470 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have affirmed that transcranial ultrasound stimulation (TUS) can influence cortical neurovascular coupling across low-frequency (0-2 Hz)/high-frequency (160-200 Hz) neural oscillations and hemodynamics. Nevertheless, the selectivity of this coupling triggered by transcranial ultrasound stimulation for spike activity (> 300 Hz) and additional frequency bands (4-150 Hz) remains elusive. We applied transcranial ultrasound stimulation to mice visual cortex while simultaneously recording total hemoglobin concentration, spike activity, and local field potentials. Our findings include (1) a significant increase in coupling strength between spike firing rates of putative inhibitory neurons/putative excitatory neurons and total hemoglobin concentration post-transcranial ultrasound stimulation; (2) an ~ 2.1-fold higher Pearson correlation coefficient between putative inhibitory neurons and total hemoglobin concentration compared with putative excitatory neurons and total hemoglobin concentration (*P < 0.05); (3) a notably greater cross-correlation between putative inhibitory neurons and total hemoglobin concentration than that between putative excitatory neurons and total hemoglobin concentration (*P < 0.05); (4) an enhancement of Pearson correlation coefficient between the relative power of γ frequency band (30-80 Hz), hγ frequency band (80-150 Hz) and total hemoglobin concentration following transcranial ultrasound stimulation (*P < 0.05); and (5) strongest cross-correlation observed at negative delay for θ frequency band, and positive delay for α, β, γ, hγ frequency bands. Collectively, these results demonstrate that cortical neurovascular coupling evoked by transcranial ultrasound stimulation exhibits selectivity concerning neuronal types and local field potential frequency bands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaocheng Su
- School of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Rehabilitation and Neuromodulation of Hebei Province, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Mengyang Liu
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Yi Yuan
- School of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Rehabilitation and Neuromodulation of Hebei Province, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Honglei Jiao
- Department of Neurology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
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3
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Suematsu N, Vazquez AL, Kozai TD. Activation and depression of neural and hemodynamic responses induced by the intracortical microstimulation and visual stimulation in the mouse visual cortex. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.01.573814. [PMID: 38260671 PMCID: PMC10802282 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.01.573814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Objective . Intracortical microstimulation can be an effective method for restoring sensory perception in contemporary brain-machine interfaces. However, the mechanisms underlying better control of neuronal responses remain poorly understood, as well as the relationship between neuronal activity and other concomitant phenomena occurring around the stimulation site. Approach . Different microstimulation frequencies were investigated in vivo on Thy1-GCaMP6s mice using widefield and two-photon imaging to evaluate the evoked excitatory neural responses across multiple spatial scales as well as the induced hemodynamic responses. Specifically, we quantified stimulation-induced neuronal activation and depression in the mouse visual cortex and measured hemodynamic oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin signals using mesoscopic-scale widefield imaging. Main results . Our calcium imaging findings revealed a preference for lower-frequency stimulation in driving stronger neuronal activation. A depressive response following the neural activation preferred a slightly higher frequency stimulation compared to the activation. Hemodynamic signals exhibited a comparable spatial spread to neural calcium signals. Oxyhemoglobin concentration around the stimulation site remained elevated during the post-activation (depression) period. Somatic and neuropil calcium responses measured by two-photon microscopy showed similar dependence on stimulation parameters, although the magnitudes measured in soma was greater than in neuropil. Furthermore, higher-frequency stimulation induced a more pronounced activation in soma compared to neuropil, while depression was predominantly induced in soma irrespective of stimulation frequencies. Significance . These results suggest that the mechanism underlying depression differs from activation, requiring ample oxygen supply, and affecting neurons. Our findings provide a novel understanding of evoked excitatory neuronal activity induced by intracortical microstimulation and offer insights into neuro-devices that utilize both activation and depression phenomena to achieve desired neural responses.
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Canepa E, Parodi-Rullan R, Vazquez-Torres R, Gamallo-Lana B, Guzman-Hernandez R, Lemon NL, Angiulli F, Debure L, Ilies MA, Østergaard L, Wisniewski T, Gutiérrez-Jiménez E, Mar AC, Fossati S. FDA-approved carbonic anhydrase inhibitors reduce amyloid β pathology and improve cognition, by ameliorating cerebrovascular health and glial fitness. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:5048-5073. [PMID: 37186121 PMCID: PMC10600328 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cerebrovascular pathology is an early and causal hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD), in need of effective therapies. METHODS Based on the success of our previous in vitro studies, we tested for the first time in a model of AD and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), the carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs) methazolamide and acetazolamide, Food and Drug Administration-approved against glaucoma and high-altitude sickness. RESULTS Both CAIs reduced cerebral, vascular, and glial amyloid beta (Aβ) accumulation and caspase activation, diminished gliosis, and ameliorated cognition in TgSwDI mice. The CAIs also improved microvascular fitness and induced protective glial pro-clearance pathways, resulting in the reduction of Aβ deposition. Notably, we unveiled that the mitochondrial carbonic anhydrase-VB (CA-VB) is upregulated in TgSwDI brains, CAA and AD+CAA human subjects, and in endothelial cells upon Aβ treatment. Strikingly, CA-VB silencing specifically reduces Aβ-mediated endothelial apoptosis. DISCUSSION This work substantiates the potential application of CAIs in clinical trials for AD and CAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Canepa
- Alzheimer’s Center at Temple, Department of Neural Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Rebecca Parodi-Rullan
- Alzheimer’s Center at Temple, Department of Neural Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Rafael Vazquez-Torres
- Alzheimer’s Center at Temple, Department of Neural Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Begona Gamallo-Lana
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Neuroscience Institute, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Roberto Guzman-Hernandez
- Alzheimer’s Center at Temple, Department of Neural Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Nicole L. Lemon
- Alzheimer’s Center at Temple, Department of Neural Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Federica Angiulli
- Alzheimer’s Center at Temple, Department of Neural Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Ludovic Debure
- Department on Neurology, Center for Cognitive Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Marc A. Ilies
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Moulder Center for Drug Discovery Research, Temple University School of Pharmacy, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Leif Østergaard
- Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience (CFIN), Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Thomas Wisniewski
- Department on Neurology, Center for Cognitive Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Eugenio Gutiérrez-Jiménez
- Center of Functionally Integrative Neuroscience (CFIN), Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Adam C. Mar
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, Neuroscience Institute, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Silvia Fossati
- Alzheimer’s Center at Temple, Department of Neural Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
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Xiao S, Giblin JT, Boas DA, Mertz J. High-throughput deep tissue two-photon microscopy at kilohertz frame rates. OPTICA 2023; 10:763-769. [PMID: 38882052 PMCID: PMC11178336 DOI: 10.1364/optica.487272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
High-speed laser scanning microscopes are essential for monitoring fast biological phenomena. However, existing strategies that achieve millisecond time resolution with two-photon microscopes (2PMs) are generally technically challenging and suffer from compromises among imaging field of view, excitation efficiency, and depth penetration in thick tissue. Here, we present a versatile solution that enables a conventional video-rate 2PM to perform 2D scanning at kilohertz frame rates over large fields of view. Our system is based on implementation of a scan multiplier unit that provides inertia-free multiplication of the scanning speed while preserving all the benefits of standard 2PM. We demonstrate kilohertz subcellular-resolution 2PM imaging with an order of magnitude higher imaging throughput than previously achievable and penetration depths exceeding 500 μm, which we apply to the study of neurovascular coupling dynamics in the mouse brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Xiao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - John T. Giblin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
- Neurophotonics Center, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - David A. Boas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
- Neurophotonics Center, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Jerome Mertz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
