1
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Cadigan RJ, Ponsaran R, Rich C, Timmons J, Brothers KB, Goldenberg AJ. Supporting Stewardship: Funding, Utilization, and Sustainability as Ethical Concerns in Networked Biobanking. AJOB Empir Bioeth 2024:1-10. [PMID: 39250773 DOI: 10.1080/23294515.2024.2399533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The literature on the ethics of biobanking often overlooks the practical operations of biobanks. The ethics of stewardship requires that biobank resources are used to conduct beneficial science. Networked biobanks have emerged to increase the scientific benefit of biobank resources, but little is known about whether and how operations of networking may accomplish this goal. METHODS As part of a larger study on the ethical, legal, and social implications (ELSI) of networked biobanking, we conducted 38 interviews with representatives of 31 networked biobanks. Interviews explored operations of the networks. We used thematic analysis to examine how respondents describe three topics associated with stewarding biobank resources-funding, utilization, and sustainability. RESULTS Our results highlight that funding, utilization, and sustainability are critical not only to the operation of biobanks, but also to the ethical obligations that biobankers owe to stakeholders to steward the resources. Based on prior research, we hypothesized that respondents would describe networking as beneficial to increasing funding, utilization, and sustainability of the network. Respondents generally found value in networked biobanking, but networking did not necessarily increase funding, utilization, and sustainability. CONCLUSION The results presented here support inclusion of funding, utilization, and sustainability as topics of ethical concern in the practice of biobanking and networked biobanking. These issues are rooted in the stewardship obligations that biobankers feel to their partners, client investigators, and participants. The goal of promoting stewardship through networking requires significant time and effort to build governance models that honor the obligations of each individual biobank to their donors and advance the collective goals of the network. We conclude with suggestions offered by respondents to address improving these aspects of stewardship.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Jean Cadigan
- Department of Social Medicine, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Roselle Ponsaran
- Department of Bioethics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Carla Rich
- Norton Children's Research Institute Affiliated with the University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Josie Timmons
- Norton Children's Research Institute Affiliated with the University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Kyle B Brothers
- Norton Children's Research Institute Affiliated with the University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Aaron J Goldenberg
- Department of Bioethics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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2
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Rutter LA, Cope H, MacKay MJ, Herranz R, Das S, Ponomarev SA, Costes SV, Paul AM, Barker R, Taylor DM, Bezdan D, Szewczyk NJ, Muratani M, Mason CE, Giacomello S. Astronaut omics and the impact of space on the human body at scale. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4952. [PMID: 38862505 PMCID: PMC11166943 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47237-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Future multi-year crewed planetary missions will motivate advances in aerospace nutrition and telehealth. On Earth, the Human Cell Atlas project aims to spatially map all cell types in the human body. Here, we propose that a parallel Human Cell Space Atlas could serve as an openly available, global resource for space life science research. As humanity becomes increasingly spacefaring, high-resolution omics on orbit could permit an advent of precision spaceflight healthcare. Alongside the scientific potential, we consider the complex ethical, cultural, and legal challenges intrinsic to the human space omics discipline, and how philosophical frameworks may benefit from international perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay A Rutter
- Transborder Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, 305-8575, Tsukuba, Japan
- Department of Genome Biology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 305-8575, Tsukuba, Japan
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Henry Cope
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Derby, DE22 3DT, UK
| | - Matthew J MacKay
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- The HRH Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Bin Abdulaziz Alsaud Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA
- The WorldQuant Initiative for Quantitative Prediction, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Raúl Herranz
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas "Margarita Salas" (CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Saswati Das
- Department of Biochemistry, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences & Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, 110001, India
| | - Sergey A Ponomarev
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Institute for the Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, 123007, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sylvain V Costes
- Space Biosciences Division, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, 94035, USA
| | - Amber M Paul
- Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Department of Human Factors and Behavioral Neurobiology, Daytona Beach, FL, 32114, USA
| | - Richard Barker
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Deanne M Taylor
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Daniela Bezdan
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
- NGS Competence Center Tübingen (NCCT), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
- yuri GmbH, Meckenbeuren, 88074, Germany
| | - Nathaniel J Szewczyk
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Derby, DE22 3DT, UK
- Ohio Musculoskeletal and Neurological Institute (OMNI), Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA
| | - Masafumi Muratani
- Transborder Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, 305-8575, Tsukuba, Japan
- Department of Genome Biology, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 305-8575, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Christopher E Mason
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
- The HRH Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal Bin Abdulaziz Alsaud Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA.
