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Leow DMK, Cheah IKM, Chen L, Ng YK, Yeo CJJ, Halliwell B, Ong WY. Ergothioneine-Mediated Neuroprotection of Human iPSC-Derived Dopaminergic Neurons. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:693. [PMID: 38929132 PMCID: PMC11200999 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13060693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell death involving oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction is a major cause of dopaminergic neuronal loss in the substantia nigra (SN) of Parkinson's disease patients. Ergothioneine (ET), a natural dietary compound, has been shown to have cytoprotective functions, but neuroprotective actions against PD have not been well established. 6-Hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) is a widely used neurotoxin to simulate the degeneration of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in Parkinson's disease. In this study, we investigated the protective effect of ET on 6-OHDA treated iPSC-derived dopaminergic neurons (iDAs) and further confirmed the protective effects in 6-OHDA-treated human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. In 6-OHDA-treated cells, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS), reduced cellular ATP levels, and increased total protein carbonylation levels were observed. 6-OHDA treatment also significantly decreased tyrosine hydroxylase levels. These effects were significantly decreased when ET was present. Verapamil hydrochloride (VHCL), a non-specific inhibitor of the ET transporter OCTN1 abrogated ET's cytoprotective effects, indicative of an intracellular action. These results suggest that ET could be a potential therapeutic for Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Meng-Kiat Leow
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117594, Singapore
- Neurobiology Research Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | - Irwin Kee-Mun Cheah
- Neurobiology Research Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117596, Singapore
| | - Lucrecia Chen
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117594, Singapore
- Neurobiology Research Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | - Yang-Kai Ng
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117594, Singapore
- Neurobiology Research Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | - Crystal Jing-Jing Yeo
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138673, Singapore
- National Neuroscience Institute (NNI), Singapore 308433, Singapore
- Institute of Education in Healthcare and Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB51 7HA, UK
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60611, USA
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore
| | - Barry Halliwell
- Neurobiology Research Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117596, Singapore
| | - Wei-Yi Ong
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117594, Singapore
- Neurobiology Research Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
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2
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Starr LA, McKay LE, Peter KN, Seyfarth LM, Berkowitz LA, Caldwell KA, Caldwell GA. Attenuation of Dopaminergic Neurodegeneration in a C. elegans Parkinson's Model through Regulation of Xanthine Dehydrogenase (XDH-1) Expression by the RNA Editase, ADR-2. J Dev Biol 2023; 11:jdb11020020. [PMID: 37218814 DOI: 10.3390/jdb11020020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Differential RNA editing by adenosine deaminases that act on RNA (ADARs) has been implicated in several neurological disorders, including Parkinson's disease (PD). Here, we report results of a RNAi screen of genes differentially regulated in adr-2 mutants, normally encoding the only catalytically active ADAR in Caenorhabditis elegans, ADR-2. Subsequent analysis of candidate genes that alter the misfolding of human α-synuclein (α-syn) and dopaminergic neurodegeneration, two PD pathologies, reveal that reduced expression of xdh-1, the ortholog of human xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH), is protective against α-synuclein-induced dopaminergic neurodegeneration. Further, RNAi experiments show that WHT-2, the worm ortholog of the human ABCG2 transporter and a predicted interactor of XDH-1, is the rate-limiting factor in the ADR-2, XDH-1, WHT-2 system for dopaminergic neuroprotection. In silico structural modeling of WHT-2 indicates that the editing of one nucleotide in the wht-2 mRNA leads to the substitution of threonine with alanine at residue 124 in the WHT-2 protein, changing hydrogen bonds in this region. Thus, we propose a model where wht-2 is edited by ADR-2, which promotes optimal export of uric acid, a known substrate of WHT-2 and a product of XDH-1 activity. In the absence of editing, uric acid export is limited, provoking a reduction in xdh-1 transcription to limit uric acid production and maintain cellular homeostasis. As a result, elevation of uric acid is protective against dopaminergic neuronal cell death. In turn, increased levels of uric acid are associated with a decrease in ROS production. Further, downregulation of xdh-1 is protective against PD pathologies because decreased levels of XDH-1 correlate to a concomitant reduction in xanthine oxidase (XO), the form of the protein whose by-product is superoxide anion. These data indicate that modifying specific targets of RNA editing may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey A Starr
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Convergent Biomedicine, Alabama Life Research Institute, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
| | - Luke E McKay
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Convergent Biomedicine, Alabama Life Research Institute, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
| | - Kylie N Peter
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Convergent Biomedicine, Alabama Life Research Institute, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
| | - Lena M Seyfarth
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Convergent Biomedicine, Alabama Life Research Institute, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
| | - Laura A Berkowitz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Convergent Biomedicine, Alabama Life Research Institute, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
| | - Kim A Caldwell
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Convergent Biomedicine, Alabama Life Research Institute, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Nathan Shock Center of Excellence for the Basic Biology of Aging, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Guy A Caldwell
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Convergent Biomedicine, Alabama Life Research Institute, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Nathan Shock Center of Excellence for the Basic Biology of Aging, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
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3
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Chithra Y, Dey G, Ghose V, Chandramohan V, Gowthami N, Vasudev V, Srinivas Bharath MM. Mitochondrial Complex I Inhibition in Dopaminergic Neurons Causes Altered Protein Profile and Protein Oxidation: Implications for Parkinson's disease. Neurochem Res 2023:10.1007/s11064-023-03907-x. [PMID: 36964824 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-03907-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are critical to neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease (PD). Mitochondrial dysfunction in PD entails inhibition of the mitochondrial complex I (CI) in the dopaminergic neurons of substantia nigra. The events contributing to CI inhibition and downstream pathways are not completely elucidated. We conducted proteomic analysis in a dopaminergic neuronal cell line exposed individually to neurotoxic CI inhibitors: rotenone (Rot), paraquat (Pq) and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+). Mass spectrometry (MS) revealed the involvement of biological processes including cell death pathways, structural changes and metabolic processes among others, most of which were common across all models. The proteomic changes induced by Pq were significantly higher than those induced by Rot and MPP+. Altered metabolic processes included downregulated mitochondrial proteins such as CI subunits. MS of CI isolated from the models revealed oxidative post-translational modifications with Tryptophan (Trp) oxidation as the predominant modification. Further, 62 peptides in 22 subunits of CI revealed Trp oxidation with 16 subunits common across toxins. NDUFV1 subunit had the greatest number of oxidized Trp and Rot model displayed the highest number of Trp oxidation events compared to the other models. Molecular dynamics simulation (MDS) of NDUFV1 revealed that oxidized Trp 433 altered the local conformation thereby changing the distance between the Fe-S clusters, Fe-S 301(N1a) to Fe-S 502 (N3) and Fe-S 802 (N4) to Fe-S 801 (N5), potentially affecting the efficiency of electron transfer. The events triggered by the neurotoxins represent CI damage, mitochondrial dysfunction and neurodegeneration in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogeshachar Chithra
- Department of Bioscience, P.G. Center, Hemagangotri, University of Mysore, Hassan, Karnataka, 573220, India
| | - Gourav Dey
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore, 560066, India
| | - Vivek Ghose
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Udupi, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Vivek Chandramohan
- Department of Biotechnology, Siddaganga Institute of Technology, Tumkur, Karnataka, 572103, India
| | - Niya Gowthami
- Department of Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neurotoxicology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), No. 2900, Hosur Road, Lakkasandra, Bangalore, 560029, India
| | - V Vasudev
- Department of Bioscience, P.G. Center, Hemagangotri, University of Mysore, Hassan, Karnataka, 573220, India
| | - M M Srinivas Bharath
- Department of Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neurotoxicology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), No. 2900, Hosur Road, Lakkasandra, Bangalore, 560029, India.
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4
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Ziemba AM, Woodson MCC, Funnell JL, Wich D, Balouch B, Rende D, Amato DN, Bao J, Oprea I, Cao D, Bajalo N, Ereifej ES, Capadona JR, Palermo EF, Gilbert RJ. Development of a Slow-Degrading Polymerized Curcumin Coating for Intracortical Microelectrodes. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:806-818. [PMID: 36749645 PMCID: PMC11366415 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Intracortical microelectrodes are used with brain-computer interfaces to restore lost limb function following nervous system injury. While promising, recording ability of intracortical microelectrodes diminishes over time due, in part, to neuroinflammation. As curcumin has demonstrated neuroprotection through anti-inflammatory activity, we fabricated a 300 nm-thick intracortical microelectrode coating consisting of a polyurethane copolymer of curcumin and polyethylene glycol (PEG), denoted as poly(curcumin-PEG1000 carbamate) (PCPC). The uniform PCPC coating reduced silicon wafer hardness by two orders of magnitude and readily absorbed water within minutes, demonstrating that the coating is soft and hydrophilic in nature. Using an in vitro release model, curcumin eluted from the PCPC coating into the supernatant over 1 week; the majority of the coating was intact after an 8-week incubation in buffer, demonstrating potential for longer term curcumin release and softness. Assessing the efficacy of PCPC within a rat intracortical microelectrode model in vivo, there were no significant differences in tissue inflammation, scarring, neuron viability, and myelin damage between the uncoated and PCPC-coated probes. As the first study to implant nonfunctional probes with a polymerized curcumin coating, we have demonstrated the biocompatibility of a PCPC coating and presented a starting point in the design of poly(pro-curcumin) polymers as coating materials for intracortical electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis M Ziemba
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy 12180-3590, New York, United States
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy 12180-3590, New York, United States
- Neuroscience Program, Department of Biological Sciences, Smith College, Northampton 01063, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Mary Clare Crochiere Woodson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy 12180-3590, New York, United States
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy 12180-3590, New York, United States
| | - Jessica L Funnell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy 12180-3590, New York, United States
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy 12180-3590, New York, United States
| | - Douglas Wich
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy 12180-3590, New York, United States
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy 12180-3590, New York, United States
| | - Bailey Balouch
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy 12180-3590, New York, United States
| | - Deniz Rende
- Center for Materials, Devices, and Integrated Systems, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy 12180-3590, New York, United States
