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Yeo XY, Kwon S, Rinai KR, Lee S, Jung S, Park R. A Consolidated Understanding of the Contribution of Redox Dysregulation in the Development of Hearing Impairment. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:598. [PMID: 38790703 PMCID: PMC11118506 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The etiology of hearing impairment is multifactorial, with contributions from both genetic and environmental factors. Although genetic studies have yielded valuable insights into the development and function of the auditory system, the contribution of gene products and their interaction with alternate environmental factors for the maintenance and development of auditory function requires further elaboration. In this review, we provide an overview of the current knowledge on the role of redox dysregulation as the converging factor between genetic and environmental factor-dependent development of hearing loss, with a focus on understanding the interaction of oxidative stress with the physical components of the peripheral auditory system in auditory disfunction. The potential involvement of molecular factors linked to auditory function in driving redox imbalance is an important promoter of the development of hearing loss over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yi Yeo
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore;
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Republic of Korea;
| | - Soohyun Kwon
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Republic of Korea;
- Department of BioNanotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Kimberley R. Rinai
- Department of Life Science, College of Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sungsu Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chonnam National University Hospital and Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sangyong Jung
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Republic of Korea;
| | - Raekil Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
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Ucar A, Arslan ME, Cilingir Yeltekin A, Ozgeris FB, Caglar Yıldırım O, Parlak V, Alak G, Turkez H, Atamanalp M. Neutralization of iron oxide magnetic nanoparticle aquatoxicity on Oncorhynchus mykiss via supplementation with ulexite. Drug Chem Toxicol 2024; 47:274-286. [PMID: 36606327 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2022.2164298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, the unique features of nanoparticles (NPs) have encouraged new applications in different areas including biology, medicine, agriculture, and electronics. Their quick joining into daily life not only enhances the uses of NPs in a wide range of modern technologies but also their release into the aquatic environment causes inevitable environmental concerns. On the other hand boron exhibits key physiological effects on biological systems. This research was designed for evaluating the toxicity of magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4-MNPs) on aquatic organisms and obtaining data for the information gap in this area. In this study, Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) was considered as an aquatic indicator, and trials were designed as Ulexite (a boron mineral, UX) treatment against exposure to Fe3O4-MNPs. Synthesized and characterized Fe3O4-MNPs were exposed to rainbow trouts in wide spectrum concentrations (0.005-0.08 mL/L) to analyze its lethal dose (LC50) and cytoprotective properties by UX treatment were assessed against Fe3O4-MNPs applications for 96 h. For the initial toxicity analysis, hematological parameters (blood cell counts) were examined in experimental groups and micronucleus (MN) assay was performed to monitor nuclear abnormalities after exposure to NPs. Biochemical analyzes in both blood and liver samples were utilized to assess antioxidant/oxidative stress and inflammatory parameters. Also, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) assay was used to investigate oxidative DNA lesions and Caspase-3 analysis was performed on both blood and liver tissues to monitor apoptotic cell death occurrence. When antioxidant enzymes in blood and liver tissue were examined, time-dependent decreases in activity were determined in SOD, CAT, GPx, and GSH enzymes, while increased levels of MDA and MPO parameters were observed in respect to Fe3O4-MNPs exposure. It was found that TNF-α, Il-6 levels were enhanced against Fe3O4-MNPs treatment, but Nrf-2 levels were decreased at the 46th and 96th h. In the 96th application results, all parameters were statistically significant (p < 0.05) in blood and liver tissue, except for the IL-6 results. It was determined that the frequency of MN, the level of 8-OHdG and caspase-3 activity increased in respect to Fe3O4-MNPs exposure over time. Treatment with UX alleviated Fe3O4-MNPs-induced hematotoxic and hepatotoxic alterations as well as oxidative and genetic damages. Our findings offer strong evidence for the use of UX as promising, safe and natural protective agents against environmental toxicity of magnetite nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arzu Ucar
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Enes Arslan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | | | - Fatma Betül Ozgeris
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ozge Caglar Yıldırım
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Veysel Parlak
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Gonca Alak
- Department of Sea Food Processing, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Hasan Turkez
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Atamanalp
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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Fawzy El-Sayed KM, Cosgarea R, Sculean A, Doerfer C. Can vitamins improve periodontal wound healing/regeneration? Periodontol 2000 2024; 94:539-602. [PMID: 37592831 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a complex inflammatory disorder of the tooth supporting structures, associated with microbial dysbiosis, and linked to a number if systemic conditions. Untreated it can result in an irreversible damage to the periodontal structures and eventually teeth loss. Regeneration of the lost periodontium requires an orchestration of a number of biological events on cellular and molecular level. In this context, a set of vitamins have been advocated, relying their beneficial physiological effects, to endorse the biological regenerative events of the periodontium on cellular and molecular levels. The aim of the present article is to elaborate on the question whether or not vitamins improve wound healing/regeneration, summarizing the current evidence from in vitro, animal and clinical studies, thereby shedding light on the knowledge gap in this field and highlighting future research needs. Although the present review demonstrates the current heterogeneity in the available evidence and knowledge gaps, findings suggest that vitamins, especially A, B, E, and CoQ10, as well as vitamin combinations, could exert positive attributes on the periodontal outcomes in adjunct to surgical or nonsurgical periodontal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim M Fawzy El-Sayed
- Oral Medicine and Periodontology Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- Clinic for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Raluca Cosgarea
- Department of Periodontology, Operative and Preventive Dentistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Periodontology and Peri-implant Diseases, Philips University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Clinic for Prosthetic Dentistry, University Iuliu-Hatieganu, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Anton Sculean
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christof Doerfer
- Clinic for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
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Xiao Y, Duan C, Gong P, Zhao Q, Wang XH, Geng F, Zeng J, Luo T, Xu Y, Zhao J. Kinsenoside from Anoectochilus roxburghii (Wall.) Lindl. suppressed oxidative stress to attenuate aging-related learning and memory impairment via ERK/Nrf2 pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117152. [PMID: 37689328 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Anoectochilusroxburghii (Wall.) Lindl. (AR), as an exceptionally valuable traditional Chinese medicine, has been widely used to treat hepatitis, cancer, diabetes, etc. But, the effects and the primary functioning element of AR on attenuating aging and aging-related learning and memory degradation has not yet been explored. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed at exploring the protective property of aqueous extract of AR (AEAR) on alleviation of aging and aging-related learning and memory impairment in vivo, and further investigating the main active ingredient and mechanism of AEAR. MATERIALS AND METHODS D-galactose (D-gal) induced aging mice and HT22 cells exposed with L-Glutamic acid (Glu) were used as in vivo and in vitro model, separately. The effects of AEAR on aging and aging-related learning and memory degradation were explored by using morris water maze test, immunohistochemistry staining, biochemistry assay, etc. The effects and mechanism of AEAR and Kinsenoside (Kin) on antioxidation in vitro were investigated by cell viability assay, biochemistry assay, qRT-PCR, western blotting and molecular docking studies. RESULTS Treatment with AEAR (containing 69.52 ± 0.85% Kin, i.g.) for 63 days, alleviated low growth rate, abnormal brain, liver and thymus index, and decline in learning and memory capability of aging mice. Meanwhile, AEAR inhibited the decreased activities of SOD and GSH-PX, the decline in the ratio of GSH to GSSG, and the increase of MDA in both serum and brain, and also promoted the Nrf2 nuclear translocation in brain of aging mice induced by D-gal. The effects of AEAR on alleviating abnormal physiological characteristics, attenuating learning and memory impairment, and inhibiting oxidative stress in aging mice was similar to or even better than that of Vc. In HT22 cells exposed with Glu, Kin increased the cell viability, up-regulated the activities of SOD and GSH-PX, enhanced the ratio of GSH to GSSG, and down-regulated MDA, which was superior to AEAR. Kin up-regulated the ratio of p-ERK1/2 to ERK1/2, promoted the Nrf2 nuclear translocation and its downstream target genes, i.e. HO-1, NQO-1, GCLC and GCLM expression at the mRNA and protein levels, which were consistent with AEAR. Further, molecular docking results also confirmed that Kin had strong binding energy with ERK1 and ERK2. CONCLUSION The present study indicated that Kin could alleviate the oxidative stress in aging mice via activating the ERK/Nrf2 signaling pathway, in order to attenuate aging and aging-related learning and memory impairment, as the main active ingredient of AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xiao
- Engineering Research Center of Sichuan-Tibet Traditional Medicinal Plant, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China; College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China.
| | - Changsong Duan
- Engineering Research Center of Sichuan-Tibet Traditional Medicinal Plant, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China; College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China.
| | - Pushuang Gong
- Engineering Research Center of Sichuan-Tibet Traditional Medicinal Plant, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China; College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China.
| | - Qi Zhao
- Engineering Research Center of Sichuan-Tibet Traditional Medicinal Plant, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China.
| | - Xin Hui Wang
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China.
| | - Fang Geng
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China.
| | - Jin Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Biological Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Tianfeng Luo
- Engineering Research Center of Sichuan-Tibet Traditional Medicinal Plant, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China; College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China.
| | - Yisha Xu
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China.
