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Kim G, Khan RA, Tai Y, Shahsavarani S, Husain FT. Gray matter volumetric changes in tinnitus: The impact of hearing loss and severity. Brain Res 2024:149264. [PMID: 39369776 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 09/12/2024] [Accepted: 10/03/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
Tinnitus is a phantom auditory sensation that commonly co-occurs with hearing loss. Both tinnitus and hearing loss can impact the quality of life, emotional well-being, and cognitive functioning of the affected individuals. While previous studies have highlighted structural alterations in hearing loss and/or tinnitus, the fundamental neural mechanisms underpinning tinnitus severity remain poorly understood. In this study, we conducted a voxel-based morphometry to investigate gray matter (GM) volume differences among groups of participants with varying tinnitus severity and hearing status, and controls within a large sample. We observed reduced GM volume in the left anterior insula and right planum polare in participants with hearing loss, regardless of their tinnitus status, compared to normal hearing controls. We noted decreased GM volume in the bilateral anterior and posterior insula for those with tinnitus and normal hearing compared to a normal hearing control group. Further, the tinnitus with hearing loss group showed decreased GM volume in the left planum polare, left inferior temporal gyrus, bilateral anterior temporal gyri, and right superior frontal gyrus compared to the normal hearing control group, suggesting a combined effect of hearing loss and tinnitus. While tinnitus severity did not show a significant overall effect, there was a significant positive correlation between tinnitus distress and GM volume in bilateral planum polare. Our findings enhance the understanding of structural brain changes related to hearing loss and tinnitus, and advance the overall knowledge of tinnitus pathophysiology, which can contribute to the development of more effective treatments for tinnitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gibbeum Kim
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, United States; Department of Speech and Hearing Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, United States
| | - Rafay A Khan
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, United States; Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, United States
| | - Yihsin Tai
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, United States; Department of Speech and Hearing Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, United States; Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, Ball State University, Muncie, IN 47306, United States
| | - Somayeh Shahsavarani
- Department of Speech and Hearing Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, United States; Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, United States; Department of Audiology, San Jose State University, San Jose, CA 95192, United States
| | - Fatima T Husain
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, United States; Department of Speech and Hearing Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, United States; Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, United States.
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Funk AT, Hassan AAO, Waugh JL. In Humans, Insulo-striate Structural Connectivity is Largely Biased Toward Either Striosome-like or Matrix-like Striatal Compartments. Neurosci Insights 2024; 19:26331055241268079. [PMID: 39280330 PMCID: PMC11402065 DOI: 10.1177/26331055241268079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The insula is an integral component of sensory, motor, limbic, and executive functions, and insular dysfunction is associated with numerous human neuropsychiatric disorders. Insular efferents project widely, but insulo-striate projections are especially numerous. The targets of these insulo-striate projections are organized into tissue compartments, the striosome and matrix. These striatal compartments have distinct embryologic origins, afferent and efferent connectivity, dopamine pharmacology, and susceptibility to injury. Striosome and matrix appear to occupy separate sets of cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical loops, so a bias in insulo-striate projections toward one compartment may also embed an insular subregion in distinct regulatory and functional networks. Compartment-specific mapping of insulo-striate structural connectivity is sparse; the insular subregions are largely unmapped for compartment-specific projections. In 100 healthy adults, diffusion tractography was utilized to map and quantify structural connectivity between 19 structurally-defined insular subregions and each striatal compartment. Insulo-striate streamlines that reached striosome-like and matrix-like voxels were concentrated in distinct insular zones (striosome: rostro- and caudoventral; matrix: caudodorsal) and followed different paths to reach the striatum. Though tractography was generated independently in each hemisphere, the spatial distribution and relative bias of striosome-like and matrix-like streamlines were highly similar in the left and right insula. 16 insular subregions were significantly biased toward 1 compartment: 7 toward striosome-like voxels and 9 toward matrix-like voxels. Striosome-favoring bundles had significantly higher streamline density, especially from rostroventral insular subregions. The biases in insulo-striate structural connectivity that were identified mirrored the compartment-specific biases identified in prior studies that utilized injected tract tracers, cytoarchitecture, or functional MRI. Segregating insulo-striate structural connectivity through either striosome or matrix may be an anatomic substrate for functional specialization among the insular subregions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian T Funk
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Asim AO Hassan
- Department of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Texas at Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jeff L Waugh
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
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3
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Reck A, Sweet LH, Geier C, Kogan SM, Cui Z, Oshri A. Food insecurity and adolescent impulsivity: The mediating role of functional connectivity in the context of family flexibility. Dev Sci 2024:e13554. [PMID: 39054810 DOI: 10.1111/desc.13554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Adolescent food insecurity is a salient adversity hypothesized to affect neural systems associated with increased impulsive behavior. Family environments shape how adverse experiences influence development. In this study, hypotheses were tested regarding the conjoint effects of food insecurity and family flexibility on impulsivity via alterations in connectivity between regions within the salience and central executive networks. Such alterations are reflected in resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) metrics between the anterior insula (AI) and the middle frontal gyrus (MFG). Hypotheses were tested in a longitudinal moderated mediation model with two waves of data from 142 adolescents (Time 1 [T1] Mage = 12.89, SD = 0.85; Time 2 [T2] Mage = 15.01, SD = 1.07). Data on past-year household food insecurity, family flexibility, and rsFC were obtained at T1. Impulsivity was self-reported by the adolescent at T1 and T2. Findings revealed that high T1 left-to-left rsFC between the AI and MFG was associated with increased impulsivity at T2. The interaction of family flexibility and food insecurity was associated with AI and MFG rsFC. In the context of low family flexibility, food insecurity was linked to high levels of AI and MFG rsFC. Conversely, in the context of optimal family flexibility, food insecurity was associated with low levels of AI and MFG rsFC. Conditional indirect analysis suggests that the links among food insecurity, rsFC, and impulsive behavior depend on family flexibility. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: Adolescent food insecurity was associated with anterior insula and middle frontal gyrus connectivity only at certain levels of family flexibility. High family flexibility attenuated the link between food insecurity and neural connectivity, while low levels of family flexibility increased this risk. High left anterior insula and left middle frontal gyrus connectivity was associated with increased impulsivity 1 year later.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ava Reck
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Lawrence H Sweet
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Charles Geier
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Steven M Kogan
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Zehua Cui
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Assaf Oshri
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
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4
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Funk AT, Hassan AAO, Waugh JL. In humans, insulo-striate structural connectivity is largely biased toward either striosome-like or matrix-like striatal compartments. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.07.588409. [PMID: 38645229 PMCID: PMC11030402 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.07.588409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
The insula is an integral component of sensory, motor, limbic, and executive functions, and insular dysfunction is associated with numerous human neuropsychiatric disorders. Insular afferents project widely, but insulo-striate projections are especially numerous. The targets of these insulo-striate projections are organized into tissue compartments, the striosome and matrix. These striatal compartments have distinct embryologic origins, afferent and efferent connectivity, dopamine pharmacology, and susceptibility to injury. Striosome and matrix appear to occupy separate sets of cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical loops, so a bias in insulo-striate projections towards one compartment may also embed an insular subregion in distinct regulatory and functional networks. Compartment-specific mapping of insulo-striate structural connectivity is sparse; the insular subregions are largely unmapped for compartment-specific projections. In 100 healthy adults, we utilized probabilistic diffusion tractography to map and quantify structural connectivity between 19 structurally-defined insular subregions and each striatal compartment. Insulo-striate streamlines that reached striosome-like and matrix-like voxels were concentrated in distinct insular zones (striosome: rostro- and caudoventral; matrix: caudodorsal) and followed different paths to reach the striatum. Though tractography was generated independently in each hemisphere, the spatial distribution and relative bias of striosome-like and matrix-like streamlines were highly similar in the left and right insula. 16 insular subregions were significantly biased towards one compartment: seven toward striosome-like voxels and nine toward matrix-like voxels. Striosome-favoring bundles had significantly higher streamline density, especially from rostroventral insular subregions. The biases in insulo-striate structural connectivity we identified mirrored the compartment-specific biases identified in prior studies that utilized injected tract tracers, cytoarchitecture, or functional MRI. Segregating insulo-striate structural connectivity through either striosome or matrix may be an anatomic substrate for functional specialization among the insular subregions.