- The WorldQuant Initiative for Quantitative Prediction, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
- The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
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3
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Moqri M, Herzog C, Poganik JR, Ying K, Justice JN, Belsky DW, Higgins-Chen AT, Chen BH, Cohen AA, Fuellen G, Hägg S, Marioni RE, Widschwendter M, Fortney K, Fedichev PO, Zhavoronkov A, Barzilai N, Lasky-Su J, Kiel DP, Kennedy BK, Cummings S, Slagboom PE, Verdin E, Maier AB, Sebastiano V, Snyder MP, Gladyshev VN, Horvath S, Ferrucci L. Validation of biomarkers of aging. Nat Med 2024; 30:360-372. [PMID: 38355974 PMCID: PMC11090477 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-023-02784-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The search for biomarkers that quantify biological aging (particularly 'omic'-based biomarkers) has intensified in recent years. Such biomarkers could predict aging-related outcomes and could serve as surrogate endpoints for the evaluation of interventions promoting healthy aging and longevity. However, no consensus exists on how biomarkers of aging should be validated before their translation to the clinic. Here, we review current efforts to evaluate the predictive validity of omic biomarkers of aging in population studies, discuss challenges in comparability and generalizability and provide recommendations to facilitate future validation of biomarkers of aging. Finally, we discuss how systematic validation can accelerate clinical translation of biomarkers of aging and their use in gerotherapeutic clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Moqri
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Chiara Herzog
- European Translational Oncology Prevention and Screening Institute, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jesse R Poganik
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kejun Ying
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jamie N Justice
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Daniel W Belsky
- Department of Epidemiology, Butler Columbia Aging Center, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Brian H Chen
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Alan A Cohen
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Butler Columbia Aging Center, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Georg Fuellen
- Institute for Biostatistics and Informatics in Medicine and Ageing Research, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sara Hägg
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Riccardo E Marioni
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Martin Widschwendter
- European Translational Oncology Prevention and Screening Institute, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Women's Cancer, EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | | | - Nir Barzilai
- Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Jessica Lasky-Su
- Department of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Douglas P Kiel
- Musculoskeletal Research Center, Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research and Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brian K Kennedy
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Centre for Healthy Longevity, @AgeSingapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Steven Cummings
- San Francisco Coordinating Center, California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - P Eline Slagboom
- Section of Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Eric Verdin
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, USA
| | - Andrea B Maier
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Centre for Healthy Longevity, @AgeSingapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, @AgeAmsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Vittorio Sebastiano
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michael P Snyder
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Vadim N Gladyshev
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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4
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Patrinos D, Kleiderman E, Fraser W, Zawati MH. Developing Policy for the Healthy Life Trajectories Initiative: Going from National to International. Biopreserv Biobank 2023. [PMID: 37192471 DOI: 10.1089/bio.2022.0198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Scientific research is becoming an increasingly collaborative and global venture. The Healthy Life Trajectories Initiative (HeLTI), for instance, is an international Developmental Origins of Health and Disease research collaboration developed to address the increasing burden of noncommunicable diseases around the world. It comprises four separate but harmonized cohort trials in Canada, China, India, and South Africa. These cohorts will generate rich data and biosample sets that can be shared both within the HeLTI Consortium and with other researchers from around the world. Methods: To ensure the coordination and operation of these types of collaborative research initiatives, a standardized and harmonized governance model is required to regulate the processes and interactions between all involved actors. To develop the governance models, frameworks and related policies from other longitudinal cohort studies and biobanks were used, as were guidance documents on biobank and database governance and relevant literature on data and biobank governance. Results: This article outlines the key components of the governance model for the HeLTI Consortium, including management of the cohorts' respective databases and biobanks, access to data and biosamples, and considerations related to intellectual property and publications. Conclusion: Governance within international collaborative research ventures is critical to ensure the operations and benefits of these types of research apparatuses. Although this article focuses on the HeLTI Consortium as a model, it may nonetheless serve as a model for both current and future collaborative consortium-based research initiatives. Clinical Trial Registration Numbers: Canada, ISRCTN13308752; China, ChiCTR1800017773; India, ISRCTN20161479; South Africa, PACTR201903750173871.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitri Patrinos
- Centre of Genomics and Policy, Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Erika Kleiderman
- Centre of Genomics and Policy, Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - William Fraser
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ma'n H Zawati
- Centre of Genomics and Policy, Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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5