| | - Junning Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Drug Regulatory Science, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, National Medical Products Administration of China, Beijing, 100037, China; Key Laboratory of Biological Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Cha SR, Jang J, Park SM, Ryu SM, Cho SJ, Yang SR. Cigarette Smoke-Induced Respiratory Response: Insights into Cellular Processes and Biomarkers. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1210. [PMID: 37371940 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke (CS) poses a significant risk factor for respiratory, vascular, and organ diseases owing to its high content of harmful chemicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS). These substances are known to induce oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and senescence due to their exposure to environmental pollutants and the presence of oxidative enzymes. The lung is particularly susceptible to oxidative stress. Persistent oxidative stress caused by chronic exposure to CS can lead to respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary fibrosis (PF), and lung cancer. Avoiding exposure to environmental pollutants, like cigarette smoke and air pollution, can help mitigate oxidative stress. A comprehensive understanding of oxidative stress and its impact on the lungs requires future research. This includes identifying strategies for preventing and treating lung diseases as well as investigating the underlying mechanisms behind oxidative stress. Thus, this review aims to investigate the cellular processes induced by CS, specifically inflammation, apoptosis, senescence, and their associated biomarkers. Furthermore, this review will delve into the alveolar response provoked by CS, emphasizing the roles of potential therapeutic target markers and strategies in inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Ryul Cha
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, 1 Kangwondaehak-gil, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jimin Jang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, 1 Kangwondaehak-gil, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Min Park
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, 1 Kangwondaehak-gil, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Min Ryu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, 1 Kangwondaehak-gil, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Joon Cho
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, 1 Kangwondaehak-gil, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Ran Yang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, 1 Kangwondaehak-gil, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
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Bu Q, Li P, Xia Y, Hu D, Li W, Shi D, Song K. Design, Synthesis, and Biomedical Application of Multifunctional Fluorescent Polymer Nanomaterials. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093819. [PMID: 37175229 PMCID: PMC10179976 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Luminescent polymer nanomaterials not only have the characteristics of various types of luminescent functional materials and a wide range of applications, but also have the characteristics of good biocompatibility and easy functionalization of polymer nanomaterials. They are widely used in biomedical fields such as bioimaging, biosensing, and drug delivery. Designing and constructing new controllable synthesis methods for multifunctional fluorescent polymer nanomaterials with good water solubility and excellent biocompatibility is of great significance. Exploring efficient functionalization methods for luminescent materials is still one of the core issues in the design and development of new fluorescent materials. With this in mind, this review first introduces the structures, properties, and synthetic methods regarding fluorescent polymeric nanomaterials. Then, the functionalization strategies of fluorescent polymer nanomaterials are summarized. In addition, the research progress of multifunctional fluorescent polymer nanomaterials for bioimaging is also discussed. Finally, the synthesis, development, and application fields of fluorescent polymeric nanomaterials, as well as the challenges and opportunities of structure-property correlations, are comprehensively summarized and the corresponding perspectives are well illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingpan Bu
- School of Life Science, Changchun Normal University, Changchun 130032, China
| | - Ping Li
- School of Life Science, Changchun Normal University, Changchun 130032, China
| | - Yunfei Xia
- School of Life Science, Changchun Normal University, Changchun 130032, China
| | - Die Hu
- School of Life Science, Changchun Normal University, Changchun 130032, China
| | - Wenjing Li
- School of Education, Changchun Normal University, Changchun 130032, China
| | - Dongfang Shi
- Institute of Science, Technology and Innovation, Changchun Normal University, Changchun 130032, China
| | - Kai Song
- School of Life Science, Changchun Normal University, Changchun 130032, China
- Institute of Science, Technology and Innovation, Changchun Normal University, Changchun 130032, China
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Brdarić E, Popović D, Soković Bajić S, Tucović D, Mutić J, Čakić-Milošević M, Đurđić S, Tolinački M, Aleksandrov AP, Golić N, Mirkov I, Živković M. Orally Administrated Lactiplantibacillus plantarum BGAN8-Derived EPS-AN8 Ameliorates Cd Hazards in Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032845. [PMID: 36769176 PMCID: PMC9917968 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic metal that is distributed worldwide. Exposure to it is correlated with a vast number of diseases and organism malfunctions. Exopolysaccharides (EPS) derived from Lactiplantibacillus plantarum BGAN8, EPS-AN8, previously showed great potential for the in vitro protection of intestinal cells from this metal. Here, we investigated the potential of food supplemented with EPS-AN8 to protect rats from the hazardous effects of Cd exposure. After thirty days of exposure to lower (5 ppm) and higher (50 ppm)-Cd doses, the administration of EPS-AN8 led to decreased Cd content in the kidneys, liver, and blood compared to only Cd-treated groups, whereas the fecal Cd content was strongly enriched. In addition, EPS-AN8 reversed Cd-provoked effects on the most significant parameters of oxidative stress (MDA, CAT, GST, and GSH) and inflammation (IL-1β, TNF-α, and IFN-γ) in the duodenum. Moreover, micrographs of the duodenum were in line with these findings. As the gut microbiota has an important role in maintaining homeostasis, we used 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and investigated the effects of Cd and EPS-AN8 on one part of the microbiota presented in the duodenum. Although Cd decreased the growth of lactobacilli and mostly favored the blooming of opportunistic pathogen bacteria, parallel intake of EPS-AN8 reversed those changes. Therefore, our results imply that EPS-AN8 might be extremely noteworthy in combatting this toxic environmental pollutant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilija Brdarić
- Group for Probiotics and Microbiota-Host Interaction, Laboratory for Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dušanka Popović
- Immunotoxicology Group, Department of Ecology, Institute for Biological Research “Sinisa Stankovic”—National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11062 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Svetlana Soković Bajić
- Group for Probiotics and Microbiota-Host Interaction, Laboratory for Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dina Tucović
- Immunotoxicology Group, Department of Ecology, Institute for Biological Research “Sinisa Stankovic”—National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11062 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Mutić
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Maja Čakić-Milošević
- Institute of Zoology, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Biology, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Slađana Đurđić
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Maja Tolinački
- Group for Probiotics and Microbiota-Host Interaction, Laboratory for Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Popov Aleksandrov
- Immunotoxicology Group, Department of Ecology, Institute for Biological Research “Sinisa Stankovic”—National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11062 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nataša Golić
- Group for Probiotics and Microbiota-Host Interaction, Laboratory for Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivana Mirkov
- Immunotoxicology Group, Department of Ecology, Institute for Biological Research “Sinisa Stankovic”—National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11062 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Živković
- Group for Probiotics and Microbiota-Host Interaction, Laboratory for Molecular Microbiology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia
- Correspondence:
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Efficacy of plasma activated saline in a co-culture infection control model. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20230. [PMID: 36418898 PMCID: PMC9684424 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20165-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma activated liquids have demonstrated antimicrobial effects and receive increasing attention due to the potential to strengthen the armoury of novel approaches against antibiotic resistant bacteria. However, the antibacterial activity and cytotoxic effects of these solutions need to be understood and balanced before exposure to humans. In this study, the antibacterial effects of plasma activated saline (PAS) were tested against Gram negative and positive bacteria, and HaCaT keratinocytes were used for cytotoxicity studies. For the first time, a co-culture model between these bacteria and eukaryotic cells under the influence of PAS has been described. Exposure of saline to plasma resulted in high concentrations of nitrate, hydrogen peroxide and a reduction of pH. PAS caused high antibacterial effects in the co-culture model, accompanied by high cytotoxic effects to the monolayer of mammalian cells. We present evidence and provide a deeper understanding for the hypothesis that upon treatment with PAS, chemical species generated in the liquid mediate high antimicrobial effects in the co-culture setup as well as mitochondrial depolarization and glutathione depletion in HaCaT cells and cell lysis due to acidic pH. In conclusion, PAS retains strong antibacterial effects in a co-culture model, which may have unintended negative biological effects on mammalian cells.
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9
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Weak light photodetector based on upconversion luminescence for glutathione detection. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.108196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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10
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Dailah HG. Therapeutic Potential of Small Molecules Targeting Oxidative Stress in the Treatment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): A Comprehensive Review. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175542. [PMID: 36080309 PMCID: PMC9458015 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an increasing and major global health problem. COPD is also the third leading cause of death worldwide. Oxidative stress (OS) takes place when various reactive species and free radicals swamp the availability of antioxidants. Reactive nitrogen species, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and their counterpart antioxidants are important for host defense and physiological signaling pathways, and the development and progression of inflammation. During the disturbance of their normal steady states, imbalances between antioxidants and oxidants might induce pathological mechanisms that can further result in many non-respiratory and respiratory diseases including COPD. ROS might be either endogenously produced in response to various infectious pathogens including fungi, viruses, or bacteria, or exogenously generated from several inhaled particulate or gaseous agents including some occupational dust, cigarette smoke (CS), and air pollutants. Therefore, targeting systemic and local OS with therapeutic agents such as small molecules that can increase endogenous antioxidants or regulate the redox/antioxidants system can be an effective approach in treating COPD. Various thiol-based antioxidants including fudosteine, erdosteine, carbocysteine, and N-acetyl-L-cysteine have the capacity to increase thiol content in the lungs. Many synthetic molecules including inhibitors/blockers of protein carbonylation and lipid peroxidation, catalytic antioxidants including superoxide dismutase mimetics, and spin trapping agents can effectively modulate CS-induced OS and its resulting cellular alterations. Several clinical and pre-clinical studies have demonstrated that these antioxidants have the capacity to decrease OS and affect the expressions of several pro-inflammatory genes and genes that are involved with redox and glutathione biosynthesis. In this article, we have summarized the role of OS in COPD pathogenesis. Furthermore, we have particularly focused on the therapeutic potential of numerous chemicals, particularly antioxidants in the treatment of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamad Ghaleb Dailah
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