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Affiliation(s)
- AT Funk
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX
| | - AAO Hassan
- Department of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Texas at Dallas
| | - JL Waugh
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX
- Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA
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Etemadyrad N, Gao Y, Li Q, Guo X, Krueger F, Lin Q, Qiu D, Zhao L. Functional Connectivity Prediction With Deep Learning for Graph Transformation. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL NETWORKS AND LEARNING SYSTEMS 2024; 35:4862-4875. [PMID: 36037449 DOI: 10.1109/tnnls.2022.3197337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Inferring resting-state functional connectivity (FC) from anatomical brain wiring, known as structural connectivity (SC), is of enormous significance in neuroscience for understanding biological neuronal networks and treating mental diseases. Both SC and FC are networks where the nodes are brain regions, and in SC, the edges are the physical fiber nerves among the nodes, while in FC, the edges are the nodes' coactivation relations. Despite the importance of SC and FC, until very recently, the rapidly growing research body on this topic has generally focused on either linear models or computational models that rely heavily on heuristics and simple assumptions regarding the mapping between FC and SC. However, the relationship between FC and SC is actually highly nonlinear and complex and contains considerable randomness; additional factors, such as the subject's age and health, can also significantly impact the SC-FC relationship and hence cannot be ignored. To address these challenges, here, we develop a novel SC-to-FC generative adversarial network (SF-GAN) framework for mapping SC to FC, along with additional metafeatures based on a newly proposed graph neural network-based generative model that is capable of learning the stochasticity. Specifically, a new graph-based conditional generative adversarial nets model is proposed, where edge convolution layers are leveraged to encode the graph patterns in the SC in the form of a graph representation. New edge deconvolution layers are then utilized to decode the representation back to FC. Additional metafeatures of subjects' profile information are integrated into the graph representation with newly designed sparse-regularized layers that can automatically select features that impact FC. Finally, we have also proposed new post hoc explainer of our SF-GAN, which can identify which subgraphs in SC strongly influence which subgraphs in FC by a new multilevel edge-correlation-guided graph clustering problem. The results of experiments conducted to test the new model confirm that it significantly outperforms existing state-of-the-art methods, with additional interpretability for identifying important metafeatures and subgraphs.
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6
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Díaz-Gutiérrez P, Boone C, Vyas H, Declerck CH. Neural asymmetry in aligning with generous versus selfish descriptive norms in a charitable donation task. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5793. [PMID: 38461360 PMCID: PMC10924952 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55688-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Social alignment is supported by the brain's reward system (ventral striatum), presumably because attaining synchrony generates feelings of connectedness. However, this may hold only for aligning with generous others, while aligning with selfishness might threaten social connectedness. We investigated this postulated asymmetry in an incentivized fMRI charitable donation task. Participants decided how much of their endowment to donate to real charities, and how much to keep for themselves. Compared to a baseline condition, donations significantly increased or decreased in function of the presence of descriptive norms. The fMRI data reveal that processing selfish norms (more than generous ones) recruited the amygdala and anterior insula. Aligning with selfish norms correlated on average with reduced activity in the lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) and, at the individual level, with decreasing activity in the ventral striatum (VS). Conversely, as participants aligned more with generous norms, they showed increasing activity in the LPFC and, on average, increased activity in the VS. This increase occurred beyond the increased VS activity which was also observed in the baseline condition. Taken together, this suggests that aligning with generosity, while effortful, provides a "warm glow of herding" associated with collective giving, but that aligning with selfishness does not.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christophe Boone
- Faculty of Business and Economics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Harshil Vyas
- Faculty of Business and Economics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Carolyn H Declerck
- Faculty of Business and Economics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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7
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Sypré L, Sharma S, Mantini D, Nelissen K. Intrinsic functional clustering of the macaque insular cortex. Front Integr Neurosci 2024; 17:1272529. [PMID: 38250745 PMCID: PMC10797002 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2023.1272529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The functional organization of the primate insula has been studied using a variety of techniques focussing on regional differences in either architecture, connectivity, or function. These complementary methods offered insights into the complex organization of the insula and proposed distinct parcellation schemes at varying levels of detail and complexity. The advent of imaging techniques that allow non-invasive assessment of structural and functional connectivity, has popularized data-driven connectivity-based parcellation methods to investigate the organization of the human insula. Yet, it remains unclear if the subdivisions derived from these data-driven clustering methods reflect meaningful descriptions of the functional specialization of the insula. In this study, we employed hierarchical clustering to examine the cluster parcellations of the macaque insula. As our aim was exploratory, we examined parcellations consisting of two up to ten clusters. Three different cluster validation methods (fingerprinting, silhouette, elbow) converged on a four-cluster solution as the most optimal representation of our data. Examining functional response properties of these clusters, in addition to their brain-wide functional connectivity suggested a functional specialization related to processing gustatory, somato-motor, vestibular and social visual cues. However, a more detailed functional differentiation aligning with previous functional investigations of insula subfields became evident at higher cluster numbers beyond the proposed optimal four clusters. Overall, our findings demonstrate that resting-state-based hierarchical clustering can provide a meaningful description of the insula's functional organization at some level of detail. Nonetheless, cluster parcellations derived from this method are best combined with data obtained through other modalities, to provide a more comprehensive and detailed account of the insula's complex functional organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotte Sypré
- Laboratory for Neuro- & Psychophysiology, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Dante Mantini
- Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Koen Nelissen