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Chandrashekar C, Shetty SS, Radhakrishnan R. Evolution of biobanks and ethical governance for the emerging applications in biomedical research. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2022; 26:433-439. [PMID: 37082047 PMCID: PMC10112073 DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_478_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The establishment of a biobank and effective utilization of the biological resources comes with lot of challenges which require operating processes and effective governance structure with public awareness. As biobank is an evolving field of data driven health-care research, guided strategies in line with the national and international statutory body regulations is important. A trustworthy governance is paramount in developing a sustainable way of establishing, maintaining and successful functioning of a biobank. This paper highlights the structure of biobank governance, challenges and processes of effective integration of governance strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chetana Chandrashekar
- Department of Oral Pathology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Smitha S. Shetty
- Department of Oral Pathology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Raghu Radhakrishnan
- Department of Oral Pathology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
- Academic Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine and Pathology, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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6
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Abstract
The past few decades have seen rapid increases in the size and scope of biobanks, with large-scale publicly funded ventures supporting health-related research becoming the norm. As these biobanks are increasingly asked to share their data, including for example, genome-wide analyses, questions arise about how such decisions are made, including whether applicants' research aligns with the aims of the biobank. To better understand how biobanks make decisions relating to their data use, we sought the views and experiences of those involved in decision-making relating to data access at 11 large-scale publicly funded health biobanks. We were particularly interested in how potentially contentious applications were approached. Interviewees had some concerns about decisions on applications they felt their governance structures could not reach. We ask broader questions about the responsibility of those involved in biobank access decisions-those working early in the research process-when considering such issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Samuel
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Anneke Lucassen
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Clinical Ethics, Law and Society (CELS) Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom
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7
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Iacomussi S, Casareto L, Locatelli M, Wang CM, Borroni S, Mascalzoni D, Sangiorgi L. Governance of Access in Biobanking: The Case of Telethon Network of Genetic Biobanks. Biopreserv Biobank 2021; 19:483-492. [PMID: 34870481 DOI: 10.1089/bio.2021.0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The discussion concerning the measure of the quality of a biobank should focus not only on the number of stored samples and their quality but also on the assessment of their access arrangements and governance. This article aims at contributing to the ongoing debate on samples and data access governance in biobanking by presenting the case of the Telethon Network of Genetic Biobanks (TNGB). We attempt to contribute to the need for clear and available access criteria and harmonization in access arrangements to maximize the influence of biobanks in the progress of biomedical research. We reviewed all the sample requests submitted to the TNGB from 2008 to 2020, focusing on those rejected by the Access Committee and the reasons behind the rejections. The analysis of the reasons behind the rejected requests allowed us to analyze how those relate to the issues of scientific misconduct, prioritization, and noncompliance with the biobank's mission. We discuss those issues in light of the actions and motivations used by TNGB in the access decision-making process. Based on this analysis, we suggest that a cross-implementation of a checklist for access assessment would improve the whole access process, ensuring a more transparent and smoother governance. Finally, we conclude that the TNGB's Charter and approach toward access governance could contribute as an important reference point to deal with the issues that have emerged in the international discussion on the topic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lorena Casareto
- Department of Rare Skeletal Disorders, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Manuela Locatelli
- Department of Rare Skeletal Disorders, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Simona Borroni
- Gruppo Famiglie Dravet Associazione Onlus, Milano, Italy
| | - Deborah Mascalzoni
- Istituto di Biomedicina, Eurac Research, Bolzano, Italy.,Centro di Biomedicina, Department of Public Health, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Luca Sangiorgi
- Department of Rare Skeletal Disorders, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
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8
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Bell J, Prictor M, Davenport L, O'Brien L, Wake M. Digital Mega-Studies as a New Research Paradigm: Governing the Health Research of the Future. J Empir Res Hum Res Ethics 2021; 16:344-355. [PMID: 34498950 DOI: 10.1177/15562646211041492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
'Digital Mega-Studies' are entirely or extensively digitised, longitudinal, population-scale initiatives, collecting, storing, and making available individual-level research data of different types and from multiple sources, shaped by technological developments and unforeseeable risks over time. The Australian 'Gen V' project exemplifies this new research paradigm. In 2019, we undertook a multidisciplinary, multi-stakeholder process to map Digital Mega-Studies' key characteristics, legal and governance challenges and likely solutions. We conducted large and small group processes within a one-day symposium and directed online synthesis and group prioritisation over subsequent weeks. We present our methods (including elicitation, affinity mapping and prioritisation processes) and findings, proposing six priority governance principles across three areas-data, participation, trust-to support future high-quality, large-scale digital research in health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Bell
- Melbourne Law School, 90147University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia.,School of Law, 2707University of Warwick, Coventry, West Midlands, UK
| | - Megan Prictor
- Melbourne Law School, 90147University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lauren Davenport
- 34361Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia
| | - Lynda O'Brien
- 34361Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia
| | - Melissa Wake
- 34361Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Liggins Institute, 1415University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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9