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Cincotta AH, Cersosimo E, Alatrach M, Ezrokhi M, Agyin C, Adams J, Chilton R, Triplitt C, Chamarthi B, Cominos N, DeFronzo RA. Bromocriptine-QR Therapy Reduces Sympathetic Tone and Ameliorates a Pro-Oxidative/Pro-Inflammatory Phenotype in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and Plasma of Type 2 Diabetes Subjects. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23168851. [PMID: 36012132 PMCID: PMC9407769 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bromocriptine-QR is a sympatholytic dopamine D2 agonist for the treatment of type 2 diabetes that has demonstrated rapid (within 1 year) substantial reductions in adverse cardiovascular events in this population by as yet incompletely delineated mechanisms. However, a chronic state of elevated sympathetic nervous system activity and central hypodopaminergic function has been demonstrated to potentiate an immune system pro-oxidative/pro-inflammatory condition and this immune phenotype is known to contribute significantly to the advancement of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Therefore, the possibility exists that bromocriptine-QR therapy may reduce adverse cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes subjects via attenuation of this underlying chronic pro-oxidative/pro-inflammatory state. The present study was undertaken to assess the impact of bromocriptine-QR on a wide range of immune pro-oxidative/pro-inflammatory biochemical pathways and genes known to be operative in the genesis and progression of CVD. Inflammatory peripheral blood mononuclear cell biology is both a significant contributor to cardiovascular disease and also a marker of the body’s systemic pro-inflammatory status. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of 4-month circadian-timed (within 2 h of waking in the morning) bromocriptine-QR therapy (3.2 mg/day) in type 2 diabetes subjects whose glycemia was not optimally controlled on the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist on (i) gene expression status (via qPCR) of a wide array of mononuclear cell pro-oxidative/pro-inflammatory genes known to participate in the genesis and progression of CVD (OXR1, NRF2, NQO1, SOD1, SOD2, CAT, GSR, GPX1, GPX4, GCH1, HMOX1, BiP, EIF2α, ATF4, PERK, XBP1, ATF6, CHOP, GSK3β, NFkB, TXNIP, PIN1, BECN1, TLR2, TLR4, TLR10, MAPK8, NLRP3, CCR2, GCR, L-selectin, VCAM1, ICAM1) and (ii) humoral measures of sympathetic tone (norepinephrine and normetanephrine), whole-body oxidative stress (nitrotyrosine, TBARS), and pro-inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18, MCP-1, prolactin, C-reactive protein [CRP]). Relative to pre-treatment status, 4 months of bromocriptine-QR therapy resulted in significant reductions of mRNA levels in PBMC endoplasmic reticulum stress-unfolded protein response effectors [GRP78/BiP (34%), EIF2α (32%), ATF4 (29%), XBP1 (25%), PIN1 (14%), BECN1 (23%)], oxidative stress response proteins [OXR1 (31%), NRF2 (32%), NQO1 (39%), SOD1 (52%), CAT (26%), GPX1 (33%), GPX4 (31%), GCH1 (30%), HMOX1 (40%)], mRNA levels of TLR pro-inflammatory pathway proteins [TLR2 (46%), TLR4 (20%), GSK3β (19%), NFkB (33%), TXNIP (18%), NLRP3 (32%), CCR2 (24%), GCR (28%)], mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cellular receptor proteins CCR2 and GCR by 24% and 28%, and adhesion molecule proteins L-selectin (35%) and VCAM1 (24%). Relative to baseline, bromocriptine-QR therapy also significantly reduced plasma levels of norepinephrine and normetanephrine by 33% and 22%, respectively, plasma pro-oxidative markers nitrotyrosine and TBARS by 13% and 10%, respectively, and pro-inflammatory factors IL-18, MCP1, IL-1β, prolactin, and CRP by 21%,13%, 12%, 42%, and 45%, respectively. These findings suggest a unique role for circadian-timed bromocriptine-QR sympatholytic dopamine agonist therapy in reducing systemic low-grade sterile inflammation to thereby reduce cardiovascular disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony H. Cincotta
- VeroScience LLC, Tiverton, RI 02878, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-401-816-0525
| | - Eugenio Cersosimo
- Texas Diabetes Institute, University Health System, San Antonio, TX 78207, USA
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Mariam Alatrach
- Texas Diabetes Institute, University Health System, San Antonio, TX 78207, USA
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | | | - Christina Agyin
- Texas Diabetes Institute, University Health System, San Antonio, TX 78207, USA
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - John Adams
- Texas Diabetes Institute, University Health System, San Antonio, TX 78207, USA
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Robert Chilton
- Texas Diabetes Institute, University Health System, San Antonio, TX 78207, USA
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Curtis Triplitt
- Texas Diabetes Institute, University Health System, San Antonio, TX 78207, USA
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | | | | | - Ralph A. DeFronzo
- Texas Diabetes Institute, University Health System, San Antonio, TX 78207, USA
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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12
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McCulley DJ, Jensen EA, Sucre JMS, McKenna S, Sherlock LG, Dobrinskikh E, Wright CJ. Racing against time: leveraging preclinical models to understand pulmonary susceptibility to perinatal acetaminophen exposures. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2022; 323:L1-L13. [PMID: 35503238 PMCID: PMC9208439 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00080.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, clinicians have increasingly prescribed acetaminophen (APAP) for patients in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Acetaminophen has been shown to reduce postoperative opiate burden, and may provide similar efficacy for closure of the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Despite these potential benefits, APAP exposures have spread to increasingly less mature infants, a highly vulnerable population for whom robust pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data for APAP are lacking. Concerningly, preclinical studies suggest that perinatal APAP exposures may result in unanticipated adverse effects that are unique to the developing lung. In this review, we discuss the clinical observations linking APAP exposures to adverse respiratory outcomes and the preclinical data demonstrating a developmental susceptibility to APAP-induced lung injury. We show how clinical observations linking perinatal APAP exposures to pulmonary injury have been taken to the bench to produce important insights into the potential mechanisms underlying these findings. We argue that the available data support a more cautious approach to APAP use in the NICU until large randomized controlled trials provide appropriate safety and efficacy data.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J McCulley
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Erik A Jensen
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, The University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Sarah McKenna
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Laura G Sherlock
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Evgenia Dobrinskikh
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Clyde J Wright
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
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13
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Jiang Z, Wu Z, Deng D, Li J, Qi X, Song M, Liu Y, Wu Q, Xie X, Chen Z, Tang Z. Improved Cytocompatibility and Reduced Calcification of Glutaraldehyde-Crosslinked Bovine Pericardium by Modification With Glutathione. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:844010. [PMID: 35662844 PMCID: PMC9160462 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.844010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioprosthetic heart valves (BHVs) used in clinics are fabricated via glutaraldehyde (GLUT) crosslinking, which results in cytotoxicity and causes eventual valve calcification after implantation into the human body; therefore, the average lifetime and application of BHVs are limited. To address these issues, the most commonly used method is modification with amino acids, such as glycine (GLY), which is proven to effectively reduce toxicity and calcification. In this study, we used the l-glutathione (GSH) in a new modification treatment based on GLUT-crosslinked bovine pericardium (BP) as the GLUT + GSH group, BPs crosslinked with GLUT as GLUT-BP (control group), and GLY modification based on GLUT-BP as the GLUT + GLY group. We evaluated the characteristics of BPs in different treatment groups in terms of biomechanical properties, cell compatibility, aldehyde group content detection, and the calcification content. Aldehyde group detection tests showed that the GSH can completely neutralize the residual aldehyde group of GLUT-BP. Compared with that of GLUT-BP, the endothelial cell proliferation rate of the GLUT + GSH group increased, while its hemolysis rate and the inflammatory response after implantation into the SD rat were reduced. The results show that GSH can effectively improve the cytocompatibility of the GLUT-BP tissue. In addition, the results of the uniaxial tensile test, thermal shrinkage temperature, histological and SEM evaluation, and enzyme digestion experiments proved that GSH did not affect the ECM stability and biomechanics of the GLUT-BP. The calcification level of GLUT-BP modified using GSH technology decreased by 80%, indicating that GSH can improve the anti-calcification performance of GLUT-BP. Compared with GLUT-GLY, GLUT + GSH yielded a higher cell proliferation rate and lower inflammatory response and calcification level. GSH can be used as a new type of anti-calcification agent in GLUT crosslinking biomaterials and is expected to expand the application domain for BHVs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenlin Jiang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhongshi Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defect for Research and Prevention, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Zhongshi Wu, ; Zhenjie Tang,
| | - Dengpu Deng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiemin Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoke Qi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mingzhe Song
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuhong Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiying Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xinlong Xie
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zeguo Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhenjie Tang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Laboratory of Cardiovascular Biomaterials, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Zhongshi Wu, ; Zhenjie Tang,
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Khani H, Abbasi S, Tavakkoli Yaraki M, Gholivand MB. Colorimetric detection and determination of glutathione based on superoxide radical-assisted etching approach. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.107006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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15
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Cis-9, Trans-11 CLA Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Depression of Fatty Acid Synthesis by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress and Autophagy in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 11:antiox11010055. [PMID: 35052560 PMCID: PMC8773093 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the dominating endotoxin of Gram-negative bacteria, which can cause mastitis. Bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs), as major components of the mammary gland, usually suffer LPS challenge. Cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has been reported to have anti-inflammatory characteristics, while its anti-oxidative ability to maintain cellular homeostasis in BMECs under LPS challenge is limited. Therefore, we studied whether cis-9, trans-11 CLA can restore the disturbance of cellular homeostasis indicated by the redox status and autophagy level caused by LPS and have an effect on cellular function- milk fat metabolism. For oxidative stress, LPS challenge promoted the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and decreased the concentration of glutathione. Anti-oxidative signaling regulated by transcription factor nuclear factor, erythroid 2 like 2 (Nrf2) was also depressed by LPS at the mRNA and protein level. However, cis-9, trans-11 CLA pretreatment downregulated the formation of ROS and TBARS and upregulated the expression of antioxidative enzymes. As a part of innate immunity, autophagy was also motivated by LPS challenge, while CLA decreased the autophagy level. LPS and H2O2 inhibited milk fat synthesis-related transcription factor sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP1), peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARG) and their downstream enzymes. Furthermore, 50 uM cis-9, trans-11 CLA promoted the mRNA and protein abundance of milk fat synthesis-related genes and lipid droplet formation in BMECs. In conclusion, LPS challenge disturbed the cellular homeostasis and depressed milk fat synthesis in BMECs; while cis-9, trans-11 CLA alleviated oxidative stress and decreased autophagy level, thus promoting milk fat synthesis, which offers a natural therapeutic strategy for mastitis.
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16
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Organophosphorus pesticides exhibit compound specific effects in rat precision-cut lung slices (PCLS): mechanisms involved in airway response, cytotoxicity, inflammatory activation and antioxidative defense. Arch Toxicol 2021; 96:321-334. [PMID: 34778934 PMCID: PMC8748323 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-021-03186-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Organophosphorus compound pesticides (OP) are widely used in pest control and might be misused for terrorist attacks. Although acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition is the predominant toxic mechanism, OP may induce pneumonia and formation of lung edema after poisoning and during clinical treatment as life-threatening complication. To investigate the underlying mechanisms, rat precision-cut lung slices (PCLS) were exposed to the OP parathion, malathion and their biotransformation products paraoxon and malaoxon (100–2000 µmol/L). Airway response, metabolic activity, release of LDH, cytokine expression and oxidative stress response were analyzed. A concentration-dependent inhibition of airway relaxation was observed after exposure with the oxon but not with the thion-OP. In contrast, cytotoxic effects were observed for both forms in higher concentrations. Increased cytokine expression was observed after exposure to parathion and paraoxon (IL-6, GM-CSF, MIP-1α) and IL-6 expression was dependent on NFκB activation. Intracellular GSH levels were significantly reduced by all four tested OP but an increase in GSSG and HO-1 expression was predominantly observed after malaoxon exposure. Pretreatment with the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine reduced malaoxon but not paraoxon-induced cytotoxicity. PCLS as a 3D lung model system revealed OP-induced effects depending on the particular OP. The experimental data of this study contribute to a better understanding of OP toxicity on cellular targets and may be a possible explanation for the variety of clinical outcomes induced by different OP.