- Laboratory for Neuro- & Psychophysiology, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Li G, Zhong D, Li B, Chen Y, Yang L, Li CSR. Sleep Deficits Inter-Link Lower Basal Forebrain-Posterior Cingulate Connectivity and Perceived Stress and Anxiety Bidirectionally in Young Men. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2023; 26:879-889. [PMID: 37924270 PMCID: PMC10726414 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyad062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The basal nucleus of Meynert (BNM), a primary source of cholinergic projections to the cortex, plays key roles in regulating the sleep-wake cycle and attention. Sleep deficit is associated with impairment in cognitive and emotional functions. However, whether or how cholinergic circuit, sleep, and cognitive/emotional dysfunction are inter-related remains unclear. METHODS We curated the Human Connectome Project data and explored BNM resting state functional connectivities (rsFC) in relation to sleep deficit, based on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), cognitive performance, and subjective reports of emotional states in 687 young adults (342 women). Imaging data were processed with published routines and evaluated at a corrected threshold. We assessed the correlation between BNM rsFC, PSQI, and clinical measurements with Pearson regressions and their inter-relationships with mediation analyses. RESULTS In whole-brain regressions with age and alcohol use severity as covariates, men showed lower BNM rsFC with the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) in correlation with PSQI score. No clusters were identified in women at the same threshold. Both BNM-PCC rsFC and PSQI score were significantly correlated with anxiety, perceived stress, and neuroticism scores in men. Moreover, mediation analyses showed that PSQI score mediated the relationship between BNM-PCC rsFC and these measures of negative emotions bidirectionally in men. CONCLUSIONS Sleep deficit is associated with negative emotions and lower BNM rsFC with the PCC. Negative emotional states and BNM-PCC rsFC are bidirectionally related through poor sleep quality. These findings are specific to men, suggesting potential sex differences in the neural circuits regulating sleep and emotional states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangfei Li
- Department of Biomedical engineering, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
- Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Intelligent Physiological Measurement and Clinical Transformation, Beijing, China
| | - Dandan Zhong
- Department of Biomedical engineering, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Bao Li
- Department of Biomedical engineering, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
- Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Intelligent Physiological Measurement and Clinical Transformation, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Biomedical engineering, Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
- Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Intelligent Physiological Measurement and Clinical Transformation, Beijing, China
| | - Chiang-Shan R Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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9
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Hotta J, Saari J, Harno H, Kalso E, Forss N, Hari R. Somatotopic disruption of the functional connectivity of the primary sensorimotor cortex in complex regional pain syndrome type 1. Hum Brain Mapp 2023; 44:6258-6274. [PMID: 37837646 PMCID: PMC10619416 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023] Open
Abstract
In complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), the representation area of the affected limb in the primary sensorimotor cortex (SM1) reacts abnormally during sensory stimulation and motor actions. We recorded 3T functional magnetic resonance imaging resting-state data from 17 upper-limb CRPS type 1 patients and 19 healthy control subjects to identify alterations of patients' SM1 function during spontaneous pain and to find out how the spatial distribution of these alterations were related to peripheral symptoms. Seed-based correlations and independent component analyses indicated that patients' upper-limb SM1 representation areas display (i) reduced interhemispheric connectivity, associated with the combined effect of intensity and spatial extent of limb pain, (ii) increased connectivity with the right anterior insula that positively correlated with the duration of CRPS, (iii) increased connectivity with periaqueductal gray matter, and (iv) disengagement from the other parts of the SM1 network. These findings, now reported for the first time in CRPS, parallel the alterations found in patients suffering from other chronic pain conditions or from limb denervation; they also agree with findings in healthy persons who are exposed to experimental pain or have used their limbs asymmetrically. Our results suggest that CRPS is associated with a sustained and somatotopically specific alteration of SM1 function, that has correspondence to the spatial distribution of the peripheral manifestations and to the duration of the syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaakko Hotta
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical EngineeringAalto University School of ScienceEspooFinland
- Aalto NeuroImagingAalto UniversityEspooFinland
- Department of NeurologyHelsinki University Hospital and Clinical Neurosciences, Neurology, University of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | - Jukka Saari
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical EngineeringAalto University School of ScienceEspooFinland
- Aalto NeuroImagingAalto UniversityEspooFinland
- Department of Applied PhysicsUniversity of Eastern FinlandKuopioFinland
| | - Hanna Harno
- Department of NeurologyHelsinki University Hospital and Clinical Neurosciences, Neurology, University of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain MedicineUniversity of Helsinki and Helsinki University HospitalHelsinkiFinland
| | - Eija Kalso
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain MedicineUniversity of Helsinki and Helsinki University HospitalHelsinkiFinland
| | - Nina Forss
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical EngineeringAalto University School of ScienceEspooFinland
- Department of NeurologyHelsinki University Hospital and Clinical Neurosciences, Neurology, University of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | - Riitta Hari
- Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical EngineeringAalto University School of ScienceEspooFinland
- Department of Art and MediaAalto University School of Arts, Design and ArchitectureHelsinkiFinland
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10
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Zhang G, Liu T, Wei W, Zhang R, Wang H, Wang M. Evaluation of altered brain activity in type 2 diabetes using various indices of brain function: A resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 16:1032264. [PMID: 36699964 PMCID: PMC9870028 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.1032264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been identified as a risk factor that increases the rate of cognitive decline. Previous studies showed that patients with T2DM had brain function alterations based on a single index of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). The present study aimed to explore spontaneous brain activity in patients with T2DM by comparing various rs-fMRI indices, and to determine the relationship between these changes and cognitive dysfunction. Methods A total of 52 patients with T2DM and age- and sex-matched control participants were included in this study. The amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF), regional homogeneity (ReHo), and voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) values were calculated to represent the status of spontaneous neural activity. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was used for the rapid evaluation of cognition in all subjects. Pearson correlation and mediation analyses were conducted to investigate the relationship between rs-fMRI indices and clinical parameters such as fasting glucose, disease duration, and MoCA. Results Patients with T2DM had alterations of concordant spontaneous brain activity in brain areas including the bilateral cerebellum posterior lobe, the left inferior temporal gyrus (ITG.L), the parahippocampal gyrus, and the left supplementary motor area (SMA.L). The indices were significantly correlated to each other in most of the detected brain areas. Positive correlations were observed between fasting glucose and neural activity in the surrounding areas of the left insula and the inferior frontal gyrus. MoCA scores were negatively correlated with the ReHo values extracted from the left anterior occipital lobe and the superior cerebellar cortex and were positively correlated with VMHC values extracted from the left caudate and the precentral gyrus (PreCG). No significant mediation effect of abnormal brain activity was found in the relationship between clinical parameters and MoCA scores. Conclusion The current study demonstrated the functional concordance of abnormal brain activities in patients with T2DM by comparing ALFF, ReHo, and VMHC measurements. Widespread abnormalities mainly involved in motor and sensory processing functions may provide insight into examining T2DM-related neurological pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China,Department of Radiology, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Taiyuan Liu
- Department of Radiology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Radiology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huilin Wang
- Department of Radiology, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China,*Correspondence: Huilin Wang ✉
| | - Meiyun Wang