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Igumbor JO, Bosire EN, Vicente-Crespo M, Igumbor EU, Olalekan UA, Chirwa TF, Kinyanjui SM, Kyobutungi C, Fonn S. Considerations for an integrated population health databank in Africa: lessons from global best practices. Wellcome Open Res 2021; 6:214. [PMID: 35224211 PMCID: PMC8844538 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.17000.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The rising digitisation and proliferation of data sources and repositories cannot be ignored. This trend expands opportunities to integrate and share population health data. Such platforms have many benefits, including the potential to efficiently translate information arising from such data to evidence needed to address complex global health challenges. There are pockets of quality data on the continent that may benefit from greater integration. Integration of data sources is however under-explored in Africa. The aim of this article is to identify the requirements and provide practical recommendations for developing a multi-consortia public and population health data-sharing framework for Africa. Methods: We conducted a narrative review of global best practices and policies on data sharing and its optimisation. We searched eight databases for publications and undertook an iterative snowballing search of articles cited in the identified publications. The Leximancer software © enabled content analysis and selection of a sample of the most relevant articles for detailed review. Themes were developed through immersion in the extracts of selected articles using inductive thematic analysis. We also performed interviews with public and population health stakeholders in Africa to gather their experiences, perceptions, and expectations of data sharing. Results: Our findings described global stakeholder experiences on research data sharing. We identified some challenges and measures to harness available resources and incentivise data sharing. We further highlight progress made by the different groups in Africa and identified the infrastructural requirements and considerations when implementing data sharing platforms. Furthermore, the review suggests key reforms required, particularly in the areas of consenting, privacy protection, data ownership, governance, and data access. Conclusions: The findings underscore the critical role of inclusion, social justice, public good, data security, accountability, legislation, reciprocity, and mutual respect in developing a responsive, ethical, durable, and integrated research data sharing ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jude O. Igumbor
- School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Gauteng, 2193, South Africa
| | - Edna N. Bosire
- School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Gauteng, 2193, South Africa
| | - Marta Vicente-Crespo
- School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Gauteng, 2193, South Africa
- African Population and Health Research Centre, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Ehimario U. Igumbor
- Nigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, Nigeria
- School of Public Health, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Uthman A. Olalekan
- Warwick-Centre for Applied Health Research and Delivery (WCAHRD), Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Tobias F. Chirwa
- School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Gauteng, 2193, South Africa
| | | | | | - Sharon Fonn
- School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Gauteng, 2193, South Africa
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10
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Heilbron K, Mozaffari SV, Vacic V, Yue P, Wang W, Shi J, Jubb AM, Pitts SJ, Wang X. Advancing drug discovery using the power of the human genome. J Pathol 2021; 254:418-429. [PMID: 33748968 PMCID: PMC8251523 DOI: 10.1002/path.5664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Human genetics plays an increasingly important role in drug development and population health. Here we review the history of human genetics in the context of accelerating the discovery of therapies, present examples of how human genetics evidence supports successful drug targets, and discuss how polygenic risk scores could be beneficial in various clinical settings. We highlight the value of direct-to-consumer platforms in the era of fast-paced big data biotechnology, and how diverse genetic and health data can benefit society. © 2021 23andMe, Inc. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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11
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Petersen C. User-focused data sharing agreements: a foundation for the genomic future. JAMIA Open 2020; 2:402-406. [PMID: 32025634 PMCID: PMC6993993 DOI: 10.1093/jamiaopen/ooz043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Data sharing agreements that clearly describe what individuals are agreeing to and what responsibilities data stewards will undertake are crucial for the establishment, maintenance, and flourishing of genomic datasets. To optimize genomic data resources, researchers, care professionals, and informaticians must regard system design, user objectives, and environmental considerations through users' eyes, identifying fundamental values on which to build and potential barriers to success that must be avoided. Design of agreements that promote desired data sharing and protect valuable data resources as necessary begins with a review of user interests and concerns. Nontraditional approaches for informed consent (eg, abbreviated informed consent, electronic informed consent, and dynamic consent) can facilitate achievement of data donors' privacy-related goals while making data available to researchers. Transparency in individual-researcher interactions, recognition and accommodation of cultural differences, and identification of shared needs and goals create a foundation for data sharing agreements that work over short and long terms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn Petersen
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Global Business Solutions, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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12
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Benefits and barriers in the design of harmonized access agreements for international data sharing. Sci Data 2019; 6:297. [PMID: 31792275 PMCID: PMC6889499 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-019-0310-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past decade, there has been a surge in the number of sensitive human genomic and health datasets available to researchers via Data Access Agreements (DAAs) and managed by Data Access Committees (DACs). As this form of sharing increases, so do the challenges of achieving a reasonable level of data protection, particularly in the context of international data sharing. Here, we consider how excessive variation across DAAs can hinder these goals, and suggest a core set of clauses that could prove useful in future attempts to harmonize data governance.