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17
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Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Yue Y, Chao J, Huo F, Yin C. A special o-dialdehyde fluorescent probe simultaneously sensing Hcy, GSH and its application in living cells and zebrafish imaging. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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18
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Faber SC, McNabb NA, Ariel P, Aungst ER, McCullough SD. Exposure Effects Beyond the Epithelial Barrier: Transepithelial Induction of Oxidative Stress by Diesel Exhaust Particulates in Lung Fibroblasts in an Organotypic Human Airway Model. Toxicol Sci 2021; 177:140-155. [PMID: 32525552 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfaa085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In vitro bronchial epithelial monoculture models have been pivotal in defining the adverse effects of inhaled toxicant exposures; however, they are only representative of one cellular compartment and may not accurately reflect the effects of exposures on other cell types. Lung fibroblasts exist immediately beneath the bronchial epithelial barrier and play a central role in lung structure and function, as well as disease development and progression. We tested the hypothesis that in vitro exposure of a human bronchial epithelial cell barrier to the model oxidant diesel exhaust particulates caused transepithelial oxidative stress in the underlying lung fibroblasts using a human bronchial epithelial cell and lung fibroblast coculture model. We observed that diesel exhaust particulates caused transepithelial oxidative stress in underlying lung fibroblasts as indicated by intracellular accumulation of the reactive oxygen species hydrogen peroxide, oxidation of the cellular antioxidant glutathione, activation of NRF2, and induction of oxidative stress-responsive genes. Further, targeted antioxidant treatment of lung fibroblasts partially mitigated the oxidative stress response gene expression in adjacent human bronchial epithelial cells during diesel exhaust particulate exposure. This indicates that exposure-induced oxidative stress in the airway extends beyond the bronchial epithelial barrier and that lung fibroblasts are both a target and a mediator of the adverse effects of inhaled chemical exposures despite being separated from the inhaled material by an epithelial barrier. These findings illustrate the value of coculture models and suggest that transepithelial exposure effects should be considered in inhalation toxicology research and testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha C Faber
- Curriculum in Toxicology and Environmental Medicine, UNC Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Nicole A McNabb
- Public Health and Integrated Toxicology Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, US Environmental Protection Agency, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Pablo Ariel
- Microscopy Services Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Emily R Aungst
- Public Health and Integrated Toxicology Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, US Environmental Protection Agency, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Shaun D McCullough
- Public Health and Integrated Toxicology Division, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, US Environmental Protection Agency, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
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19
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Personalized profiles of antioxidant signaling pathway in patients with tuberculosis. JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY, IMMUNOLOGY, AND INFECTION = WEI MIAN YU GAN RAN ZA ZHI 2021; 55:405-412. [PMID: 34301493 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2021.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE The non-protein thiol glutathione is protective against infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) and, together with the transcription factor NRF2 (the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2), plays a crucial role in counteracting MTB-induced redox imbalance. Many genes implicated in the antioxidant response belong to the NRF2-signalling pathway, whose central role in the pathogenesis of tuberculosis (TB) has been recently proposed. METHODS In this study, we measured GSH levels in blood of patients with active TB and analysed the individual NRF2-mediated redox profile, in order to provide additional tools for discriminating the pathologic TB state and addressing therapeutic interventions. RESULTS Our findings show a systemic individual modulation of GSH and NRF2 signaling pathway in patients with TB, with a "personalized" induction of NRF2-target genes. CONCLUSION This study can provide useful tools to monitor the course of the infection and address patients' treatment.
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20
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Erel Ö, Neşelioğlu S, Ergin Tunçay M, Fırat Oğuz E, Eren F, Akkuş MS, Güner HR, Ateş İ. A sensitive indicator for the severity of COVID-19: thiol. Turk J Med Sci 2021; 51:921-928. [PMID: 33306332 PMCID: PMC8283472 DOI: 10.3906/sag-2011-139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/aim Thiol status is a good reflector of the cellular redox and have vital roles in various cellular signaling pathways. The purpose of the study was to investigate thiol status in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Materials and methods A total of 587 subjects (517 patients/70 healthy controls) were enrolled in the study.The patients were categorized into the groups regarding to the severity of disease (mild, moderate, severe, and critical).Thiol status of all groups were compared. Results The patients had significantly diminished thiol levels compared to controls. Thiol levels were gradually decreased as the severity of the disease increased. Logistic regression analyses identified that thiol concentrations were an independent risk factor for the disease severity in each phase (mild group OR 0.975, 95%CI 0.965-0.986; moderate group, OR 0.964, 95%CI 0.953-0.976; severe group OR 0.953, 95%CI 0.941-0.965; critical group OR 0.947, 95%CI 0.935-0.960).Thiol test exhibited the largest area under the curve at 0.949, with the highest sensitivity (98.6%) and specificity (80.4%). Conclusions Depleted thiol status was observed in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Decline of the thiol levels by degrees while the severity of infection increased was closely related to the progression of the disease. This outcome highlights that thiols could be an impressible biomarker for predicting of the severity of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özcan Erel
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey,Central Biochemistry Laboratory, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Salim Neşelioğlu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey,Central Biochemistry Laboratory, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Merve Ergin Tunçay
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey,Central Biochemistry Laboratory, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Esra Fırat Oğuz
- Central Biochemistry Laboratory, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Funda Eren
- Central Biochemistry Laboratory, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Meryem Sena Akkuş
- Central Research Laboratory, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hatice Rahmet Güner
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey,Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - İhsan Ateş
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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21
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Setti T, Arab MGL, Santos GS, Alkass N, Andrade MAP, Lana JFSD. The protective role of glutathione in osteoarthritis. J Clin Orthop Trauma 2021; 15:145-151. [PMID: 33717929 PMCID: PMC7920102 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcot.2020.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
It is currently understood that osteoarthritis (OA) is a major chronic inflammatory musculoskeletal disease. While this disease has long been attributed to biomechanical trauma, recent evidence establishes a significant correlation between osteoarthritic progression and unbridled oxidative stress, responsible for prolonged inflammation. Research describes this as a disturbance in the balanced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant defenses, generating macromolecular damage and disrupted redox signaling and control. Since ROS pathways are being considered new targets for OA treatment, the development of antioxidant therapy to counteract exacerbated oxidative stress is being continuously researched and enhanced in order to fortify the cellular defenses. Experiments with glutathione and its precursor molecule, N-acetylcysteine (NAC), have shown interesting results in the literature for the management of OA, where they have demonstrated efficacy in reducing cartilage degradation and inflammation markers as well as significant improvements in pain and functional outcomes. Glutathione remains a safe, effective and overall cheap treatment alternative in comparison to other current therapeutic solutions and, for these reasons, it may prove to be comparably superior under particular circumstances. METHODS Literature was reviewed using PubMed and Google Scholar in order to bring up significant evidence and illustrate the defensive mechanisms of antioxidant compounds against oxidative damage in the onset of musculoskeletal diseases. The investigation included a combination of keywords such as: oxidative stress, oxidative damage, inflammation, osteoarthritis, antioxidant, glutathione, n-acetylcysteine, redox, and cell signaling. CONCLUSION Based on the numerous studies included in this literature review, glutathione and its precursor N-acetylcysteine have demonstrated significant protective effects in events of prolonged, exacerbated oxidative stress as seen in chronic inflammatory musculoskeletal disorders such as osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Setti
- Orthopedics – Sports Medicine – Pain Physician, Indolor - Centro Intervencionista de Controle da Dor, 583 Sul Brasil Avenue – Room #406 – Centro, 89814-210, Maravilha, SC, Brazil
| | - Miguel Gustavo Luz Arab
- Orthopedics – Sports Medicine – Pain Physician, Samax - Saude Maxima, 401 Sergipe St – Cj 102, 01243-001, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Silva Santos
- IOC – Instituto do Osso e da Cartilagem, The Bone and Cartilage Institute, 1386 Presidente Kennedy Avenue, Cidade Nova I, 13334-170, Indaiatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Natasha Alkass
- Pharmaceutical Science, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George St, Brisbane City, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Marco Antonio Percope Andrade
- Federal University of Minas Gerais, Department of Locomotor Apparatus, 6627 Presidente Antônio Carlos Avenue, Pampulha, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - José Fábio Santos Duarte Lana
- Orthopedics – Sports Medicine – Pain Physician, IOC – Instituto do Osso e da Cartilagem, The Bone and Cartilage Institute, 1386 Presidente Kennedy Avenue, Cidade Nova I, 13334-170, Indaiatuba, SP, Brazil
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22
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Antunes MA, Lopes-Pacheco M, Rocco PRM. Oxidative Stress-Derived Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Concise Review. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6644002. [PMID: 37448755 PMCID: PMC10337713 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6644002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive and disabling disorder marked by airflow limitation and extensive destruction of lung parenchyma. Cigarette smoke is the major risk factor for COPD development and has been associated with increased oxidant burden on multiple cell types in the lungs. Elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) may significantly affect expression of biological molecules, signaling pathways, and function of antioxidant defenses. Although inflammatory cells, such as neutrophils and macrophages, contribute to the release of large quantities of ROS, mitochondrial dysfunction plays a critical role in ROS production due to oxidative phosphorylation. Although mitochondria are dynamic organelles, excess oxidative stress is able to alter mitochondrial function, morphology, and RNA and protein content. Indeed, mitochondria may change their shape by undergoing fusion (regulated by mitofusin 1, mitofusin 2, and optic atrophy 1 proteins) and fission (regulated by dynamin-related protein 1), which are essential processes to maintain a healthy and functional mitochondrial network. Cigarette smoke can induce mitochondrial hyperfusion, thus reducing mitochondrial quality control and cellular stress resistance. Furthermore, diminished levels of enzymes involved in the mitophagy process, such as Parkin (a ubiquitin ligase E3) and the PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1), are commonly observed in COPD and correlate directly with faulty removal of dysfunctional mitochondria and consequent cell senescence in this disorder. In this review, we highlight the main mechanisms for the regulation of mitochondrial quality and how they are affected by oxidative stress during COPD development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana A. Antunes
