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Sandhya G, Monisha S, Singh S, Stezin A, Diwakar L, Issac TG. Hyperhomocysteinemia and its effect on ageing and language functions - HEAL study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:20101. [PMID: 39209902 PMCID: PMC11362510 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-69818-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Hyperhomocysteinemia or high levels (> 15 µmol/L) of homocysteine (Hcy)in the blood has been suggested to affect the brain through vascular and neurodegenerative pathways and potentially impact cognition. The current study aims to explore the association of high homocysteine with cognition and brain volume changes in a cohort of middle and old agedr adults. The study recruited 1296 participants aged ≥ 45 years from Tata Longitudinal Study of Ageing (TLSA), an ongoing cohort study. The participants underwent detailed cognitive assessments using Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination-III (ACE-III) and Computerized Assessment of Adult Information Processing (COGNITO) neuropsychological battery and MR imaging using a 3T scanner. The participants were classified based on the median homocysteine level (16.89 µmol/L) into low Hcy (≤ median) and high Hcy (> median) groups. When adjusted for age, gender, years of education, vitamin B12, folate and dyslipidaemia, Generalised Linear Model (GLM) found a significant association of high Hcy with vocabulary task [β (95% CI) - 1.354 (- 2.655, - 0.052); p = 0.041]. Significant associations was also obtained between cerebral white matter volume and high Hcy [β (95% CI) - 5617.182 (- 11062.762, - 173.602); p = 0.043]. The results suggest that people with high Hcy levels performed poorer in cognitive tasks related to language domain and had lesser cerebral white matter volume. This indicates that homocysteine might have a profound impact on brain structure as well as function.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Sandhya
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - S Monisha
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Sadhana Singh
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Albert Stezin
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Latha Diwakar
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
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Li JJ, Sun WD, Zhu XJ, Mei YZ, Li WS, Li JH. Nicotinamide N-Methyltransferase (NNMT): A New Hope for Treating Aging and Age-Related Conditions. Metabolites 2024; 14:343. [PMID: 38921477 PMCID: PMC11205546 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14060343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The complex process of aging leads to a gradual deterioration in the function of cells, tissues, and the entire organism, thereby increasing the risk of disease and death. Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) has attracted attention as a potential target for combating aging and its related pathologies. Studies have shown that NNMT activity increases over time, which is closely associated with the onset and progression of age-related diseases. NNMT uses S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as a methyl donor to facilitate the methylation of nicotinamide (NAM), converting NAM into S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine (SAH) and methylnicotinamide (MNA). This enzymatic action depletes NAM, a precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), and generates SAH, a precursor of homocysteine (Hcy). The reduction in the NAD+ levels and the increase in the Hcy levels are considered important factors in the aging process and age-related diseases. The efficacy of RNA interference (RNAi) therapies and small-molecule inhibitors targeting NNMT demonstrates the potential of NNMT as a therapeutic target. Despite these advances, the exact mechanisms by which NNMT influences aging and age-related diseases remain unclear, and there is a lack of clinical trials involving NNMT inhibitors and RNAi drugs. Therefore, more in-depth research is needed to elucidate the precise functions of NNMT in aging and promote the development of targeted pharmaceutical interventions. This paper aims to explore the specific role of NNMT in aging, and to evaluate its potential as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jiang-Hua Li
- Physical Education College, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China; (J.-J.L.); (W.-D.S.); (X.-J.Z.); (Y.-Z.M.); (W.-S.L.)
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Eslamifar Z, Behzadifard M, Zare E. Investigation of homocysteine, D-dimer and platelet count levels as potential predictors of thrombosis risk in COVID-19 patients. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-04967-5. [PMID: 38502382 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-04967-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Thrombosis plays an important role in induction of Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) complications including heart attack and stroke. Reliable biomarkers are needed to predict thrombosis risk for better management and improve patient outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between homocysteine, a thrombosis-related biomarker, and other thrombosis-related parameters, such as D-dimer and platelet count with disease outcome in COVID-19 patients. This case-control study including 50 intensive care unit hospitalized patients with Covid-19 with a positive RT-PCR test for SARS-CoV-2 infection and 50 healthy individuals as a control group was conducted. Both groups were matched for age and body mass index (BMI) and had no history of underlying diseases such as cardiovascular, liver, kidney or smoking. Blood samples were collected from both groups to measure serum homocysteine, platelet count and D-dimer levels. Data were analyzed using GraphPad Prism version 8.3 software. The study found no statistically significant difference in homocysteine levels between COVID-19 patients and the control group. However, D-dimer levels were significantly higher in the patient group. Platelet count analysis revealed a significant difference between patients who died and those who were discharged from the hospital (P < 0.05). Despite previous studies suggesting a link between homocysteine and thrombosis, this study found no significant difference in homocysteine levels between COVID-19 patients and the control group. The significantly elevated D-dimer levels in the death group patient suggest that D-dimer and thrombocytopenia may be more reliable predictors of thrombosis and worse outcome in COVID-19 patients without underlying diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Eslamifar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
| | - Mahin Behzadifard
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran.
| | - Ehsan Zare
- Student Research Committee, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
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Wu YL, Zhu AQ, Zhou XT, Zhang KW, Yuan XJ, Yuan M, He J, Pineda MA, Li KP. A Novel Ultrafiltrate Extract of Propolis Exerts Anti-inflammatory Activity through Metabolic Rewiring. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301315. [PMID: 38189169 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Thousands of years ago, humans started to use propolis because of its medicinal properties, and modern science has successfully identified several bioactive molecules within this resinous bee product. However, a natural propolis extract which has been removed the adhesive glue and preserved propolis bioactive compounds is urgently needed to maximise the therapeutic opportunities. In this study, a novel ultrafiltrate fraction from Brazilian green propolis, termed P30K, was demonstrated with anti-inflammatory properties, both in vitro and in vivo. Total flavonoids and total phenolic acids content in P30K were 244.6 mg/g and 275.8 mg/g respectively, while the IC50 value of inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) was 8.30 μg/mL. The anti-inflammatory activity of P30K was furtherly corroborated in experimental models of lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced acute liver and lung injury. Mechanistically, integrated GC-MS and LC-MS based serum metabolomics analysis revealed that P30K modulated citrate cycle (TCA), pyruvate, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism pathways to inhibit secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Results of network pharmacology and molecular docking suggested that P30K targeted catechol-O-methyltransferases (COMT), 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (HSD11B1), and monoamine oxidases (MAOA and MAOB) to promote cellular metabolomic rewiring. Collectively, our work reveals P30K as an efficient therapeutic agent against inflammatory conditions and its efficacy is related to metabolic rewiring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Lin Wu
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 280 East Road, Outer Ring, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, China, 510006
| | - An-Qi Zhu
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 280 East Road, Outer Ring, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, China, 510006
| | - Xiao-Ting Zhou
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 280 East Road, Outer Ring, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, China, 510006
| | - Ke-Wei Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 280 East Road, Outer Ring, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, China, 510006
| | - Xu-Jiang Yuan
- Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Min Yuan
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 280 East Road, Outer Ring, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, China, 510006
| | - Jian He
- BYHEALTH Institute of Nutrition & Health., Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Miguel A Pineda
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, University of Glasgow, University Place, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Kun-Ping Li
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 280 East Road, Outer Ring, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, China, 510006
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Ma Y, Chen Y, Yang T, He X, Yang Y, Chen J, Han L. Blood biomarkers for post-stroke cognitive impairment: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2024; 33:107632. [PMID: 38417566 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2024.107632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is a frequent consequence of stroke, which affects the quality of life and prognosis of stroke survivors. Numerous studies have indicated that blood biomarkers may be the key determinants for predicting and diagnosing cognitive impairment, but the results remain varied. Therefore, this meta-analysis aims to summarize potential biomarkers associated with PSCI. METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library were comprehensively searched for studies exploring blood biomarkers associated with PSCI from inception to 15 April 2022. RESULTS 63 studies were selected from 4,047 references, which involves 95 blood biomarkers associated with the PSCI. We meta-analyzed 20 potential blood biomarker candidates, the results shown that the homocysteine (Hcy) (SMD = 0.35; 95 %CI: 0.20-0.49; P < 0.00001), c-reactive protein (CRP) (SMD = 0.49; 95 %CI: 0.20-0.78; P = 0.0008), uric acid (UA) (SMD = 0.41; 95 %CI: 0.06-0.76; P = 0.02), interleukin 6 (IL-6) (SMD = 0.92; 95 % CI: 0.27-1.57; P = 0.005), cystatin C (Cys-C) (SMD = 0.58; 95 %CI: 0.28-0.87; P = 0.0001), creatinine (SMD = 0.39; 95 %CI: 0.23-0.55; P < 0.00001) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) (SMD = 0.45; 95 %CI: 0.08-0.82; P = 0.02) levels were significantly higher in patients with PSCI than in the non-PSCI group. CONCLUSION Based on our findings, we recommend that paramedics focus on the blood biomarkers levels of Hcy, CRP, UA, IL-6, Cys-C, creatinine and TNF-α in conjunction with neuroimaging and neuropsychological assessment to assess the risk of PSCI, which may help with early detection and timely preventive measures. At the same time, other potential blood biomarkers should be further validated in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxia Ma
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730000, PR China
| | - Yanru Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, PR China; Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, PR China
| | - Tingting Yang
- Evidence-Based Nursing Center, School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730000, PR China
| | - Xiang He
- Evidence-Based Nursing Center, School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730000, PR China
| | - Yifang Yang
- Evidence-Based Nursing Center, School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730000, PR China
| | - Junbo Chen
- Evidence-Based Nursing Center, School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730000, PR China
| | - Lin Han
- Evidence-Based Nursing Center, School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730000, PR China; Department of Nursing, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, 730000, PR China.
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Wang J, Zhou J, Shao Z, Chen X, Yu Z, Zhao W. Association between serum uric acid and homocysteine levels among adults in the United States: a cross-sectional study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2023; 23:599. [PMID: 38066416 PMCID: PMC10704836 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-023-03586-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many studies have shown that both elevated serum uric acid (SUA) levels and hyperhomocysteinemia are risk factors for atherosclerosis. However, the relationship between the two has not been thoroughly investigated. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the possible link between SUA levels and homocysteine (Hcy) levels. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 17,692 adults aged > 19 years in National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1999 to 2006 were analyzed. Multivariable linear regression analysis was performed to assess the association between SUA and Hcy levels. In addition, smooth curve fitting (penalized spline method) and threshold effect analysis were performed. RESULTS Multivariable linear analysis showed that Hcy levels increased by 0.48 µmol/L (β = 0.48, 95%CI: 0.43-0.53) for every 1 mg/dL increase in SUA levels. We found a nonlinear relationship between SUA and Hcy levels. The results of threshold effect analysis showed that the inflection point for SUA levels was 7.1 mg/dL (β = 0.29, 95% CI: 0.23-0.36 and β = 1.05, 95% CI: 0.67-1.43 on the left and right sides of the inflection point, respectively). The p-values was less than 0.001 when using the log likelihood ratio test. This nonlinear relationship was also found in both sexes. The inflection point for SUA levels was 5.4 mg/dL in males and 7.3 mg/dL in females, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This cross-sectional study showed that the SUA levels were positively correlated with Hcy levels. And we found a nonlinear relationship between SUA and Hcy levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangsha Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Jiande Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Center for General Practice Medicine, General Practice and Health Management Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Zhengping Shao
- Department of Cardiology, Jiande Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Center for General Practice Medicine, General Practice and Health Management Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Zhenhai Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, De Qing People's Hospital, Deqing, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Wenyan Zhao
- Center for General Practice Medicine, General Practice and Health Management Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China.