| | - Dahlia N Amato
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy 12180-3590, New York, United States
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy 12180-3590, New York, United States
| | - Jonathan Bao
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy 12180-3590, New York, United States
| | - Ingrid Oprea
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy 12180-3590, New York, United States
| | - Dominica Cao
- Neuroscience Program, Department of Biological Sciences, Smith College, Northampton 01063, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Neda Bajalo
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy 12180-3590, New York, United States
| | - Evon S Ereifej
- Veteran Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor 48104, Michigan, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48104, Michigan, United States
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48104, Michigan, United States
- United States Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland 44106, Ohio, United States
| | - Jeffrey R Capadona
- United States Advanced Platform Technology Center, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland 44106, Ohio, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland 44106, Ohio, United States
| | - Edmund F Palermo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy 12180-3590, New York, United States
| | - Ryan J Gilbert
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy 12180-3590, New York, United States
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy 12180-3590, New York, United States
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5
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Abdel-Ghany HM, El-Sisy DM, Salem MES. A comparative study of effects of curcumin and its nanoparticles on the growth, immunity and heat stress resistance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Sci Rep 2023; 13:2523. [PMID: 36781934 PMCID: PMC9925755 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29343-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of dietary supplementation with free- or nano-curcumin on the growth performance, immune status and heat stress resistance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Seven isonitrogenous (28% protein) and isocaloric (445 kcal/100 g DM) diets were prepared. Six diets were supplemented with three levels of nano-curcumin (50 (CN50), 100 (CN100), 200 (CN200) mg kg-1 diet) or free-curcumin (50 (C50), 100 (C100), 200 (C200) mg kg-1 diet), and the control diet was left without an additive (CON). Fish (13.54 ± 0.32 g) (mean ± SD) fed the experimental diets for 65 days. Following the feeding trial, the fish were exposed to the acute heat stress by gradually raising the water temperature from 25 to 40 °C within 3 h. The fish were then exposed to 40 °C for 4 h. Results revealed the superiority of nano-curcumin over its free-form in enhancing the growth performance, with the highest results obtained at CN100, followed by CN200. Only heat stress, not the experimental diets, increased the platelets, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), leukocytes and neutrophils count, while lymphocytes decreased. The CN50 and CN100 groups showed lower activity of liver enzymes (alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST)) than the other treatments, while C200 gave the highest activity of these enzymes. The highest immunoglobulin (IgM) levels were detected in CN100, CN200, C100 and C200, followed by CN50. The C200 group showed higher levels of complement 3 and complement 4 (C3 and C4, respectively) than the other treatments. The C50 and CON groups gave the lowest values of IgM, C3 and C4. Cortisol levels were significantly lower in the CN50 and CN100 groups compared to the other groups. After the heat stress, ALT, AST, IgM, C3, C4, cortisol and glucose increased. Thus, nano-curcumin is more effective than its free-form in enhancing the resistance to heat stress, inducing innate immunity, lowering the stress indicators and promoting growth performance of Nile tilapia with the best concentration at 100 mg kg-1 diet.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Doaa M El-Sisy
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, NIOF, Cairo, Egypt
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6
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Chen R, Funnell JL, Quinones GB, Bentley M, Capadona JR, Gilbert RJ, Palermo EF. Poly(pro-curcumin) Materials Exhibit Dual Release Rates and Prolonged Antioxidant Activity as Thin Films and Self-Assembled Particles. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:294-307. [PMID: 36512693 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c01135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin is a natural polyphenol that exhibits remarkable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities; however, its clinical application is limited in part by its physiological instability. Here, we report the synthesis of curcumin-derived polyesters that release curcumin upon hydrolytic degradation to improve curcumin stability and solubility in physiological conditions. Curcumin was incorporated in the polymer backbone by a one-pot condensation polymerization in the presence of sebacoyl chloride and polyethylene glycol (PEG, Mn = 1 kDa). The thermal and mechanical properties, surface wettability, self-assembly behavior, and drug-release kinetics all depend sensitively on the mole percentage of curcumin incorporated in these statistical copolymers. Curcumin release was triggered by the hydrolysis of phenolic esters on the polymer backbone, which was confirmed using a PEGylated curcumin model compound, which represented a putative repeating unit within the polymer. The release rate of curcumin was controlled by the hydrophilicity of the polymers. Burst release (2 days) and extended release (>8 weeks) can be achieved from the same polymer depending on curcumin content in the copolymer. The materials can quench free radicals for at least 8 weeks and protect primary neurons from oxidative stress in vitro. Further, these copolymer materials could be processed into both thin films and self-assembled particles, depending on the solvent-based casting conditions. Finally, we envision that these materials may have potential for neural tissue engineering application, where antioxidant release can mitigate oxidative stress and the inflammatory response following neural injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiwen Chen
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Jessica L Funnell
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Geraldine B Quinones
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States.,Department of Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Marvin Bentley
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States.,Department of Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Jeffrey R Capadona
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States.,Advanced Platform Technology Center, L. Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Ryan J Gilbert
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States.,Albany Stratton Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Albany, New York 12208, United States
| | - Edmund F Palermo
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
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7
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Abbaspour-Aghdam S, Hazrati A, Abdolmohammadi-Vahid S, Tahmasebi S, Mohseni J, Valizadeh H, Nadiri M, Mikaeili H, Sadeghi A, Yousefi M, Roshangar L, Nikzad B, Jadidi-Niaragh F, Kafil HS, Malekpour K, Ahmadi M. Immunomodulatory role of Nanocurcumin in COVID-19 patients with dropped natural killer cells frequency and function. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 933:175267. [PMID: 36122756 PMCID: PMC9482094 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic is still a challenging problem in the case of infection treatment. The immunomodulatory effect of Nanocurcumin was investigated in the present study in an attempt to counterbalance the immune response and improve the patients' clinical symptoms. 60 confirmed COVID-19 patients and 60 healthy controls enrolled in the study. COVID-19 patients were divided into Nanocurcumin and placebo received groups. Due to the importance of the role of NK cells in this disease, the frequency, cytotoxicity, receptor gene expression of NK cells, and serum secretion levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, as well as circulating C5a as a chemotactic factor an inflammatory mediator was evaluated by flow cytometry, real-time PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in both experimental groups before and after the intervention. Given the role of measured factors in the progression and pathogenesis of COVID-19 disease, the results can help find appropriate treatments. The results of this study indicated that the Nanocurcumin could significantly increase the frequency and function of NK cells compared to the placebo-treated group. As an immunomodulatory agent, Nanocurcumin may be a helpful choice to improve NK cell function in COVID-19 patients and improve the clinical outcome of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ali Hazrati
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Safa Tahmasebi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jafar Mohseni
- Genetics Research Group, ACECR Infertility Center, Tabriz, East Azarbaijan, Iran
| | - Hamed Valizadeh
- Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Nadiri
- Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Haleh Mikaeili
- Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Armin Sadeghi
- Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leila Roshangar
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Nikzad
- Research Center of Bioscience and Biotechnology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Hossein Samadi Kafil
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Kosar Malekpour
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Ahmadi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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8
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Hafez Ghoran S, Calcaterra A, Abbasi M, Taktaz F, Nieselt K, Babaei E. Curcumin-Based Nanoformulations: A Promising Adjuvant towards Cancer Treatment. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27165236. [PMID: 36014474 PMCID: PMC9414608 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Throughout the United States, cancer remains the second leading cause of death. Traditional treatments induce significant medical toxic effects and unpleasant adverse reactions, making them inappropriate for long-term use. Consequently, anticancer-drug resistance and relapse are frequent in certain situations. Thus, there is an urgent necessity to find effective antitumor medications that are specific and have few adverse consequences. Curcumin is a polyphenol derivative found in the turmeric plant (Curcuma longa L.), and provides chemopreventive, antitumor, chemo-, and radio-sensitizing properties. In this paper, we summarize the new nano-based formulations of polyphenolic curcumin because of the growing interest in its application against cancers and tumors. According to recent studies, the use of nanoparticles can overcome the hydrophobic nature of curcumin, as well as improving its stability and cellular bioavailability in vitro and in vivo. Several strategies for nanocurcumin production have been developed, each with its own set of advantages and unique features. Because the majority of the curcumin-based nanoformulation evidence is still in the conceptual stage, there are still numerous issues impeding the provision of nanocurcumin as a possible therapeutic option. To support the science, further work is necessary to develop curcumin as a viable anti-cancer adjuvant. In this review, we cover the various curcumin nanoformulations and nanocurcumin implications for therapeutic uses for cancer, as well as the current state of clinical studies and patents. We further address the knowledge gaps and future research orientations required to develop curcumin as a feasible treatment candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salar Hafez Ghoran
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 16666-63111, Iran
- Medicinal Plant Breeding and Development Research Institute, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj 66177-15175, Iran
- Correspondence: (S.H.G.); or (E.B.); Tel.: +98-9144425047 (S.H.G.); Tel.: +98-4133392686 (E.B.)
| | - Andrea Calcaterra
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, Sapienza–University of Rome, P. le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Milad Abbasi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71336-54361, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Taktaz
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Hakim Sabzevari, Sabzevar 96179-76487, Iran
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Kay Nieselt
- Interfaculty Institute for Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics (IBMI), University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Esmaeil Babaei
- Interfaculty Institute for Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics (IBMI), University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 51666-16471, Iran
- Correspondence: (S.H.G.); or (E.B.); Tel.: +98-9144425047 (S.H.G.); Tel.: +98-4133392686 (E.B.)