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Miquéias Lopes-Pacheco
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Patricia R. M. Rocco
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Rio de Janeiro Innovation Network in Nanosystems for Health-NanoSAÚDE/FAPERJ, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Jadhav U, Gawade T, Bhapkar S, Bharde A. Exploration of intrinsic peroxidase-like activity of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans spent medium and its application for glutathione detection. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:2615-2623. [PMID: 33704545 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02267-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans (At. ferrooxidans) is a bacterium that has the ability to metabolize iron. It converts Fe2+ into Fe3+ during its metabolic cycle. Hence, the At. ferrooxidans spent medium is rich in Fe3+. The presence of Fe3+ contributes to a peroxidase-like activity. Therefore, in this study, an attempt has been made to explore the peroxidase-like activity of the At. ferrooxidans spent medium. It has been observed that the At. ferrooxidans spent medium oxidized 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The effect of various process parameters on the peroxidase-like activity has been studied. Optimum peroxidase-like activity is achieved using 5 µl of the spent medium, 0.3 mM TMB concentration, 4 mM H2O2 concentration, 4.2 pH, and 40 °C temperature. The peroxidase-like activity of the At. ferrooxidans spent medium has been used to develop a colorimetric assay for detection of glutathione (GSH). GSH inhibits the peroxidase-like activity of the At. ferrooxidans spent medium in a concentration range of 0-1 mM. The limit of detection (LOD) of GSH, obtained using the calibration plot is 0.69 mM. The developed assay is selective toward GSH, as the presence of amino acids, metals, and sugars have shown a negligible effect on the GSH sensing ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umesh Jadhav
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Tejas Gawade
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sunil Bhapkar
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Atul Bharde
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Babacanoğlu E, Güller U. Daily oxygen supplementation to the incubator at different stages of embryonic development alters the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the lung tissue of broiler chicks at a high altitude. Br Poult Sci 2021; 62:459-465. [PMID: 33325752 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2020.1864809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
1. Pulmonary hypertension, associated with mitochondrial function in the lung tissue of broilers, can occur at hypoxic high altitudes. The present research examined the impacts of O2 supplementation at different embryonic stages on broiler organ development and antioxidant enzyme activities.2. In total, 360 eggs from Ross 308 broiler breeders at sea level were divided into a control group (O2 non-supplementation group) and three experimental groups daily 1 h 23.5% O2 supplementation from days 0 to 11 (O0-11), from days 12 to 21 (O12-21), and from days 18 to 21 (O18-21) of embryonic age.3. The lung, heart, right ventricular (RV), and left ventricular (LV) + septum of newly hatched and seven day old chicks from every group were dissected and weighed. Antioxidant enzyme activities were examined in their lung tissue.4. The lung weight did not change in any group. At hatching, the heart weight (g and %) was higher in the O12-21 and O18-21 groups than in the O0-11 and control groups, but the relative heart weight was the highest in the O18-21 group in comparison with the O12-21 group.5. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased in all experimental groups at both ages, but glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity increased only in seven day old chicks. Catalase (CAT) exhibited high activity in the O12-21 and O18-21 groups at hatching. In the seven day old chicks, while the CAT activity did not change in the O18-21 group, it decreased in the O0-11 group and increased in the O12-21 group.6. Glutathione reductase (GR) activity did not change in the O18-21 group, but GR exhibited low activity in the O0-11 group and high activity in the O18-21 group in newly hatched chicks. The GR activity only decreased in the O18-21 group of seven day old chicks.7. The results indicated that oxygen supplementation to the incubator caused alterations in the antioxidant enzyme activities in the lungs of broiler chicks, and this may have been in response to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Babacanoğlu
- Department of Animal Science, University of Van Yüzüncü Yıl, Van, Turkey
| | - U Güller
- Iğdır University, Engineering Faculty, Department of Food Engineering, Iğdır, Turkey
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Xie Y, Guo Y, Cao S, Xue M, Fan Z, Gao C, Jin B. Hydroxysafflor Yellow A Attenuates Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Oxidative Damage on Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2020; 2020:8214128. [PMID: 33204292 PMCID: PMC7657673 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8214128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress of endothelial cells is thought to be a principal cause that induces many cardiovascular diseases. Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) is a major active component in traditional Chinese medicine safflower and has been used to cure ischemic cardiovascular diseases in China for many years. This study aims to investigate whether HSYA has a repairing effect on oxidative damage of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) induced by H2O2 and to provide a theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of cardiovascular diseases related to traditional Chinese medicine. Based on the establishment of an H2O2-induced HUVEC oxidative injury model, the cell viability and proliferation rate were measured by the MTT assay and EdU staining. The intracellular GSH/GSSG ratio and SOD activity were determined by kits. The ROS level was detected by flow cytometry. And the BAX, Bcl-2, PTEN, and AKT expressions were evaluated with western blotting methods. The results showed that HSYA treatment significantly attenuated the H2O2-induced HUVEC cell damage, increased the intracellular GSH/GSSG ratio and unit SOD activity also, and decreased the intracellular ROS levels. Furthermore, HSYA increased the expressions of AKT and Bcl-2 proteins and inhibited the expressions of BAX and PTEN proteins. These suggest that HSYA exerts repair effects on H2O2-induced oxidative damage in HUVECs, and the mechanisms may be related to the influence of BAX/Bcl-2 expression and AKT/PTEN signal pathway expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuefeng Xie
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Yan Guo
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
- College of Basic Medicine & Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - ShiDong Cao
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Miaomiao Xue
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - ZhaoYue Fan
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - ChengXian Gao
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Bo Jin
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
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Jabbehdari S, Handa JT. Oxidative stress as a therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of early age-related macular degeneration. Surv Ophthalmol 2020; 66:423-440. [PMID: 32961209 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2020.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration, the leading cause of irreversible visual loss among older adults in developed countries, is a chronic, multifactorial, and progressive disease with the development of painless, central vision loss. Retinal pigment epithelial cell dysfunction is a core change in age-related macular degeneration that results from aging and the accumulated effects of genetic and environmental factors that, in part, is both caused by and leads to oxidative stress. In this review, we describe the role of oxidative stress, the cytoprotective oxidative stress pathways, and the impact of oxidative stress on critical cellular processes involved in age-related macular degeneration pathobiology. We also offer targeted therapy that may define how antioxidant therapy can either prevent or improve specific stages of age-related macular degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayena Jabbehdari
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - James T Handa
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
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Epithelial Dysfunction in Lung Diseases: Effects of Amino Acids and Potential Mechanisms. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1265:57-70. [PMID: 32761570 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-45328-2_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Lung diseases affect millions of individuals all over the world. Various environmental factors, such as toxins, chemical pollutants, detergents, viruses, bacteria, microbial dysbiosis, and allergens, contribute to the development of respiratory disorders. Exposure to these factors activates stress responses in host cells and disrupt lung homeostasis, therefore leading to dysfunctional epithelial barriers. Despite significant advances in therapeutic treatments for lung diseases in the last two decades, novel interventional targets are imperative, considering the side effects and limited efficacy in patients treated with currently available drugs. Nutrients, such as amino acids (e.g., arginine, glutamine, glycine, proline, taurine, and tryptophan), peptides, and bioactive molecules, have attracted more and more attention due to their abilities to reduce oxidative stress, inhibit apoptosis, and regulate immune responses, thereby improving epithelial barriers. In this review, we summarize recent advances in amino acid metabolism in the lungs, as well as multifaceted functions of amino acids in attenuating inflammatory lung diseases based on data from studies with both human patients and animal models. The underlying mechanisms for the effects of physiological amino acids are likely complex and involve cell signaling, gene expression, and anti-oxidative reactions. The beneficial effects of amino acids are expected to improve the respiratory health and well-being of humans and other animals. Because viruses (e.g., coronavirus) and environmental pollutants (e.g., PM2.5 particles) induce severe damage to the lungs, it is important to determine whether dietary supplementation or intravenous administration of individual functional amino acids (e.g., arginine-HCl, citrulline, N-acetylcysteine, glutamine, glycine, proline and tryptophan) or their combinations to affected subjects may alleviate injury and dysfunction in this vital organ.
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Singh M, Vaughn C, Sasaninia K, Yeh C, Mehta D, Khieran I, Venketaraman V. Understanding the Relationship between Glutathione, TGF-β, and Vitamin D in Combating Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infections. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9092757. [PMID: 32858837 PMCID: PMC7563738 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9092757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a pervasive global health threat. A significant proportion of the world's population that is affected by latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is at risk for reactivation and subsequent transmission to close contacts. Despite sustained efforts in eradication, the rise of multidrug-resistant strains of Mycobacteriumtuberculosis (M. tb) has rendered traditional antibiotic therapy less effective at mitigating the morbidity and mortality of the disease. Management of TB is further complicated by medications with various off-target effects and poor compliance. Immunocompromised patients are the most at-risk in reactivation of a LTBI, due to impairment in effector immune responses. Our laboratory has previously reported that individuals suffering from Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and HIV exhibited compromised levels of the antioxidant glutathione (GSH). Restoring the levels of GSH resulted in improved control of M. tb infection. The goal of this review is to provide insights on the diverse roles of TGF- β and vitamin D in altering the levels of GSH, granuloma formation, and clearance of M. tb infection. We propose that these pathways represent a potential avenue for future investigation and development of new TB treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohkam Singh
- Graduate College of Biomedical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USA; (M.S.); (C.V.); (K.S.)
| | - Charles Vaughn
- Graduate College of Biomedical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USA; (M.S.); (C.V.); (K.S.)
| | - Kayvan Sasaninia
- Graduate College of Biomedical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USA; (M.S.); (C.V.); (K.S.)
| | - Christopher Yeh
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USA; (C.Y.); (D.M.); (I.K.)
| | - Devanshi Mehta
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USA; (C.Y.); (D.M.); (I.K.)
| | - Ibrahim Khieran
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USA; (C.Y.); (D.M.); (I.K.)
| | - Vishwanath Venketaraman
- Graduate College of Biomedical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USA; (M.S.); (C.V.); (K.S.)