- Neurophotonics Center, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
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6
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Sunil S, Jiang J, Shah S, Kura S, Kilic K, Erdener SE, Ayata C, Devor A, Boas DA. Neurovascular coupling is preserved in chronic stroke recovery after targeted photothrombosis. Neuroimage Clin 2023; 38:103377. [PMID: 36948140 PMCID: PMC10034641 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2023.103377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Functional neuroimaging, which measures hemodynamic responses to brain activity, has great potential for monitoring recovery in stroke patients and guiding rehabilitation during recovery. However, hemodynamic responses after stroke are almost always altered relative to responses in healthy subjects and it is still unclear if these alterations reflect the underlying brain physiology or if the alterations are purely due to vascular injury. In other words, we do not know the effect of stroke on neurovascular coupling and are therefore limited in our ability to use functional neuroimaging to accurately interpret stroke pathophysiology. To address this challenge, we simultaneously captured neural activity, through fluorescence calcium imaging, and hemodynamics, through intrinsic optical signal imaging, during longitudinal stroke recovery. Our data suggest that neurovascular coupling was preserved in the chronic phase of recovery (2 weeks and 4 weeks post-stoke) and resembled pre-stroke neurovascular coupling. This indicates that functional neuroimaging faithfully represents the underlying neural activity in chronic stroke. Further, neurovascular coupling in the sub-acute phase of stroke recovery was predictive of long-term behavioral outcomes. Stroke also resulted in increases in global brain oscillations, which showed distinct patterns between neural activity and hemodynamics. Increased neural excitability in the contralesional hemisphere was associated with increased contralesional intrahemispheric connectivity. Additionally, sub-acute increases in hemodynamic oscillations were associated with improved sensorimotor outcomes. Collectively, these results support the use of hemodynamic measures of brain activity post-stroke for predicting functional and behavioral outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smrithi Sunil
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - John Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Shashwat Shah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Sreekanth Kura
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Kivilcim Kilic
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Sefik Evren Erdener
- Institute of Neurological Sciences and Psychiatry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cenk Ayata
- Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Anna Devor
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - David A Boas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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7
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Padawer-Curry JA, Bowen RM, Jarang A, Wang X, Lee JM, Bauer AQ. Wide-Field Optical Imaging in Mouse Models of Ischemic Stroke. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2616:113-151. [PMID: 36715932 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2926-0_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Functional neuroimaging is a powerful tool for evaluating how local and global brain circuits evolve after focal ischemia and how these changes relate to functional recovery. For example, acutely after stroke, changes in functional brain organization relate to initial deficit and are predictive of recovery potential. During recovery, the reemergence and restoration of connections lost due to stroke correlate with recovery of function. Thus, information gleaned from functional neuroimaging can be used as a proxy for behavior and inform on the efficacy of interventional strategies designed to affect plasticity mechanisms after injury. And because these findings are consistently observed across species, bridge measurements can be made in animal models to enrich findings in human stroke populations. In mice, genetic engineering techniques have provided several new opportunities for extending optical neuroimaging methods to more direct measures of neuronal activity. These developments are especially useful in the context of stroke where neurovascular coupling can be altered, potentially limiting imaging measures based on hemodynamic activity alone. This chapter is designed to give an overview of functional wide-field optical imaging (WFOI) for applications in rodent models of stroke, primarily in the mouse. The goal is to provide a protocol for laboratories that want to incorporate an affordable functional neuroimaging assay into their current research thrusts, but perhaps lack the background knowledge or equipment for developing a new arm of research in their lab. Within, we offer a comprehensive guide developing and applying WFOI technology with the hope of facilitating accessibility of neuroimaging technology to other researchers in the stroke field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonah A Padawer-Curry
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Imaging Science PhD Program, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ryan M Bowen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Anmol Jarang
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Xiaodan Wang
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jin-Moo Lee
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Adam Q Bauer
- Department of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Imaging Science PhD Program, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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8
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Fruekilde SK, Bailey CJ, Lambertsen KL, Clausen BH, Carlsen J, Xu NL, Drasbek KR, Gutiérrez-Jiménez E. Disturbed microcirculation and hyperaemic response in a murine model of systemic inflammation. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2022; 42:2303-2317. [PMID: 35999817 PMCID: PMC9670001 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x221112278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Systemic inflammation affects cognitive functions and increases the risk of dementia. This phenomenon is thought to be mediated in part by cytokines that promote neuronal survival, but the continuous exposure to which may lead to neurodegeneration. The effects of systemic inflammation on cerebral blood vessels, and their provision of adequate oxygen to support critical brain parenchymal cell functions, remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that neurovascular coupling is profoundly disturbed in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced systemic inflammation in awake mice. In the 24 hours following LPS injection, the hyperaemic response of pial vessels to functional activation was attenuated and delayed. Concurrently, under steady-state conditions, the capillary network displayed a significant increase in the number of capillaries with blocked blood flow, as well as increased duration of 'capillary stalls'-a phenomenon previously reported in animal models of stroke and Alzheimer's disease pathology. We speculate that vascular changes and impaired oxygen availability may affect brain functions following acute systemic inflammation and contribute to the long-term risk of neurodegenerative changes associated with chronic, systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Signe Kirk Fruekilde
- Center for Functionally Integrative Neuroscience (CFIN), Department of Clinical Medicine, 1006Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.,Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research (SDC), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Christopher J Bailey
- Center for Functionally Integrative Neuroscience (CFIN), Department of Clinical Medicine, 1006Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.,Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research (SDC), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Kate Lykke Lambertsen
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, 6174University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark.,BRIDGE - Brain Research - Inter-Disciplinary Guided Excellence, Department of Clinical Research, 6174University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark.,Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Bettina Hjelm Clausen
- Department of Neurobiology Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, 6174University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark.,BRIDGE - Brain Research - Inter-Disciplinary Guided Excellence, Department of Clinical Research, 6174University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Jasper Carlsen
- Research Unit for Molecular Medicine (MMF), Department of Clinical Medicine, 1006Aarhus University, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Ning-Long Xu
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research (SDC), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China.,Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Kim Ryun Drasbek
- Center for Functionally Integrative Neuroscience (CFIN), Department of Clinical Medicine, 1006Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.,Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research (SDC), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Eugenio Gutiérrez-Jiménez
- Center for Functionally Integrative Neuroscience (CFIN), Department of Clinical Medicine, 1006Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