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13
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Tai CG, Harris-Wai J, Schaefer C, Liljestrand P, Somkin CP. Multiple Stakeholder Views on Data Sharing in a Biobank in an Integrated Healthcare Delivery System: Implications for Biobank Governance. Public Health Genomics 2019; 21:207-216. [PMID: 31167204 DOI: 10.1159/000500442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Beginning in 2005, researchers at Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC) Division of Research developed the Research Program on Genes, Environment, and Health (RPGEH), a research resource of linked biospecimens, health surveys, and electronic health records on more than 200,000 adult KPNC members. This study examined multiple stakeholders' values and preferences regarding protection of participants' privacy and wide sharing of participant data by RPGEH. METHODS We conducted 45 semi-structured interviews in person or via phone and two focus groups with seven stakeholder groups, including RPGEH participants and decliners who are KPNC members, KPNC research scientists, external scientists, leadership, Human Subjects Research Protection Program staff, and RPGEH Community Advisory Panel members. RESULTS Three major themes emerged related to: (1) perceived individual and social harms associated with data sharing; (2) concerns to address when governing access to RPGEH data; and (3) impact of a blurred boundary between research and clinical care in the context of biobanking. CONCLUSIONS The study results were considered in the development of RPGEH data governance and motivated the inclusion of KPNC Community Advisory Panel members and ELSI experts on committees that evaluate data access proposals. Our findings can help inform other biobanks going through similar processes developing data sharing and access policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline G Tai
- Institute for Health and Aging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Julie Harris-Wai
- Institute for Health and Aging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.,Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, USA
| | - Catherine Schaefer
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, USA
| | - Petra Liljestrand
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, USA
| | - Carol P Somkin
- Institute for Health and Aging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA, .,Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, USA,
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14
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Simell BA, Törnwall OM, Hämäläinen I, Wichmann HE, Anton G, Brennan P, Bouvard L, Slimani N, Moskal A, Gunter M, Zatloukal K, Minion JT, Soini S, Mayrhofer MT, Murtagh MJ, van Ommen GJ, Johansson M, Perola M. Transnational access to large prospective cohorts in Europe: Current trends and unmet needs. N Biotechnol 2019; 49:98-103. [PMID: 30342241 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Biobank samples and data from studies of large prospective cohorts (LPC) represent an invaluable resource for health research. Efficient sharing and pooling of samples and data is a central pre-requisite for new advances in biomedical science. This requirement, however, is not compatible with the present scattered and traditional access governance structures, where legal and ethical frameworks often form an obstacle for effective sharing. Moreover, the EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) is demanding increasingly rigorous administration from all those organisations processing personal data. The BBMRI-LPC project (Biobanking and Biomolecular Research Infrastructure - Large Prospective Cohorts) assembled 21 LPCs from 10 countries and two EU-wide multinational cohort networks with a key objective to promote collaborative innovative transnational research proposed by external researchers on the broad field of common chronic diseases, and analyze the gaps and needs involved. BBMRI-LPC organized three scientific calls to offer European investigators an opportunity to gain free of charge transnational access to research material available in the participating cohorts. A total of 11 high-quality research proposals involving multiple prospective cohorts were granted, and the access process in the individual projects carefully monitored. Divergent access governance structures, complex legal and ethical frameworks and heterogeneous procedures were identified as currently constituting substantial obstacles for sample and data transfer in Europe. To optimize the scientific value and use of these research resources, practical solutions for more streamlined access governance in collaborative projects are urgently needed. A number of infrastructure developments could be made to improve time-efficiency in access provision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgit A Simell
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, Biomedicum 2U, Tukholmankati 8, 00290, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Outi M Törnwall
- Biobanking and Biomolecular Resources Research Infrastructure, European Research Infrastructure Consortium (BBMRI-ERIC), Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 2/B/6 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Iiro Hämäläinen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, Biomedicum 2U, Tukholmankati 8, 00290, Helsinki, Finland; National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Biomedicum 1, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
| | - H-Erich Wichmann
- Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Institute of Epidemiology, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilians University, Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1, 80539, Munich, Germany; Institute of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Technical University Munich, Arcisstraße 21, 80333, Munich, Germany
| | - Gabriele Anton
- Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Institute of Epidemiology, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Technical University Munich, Arcisstraße 21, 80333, Munich, Germany
| | - Paul Brennan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon CEDEX 08, France
| | - Laurene Bouvard
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon CEDEX 08, France
| | - Nadia Slimani
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon CEDEX 08, France
| | - Aurelie Moskal
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon CEDEX 08, France
| | - Marc Gunter
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon CEDEX 08, France; Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Kurt Zatloukal
- Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerpl. 2, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Sirpa Soini
- National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Biomedicum 1, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Michaela T Mayrhofer
- Biobanking and Biomolecular Resources Research Infrastructure, European Research Infrastructure Consortium (BBMRI-ERIC), Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 2/B/6 8010 Graz, Austria
| | | | - Gert-Jan van Ommen
- Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Mattias Johansson
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69372, Lyon CEDEX 08, France
| | - Markus Perola
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, Biomedicum 2U, Tukholmankati 8, 00290, Helsinki, Finland; National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Biomedicum 1, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290, Helsinki, Finland; University of Tartu, Estonian Genome Center, Riia 23b, 51010, Tartu, Estonia
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15
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Langhof H, Schwietering J, Strech D. Practice evaluation of biobank ethics and governance: current needs and future perspectives. J Med Genet 2018; 56:176-185. [PMID: 30464052 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2018-105617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biobank research faces many ethical challenges. Ethics research aims to develop standards for governance to meet these challenges by elaborating overarching normative principles of medical ethics in the context of biobanking. Most ethical standards are widely agreed on among biobank stakeholders and entail specific governance solutions, for example, adoption of consent procedures. In order to fully meet its goal, every governance solution needs to be implemented, evaluated and, if necessary, adapted and improved in practice. This study reviews the scientific literature on biobank ethics and governance in order to identify studies that specifically focus on practice evaluation of biobank governance. METHODS A PubMed search was carried out. Retrieved literature was categorised and thematically clustered. All studies that focus on practice evaluation were reviewed and their objectives, results, and recommendations for practice summarised. RESULTS The findings show that the majority of studies on biobank ethics and governance are theoretical; only 25 out of 922 studies empirically evaluate biobank governance in practice. The majority of these (14; 59%) focused on informed consent. Six studies (24%) addressed practice evaluation of sample and data access; the rest focused on public involvement, ethics reporting and incidental findings. Other relevant governance areas such as ethics review, priority setting and sample ownership were not addressed. CONCLUSION In order to fulfil the ethical goals, more empirical research is needed that provides information on how governance mechanisms perform in practice and what improvements are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger Langhof
- Charité - University Medicine Berlin, QUEST - Center for Transforming Biomedical Research, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany.,Institute for History, Ethics and Philosophy of Medicine, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Johannes Schwietering
- Institute for History, Ethics and Philosophy of Medicine, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
| | - Daniel Strech
- Charité - University Medicine Berlin, QUEST - Center for Transforming Biomedical Research, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany.,Institute for History, Ethics and Philosophy of Medicine, Hannover Medical School (MHH), Hannover, Germany
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16