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766-1854, USA; (C.Y.); (D.M.); (I.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-909-706-3736
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Targeting the MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathways Affects NRF2, Trx and GSH Antioxidant Systems in Leukemia Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9070633. [PMID: 32709140 PMCID: PMC7402140 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9070633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal kinase (ERK) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signal transduction pathways have been implicated in the pathogenesis of leukemia. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the combination of ERK1/2 inhibitor AZD0364 and PI3K inhibitor ZSTK474 on acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) REH, MOLT-4, acute myeloid leukemia (AML) MOLM-14, and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) K562 cell lines. To evaluate the interactions of the drugs, cells were treated for 48 h with AZD0364 or ZSTK474 alone and in combination at fixed ratios. The combinatorial effects of both inhibitors were synergistic over a wide range of concentrations in REH, MOLT-4, and MOLM-14 cell lines. However, in K562 cells, the effects were found to be antagonistic. Furthermore, AZD0364 and ZSTK474 significantly decreased both ERK1/2 and AKT activation in REH, MOLT-4, and MOLM-14 cells. The results showed that incubation with both AZD0364 and ZSTK474 inhibited cell viability, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and induced apoptosis in leukemia cells. We observed that combined treatment with AZD0364 and ZSTK474 affected nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and antioxidant protein levels: NF-E2-related factor 2 (NRF2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), thioredoxin (Trx), thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), and the reduced glutathione/oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) ratio. These effects were accompanied with decreased antiapoptotic survivin protein level. However, distinct cell line dependent effects were observed. In conclusion, the combination of AZD0364 and ZSTK474 can exert a synergistic anticancer effect in ALL and AML cells, which is associated with the induction of oxidative stress and the involvement of cellular antioxidant defense mechanisms.
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Nichenametla SN, Mattocks DAL, Malloy VL. Age-at-onset-dependent effects of sulfur amino acid restriction on markers of growth and stress in male F344 rats. Aging Cell 2020; 19:e13177. [PMID: 32573078 PMCID: PMC7426777 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Trade-offs in life-history traits are clinically and mechanistically important. Sulfur amino acid restriction (SAAR) extends lifespan. But whether this benefit comes at the cost of other traits including stress resistance and growth is unclear. We investigated the effects of SAAR on growth markers (body weight, IGF1, and IGFBP3) and physiological stresses. Male-F344 rats were fed control (0.86% Met) and SAAR (0.17% Met) diets starting at 2, 10, and 20 months. Rats were injected with keyhole-limpet-hemocyanin (KLH) to measure immune responses (anti-KLH-IgM, anti-KLH-IgG, and delayed-type-hypersensitivity [DTH]). Markers of ER stress (FGF21 and adiponectin), detoxification capacity (glutathione [GSH] concentrations, GSH-S-transferase [GST], and cytochrome-P450 -reductase [CPR] activities), and low-grade inflammation (C-reactive protein [CRP]) were also determined. SAAR decreased body weight, liver weight, food intake, plasma IGF1, and IGFBP3; the effect size diminished with increasing age-at-onset. SAAR increased FGF21 and adiponectin, but stress damage markers GRP78 and Xbp1s/us were unchanged, suggesting that ER stress is hormetic. SAAR increased hepatic GST activity despite lower GSH, but CPR activity was unchanged, indicative of enhanced detoxification capacity. Other stress markers were either uncompromised (CRP, anti-KLH-IgM, and DTH) or slightly lower (anti-KLH-IgG). Increases in stress markers were similar across all ages-at-onset, except for adiponectin, which peaked at 2 months. Overall, SAAR did not compromise stress responses and resulted in maximal benefits with young-onset. In survival studies, median lifespan extension with initiation at 52 weeks was 7 weeks (p = .05); less than the 33.5-week extension observed in our previous study with 7-week initiation. Findings support SAAR translational studies and the need to optimize Met dose based on age-at-onset.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dwight A. L. Mattocks
- Animal Science Laboratory Orentreich Foundation for the Advancement of Science NY USA
| | - Virginia L Malloy
- Animal Science Laboratory Orentreich Foundation for the Advancement of Science NY USA
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Güller P, Budak H, Şişecioğlu M, Çiftci M. An in vivo and in vitro comparison of the effects of amoxicillin, gentamicin, and cefazolin sodium antibiotics on the mouse hepatic and renal glutathione reductase enzyme. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2020; 34:e22496. [DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pınar Güller
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of Science, Atatürk UniversityErzurum Turkey
| | - Harun Budak
- Department of Molecular Biology and GeneticsFaculty of Science, Atatürk UniversityErzurum Turkey
| | - Melda Şişecioğlu
- Department of Molecular Biology and GeneticsFaculty of Science, Atatürk UniversityErzurum Turkey
| | - Mehmet Çiftci
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of Arts and Sciences, Bingöl University Bingöl Turkey
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Tulinska J, Masanova V, Liskova A, Mikusova ML, Rollerova E, Krivosikova Z, Stefikova K, Uhnakova I, Ursinyova M, Babickova J, Babelova A, Busova M, Tothova L, Wsolova L, Dusinska M, Sojka M, Horvathova M, Alacova R, Vecera Z, Mikuska P, Coufalik P, Krumal K, Capka L, Docekal B. Six-week inhalation of CdO nanoparticles in mice: The effects on immune response, oxidative stress, antioxidative defense, fibrotic response, and bones. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 136:110954. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.110954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Kostakoglu U, Topcu A, Atak M, Tumkaya L, Mercantepe T, Uydu HA. The protective effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor against cecal ligation and puncture-induced sepsis via oxidative stress and inflammation. Life Sci 2019; 241:117051. [PMID: 31733315 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Sepsis is a severe public health problem affecting millions of individuals, with global mortality rates caused by lower respiratory tract infections are approximately 2.38 million people a year die from respiratory failure caused by infection. Although ACE is known to contribute to damage in septicemia, the pathophysiological mechanisms of sepsis remain unclear. While mortality can be significantly reduced through effective and sensitive antibiotic therapy, antibiotic resistance restricts the use of these drugs, and the investigation of novel agents and targets is therefore essential. Our aim was to determine whether Perindopril (PER) has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant capable of preventing these adverse conditions resulting in injury in previous studies. MAIN METHODS Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned into the control group, received oral saline solution alone for four days. the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) group, underwent only cecal ligation and puncture induced sepsis, while the CLP + PER (2 mg/kg) underwent cecal ligation and puncture-induced sepsis together with oral administration of 2 mg/kg PER for four days before induction of sepsis. KEY FINDINGS Malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), Caspase-3 and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kβ/p65) levels increased in the CLP group. On the other hand, PER (2 mg/kg) oral administration to septic rats decreased MDA, TNF-α and increase glutathione (GSH) in the lung tissue. In addition, PER administration also decreased the lung tissue NF-κB and Caspase-3 immunopositivity against sepsis. SIGNIFICANCE PER treatment may represent a promising means of preventing sepsis-induced lung injury via antioxidant and anti-inflammation effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugur Kostakoglu
- Department of Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, 53100, Rize, Turkey.
| | - Atilla Topcu
- Department of Pharmacology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Medicine, 53100, Rize, Turkey
| | - Mehtap Atak
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, 53100, Rize, Turkey
| | - Levent Tumkaya
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, 53100, Rize, Turkey
| | - Tolga Mercantepe
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, 53100, Rize, Turkey
| | - Huseyin Avni Uydu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, 53100, Rize, Turkey
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Characterization and Validation of an "Acute Aerobic Exercise Load" as a Tool to Assess Antioxidative and Anti-inflammatory Nutrition in Healthy Subjects Using a Statistically Integrated Approach in a Comprehensive Clinical Trial. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:9526725. [PMID: 31612079 PMCID: PMC6755301 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9526725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The homeostatic challenge may provide unique opportunities for quantitative assessment of the health-promoting effects of nutritional interventions in healthy individuals. Objective. The present study is aimed at characterizing and validating the use of acute aerobic exercise (AAE) on a treadmill at 60% of VO2max for 30 min, in assessing the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of a nutritional intervention. In a controlled, randomized, parallel trial of Korean black raspberry (KBR) (n = 24/group), fasting blood and urine samples collected before and following the AAE load at either baseline or 4-week follow-up were analyzed for biochemical markers, 1H-NMR metabolomics, and transcriptomics. The AAE was characterized using the placebo data only, and either the placebo or the treatment data were used in the validation. The AAE load generated a total of 50 correlations of 44 selected markers, based on Pearson's correlation coefficient analysis of 105 differential markers. Subsequent mapping of selected markers onto the KEGG pathway dataset showed 127 pathways relevant to the AAE load. Of these, 54 pathways involving 18 key targets were annotated to be related to oxidative stress and inflammation. The biochemical responses were amplified with the AAE load as compared to those with no load, whereas, the metabolomic and transcriptomic responses were downgraded. Furthermore, target-pathway network analysis revealed that the AAE load provided more explanations on how KBR exerted antioxidant effects in healthy subjects (29 pathways involving 12 key targets with AAE vs. 12 pathways involving 2 key targets without AAE). This study provides considerable insight into the molecular changes incurred by AAE and furthers our understanding that AAE-induced homeostatic perturbation could magnify oxidative and inflammatory responses, thereby providing a unique opportunity to test functional foods for antioxidant and anti-inflammatory purposes in clinical settings with healthy subjects.