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White BR, Chan C, Vandekar S, Shinohara RT. Statistical approaches to temporal and spatial autocorrelation in resting-state functional connectivity in mice measured with optical intrinsic signal imaging. NEUROPHOTONICS 2022; 9:041405. [PMID: 35295407 PMCID: PMC8920489 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.9.4.041405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Resting-state functional connectivity imaging in mice with optical intrinsic signal (OIS) imaging could provide a powerful translational tool for developing imaging biomarkers in preclinical disease models. However, statistical interpretation of correlation coefficients is hampered by autocorrelations in the data. Aim: We sought to better understand temporal and spatial autocorrelations in optical resting-state data. We then adapted statistical methods from functional magnetic resonance imaging to improve statistical inference. Approach: Resting-state data were obtained from mice using a custom-built OSI system. The autocorrelation time was calculated at each pixel, and z scores for correlation coefficients were calculated using Fisher transforms and variance derived from either Bartlett's method or xDF. The significance of each correlation coefficient was determined through control of the false discovery rate (FDR). Results: Autocorrelation was generally even across the cortex and parcellation reduced variance. Correcting variance with Bartlett's method resulted in a uniform reduction in z scores, with xDF preserving high z scores for highly correlated data. Control of the FDR resulted in reasonable thresholding of the correlation coefficient matrices. The use of Bartlett's method compared with xDF results in more conservative thresholding and fewer false positives under null hypothesis conditions. Conclusions: We developed streamlined methods for control of autocorrelation in OIS functional connectivity data in mice, and Bartlett's method is a reasonable compromise and simplification that allows for accurate autocorrelation correction. These results improve the rigor and reproducibility of functional neuroimaging in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian R. White
- University of Pennsylvania, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
- Address all correspondence to Brian R. White,
| | - Claudia Chan
- University of Pennsylvania, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Simon Vandekar
- Vanderbilt University, Department of Biostatistics, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Russell T. Shinohara
- University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
- University of Pennsylvania, Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analysis, Department of Radiology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
- University of Pennsylvania, Penn Statistics in Imaging and Visualization Endeavor, Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
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10
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Impacts of stimulus parameters and configurations on motor cortex direct electrical stimulation using intrinsic optical imaging: a pilot study. Biomed Eng Online 2022; 21:58. [PMID: 36038875 PMCID: PMC9422127 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-022-01026-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Motor cortex stimulation applied as a clinical treatment for neuropathic disorders for decades. With stimulation electrodes placed directly on the cortical surface, this neuromodulation method provides higher spatial resolution than other non-invasive therapies. Yet, the therapeutic effects reported were not in conformity with different syndromes. One of the main issues is that the stimulation parameters are always determined by clinical experience. The lack of understanding about how the stimulation current propagates in the cortex and various stimulation parameters and configurations obstruct the development of this method. Methods In this study, we investigated the effect of different stimulation configurations on cortical responses to motor cortical stimulations using intrinsic optical imaging. Results Our results showed that the cortical activation of electrical stimulation is not only related to the current density but also related to the propagation distance. Besides, stimulation configurations also affect the propagation of the stimulation current. Conclusions All these results provide preliminary experimental evidence for parameter and electrode configuration optimizations.
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11
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Meyer-Baese L, Watters H, Keilholz S. Spatiotemporal patterns of spontaneous brain activity: a mini-review. NEUROPHOTONICS 2022; 9:032209. [PMID: 35434180 PMCID: PMC9005199 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.9.3.032209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The brain exists in a state of constant activity in the absence of any external sensory input. The spatiotemporal patterns of this spontaneous brain activity have been studied using various recording and imaging techniques. This has enabled considerable progress to be made in elucidating the cellular and network mechanisms that are involved in the observed spatiotemporal dynamics. This mini-review outlines different spatiotemporal dynamic patterns that have been identified in four commonly used modalities: electrophysiological recordings, optical imaging, functional magnetic resonance imaging, and electroencephalography. Signal sources for each modality, possible sources of the observed dynamics, and future directions are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Meyer-Baese
- Emory University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | | | - Shella Keilholz
- Emory University, Georgia Institute of Technology, Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
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12
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Chen H, Agrawal S, Osman M, Minotto J, Mirg S, Liu J, Dangi A, Tran Q, Jackson T, Kothapalli SR. A Transparent Ultrasound Array for Real-Time Optical, Ultrasound, and Photoacoustic Imaging. BME FRONTIERS 2022; 2022:9871098. [PMID: 37850172 PMCID: PMC10521654 DOI: 10.34133/2022/9871098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective and Impact Statement. Simultaneous imaging of ultrasound and optical contrasts can help map structural, functional, and molecular biomarkers inside living subjects with high spatial resolution. There is a need to develop a platform to facilitate this multimodal imaging capability to improve diagnostic sensitivity and specificity. Introduction. Currently, combining ultrasound, photoacoustic, and optical imaging modalities is challenging because conventional ultrasound transducer arrays are optically opaque. As a result, complex geometries are used to coalign both optical and ultrasound waves in the same field of view. Methods. One elegant solution is to make the ultrasound transducer transparent to light. Here, we demonstrate a novel transparent ultrasound transducer (TUT) linear array fabricated using a transparent lithium niobate piezoelectric material for real-time multimodal imaging. Results. The TUT-array consists of 64 elements and centered at ~6 MHz frequency. We demonstrate a quad-mode ultrasound, Doppler ultrasound, photoacoustic, and fluorescence imaging in real-time using the TUT-array directly coupled to the tissue mimicking phantoms. Conclusion. The TUT-array successfully showed a multimodal imaging capability and has potential applications in diagnosing cancer, neurological, and vascular diseases, including image-guided endoscopy and wearable imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyang Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Sumit Agrawal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Mohamed Osman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Josiah Minotto
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Shubham Mirg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Jinyun Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Ajay Dangi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Quyen Tran
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Thomas Jackson
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Sri-Rajasekhar Kothapalli
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Penn State Cancer Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
- Graduate Program in Acoustics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
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13
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Aykan SA, Xie H, Zheng Y, Chung DY, Kura S, Han Lai J, Erdogan TD, Morais A, Tamim I, Yagmur D, Ishikawa H, Arai K, Abbas Yaseen M, Boas DA, Sakadzic S, Ayata C. Rho-Kinase Inhibition Improves the Outcome of Focal Subcortical White Matter Lesions. Stroke 2022; 53:2369-2376. [PMID: 35656825 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.121.037358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Subcortical white matter lesions are exceedingly common in cerebral small vessel disease and lead to significant cumulative disability without an available treatment. Here, we tested a rho-kinase inhibitor on functional recovery after focal white matter injury. METHODS A focal corpus callosum lesion was induced by stereotactic injection of N5-(1-iminoethyl)-L-ornithine in mice. Fasudil (10 mg/kg) or vehicle was administered daily for 2 weeks, starting one day after lesion induction. Resting-state functional connectivity and grid walk performance were studied longitudinally, and lesion volumes were determined at one month. RESULTS Resting-state interhemispheric functional connectivity significantly recovered between days 1 and 14 in the fasudil group (P<0.001), despite worse initial connectivity loss than vehicle before treatment onset. Grid walk test revealed an increased number of foot faults in the vehicle group compared with baseline, which persisted for at least 4 weeks. In contrast, the fasudil arm did not show an increase in foot faults and had smaller lesions at 4 weeks. Immunohistochemical examination of reactive astrocytosis, synaptic density, and mature oligodendrocytes did not reveal a significant difference between treatment arms. CONCLUSIONS These data show that delayed fasudil posttreatment improves functional outcomes after a focal subcortical white matter lesion in mice. Future work will aim to elucidate the mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanem A Aykan
- Neurovascular Research Unit, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown (S.A.A., H.X., Y.Z., D.Y.C., J.H.L., T.D.E., A.M., I.T., D.Y., C.A.)