- Department of Radiology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China,Laboratory of Brian Science and Brain-Like Intelligence Technology, Institute for Integrated Medical Science and Engineering, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou, China,Meiyun Wang ✉
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11
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Ikeda Y, Funayama T, Okubo Y, Suzuki H. The role of left insula mediating impaired error processing in response inhibition in adult heavy drinkers. Cereb Cortex 2022; 33:5991-5999. [PMID: 36533543 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Identification of neurobiological mechanisms underlying development of alcohol use disorder is critical to ensuring the appropriate early-phase treatment and prevention of the disorder. To this aim, we tried to elucidate the disturbance of neural functions in heavy drinking, which can lead to alcohol use disorder. Because response inhibition is affected by alcohol use disorder, we examined neural activation and task performance for response inhibition using the Go/No-Go task in an fMRI paradigm in adult non-dependent heavy and light drinkers. We examined the neural activation for error processing and inhibitory control, components of response inhibition. We then investigated the mediating effect of the relevant neural substrate on the relationship between the level of alcohol drinking and task performance using mediation analysis. We found that heavy drinking significantly decreased activation in the left insula during error processing and increased the mean commission error rate for No-Go trials compared with light drinking. Mediation analysis demonstrated full mediation of the left insula activation during error processing for the relationship between drinking level and commission error rate. Our results suggested that left insula activation may be a neural marker pivotal for potential conversion to alcohol use disorder in individuals with high clinical risk such as heavy drinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumiko Ikeda
- Nippon Medical School Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, , Tokyo 113-8602 , Japan
| | - Takuya Funayama
- Tokyo Medical and Dental University Department of Dental Anesthesiology and Orofacial Pain Management, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, , Tokyo 113-8549 , Japan
| | - Yoshiro Okubo
- Nippon Medical School Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, , Tokyo 113-8602 , Japan
| | - Hidenori Suzuki
- Nippon Medical School Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, , Tokyo 113-8602 , Japan
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12
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Wen J, Guo T, Wu J, Bai X, Zhou C, Wu H, Liu X, Chen J, Cao Z, Gu L, Pu J, Zhang B, Zhang M, Guan X, Xu X. Nigral Iron Deposition Influences Disease Severity by Modulating the Effect of Parkinson's Disease on Brain Networks. JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2022; 12:2479-2492. [PMID: 36336939 PMCID: PMC9837680 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-223372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Parkinson's disease (PD), excessive iron deposition in the substantia nigra may exacerbate α-synuclein aggregation, facilitating the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and their neural projection. OBJECTIVE To investigate the interaction effect between nigral iron deposition and PD status on brain networks. METHODS Eighty-five PD patients and 140 normal controls (NC) were included. Network function and nigral iron were measured using multi-modality magnetic resonance imaging. According to the median of nigral magnetic susceptibility of NC (0.095 ppm), PD and NC were respectively divided into high and low nigral iron group. The main and interaction effects were investigated by mixed effect analysis. RESULTS The main effect of disease was observed in basal ganglia network (BGN) and visual network (VN). The interaction effect between nigral iron and PD status was observed in left inferior frontal gyrus and left insular lobe in BGN, as well as right middle occipital gyrus, right superior temporal gyrus, and bilateral cuneus in VN. Furthermore, multiple mediation analysis revealed that the functional connectivity of interaction effect clusters in BGN and medial VN partially mediated the relationship between nigral iron and Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale II score. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates an interaction of nigral iron deposition and PD status on brain networks, that is, nigral iron deposition is associated with the change of brain network configuration exclusively when in PD. We identified a potential causal mediation pathway for iron to affect disease severity that was mediated by both BGN dysfunction and VN hyperfunction in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Wen
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tao Guo
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Wu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xueqin Bai
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Zhou
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haoting Wu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaocao Liu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingwen Chen
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhengye Cao
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Luyan Gu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiali Pu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Baorong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Minming Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojun Guan
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China,Correspondence to: Xiaojun Xu, MD, Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.88 Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou 310009, China. Tel.: +86 0571 87315255; Fax: +86 0571 87315255; E-mail: and Xiaojun Guan, PhD, Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88 Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou 310009, China. Tel.: +86 0571 87315255; Fax: +86 0571 87315255;
| | - Xiaojun Xu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China,Correspondence to: Xiaojun Xu, MD, Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.88 Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou 310009, China. Tel.: +86 0571 87315255; Fax: +86 0571 87315255; E-mail: and Xiaojun Guan, PhD, Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88 Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou 310009, China. Tel.: +86 0571 87315255; Fax: +86 0571 87315255;
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13
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Ai M, Loui P, Morris TP, Chaddock-Heyman L, Hillman CH, McAuley E, Kramer AF. Musical Experience Relates to Insula-Based Functional Connectivity in Older Adults. Brain Sci 2022; 12:1577. [PMID: 36421901 PMCID: PMC9688373 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12111577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Engaging in musical activities throughout the lifespan may protect against age-related cognitive decline and modify structural and functional connectivity in the brain. Prior research suggests that musical experience modulates brain regions that integrate different modalities of sensory information, such as the insula. Most of this research has been performed in individuals classified as professional musicians; however, general musical experiences across the lifespan may also confer beneficial effects on brain health in older adults. The current study investigated whether general musical experience, characterized using the Goldsmith Music Sophistication Index (Gold-MSI), was associated with functional connectivity in older adults (age = 65.7 ± 4.4, n = 69). We tested whether Gold-MSI was associated with individual differences in the functional connectivity of three a priori hypothesis-defined seed regions in the insula (i.e., dorsal anterior, ventral anterior, and posterior insula). We found that older adults with more musical experience showed greater functional connectivity between the dorsal anterior insula and the precentral and postcentral gyrus, and between the ventral anterior insula and diverse brain regions, including the insula and prefrontal cortex, and decreased functional connectivity between the ventral anterior insula and thalamus (voxel p < 0.01, cluster FWE p < 0.05). Follow-up correlation analyses showed that the singing ability subscale score was key in driving the association between functional connectivity differences and musical experience. Overall, our findings suggest that musical experience, even among non-professional musicians, is related to functional brain reorganization in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meishan Ai
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Psyche Loui