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Ashraf S, Qaiser H, Tariq S, Khalid A, Makeen HA, Alhazmi HA, Ul-Haq Z. Unraveling the versatility of human serum albumin - A comprehensive review of its biological significance and therapeutic potential. Curr Res Struct Biol 2023; 6:100114. [PMID: 38111902 PMCID: PMC10726258 DOI: 10.1016/j.crstbi.2023.100114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Human serum albumin (HSA) is a multi-domain macromolecule with diverse ligand binding capability because of its ability to allow allosteric modulation despite being a monomeric protein. Physiologically, HSA act as the primary carrier for various exogenous and endogenous compounds and fatty acids, and alter the pharmacokinetic properties of several drugs. It has antioxidant properties and is utilized therapeutically to improve the drug delivery of pharmacological agents for the treatment of several disorders. The flexibility of albumin in holding various types of drugs coupled with a variety of modifications makes this protein a versatile drug carrier with incalculable potential in therapeutics. This review provides a brief outline of the different structural properties of HSA, and its various binding sites, moreover, an overview of the genetic, biomedical, and allosteric modulation of drugs and drug delivery aspects of HSA is also included, which may be helpful in guiding advanced clinical applications and further research on the therapeutic potential of this extraordinary protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajda Ashraf
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75210, Pakistan
| | - Hina Qaiser
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75210, Pakistan
| | - Sumayya Tariq
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75210, Pakistan
| | - Asaad Khalid
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, P.O. Box: 114, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Institute, National Center for Research, P.O. Box: 2424, Khartoum, 11111, Sudan
| | - Hafiz A. Makeen
- Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan A. Alhazmi
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, P.O. Box: 114, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114, 45142, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zaheer Ul-Haq
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75210, Pakistan
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Cheng MK, Guo YY, Kang XN, Zhang L, Wang D, Ren HH, Yuan G. Advances in cardiovascular-related biomarkers to predict diabetic peripheral neuropathy. World J Diabetes 2023; 14:1226-1233. [PMID: 37664477 PMCID: PMC10473952 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i8.1226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common chronic complication of diabetes mellitus. One of the most common types is distal symmetric poly-neuropathy, which begins as bilateral symmetry pain and hyperesthesia and gradually progresses into hypoesthesia with nerve fibre disorder and is frequently accompanied by depression and anxiety. Notably, more than half of patients with DPN can be asymptomatic, which tends to delay early detection. Furthermore, the study of adverse outcomes showed that DPN is a prominent risk factor for foot ulceration, gangrene and nontraumatic amputation, which decreases quality of life. Thus, it is essential to develop convenient diagnostic biomarkers with high sensitivity for screening and early intervention. It has been reported that there may be common pathways for microvascular and macrovascular complications of diabetes. The pathogenesis of both disorders involves vascular endothelial dys-function. Emerging evidence indicates that traditional and novel cardiovascular-related biomarkers have the potential to characterize patients by subclinical disease status and improve risk prediction. Additionally, beyond traditional cardiovascular-related biomarkers, novel cardiovascular-related biomarkers have been linked to diabetes and its complications. In this review, we evaluate the association between major traditional and nontraditional car-diovascular-related biomarkers of DPN, such as cardiac troponin T, B-type natriuretic peptide, C-reactive protein, myeloperoxidase, and homocysteine, and assess the evidence for early risk factor-based management strategies to reduce the incidence and slow the progression of DPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Ke Cheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yao-Yao Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiao-Nan Kang
- Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Hui-Hui Ren
- Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Gang Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
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Liu W, Li Q, Wang Q, Ma S, Yang X, Zhang J, Qiu J, Li J, Yang C, Li X, Zhang H, Jiang Y, Zhang Y, Zhao Y. Association between body fat composition and hyperhomocysteinemia in the analysis of the baseline data of the Northwest China Natural Population Cohort: Ningxia Project (CNC-NX). J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2023. [PMID: 37147933 DOI: 10.1111/jch.14666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The authors conducted an observational study to explore the association between body fat composition and the risk of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) and their combined effect on the risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). Adults aged 18-74 years from the Northwest China Natural Population Cohort: Ningxia Project (CNC-NX) were recruited in this study. Association between body fat composition and HHcy was evaluated by logistic regression model. Restricted cubic spline was used to find nonlinear association. The impact of the interaction between HHcy and body fat composition on CVD was evaluated using the addition interaction model and mediation effect model. In total, 16 419 participants were included in this research. Body fat percentage, visceral fat level, and abdominal fat thickness were positively associated with overall HHcy (p for trend < .001). Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) in quarter 4 were 1.181 (95% CI: 1.062, 1.313), 1.202 (95% CI: 1.085, 1.332), and 1.168 (95% CI: 1.055, 1.293) for body fat percentage, visceral fat level, and abdominal fat thickness, respectively, compared with those in quarter 1. Subgroup analysis indicated age, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and CVD were the interaction factors of body fat percentage, visceral fat level, abdominal fat thickness with HHcy (all p for interaction < .05). ORs of CVD were higher in participants with HHcy and high body fat. Body fat composition was positively associated with HHcy, indicating that reducing body, abdominal, and visceral fat content may lower the risk of HHcy and CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanlu Liu
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, China
| | - Qingqing Li
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, China
| | - Qingan Wang
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Shengchao Ma
- NHC Key Laboratory of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases Research, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Vascular Injury and Repair Research, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xiaoling Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases Research, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Vascular Injury and Repair Research, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jiaxing Zhang
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jiangwei Qiu
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, China
| | - Juan Li
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, China
| | - Chan Yang
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, China
- School of Nursing, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xiaoxia Li
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Huiping Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases Research, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Vascular Injury and Repair Research, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Yideng Jiang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases Research, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Vascular Injury and Repair Research, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yuhong Zhang
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Xingqing District, Yinchuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
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10
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Li Y, Chen X, Zhou R, Xu W, Wang X, Chao W, Xue S. Correlation Between Cognitive Impairment and Homocysteine and S100B Protein in Patients with Progressive Ischemic Stroke. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2023; 19:209-217. [PMID: 36714163 PMCID: PMC9875579 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s393624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the relationship between cognitive impairment and homocysteine (Hcy) and S100B protein in patients with progressive ischemic stroke (PIS). PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 158 patients with PIS hospitalized in the Department of Neurology in Taixing People's Hospital from January 2020 to March 2022 were enrolled in the study. After 90 days of follow-up, the patients were divided into two groups according to the MoCA score-99 cases with cognitive impairment group (observation group) and 59 cases with cognitive normal group (control group). Causal diagram was drawn to assess the association between risk factors and PIS with observation group. The risk factors indicators of cognitive impairment in patients with PIS were screened. The related predictive indicators were screened by multivariate logistic regression analysis, and Pearson correlation analysis. The predictive value was analyzed by Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve. RESULTS Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, hypertension, lesion position, Hcy and S100B protein were related risk factors for cognitive impairment in patients with PIS. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted between Hcy and S100 B protein and MoCA score, and revealed that Hcy and S100 B protein were negatively correlated with MoCA score. ROC curve analysis showed that the Area Under the Curve (AUC) of S100 B protein and Hcy in identifying cognitive impairment after PIS was 0.709 and 0.673, respectively, and the combined AUC of Hcy and S100B protein in predicting cognitive impairment after PIS was 0.739. CONCLUSION Hcy and S100B protein are related risk factors for cognitive impairment in patients with PIS, and may be used as in a prediction model to predict cognitive impairment after PIS in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurology, The Taixing People's Hospital, Taixing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaopeng Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurology, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Rujuan Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The Taixing People's Hospital, Taixing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wu Xu
- Department of Neurology, The Taixing People's Hospital, Taixing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaorong Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Taixing People's Hospital, Taixing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wa Chao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shouru Xue
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
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11
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Erectile Dysfunction: Pharmacological Pathways with Understudied Potentials. Biomedicines 2022; 11:biomedicines11010046. [PMID: 36672554 PMCID: PMC9855349 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11010046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a public health concern worldwide. In the past, it was perceived as a phenomenon attributed to age advancement. However, more individuals are affected every year that do not fall under that age criterion. Epidemiological research revealed that this abnormality has an association with endothelial dysfunction connected to several cardiovascular (CV) risk factors. Currently, ED is interpreted as a clinical marker for future adverse events and not only as a present health issue that negatively affects the quality of life. The management of ED involves lifestyle modifications, therapeutic optimization for comorbid conditions, and pharmacological and psychosexual therapy. Phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors are the first-line pharmacological agents to be prescribed for such a condition. Nonetheless, other pharmacological pathways and agents remain underinvestigated or were investigated at some stage. This review aimed to present to future researchers interested in this field with some pharmacological agents that showed favorable effects on a limited number of studies on human subjects or experimental models.
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12
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The Molecular Mechanisms of Defective Copper Metabolism in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:5418376. [PMID: 36238639 PMCID: PMC9553361 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5418376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Copper is an essential trace metal element that significantly affects human physiology and pathology by regulating various important biological processes, including mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, connective tissue crosslinking, and antioxidant defense. Copper level has been proved to be closely related to the morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, heart failure, and diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Copper deficiency can induce cardiac hypertrophy and aggravate cardiomyopathy, while copper excess can mediate various types of cell death, such as autophagy, apoptosis, cuproptosis, pyroptosis, and cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. Both copper excess and copper deficiency lead to redox imbalance, activate inflammatory response, and aggravate diabetic cardiomyopathy. This defective copper metabolism suggests a specific metabolic pattern of copper in diabetes and a specific role in the pathogenesis and progression of DCM. This review is aimed at providing a timely summary of the effects of defective copper homeostasis on DCM and discussing potential underlying molecular mechanisms.