| | - Hongyu Xie
- Neurovascular Research Unit, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown (S.A.A., H.X., Y.Z., D.Y.C., J.H.L., T.D.E., A.M., I.T., D.Y., C.A.).,Department of Rehabilitation, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (H.X.)
| | - Yi Zheng
- Neurovascular Research Unit, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown (S.A.A., H.X., Y.Z., D.Y.C., J.H.L., T.D.E., A.M., I.T., D.Y., C.A.)
| | - David Y Chung
- Neurovascular Research Unit, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown (S.A.A., H.X., Y.Z., D.Y.C., J.H.L., T.D.E., A.M., I.T., D.Y., C.A.).,Stroke Service, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA. (C.A., D.Y.C.)
| | - Sreekanth Kura
- Neurophotonics Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, MA (S.K., D.A.B.)
| | - James Han Lai
- Neurovascular Research Unit, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown (S.A.A., H.X., Y.Z., D.Y.C., J.H.L., T.D.E., A.M., I.T., D.Y., C.A.)
| | - Taylan D Erdogan
- Neurovascular Research Unit, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown (S.A.A., H.X., Y.Z., D.Y.C., J.H.L., T.D.E., A.M., I.T., D.Y., C.A.)
| | - Andreia Morais
- Neurovascular Research Unit, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown (S.A.A., H.X., Y.Z., D.Y.C., J.H.L., T.D.E., A.M., I.T., D.Y., C.A.)
| | - Isra Tamim
- Neurovascular Research Unit, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown (S.A.A., H.X., Y.Z., D.Y.C., J.H.L., T.D.E., A.M., I.T., D.Y., C.A.)
| | - Damla Yagmur
- Neurovascular Research Unit, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown (S.A.A., H.X., Y.Z., D.Y.C., J.H.L., T.D.E., A.M., I.T., D.Y., C.A.)
| | - Hidehiro Ishikawa
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown. (H.I., K.A.)
| | - Ken Arai
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown. (H.I., K.A.)
| | - M Abbas Yaseen
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA. (D.A.B., M.A.Y., S.S.)
| | - David A Boas
- Neurophotonics Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, MA (S.K., D.A.B.).,Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA. (D.A.B., M.A.Y., S.S.)
| | - Sava Sakadzic
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA. (D.A.B., M.A.Y., S.S.)
| | - Cenk Ayata
- Neurovascular Research Unit, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown (S.A.A., H.X., Y.Z., D.Y.C., J.H.L., T.D.E., A.M., I.T., D.Y., C.A.).,Stroke Service, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA. (C.A., D.Y.C.)
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14
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Gong X, Jin T, Wang Y, Zhang R, Qi W, Xi L. Photoacoustic microscopy visualizes glioma-induced disruptions of cortical microvascular structure and function. J Neural Eng 2022; 19. [PMID: 35316796 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ac5fcc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Glioma growth may cause pervasive disruptions of brain vascular structure and function. Revealing both structural and functional alterations at a fine spatial scale is challenging for existing imaging techniques, which could confound the understanding of the basic mechanisms of brain diseases. In this study, we apply photoacoustic microscopy with a high spatial-temporal resolution and a wide field of view (FOV) to investigate the glioma-induced alterations of cortical vascular morphology, hemodynamic response, as well as functional connectivity at resting- and stimulated- states. We find that glioma promotes the growth of microvessels and leads to the increase of vascular proportion in the cerebral cortex by deriving structural parameters. The glioma also causes the loss of response in the ipsilateral hemisphere and abnormal response in the contralateral hemisphere, and further induces brain-wide alterations of functional connectivity in resting and stimulated states. The observed results show the foundation of employing photoacoustic microscopy as a potential technique in revealing the underlying mechanisms of brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinrui Gong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China, Shenzhen, 518055, CHINA
| | - Tian Jin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, CHINA
| | - Yongchao Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, CHINA
| | - Ruoxi Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, CHINA
| | - Weizhi Qi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, CHINA
| | - Lei Xi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen 518055, P.R. China, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, CHINA
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15
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Zheng Z, Li Z, Lv J. Loss of Kir6.1 facilitates peri-infarct depolarizations in focal cerebral ischemia. Neurol Res 2022; 44:797-806. [PMID: 35271426 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2022.2051132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Peri-infarct depolarizations (PIDs) are spontaneous waves that propagate slowly across the penumbra region following stroke, contributing to secondary infarct growth and negatively affecting stroke outcomes. KATP channels are generally spread in the brain. Under conditions of ischemia and/or hypoxia, KATP channels play a cytoprotective role in neurons. However, it is still unknown whether KATP channels are involved in the initiation and propagation of PIDs. METHODS The Kir6.1 knockout (Kir6.1-/-) mice, Kir6.2 knockout (Kir6.2-/-) mice, and wild-type C57Bl6 mice (n = 8) were used. The middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) stroke model was made and PIDs were detected by an optical intrinsic signal (OIS) imaging system. RESULTS Much more PIDs appeared in Kir6.1-/-mice than that in Kir6.2-/- and WT mice in both the first hour and 4 hours following MCAO (3.9 ± 0.7 vs. 1.5 ± 0.3, p < 0,05; 3.9 ± 0.7 vs. 1.9 ± 0.3, p < 0.05; 20.0 ± 2.5 vs. 10.4 ± 2.4, p < 0.05; 20.0 ± 2.5 vs. 11.3 ± 1.4, p < 0.05). Furthermore, the first PID occurred much earlier in Kir6.1-/- mice than that in Kir6.2-/- mice and WT mice (21.3 ± 2.1 min vs. 34.1 ± 4.8 min, p < 0.05; 21.3 ± 2.1 min vs. 38.8 ± 3.4 min, p < 0.01). No significant differences in other characteristics of PIDs including originating sites, duration time, propagation patterns, and velocity were detected. Additionally, the migration of originating sites was observed. CONCLUSION This study shows that loss of Kir6.1, not Kir6.2 facilitates the induction of PIDs in focal cerebral ischemia, indicating that Kir6.1-forming channels in the brain may provide protection against PIDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zelong Zheng
- The Department of Neurosurgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- The Department of Neurosurgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianping Lv
- The Department of Neurosurgery, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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16
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Cortical connectivity is embedded in resting state at columnar resolution. Prog Neurobiol 2022; 213:102263. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2022.102263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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17
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Altered dorsal functional connectivity after post-weaning social isolation and resocialization in mice. Neuroimage 2021; 245:118740. [PMID: 34808365 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social isolation (SI) leads to various mental health disorders. Despite abundant studies on behavioral and neurobiological changes induced by post-weaning SI, the characterization of its imaging correlates, such as resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC), is critically lacking. In addition, the effects of resocialization after isolation remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the effects of 1) SI on cortical functional connectivity and 2) subsequent resocialization on behavior and functional connectivity. METHODS Behavioral tests were conducted to validate the post-weaning SI mouse model, which is isolated during the juvenile period. Wide-field optical mapping was performed to observe both neuronal and hemodynamic signals in the cortex under anesthesia. Using seed-based and graph theoretical analyses, RSFC was analyzed. SI mice were then resocialized and the array of behavior and imaging tests was conducted. RESULTS Behaviorally, SI mice showed elevated anxiety, social preference, and aggression. RSFC analyses using the seed-based approach revealed decreased cortical functional connectivity in SI mice, especially in the frontal region. Graph network analyses demonstrated significant reduction in network segregation measures. After resocialization, mice exhibited recovered anxiogenic and aggressive behavior, but RSFC data did not show significant changes. CONCLUSIONS We observed an overall decrease in functional connectivity in SI mice. Moreover, resocialization restored the disruptions in behavioral patterns but functional connectivity was not recovered. To our knowledge, this is the first study to report that, despite the recovering tendencies of behavior in resocialized mice, similar changes in RSFC were not observed. This suggests that disruptions in functional connectivity caused by social isolation remain as long-term sequelae.