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9
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Shabbir A, Rehman K, Akbar M, Hamid Akash MS. Neuroprotective potential of curcuminoids in modulating Alzheimer's Disease via multiple signaling pathways. Curr Med Chem 2022; 29:5560-5581. [PMID: 35674299 DOI: 10.2174/0929867329666220607161328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive and frequent neurodegenerative disease of elderly people. In the 21st century, owing to the increasing prevalence of AD, there is a crucial need for finding better and effective pharmacotherapeutic approaches. This review article demonstrated the various sources and possible metabolic pathways of curcuminoids obtained from Curcuma longa herb, to prevent and treat AD but the information related to the metabolic fate of curcuminoids is deficient. Different in vitro and in vivo research studies demonstrating the mechanisms by which curcuminoids attenuated AD have been summarized. Administration of curcuminoids has been indicated to inhibit hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, deposition, and oligomerization of amyloid beta plaques in several AD models. Curcuminoids also chelate metals and form complexes, have antioxidant properties, mediates neuroinflammatory signaling pathways by modifying microglial cells activity, inhibit acetylcholinesterase activities and also modulates other associated signaling pathways including insulin signaling pathways and heme-oxygenase pathway. Briefly curcuminoids exhibit the capability to be more productive and efficacious compared to many recent treatments due to their antioxidant, delayed neuron degeneration and anti-inflammatory potential. Although their effectiveness as a curative agent is considered to be reduced due to their low bioavailability, If the issue of curcuminoids' low bioavailability is resolved then curcuminoid-based medications are hopefully on the horizon against AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anam Shabbir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Kanwal Rehman
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Moazzama Akbar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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10
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Salehi S, Nourbakhsh MS, Yousefpour M, Rajabzadeh G, Sahab-Negah S. Chitosan-coated niosome as an efficient curcumin carrier to cross the blood-brain barrier: an animal study. J Liposome Res 2021; 32:284-292. [PMID: 34957899 DOI: 10.1080/08982104.2021.2019763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to improve the curcumin bio-stability and brain permeability by loading in bare niosome (BN) and chitosan-coated niosome (ChN). Span 60, tween 60, and cholesterol were optimized as niosome shell components to attain the highest encapsulation efficiency (EE), besides the lowest particle size, using the mixture design method. The resulting optimized BN had a mean diameter of 80 ± 0.2 nm and surface charge of -31 ± 0.1 mv, which changed to 85 ± 0.15 nm and 35 ± 0.12 mv, respectively, after applying the chitosan layer. The EE% in bare niosome were about 80 ± 0.2, which changed to 82 ± 0.21 in ChN. The optimized formulation displayed sustained release, following the Hixson-Crowell model.Wistar rats were subjected to intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) of BN and ChN to evaluate the blood-brain barrier permeability of the curcumin. In this regard, ChN significantly increased curcumin concentration in different parts of the liver, plasma, and central nervous system (cerebral cortex, cerebellum, and stratum), compared with BN. Altogether, our results showed that ChN could be used as a promising delivery system for the treatment of some neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Salehi
- Faculty of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
| | | | - Mardali Yousefpour
- Faculty of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran
| | - Ghadir Rajabzadeh
- Department of Food Nanotechnology, Research Institute of Food Science and Technology, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sajad Sahab-Negah
- Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam Alanbia Hospital, Teharn, Iran
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11
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Mohseni M, Sahebkar A, Askari G, Johnston TP, Alikiaii B, Bagherniya M. The clinical use of curcumin on neurological disorders: An updated systematic review of clinical trials. Phytother Res 2021; 35:6862-6882. [PMID: 34528307 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Neuroprotective effects of curcumin have been shown in previous studies. This updated systematic review of clinical trials aimed to investigate the effect of curcumin on neurological disorders. Databases including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were systematically searched to identify clinical trials investigating the effects of curcumin/turmeric supplements alone, or in combination with other ingredients, on neurological diseases. Nineteen studies comprising 1,130 patients met the inclusion criteria. Generally, intervention and study outcomes were heterogeneous. In most of the studies, curcumin had a favorable effect on oxidative stress and inflammation. However, with the exception of AD, curcumin supplementation either alone, or in combination with other ingredients, had beneficial effects on clinical outcomes for the other aforementioned neurodegenerative diseases. For example, the frequency, severity, and duration of migraine attacks, scores on the revised ALS functional rating scale, and the occurrence of motor complications in PD were all significantly improved with curcumin supplementation either alone or in combination with other ingredients. However, in three studies, several adverse side effects (mostly gastrointestinal in nature) were reported. Curcumin supplementation may have favorable effects on inflammatory status and clinical outcomes of patients with neurological disease, although the results were not consistent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Mohseni
- Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Askari
- Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Anesthesia and Critical Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Thomas P Johnston
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Babak Alikiaii
- Anesthesia and Critical Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Bagherniya
- Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Anesthesia and Critical Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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12
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Analyzing Olfactory Neuron Precursors Non-Invasively Isolated through NADH FLIM as a Potential Tool to Study Oxidative Stress in Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126311. [PMID: 34204595 PMCID: PMC8231156 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Among all the proposed pathogenic mechanisms to understand the etiology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), increased oxidative stress seems to be a robust and early disease feature where many of those hypotheses converge. However, despite the significant lines of evidence accumulated, an effective diagnosis and treatment of AD are not yet available. This limitation might be partially explained by the use of cellular and animal models that recapitulate partial aspects of the disease and do not account for the particular biology of patients. As such, cultures of patient-derived cells of peripheral origin may provide a convenient solution for this problem. Peripheral cells of neuronal lineage such as olfactory neuronal precursors (ONPs) can be easily cultured through non-invasive isolation, reproducing AD-related oxidative stress. Interestingly, the autofluorescence of key metabolic cofactors such as reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) can be highly correlated with the oxidative state and antioxidant capacity of cells in a non-destructive and label-free manner. In particular, imaging NADH through fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) has greatly improved the sensitivity in detecting oxidative shifts with minimal intervention to cell physiology. Here, we discuss the translational potential of analyzing patient-derived ONPs non-invasively isolated through NADH FLIM to reveal AD-related oxidative stress. We believe this approach may potentially accelerate the discovery of effective antioxidant therapies and contribute to early diagnosis and personalized monitoring of this devastating disease.
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13
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Ranganayaki S, Jamshidi N, Aiyaz M, Rashmi SK, Gayathri N, Harsha PK, Padmanabhan B, Srinivas Bharath MM. Inhibition of mitochondrial complex II in neuronal cells triggers unique pathways culminating in autophagy with implications for neurodegeneration. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1483. [PMID: 33452321 PMCID: PMC7810707 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79339-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction and neurodegeneration underlie movement disorders such as Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease and Manganism among others. As a corollary, inhibition of mitochondrial complex I (CI) and complex II (CII) by toxins 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) and 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NPA) respectively, induced degenerative changes noted in such neurodegenerative diseases. We aimed to unravel the down-stream pathways associated with CII inhibition and compared with CI inhibition and the Manganese (Mn) neurotoxicity. Genome-wide transcriptomics of N27 neuronal cells exposed to 3-NPA, compared with MPP+ and Mn revealed varied transcriptomic profile. Along with mitochondrial and synaptic pathways, Autophagy was the predominant pathway differentially regulated in the 3-NPA model with implications for neuronal survival. This pathway was unique to 3-NPA, as substantiated by in silico modelling of the three toxins. Morphological and biochemical validation of autophagy markers in the cell model of 3-NPA revealed incomplete autophagy mediated by mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 2 (mTORC2) pathway. Interestingly, Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF), which was elevated in the 3-NPA model could confer neuroprotection against 3-NPA. We propose that, different downstream events are activated upon neurotoxin-dependent CII inhibition compared to other neurotoxins, with implications for movement disorders and regulation of autophagy could potentially offer neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathyanarayanan Ranganayaki
- Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), No. 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560029, India
| | - Neema Jamshidi
- Department of Radiological Sciences, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Mohamad Aiyaz
- Genotypic Technology Pvt. Ltd., 2/13, Balaji Complex, 80 feet Road, RMV 2nd Stage, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560094, India
| | - Santhosh-Kumar Rashmi
- Department of Neuropathology, NIMHANS, No. 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560029, India
| | - Narayanappa Gayathri
- Department of Neuropathology, NIMHANS, No. 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560029, India
| | - Pulleri Kandi Harsha
- Department of Neurovirology, NIMHANS, No. 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560029, India
| | | | - Muchukunte Mukunda Srinivas Bharath
- Department of Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neurotoxicology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), No. 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560029, India.
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14
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Curcumin and Its Derivatives as Theranostic Agents in Alzheimer's Disease: The Implication of Nanotechnology. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010196. [PMID: 33375513 PMCID: PMC7795367 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Curcumin is a polyphenolic natural compound with diverse and attractive biological properties, which may prevent or ameliorate pathological processes underlying age-related cognitive decline, Alzheimer's disease (AD), dementia, or mode disorders. AD is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder that is known as one of the rapidly growing diseases, especially in the elderly population. Moreover, being the eminent cause of dementia, posing problems for families, societies as well a severe burden on the economy. There are no effective drugs to cure AD. Although curcumin and its derivatives have shown properties that can be considered useful in inhibiting the hallmarks of AD, however, they have low bioavailability. Furthermore, to combat diagnostic and therapeutic limitations, various nanoformulations have also been recognized as theranostic agents that can also enhance the pharmacokinetic properties of curcumin and other bioactive compounds. Nanocarriers have shown beneficial properties to deliver curcumin and other nutritional compounds against the blood-brain barrier to efficiently distribute them in the brain. This review spotlights the role and effectiveness of curcumin and its derivatives in AD. Besides, the gut metabolism of curcumin and the effects of nanoparticles and their possible activity as diagnostic and therapeutic agents in AD also discussed.
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15
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Ranganayaki S, Govindaraj P, Gayathri N, Srinivas Bharath MM. Exposure to the neurotoxin 3-nitropropionic acid in neuronal cells induces unique histone acetylation pattern: Implications for neurodegeneration. Neurochem Int 2020; 140:104846. [PMID: 32927024 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is critical for neurodegeneration in movement disorders. Neurotoxicological models recapitulating movement disorder involve mitochondrial damage including inhibition of mitochondrial complexes. Previously, we demonstrated that neurotoxic models of Parkinson's disease and Manganism showed distinct morphological, electrophysiological and molecular profile indicating disease-specific characteristics. In a recent study, we demonstrated that the transcriptomic changes triggered by the neurotoxic mitochondrial complex II inhibitor 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NPA), was significantly different from the profile induced by the neurotoxic mitochondrial complex I inhibitor 1-methyl-4- phenylpyridinium (MPP+) and mitochondrial toxin Manganese (Mn). Among the plausible pathways, we surmised that epigenetic mechanisms could contribute to 3-NPA specific transcriptomic profile. To address this, we assessed global and individual lys-specific acetylation profile of Histone H3 and H4 in the 3-NPA neuronal cell model. Our data revealed histone acetylation profile unique to the 3-NPA model that was not noted in the MPP+ and Mn models. Among the individual lys, Histone H3K56 showed robust dose and time-dependent hyperacetylation in the 3-NPA model. Chromatin Immunoprecipitation-sequencing (ChIP-seq) revealed that acetylated H3K56 was associated with 13072 chromatin sites, which showed increased occupancy in the transcription start site-promoter site. Acetylated histone H3K56 was associated with 1747 up-regulated and 263 down-regulated genes in the 3-NPA model, which included many up-regulated autophagy and mitophagy genes. Western analysis validated the involvement of PINK1-Parkin dependent mitophagy in the 3-NPA model. We propose that 3-NPA specific chromatin dynamics could contribute to the unique transcriptomic profile with implications for movement disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ranganayaki
- Department of Neurochemistry, NIMHANS, No. 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560029, Karnataka, India
| | - Periyasamy Govindaraj
- Department of Neuropathology, NIMHANS, No. 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560029, Karnataka, India
| | - N Gayathri
- Department of Neuropathology, NIMHANS, No. 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560029, Karnataka, India
| | - M M Srinivas Bharath
- Department of Clinical Psychopharmacology and Neurotoxicology, NIMHANS, No. 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560029, Karnataka, India.