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Yadav R, Odera K, Rai A, Takahashi R, Mishra L. Synthesis, characterization, and supramolecular architectures of two distinct classes of probes for the visualization of endogenously generated hypochlorite ions in response to cellular activity. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2019; 198:111594. [PMID: 31446177 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.111594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Two distinct classes of compounds, (E)-2-(((3-amino-4-nitrophenyl) imino) methyl)-5-(diethylamino) phenol (SB) and 5-(diethylamino)-2-(5-nitro-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl) phenol (IM) were synthesized. SB, a bright red colored compound was crystallized in acetonitrile as a triclinic crystal system while IM, yellow colored compound crystallized as a monoclinic crystal system in dimethylformamide by vapor diffusion of diethylether. These compounds were characterized using spectroscopic techniques (IR, UV-visible, 1H, and 13C NMR), and X-ray crystallography. SB and IM displayed classical and non-classical H-bonding involving C-H…O and π…π interactions. These compounds detected hypochlorite ions in aqueous DMSO (1: 9, v/v, HEPES buffer, pH 7.4), and detection was visible via color changes by naked eye. We also performed UV-visible and fluorescence titrations, showing detection limits of 8.82 × 10-7 M for SB and 2.44 × 10-7 M for IM. The fluorometric responses from SB and IM were also studied against different ROS and anions. DFT calculations were performed to strengthen the proposed sensing mechanisms of both SB and IM. Hypochlorite, which is endogenously generated by myeloperoxidase in endosomes, was specifically visualized using SB and IM in lipopolysaccharide-treated RAW264.7 cells. These probes were also used to image the generation of hypochlorite by RAW264.7 cells during phagocytosis of non-fluorescent polystyrene beads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Keiko Odera
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan
| | - Abhishek Rai
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Ryoya Takahashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan.
| | - Lallan Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
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Parmar A, Kaur G, Kapil S, Sharma V, Sachar S, Sandhir R, Sharma S. Green chemistry mediated synthesis of PLGA-Silver nanocomposites for antibacterial synergy: Introspection of formulation parameters on structural and bactericidal aspects. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2019.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Malekmohammad K, Sewell RDE, Rafieian-Kopaei M. Antioxidants and Atherosclerosis: Mechanistic Aspects. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E301. [PMID: 31349600 PMCID: PMC6722928 DOI: 10.3390/biom9080301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease which is a major cause of coronary heart disease and stroke in humans. It is characterized by intimal plaques and cholesterol accumulation in arterial walls. The side effects of currently prescribed synthetic drugs and their high cost in the treatment of atherosclerosis has prompted the use of alternative herbal medicines, dietary supplements, and antioxidants associated with fewer adverse effects for the treatment of atherosclerosis. This article aims to present the activity mechanisms of antioxidants on atherosclerosis along with a review of the most prevalent medicinal plants employed against this multifactorial disease. The wide-ranging information in this review article was obtained from scientific databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct and Google Scholar. Natural and synthetic antioxidants have a crucial role in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis through different mechanisms. These include: The inhibition of low density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation, the reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, the inhibition of cytokine secretion, the prevention of atherosclerotic plaque formation and platelet aggregation, the preclusion of mononuclear cell infiltration, the improvement of endothelial dysfunction and vasodilation, the augmentation of nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, the modulation of the expression of adhesion molecules such as vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) on endothelial cells, and the suppression of foam cell formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khojasteh Malekmohammad
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord 8818634141, Iran
| | - Robert D E Sewell
- Cardiff School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3NB, UK
| | - Mahmoud Rafieian-Kopaei
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord 8813833435, Iran.
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Diabaté S, Mülhopt S, Paur HR, Krug HF. The Response of a Co-culture Lung Model to Fine and Ultrafine Particles of Incinerator Fly Ash at the Air–liquid Interface. Altern Lab Anim 2019; 36:285-98. [DOI: 10.1177/026119290803600306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Diabaté
- Institute of Toxicology & Genetics, Molecular Toxicology, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Sonja Mülhopt
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Thermal Waste Treatment, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Hanns-Rudolf Paur
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Thermal Waste Treatment, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Harald F. Krug
- EMPA – Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Testing & Research, St Gallen, Switzerland
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Dommisch H, Kuzmanova D, Jönsson D, Grant M, Chapple I. Effect of micronutrient malnutrition on periodontal disease and periodontal therapy. Periodontol 2000 2019; 78:129-153. [PMID: 30198127 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a complex chronic inflammatory noncommunicable disease, initiated by the development of a dysbiotic microbial plaque biofilm below the gingival margin. Whilst the pathogenic biofilm is a "necessary cause" of periodontitis, it is insufficient on its own to cause the disease, and a destructive immune-inflammatory response is a key to the translation of risk to destructive events. Other exposures or "component causes" include individual genetic predisposition, lifestyle (including smoking and nutrition), and environmental factors. Dietary nutrients are essential for life as they provide crucial energy sources in the form of macronutrients, as well as important cofactors in the form of micronutrients, which regulate the functionality of enzymes during the regulation of anabolic and catabolic processes in human cells. Moreover, micronutrients can regulate gene transcription factors, such as the proinflammatory nuclear factor kappa B and the anti-inflammatory nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2. This review focuses on the role of vitamins (vitamin A, carotenoids, the vitamin B complex, vitamins C, D, and E, and coenzyme Q10) and minerals (calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, potassium, copper, manganese, and selenium) in human physiology and the impact of their deficiencies upon periodontal health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Dommisch
- Department of Periodontology and Synoptic Dentistry, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Denica Kuzmanova
- Department of Periodontology and Synoptic Dentistry, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Jönsson
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Melissa Grant
- Periodontal Research Group, School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Iain Chapple
- Periodontal Research Group, School of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,Birminham Community Health Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
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Huang D, Liu Y, Liu Y, Di D, Wang H, Yang W. Preparation of metal–organic frameworks with bimetallic linkers and corresponding properties. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj00433e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with bimetallic linkers were synthesized through a facile reflux route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Huang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwest Normal University
- Lanzhou 730070
- P. R. China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province
| | - Yi Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Yongfeng Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Duolong Di
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Hao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
- Lanzhou 730000
- P. R. China
| | - Wu Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Northwest Normal University
- Lanzhou 730070
- P. R. China
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Yuan Z, Zheng Y, Yu B, Wang S, Yang X, Wang B. Esterase-Sensitive Glutathione Persulfide Donor. Org Lett 2018; 20:6364-6367. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengnan Yuan
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Yueqin Zheng
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Bingchen Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Siming Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Xiaoxiao Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
| | - Binghe Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, United States
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Oxidative stress mediated cytotoxicity of tin (IV) oxide (SnO 2) nanoparticles in human breast cancer (MCF-7) cells. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 172:152-160. [PMID: 30172199 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Revised: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Due to unique optical and electronic properties tin oxide nanoparticles (SnO2 NPs) have shown potential for various applications including solar cell, catalyst, and biomedicine. However, there is limited information concerning the interaction of SnO2 NPs with human cells. In this study, we explored the potential mechanisms of cytotoxicity of SnO2 NPs in human breast cancer (MCF-7) cells. Results demonstrated that SnO2 NPs induce cell viability reduction, lactate dehydrogenase leakage, rounded cell morphology, cell cycle arrest and low mitochondrial membrane potential in dose- and time-dependent manner. SnO2 NPs were also found to provoke oxidative stress evident by generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and lipid peroxidation, while depletion of glutathione (GSH) level and lower activity of several antioxidant enzymes. Remarkably, we observed that ROS generation, GSH depletion, and cytotoxicity induced by SnO2 NPs were effectively abrogated by antioxidant N-acetylcycteine. Our data have shown that SnO2 NPs induce toxicity in MCF-7 cells via oxidative stress. This study warrants further research to explore the genotoxicity of SnO2 NPs in different types of cancer cells.