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18
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Contribution of animal models toward understanding resting state functional connectivity. Neuroimage 2021; 245:118630. [PMID: 34644593 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional connectivity, which reflects the spatial and temporal organization of intrinsic activity throughout the brain, is one of the most studied measures in human neuroimaging research. The noninvasive acquisition of resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) allows the characterization of features designated as functional networks, functional connectivity gradients, and time-varying activity patterns that provide insight into the intrinsic functional organization of the brain and potential alterations related to brain dysfunction. Functional connectivity, hence, captures dimensions of the brain's activity that have enormous potential for both clinical and preclinical research. However, the mechanisms underlying functional connectivity have yet to be fully characterized, hindering interpretation of rs-fMRI studies. As in other branches of neuroscience, the identification of the neurophysiological processes that contribute to functional connectivity largely depends on research conducted on laboratory animals, which provide a platform where specific, multi-dimensional investigations that involve invasive measurements can be carried out. These highly controlled experiments facilitate the interpretation of the temporal correlations observed across the brain. Indeed, information obtained from animal experimentation to date is the basis for our current understanding of the underlying basis for functional brain connectivity. This review presents a compendium of some of the most critical advances in the field based on the efforts made by the animal neuroimaging community.
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19
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Markicevic M, Savvateev I, Grimm C, Zerbi V. Emerging imaging methods to study whole-brain function in rodent models. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:457. [PMID: 34482367 PMCID: PMC8418612 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01575-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past decade, the idea that single populations of neurons support cognition and behavior has gradually given way to the realization that connectivity matters and that complex behavior results from interactions between remote yet anatomically connected areas that form specialized networks. In parallel, innovation in brain imaging techniques has led to the availability of a broad set of imaging tools to characterize the functional organization of complex networks. However, each of these tools poses significant technical challenges and faces limitations, which require careful consideration of their underlying anatomical, physiological, and physical specificity. In this review, we focus on emerging methods for measuring spontaneous or evoked activity in the brain. We discuss methods that can measure large-scale brain activity (directly or indirectly) with a relatively high temporal resolution, from milliseconds to seconds. We further focus on methods designed for studying the mammalian brain in preclinical models, specifically in mice and rats. This field has seen a great deal of innovation in recent years, facilitated by concomitant innovation in gene-editing techniques and the possibility of more invasive recordings. This review aims to give an overview of currently available preclinical imaging methods and an outlook on future developments. This information is suitable for educational purposes and for assisting scientists in choosing the appropriate method for their own research question.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Markicevic
- Neural Control of Movement Lab, HEST, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University and ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Iurii Savvateev
- Neural Control of Movement Lab, HEST, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University and ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Decision Neuroscience Lab, HEST, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Christina Grimm
- Neural Control of Movement Lab, HEST, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University and ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Valerio Zerbi
- Neural Control of Movement Lab, HEST, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
- Neuroscience Center Zurich, University and ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
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20
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Yousef Yengej DN, Ferando I, Kechechyan G, Nwaobi SE, Raman S, Charles A, Faas GC. Continuous long-term recording and triggering of brain neurovascular activity and behaviour in freely moving rodents. J Physiol 2021; 599:4545-4559. [PMID: 34438476 DOI: 10.1113/jp281514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
A minimally invasive, microchip-based approach enables continuous long-term recording of brain neurovascular activity, heart rate, and head movement in freely behaving rodents. This approach can also be used for transcranial optical triggering of cortical activity in mice expressing channelrhodopsin. The system uses optical intrinsic signal recording to measure cerebral blood volume, which under baseline conditions is correlated with spontaneous neuronal activity. The arterial pulse and breathing can be quantified as a component of the optical intrinsic signal. Multi-directional head movement is measured simultaneously with a movement sensor. A separate movement tracking element through a camera enables precise mapping of overall movement within an enclosure. Data is processed by a dedicated single board computer, and streamed from multiple enclosures to a central server, enabling simultaneous remote monitoring and triggering in many subjects. One application of this system described here is the characterization of changes in of cerebral blood volume, heart rate and behaviour that occur with the sleep-wake cycle over weeks. Another application is optical triggering and recording of cortical spreading depression (CSD), the slowly propagated wave of neurovascular activity that occurs in the setting of brain injury and migraine aura. The neurovascular features of CSD are remarkably different in the awake vs. anaesthetized state in the same mouse. With its capacity to continuously and synchronously record multiple types of physiological and behavioural data over extended time periods in combination with intermittent triggering of brain activity, this inexpensive method has the potential for widespread practical application in rodent research. KEY POINTS: Recording and triggering of brain activity in mice and rats has typically required breaching the skull, and experiments are often performed under anaesthesia A minimally invasive microchip system enables continuous recording and triggering of neurovascular activity, and analysis of heart rate and behaviour in freely behaving rodents over weeks This system can be used to characterize physiological and behavioural changes associated with the sleep-wake cycle over extended time periods This approach can also be used with mice expressing channelrhodopsin to trigger and record cortical spreading depression (CSD) in freely behaving subjects. The neurovascular responses to CSD are remarkably different under anaesthesia compared with the awake state. The method is inexpensive and straightforward to employ at a relatively large scale. It enables translational investigation of a wide range of physiological and pathological conditions in rodent models of neurological and systemic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitri N Yousef Yengej
- Department of Neurology, The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 635 Charles Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-733522, USA
| | - Isabella Ferando
- Department of Neurology, The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 635 Charles Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-733522, USA.,Department of Neurology, Miller School of Medicine at the University of Miami, 1150 NW 14th street, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Gayane Kechechyan