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13
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Jung S, Choi BH, Joo NS. Serum Homocysteine and Vascular Calcification: Advances in Mechanisms, Related Diseases, and Nutrition. Korean J Fam Med 2022; 43:277-289. [PMID: 36168899 PMCID: PMC9532189 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.21.0227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying and preventing modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease is very important. Vascular calcification has been studied clinically as an asymptomatic preclinical marker of atherosclerosis and a risk factor for cardio-cerebrovascular disease. It is known that higher homocysteine levels are associated with calcified plaques and the higher the homocysteine level, the higher the prevalence and progression of vascular calcification. Homocysteine is a byproduct of methionine metabolism and is generally maintained at a physiological level. Moreover, it may increase if the patient has a genetic deficiency of metabolic enzymes, nutritional deficiencies of related cofactors (vitamins), chronic diseases, or a poor lifestyle. Homocysteine is an oxidative stress factor that can lead to calcified plaques and trigger vascular inflammation. Hyperhomocysteinemia causes endothelial dysfunction, transdifferentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells, and the induction of apoptosis. As a result of transdifferentiation and cell apoptosis, hydroxyapatite accumulates in the walls of blood vessels. Several studies have reported on the mechanisms of multiple cellular signaling pathways that cause inflammation and calcification in blood vessels. Therefore, in this review, we take a closer look at understanding the clinical consequences of hyperhomocysteinemia and apply clinical approaches to reduce its prevalence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susie Jung
- Department of Family Practice and Community Health, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | | | - Nam-Seok Joo
- Department of Family Practice and Community Health, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
- Corresponding Author: Nam-Seok Joo Tel: +82-31-219-5324, Fax: +82-31-219-5218, E-mail:
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14
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Cavallo I, Lesnoni La Parola I, Sivori F, Toma L, Koudriavtseva T, Sperduti I, Kovacs D, D’Agosto G, Trento E, Cameli N, Mussi A, Latini A, Morrone A, Pimpinelli F, Di Domenico EG. Homocysteine and Inflammatory Cytokines in the Clinical Assessment of Infection in Venous Leg Ulcers. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11091268. [PMID: 36140047 PMCID: PMC9495878 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11091268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation and biofilm-associated infection are common in chronic venous leg ulcers (VU), causing deep pain and delayed healing. Albeit important, clinical markers and laboratory parameters for identifying and monitoring persistent VU infections are limited. This study analyzed 101 patients with infected (IVU) and noninfected VUs (NVU). Clinical data were collected in both groups. The serum homocysteine (Hcys) and inflammatory cytokines from the wound fluid were measured. In addition, microbial identification, antibiotic susceptibility, and biofilm production were examined. IVU were 56 (55.4%) while NVU were 45 (44.5%). IVUs showed a significant increase in the wound's size and depth compared to NVUs. In addition, significantly higher levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, IL17A, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were found in patients with IVUs compared to those with NVUs. Notably, hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) was significantly more common in patients with IVUs than NVUs. A total of 89 different pathogens were identified from 56 IVUs. Gram-negative bacteria were 51.7%, while the Gram-positives were 48.3%. At the species level, Staphylococcus aureus was the most common isolate (43.8%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (18.0%). Multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) accounted for 25.8% of the total isolates. Strong biofilm producers (SBPs) (70.8%) were significantly more abundant than weak biofilm producers (WBP) (29.2%) in IVUs. SBPs were present in 97.7% of the IVUs as single or multispecies infections. Specifically, SBPs were 94.9% for S. aureus, 87.5% for P. aeruginosa, and 28.6% for Escherichia coli. In IVU, the tissue microenvironment and biofilm production can support chronic microbial persistence and a most severe clinical outcome even in the presence of an intense immune response, as shown by the high levels of inflammatory molecules. The measurement of local cytokines in combination with systemic homocysteine may offer a novel set of biomarkers for the clinical assessment of IVUs caused by biofilm-producing bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Cavallo
- Microbiology and Virology, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Sivori
- Microbiology and Virology, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Toma
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics, and Technological Innovation, Translational Research Area, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Isabella Sperduti
- Biostatistics, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Kovacs
- Cutaneous Physiopathology, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna D’Agosto
- Microbiology and Virology, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Trento
- Microbiology and Virology, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Norma Cameli
- Department of Dermatology, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Mussi
- Department of Dermatology, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Latini
- Department of Dermatology, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Aldo Morrone
- Scientific Direction, San Gallicano Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Fulvia Pimpinelli
- Microbiology and Virology, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Enea Gino Di Domenico
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “C. Darwin”, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
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15
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Ren W, Zhou XS. Study of the value of homocysteine levels in predicting cognitive dysfunction in patients after acute carbon monoxide poisoning. BMC Emerg Med 2022; 22:133. [PMID: 35850740 PMCID: PMC9295281 DOI: 10.1186/s12873-022-00684-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this research was to assess the value of homocysteine (HCY) levels in predicting cognitive dysfunction in patients after acute carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning. METHODS A total of 115 patients who were admitted to the emergency department of Yinzhou NO. 2 Hospital after CO poisoning between January 2017 and December 2021 were enrolled in this retrospective study. All patients were followed up for 1 month. According to the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores, patients were divided into two groups. The demographic and clinical characteristics and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results were gathered and statistically analysed. RESULTS Twenty-six and 89 patients were ultimately enrolled in the cognitive dysfunction and control groups, respectively. There were significant differences between the groups in terms of age, coma duration, and carboxyhaemoglobin (COHB), lactate and HCY levels (p < 0.05), but there were no significant differences in white blood cell (WBC) counts or aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), creatinine, troponin T, creatinine kinase (CK), or creatinine kinase muscle and brain (CK-MB) levels (p > 0.05). Univariate and multivariate analyses identified that a higher HCY level (OR 2.979, 95% CI 1.851-5.596, p < 0.001) was an independent risk factor for patient cognitive dysfunction after acute CO poisoning. Linear regression analysis showed a negative correlation between MMSE scores and HCY levels (r = - 0.880, P < 0.001). According to the MRI results, the most common lesion site was the globus pallidus, and the central ovale, diffuse white matter, corona radiata, basal ganglia (other than the globus pallidus) and cerebral cortex were also involved. CONCLUSIONS Higher HCY levels were associated with cognitive impairment and were independent risk factors for cognitive impairment after acute CO poisoning. The level of HCY was negatively correlated with the degree of cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ren
- Emergency Department, Ningbo Yinzhou No. 2 Hospital, 998 Qianhe Road, Yinzhou, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao Shuai Zhou
- Ningbo Yinzhou No. 2 Hospital, 998 Qianhe Road, Yinzhou, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
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16
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Relationships of Serum Homocysteine, Vitamin B12, and Folic Acid Levels with Papulopustular Rosacea Severity: A Case-Control Study. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:5479626. [PMID: 35832851 PMCID: PMC9273444 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5479626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with a multifactorial etiology. Recently, associations between serum homocysteine (Hcy) levels and inflammatory skin diseases, such as psoriasis and hidradenitis suppurativa, have been reported. However, no study has explored the levels of serum Hcy, folic acid, and vitamin B12 in patients with rosacea. Objective To investigate serum Hcy, vitamin B12, and folic acid levels in patients with papulopustular rosacea (PPR), we characterized the association of these levels with PPR severity. Methods This case-control study included 138 PPR patients and 58 healthy controls. The serum levels of Hcy, vitamin B12, and folic acid were measured. A correlation was assessed between disease severity and serum levels of Hcy, vitamin B12, and folic acid. Results Serum vitamin B12 and folic acid levels were significantly lower in PPR patients than in the healthy controls (p = 0.011 and p = 0.0173, respectively). Although serum Hcy levels did not significantly differ between PPR patients and healthy controls, PPR severity was positively correlated with serum Hcy levels (p < 0.001). Conclusions Our results suggest a possible association between hyperhomocysteinemia and vitamin B12 deficiency in patients with PPR.
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17
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Rotaru M, Iancu G, Baldovin I. A prospective study on hyperhomocysteinemia as an aggravating factor in chronic venous insufficiency. Exp Ther Med 2022; 24:449. [DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rotaru
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, ‘Lucian Blaga’ University of Sibiu, 550169 Sibiu, Romania
| | - Gabriela Iancu
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, ‘Lucian Blaga’ University of Sibiu, 550169 Sibiu, Romania
| | - Ioana Baldovin
- Clinic of Dermatology, County Emergency Hospital of Sibiu, 550245 Sibiu, Romania
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18
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Martínez-Lazcano JC, González-Guevara E, Boll C, Cárdenas G. Gut dysbiosis and homocysteine: a couple for boosting neurotoxicity in Huntington disease. Rev Neurosci 2022; 33:819-827. [PMID: 35411760 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2021-0164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD), a neurodegenerative disorder caused by an expansion of the huntingtin triplet (Htt), is clinically characterized by cognitive and neuropsychiatric alterations. Although these alterations appear to be related to mutant Htt (mHtt)-induced neurotoxicity, several other factors are involved. The gut microbiota is a known modulator of brain-gut communication and when altered (dysbiosis), several complaints can be developed including gastrointestinal dysfunction which may have a negative impact on cognition, behavior, and other mental functions in HD through several mechanisms, including increased levels of lipopolysaccharide, proinflammatory cytokines and immune cell response, as well as alterations in Ca2+ signaling, resulting in both increased intestinal and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability. Recently, the presence of dysbiosis has been described in both transgenic mouse models and HD patients. A bidirectional influence between host brain tissues and the gut microbiota has been observed. On the one hand, the host diet influences the composition and function of microbiota; and on the other hand, microbiota products can affect BBB permeability, synaptogenesis, and the regulation of neurotransmitters and neurotrophic factors, which has a direct effect on host metabolism and brain function. This review summarizes the available evidence on the pathogenic synergism of dysbiosis and homocysteine, and their role in the transgression of BBB integrity and their potential neurotoxicity of HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Martínez-Lazcano
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología Molecular y Nanotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía MVS, Mexico City 14629, Mexico
| | - Edith González-Guevara
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología Molecular y Nanotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía MVS, Mexico City 14629, Mexico
| | - Catherine Boll
- Laboratorio de Investigación clínica, Clínica de Ataxias y Coreas, Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas Raras, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía MVS, Mexico City 14629, Mexico
| | - Graciela Cárdenas
- Departamento de Neurología y Enfermedades Neuro-Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía MVS, Mexico City 14629, Mexico
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19
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Sabihi S, Vahedpoor Z, Saraf-Bank S, Nourian M. Effects of folate supplementation on recurrence and metabolic status of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2/3 in overweight and obese women: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Eur J Clin Nutr 2022; 76:666-670. [PMID: 35383339 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-021-01022-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Inconsistent evidence showed that folate supplementation may be associated with reduced risk of cancer due to improved metabolic profiles and reduced markers of oxidative stress and inflammation. The aim of this investigation was to quantify the effects of folate supplementation on the recurrence and other metabolic factors of women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2/3 (CIN2/3). METHODS This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was performed among 60 overweight/obese women with CIN2/3. Definitive CIN2/3 confirmation was done via biopsy, pathological diagnosis, as well as colposcopy. Participants were randomly assigned to the intervention group to take 5 mg/day folate supplements or placebo group (n = 30 in each group) for 12 weeks. RESULTS The results of the current study showed a non-significant decrease in recurrence of CIN2/3 in the folate group in comparison with the placebo group (3.3% vs. 16.7%, P = 0.08). Compared with the placebo, folate supplementation significantly decreased plasma homocysteine (Hcy) levels (P < 0.001), serum insulin values (in the crude model) (P = 0.01), and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (P = 0.01). Also, folate supplementation resulted in a significant improvement in the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (P = 0.002) and total antioxidant capacity (P = 0.04) and a significant reduction in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (P = 0.015) in comparison with the placebo group. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, folate supplementation for 12 weeks among overweight/obese women with CIN2/3 showed a non-significant decrease in its recurrence and had beneficial effects on insulin sensitivity, inflammation, and oxidative stress markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sima Sabihi
- Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zahra Vahedpoor
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR, Iran
| | - Sahar Saraf-Bank
- Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mojgan Nourian
- Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. .,Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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20
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Miao Z, Miao Z, Teng X, Xu S. Chlorpyrifos triggers epithelioma papulosum cyprini cell pyroptosis via miR-124-3p/CAPN1 axis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:127318. [PMID: 34879549 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos (CPF), a widely used organophosphorus pesticide has caused water pollution, threatening aquatic organisms. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) highly conserved noncoding RNAs, that regulate various cell death processes, including pyroptosis. To investigate the effect of CPF exposure on epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) cell pyroptosis and the role of the miR-124-3p/CAPN1 axis, we established miR-124 overexpression and inhibition EPC cell models of CPF exposure. The target of the miR-124-3p/CAPN1 axis was primarily confirmed by the double luciferase reporter assay. Pyroptosis was demonstrated to occur in CPF-exposed EPC cells and was accompanied by mitochondrial membrane potential depletion, ROS level elevation and pyroptotic indicator expression upregulation. PD150606 was supplied as a CAPN1 inhibitor, alleviating CPF-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, and alleviating the increased expression of NLRP3, CASP1, IL1β and GSDMD. In conclusion, CPF induces pyroptosis by regulating the miR-124-3p/CAPN1 axis. This study enriches the cytotoxicity study of CPF, and provides new theoretical fundamentals for exploration of miRNA and its target protein response to water contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiying Miao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiruo Miao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohua Teng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shiwen Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China.