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Kaye J, Terry SF, Juengst E, Coy S, Harris JR, Chalmers D, Dove ES, Budin-Ljøsne I, Adebamowo C, Ogbe E, Bezuidenhout L, Morrison M, Minion JT, Murtagh MJ, Minari J, Teare H, Isasi R, Kato K, Rial-Sebbag E, Marshall P, Koenig B, Cambon-Thomsen A. Including all voices in international data-sharing governance. Hum Genomics 2018. [PMID: 29514717 PMCID: PMC5842530 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-018-0143-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Governments, funding bodies, institutions, and publishers have developed a number of strategies to encourage researchers to facilitate access to datasets. The rationale behind this approach is that this will bring a number of benefits and enable advances in healthcare and medicine by allowing the maximum returns from the investment in research, as well as reducing waste and promoting transparency. As this approach gains momentum, these data-sharing practices have implications for many kinds of research as they become standard practice across the world. Main text The governance frameworks that have been developed to support biomedical research are not well equipped to deal with the complexities of international data sharing. This system is nationally based and is dependent upon expert committees for oversight and compliance, which has often led to piece-meal decision-making. This system tends to perpetuate inequalities by obscuring the contributions and the important role of different data providers along the data stream, whether they be low- or middle-income country researchers, patients, research participants, groups, or communities. As research and data-sharing activities are largely publicly funded, there is a strong moral argument for including the people who provide the data in decision-making and to develop governance systems for their continued participation. Conclusions We recommend that governance of science becomes more transparent, representative, and responsive to the voices of many constituencies by conducting public consultations about data-sharing addressing issues of access and use; including all data providers in decision-making about the use and sharing of data along the whole of the data stream; and using digital technologies to encourage accessibility, transparency, and accountability. We anticipate that this approach could enhance the legitimacy of the research process, generate insights that may otherwise be overlooked or ignored, and help to bring valuable perspectives into the decision-making around international data sharing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Kaye
- Centre for Health Law and Emerging Technologies, NDPH, University of Oxford, Ewert House, Ewert Place, Summertown, Oxford, OX2 7DD, UK. .,Melbourne Law School, University of Melbourne, 185 Pelham Street, Carlton, Victoria, 3053, Australia.
| | - Sharon F Terry
- Genetic Alliance USA, 4301 Connecticut Ave NW, Suite 404, Washington DC, 20008-2369, USA
| | - Eric Juengst
- Center for Bioethics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 333 McNider Hall, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599-7240, USA
| | - Sarah Coy
- Centre for Health Law and Emerging Technologies, NDPH, University of Oxford, Ewert House, Ewert Place, Summertown, Oxford, OX2 7DD, UK
| | - Jennifer R Harris
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404, Nydalen, 0403, Oslo, Norway
| | - Don Chalmers
- Faculty of Law, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 89, Hobart, Tasmania, 7001, Australia
| | - Edward S Dove
- School of Law, University of Edinburgh, Old College, South Bridge, Edinburgh, EH8 9YL, UK
| | - Isabelle Budin-Ljøsne
- Cohort Studies, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404, Nydalen, 0403, Oslo, Norway
| | - Clement Adebamowo
- Center for Bioethics and Research, Ibadan, Nigeria.,Institute of Human Virology Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria.,Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center and Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 725 W. Lombard St. Suite 445, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Emilomo Ogbe
- International Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Gent, De Pintepark II, De Pintelaan 185, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Louise Bezuidenhout
- Institute for Science, Innovation and Society, University of Oxford, 64 Banbury Road, Oxford, OX2 6PN, UK
| | - Michael Morrison
- Centre for Health Law and Emerging Technologies, NDPH, University of Oxford, Ewert House, Ewert Place, Summertown, Oxford, OX2 7DD, UK
| | - Joel T Minion
- Policy, Ethics and Life Sciences (PEALS) Research Centre, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Madeleine J Murtagh
- Policy, Ethics and Life Sciences (PEALS) Research Centre, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Jusaku Minari
- Uehiro Research Division for iPS Cell Ethics, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Harriet Teare
- Centre for Health Law and Emerging Technologies, NDPH, University of Oxford, Ewert House, Ewert Place, Summertown, Oxford, OX2 7DD, UK.,Melbourne Law School, University of Melbourne, 185 Pelham Street, Carlton, Victoria, 3053, Australia
| | - Rosario Isasi
- Institute for Bioethics and Health Policy, Department of Human Genetics, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1501 NW 10th Avenue, Biomedical Research Building (BRB) Room 361, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Kazuto Kato
- Department of Biomedical Ethics and Public Policy, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Emmanuelle Rial-Sebbag
- National Institute for Research and Health (Inserm), UMR 1027 Inserm, Toulouse University, 37 allées Jules Guesde, 31000, Toulouse, France
| | - Patricia Marshall
- Department of Bioethics, School of Medicine, TA200, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106-4976, USA
| | - Barbara Koenig
- UCSF School of Nursing, Institute for Health and Aging, University of California, San Francisco, 3333 Calif. St, Laurel Heights, San Francisco, CA, 94118, USA
| | - Anne Cambon-Thomsen
- CNRS, Toulouse, France; Joint research unit on epidemiology and public health, Inserm (National Institute for Health and Medical Research) and University Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