- Department of Neurology, The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 635 Charles Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-733522, USA.,University of California, San Diego, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0657, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0657, USA
| | - Sinifunanya E Nwaobi
- Department of Neurology, The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 635 Charles Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-733522, USA
| | - Shrayes Raman
- School of Letters and Sciences, UCLA, 1309 Murphy Hall Box 951413, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1413, USA
| | - Andrew Charles
- Department of Neurology, The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 635 Charles Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-733522, USA
| | - Guido C Faas
- Department of Neurology, The David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 635 Charles Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-733522, USA
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21
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Aykan SA, Xie H, Lai JH, Zheng Y, Chung DY, Kura S, Anzabi M, Sugimoto K, McAllister LM, Yaseen MA, Boas DA, Whalen MJ, Sakadzic S, Ayata C. Focal Subcortical White Matter Lesions Disrupt Resting State Cortical Interhemispheric Functional Connectivity in Mice. Cereb Cortex 2021; 31:4958-4969. [PMID: 34037216 PMCID: PMC8491690 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhab134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The corpus callosum is the largest white matter tract and critical for interhemispheric connectivity. Unfortunately, neurocognitive deficits after experimental white matter lesions are subtle and variable, limiting their translational utility. We examined resting state functional connectivity (RSFC) as a surrogate after a focal lesion in the lateral corpus callosum induced by stereotaxic injection of L-NIO in mice. RSFC was performed via optical intrinsic signal imaging through intact skull before and on days 1 and 14 after injection, using interhemispheric homotopic and seed-based temporal correlation maps. We measured the lesion volumes at 1 month in the same cohort. L-NIO induced focal lesions in the corpus callosum. Interhemispheric homotopic connectivity decreased by up to 50% 24 h after L-NIO, partially sparing the visual cortex. All seeds showed loss of connectivity to the contralateral hemisphere. Moreover, ipsilesional motor and visual cortices lost connectivity within the same hemisphere. Sham-operated mice did not show any lesion or connectivity changes. RSFC imaging reliably detects acute disruption of long interhemispheric and intrahemispheric connectivity after a corpus callosum lesion in mice. This noninvasive method can be a functional surrogate to complement neurocognitive testing in both therapeutic and recovery studies after white matter injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanem A Aykan
- Neurovascular Research Unit, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston 02129, USA
| | - Hongyu Xie
- Neurovascular Research Unit, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston 02129, USA.,Department of Rehabilitation, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - James Han Lai
- Neurovascular Research Unit, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston 02129, USA
| | - Yi Zheng
- Neurovascular Research Unit, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston 02129, USA
| | - David Y Chung
- Neurovascular Research Unit, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston 02129, USA.,Division of Neurocritical Care, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Sreekanth Kura
- Neurophotonics Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Maryam Anzabi
- Neurovascular Research Unit, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston 02129, USA
| | - Kazutaka Sugimoto
- Neurovascular Research Unit, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston 02129, USA
| | - Lauren M McAllister
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Yale New Haven Hospital, Connecticut 06510, USA
| | - M Abbas Yaseen
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - David A Boas
- Neurophotonics Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA.,Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Michael J Whalen
- Neuroscience Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Sava Sakadzic
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Cenk Ayata
- Neurovascular Research Unit, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston 02129, USA.,Stroke Service, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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Ren C, Komiyama T. Characterizing Cortex-Wide Dynamics with Wide-Field Calcium Imaging. J Neurosci 2021; 41:4160-4168. [PMID: 33893217 PMCID: PMC8143209 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3003-20.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The brain functions through coordinated activity among distributed regions. Wide-field calcium imaging, combined with improved genetically encoded calcium indicators, allows sufficient signal-to-noise ratio and spatiotemporal resolution to afford a unique opportunity to capture cortex-wide dynamics on a moment-by-moment basis in behaving animals. Recent applications of this approach have been uncovering cortical dynamics at unprecedented scales during various cognitive processes, ranging from relatively simple sensorimotor integration to more complex decision-making tasks. In this review, we will highlight recent scientific advances enabled by wide-field calcium imaging in behaving mice. We then summarize several technical considerations and future opportunities for wide-field imaging to uncover large-scale circuit dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Ren
- Neurobiology Section, Center for Neural Circuits and Behavior, Department of Neurosciences, and Halıcıoğlu Data Science Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Takaki Komiyama
- Neurobiology Section, Center for Neural Circuits and Behavior, Department of Neurosciences, and Halıcıoğlu Data Science Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
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23
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Chung DY, Oka F, Jin G, Harriott A, Kura S, Aykan SA, Qin T, Edmiston WJ, Lee H, Yaseen MA, Sakadžić S, Boas DA, Whalen MJ, Ayata C. Subarachnoid hemorrhage leads to early and persistent functional connectivity and behavioral changes in mice. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2021; 41:975-985. [PMID: 32936728 PMCID: PMC8054726 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x20940152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) leads to significant long-term cognitive deficits, which can be associated with alterations in resting state functional connectivity (RSFC). However, modalities such as fMRI-which is commonly used to assess RSFC in humans-have practical limitations in small animals. Therefore, we used non-invasive optical intrinsic signal imaging to determine the effect of SAH on RSFC in mice up to three months after prechiasmatic blood injection. We assessed Morris water maze (MWM), open field test (OFT), Y-maze, and rotarod performance from approximately two weeks to three months after SAH. Compared to sham, we found that SAH reduced motor, retrosplenial, and visual seed-based connectivity indices. These deficits persisted in retrosplenial and visual cortex seeds at three months. Seed-to-seed analysis confirmed early attenuation of correlation coefficients in SAH mice, which persisted in predominantly posterior network connections at later time points. Seed-independent global and interhemispheric indices of connectivity revealed decreased correlations following SAH for at least one month. SAH led to MWM hidden platform and OFT deficits at two weeks, and Y-maze deficits for at least three months, without altering rotarod performance. In conclusion, experimental SAH leads to early and persistent alterations both in hemodynamically derived measures of RSFC and in cognitive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Y Chung
- Neurovascular Research Unit, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA.,Division of Neurocritical Care, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fumiaki Oka
- Neurovascular Research Unit, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Gina Jin
- Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrea Harriott
- Neurovascular Research Unit, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA.,Stroke Service, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sreekanth Kura
- Neurophotonics Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sanem A Aykan
- Neurovascular Research Unit, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Tao Qin
- Neurovascular Research Unit, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - William J Edmiston
- Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hang Lee