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21
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Liu Y, Miao J. An Emerging Role of Defective Copper Metabolism in Heart Disease. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030700. [PMID: 35277059 PMCID: PMC8838622 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper is an essential trace metal element that significantly affects human physiology and pathology by regulating various important biological processes, including mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, iron mobilization, connective tissue crosslinking, antioxidant defense, melanin synthesis, blood clotting, and neuron peptide maturation. Increasing lines of evidence obtained from studies of cell culture, animals, and human genetics have demonstrated that dysregulation of copper metabolism causes heart disease, which is the leading cause of mortality in the US. Defects of copper homeostasis caused by perturbed regulation of copper chaperones or copper transporters or by copper deficiency resulted in various types of heart disease, including cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure, ischemic heart disease, and diabetes mellitus cardiomyopathy. This review aims to provide a timely summary of the effects of defective copper homeostasis on heart disease and discuss potential underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China;
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ji Miao
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Correspondence:
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22
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Cheng L, Meng Z, Wang Q, Jian Z, Fan P, Feng X, Qiao X, Yang J, Yuan Z, Li B, Wu Y. The Usefulness of C-Reactive Protein to Albumin Ratio in the Prediction of Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Coronary Chronic Total Occlusion Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:731261. [PMID: 34869630 PMCID: PMC8636141 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.731261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation and nutrition as main factors can affect the prognosis of patients with chronic total coronary occlusion (CTO) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The C-reactive protein to albumin ratio (CAR) can clarify the inflammation and nutrition status, which are highly related to clinical outcomes. This study aims to investigate the association between CAR and adverse cardiovascular events in patients with CTO undergoing PCI. For this study, 664 patients were divided into three groups based on the tertiles of CAR. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality and the secondary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Over a median follow-up of 33.7 months, the primary endpoint occurred in 64 patients (9.6%) and the secondary endpoint occurred in 170 patients (25.6%). The patients with higher CAR represented a worse prognosis with all-cause death and cardiovascular death after the adjustment for the baseline risk factors. Adding the CAR values raised the predictive value for the incidence of the all-cause death and cardiovascular death but not MACE. The capacity of prognosis prediction was improved after the addition of the CAR value to the traditional prediction model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lele Cheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China
| | - Zixuan Meng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qi Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Zhijie Jian
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Pengcheng Fan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xinxin Feng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiangrui Qiao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zuyi Yuan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China
| | - Bolin Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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23
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Koklesova L, Mazurakova A, Samec M, Biringer K, Samuel SM, Büsselberg D, Kubatka P, Golubnitschaja O. Homocysteine metabolism as the target for predictive medical approach, disease prevention, prognosis, and treatments tailored to the person. EPMA J 2021; 12:477-505. [PMID: 34786033 PMCID: PMC8581606 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-021-00263-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Homocysteine (Hcy) metabolism is crucial for regulating methionine availability, protein homeostasis, and DNA-methylation presenting, therefore, key pathways in post-genomic and epigenetic regulation mechanisms. Consequently, impaired Hcy metabolism leading to elevated concentrations of Hcy in the blood plasma (hyperhomocysteinemia) is linked to the overproduction of free radicals, induced oxidative stress, mitochondrial impairments, systemic inflammation and increased risks of eye disorders, coronary artery diseases, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, thrombotic events, cancer development and progression, osteoporosis, neurodegenerative disorders, pregnancy complications, delayed healing processes, and poor COVID-19 outcomes, among others. This review focuses on the homocysteine metabolism impairments relevant for various pathological conditions. Innovative strategies in the framework of 3P medicine consider Hcy metabolic pathways as the specific target for in vitro diagnostics, predictive medical approaches, cost-effective preventive measures, and optimized treatments tailored to the individualized patient profiles in primary, secondary, and tertiary care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Koklesova
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Alena Mazurakova
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Marek Samec
- Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Biomedical Centre Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4D, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Kamil Biringer
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Samson Mathews Samuel
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, 24144 Doha, Qatar
| | - Dietrich Büsselberg
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, 24144 Doha, Qatar
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Olga Golubnitschaja
- Predictive, Preventive, Personalised (3P) Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
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24
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De Geest B, Mishra M. Role of Oxidative Stress in Heart Failure: Insights from Gene Transfer Studies. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111645. [PMID: 34829874 PMCID: PMC8615706 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Under physiological circumstances, there is an exquisite balance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and ROS degradation, resulting in low steady-state ROS levels. ROS participate in normal cellular function and in cellular homeostasis. Oxidative stress is the state of a transient or a persistent increase of steady-state ROS levels leading to disturbed signaling pathways and oxidative modification of cellular constituents. It is a key pathophysiological player in pathological hypertrophy, pathological remodeling, and the development and progression of heart failure. The heart is the metabolically most active organ and is characterized by the highest content of mitochondria of any tissue. Mitochondria are the main source of ROS in the myocardium. The causal role of oxidative stress in heart failure is highlighted by gene transfer studies of three primary antioxidant enzymes, thioredoxin, and heme oxygenase-1, and is further supported by gene therapy studies directed at correcting oxidative stress linked to metabolic risk factors. Moreover, gene transfer studies have demonstrated that redox-sensitive microRNAs constitute potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of heart failure. In conclusion, gene therapy studies have provided strong corroborative evidence for a key role of oxidative stress in pathological remodeling and in the development of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart De Geest
- Centre for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Catholic University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-16-372-059
| | - Mudit Mishra
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands;
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25
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Noor A, Rahman MU, Faraz N, Samin KA, Ullah H, Ali A. Relationship of Homocysteine With Gender, Blood Pressure, Body Mass Index, Hemoglobin A1c, and the Duration of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2. Cureus 2021; 13:e19211. [PMID: 34877198 PMCID: PMC8642136 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.19211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Increased levels of homocysteine (Hcy) may lead to endothelial damage and increase the risk of cardiovascular and renal malfunction. The current study aimed to evaluate the association of serum Hcy levels with gender, body mass index (BMI), duration of diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and blood pressure (BP). Methodology A prospective observational study was conducted at Hayatabad Medical Complex in Peshawar, Pakistan in the department of endocrinology from June 2020 to June 2021. All patients with diagnosed DMT2 above the age of 18 years were included in the study. Individuals with unconfirmed diagnoses with ages over 75 years were excluded from the study. All data including the patient's age, gender, and medical history were recorded. Height and weight were used to calculate the BMI. BP was examined thrice and a mean value was recorded for each patient. For laboratory investigation, a vial of 3 ml blood was extracted keeping sterile and aseptic conditions by a trained nurse. The sample was sent for the determination of HbA1c and serum Hcy levels. Measurement of serum Hcy was done by chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay. All data were documented by the researchers on a predefined pro forma. Results A total of 188 patients with DMT2 were included in the study with a mean age ± SD of 54.65 ± 8.42 years. Normal (<15 micromoles per liter [mcmol/l]) serum Hcy levels were reported in 75 (39.89%) individuals, while in 47 (41.59%) individuals, there was severe (>100 mcmol/l) hyperhomocysteinemia. More than half of the patients, i.e. 157 (83.52%), had HbA1c of greater than 7%, which indicated poor glycemic control. The study revealed that the majority of the female patients, i.e. 37 (78.72%), had severe hyperhomocysteinemia (p<0.0001). Similarly, there was a direct correlation between HbA1c levels and serum Hcy. Severe hyperhomocysteinemia was found in over 80% of the patients with poor glycemic control, i.e. HbA1c >7% (p<0.0001). Furthermore, the duration of DMT2 and hypertension were both significantly associated with increased levels of Hcy with p-values of <0.0001 and <0.0001, respectively. However, no association was found between hyperhomocysteinemia and BMI. Conclusion The study revealed that increased levels of serum Hcy were associated with female gender, poor glycemic control (HbA1c >7%), BP, and duration of DMT2. However, the study failed to find an association between serum Hcy and BMI. It is recommended that patients with poor glycemic control or those with the duration of DMT2 of more than five years must be regularly checked for hyperhomocysteinemia and renal function tests. Large-scale and multi-center studies are required in order to determine the validity of these findings. The current study suggests that patients with diabetes mellitus and hypertension are likely to have increased levels of Hcy and, therefore, must be regularly screened for hyperhomocysteinemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aqil Noor
- Endocrinology, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, PAK
| | | | - Noor Faraz
- Cardiology, Lady Reading Hospital Medical Teaching Institution, Peshawar, PAK
| | - Kashif A Samin
- Family Medicine, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, PAK
| | - Hamid Ullah
- Medicine, Bacha Khan Medical College, Mardan, PAK
| | - Amjad Ali
- Medicine, Bacha Khan Medical College, Mardan, PAK
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Serum Albumin: A Multifaced Enzyme. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221810086. [PMID: 34576249 PMCID: PMC8466385 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221810086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human serum albumin (HSA) is the most abundant protein in plasma, contributing actively to oncotic pressure maintenance and fluid distribution between body compartments. HSA acts as the main carrier of fatty acids, recognizes metal ions, affects pharmacokinetics of many drugs, provides the metabolic modification of some ligands, renders potential toxins harmless, accounts for most of the anti-oxidant capacity of human plasma, and displays esterase, enolase, glucuronidase, and peroxidase (pseudo)-enzymatic activities. HSA-based catalysis is physiologically relevant, affecting the metabolism of endogenous and exogenous compounds including proteins, lipids, cholesterol, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and drugs. Catalytic properties of HSA are modulated by allosteric effectors, competitive inhibitors, chemical modifications, pathological conditions, and aging. HSA displays anti-oxidant properties and is critical for plasma detoxification from toxic agents and for pro-drugs activation. The enzymatic properties of HSA can be also exploited by chemical industries as a scaffold to produce libraries of catalysts with improved proficiency and stereoselectivity for water decontamination from poisonous agents and environmental contaminants, in the so called “green chemistry” field. Here, an overview of the intrinsic and metal dependent (pseudo-)enzymatic properties of HSA is reported to highlight the roles played by this multifaced protein.
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27
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Melatonin as a Reducer of Neuro- and Vasculotoxic Oxidative Stress Induced by Homocysteine. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10081178. [PMID: 34439426 PMCID: PMC8389035 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The antioxidant properties of melatonin can be successfully used to reduce the effects of oxidative stress caused by homocysteine. The beneficial actions of melatonin are mainly due to its ability to inhibit the generation of the hydroxyl radical during the oxidation of homocysteine. Melatonin protects endothelial cells, neurons, and glia against the action of oxygen radicals generated by homocysteine and prevents the structural changes in cells that lead to impaired contractility of blood vessels and neuronal degeneration. It can be, therefore, assumed that the results obtained in experiments performed mainly in the in vitro models and occasionally in animal models may clear the way to clinical applications of melatonin in patients with hyperhomocysteinemia, who exhibit a higher risk of developing neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., Parkinson’s disease or Alzheimer’s disease) and cardiovascular diseases of atherothrombotic etiology. However, the results that have been obtained so far are scarce and have seldom been performed on advanced in vivo models. All findings predominately originate from the use of in vitro models and the scarcity of clinical evidence is huge. Thus, this mini-review should be considered as a summary of the outcomes of the initial research in the field concerning the use of melatonin as a possibly efficient attenuator of oxidative stress induced by homocysteine.
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Effects of Folic Acid Supplementation on Inflammatory Markers: A Grade-Assessed Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072327. [PMID: 34371837 PMCID: PMC8308638 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been theorized that folic acid supplementation improves inflammation. However, its proven effects on inflammatory markers are unclear as clinical studies on this topic have produced inconsistent results. To bridge this knowledge gap, this systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) aimed to evaluate the effects of folic acid supplementation on serum concentrations of the inflammatory markers C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Methods: To identify eligible RCTs, a systematic search up to April 2021 was completed in PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane databases, and Google Scholar using relevant keywords. A fix or random-effects model was utilized to estimate the weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Results: Twelve RCTs were included in the present meta-analysis. The pooled analysis revealed that serum concentrations of CRP (WMD: −0.59 mg/L, 95% CI −0.85 to −0.33, p < 0.001) were significantly reduced following folic acid supplementation compared to placebo, but did not affect serum concentrations of IL-6 (WMD: −0.12, 95% CI −0.95 to 0.72 pg/mL, p = 0.780) or TNF-α (WMD: −0.18, 95% CI −0.86 to 0.49 pg/mL, p = 0.594). The dose–response analysis demonstrated a significant relationship between an elevated dosage of folic acid supplementation and lower CRP concentrations (p = 0.002). Conclusions: We found that folic acid supplementation may improve inflammation by attenuating serum concentrations of CRP but without significant effects on IL-6 and TNF-α. Future RCTs including a larger number of participants and more diverse populations are needed to confirm and expand our findings.