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16
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Hassanzadeh K, Buccarello L, Dragotto J, Mohammadi A, Corbo M, Feligioni M. Obstacles against the Marketing of Curcumin as a Drug. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6619. [PMID: 32927725 PMCID: PMC7554750 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the extensive public and scientific interest in the use of phytochemicals to prevent or treat human diseases in recent years, natural compounds have been highly investigated to elucidate their therapeutic effect on chronic human diseases including cancer, cardiovascular disease, and neurodegenerative disease. Curcumin, an active principle of the perennial herb Curcuma longa, has attracted an increasing research interest over the last half-century due to its diversity of molecular targets, including transcription factors, enzymes, protein kinases, growth factors, inflammatory cytokines, receptors, and it's interesting pharmacological activities. Despite that, the clinical effectiveness of the native curcumin is weak, owing to its low bioavailability and rapid metabolism. Preclinical data obtained from animal models and phase I clinical studies done in human volunteers confirmed a small amount of intestinal absorption, hepatic first pass effect, and some degree of intestinal metabolism, might explain its poor systemic availability when it is given via the oral route. During the last decade, researchers have attempted with new pharmaceutical methods such as nanoparticles, liposomes, micelles, solid dispersions, emulsions, and microspheres to improve the bioavailability of curcumin. As a result, a significant number of bioavailable curcumin-based formulations were introduced with a varying range of enhanced bioavailability. This manuscript critically reviews the available scientific evidence on the basic and clinical effects and molecular targets of curcumin. We also discuss its pharmacokinetic and problems for marketing curcumin as a drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kambiz Hassanzadeh
- European Brain Research Institute (EBRI) Rita Levi Montalcini Foundation, Viale Regina Elena 295, 00161 Rome, Italy; (K.H.); (L.B.); (J.D.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj 66177-15175, Iran;
| | - Lucia Buccarello
- European Brain Research Institute (EBRI) Rita Levi Montalcini Foundation, Viale Regina Elena 295, 00161 Rome, Italy; (K.H.); (L.B.); (J.D.)
| | - Jessica Dragotto
- European Brain Research Institute (EBRI) Rita Levi Montalcini Foundation, Viale Regina Elena 295, 00161 Rome, Italy; (K.H.); (L.B.); (J.D.)
| | - Asadollah Mohammadi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj 66177-15175, Iran;
| | - Massimo Corbo
- Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences, Casa Cura Policlinico, 20144 Milano, Italy;
| | - Marco Feligioni
- European Brain Research Institute (EBRI) Rita Levi Montalcini Foundation, Viale Regina Elena 295, 00161 Rome, Italy; (K.H.); (L.B.); (J.D.)
- Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences, Casa Cura Policlinico, 20144 Milano, Italy;
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Namgyal D, Ali S, Mehta R, Sarwat M. The neuroprotective effect of curcumin against Cd-induced neurotoxicity and hippocampal neurogenesis promotion through CREB-BDNF signaling pathway. Toxicology 2020; 442:152542. [PMID: 32735850 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2020.152542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal neurotoxicity is one of the major challenges in today's era due to the large scale and widespread mechanisation of the production. However, the causative factors responsible for neurotoxicity are neither known nor do we have the availability of therapeutic approaches to deal with it. One of the major causative agents of neurotoxicity is a non-essential transition heavy metal, Cadmium (Cd), that reaches the central nervous system (CNS) through the nasal mucosa and olfactory pathway causing adverse structural and functional effects. In this study, we explored the neuroprotective efficacy of plant derived Curcumin which is reported to have pleiotropic biological activity including anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-carcinogenic and anti-angiogenic effects. Four different concentrations of curcumin (20, 40, 80 and 160 mg/kg of the body weight) were used to assess the behavioural, biochemical, hippocampal proteins (BDNF, CREB, DCX and Synapsin II) and histological changes in Swiss Albino mice that were pre-treated with Cd (2.5 mg/kg). The findings showed that Cd exposure led to the behavioural impairment through oxidative stress, reduction of hippocampal neurogenesis associated proteins, and degeneration of CA3 and cortical neurons. However, treatment of different curcumin concentrations had effectively restored the behavioural changes in Cd-exposed mice through regulation of oxidative stress and up-regulation of hippocampal proteins in a dose-dependent manner. Significantly, a dose of 160 mg/kg body weight was found to be glaringly effective. From this study, we infer that curcumin reverses the adverse effects of neurotoxicity induced by Cd and promotes neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhondup Namgyal
- Amity Institute of Neuropsychology and Neuroscience, Amity University, Noida, UP, 201303, India; Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida, UP, 201303, India
| | - Sher Ali
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Rachna Mehta
- Amity Institute of Neuropsychology and Neuroscience, Amity University, Noida, UP, 201303, India
| | - Maryam Sarwat
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida, UP, 201303, India.
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Karthikeyan A, Senthil N, Min T. Nanocurcumin: A Promising Candidate for Therapeutic Applications. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:487. [PMID: 32425772 PMCID: PMC7206872 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcuma longa is an important medicinal plant and a spice in Asia. Curcumin (diferuloylmethane) is a hydrophobic bioactive ingredient found in a rhizome of the C. longa. It has drawn immense attention in recent years for its variety of biological and pharmacological action. However, its low water solubility, poor bioavailability, and rapid metabolism represent major drawbacks for its successful therapeutic applications. Hence, researchers have attempted to enhance the biological and pharmacological activity of curcumin and overcome its drawbacks by efficient delivery systems, particularly nanoencapsulation. Research efforts so far and data from the available literature have shown a satisfactory potential of nanorange formulations of curcumin (Nanocurcumin), it increases all the biological and pharmacological benefits of curcumin, which was not significantly possible earlier. For the synthesis of nanocurcumin, an array of techniques has been developed and each technique has its own advantages and individual characteristics. The two most popular and effective techniques are ionic gelation and antisolvent precipitation. So far, many curcumin nanoformulations have been developed to enhance curcumin delivery, thereby overcoming the low therapeutic effects. However, most of the nanoformulation of curcumin remained at the concept level evidence, thus, several questions and challenges still exist to recommend the nanocurcumin as a promising candidate for therapeutic applications. In this review, we discuss the different curcumin nanoformulation and nanocurcumin implications for different therapeutic applications as well as the status of ongoing clinical trials and patents. We also discuss the research gap and future research directions needed to propose curcumin as a promising therapeutic candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adhimoolam Karthikeyan
- Subtropical Horticulture Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea
| | - Natesan Senthil
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, Center for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Taesun Min
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life Science, Sustainable Agriculture Research Institute (SARI) and Jeju International Animal Research Center (JIA), Jeju National University, Jeju, South Korea
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Buratta S, Chiaradia E, Tognoloni A, Gambelunghe A, Meschini C, Palmieri L, Muzi G, Urbanelli L, Emiliani C, Tancini B. Effect of Curcumin on Protein Damage Induced by Rotenone in Dopaminergic PC12 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2761. [PMID: 32316110 PMCID: PMC7215629 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is considered to be a key factor of the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease, a multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder characterized by reduced dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta and accumulated protein aggregates. Rotenone is a worldwide-used pesticide that induces the most common features of Parkinson's by direct inhibition of the mitochondrial complex I. Rotenone-induced Parkinson's models, as well as brain tissues from Parkinson's patients, are characterized by the presence of both lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation markers resulting from the increased level of free radical species. Oxidation introduces several modifications in protein structure, including carbonylation and nitrotyrosine formation, which severely compromise cell function. Due to the link existing between oxidative stress and Parkinson's disease, antioxidant molecules could represent possible therapeutic tools for this disease. In this study, we evaluated the effect of curcumin, a natural compound known for its antioxidant properties, in dopaminergic PC12 cells treated with rotenone, a cell model of Parkinsonism. Our results demonstrate that the treatment of PC12 cells with rotenone causes severe protein damage, with formation of both carbonylated and nitrotyrosine-derived proteins, whereas curcumin (10 µM) co-exposure exerts protective effects by reducing the levels of oxidized proteins. Curcumin also promotes proteasome activation, abolishing the inhibitory effect exerted by rotenone on this degradative system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Buratta
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (S.B.); (C.M.); (L.P.); (L.U.); (C.E.)
| | - Elisabetta Chiaradia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (E.C.); (A.T.)
| | - Alessia Tognoloni
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (E.C.); (A.T.)
| | - Angela Gambelunghe
- Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (A.G.); (G.M.)
| | - Consuelo Meschini
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (S.B.); (C.M.); (L.P.); (L.U.); (C.E.)
| | - Luigi Palmieri
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (S.B.); (C.M.); (L.P.); (L.U.); (C.E.)
| | - Giacomo Muzi
- Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (A.G.); (G.M.)
| | - Lorena Urbanelli
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (S.B.); (C.M.); (L.P.); (L.U.); (C.E.)
| | - Carla Emiliani
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (S.B.); (C.M.); (L.P.); (L.U.); (C.E.)
| | - Brunella Tancini
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (S.B.); (C.M.); (L.P.); (L.U.); (C.E.)
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20
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Iron chelation by curcumin suppresses both curcumin-induced autophagy and cell death together with iron overload neoplastic transformation. Cell Death Discov 2019; 5:150. [PMID: 31839992 PMCID: PMC6901436 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-019-0234-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron overload, notably caused by hereditary hemochromatosis, is an excess storage of iron in various organs that causes tissue damage and may promote tumorigenesis. To manage that disorder, free iron depletion can be induced by iron chelators like deferoxamine that are of increasing interest also in the cancer field since iron stock could be a potent target for managing tumorigenesis. Curcumin, a well-known active substance extracted from the turmeric rhizome, destabilizes endoplasmic reticulum, and secondarily lysosomes, thereby increasing mitophagy/autophagy and subsequent apoptosis. Recent findings show that cells treated with curcumin also exhibit a decrease in ferritin, which is consistent with its chemical structure and iron chelating activity. Here we investigated how curcumin influences the intracellular effects of iron overload via Fe-nitriloacetic acid or ferric ammonium citrate loading in Huh-7 cells and explored the consequences in terms of antioxidant activity, autophagy, and apoptotic signal transduction. In experiments with T51B and RL-34 epithelial cells, we have found evidence that curcumin-iron complexation abolishes both curcumin-induced autophagy and apoptosis, together with the tumorigenic action of iron overload.