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Ahmadi-Kani Golzar F, Fathi R, Mahjoub S. High-fat diet leads to adiposity and adipose tissue inflammation: the effect of whey protein supplementation and aerobic exercise training. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2018; 44:255-262. [PMID: 30107135 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2018-0307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
There is little understanding about dietary proteins and their potential contribution to obesity-induced inflammation. This study investigates the effect of 10 weeks of aerobic training and whey protein (WP) supplementation on visceral adipose tissue inflammation in rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD). In the first phase, which lasted 9 weeks, 40 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: (1) normal diet (n = 8), and (2) HFD (n = 32). In the second phase, rats fed an HFD were randomly assigned into 4 groups (n = 8/group): (1) sedentary, (2) WP, (3) aerobic training, and (4) WP + aerobic training. The aerobic training was performed for 10 weeks, 5 days/week at 21 m/min, 15% incline, for 60 min/day. HFD significantly increased body weight, adiposity index, fat pads weight, glucose levels, and insulin resistance index compared with the normal diet. Also, levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α), and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) in adipose tissue and serum levels of TNF-α were increased in the HFD group. Glucose levels, insulin resistance index, and triglycerides were reduced only by WP, independently of aerobic training. Both the aerobic training and WP reduced the fat pads weight and levels of TNF-α, HIF-1α, and VEGF-A in adipose tissue. Nevertheless, the levels of MCP-1 in adipose tissue and serum levels of TNF-α and MCP-1 were not reduced significantly by WP or aerobic training. These findings suggest that both aerobic training and WP supplementation lead to a reduction in adiposity and ameliorate obesity-induced inflammation in visceral adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rozita Fathi
- a Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Soleiman Mahjoub
- b Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Science, Babol, Iran
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45
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Omidi M, Ghafarian-Bahraman A, Mohammadi-Bardbori A. GSH/GSSG redox couple plays central role in aryl hydrocarbon receptor-dependent modulation of cytochrome P450 1A1. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2018; 32:e22164. [PMID: 29975444 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The redox regulation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) target genes such as the best characterized, cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) has not been known. Therefore the aim of this study was to explore how cellular redox state can influence on AHR-dependent modulation of CYP1A1 transcription and enzyme activities. Male BALB/c albino mice, HepG2 cells, and human hepatoma cell line (HepG2-XRE-Luc) carrying CYP1A1 response elements were exposed to suggested endogenous ligand of AHR,6-formylindolo[3,2-b] carbazole (FICZ) alone or in combination with, buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine (BSO) or N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC). A clear link between CYP1A1 transcription and enzyme activity and changes in the glutathione/oxidised glutathione (GSH/GSSG) redox couple was shown. In vivo and in vitro findings demonstrated that the time course of AHR activation/inhibition is characterized by an increase/decrease in the GSH/GSSG ratio. Based on these findings, we propose that many environmental pollutants and oxidants by alteration in the intracellular redox potential may interfere with the normal function of AHR target genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Omidi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Ghafarian-Bahraman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Afshin Mohammadi-Bardbori
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Qian M, Lou Y, Wang Y, Zhang M, Jiang Q, Mo Y, Han K, Jin S, Dai Q, Yu Y, Wang Z, Wang J. PICK1 deficiency exacerbates sepsis-associated acute lung injury and impairs glutathione synthesis via reduction of xCT. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 118:23-34. [PMID: 29471107 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The role of oxidative stress has been well documented in the development of sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI). Protein interaction with C-kinase 1 (PICK1) participates in oxidative stress-related neuronal diseases. However, its function in lung infections and inflammatory diseases is not known. We therefore sought to investigate whether PICK1 is involved in sepsis-induced ALI. Cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) was performed in anesthetized wild type (WT) and PICK1 knock out (KO, PICK1-/-) mice with C57BL/6 background. At the time of CLP, mice were given fluid resuscitation. Mouse lungs were harvested at 24 and 72 h for Western blot analysis, qRT-PCR, BALF analysis, Hematoxylin and Eosin staining, TUNEL staining, maleimide staining, flow cytometry analysis, GCL, GSH, GSSG and cysteine levels measurement. A marked elevation of PICK1 mRNA and protein level were demonstrated in lung tissue, which was accompanied by increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) and consumption of glutathione (GSH). N-acetylcysteine (NAC), buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) and GSH-monoethyl ester (GSH-MEE) were injected into mice via caudal vein to regulate glutathione (GSH) level in lung. Alterations of lung GSH content induced PICK1 level change after CLP challenge. In PICK1-/- underwent with CLP, lung injury and survival were significantly aggravated compared with wild-type mice underwent with CLP. Concomitantly, CLP-induced lung cell apoptosis was exacerbated in PICK1-/- mice. The level of xCT, other than PKCα, in lung tissue was significantly lowered in PICK1-/- but not in wild type that underwent CLP surgery. Meanwhile, Nrf2 activation, which dominating xCT expression, was inhibited in PICK1-/- but not in wild type mice that underwent CLP surgery, as well. Moreover, higher level of PICK1 was detected in PBMCs of septic patients than healthy controls. Taken together, PICK1 plays a pivotal role in sepsis-induced ALI by regulating GSH synthesis via affecting the substrate-specific subunit of lung cystine/glutamate transporter, xCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meizi Qian
- Department of Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China.
| | - Yingying Lou
- Department of Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China.
| | - Yixiu Wang
- Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China.
| | - Minyuan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China.
| | - Qun Jiang
- Department of Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China.
| | - Yunchang Mo
- Department of Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China.
| | - Kunyuan Han
- Department of Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China.
| | - Shenhui Jin
- Department of Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China.
| | - Qinxue Dai
- Department of Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China.
| | - Yulong Yu
- Department of Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China.
| | - Zhen Wang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Blood Transfusion, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Junlu Wang
- Department of Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China.
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Hirsch GE, Jaskulski M, Hamerski HM, Porto FG, da Silva B, Aita CAM, Kroker K, de Bem Silveira G, Silveira PCL, Santos GT, Klafke JZ, Viecili PRN. Evaluation of oxidative stress and brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels related to crack-use detoxification. Neurosci Lett 2018; 670:62-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Xiong W, Zhang W, Yuan W, Du H, Ming K, Yao F, Bai J, Chen Y, Liu J, Wang D, Hu Y, Wu Y. Phosphorylation of Icariin Can Alleviate the Oxidative Stress Caused by the Duck Hepatitis Virus A through Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases Signaling Pathways. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1850. [PMID: 29018425 PMCID: PMC5622922 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The duck virus hepatitis (DVH) caused by the duck hepatitis virus A (DHAV) has produced extensive economic losses to the duck industry. The currently licensed commercial vaccine has shown some defects and does not completely prevent the DVH. Accordingly, a new alternative treatment for this disease is urgently needed. Previous studies have shown that icariin (ICA) and its phosphorylated derivative (pICA) possessed good anti-DHAV effects through direct and indirect antiviral pathways, such as antioxidative stress. But the antioxidant activity showed some differences between ICA and pICA. The aim of this study is to prove that ICA and pICA attenuate oxidative stress caused by DHAV in vitro and in vivo, and to investigate their mechanism of action to explain their differences in antioxidant activities. In vivo, the dynamic deaths, oxidative evaluation indexes and hepatic pathological change scores were detected. When was added the hinokitiol which showed the pro-oxidative effect as an intervention method, pICA still possessed more treatment effect than ICA. The strong correlation between mortality and oxidative stress proves that ICA and pICA alleviate oxidative stress caused by DHAV. This was also demonstrated by the addition of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as an intervention method in vitro. pICA can be more effective than ICA to improve duck embryonic hepatocytes (DEHs) viability and reduce the virulence of DHAV. The strong correlation between TCID50 and oxidative stress demonstrates that ICA and pICA can achieve anti-DHAV effects by inhibiting oxidative stress. In addition, the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) of ICA and pICA showed significant difference. pICA could significantly inhibit the phosphorylation of p38, extra cellular signal regulated Kinase (ERK 1/2) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), which were related to mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling pathways. Ultimately, compared to ICA, pICA exhibited more antioxidant activity that could regulate oxidative stress-related indicators, and inhibited the phosphorylation of MAPKs signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Xiong
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenjuan Yuan
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongxu Du
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ke Ming
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fangke Yao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingying Bai
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiaguo Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Deyun Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanliang Hu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Huang L, Zhang K, Guo Y, Huang F, Yang K, Chen L, Huang K, Zhang F, Long Q, Yang Q. Honokiol protects against doxorubicin cardiotoxicity via improving mitochondrial function in mouse hearts. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11989. [PMID: 28931882 PMCID: PMC5607346 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12095-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Honokiol is a key component of a medicinal herb, Magnolia bark. Honokiol possesses potential pharmacological benefits for many disease conditions, especially cancer. Recent studies demonstrate that Honokiol exerts beneficial effects on cardiac hypertrophy and doxorubicin (Dox)-cardiotoxicity via deacetylation of mitochondrial proteins. However, the effects and mechanisms of Honokiol on cardiac mitochondrial respiration remain unclear. In the present study, we investigate the effect of Honokiol on cardiac mitochondrial respiration in mice subjected to Dox treatment. Oxygen consumption in freshly isolated mitochondria from mice treated with Honokiol showed enhanced mitochondrial respiration. The Dox-induced impairment of mitochondrial respiration was less pronounced in honokiol-treated than control mice. Furthermore, Luciferase reporter assay reveals that Honokiol modestly increased PPARγ transcriptional activities in cultured embryonic rat cardiomyocytes (H9c2). Honokiol upregulated the expression of PPARγ in the mouse heart. Honokiol repressed cardiac inflammatory responses and oxidative stress in mice subjected to Dox treatment. As a result, Honokiol alleviated Dox-cardiotoxicity with improved cardiac function and reduced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. We conclude that Honokiol protects the heart from Dox-cardiotoxicity via improving mitochondrial function by not only repressing mitochondrial protein acetylation but also enhancing PPARγ activity in the heart. This study further supports Honokiol as a promising therapy for cancer patients receiving Dox treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhen Huang
- School of Basic Medicine, Research Center of Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 230 Guangzhou University City Outer Ring Road, Guangzhou, 510006, China.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Kailiang Zhang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yingying Guo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Fengyuan Huang
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1675 Univ Blvd, Birmingham, AL, 35205, USA
| | - Kevin Yang
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1675 Univ Blvd, Birmingham, AL, 35205, USA
| | - Long Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Kai Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Fengxue Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Research Center of Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 230 Guangzhou University City Outer Ring Road, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Qinqiang Long
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Qinglin Yang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China. .,Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1675 Univ Blvd, Birmingham, AL, 35205, USA.
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CYT-Rx20 Inhibits Cervical Cancer Cell Growth and Migration Through Oxidative Stress-Induced DNA Damage, Cell Apoptosis, and Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition Inhibition. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2017; 27:1306-1317. [PMID: 30814237 DOI: 10.1097/igc.0000000000001033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The β-nitrostyrene family has been reported to possess anticancer properties. However, the anticancer activity of β-nitrostyrenes on cervical cancer cells and the underlying mechanisms involved remain unexplored. In this study, a β-nitrostyrene derivative CYT-Rx20 (3'-hydroxy-4'-methoxy-β-methyl-β-nitrostyrene) was synthesized, and its anticancer activity on cervical cancer cells and the mechanisms involved were investigated. METHODS The effect of CYT-Rx20 on human cervical cancer cell growth was evaluated using cell viability assay. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and annexin V staining were detected by flow cytometry. The protein expression levels of cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9, cleaved poly (ADPribose) polymerase, γH2AX, β-catenin, Vimentin, and Twist were measured by Western blotting. DNA double-strand breaks were determined by γ-H2AX foci formation and neutral comet assay. Migration assay was used to determine cancer cell migration. Nude mice xenograft was used to investigate the antitumor effects of CYT-Rx20 in vivo. RESULTS CYT-Rx20 induced cytotoxicity in cervical cancer cells by promoting cell apoptosis via ROS generation and DNA damage. CYT-Rx20-induced cell apoptosis, ROS generation, and DNA damage were reversed by thiol antioxidants. In addition, CYT-Rx20 inhibited cervical cancer cell migration by regulating the expression of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition markers. In nude mice, CYT-Rx20 inhibited cervical tumor growth accompanied by increased expression of DNA damage marker γH2AX and decreased expression of mesenchymal markers β-catenin and Twist. CONCLUSIONS CYT-Rx20 inhibits cervical cancer cells in vitro and in vivo and has the potential to be further developed into an anti-cervical cancer drug clinically.
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