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Zhou S, Chen J, Cheng L, Fan K, Xu M, Ren W, Chen Y, Geng D, Cheng H, Luan X, Song J, Lin G, Huang G, He J. Age-Dependent Association Between Elevated Homocysteine and Cognitive Impairment in a Post-stroke Population: A Prospective Study. Front Nutr 2021; 8:691837. [PMID: 34277686 PMCID: PMC8284187 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.691837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose: The results regarding the independent association between homocysteine (Hcy) levels and post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) were inconsistent. The effect of age on this association has yet to be explored. This study aims to determine the relationship between Hcy levels, age, and cognitive impairment in a post-stroke population. Methods: A total of 592 patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) completed follow-up. Serum Hcy levels were measured enzymatically by spectrophotometry within 24 h of admission. Cognitive function was evaluated by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) 1 month after stroke, and the scores ≤ 24 were considered as cognitive impairment. Our study was dichotomized into two groups by a cut-off of 65 years. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to determine the association between baseline Hcy levels and cognitive impairment. Results: According to the MMSE score, 317 (53.5%) patients had cognitive impairment. Patients with higher levels of Hcy were more prone to have cognitive impairment 1 month after stroke than patients with lower levels of Hcy (p < 0.001). The optimal cut-off points of Hcy level (μmol/L) were (T1) ≤ 8, (T2) 8–12, and (T3) ≥ 12. After adjusting for confounding factors, the multivariate regression analysis showed that the third Hcy tertile was independently associated with cognitive impairment [odds ratio (OR) = 2.057, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.133–3.735, p = 0.018). A stronger association [T2 (OR = 2.266, 95% CI = 1.042–4.926, p = 0.039); T3 (OR =3.583, 95% CI = 1.456–8.818, p = 0.005)] was found in the younger group. However, the independent association was not confirmed in the older group. Conclusions: Elevated Hcy levels in the acute phase of ischemic stroke were independently associated with cognitive impairment in a post-stroke population. Furthermore, the association was age-dependent and more meaningful in a younger population aged below 65. So, Hcy levels in patients with stroke should be well-monitored, especially in younger patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiahao Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lin Cheng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Kaili Fan
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Minjie Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wenwei Ren
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yunbin Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Dandan Geng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Haoran Cheng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqian Luan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiaying Song
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Gangqiang Lin
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Guiqian Huang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jincai He
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Bala R, Verma R, Verma P, Singh V, Yadav N, Rajender S, Agrawal NR, Singh K. Hyperhomocysteinemia and low vitamin B12 are associated with the risk of early pregnancy loss: A clinical study and meta-analyses. Nutr Res 2021; 91:57-66. [PMID: 34134041 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2021.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
One-carbon metabolism is crucial for the maintenance of healthy pregnancy and alterations in this pathway have been associated with various pregnancy-related complications. Therefore, the present study was conducted to test the hypothesis that the altered folic acid, vitamin B12 and homocysteine levels are associated with the risk of early pregnancy loss (EPL). Plasma folic acid, vitamin B12 and homocysteine levels were analyzed in 83 females with EPL and 70 healthy pregnant females in their first trimester. Further, meta-analyses of folic acid, vitamin B12 and homocysteine were also performed involving various eligible studies. Results from our case-control study and meta-analysis showed that folic acid deficiency is not associated with the risk of EPL. On the other hand, low vitamin B12 and hyperhomocysteinemia were individually found to be significant risk factors for EPL in the present study (P < .01, P < .05, respectively) and meta-analysis as well (P < .001, P < .05, respectively). Vitamin B12 deficiency in combination with hyperhomocysteinemia was a more serious risk factor for EPL (Odds Ratio = 4.98, P = 0.002). Therefore, we conclude that vitamin B12 deficiency and elevated homocysteine levels are independent risk factors for EPL, and of higher risk when combined. The assessment of vitamin B12 and homocysteine levels may serve as a good screening marker for EPL risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renu Bala
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rachna Verma
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Priyanka Verma
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vertika Singh
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Namrata Yadav
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Singh Rajender
- Division of Endocrinology, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nisha Rani Agrawal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kiran Singh
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Lauriola M, D'Onofrio G, Ciccone F, Germano C, Cascavilla L, Paris F, Greco A. Relationship of Homocysteine Plasma Levels with Mild Cognitive Impairment, Alzheimer's Disease, Vascular Dementia, Psychobehavioral, and Functional Complications. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 82:235-248. [PMID: 34057086 PMCID: PMC8293649 DOI: 10.3233/jad-210166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) may be a vascular disorder with neurodegenerative consequences opening possibility of preventing AD by targeting vascular risk factors including homocysteine. Objective: The study aims were to assess homocysteine distribution in different forms and severity of cognitive impairment (CogI) [mild cognitive impairment (MCI), probable AD (Prob-AD), possible AD (Poss-AD), and vascular dementia (VaD)] and in NoCogI, and to estimate possible association between hyperhomocysteinemia levels with functional deficit severity and psychobehavioral complications. Methods: In total, 929 (M = 366, F = 563; mean age of 72.55±6.24 years) patients were evaluated with cognitive, neuropsychiatric, affective, and functional assessment scales. Homocysteine serum was set on two levels: between 0 and 10μmol/L and > 10μmol/L. For each patient, blood concentration of folate, vitamin B12, hemoglobin, C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), cholesterol, triglycerides, and glycemia were measured. Results: CogI patients demonstrated significantly a higher frequency of homocysteine > 10 (p = 0.003), than NoCogI patients. Patients with moderate and severe dementia had a higher frequency of homocysteine > 10 (p < 0.0001), than MCI and mild dementia. Poss-AD and VaD had a higher frequency of homocysteine > 10 (p = 0.003), than Prob-AD patients. Homocysteine > 10 frequency is directly proportional to increased neuropsychiatric symptom severity (p < 0.0001), and functional impairment severity respectively for ADL (p < 0.0001) and IADL (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: Higher homocysteine level seems to be significantly related to cognitive impairment frequency and severity, possible AD and VaD, neuropsychiatric symptom severity, and functional impairment severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Lauriola
- Complex Unit of Geriatrics, Department of Medical Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Grazia D'Onofrio
- Clinical Psychology Service, Health Department, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Filomena Ciccone
- Clinical Psychology Service, Health Department, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Carmela Germano
- Complex Unit of Geriatrics, Department of Medical Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Leandro Cascavilla
- Complex Unit of Geriatrics, Department of Medical Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesco Paris
- Complex Unit of Geriatrics, Department of Medical Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Antonio Greco
- Complex Unit of Geriatrics, Department of Medical Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
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Hryciw N, Joannidis M, Hiremath S, Callum J, Clark EG. Intravenous Albumin for Mitigating Hypotension and Augmenting Ultrafiltration during Kidney Replacement Therapy. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2021; 16:820-828. [PMID: 33115729 PMCID: PMC8259476 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.09670620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Among its many functions, owing to its oversized effect on colloid oncotic pressure, intravascular albumin helps preserve the effective circulatory volume. Hypoalbuminemia is common in hospitalized patients and is found especially frequently in patients who require KRT either for AKI or as maintenance hemodialysis. In such patients, hypoalbuminemia is strongly associated with morbidity, intradialytic hypotension, and mortality. Intravenous albumin may be administered in an effort to prevent or treat hypotension or to augment fluid removal, but this practice is controversial. Theoretically, intravenous albumin administration might prevent or treat hypotension by promoting plasma refilling in response to ultrafiltration. However, clinical trials have demonstrated that albumin administration is not nearly as effective a volume expander as might be assumed according to its oncotic properties. Although intravenous albumin is generally considered to be safe, it is also very expensive. In addition, there are potential risks to using it to prevent or treat intradialytic hypotension. Some recent studies have suggested that hyperoncotic albumin solutions may precipitate or worsen AKI in patients with sepsis or shock; however, the overall evidence supporting this effect is weak. In this review, we explore the theoretical benefits and risks of using intravenous albumin to mitigate intradialytic hypotension and/or enhance ultrafiltration and summarize the current evidence relating to this practice. This includes studies relevant to its use in patients on maintenance hemodialysis and critically ill patients with AKI who require KRT in the intensive care unit. Despite evidence of its frequent use and high costs, at present, there are minimal data that support the routine use of intravenous albumin during KRT. As such, adequately powered trials to evaluate the efficacy of intravenous albumin in this setting are clearly needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Hryciw
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael Joannidis
- Division of Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Swapnil Hiremath
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa and the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeannie Callum
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Molecular Diagnostics, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Edward G. Clark
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa and the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Tchantchou F, Goodfellow M, Li F, Ramsue L, Miller C, Puche A, Fiskum G. Hyperhomocysteinemia-Induced Oxidative Stress Exacerbates Cortical Traumatic Brain Injury Outcomes in Rats. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2021; 41:487-503. [PMID: 32405706 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-00866-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among military service members and civilians in the United States. Despite significant advances in the understanding of TBI pathophysiology, several clinical reports indicate that multiple genetic and epigenetic factors can influence outcome. Homocysteine (HCY) is a non-proteinogenic amino acid, the catabolism of which can be dysregulated by stress, lifestyle, aging, or genetic abnormalities leading to hyperhomocysteinemia (HHCY). HHCY is a neurotoxic condition and a risk factor for multiple neurological and cardiovascular disorders that occurs when HCY levels is clinically > 15 µM. Although the deleterious impact of HHCY has been studied in human and animal models of neurological disorders such as stroke, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, it has not been addressed in TBI models. This study tested the hypothesis that HHCY has detrimental effects on TBI pathophysiology. Moderate HHCY was induced in adult male Sprague Dawley rats via daily administration of methionine followed by impact-induced traumatic brain injury. In this model, HHCY increased oxidative stress, upregulated expression of proteins that promote blood coagulation, exacerbated TBI-associated blood-brain barrier dysfunction and promoted the infiltration of inflammatory cells into the cortex. We also observed an increase of brain injury-induced lesion size and aggravated anxiety-like behavior. These findings show that moderate HHCY exacerbates TBI outcomes and suggest that HCY catabolic dysregulation may be a significant biological variable that could contribute to TBI pathophysiology heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flaubert Tchantchou
- Department of Anesthesiology and the Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 W. Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
| | - Molly Goodfellow
- Department of Anesthesiology and the Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 W. Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Fengying Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and the Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 W. Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Lyric Ramsue
- Department of Anesthesiology and the Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 W. Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Catriona Miller
- Aeromedical Research, U.S Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - Adam Puche
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gary Fiskum
- Department of Anesthesiology and the Center for Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR), University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 W. Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
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Muzurović E, Kraljević I, Solak M, Dragnić S, Mikhailidis DP. Homocysteine and diabetes: Role in macrovascular and microvascular complications. J Diabetes Complications 2021; 35:107834. [PMID: 33419630 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2020.107834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) can lead to the development of macro- and microvascular complications. Homocysteine (Hcy) may play a role in the development of cardiovascular (CV) diseases (CVDs). The role of Hcy in the development of the vascular complications associated with DM is not clearly defined. Despite a strong initial assumption regarding the importance of Hcy in DM and its complications, over time "enthusiasm has waned" because several studies showed unconvincing and occasionally contradictory results. A universal conclusion is not easy to draw given the diversity of studies (e.g. number of patients, design, folic acid and vitamin B status, ethnic differences, genetic background). For some complications, most results encourages further investigation. Impaired renal function is a major independent determinant of high total Hcy (tHcy) levels. However, the role of hyperhomocysteinaemia (HHcy) in the development of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has yet to be determined. Hcy-lowering therapies can significantly decrease Hcy levels but their effects on CVD risk reduction are conflicting. Further studies are needed to determine the influence of Hcy-lowering therapy on CVD risk reduction, especially in patients with DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emir Muzurović
- Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology Section, Clinical Centre of Montenegro, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montenegro, Ljubljanska bb, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro.