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mohammad A Yaseen
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.,Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Sava Sakadžić
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - David A Boas
- Neurophotonics Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael J Whalen
- Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cenk Ayata
- Neurovascular Research Unit, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA.,Stroke Service, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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24
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White BR, Padawer-Curry JA, Ko T, Baker W, Breimann J, Cohen AS, Licht DJ, Yodh AG. Wavelength censoring for spectroscopy in optical functional neuroimaging. Phys Med Biol 2021; 66:065026. [PMID: 33326946 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/abd418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Optical neuromonitoring provides insight into neurovascular physiology and brain structure and function. These methods rely on spectroscopy to relate light absorption changes to variation of concentrations of physiologic chromophores such as oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin. In clinical or preclinical practice, data quality can vary significantly across wavelengths. In such situations, standard spectroscopic methods may perform poorly, resulting in data loss and limiting field-of-view. To address this issue, and thereby improve the robustness of optical neuromonitoring, we develop, in this manuscript, novel methods to perform spectroscopy even when data quality exhibits wavelength-dependent spatial variation. We sought to understand the impact of spatial, wavelength-based censoring on the physiologic accuracy and utility of hemoglobin spectroscopy. The principles of our analysis are quite general, but to make the methodology tangible we focused on optical intrinsic signal imaging of resting-state functional connectivity in mice. Starting with spectroscopy using four sources, all possible subset spectroscopy matrices were assessed theoretically, using simulated data, and using experimental data. These results were compared against the use of the full spectroscopy matrix to determine which subsets yielded robust results. Our results demonstrated that accurate calculation of changes in hemoglobin concentrations and the resulting functional connectivity network maps was possible even with censoring of some wavelengths. Additionally, we found that the use of changes in total hemoglobin (rather than oxy- or deoxyhemoglobin) yielded results more robust to experimental noise and allowed for the preservation of more data. This new and rigorous image processing method should improve the fidelity of clinical and preclinical functional neuroimaging studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian R White
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3401 Civic Center Blvd., Pediatric Cardiology-8NW, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States of America
| | - Jonah A Padawer-Curry
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Tiffany Ko
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Wesley Baker
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jake Breimann
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Akiva S Cohen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. 3615 Civic Center Blvd., Abramson Research Center, Room 816-H, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States of America
| | - Daniel J Licht
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Arjun G Yodh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States of America
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25
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Padawer-Curry JA, Jahnavi J, Breimann JS, Licht DJ, Yodh AG, Cohen AS, White BR. Variability in atlas registration of optical intrinsic signal imaging and its effect on functional connectivity analysis. JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA. A, OPTICS, IMAGE SCIENCE, AND VISION 2021; 38:245-252. [PMID: 33690536 PMCID: PMC7993363 DOI: 10.1364/josaa.410447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
To compare neuroimaging data between subjects, images from individual sessions need to be aligned to a common reference or "atlas." Atlas registration of optical intrinsic signal imaging of mice, for example, is commonly performed using affine transforms with parameters determined by manual selection of canonical skull landmarks. Errors introduced by such procedures have not previously been investigated. We quantify the variability that arises from this process and consequent errors from misalignment that affect interpretation of functional neuroimaging data. We propose an improved method, using separately acquired high-resolution images and demonstrate improvements in variability and alignment using this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonah A. Padawer-Curry
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania. 3401 Civic Center Blvd., Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Jharna Jahnavi
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania. 3401 Civic Center Blvd., Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Jake S. Breimann
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania. 3401 Civic Center Blvd., Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Daniel J. Licht
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania. 3401 Civic Center Blvd., Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Arjun G. Yodh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania. 3231 Walnut St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Akiva S. Cohen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania. 3615 Civic Center Blvd., Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Brian R. White
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania. 3401 Civic Center Blvd., Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
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26
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Zhang XY, Wang YF, Zheng LJ, Zhang H, Lin L, Lu GM, Zhang LJ. Impacts of AD-Related ABCA7 and CLU Variants on Default Mode Network Connectivity in Healthy Middle-Age Adults. Front Mol Neurosci 2020; 13:145. [PMID: 32848603 PMCID: PMC7412986 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2020.00145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the impact of Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-related risk gene (ATP-binding cassette A7-ABCA7 and Clusterin-CLU) on the functional connectivity pattern of default mode network (DMN) in healthy middle-age adults. Methods A total of 147 healthy middle-aged volunteers were enrolled in this study. All subjects completed MRI scans, neuropsychological assessments, and AD-related genotyped analysis. All subjects were divided into high, middle and low risk groups according to the score of risk genotypes, which included CLU (rs11136000, rs2279590, rs9331888, and rs9331949) and ABCA7 (rs3764650 and rs4147929). The genetic effects of CLU, ABCA7, and CLU × ABCA7 on DMN functional connectivity pattern were further explored. Moreover, the genetic effect of Apolipoprotein ε4 (APOEε4) was also considered. Finally, correlation analysis was performed between the signals of brain regions with genetic effect and neuropsychological test scores. Results Compared with the low-risk group, the high-risk group of CLU showed decreased functional connectivity in posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and the left middle frontal cortex (P < 0.05, GRF correction). As for the interaction between the CLU and ABCA7, all the subjects were divided into high, middle, and low risk group; the middle-risk group was divided into CLU and ABCA7-dominated middle-risk group. The function connectivity pattern of DMN among the three or four groups were distributed in the bilateral medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) and bilateral superior frontal gyrus (SFG) (P < 0.05, GRF correction). When APOEε4 carriers were excluded, the CLU-predominant middle-risk group displayed the decreased functional connectivity in MPFC when compared with the low-risk group, while ABCA7-prodominant middle-risk group displayed decreased functional connectivity in cuneus when compared with the high-risk group (all P < 0.05, GRF correction). The z values of left middle frontal cortex were positively correlated with the scores of Serial Dotting Test (SDT) in high-risk group of CLU, while z values of MPFC and cuneus were positively correlated to the scores of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) in low-risk group of three or four groups. Conclusion The functional connectivity of MPFC-PCC might be modulated by the interaction of CLU and ABCA7. Moreover, APOEε4 might be interacted with ABCA7 and CLU modulation in the middle-aged carriers.