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Music, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Timothy P. Morris
- Department of Physical Therapy, Movement & Rehabilitation Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Laura Chaddock-Heyman
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Charles H. Hillman
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Physical Therapy, Movement & Rehabilitation Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Edward McAuley
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Arthur F. Kramer
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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14
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Manuweera T, Kisner MA, Almira E, Momenan R. Alcohol use disorder-associated structural and functional characteristics of the insula. J Neurosci Res 2022; 100:2077-2089. [PMID: 35946335 PMCID: PMC11059243 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Based on our current understanding of insular regions, effects of chronic alcohol use on the insula may affect the integration of sensory-motor, socio-emotional, and cognitive function. There is no comprehensive understanding about these differences in individuals with alcohol use disorder that accounts for both structural and functional differences related to chronic alcohol use. The purpose of this study was to investigate these variations in both the anterior and posterior insula in persons with alcohol use disorder. We investigated insula gray matter volume, morphometry, white matter structural connectivity, and resting state functional connectivity in 75 participants with alcohol use disorder (females = 27) and 75 age-matched healthy control participants (females = 39). Results indicated structural differences mostly in the anterior regions, while functional connectivity differences were observed in both the anterior and posterior insula in those with alcohol use disorder. Differing connectivity was observed with frontal, parietal, occipital, cingulate, cerebellar, and temporal brain regions. While these results align with prior studies showing differences primarily in anterior insular regions, they also contribute to the existing literature suggesting differences in anterior insular connectivity with brain regions shown to be engaged during higher cognitive and emotional tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thushini Manuweera
- Clinical NeuroImaging Research Core, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Mallory A Kisner
- Clinical NeuroImaging Research Core, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Erika Almira
- Clinical NeuroImaging Research Core, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Reza Momenan
- Clinical NeuroImaging Research Core, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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15
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Molnar-Szakacs I, Uddin LQ. Anterior insula as a gatekeeper of executive control. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 139:104736. [PMID: 35700753 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Executive control is a complex high-level cognitive function that relies on distributed brain circuitry. We propose that the anterior insular cortex plays an under-appreciated role in executive processes, acting as a gatekeeper to other brain regions and networks by virtue of primacy of action and effective connectivity. The flexible functional profile of the anterior insular subdivision renders it a key hub within the broader midcingulo-insular 'salience network', allowing it to orchestrate and drive activity of other major functional brain networks including the medial frontoparietal 'default mode network' and lateral frontoparietal 'central executive network'. The microanatomy and large-scale connectivity of the insular cortex positions it to play a critical role in triaging and integrating internal and external multisensory stimuli in the service of initiating higher-order control functions. Multiple lines of evidence scaffold the novel hypothesis that, as a key hub for integration and a lever of network switching, the anterior insula serves as a critical gatekeeper to executive control.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucina Q Uddin
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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16
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Tan H, Duan Q, Liu Y, Qiao X, Luo S. Does losing money truly hurt? The shared neural bases of monetary loss and pain. Hum Brain Mapp 2022; 43:3153-3163. [PMID: 35315958 PMCID: PMC9189080 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Both monetary loss and pain have been studied for decades, but evidence supporting the relationship between them is still lacking. We conducted a meta‐analysis to explore the overlapping brain regions between monetary loss and pain, including physical pain and social pain. Regardless of the type of pain experienced, activation of the anterior insula was a shared neural representation of monetary loss and pain. The network representation pattern of monetary loss was more similar to that of social pain than that of physical pain. In conclusion, our research provided evidence of the common neural correlates of monetary loss and pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixin Tan
- Department of Psychology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience and Mental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Qin Duan
- Department of Psychology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience and Mental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yihan Liu
- Department of Psychology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience and Mental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyu Qiao
- Department of Psychology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience and Mental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siyang Luo
- Department of Psychology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience and Mental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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17
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Le TM, Malone T, Li CSR. Positive alcohol expectancy and resting-state functional connectivity of the insula in problem drinking. Drug Alcohol Depend 2022; 231:109248. [PMID: 34998254 PMCID: PMC8881788 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.109248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Positive alcohol expectancy (AE), a significant predictor of excessive alcohol consumption, is associated with heightened drinking motivation and reduced control. As the insula interacts with the limbic and prefrontal structures to integrate stimulus saliency, interoception, and cognitive control, the region may play a unique role in modulating AE. Here, we examined resting-state functional connectivity of the right and left insula in relation to AE in 180 adult drinkers. Whole-brain multiple regressions and path analysis were performed to delineate the inter-relationship between AE, insular connectivity, and drinking severity. We found that heightened AE was associated with diminished right insular connectivity with regions involved in negative emotion processing and self-control, including the amygdala, putamen, and ventromedial prefrontal cortex. In contrast, there was a positive relationship between AE and right insular connectivity with regions implicated in motivated responses to alcohol stimuli, including the superior parietal lobule, postcentral and superior frontal gyri. Path analysis showed that the two sets of right insular connectivity exhibited opposing associations with AE and that their net strength (i.e., "control minus motivation") was negatively correlated with AE and drinking severity. Analyses of the left insula seed, in contrast, did not yield regional connectivity in significant correlation with AE. These findings highlight the roles of right insula connectivity in motivational and regulatory processes that may differentially modulate drinking behavior. Recruitment of the motivational circuit and/or disengagement of the affective control circuit would be associated with heightened AE and heavier alcohol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thang M. Le
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA,Correspondence: Thang M. Le, Ph.D., Connecticut Mental Health Center, S105, 34 Park Street, New Haven, CT 06519-1109, USA, , Phone: 203-974-7360
| | - Tessa Malone
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Chiang-Shan R. Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA,Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA,Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA,Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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18