| | - Ivana Kraljević
- Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mirsala Solak
- Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Siniša Dragnić
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Centre of Montenegro, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montenegro, Ljubljanska bb, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Dimitri P Mikhailidis
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Royal Free Hospital Campus, University College London Medical School, University College London (UCL), Pond Street, London NW3 2QG, UK
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Li Y, Zhao Q, Cao Y, Si J, Li J, Cao K, Pang X. Probucol decreases homocysteine-stimulated CRP production in rat aortic smooth muscle cells via regulating HO-1/NADPH oxidase/ROS/p38 pathway. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2021; 53:212-219. [PMID: 33382068 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmaa163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The elevated homocysteine level is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis, which is characterized as a chronic inflammatory disease associated with oxidative stress. We have confirmed that homocysteine can stimulate the production of C-reactive protein (CRP) in rat aortic smooth muscle cells (RASMCs). In the present study, we investigated the role of probucol in homocysteine-induced CRP expression in cultured RASMCs and high-methionine-diet-induced hyperhomocysteinemic rats. The results showed that probucol decreased homocysteine-induced CRP mRNA and protein expression in RASMCs in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, the animal experiment showed that probucol not only inhibited CRP expression in the vessel wall but also reduced the circulating CRP level in hyperhomocysteinemic rats. Further investigations revealed that probucol markedly increased heme oxygenase-1 activity, suppressed nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase activity, diminished superoxide anion generation, and decreased p38 phosphorylation in RASMCs and hyperhomocysteinemic rat aorta. These data demonstrate that probucol can inhibit homocysteine-induced CRP generation by interfering with the NADPH oxidase/p38 signal pathway in RASMCs, which will provide new evidence for the anti-inflammatory and anti-atherosclerotic effects of probucol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxia Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Zibo Central Hospital, Binzhou Medical University, Zibo 255000, China
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Qun Zhao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Zibo Central Hospital, Binzhou Medical University, Zibo 255000, China
| | - Yuan Cao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Zibo Central Hospital, Binzhou Medical University, Zibo 255000, China
| | - Jigang Si
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Zibo Central Hospital, Binzhou Medical University, Zibo 255000, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Zibo Central Hospital, Binzhou Medical University, Zibo 255000, China
| | - Kai Cao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Zibo Central Hospital, Binzhou Medical University, Zibo 255000, China
| | - Xiaoming Pang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Zibo Central Hospital, Binzhou Medical University, Zibo 255000, China
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
- Translational Medical Center, Zibo Central Hospital, Binzhou Medical University, Zibo 255000, China
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Jung S, Joo NS, Kim YN, Choi BH. Cut-off value of serum homocysteine in relation to increase of coronary artery calcification. J Investig Med 2021; 69:345-350. [PMID: 33148632 PMCID: PMC7848052 DOI: 10.1136/jim-2020-001478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A recent study reported that coronary artery calcification (CAC) and serum homocysteine were well associated; however, no report is available for the cut-off value of serum homocysteine according to increase of coronary-artery calcification volume score (CVS). The data of 469 out of 777 subjects in 1 health promotion center located in Seoul were selected after exclusion of the missing data of serum homocysteine and CVS. CVS was categorized into 2 groups: CVS=0 and CVS>0. Serum homocysteine according to the CVS groups was compared, and the cut-off value of serum homocysteine according to the increase of CVS (>0) was calculated using the receiver operating characteristic curve. Mean age was 54.5 years and the proportion of females was 22.2%. Mean serum homocysteine concentration and CVS were 11.2 μmol/L and 50.4, respectively. After adjustments for age and sex, serum homocysteine was associated with CVS (r=0.167, p=0.001), and Log(Homocysteine) also showed a significant difference according to the CVS groups. The cut-off value of serum homocysteine according to the increase of CVS (>0) was 9.45 μmol/L (area under the curve=0.569 (95% CI 0.512 to 0.625), p=0.015). The cut-off value of serum homocysteine was 9.45 μmol/L according to the increase of coronary-artery CVS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susie Jung
- Department of Family Practice and Community Health, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Nam-Seok Joo
- Department of Family Practice and Community Health, Ajou University Hospital, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea
| | - Yu-Na Kim
- Department of Family Practice and Community Health, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Beom-Hee Choi
- Functional Medicine Clinic, GCIMED, Seoul, South Korea
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Herrmann W, Herrmann M. The Importance of Telomere Shortening for Atherosclerosis and Mortality. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2020; 7:jcdd7030029. [PMID: 32781553 PMCID: PMC7570376 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd7030029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomeres are the protective end caps of chromosomes and shorten with every cell division. Short telomeres are associated with older age and adverse lifestyle factors. Leucocyte telomere length (LTL) has been proposed as a biomarker of biological age. The shortening of LTL with age is the result of the end-replication problem, environmental, and lifestyle-related factors. Epidemiologic studies have shown that LTL predicts cardiovascular disease, all-cause mortality, and death from vascular causes. Age appears to be an important co-variate that explains a substantial fraction of this effect. Although it has been proposed that short telomeres promote atherosclerosis and impair the repair of vascular lesions, existing results are inconsistent. Oxidative stress and chronic inflammation can both accelerate telomere shortening. Multiple factors, including homocysteine (HCY), vitamin B6, and vitamin B12 modulate oxidative stress and inflammation through direct and indirect mechanisms. This review provides a compact overview of telomere physiology and the utility of LTL measurements in atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. In addition, it summarizes existing knowledge regarding the impact of oxidative stress, inflammation, HCY, and B-vitamins on telomere function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Herrmann
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Medical School of the Saarland University, 66421 Homburg, Saar, Germany;
| | - Markus Herrmann
- Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +43-316-385-13145; Fax: +43-316-385-13430
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He R, Mo R, Shen M, Kang L, Song J, Liu Y, Chen Z, Zhang H, Yao H, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Dong H, Jin Y, Li M, Qin J, Zheng H, Chen Y, Li D, Wei H, Li X, Zhang H, Huang M, Zhang C, Jiang Y, Liang D, Tian Y, Yang Y. Variable phenotypes and outcomes associated with the MMACHC c.609G>A homologous mutation: long term follow-up in a large cohort of cases. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2020; 15:200. [PMID: 32746869 PMCID: PMC7398195 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-020-01485-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cobalamin C deficiency (cblC) caused by the MMACHC mutations is the most common type of the disorders of intracellular cobalamin metabolism. While the c.609G > A mutation is most frequent in Chinese cblC patients, its correlation with phenotype has not been delineated. Here we aim to investigate the factors affecting variable phenotypes and outcomes associated with the MMACHC c.609G > A homologous mutation in 149 Chinese cases to have implications for treatment and prevention. Methods We assessed 149 cblC patients caused by MMACHC c.609G > A homozygous mutation. The clinical manifestations, complications, treatment, and outcomes were evaluated; 120 patients were followed-up till December 2019. Results Two patients (1.3%) were prenatally diagnosed, treated after birth and consequently showed normal development. In 15 patients (10.1%) detected by newborn screening, 10 were treated at the age of 2 weeks and showed normal development, while the other 5 were treated after onset and showed neurologic disorders. All 132 clinically diagnosed patients (88.6%) developed symptoms at age from few minutes after birth to 72 months. Among them, 101 (76.5%) had early-onset (before the age of 12 months) and 31 (23.5%) had late-onset (after the age of 12 months). Totally 5 patients died and 24 were lost to follow-up. Of the 132 clinical diagnosed patients, 92 (69.7%) presented with developmental delay, 65 (49.2%) had seizures, 37 (28.0%) had anemia, 24 (18.2%) had feeding difficulty, 23 (17.4%) had ocular problems, and 22 (16.7%) had hydrocephalus. Compared with the non-developmental delay group, the onset age, the age at treatment initiation and the time from onset to treatment initiation were later in the developmental delay group. Seizure group showed significantly higher urinary methylmalonic acid concentration. During long-term follow-up, plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) levels were significantly higher in patients in the uncontrolled group than those in the seizure-free group. Conclusions Most cblC patients caused by MMACHC c.609G > A homozygous mutation showed early-onset. The clinically diagnosed patients usually showed the presence of irreversible brain disorders. Patients treated from the pre-symptomatic stage showed favorable outcomes. Therefore, newborn screening, prenatal diagnosis and early treatment are crucial and the c.609G > A mutant allele should be listed in the pre-pregnancy carrier screening panel in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruxuan He
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Ruo Mo
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Ming Shen
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Lulu Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Jinqing Song
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Zhehui Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Hongwu Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongxin Yao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yupeng Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, People's Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Hui Dong
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Ying Jin
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Mengqiu Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Jiong Qin
- Department of Pediatrics, People's Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Zheng
- Department of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yongxing Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Inherited Metabolic, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dongxiao Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Inherited Metabolic, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Wei
- Department of Endocrinology and Inherited Metabolic, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiyuan Li
- Precision Medicine Center, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Huifeng Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Hebei Medical University Second Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | | | - Chunyan Zhang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yuwu Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Desheng Liang
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
| | - Yaping Tian
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Medical Innovation Research Division of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Yanling Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China.
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Comas F, Latorre J, Ortega F, Oliveras-Cañellas N, Lluch A, Ricart W, Fernández-Real JM, Moreno-Navarrete JM. Permanent cystathionine-β-Synthase gene knockdown promotes inflammation and oxidative stress in immortalized human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells, enhancing their adipogenic capacity. Redox Biol 2020; 42:101668. [PMID: 32800520 PMCID: PMC8113015 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we aimed to investigate the impact of permanent cystathionine-β-Synthase (CBS) gene knockdown in human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) immortalized human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASC52telo) and in their capacity to differentiate into adipocytes. CBS gene KD in ASC52telo cells led to increased cellular inflammation (IL6, CXCL8, TNF) and oxidative stress markers (increased intracellular reactive oxygen species and decreased reduced glutathione levels) in parallel to decreased H2S production and rejuvenation (LC3 and SIRT1)-related gene expression. In addition, CBS gene KD in ASC52telo cells resulted in altered mitochondrial respiratory function, characterised by decreased basal respiration (specifically proton leak) and spare respiratory capacity, without significant effects on cell viability and proliferation. In this context, shCBS-ASC52telo cells displayed enhanced adipogenic (FABP4, ADIPOQ, SLC2A4, CEBPA, PPARG)-, lipogenic (FASN, DGAT1)- and adipocyte (LEP, LBP)-related gene expression markers, decreased expression of proinflammatory cytokines, and increased intracellular lipid accumulation during adipocyte differentiation compared to control ASC52telo cells. Otherwise, the increased adipogenic potential of shCBS-ASC52telo cells was detrimental to the ability to differentiate into osteogenic linage. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that permanent CBS gene KD in ASC52telo cells promotes a cellular senescence phenotype with a very increased adipogenic potential, promoting a non-physiological enhanced adipocyte differentiation with excessive lipid storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferran Comas
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), CIBEROBN (CB06/03/010) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Girona, Spain
| | - Jèssica Latorre
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), CIBEROBN (CB06/03/010) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Girona, Spain
| | - Francisco Ortega
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), CIBEROBN (CB06/03/010) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Girona, Spain
| | - Núria Oliveras-Cañellas
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), CIBEROBN (CB06/03/010) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Girona, Spain
| | - Aina Lluch
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), CIBEROBN (CB06/03/010) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Girona, Spain
| | - Wifredo Ricart
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), CIBEROBN (CB06/03/010) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Girona, Spain
| | - José Manuel Fernández-Real
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), CIBEROBN (CB06/03/010) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Girona, Spain; Department of Medicine, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain.
| | - José María Moreno-Navarrete
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IdIBGi), CIBEROBN (CB06/03/010) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Girona, Spain; Department of Medicine, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain.