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Lakkappa N, Krishnamurthy PT, M D P, Hammock BD, Hwang SH. Soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor, APAU, protects dopaminergic neurons against rotenone induced neurotoxicity: Implications for Parkinson's disease. Neurotoxicology 2019; 70:135-145. [PMID: 30472438 PMCID: PMC6873230 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2018.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), metabolites of arachidonic acid, play a crucial role in cytoprotection by attenuating oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis. EETs are rapidly metabolised in vivo by the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). Increasing the half life of EETs by inhibiting the sEH enzyme is a novel strategy for neuroprotection. In the present study, sEH inhibitors APAU was screened in silico and further evaluated for their antiparkinson activity against rotenone (ROT) induced neurodegeneration in N27 dopaminergic cell line and Drosophila melanogaster model of Parkinson disease (PD). In the in vitro study cell viability (MTT and LDH release assay), oxidative stress parameters (total intracellular ROS, hydroperoxides, protein oxidation, lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidise, glutathione reductase, glutathione, total antioxidant status, mitochondrial complex-1activity and mitochondrial membrane potential), inflammatory markers (IL-6, COX-1 and COX-2), and apoptotic markers (JNK, phospho-JNK, c-jun, phospho-c-jun, pro and active caspase-3) were assessed to study the neuroprotective effects. In vivo activity of APAU was assessed in Drosophila melanogaster by measuring survival rate, negative geotaxis, oxidative stress parameters (total intracellular ROS, hydroperoxides, glutathione levels) were measured. Dopamine and its metabolites were estimated by LC-MS/MS analysis. In the in silico study the molecule, APAU showed good binding interaction at the active site of sEH (PDB: 1VJ5). In the in vitro study, APAU significantly attenuated ROT induced changes in oxidative, pro-inflammatory and apoptotic parameters. In the in vivo study, APAU significantly attenuates ROT induced changes in survival rate, negative geotaxis, oxidative stress, dopamine and its metabolites levels (p < 0.05). Our study, therefore, concludes that the molecule APAU, has significant neuroprotection benefits against rotenone induced Parkinsonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navya Lakkappa
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ooty, India
| | | | - Pandareesh M D
- Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health & Neuro Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Research Center, University of California, Davis, United States
| | - Sung Hee Hwang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, and Comprehensive Cancer Research Center, University of California, Davis, United States
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Zhang J, Bai KW, He J, Niu Y, Lu Y, Zhang L, Wang T. Curcumin attenuates hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction through the maintenance of thiol pool, inhibition of mtDNA damage, and stimulation of the mitochondrial thioredoxin system in heat-stressed broilers. J Anim Sci 2018; 96:867-879. [PMID: 29566233 DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary curcumin supplementation on the performance, mitochondrial redox system, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) integrity, and antioxidant-related gene expression in the liver of broiler chickens after heat stress treatment. At day 21, a total of 400 Arbor Acres broiler chickens with similar body weight (BW) were divided into 5 groups with 8 replicates per group and then reared either at a normal temperature (22 ± 1 °C) or at a high ambient temperature (34 ± 1 °C for 8 h and 22 ± 1 °C for the remaining time) for 20 d. Broilers in the 5 groups were fed a basal diet at a normal temperature (NT group) and a basal diet with 0, 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg curcumin at a high ambient temperature (HT, CUR50, CUR100, and CUR200 groups), respectively. The serum and liver samples were analyzed for the parameters related to hepatic damage, mitochondrial function, and redox status. The results showed that the G:F was increased in the CUR50 and CUR100 groups, and the final BW was increased in CUR100 group in comparison with the HT group (P < 0.05). When compared with those in the HT group, both serum aspartate and alanine aminotransferase activities were decreased in the curcumin-supplemented groups (P < 0.05). Curcumin decreased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production but increased the mitochondrial membrane potential in the hepatocytes of the broilers after heat stress (P < 0.05). The broilers in curcumin-supplemented groups had lower malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl concentrations as well as greater thiol concentrations (P < 0.05). The mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) activity in the liver was increased (P < 0.05) in the CUR100 group compared with the HT group. Compared with the heat-stressed broilers, the broilers that were fed curcumin had greater (P < 0.05) mtDNA copy number and ATP concentrations than those in the HT group. Curcumin supplementation attenuated the depression of the thioredoxin 2 and peroxiredoxin-3 gene expressions (P < 0.05). The MnSOD gene expression was increased in the CUR100 and CUR200 groups, and the thioredoxin reductase 2 gene expression was increased in the CUR50 group in comparison with the HT group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, curcumin mitigated the mitochondrial dysfunction in heat-stressed broilers, as evidenced by the suppression of the ROS burst, the maintenance of the thiol pool and mtDNA content, and the enhanced mitochondrial antioxidant gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfei Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kai Wen Bai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jintian He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Niu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan Lu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tian Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Cerebrospinal Fluid from Patients with Sporadic Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Induces Degeneration of Motor Neurons Derived from Human Embryonic Stem Cells. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:1014-1034. [PMID: 29858777 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1149-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Disease modeling has become challenging in the context of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), as obtaining viable spinal motor neurons from postmortem patient tissue is an unlikely possibility. Limitations in the animal models due to their phylogenetic distance from human species hamper the success of translating possible findings into therapeutic options. Accordingly, there is a need for developing humanized models as a lead towards identifying successful therapeutic possibilities. In this study, human embryonic stem cells-BJNHem20-were differentiated into motor neurons expressing HB9, Islet1, and choline acetyl transferase using retinoic acid and purmorphamine. These motor neurons discharged spontaneous action potentials with two different frequencies (< 5 and > 5 Hz), and majority of them were principal neurons firing with < 5 Hz. Exposure to cerebrospinal fluid from ALS patients for 48 h induced several degenerative changes in the motor neurons as follows: cytoplasmic changes such as beading of neurites and vacuolation; morphological alterations, viz., dilation and vacuolation of mitochondria, curled and closed Golgi architecture, dilated endoplasmic reticulum, and chromatin condensation in the nucleus; lowered activity of different mitochondrial complex enzymes; reduced expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor; up-regulated neurofilament phosphorylation and hyperexcitability represented by increased number of spikes. All these changes along with the enhanced expression of pro-apoptotic proteins-Bax and caspase 9-culminated in the death of motor neurons.
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Srinivas Bharath MM. Post-Translational Oxidative Modifications of Mitochondrial Complex I (NADH: Ubiquinone Oxidoreductase): Implications for Pathogenesis and Therapeutics in Human Diseases. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 60:S69-S86. [PMID: 28582861 DOI: 10.3233/jad-170117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial complex I (NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase; CI) is central to the electron transport chain (ETC), oxidative phosphorylation, and ATP production in eukaryotes. CI is a multi-subunit complex with a complicated yet organized structure that optimally connects electron transfer with proton translocation and forms higher-order supercomplexes with other ETC complexes. Efforts to understand the molecular genetics, expression profile of subunits, and structure-function relationship of CI have increased over the years due to the direct role of the complex in human diseases. Although mutations in the nuclear and mitochondrial genes of CI and altered expression of subunits could potentially lower CI activity leading to mitochondrial dysfunction in many diseases, oxidative post-translational modifications (PTMs) have emerged as an important mechanism contributing to altered CI activity. These mainly include reversible and irreversible cysteine modifications, tyrosine nitration, carbonylation, and tryptophan oxidation that are generated following exposure to reactive oxygen species/reactive nitrogen species. Interestingly, oxidative PTMs could contribute either to CI damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, and ensuing cell death or a response mechanism with potential cytoprotective effects. This has also emerged as a promising field for structural biologists since analysis of PTMs could assist in understanding the structure-function relationship of the complex and correlate electron transfer mechanism with energy production. However, analysis of PTMs of CI and their contribution to CI function are incomplete in many physiological and pathological conditions. This review aims to highlight the role of oxidative PTMs in modulating CI activity with implications toward pathobiology of CNS diseases and novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Srinivas Bharath
- Department of Neurochemistry and Neurotoxicology Laboratory at the Neurobiology Research Center, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
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25
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Botchway BO, Moore MK, Akinleye FO, Iyer IC, Fang M. Nutrition: Review on the Possible Treatment for Alzheimer’s Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 61:867-883. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-170874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benson O.A. Botchway
- Institute of Neuroscience, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Masania K. Moore
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Faith O. Akinleye
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ishwari C. Iyer
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Marong Fang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Darbinyan LV, Hambardzumyan LE, Simonyan KV, Chavushyan VA, Manukyan LP, Badalyan SA, Khalaji N, Sarkisian VH. Protective effects of curcumin against rotenone-induced rat model of Parkinson's disease: in vivo electrophysiological and behavioral study. Metab Brain Dis 2017; 32:1791-1803. [PMID: 28695411 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-017-0060-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin is a naturally occurring phenolic yellow chemical isolated from the rhizomes of the plant Curcuma longa (turmeric), and is a major component of the spice turmeric. Curcumin has protective effects against rotenone-induced neural damage in Parkinson's disease (PD). The present study aims at providing new evidence for the validity of the rotenone rat model of PD by examining whether neuronal activity in the hippocampus is altered. Male albino rats were treated with rotenone injections (2.5 mg/ml intraperitoneally) for 21 days. We examined the effects of curcumin (200 mg/kg) on behavior and electrophysiology in a rat model of PD induced by rotenone. Motor activity was assessed by cylinder test. The electrical activity of neurons was measured in hippocampus. Rotenone causes significant reduction of neuronal activity. The results show that curcumin can improve the motor impairments and electrophysiological parameters and may be beneficial in the treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- L V Darbinyan
- Sensorimotor Integration Lab, Orbeli Institute of Physiology NAS RA, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - L E Hambardzumyan
- Sensorimotor Integration Lab, Orbeli Institute of Physiology NAS RA, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - K V Simonyan
- Neuroendocrine Relationships Lab, Orbeli Institute of Physiology NAS RA, Yerevan, Armenia.