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27
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Xie H, Chung DY, Kura S, Sugimoto K, Aykan SA, Wu Y, Sakadžić S, Yaseen MA, Boas DA, Ayata C. Differential effects of anesthetics on resting state functional connectivity in the mouse. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2020; 40:875-884. [PMID: 31092086 PMCID: PMC7168791 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x19847123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) functional MRI (fMRI) is a standard approach to examine resting state functional connectivity (RSFC), but fMRI in animal models is challenging. Recently, functional optical intrinsic signal imaging-which relies on the same hemodynamic signal underlying BOLD fMRI-has been developed as a complementary approach to assess RSFC in mice. Since it is difficult to ensure that an animal is in a truly resting state while awake, RSFC measurements under anesthesia remain an important approach. Therefore, we systematically examined measures of RSFC using non-invasive, widefield optical intrinsic signal imaging under five different anesthetics in male C57BL/6J mice. We find excellent seed-based, global, and interhemispheric connectivity using tribromoethanol (Avertin) and ketamine-xylazine, comparable to results in the literature including awake animals. Urethane anesthesia yielded intermediate results, while chloral hydrate and isoflurane were both associated with poor RSFC. Furthermore, we found a correspondence between the strength of RSFC and the power of low-frequency hemodynamic fluctuations. In conclusion, Avertin and ketamine-xylazine provide robust and reproducible measures of RSFC in mice, whereas chloral hydrate and isoflurane do not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Xie
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Department of Rehabilitation, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - David Y Chung
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Division of Neurocritical Care, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sreekanth Kura
- Neurophotonics Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kazutaka Sugimoto
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Ube, Japan
| | - Sanem A Aykan
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Yi Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sava Sakadžić
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Mohammad A Yaseen
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - David A Boas
- Neurophotonics Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Cenk Ayata
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Stroke Service, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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28
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White BR, Padawer-Curry JA, Cohen AS, Licht DJ, Yodh AG. Brain segmentation, spatial censoring, and averaging techniques for optical functional connectivity imaging in mice. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 10:5952-5973. [PMID: 31799057 PMCID: PMC6865125 DOI: 10.1364/boe.10.005952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Resting-state functional connectivity analysis using optical neuroimaging holds the potential to be a powerful bridge between mouse models of disease and clinical neurologic monitoring. However, analysis techniques specific to optical methods are rudimentary, and algorithms from magnetic resonance imaging are not always applicable to optics. We have developed visual processing tools to increase data quality, improve brain segmentation, and average across sessions with better field-of-view. We demonstrate improved performance using resting-state optical intrinsic signal from normal mice. The proposed methods increase the amount of usable data from neuroimaging studies, improve image fidelity, and should be translatable to human optical neuroimaging systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian R. White
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia. 3401 Civic Center Blvd., Pediatric Cardiology - 8NW, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jonah A. Padawer-Curry
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia. 3501 Civic Center Blvd., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Akiva S. Cohen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia. 3615 Civic Center Blvd., Abramson Research Center, Room 816-H, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Daniel J. Licht
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia. 3501 Civic Center Blvd., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Arjun G. Yodh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania. 3231 Walnut St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Abstract
Circadian dysfunction is a common attribute of many neurodegenerative diseases, most of which are associated with neuroinflammation. Circadian rhythm dysfunction has been associated with inflammation in the periphery, but the role of the core clock in neuroinflammation remains poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that Rev-erbα, a nuclear receptor and circadian clock component, is a mediator of microglial activation and neuroinflammation. We observed time-of-day oscillation in microglial immunoreactivity in the hippocampus, which was disrupted in Rev-erbα-/- mice. Rev-erbα deletion caused spontaneous microglial activation in the hippocampus and increased expression of proinflammatory transcripts, as well as secondary astrogliosis. Transcriptomic analysis of hippocampus from Rev-erbα-/- mice revealed a predominant inflammatory phenotype and suggested dysregulated NF-κB signaling. Primary Rev-erbα-/- microglia exhibited proinflammatory phenotypes and increased basal NF-κB activation. Chromatin immunoprecipitation revealed that Rev-erbα physically interacts with the promoter regions of several NF-κB-related genes in primary microglia. Loss of Rev-erbα in primary astrocytes had no effect on basal activation but did potentiate the inflammatory response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In vivo, Rev-erbα-/- mice exhibited enhanced hippocampal neuroinflammatory responses to peripheral LPS injection, while pharmacologic activation of Rev-erbs with the small molecule agonist SR9009 suppressed LPS-induced hippocampal neuroinflammation. Rev-erbα deletion influenced neuronal health, as conditioned media from Rev-erbα-deficient primary glial cultures exacerbated oxidative damage in cultured neurons. Rev-erbα-/- mice also exhibited significantly altered cortical resting-state functional connectivity, similar to that observed in neurodegenerative models. Our results reveal Rev-erbα as a pharmacologically accessible link between the circadian clock and neuroinflammation.
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Mapping Structure-Function Relationships in the Brain. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY: COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2018; 4:510-521. [PMID: 30528965 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Mapping the structural and functional connectivity of the brain is a major focus of systems neuroscience research and will help to identify causally important changes in neural circuitry responsible for behavioral dysfunction. Several methods for examining brain activity in humans have been extended to rodent and monkey models in which molecular and genetic manipulations exist for linking to human disease. In this review, which is part of a special issue focused on bridging brain connectivity information across species and spatiotemporal scales, we address mapping brain activity and neural connectivity in rodents using optogenetics in conjunction with either functional magnetic resonance imaging or optical intrinsic signal imaging. We chose to focus on these techniques because they are capable of reporting spontaneous or evoked hemodynamic activity most closely linked to human neuroimaging studies. We discuss the capabilities and limitations of blood-based imaging methods, usage of optogenetic techniques to map neural systems in rodent models, and other powerful mapping techniques for examining neural connectivity over different spatial and temporal scales. We also discuss implementing strategies for mapping brain connectivity in humans with both basic and clinical applications, and conclude with how cross-species mapping studies can be utilized to influence preclinical imaging studies and clinical practices alike.
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