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Sex Differences in Association of Elevated Blood Pressure with Variables Characterizing Cardiometabolic Risk in Young Subjects with or Without Metabolic Abnormalities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17103612. [PMID: 32455627 PMCID: PMC7277167 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17103612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Males present higher blood pressure (BP) values, higher prevalence of elevated BP, and a different prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors when compared with females. We assumed that the trends of risk markers across BP categories (normotension, high normal BP, and hypertension) differ in young males and females, and between subjects without metabolic abnormalities (without obesity, insulin resistance, atherogenic dyslipidemia, hyperuricemia, or microinflammation) and those presenting them. Data from 2543 subjects (48% males) aged from 16 to 23 years were analyzed. The findings showed that 15% of males and 4% of females presented high normal BP while 9% and 1%, respectively, had hypertension. In males, variables characterizing obesity status, insulin sensitivity, atherogenic dyslipidemia, uric acid, adiponectin, a soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products, and leukocyte counts showed worsening trends across BP categories. Females presented significant trends only for obesity measures, LDL-cholesterol, and non-HDL-cholesterol. Across BP categories, trends of variables characterizing cardiometabolic risk differed among abnormalities-free and presenting males. The multivariate model selected measures of central obesity, atherogenic dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and uric acid as significant predictors of BP in both genders, and C-reactive protein in females. Sex differences in measures of cardiovascular health in juveniles may remain undiscovered unless two sexes are analyzed separately. These differences may have implications for sex-specific disease risk in adulthood.
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Šebeková K, Gurecká R, Csongová M, Koborová I, Šebek J. Elevated blood pressure-associated cardiometabolic risk factors and biomarkers in 16-23 years old students with or without metabolic abnormalities. J Hum Hypertens 2020; 35:37-48. [PMID: 32029913 DOI: 10.1038/s41371-020-0309-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In obesity, cardiometabolic risk markers show worsening trends with increasing blood pressure (BP). We assumed that risk markers show similar trends across BP categories (normotension, high normal BP, hypertension) in metabolic abnormalities-free subjects (without obesity, insulin resistance, atherogenic dyslipidemia, hyperuricemia, microinflammation) and those presenting them. Data from 2547 (48.1% males) subjects aged 16-23 years were analyzed. The prevalence of males increased across BP categories. Forty-seven percent of individuals with elevated BP were metabolic abnormalities-free. Among 1461 metabolic abnormalities-free subjects, 9% had high normal BP, and 4% hypertension; among 1086 individuals presenting metabolic abnormalities, the prevalence reached 13% and 6%, respectively, (p < 0.001). Both groups displayed similar BP values in corresponding BP categories and significant trends in markers of adiposity, insulin resistance, HDL-cholesterol, atherogenic index of plasma, uric acid, adiponectinemia, and antioxidant capacity of plasma across BP categories. In metabolic abnormalities-free individuals, also significant trends in soluble receptors for advanced glycation end products were revealed. Continuous metabolic syndrome score, a measure of cardiometabolic risk, increased across BP categories regardless of presence or absence of metabolic abnormalities. Multivariate regression models selected male gender, fat-free mass, and uric acid as significant independent predictors for determining BP. Our data emphasize that having a BP outside the normal range significantly worsens risk for cardiometabolic disease in young individuals even if the thresholds for any of the risk factors are not exceeded. Longitudinal studies are needed to assess whether in patients with elevated BP the prognosis of adverse outcomes differs between those presenting and not presenting metabolic abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarína Šebeková
- Institute of Molecular BioMedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 811 08, Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Radana Gurecká
- Institute of Molecular BioMedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 811 08, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Institute of Medical Physics, Biophysics, Informatics and Telemedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 2, 811 08, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Melinda Csongová
- Institute of Molecular BioMedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 811 08, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ivana Koborová
- Institute of Molecular BioMedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova 4, 811 08, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jozef Šebek
- Institute of Materials & Machine Mechanics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 13, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Karger AB, Steffen BT, Nomura SO, Guan W, Garg PK, Szklo M, Budoff MJ, Tsai MY. Association Between Homocysteine and Vascular Calcification Incidence, Prevalence, and Progression in the MESA Cohort. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e013934. [PMID: 32013703 PMCID: PMC7033888 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.013934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background While elevated homocysteine has been associated with calcification in several studies, its importance as a cardiovascular risk factor remains unclear. This study examines the relationship between homocysteine and vascular and valve calcification in the MESA (Multi-ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) cohort. Methods and Results MESA participants with baseline homocysteine measurements and cardiac computed tomography scans were included (N=6789). Baseline and follow-up assessment of vascular (coronary artery [CAC], descending thoracic aorta [DTAC]) and valve (aortic valve [AVC], mitral annular [MAC]) calcification was performed. Prevalence ratio/relative risk regression was used to assess the relationship of homocysteine with prevalent and incident calcification, and multivariable logistic regression was used to assess associations between homocysteine and calcification progression. Elevated homocysteine was associated with greater relative risk of prevalent and incident CAC and incident DTAC. We also identified a strong association between elevated homocysteine and CAC and DTAC progression. Elevated homocysteine was found to confer a >2-fold increased risk of severe CAC progression (defined as ΔCAC ≥100/year) and an ≈1.5-fold increased risk for severe DTAC progression (defined as ΔDTAC ≥100/year). Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating an association between elevated homocysteine and both incidence and progression of coronary and extra-coronary vascular calcification. Our findings suggest a potential role for elevated homocysteine as a risk factor for severe vascular calcification progression. Future studies are warranted to further assess the utility of homocysteine as a biomarker for vascular calcification incidence and progression. Clinical Trial Registration https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/. Unique identifier: NCT00005487.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy B Karger
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN
| | - Brian T Steffen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN
| | - Sarah O Nomura
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN
| | - Weihua Guan
- Division of Biostatistics School of Public Health University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN
| | - Parveen K Garg
- Division of Cardiology University of Southern California Los Angeles CA
| | - Moyses Szklo
- Department of Epidemiology Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore MD
| | - Matthew J Budoff
- Los Angeles Biomedical Research Center at Harbor-UCLA Torrance CA
| | - Michael Y Tsai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN
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Zhang T, Chen M, Guo L, Yu F, Zhou C, Xu H, Wu B. Reverse Erythroblastosis Virus α Antagonism Promotes Homocysteine Catabolism and Ammonia Clearance. Hepatology 2019; 70:1770-1784. [PMID: 31016736 DOI: 10.1002/hep.30675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic homeostasis of amino acids is essential for human health. Here, we aimed to investigate a potential role for the clock component reverse erythroblastosis virus α (Rev-erbα) in circadian regulation of amino acid metabolism. RNA-seq with Rev-erbα-/- mice showed expression changes in genes involved in amino acid metabolism, particularly, the urea cycle and methionine metabolism. Rev-erbα ablation increased hepatic mRNA, protein, and enzymatic activity of betaine homocysteine methyltransferase (Bhmt), cystathionine β-synthase (Cbs), and cystathionine γ-lyase (Cth) and decreased the levels of plasma and liver homocysteine in mice. Cell-based assays confirmed negative regulation of these three genes by Rev-erbα. Combined luciferase reporter, mobility-shift, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays identified Rev-erbα as a transcriptional repressor of Bhmt, Cbs, and Cth. Rev-erbα ablation or antagonism alleviated chemical-induced hyperhomocysteinemia in mice. This was accompanied by elevated expressions of Bhmt, Cbs, and Cth. Moreover, Rev-erbα ablation or antagonism promoted urea production and ammonia clearance. Of urea cycle-related genes, arginase 1 (Arg1), ornithine transcarbamylase (Otc), and carbamoyl-phosphate synthase 1 (Cps1) expressions were up-regulated in Rev-erbα-/- mice. Negative regulation of these urea cycle genes by Rev-erbα was validated using cell-based experiments. Mechanistic studies revealed that Rev-erbα inhibited CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein α transactivation to repress the transcription of Arg1, Cps1, and Otc. Conclusion: Rev-erbα antagonism alleviates hyperhomocysteinemia and promotes ammonia clearance. Targeting Rev-erbα represents an approach for the management of homocysteine- and ammonia-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianpeng Zhang
- Research Center for Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Chen
- Research Center for Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lianxia Guo
- Research Center for Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fangjun Yu
- Research Center for Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cui Zhou
- Research Center for Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiman Xu
- Research Center for Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baojian Wu
- Research Center for Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Rius-Pérez S, Pérez S, Torres-Cuevas I, Martí-Andrés P, Taléns-Visconti R, Paradela A, Guerrero L, Franco L, López-Rodas G, Torres L, Corrales F, Sastre J. Blockade of the trans-sulfuration pathway in acute pancreatitis due to nitration of cystathionine β-synthase. Redox Biol 2019; 28:101324. [PMID: 31539805 PMCID: PMC6811996 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis is an inflammatory process of the pancreatic gland that may lead to dysregulation of the trans-sulfuration pathway. The aims of this work were firstly to study the methionine cycle as well as the trans-sulfuration pathway using metabolomic and proteomic approaches identifying the causes of this dysregulation in an experimental model of acute pancreatitis; and secondly to reveal the effects of S-adenosylmethionine administration on these pathways. Acute pancreatitis was induced by cerulein in mice, and a group of animals received S-adenosylmethionine treatment. Cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis rapidly caused marked depletion of methionine, S-adenosylmethionine, 5′-methylthioadenosine, cystathionine, cysteine, and glutathione levels in pancreas, but S-adenosylhomocysteine and homocysteine remained unchanged. Protein steady-state levels of S-adenosylhomocysteine-hydrolase and cystathionine gamma-lyase diminished but methylthioadenosine phosphorylase levels increased in pancreas with acute pancreatitis. Although cystathionine β-synthase protein levels did not change with acute pancreatitis, Nos2 mRNA and protein levels were markedly up-regulated and caused tyrosine nitration of cystathionine β-synthase in pancreas. S-adenosylmethionine administration enhanced Nos2 mRNA expression and cystathionine β-synthase nitration and triggered homocysteine accumulation in acute pancreatitis. Furthermore, S-adenosylmethionine administration promoted enrichment of the euchromatin marker H3K4me3 in the promoters of Tnf-α, Il-6, and Nos2 and enhanced the mRNA up-regulation of these genes. Accordingly, S-adenosylmethionine administration increased inflammatory infiltrate and edema in pancreas with acute pancreatitis. In conclusion, tyrosine-nitration of cystathionine β-synthase blockades the trans-sulfuration pathway in acute pancreatitis promoting homocysteine accumulation upon S-adenosylmethionine treatment. Acute pancreatitis induces nitration of cystathionine β-synthase (CBS). CBS nitration blockades the trans-sulfuration pathway in acute pancreatitis. SAM treatment enhances CBS nitration leading to homocysteine accumulation in pancreatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Rius-Pérez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Salvador Pérez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Pablo Martí-Andrés
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Raquel Taléns-Visconti
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alberto Paradela
- Proteomics Unit, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Guerrero
- Proteomics Unit, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Franco
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Valencia, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain; Institute of Health Research, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Gerardo López-Rodas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Valencia, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain; Institute of Health Research, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Luis Torres
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Valencia, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain; Institute of Health Research, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Fernando Corrales
- Proteomics Unit, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Sastre
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