| | - V A Chavushyan
- Neuroendocrine Relationships Lab, Orbeli Institute of Physiology NAS RA, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - L P Manukyan
- Sensorimotor Integration Lab, Orbeli Institute of Physiology NAS RA, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - S A Badalyan
- Sensorimotor Integration Lab, Orbeli Institute of Physiology NAS RA, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - N Khalaji
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Uremia University of Medical Sciences, Uremia, Iran
| | - V H Sarkisian
- Sensorimotor Integration Lab, Orbeli Institute of Physiology NAS RA, Yerevan, Armenia
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Liu XL, Wang YD, Yu XM, Li DW, Li GR. Mitochondria-mediated damage to dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease (Review). Int J Mol Med 2017; 41:615-623. [PMID: 29207041 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are important organelles in virtually all eukaryotic cells, and are involved in a wide range of physiological and pathophysiological processes. Besides the generation of cellular energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate, mitochondria are also involved in calcium homeostasis, reactive oxygen species production and the activation of the intrinsic cell death pathway, thus determining cell survival and death. Mitochondrial abnormalities have been implicated in a wide range of disorders, including neurodegenerative disease such as Parkinson's disease (PD), and considered as a primary cause and central event responsible for the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in PD. Thus, reversion or attenuation of mitochondrial dysfunction should alleviate the severity or progression of the disease. The present review systematically summarizes the possible mechanisms associated with mitochondria‑mediated dopaminergic neuron damage in PD, in an attempt to elucidate the requirement for further studies for the development of effective PD treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Liang Liu
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 132021, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Di Wang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, The Tumor Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Xiu-Ming Yu
- Department of Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Da-Wei Li
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin, Jilin 132000, P.R. China
| | - Guang-Ren Li
- Department of Neurology, The Third Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
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Mythri RB, Raghunath NR, Narwade SC, Pandareesh MDR, Sabitha KR, Aiyaz M, Chand B, Sule M, Ghosh K, Kumar S, Shankarappa B, Soundararajan S, Alladi PA, Purushottam M, Gayathri N, Deobagkar DD, Laxmi TR, Srinivas Bharath MM. Manganese- and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium-induced neurotoxicity display differences in morphological, electrophysiological and genome-wide alterations: implications for idiopathic Parkinson's disease. J Neurochem 2017; 143:334-358. [DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajeswara Babu Mythri
- Department of Neurochemistry; National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS); Bangalore Karnataka India
- Neurotoxicology Laboratory-Neurobiology Research Center; National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS); Bangalore Karnataka India
| | - Narayana Reddy Raghunath
- Department of Neurochemistry; National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS); Bangalore Karnataka India
- Neurotoxicology Laboratory-Neurobiology Research Center; National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS); Bangalore Karnataka India
| | | | - Mirazkar Dasharatha Rao Pandareesh
- Department of Neurochemistry; National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS); Bangalore Karnataka India
- Neurotoxicology Laboratory-Neurobiology Research Center; National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS); Bangalore Karnataka India
| | - Kollarkandi Rajesh Sabitha
- Department of Neurophysiology; National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS); Bangalore Karnataka India
| | - Mohamad Aiyaz
- Genotypic Technology Pvt. Ltd; Bangalore Karnataka India
| | - Bipin Chand
- Genotypic Technology Pvt. Ltd; Bangalore Karnataka India
| | - Manas Sule
- InterpretOmics; Shezan Lavelle; Bangalore Karnataka India
| | - Krittika Ghosh
- InterpretOmics; Shezan Lavelle; Bangalore Karnataka India
| | - Senthil Kumar
- InterpretOmics; Shezan Lavelle; Bangalore Karnataka India
| | - Bhagyalakshmi Shankarappa
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory - Neurobiology Research Center; National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS); Bangalore Karnataka India
| | - Soundarya Soundararajan
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory - Neurobiology Research Center; National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS); Bangalore Karnataka India
| | - Phalguni Anand Alladi
- Department of Neurophysiology; National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS); Bangalore Karnataka India
| | - Meera Purushottam
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory - Neurobiology Research Center; National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS); Bangalore Karnataka India
| | - Narayanappa Gayathri
- Department of Neuropathology; National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS); Bangalore Karnataka India
| | | | - Thenkanidiyoor Rao Laxmi
- Department of Neurophysiology; National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS); Bangalore Karnataka India
| | - Muchukunte Mukunda Srinivas Bharath
- Department of Neurochemistry; National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS); Bangalore Karnataka India
- Neurotoxicology Laboratory-Neurobiology Research Center; National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS); Bangalore Karnataka India
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Ahmed SY, El-Sayed SA. Dietary Supplementation by some Phytogenic Substances in Albino Rats: Their Effects on Growth Performance and Serum Interlukin-6. INT J PHARMACOL 2017. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2017.274.279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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30
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Ng QX, Koh SSH, Chan HW, Ho CYX. Clinical Use of Curcumin in Depression: A Meta-Analysis. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2017; 18:503-508. [PMID: 28236605 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2016.12.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is growing interest in the use of curcumin, a plant polyphenol with potent anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and neuroprotective properties, as a novel antidepressant. Clinical trials have yielded conflicting conclusions pertaining to its effectiveness in depression. A meta-analysis of the topic, which has not been done until now, is therefore necessary to summarize current evidence and generate hypotheses for further research. METHODS Using the keywords [curcumin OR diferuloylmethane OR curcuminoid OR turmeric OR Indian saffron] AND [depression OR MDD OR suicide], a preliminary search on the PubMed, Ovid, Clinical Trials Register of the Cochrane Collaboration Depression, Anxiety and Neurosis Group (CCDANTR), and Cochrane Field for Complementary Medicine database yielded 2081 articles published in English between January 1, 1960, and August 1, 2016. RESULTS Six clinical trials with a total of 377 patients were reviewed, comparing the use of curcumin to placebo. In patients with depression, the pooled standardized mean difference from baseline Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression scores (pooled standardized mean difference -0.344, 95% confidence interval -0.558 to -0.129; P = .002) support the significant clinical efficacy of curcumin in ameliorating depressive symptoms. Significant anti-anxiety effects were also reported in 3 of the trials. Notably, no adverse events were reported in any of the trials. Most trials had a generally low risk of bias, except for an open trial of curcumin and a single-blinded study. LIMITATIONS Because of the small number of studies available, a funnel plot or sensitivity analysis was not possible. Evidence on the long-term efficacy and safety of curcumin is also limited as the duration of all available studies ranged from 4 to 8 weeks. CONCLUSIONS Curcumin appears to be safe, well-tolerated, and efficacious among depressed patients. More robust randomized controlled trials with larger sample sizes and follow-up studies carried out over a longer duration should be planned to ascertain its benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Xiang Ng
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Shawn Shao Hong Koh
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hwei Wuen Chan
- National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Collin Yih Xian Ho
- National University Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore
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31
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Microencapsulation stabilizes curcumin for efficient delivery in food applications. Food Packag Shelf Life 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fpsl.2016.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Jiménez-Osorio AS, Monroy A, Alavez S. Curcumin and insulin resistance-Molecular targets and clinical evidences. Biofactors 2016; 42:561-580. [PMID: 27325504 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin ((1E,6E)-1,7-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione), the main component of the Indian spice turmeric, has been used in traditional medicine to improve diabetes and its comorbidities. Since the last two decades, scientific research has shown that in addition to its antioxidant properties, curcumin could also work as protein homeostasis regulator and it is able to modulate other intracellular pathways. Curcumin supplementation has been proposed to improve insulin resistance (IR) through the activation of the insulin receptor and its downstream pathways in several experimental models, pointing out that its clinical use may be a good and innocuous strategy to improve IR-related diseases. IR is associated with many diseases and syndromes like carbohydrate intolerance, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, it is imperative to identify safe therapeutic interventions aimed to reduce side effects that could lead the patient to leave the treatment. To date, many clinical trials have been carried out using turmeric and curcumin to improve metabolic syndrome, carbohydrate intolerance, diabetes, and obesity in individuals with IR. Results so far are inconclusive because dose, time of treatment, and type of curcumin can change the study outcome significantly. However, there is some clinical evidence suggesting a beneficial effect of curcumin on IR. In this review, we discuss the factors that could influence curcumin effects in clinical trials aimed to improve IR and related diseases, and the conclusions that can be drawn from results obtained so far. © 2016 BioFactors, 42(6):561-580, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adriana Monroy
- Oncología y Dirección de Investigación, Hospital General de México "Dr. Eduardo Liceaga,", México D.F, México
| | - Silvestre Alavez
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Lerma, Estado de México, México
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Pandareesh MD, Shrivash MK, Naveen Kumar HN, Misra K, Srinivas Bharath MM. Curcumin Monoglucoside Shows Improved Bioavailability and Mitigates Rotenone Induced Neurotoxicity in Cell and Drosophila Models of Parkinson's Disease. Neurochem Res 2016; 41:3113-3128. [PMID: 27535828 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-016-2034-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2016] [Revised: 08/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin (CUR), a dietary polyphenol has diverse pharmacologic effects, but is limited by poor bioavailability. This is probably due to decreased solubility, cellular uptake and stability. In order to enhance its solubility and bioavailability, we synthesized the CUR bioconjugate curcumin monoglucoside (CMG) and tested its bioavailability, neuroprotective and anti-apoptotic propensity against rotenone (ROT) induced toxicity in N27 dopaminergic neuronal cells and Drosophila models. Our results elucidate that CMG showed improved bioavailability than CUR in N27 cells. Pre-treatment with CMG protected against ROT neurotoxicity and exerted antioxidant effects by replenishing cellular glutathione levels and significantly decreasing reactive species. CMG pre-treatment also restored mitochondrial complex I and IV activities inhibited by ROT. ROT-induced nuclear damage was also restored by CMG as confirmed by comet assay. CMG induced anti-apoptotic effects was substantiated by decreased phosporylation of JNK3 and c-jun, which in turn decreased the cleavage of pro-caspase 3. Q-PCR analysis of redox genes showed up-regulation of NOS2 and down-regulation of NQO1 upon ROT exposure and this was attenuated by CMG pre-treatment. Studies in the Drosophila ROT model revealed that, CMG administration showed better survival rate and locomotor activity, improved antioxidant activity and dopamine content than ROT treated group and was comparable with the CUR group. Based on these data, we surmise that CMG has improved bioavailability and offered neuroprotection comparable with CUR, against ROT-induced toxicity both in dopaminergic neuronal cell line and Drosophila models, with therapeutic implications for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Pandareesh
- Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, No. 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560029, Karnataka, India.,Neurotoxicology Laboratory at the Neurobiology Research Center, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, No. 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560029, Karnataka, India
| | - M K Shrivash
- Department of Chemistry, Centre of Bio-Medical Research (CBMR), Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - H N Naveen Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Jnana Sahyadri, Kuvempu University, Shankargatta, 577451, Karnataka, India
| | - K Misra
- Department of Chemistry, Centre of Bio-Medical Research (CBMR), Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - M M Srinivas Bharath
- Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, No. 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560029, Karnataka, India. .,Neurotoxicology Laboratory at the Neurobiology Research Center, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, No. 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore, 560029, Karnataka, India.
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Shinomol GK, Ranganayaki S, Joshi AK, Gayathri N, Gowda H, Muralidhara, Srinivas Bharath MM. Characterization of age-dependent changes in the striatum: Response to the mitochondrial toxin 3-nitropropionic acid. Mech Ageing Dev 2016; 161:66-82. [PMID: 27143313 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2016.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative phenomena are associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and this could be exacerbated by aging. Age-dependence of mitochondrial response to toxins could help understand these mechanisms and evolve novel therapeutics. 3-Nitropropionic acid (3-NPA) is a mitochondrial toxin that induces neurotoxicity in the striatum via inhibition of complex II. We investigated the age-related events that contribute to 3-NPA toxicity. 3-NPA induced neuronal death, oxidative stress and altered mitochondrial structure in neuronal cells. 3-NPA injection in vivo caused motor impairment, mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative damage with different trend in young and adult mice. To understand the age-dependent mechanisms, we carried out proteomic analysis of the striatal protein extract from young mice (control: YC vs. 3-NPA treated: YT) and adult mice (control: AC vs. 3-NPA treated: AT). Among the 3752 identified proteins, 33 differentially expressed proteins (mitochondrial, synaptic and microsomal proteins) were unique either to YT or AT. Interestingly, comparison of the proteomic profile in AC and YC indicated that 161 proteins (linked with cytoskeletal structure, neuronal development, axogenesis, protein transport, cell adhesion and synaptic function) were down-regulated in AC compared to YC. We surmise that aging contributes to the cellular and molecular architecture in the mouse striatum with implications for neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- G K Shinomol
- Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore 560029, Karnataka, India; Neurotoxicology laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore 560029, Karnataka, India
| | - S Ranganayaki
- Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore 560029, Karnataka, India; Neurotoxicology laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore 560029, Karnataka, India
| | - Apurva K Joshi
- Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore 560029, Karnataka, India; Neurotoxicology laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore 560029, Karnataka, India
| | - N Gayathri
- Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore 560029, Karnataka, India
| | - Harsha Gowda
- Institute of Bioinformatics (IOB), Discoverer, Industrial Technology Park Limited (ITPL), Whitefield, Bangalore 560066, Karnataka, India
| | - Muralidhara
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore 570020, Karnataka, India
| | - M M Srinivas Bharath
- Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore 560029, Karnataka, India; Neurotoxicology laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, 2900, Hosur Road, Bangalore 560029, Karnataka, India.