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17
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Laurie G. What Does It Mean to Take an Ethics+ Approach to Global Biobank Governance? Asian Bioeth Rev 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s41649-017-0030-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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18
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Biobanking: towards increased access of biomaterials in cystic fibrosis. Report on the pre-conference meeting to the 13th ECFS Basic Science Conference, Pisa, 30 March-2 April, 2016. J Cyst Fibros 2017; 16:616-621. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2017.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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19
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Shabani M, Dove ES, Murtagh M, Knoppers BM, Borry P. Oversight of Genomic Data Sharing: What Roles for Ethics and Data Access Committees? Biopreserv Biobank 2017; 15:469-474. [PMID: 28836815 DOI: 10.1089/bio.2017.0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Discussions regarding responsible genomic data sharing often center around ethical and legal issues such as the consent, privacy, and confidentiality of individuals, families, and communities. To ensure the ethical grounds of genomic data sharing, oversight by both research ethics and Data Access Committees (DACs) across the research lifecycle is warranted. In this article, we review these oversight practices and argue that they reveal a compelling need to clarify the scope of ethical considerations by oversight bodies and to delineate core elements such as "objectionable" data uses. Ethical oversight of genomic data sharing would be considerably improved if the relevant ethical considerations by research ethics and DACs were coordinated. We therefore suggest several mechanisms to achieve greater clarification of ethical considerations by these committees, as well as greater communication and coordination between both to ensure robust and sustained ethical oversight of genomic data sharing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Shabani
- 1 Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Center for Biomedical Ethics and Law, University of Leuven , Leuven, Belgium
| | - Edward S Dove
- 2 J. Kenyon Mason Institute for Medicine, Life Sciences and the Law, School of Law, University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Madeleine Murtagh
- 3 School of Population and Health Sciences, University of Newcastle , Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | | | - Pascal Borry
- 1 Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Center for Biomedical Ethics and Law, University of Leuven , Leuven, Belgium
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20
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Kaye J, Briceño Moraia L, Curren L, Bell J, Mitchell C, Soini S, Hoppe N, Øien M, Rial-Sebbag E. Consent for Biobanking: The Legal Frameworks of Countries in the BioSHaRE-EU Project. Biopreserv Biobank 2016; 14:195-200. [PMID: 27145287 PMCID: PMC5967579 DOI: 10.1089/bio.2015.0123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, there is no single, Europe-wide regulation of biomedical research using human samples and data. Instead, the law that applies spans a number of areas of law, such as data protection, clinical trials, and tissue regulation. In the absence of harmonized regulation, there is considerable scope for national legal variation. This article analyzes the legislative frameworks that apply to biobanking activities to identify differences in legal requirements between the BioSHaRE-EU project countries: Finland, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Norway, and the United Kingdom. This article highlights the primary role of consent and accompanying governance mechanisms, such as research ethics committee oversight, which enable consent exemptions in the context of research. Our analysis identifies a complicated legal landscape, whereby broadly similar provisions are contained in varied sources of law in each jurisdiction. The challenge for researchers is locating the applicable legal provisions within each national legal framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Kaye
- HeLEX Centre for Health, Law and Emerging Technologies, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Linda Briceño Moraia
- HeLEX Centre for Health, Law and Emerging Technologies, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Liam Curren
- HeLEX Centre for Health, Law and Emerging Technologies, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jessica Bell
- HeLEX Centre for Health, Law and Emerging Technologies, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Colin Mitchell
- HeLEX Centre for Health, Law and Emerging Technologies, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sirpa Soini
- Academic Medical Centre of Helsinki (AMCH) Biobank, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nils Hoppe
- CELLS—Centre for Ethics and Law in the Life Sciences, Leibniz, Universitaet Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Morten Øien
- NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Emmanuelle Rial-Sebbag
- INSERM UMR 1027 Département d'épidémiologie et de santé publique, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paul Sabatier—Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
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