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Data-driven analysis of kappa opioid receptor binding in major depressive disorder measured by positron emission tomography. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:602. [PMID: 34839360 PMCID: PMC8627509 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01729-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Preclinical studies have implicated kappa opioid receptors (KORs) in stress responses and depression-related behaviors, but evidence from human studies is limited. Here we present results of a secondary analysis of data acquired using positron emission tomography (PET) with the KOR radiotracer [11C]GR103545 in 10 unmedicated, currently depressed individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD; 32.6 ± 6.5 years, 5 women) and 13 healthy volunteers (34.8 ± 10 years, 6 women). Independent component analysis was performed to identify spatial patterns of coherent variance in KOR binding (tracer volume of distribution, VT) across all subjects. Expression of each component was compared between groups and relationships to symptoms were explored using the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS). Three components of variation in KOR availability across ROIs were identified, spatially characterized by [11C]GR103545 VT in (1) bilateral frontal lobe; (2) occipital and parietal cortices, right hippocampus, and putamen; and (3) right anterior cingulate, right superior frontal gyrus and insula, coupled to negative loading in left middle cingulate. In MDD patients, component 3 was negatively associated with symptom severity on the HDRS (r = -0.85, p = 0.0021). There were no group-wise differences in expression of any component between patients and controls. These preliminary findings suggest that KOR signaling in cortical regions relevant to depression, particularly right anterior cingulate, could reflect MDD pathophysiology.
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19
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Merritt CC, MacCormack JK, Stein AG, Lindquist KA, Muscatell KA. The neural underpinnings of intergroup social cognition: an fMRI meta-analysis. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2021; 16:903-914. [PMID: 33760100 PMCID: PMC8421705 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsab034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Roughly 20 years of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have investigated the neural correlates underlying engagement in social cognition (e.g. empathy and emotion perception) about targets spanning various social categories (e.g. race and gender). Yet, findings from individual studies remain mixed. In the present quantitative functional neuroimaging meta-analysis, we summarized across 50 fMRI studies of social cognition to identify consistent differences in neural activation as a function of whether the target of social cognition was an in-group or out-group member. We investigated if such differences varied according to a specific social category (i.e. race) and specific social cognitive processes (i.e. empathy and emotion perception). We found that social cognition about in-group members was more reliably related to activity in brain regions associated with mentalizing (e.g. dorsomedial prefrontal cortex), whereas social cognition about out-group members was more reliably related to activity in regions associated with exogenous attention and salience (e.g. anterior insula). These findings replicated for studies specifically focused on the social category of race, and we further found intergroup differences in neural activation during empathy and emotion perception tasks. These results help shed light on the neural mechanisms underlying social cognition across group lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrington C Merritt
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jennifer K MacCormack
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Andrea G Stein
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Kristen A Lindquist
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Keely A Muscatell
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27515, USA
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27515, USA
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20
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Goelman G, Dan R, Růžička F, Bezdicek O, Jech R. Asymmetry of the insula-sensorimotor circuit in Parkinson's disease. Eur J Neurosci 2021; 54:6267-6280. [PMID: 34449938 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) experience motor and non-motor symptoms, suggesting alterations of the motor and/or limbic system or more probably of their communications. We hypothesized that the communication between the insula (part of the limbic system) and sensorimotor cortex in PD is altered and hemispheric asymmetric. Furthermore, that this asymmetry relates to non-motor symptoms, and specifically, that apathy-related asymmetry is unique to PD. To test these hypotheses, we used a novel multivariate time-frequency analysis method applied to resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data of 28 controls and 25 participants with PD measured in their OFF medication state. The analysis infers directionality of coupling, that is, afferent or efferent, among four anatomical regions, thus defining directed pathways of information flow, which enables the extension of symmetry measures to include directionality. A major right asymmetry reduction of the dorsal-posterior insula efferent and a slight bilateral increase of insula afferent pathways were observed in participants with PD versus controls. Between-group pathways that correlated with mild cognitive impairments combined the central-executive and default-mode networks through the right insula. Apathy-correlated pathways of the posterior insula in participants with PD versus controls exhibited reduced right efferent and increased left afferent. Because apathy scores were comparable between the groups and effects of the other motor and non-motor symptoms were statistically removed by the analysis, the differences in apathy-correlated pathways were suggested as unique to PD. These pathways could be predictors in the pre-symptomatic phase in patients with apathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gadi Goelman
- Department of Neurology, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rotem Dan
- Department of Neurology, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.,Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences (ELSC), The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Filip Růžička
- Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Bezdicek
- Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Robert Jech
- Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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21
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Agcaoglu O, Muetzel RL, Rashid B, White T, Tiemeier H, Calhoun VD. Lateralization of Resting-State Networks in Children: Association with Age, Sex, Handedness, Intelligence Quotient, and Behavior. Brain Connect 2021; 12:246-259. [PMID: 34102875 DOI: 10.1089/brain.2020.0863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Lateralization in brain function has been associated with age and sex in previous work; however, there has been less focus on lateralization of functional networks during development. Aim: We aim to examine laterality in typical development; a clearer understanding of how and to what extent functional brain networks are lateralized in typical development may eventually prove to hold predictive information in psychopathology. Material and Methods: In this study, we examine the lateralization of resting-state networks assessed with a group-independent component analysis using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging from a large cohort consisting of 774 children, ages 6-10 years. This is an extension of our previous work on normal aging in adults, where we now assess whether there are similar patterns in children. Results: Unlike the results from our study of healthy aging in adults, which showed a decrease in laterality with increasing age, in this study we found both decreases and increases in lateralization in multiple networks with development. For example, auditory and sensorimotor regions had greater bilateral connectivity with development, whereas regions including the dorsolateral frontal cortex (Brodmann area left 9 and left 46) showed an increase in left lateralization with development. Conclusion: Our findings support a complex, nonlinear association between laterality and age in school-age children, a time when brain function and structure are developing rapidly. We also found brain networks in which laterality was significantly associated with sex, handedness, and intelligence quotient, but we did not find any significant association with behavioral scores. Impact statement Lateralization in brain function has been associated with age and sex in several previous studies; however, there has been less focus on lateralization of functional networks during development. A clearer understanding of how and to what extent functional brain networks are lateralized in typical development may eventually prove to hold predictive information in psychopathology. In this study, we examine the lateralization of resting-state networks assessed with a group-independent component analysis using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging from a large cohort consisting of 774 children, ages 6-10 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oktay Agcaoglu