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Curcumin Rescues a PINK1 Knock Down SH-SY5Y Cellular Model of Parkinson's Disease from Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Cell Death. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:2752-2762. [PMID: 27003823 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-9843-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterised by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Mutations in the PINK1 gene result in an autosomal recessive form of early-onset PD. PINK1 plays a vital role in mitochondrial quality control via the removal of dysfunctional mitochondria. The aim of the present study was to create a cellular model of PD using siRNA-mediated knock down of PINK1 in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells The possible protective effects of curcumin, known for its many beneficial properties including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, was tested on this model in the presence and absence of paraquat, an additional stressor. PINK1 siRNA and control cells were separated into four treatment groups: (i) untreated, (ii) treated with paraquat, (iii) pre-treated with curcumin then treated with paraquat, or (iv) treated with curcumin. Various parameters of cellular and mitochondrial function were then measured. The PINK1 siRNA cells exhibited significantly decreased cell viability, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), mitochondrial respiration and ATP production, and increased apoptosis. Paraquat-treated cells exhibited decreased cell viability, increased apoptosis, a more fragmented mitochondrial network and decreased MMP. Curcumin pre-treatment followed by paraquat exposure rescued cell viability and increased MMP and mitochondrial respiration in control cells, and significantly decreased apoptosis and increased MMP and maximal respiration in PINK1 siRNA cells. These results highlight a protective effect of curcumin against mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in PINK1-deficient and paraquat-exposed cells. More studies are warranted to further elucidate the potential neuroprotective properties of curcumin.
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Sengupta T, Vinayagam J, Singh R, Jaisankar P, Mohanakumar KP. Plant-Derived Natural Products for Parkinson's Disease Therapy. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2016; 12:415-96. [PMID: 27651267 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-28383-8_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Plant-derived natural products have made their own niche in the treatment of neurological diseases since time immemorial. Parkinson's disease (PD), the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder, has no cure and the treatment available currently is symptomatic. This chapter thoughtfully and objectively assesses the scientific basis that supports the increasing use of these plant-derived natural products for the treatment of this chronic and progressive disorder. Proper considerations are made on the chemical nature, sources, preclinical tests and their validity, and mechanisms of behavioural or biochemical recovery observed following treatment with various plants derived natural products relevant to PD therapy. The scientific basis underlying the neuroprotective effect of 6 Ayurvedic herbs/formulations, 12 Chinese medicinal herbs/formulations, 33 other plants, and 5 plant-derived molecules have been judiciously examined emphasizing behavioral, cellular, or biochemical aspects of neuroprotection observed in the cellular or animal models of the disease. The molecular mechanisms triggered by these natural products to promote cell survivability and to reduce the risk of cellular degeneration have also been brought to light in this study. The study helped to reveal certain limitations in the scenario: lack of preclinical studies in all cases barring two; heavy dependence on in vitro test systems; singular animal or cellular model to establish any therapeutic potential of drugs. This strongly warrants further studies so as to reproduce and confirm these reported effects. However, the current literature offers scientific credence to traditionally used plant-derived natural products for the treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Sengupta
- Division of Cell Biology & Physiology, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR, Govt of India), 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700 032, India
| | - J Vinayagam
- Division of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR, Govt of India), 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700 032, India
| | - R Singh
- Division of Cell Biology & Physiology, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR, Govt of India), 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700 032, India
| | - P Jaisankar
- Division of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR, Govt of India), 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700 032, India
| | - K P Mohanakumar
- Division of Cell Biology & Physiology, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR, Govt of India), 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700 032, India. .,Inter University Centre for Biomedical Research & Super Specialty Hospital, Mahatma Gandhi University Campus at Thalappady, Rubber Board PO, Kottayam, 686009, Kerala, India.
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Soto-Urquieta MG, López-Briones S, Pérez-Vázquez V, Saavedra-Molina A, González-Hernández GA, Ramírez-Emiliano J. Curcumin restores mitochondrial functions and decreases lipid peroxidation in liver and kidneys of diabetic db/db mice. Biol Res 2014; 47:74. [PMID: 25723052 PMCID: PMC4289591 DOI: 10.1186/0717-6287-47-74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nitrosative and oxidative stress play a key role in obesity and diabetes-related mitochondrial dysfunction. The objective was to investigate the effect of curcumin treatment on state 3 and 4 oxygen consumption, nitric oxide (NO) synthesis, ATPase activity and lipid oxidation in mitochondria isolated from liver and kidneys of diabetic db/db mice. Results Hyperglycaemia increased oxygen consumption and decreased NO synthesis in liver mitochondria isolated from diabetic mice relative to the control mice. In kidney mitochondria, hyperglycaemia increased state 3 oxygen consumption and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) levels in diabetic mice relative to control mice. Interestingly, treating db/db mice with curcumin improved or restored these parameters to normal levels; also curcumin increased liver mitochondrial ATPase activity in db/db mice relative to untreated db/db mice. Conclusions These findings suggest that hyperglycaemia modifies oxygen consumption rate, NO synthesis and increases TBARS levels in mitochondria from the liver and kidneys of diabetic mice, whereas curcumin may have a protective role against these alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- María G Soto-Urquieta
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Guanajuato, C.P. León, 37320, Obregón, GTO, México.
| | - Sergio López-Briones
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Guanajuato, C.P. León, 37320, Obregón, GTO, México.
| | - Victoriano Pérez-Vázquez
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Guanajuato, C.P. León, 37320, Obregón, GTO, México.
| | - Alfredo Saavedra-Molina
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, MICH, México. .,University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA.
| | | | - Joel Ramírez-Emiliano
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Guanajuato, C.P. León, 37320, Obregón, GTO, México.
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Pakfetrat M, Akmali M, Malekmakan L, Dabaghimanesh M, Khorsand M. Role of turmeric in oxidative modulation in end-stage renal disease patients. Hemodial Int 2014; 19:124-31. [DOI: 10.1111/hdi.12204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Pakfetrat
- Department of Internal Medicine; Shiraz Nephro-Urology Research Center; Shiraz University of Medical Sciences; Shiraz Iran
| | - Masoumeh Akmali
- Department of Biochemistry; Shiraz University of Medical Sciences; Shiraz Iran
| | - Leila Malekmakan
- Department of Community Medicine; Shiraz Nephro-Urology Research Center; Shiraz University of Medical Sciences; Shiraz Iran
| | - Mojtaba Dabaghimanesh
- Department of Internal Medicine; Shiraz Nephro-Urology Research Center; Shiraz University of Medical Sciences; Shiraz Iran
| | - Marjan Khorsand
- Department of Biochemistry; Shiraz University of Medical Sciences-Paramedical School; Shiraz Iran
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Chiu S, Terpstra KJ, Bureau Y, Hou J, Raheb H, Cernvosky Z, Badmeav V, Copen J, Husni M, Woodbury-Farina M. Liposomal-formulated curcumin [Lipocurc™] targeting HDAC (histone deacetylase) prevents apoptosis and improves motor deficits in Park 7 (DJ-1)-knockout rat model of Parkinson's disease: implications for epigenetics-based nanotechnology-driven drug platform. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 10:/j/jcim.2013.10.issue-1/jcim-2013-0020/jcim-2013-0020.xml. [PMID: 24200537 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2013-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Converging evidence suggests dysregulation of epigenetics in terms of histone-mediated acetylation/deacetylation imbalance in Parkinson's disease (PD). Targeting histone deacetylase (HDAC) in neuronal survival and neuroprotection may be beneficial in the treatment and prevention of neurodegenerative disorders. Few pharmacological studies use the transgenic model of PD to characterize the neuroprotection actions of a lead compound known to target HDAC in the brain. METHODS In our study, we investigated neuroprotective effects of liposomal-formulated curcumin: Lipocurc™ targeting HDAC inhibitor in the DJ-1(Park 7)-gene knockout rat model of PD. Group I (DJ-1-KO-Lipocurc™) received Lipocurc™ 20 mg/kg iv 3× weekly for 8 weeks; Group II: DJ-1 KO controls (DJ-1 KO-PBS) received i.v. phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Group III: DJ-1-Wild Type (DJ-1 WT-PBS) received PBS. We monitored various components of motor behavior, rotarod, dyskinesia, and open-field behaviors, both at baseline and at regular intervals. Toward the end of the 8 weeks, we measured neuronal apoptosis and dopamine (DA) neuron-specific tyrosine hydroxylase levels by immunohistochemistry methods at post-mortem. RESULTS We found that DJ-KO Group I and Group II, as compared with DJ-1 WT group, exhibited moderate degree of motor impairment on the rotarod test. Lipocurc™ treatment improved the motor behavior motor impairment to a greater extent than the PBS treatment. There was marked apoptosis in the DJ-1 WT group. Lipocurc™ significantly blocked neuronal apoptosis: the apoptotic index of DJ-1-KO-Lipocurc™ group was markedly reduced compared with the DJ-KO-PBS group (3.3 vs 25.0, p<0.001). We found preliminary evidence Lipocurc™ stimulated DA neurons in the substantia nigra. The ratio of immature to mature DA neurons in substantia nigra was statistically higher in the DJ-1-KO-Lipocurc™ group (p<0.025). CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated for the first time Lipocurc™'s anti-apoptotic and neurotrophic effects in theDJ-1-KO rat model of PD. Our promising findings warrant randomized controlled trial of Lipocurc™ in translating the novel nanotechnology-based epigenetics-driven drug discovery platform toward efficacious therapeutics in PD.