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Ohishi T, Fujita T, Nishida T, Asukai M, Suzuki D, Sugiura K, Matsuyama Y. Factors Influencing Serum Homocysteine Levels in Postmenopausal Osteoporotic Females - Comparison to Urinary Collagen Crosslinks. Endocr Res 2019; 44:117-125. [PMID: 30760054 DOI: 10.1080/07435800.2019.1577892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: The correlation between serum levels of homocysteine and bone mineral density remains controversial. The aim of this study was to identify the potential factors associated with the levels of serum total homocysteine (S-Hcy) and urinary N-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (U-NTX) in female osteoporotic patients. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 163 female osteoporotic patients, aged between 48 and 91 years, who had never been treated with anti-osteoporosis therapy. Background data including spine and hip bone mineral density, ongoing therapy for the metabolic disease, aortic calcification score as evaluated by lateral lumbar X-ray film, and recent fragility fracture history were obtained. S-Hcy, U-NTX levels, and creatinine clearance were measured. Results: Multiple linear regression analysis revealed a significant correlation between S-Hcy levels and aortic calcification score (p = 0.022), creatinine clearance (p = 0.004), and recent fracture history (within 1 year after fracture) (p = 0.028); conversely, U-NTX levels correlated significantly with total hip bone mineral density (p < 0.0001) and recent fracture history (p = 0.0007). Conclusions: S-Hcy levels had no correlation with bone mineral density, but were associated with the degree of aortic calcification, renal function, and fracture events. These confounding factors should be taken into consideration when the relationship between S-Hcy and bone mineral density is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Ohishi
- a Department of Orthopedic Surgery , Enshu Hospital , Hamamatsu, Shizuoka , Japan
| | - Tomotada Fujita
- a Department of Orthopedic Surgery , Enshu Hospital , Hamamatsu, Shizuoka , Japan
| | - Tatsuya Nishida
- a Department of Orthopedic Surgery , Enshu Hospital , Hamamatsu, Shizuoka , Japan
| | - Mitsuru Asukai
- b Department of Orthopedic Surgery , Shizuoka Municipal Hospital , Shizuoka , Japan
| | - Daisuke Suzuki
- c Suzuki Orthopedic Sports Clinic , Hamamatsu, Shizuoka , Japan
| | - Kaori Sugiura
- d Department of Orthopedic Surgery , Hamamatsu University School of Medicine , Hamamatsu, Shizuoka , Japan
| | - Yukihiro Matsuyama
- d Department of Orthopedic Surgery , Hamamatsu University School of Medicine , Hamamatsu, Shizuoka , Japan
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Gong R, Li XY, Chen HJ, Xu CC, Fang HY, Xiang J, Wu YQ. Role of heat shock protein 22 in the protective effect of geranylgeranylacetone in response to oxidized-LDL. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2019; 13:2619-2632. [PMID: 31534311 PMCID: PMC6680084 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s209598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Objective The aim was to investigate the role and potential mechanism of geranylgeranylacetone (GGA) in the development of atherosclerosis, and to explore the role of heat shock protein 22 (HSP22) in mediating GGA effect. Methods Human coronary artery endothelial cell (HCAEC) was used for in vitro study. RNA interference was applied to suppress HSP22 in the cells. Cellular apoptosis and intracellular level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected by flow cytometer, and proteins of HSP22, NF-κB, eNOS, and ICAM-1 were assessed by immunoblotting. HSP22-/-//ApoE-/-, and HSP22+/+//ApoE-/- mice were used to investigate the effect of GGA in the animal model of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerotic lesion of the mice aortas was evaluated by Oil Red O staining and H&E staining. Results GGA significantly inhibited HCAEC apoptosis in response to oxidized-LDL (ox-LDL), but stimulated HSP22 synthesis in the cells. Transfection of HSP22-siRNA in the cells resulted in complete blockage of the GGA effect on apoptosis. GGA also significantly inhibited ROS, NF-κB, and ICAM-1 in the cells transfected control siRNA, but not in the cells transfected with HSP22-siRNA. Atherosclerotic plaque in the aorta was significantly less in the wild type (WT) animals treated with GGA as stained either by Oil Red O or by H&E staining, but not in the HSP22-KO mice. GGA significantly inhibited expression of NF-κB and ICAM-1 in the WT mice, but not in the HSP22-KO mice. Conclusion GGA-induced HSP22, and inhibited ox-LDL-induced apoptosis as well as expression of NF-κB and ICAM-1 in the HCAECs. GGA also attenuated formation of atherosclerotic plaques in mice aorta. Suppression of HSP22 by siRNA resulted in blockage of the GGA inhibition on apoptosis or stimulation on NF-κB and ICAM-1. These findings suggested that GGA protects endothelial cells from injury in response to ox-LDL and block atherosclerotic development in mice aorta through induction of HSP22.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren Gong
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi-Yong Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Huai-Jing Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Baoan Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong-Cong Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Yang Fang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Xiang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Qing Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
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Lemoine M, Grangé S, Guerrot D. [Kidney disease in cobalamin C deficiency]. Nephrol Ther 2019; 15:201-214. [PMID: 31130431 DOI: 10.1016/j.nephro.2019.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cobalamin C deficiency (cblC) is the most common inborn error of vitamin B12 metabolism. This autosomal recessive disease is due to mutations in MMACHC gene, encoding a cyanocobalamin decyanase. It leads to hyperhomocysteinemia associated with hypomethioninemia and methylmalonic aciduria. Two distinct phenotypes have been described : early-onset forms occur before the age of one year and are characterized by a severe multisystem disease associating failure to thrive to neurological and ophthalmological manifestations. They are opposed to late-onset forms, less severe and heterogeneous. CblC deficiency-associated kidney lesions remain poorly defined. Thirty-eight cases have been described. Age at initial presentation varied from a few days to 28 years. Most of the patients presented renal thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) associated with acute renal failure, and 21 patients presented typical lesions of renal thrombotic microangiopathy on kidney biopsy. Prognosis was poor, leading to death in the absence of treatment, and related to the severity of renal lesions in the early-onset forms. Late-onset disease had better prognosis and most of patients were weaned off dialysis after treatment initiation. We suggest that all the patients with renal TMA be screened for cobalamin metabolism disorder, regardless of age and even in the absence of neurological symptoms, to rapidly initiate the appropriate treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Lemoine
- Service de néphrologie, dialyse et transplantation, CHU de Rouen, 1, rue de Germont, 76031 Rouen, France.
| | - Steven Grangé
- Service de réanimation médicale, CHU de Rouen, 1, rue de Germont, 76031 Rouen, France
| | - Dominique Guerrot
- Service de néphrologie, dialyse et transplantation, CHU de Rouen, 1, rue de Germont, 76031 Rouen, France; Inserm U1096, UFR médecine pharmacie, 22, boulevard Gambetta, 76183 Rouen, France
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48
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Fatahi S, Pezeshki M, Mousavi SM, Teymouri A, Rahmani J, Kord Varkaneh H, Ghaedi E. Effects of folic acid supplementation on C-reactive protein: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2019; 29:432-439. [PMID: 30940490 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Given the contradictory results of previous randomized controlled trials (RCTs), we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to quantify and summarize the effects of folic acid supplementation on C-reactive protein (CRP). METHODS AND RESULTS We performed a systematic search of all available RCTs conducted up to October 2018 in the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane. RCTs that investigated the effect of folate on CRP were included in the present study. Data were combined with the use of generic inverse-variance random-effects models. Statistical heterogeneity between studies was evaluated using Cochran's Q-test. Ten RCTs (1179 subjects) were included in the present meta-analysis. Pooled analysis results showed that folate supplementation significantly lowered the serum CRP level (weighted mean difference (WMD): -0.685 mg/l, 95% CI: -1.053, -0.318, p < 0.001). However, heterogeneity was significant (I2 = 96.7%, p = 0.000). Stratified analyses indicated that sex, intervention period, and type of study population were sources of heterogeneity. Following analysis, results revealed that the greatest impact was observed in women (WMD: -0.967 mg/l, 95% CI: -1.101, -0.833, p = 0.000), patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (WMD: -1.764 mg/l, 95% CI: -2.002, -1.526, p = 0.000), and intervention period less than 12 weeks (WMD: -0.742 mg/l, 95% CI: -0.834, -0.650, p = 0.000). CONCLUSION This meta-analysis suggested that folic acid supplementation could significantly lower the serum CRP level. Folic acid leads to greater CRP lowering effect in women, patients with T2DM, and those with less than 12-week intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Fatahi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Pezeshki
- Pharmacy department Iran Drug and Poisons Information Center (DPIC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - S M Mousavi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - A Teymouri
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - J Rahmani
- Student research committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition and dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - H Kord Varkaneh
- Student research committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition and dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - E Ghaedi
- Department of Cellular and molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Min KB, Min JY. Nasal colonization with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus associated with elevated homocysteine levels in the general US adults. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e15499. [PMID: 31045837 PMCID: PMC6504329 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000015499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the emergence of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) as a global health threat, understanding the risk factors for MRSA infection in the community may be a reasonable strategy to prevent it. We investigated the associations between serum homocysteine levels and prevalence of nasal colonization with S aureus and MRSA among United States adults. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of a nationally representative sample of 7832 adults (20 years or older). The main outcome variables were nasal colonization with S aureus and MRSA. Percentages of colonization with S aureus and MRSA were calculated by the quartiles of serum homocysteine. A total of 7832 of 2051 subjects (26.2%) were culture positive for S aureus, 98 (4.8%) of whom had nasal colonization with MRSA. In comparison with subjects having the lowest serum homocysteine, the odds of nasal colonization with MRSA were significantly higher in those with the highest homocysteine (odds ratio, 3.09; 95% confidence interval, 1.11-8.61) in multivariate analysis, adjusted for all confounding variables. By contrast, homocysteine elevation was not significantly associated with S aureus colonization. Nasal colonization with MRSA in the general community was significantly associated with increases in serum homocysteine levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung-Bok Min
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine
| | - Jin-Young Min
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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50
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Parmeggiani F, Gallenga CE, Costagliola C, Semeraro F, Romano MR, Dell'Omo R, Russo A, De Nadai K, Gemmati D, D'Angelo S, Bolletta E, Sorrentino FS. Impact of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T polymorphism on the efficacy of photodynamic therapy in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2614. [PMID: 30796269 PMCID: PMC6385217 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-38919-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The most severe visual impairments due to age-related macular degeneration (AMD) are frequently caused by the occurrence of choroidal neovascularization (CNV). Although photodynamic therapy with verteporfin (PDT-V) is currently a second-line treatment for neovascular AMD, it can be conveniently combined with drugs acting against vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) to reduce the healthcare burden associated with the growing necessity of anti-VEGF intravitreal re-injection. Because the common 677 C > T polymorphism of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene (MTHFR-C677T; rs1801133) has been described as predictor of satisfactory short-term responsiveness of AMD-related CNV to PDT-V, we retrospectively examined the outcomes of 371 Caucasian patients treated with standardized, pro-re-nata, photodynamic regimen for 24 months. Responder (R) and non-responder (NR) patients were distinguished on the basis of the total number of scheduled PDT-V (TN-PDT-V) and change of best-corrected visual acuity (∆-BCVA). The risk for both TN-PDT-V and ∆-BCVA to pass from R to NR group was strongly correlated with CT and TT genotypes of MTHFR-C677T variant resulting, respectively, in odd ratios of 0.19 [95% CI, 0.12-0.32] and 0.09 [95% CI, 0.04-0.21] (P < 0.001), and odd ratios of 0.24 [95% CI, 0.15-0.39] and 0.03 [95% CI, 0.01-0.11] (P < 0.001). These pharmacogenetic findings indicate a rational basis to optimize the future clinical application of PDT-V during the combined treatments of AMD-related CNV, highlighting the role of thrombophilia to be aware of the efficacy profile of photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Parmeggiani
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, 44121, Italy. .,Center for the Study of Inflammation of the University of Ferrara, Ferrara, 44121, Italy.
| | - Carla Enrica Gallenga
- Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, 44121, Italy
| | - Ciro Costagliola
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, 86100, Italy
| | - Francesco Semeraro
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, 25121, Italy
| | - Mario R Romano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, 20090, Italy
| | - Roberto Dell'Omo
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, 86100, Italy
| | - Andrea Russo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, 25121, Italy
| | - Katia De Nadai
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, 44121, Italy.,Center for Retinitis Pigmentosa of Veneto Region, Camposampiero Hospital, Azienda ULSS 6 Euganea, Padova, 35131, Italy
| | - Donato Gemmati
- Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, 44121, Italy
| | - Sergio D'Angelo
- Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, 44121, Italy
| | - Elena Bolletta
- Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, 44121, Italy
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