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State, Georgia Tech, Emory, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Ryan L Muetzel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Barnaly Rashid
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tonya White
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC-Sophia, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- The Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Vince D Calhoun
- Tri-Institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science (TReNDS), Georgia State, Georgia Tech, Emory, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- The Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
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22
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Shi G, Li X, Zhu Y, Shang R, Sun Y, Guo H, Sui J. The divided brain: Functional brain asymmetry underlying self-construal. Neuroimage 2021; 240:118382. [PMID: 34252524 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-construal (orientations of independence and interdependence) is a fundamental concept that guides human behaviour, and it is linked to a large number of brain regions. However, understanding the connectivity of these regions and the critical principles underlying these self-functions are lacking. Because brain activity linked to self-related processes are intrinsic, the resting-state method has received substantial attention. Here, we focused on resting-state functional connectivity matrices based on brain asymmetry as indexed by the differential partition of the connectivity located in mirrored positions of the two hemispheres, hemispheric specialization measured using the intra-hemispheric (left or right) connectivity, brain communication via inter-hemispheric interactions, and global connectivity as the sum of the two intra-hemispheric connectivity. Combining machine learning techniques with hypothesis-driven network mapping approaches, we demonstrated that orientations of independence and interdependence were best predicted by the asymmetric matrix compared to brain communication, hemispheric specialization, and global connectivity matrices. The network results revealed that there were distinct asymmetric connections between the default mode network, the salience network and the executive control network which characterise independence and interdependence. These analyses shed light on the importance of brain asymmetry in understanding how complex self-functions are optimally represented in the brain networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gen Shi
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xuesong Li
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Yifan Zhu
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Ruihong Shang
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yang Sun
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Hua Guo
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jie Sui
- School of Psychology, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.
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Neural correlates of individual variation in two-back working memory and the relationship with fluid intelligence. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9980. [PMID: 33976306 PMCID: PMC8113462 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89433-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Working memory has been examined extensively using the N-back task. However, less is known about the neural bases underlying individual variation in the accuracy rate (AR) and reaction time (RT) as metrics of N-back performance. Whereas AR indexes the overall performance, RT may more specifically reflect the efficiency in updating target identify. Further, studies have associated fluid intelligence (Gf) with working memory, but the cerebral correlates shared between Gf and N-back performance remain unclear. We addressed these issues using the Human Connectome Project dataset. We quantified the differences in AR (critical success index or CSI) and RT between 2- and 0-backs (CSI2–0 and RT2–0) and identified the neural correlates of individual variation in CSI2–0, RT2–0, and Gf, as indexed by the number of correct items scored in the Raven’s Standard Progressive Matrices (RSPM) test. The results showed that CSI2–0 and RT2–0 were negatively correlated, suggesting that a prolonged response time did not facilitate accuracy. At voxel p < 0.05, FWE-corrected, the pre-supplementary motor area (preSMA), bilateral frontoparietal cortex (biFPC) and right anterior insula (rAI) showed activities in negative correlation with CSI2–0 and positive correlation with RT2–0. In contrast, a cluster in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) bordering the SMA showed activities in positive correlation with CSI2–0 and negative correlation with RT2–0. Further, path analyses showed a significant fit of the model dACC → RT2–0 → CSI2–0, suggesting a critical role of target switching in determining performance accuracy. Individual variations in RT2–0 and Gf were positively correlated, although the effect size was small (f2 = 0.0246). RT2–0 and Gf shared activities both in positive correlation with the preSMA, biFPC, rAI, and dorsal precuneus. These results together suggest inter-related neural substrates of individual variation in N-back performance and highlight a complex relationship in the neural processes supporting 2-back and RSPM performance.
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Profant O, Škoch A, Tintěra J, Svobodová V, Kuchárová D, Svobodová Burianová J, Syka J. The Influence of Aging, Hearing, and Tinnitus on the Morphology of Cortical Gray Matter, Amygdala, and Hippocampus. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:553461. [PMID: 33343328 PMCID: PMC7746808 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.553461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Age related hearing loss (presbycusis) is a natural process represented by elevated auditory thresholds and decreased speech intelligibility, especially in noisy conditions. Tinnitus is a phantom sound that also potentially leads to cortical changes, with its highest occurrence coinciding with the clinical onset of presbycusis. The aim of our project was to identify age, hearing loss and tinnitus related structural changes, within the auditory system and associated structures. Groups of subjects with presbycusis and tinnitus (22 subjects), with only presbycusis (24 subjects), young tinnitus patients with normal hearing (10 subjects) and young controls (17 subjects), underwent an audiological examination to characterize hearing loss and tinnitus. In addition, MRI (3T MR system, analysis in Freesurfer software) scans were used to identify changes in the cortical and subcortical structures. The following areas of the brain were analyzed: Heschl gyrus (HG), planum temporale (PT), primary visual cortex (V1), gyrus parahippocampus (PH), anterior insula (Ins), amygdala (Amg), and hippocampus (HP). A statistical analysis was performed in R framework using linear mixed-effects models with explanatory variables: age, tinnitus, laterality and hearing. In all of the cortical structures, the gray matter thickness decreased significantly with aging without having an effect on laterality (differences between the left and right hemispheres). The decrease in the gray matter thickness was faster in the HG, PT and Ins in comparison with the PH and V1. Aging did not influence the surface of the cortical areas, however there were differences between the surface size of the reported regions in the left and right hemispheres. Hearing loss caused only a borderline decrease of the cortical surface in the HG. Tinnitus was accompanied by a borderline decrease of the Ins surface and led to an increase in the volume of Amy and HP. In summary, aging is accompanied by a decrease in the cortical gray matter thickness; hearing loss only has a limited effect on the structure of the investigated cortical areas and tinnitus causes structural changes which are predominantly within the limbic system and insula, with the structure of the auditory system only being minimally affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Profant