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Rastogi M, Ojha RP, Sagar C, Agrawal A, Dubey GP. Protective effect of curcuminoids on age-related mitochondrial impairment in female Wistar rat brain. Biogerontology 2013; 15:21-31. [PMID: 24048922 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-013-9466-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The present study demonstrated the neuroprotective effect of curcuminoids, the active polyphenols of Curcuma longa (L.) rhizomes on mitochondrial dysfunctioning in middle aged and aged female Wistar rat brain. Rats were orally treated with curcuminoids (100 mg/kg) for 3 months and their brain was collected for evaluation of mitochondrial enzymes and complexes activity, ultra structural changes in mitochondria, neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) protein expression, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and lipofuscin content. Significant alterations were observed in all the tested parameters in highly aged rat brain when compared with young control. Long term curcuminoids administration prevented this age associated loss of mitochondrial enzymes and complexes activity in middle aged rat brain except for malate dehydrogenase, Complex II and IV activity when compared with young control. Among aged rats, curcuminoids treatment specifically elevated isocitrate and NADH dehydrogenase, cytochrome c oxidase, Complex I and total ATP content. A significant down-regulation of nNOS protein expression along with reduced lipofuscin content was also observed in curucminoids treated middle aged and aged rats. Thus, it was suggested that curcuminoids may act as a putative drug candidate for the prevention of deleterious effects of ageing and age associated neurodegenerative disorders through amelioration of aberrant mitochondrial functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Rastogi
- Centre for Advanced Research in Indian System of Medicine (CARISM), SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India,
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Harish G, Venkateshappa C, Mahadevan A, Pruthi N, Bharath MMS, Shankar SK. Mitochondrial function in human brains is affected by pre- and post mortem factors. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2013; 39:298-315. [PMID: 22639898 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2990.2012.01285.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM Mitochondrial function and the ensuing ATP synthesis are central to the functioning of the brain and contribute to neuronal physiology. Most studies on neurodegenerative diseases have highlighted that mitochondrial dysfunction is an important event contributing to pathology. However, studies on the human brain mitochondria in various neurodegenerative disorders heavily rely on post mortem samples. As post mortem tissues are influenced by pre- and post mortem factors, we investigated the effect of these variables on mitochondrial function. METHODS We examined whether the mitochondrial function (represented by mitochondrial enzymes and antioxidant activities) in post mortem human brains (n=45) was affected by increased storage time (11.8-104.1 months), age of the donor (2 days to 80 years), post mortem interval (2.5-26 h), gender difference and agonal state [based on Glasgow Coma Scale: range=3-15] in the frontal cortex, as a prototype. RESULTS We observed that the activities of citrate synthase, succinate dehydrogenase and mitochondrial reductase (MTT) were significantly affected only by gender difference (citrate synthase: P=0.005; succinate dehydrogenase: P=0.01; mitochondrial reductase: P=0.006), being higher in females, but not by any other factor. Mitochondrial complex I activity was significantly inhibited by increasing age (r=-0.40; P=0.05). On the other hand, the mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme glutathione reductase decreased with severe agonal state (P=0.003), while the activity of glutathione-S-transferase declined with increased storage time (P=0.005) and severe agonal state (P=0.02). CONCLUSION Our data highlight the influence of pre- and post mortem factors on preservation of mitochondrial function with implications for studies on brain pathology employing stored human samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Harish
- Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
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Tiwari V, Chopra K. Protective effect of curcumin against chronic alcohol-induced cognitive deficits and neuroinflammation in the adult rat brain. Neuroscience 2013; 244:147-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2012] [Revised: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 03/25/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Lee WH, Loo CY, Bebawy M, Luk F, Mason RS, Rohanizadeh R. Curcumin and its derivatives: their application in neuropharmacology and neuroscience in the 21st century. Curr Neuropharmacol 2013; 11:338-78. [PMID: 24381528 PMCID: PMC3744901 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x11311040002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 296] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Revised: 03/17/2013] [Accepted: 03/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin (diferuloylmethane), a polyphenol extracted from the plant Curcuma longa, is widely used in Southeast Asia, China and India in food preparation and for medicinal purposes. Since the second half of the last century, this traditional medicine has attracted the attention of scientists from multiple disciplines to elucidate its pharmacological properties. Of significant interest is curcumin's role to treat neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD), and Parkinson's disease (PD) and malignancy. These diseases all share an inflammatory basis, involving increased cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and oxidative damage to lipids, nucleic acids and proteins. The therapeutic benefits of curcumin for these neurodegenerative diseases appear multifactorial via regulation of transcription factors, cytokines and enzymes associated with (Nuclear factor kappa beta) NFκB activity. This review describes the historical use of curcumin in medicine, its chemistry, stability and biological activities, including curcumin's anti-cancer, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. The review further discusses the pharmacology of curcumin and provides new perspectives on its therapeutic potential and limitations. Especially, the review focuses in detail on the effectiveness of curcumin and its mechanism of actions in treating neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases and brain malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wing-Hin Lee
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Ching-Yee Loo
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Mary Bebawy
- School of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney PO Box 123 Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Frederick Luk
- School of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney PO Box 123 Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Rebecca S Mason
- Physiology and Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Ramin Rohanizadeh
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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Martínez-Morúa A, Soto-Urquieta MG, Franco-Robles E, Zúñiga-Trujillo I, Campos-Cervantes A, Pérez-Vázquez V, Ramírez-Emiliano J. Curcumin decreases oxidative stress in mitochondria isolated from liver and kidneys of high-fat diet-induced obese mice. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2013; 15:905-915. [PMID: 23782307 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2013.802687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a key role in obesity and diabetes-related mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondrial dysfunction is characterized by increased oxidative damage, nitric oxide (NO) synthesis, and a reduced ratio of adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP) production/oxygen consumption. Curcumin represents a potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. In this study, our objective was to determine the effect of curcumin treatment on oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice (OM). These results suggest that curcumin treatment increased oxygen consumption and significantly decreased lipid and protein oxidation levels in liver mitochondria isolated from HFD-induced OM compared with those in the untreated OM (UOM). In kidney mitochondria, curcumin treatment significantly increased oxygen consumption and decreased lipid and protein peroxidation levels in HFD-induced OM when compared with those in UOM. Curcumin treatment neither has any effect on body weight gain nor have any effects on mitochondrial NO synthesis. These findings suggest that obesity induces oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, whereas curcumin may have a protective role against obesity-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Martínez-Morúa
- a Departamento de Medicina y Nutrición , Universidad de Guanajuato , Campus León , León, Gto. , Mexico
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Waseem M, Parvez S. Mitochondrial dysfunction mediated cisplatin induced toxicity: Modulatory role of curcumin. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 53:334-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.11.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Revised: 11/29/2012] [Accepted: 11/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Waseem M, Kaushik P, Parvez S. Mitochondria-mediated mitigatory role of curcumin in cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Cell Biochem Funct 2013; 31:678-84. [PMID: 23408677 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.2955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2012] [Revised: 11/30/2012] [Accepted: 01/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin (CP) is one of the most potent chemotherapeutic anti-tumour drugs, and it has been implicated in renal toxicity. Oxidative stress has been proven to be involved in CP-induced toxicity including nephrotoxicity. However, there is paucity of literature involving role of mitochondria in mediating CP-induced renal toxicity, and its underlying mechanism remains unclear. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to examine the antioxidant potential of curcumin (CMN; a natural polyphenolic compound) against the mitochondrial toxicity of CP in kidneys of male rats. Acute toxicity was induced by a single intra-peritoneal injection of CP (6 mg kg(-1) ). We studied the ameliorative effect of CMN pre-treatment (200 mg kg(-1) ) on the toxicity of CP in rat kidney mitochondria. CP caused a significant elevation in the mitochondrial lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels and protein carbonyl (PC) content. Pre-treatment of rat with CMN significantly replenished the mitochondrial LPO levels and PC content. It also restored the CP-induced modulatory effects on altered enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants in kidney mitochondria. We hypothesize that the reno-protective effects of CMN may be related to its predisposition to scavenge free radicals, and upregulate antioxidant machinery in kidney mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Waseem
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
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Tiwari V, Chopra K. Attenuation of oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and apoptosis by curcumin prevents cognitive deficits in rats postnatally exposed to ethanol. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2012; 224:519-35. [PMID: 22790976 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-012-2779-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2012] [Accepted: 06/13/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Clinical and experimental evidence have demonstrated that alcohol consumption during pregnancy can disrupt brain development, leading to a variety of behavioral alterations including hyperactivity, motor dysfunction, and cognitive deficits in offsprings. Alcohol-induced neurocognitive deficits are associated with activation of oxidative-inflammatory cascade coupled with extensive apoptotic neurodegeneration in different brain regions. OBJECTIVES The present study was designed with an aim to investigate the protective effect of curcumin, a principal curcuminoid present in the Indian spice turmeric, against alcohol-induced cognitive deficits, neuroinflammation, and neuronal apoptosis in rat pups postnatally exposed to ethanol. METHODS AND RESULTS Male Wistar rat pups were administered ethanol (5 g/kg, 12 % v/v) by intragastric intubation on postnatal days (PD) 7, 8, and 9 and were treated with curcumin (30 and 60 mg/kg) from PD 6 to 28. Performance of ethanol-exposed pups that did not receive curcumin was significantly impaired as evaluated in both Morris water maze and elevated plus maze tasks recorded by using computer tracking. Cognitive deficit was associated with enhanced acetylcholinesterase activity, increased neuroinflammation (oxidative-nitrosative stress, TNF-α, IL-1β, and TGF-β1), and neuronal apoptosis (NF-κβ and caspase 3) in both cerebral cortex and hippocampus of ethanol-exposed pups. Chronic treatment with curcumin significantly ameliorated all the behavioral, biochemical, and molecular alterations in different brain regions of ethanol-exposed pups. CONCLUSIONS The current study demonstrates the possible involvement of oxidative-inflammatory cascade-mediated apoptotic signaling in cognitive deficits associated with postnatal ethanol exposure and points towards the neuroprotective potential of curcumin in mitigating alcohol-induced behavioral, biochemical, and molecular deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Tiwari
- Pharmacology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Center of Advanced Study, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
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Harish G, Venkateshappa C, Mahadevan A, Pruthi N, Srinivas Bharath M, Shankar S. Effect of Premortem and Postmortem Factors on the Distribution and Preservation of Antioxidant Activities in the Cytosol and Synaptosomes of Human Brains. Biopreserv Biobank 2012; 10:253-65. [DOI: 10.1089/bio.2012.0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- G. Harish
- Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - C. Venkateshappa
- Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Anita Mahadevan
- Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - Nupur Pruthi
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - M.M. Srinivas Bharath
- Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
| | - S.K. Shankar
- Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India
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Shinomol GK, Bharath MMS, Muralidhara. Pretreatment with Bacopa monnieri extract offsets 3-nitropropionic acid induced mitochondrial oxidative stress and dysfunctions in the striatum of prepubertal mouse brain. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2012; 90:595-606. [PMID: 22472017 DOI: 10.1139/y2012-030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The present investigation was designed to determine the efficacy of Bacopa monnieri (Brahmi; BM) to offset 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NPA) induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in dopaminergic (N27) cells and prepubertal mouse brain. Pretreatment of N27 cells with BM ethanolic extract (BME) significantly attenuated 3-NPA-induced cytotoxicity. Further, we determined the degree of oxidative stress induction, redox status, enzymic antioxidants, and protein oxidation in the striatal mitochondria of mice given BME prophylaxis followed by 3-NPA challenge. While 3-NPA-induced marked oxidative stress in the mitochondria of the striatum, BME prophylaxis markedly prevented 3-NPA-induced oxidative dysfunctions and depletion of reduced glutathione and thiol levels. The activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, thioredoxin reductase), Na(+),K(+)-ATPase, and citric acid cycle enzymes in the striatum discernible among 3-NPA mice were significantly restored with BME prophylaxis. Interestingly, BME offered protection against 3-NPA-induced mitochondrial dysfunctions as evidenced by the restoration of the activities of ETC enzymes (NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, NADH:cytochrome c reductase, succinate-ubiquinone oxidoreductase, and cytochrome c oxidase) and mitochondrial viability. We hypothesize that the neuroprotective effects of BME may be wholly or in part related to its propensity to scavenge free radicals, maintain redox status, and upregulate antioxidant machinery in striatal mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- George K Shinomol
- Department of Neurochemistry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India
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Elevated Oxidative Stress and Decreased Antioxidant Function in the Human Hippocampus and Frontal Cortex with Increasing Age: Implications for Neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s Disease. Neurochem Res 2012; 37:1601-14. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-012-0755-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2012] [Revised: 03/06/2012] [Accepted: 03/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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