- Department of Auditory Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Faculty Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Antonín Škoch
- MR Unit, Institute of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jaroslav Tintěra
- MR Unit, Institute of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czechia
| | - Veronika Svobodová
- Department of Auditory Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, 1st Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Motol, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Diana Kuchárová
- Department of Auditory Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, 1st Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Motol, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jana Svobodová Burianová
- Department of Auditory Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Josef Syka
- Department of Auditory Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
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Wang Y, Zou Q, Ao Y, Liu Y, Ouyang Y, Wang X, Biswal B, Cui Q, Chen H. Frequency-dependent circuits anchored in the dorsal and ventral left anterior insula. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16394. [PMID: 33020498 PMCID: PMC7536237 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73192-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The hub role of the right anterior insula (AI) has been emphasized in cognitive neurosciences and been demonstrated to be frequency-dependently organized. However, the functional organization of left AI (LAI) has not been systematically investigated. Here we used 100 unrelated datasets from the Human Connectome Project to study the frequency-dependent organization of LAI along slow 6 to slow 1 bands. The broadband functional connectivity of LAI was similar to previous findings. In slow 6-slow 3 bands, both dorsal and ventral seeds in LAI were correlated to the salience network (SN) and language network (LN) and anti-correlated to the default mode network (DMN). However, these seeds were only correlated to the LAI in slow 2-slow 1 bands. These findings indicate that broadband and narrow band functional connections reflect different functional organizations of the LAI. Furthermore, the dorsal seed had a stronger connection with the LN and anti-correlation with DMN while the ventral seed had a stronger connection within the SN in slow 6-slow 3 bands. In slow 2-slow 1 bands, both seeds had stronger connections with themselves. These observations indicate distinctive functional organizations for the two parts of LAI. Significant frequency effect and frequency by seed interaction were also found, suggesting different frequency characteristics of these two seeds. The functional integration and functional segregation of LDAI and LVAI were further supported by their cognitive associations. The frequency- and seed-dependent functional organizations of LAI may enlighten future clinical and cognitive investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Wang
- Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, No. 5, Jing'an Road, Chengdu, 610066, China.
| | - Qijun Zou
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 2006, Xiyuan Ave, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Yujia Ao
- Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, No. 5, Jing'an Road, Chengdu, 610066, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, No. 5, Jing'an Road, Chengdu, 610066, China
| | - Yujie Ouyang
- Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, No. 5, Jing'an Road, Chengdu, 610066, China
| | - Xinqi Wang
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 2006, Xiyuan Ave, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Bharat Biswal
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 2006, Xiyuan Ave, Chengdu, 611731, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 607 Fenster Hall,University Height, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA
| | - Qian Cui
- School of Public Affairs and Administration, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Huafu Chen
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 2006, Xiyuan Ave, Chengdu, 611731, China.
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26
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Alahmadi AAS. Effects of different smoothing on global and regional resting functional connectivity. Neuroradiology 2020; 63:99-109. [PMID: 32840683 DOI: 10.1007/s00234-020-02523-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Spatial smoothing is an essential pre-processing step in the process of analysing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data, both during an experimental task or during resting-state fMRI (rsfMRI). The main benefit of this spatial smoothing step is to artificially increase the signal-to-noise ratio of the fMRI signal. Previous fMRI studies have investigated the impact of spatial smoothing on task fMRI data, while rsfMRI studies usually apply the same analytical process used for the task data. However, this study investigates changes in different rsfMRI analyses, such as ROI-to-ROI, seed-to-voxels and ICA analyses. METHODS Nineteen healthy volunteers were scanned using rsfMRI with three applied smoothing kernels: 0 mm, 4 mm and 8 mm. Appropriate statistical comparisons were made. RESULTS The findings showed that spatial smoothing has a greater effect on rsfMRI data when analysed using seed-to-voxel-based analysis. The effect was less pronounced when analysing data using ROI-ROI or ICA analyses. The results demonstrated that even when analysing the data without the application of spatial smoothing, the results were significant compared with data analysed using a typical smoothing kernel. However, data analysed with lower-smoothing kernels produced greater negative correlations, particularly with the ICA analysis. CONCLUSION The results suggest that a medium smoothing kernel (around 4 mm) may be preferable, as it is comparable with the 8 mm kernel in all of the analyses performed. It is also recommended that the researchers consider analysing the data using two different smoothing kernels, as this will help to confirm the significance of the results and avoid overestimating the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan A S Alahmadi
- Department of Radiologic Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
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27
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Kann SJ, Chang C, Manza P, Leung HC. Akinetic rigid symptoms are associated with decline in a cortical motor network in Parkinson's disease. NPJ PARKINSONS DISEASE 2020; 6:19. [PMID: 32885038 PMCID: PMC7445297 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-020-00120-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The akinetic/rigid (AR) motor subtype of Parkinson's Disease is associated with increased rates of motor and cognitive decline. Cross-sectional studies examining the neural correlates of AR have found abnormalities in both subcortical and cortical networks involved in motor planning and execution relative to controls. To better understand how these cross-sectional findings are implicated in the unique decline associated with the AR subtype, we examined whether baseline AR symptoms are associated with longitudinal decline of these networks, in contrast to other motor symptoms such as tremor. Using whole brain multiple regression analyses we found that worse AR symptoms at baseline were associated with greater gray matter loss over four years in superior parietal and paracentral lobules and motor cortex. These regions also showed altered connectivity patterns with posterior parietal, premotor, pre-supplementary motor area and dorsolateral prefrontal regions in association with AR symptoms across subjects. Thus, AR symptoms are related to gray matter decline and aberrant functional connectivity in a network of frontal-parietal regions critical for motor planning and execution. These structural and functional abnormalities may therefore be implicated in the more aggressive course of decline associated with the AR relative to tremor-dominant subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Kann
- Department of Psychology, Integrative Neuroscience Program, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY USA
| | - Chiapei Chang
- Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY USA
| | - Peter Manza
- National Institute on Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Hoi-Chung Leung
- Department of Psychology, Integrative Neuroscience Program, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY USA
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28
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Al-Zubaidi A, Iglesias S, Stephan KE, Buades-Rotger M, Heldmann M, Nolde JM, Kirchner H, Mertins A, Jauch-Chara K, Münte TF. Effects of hunger, satiety and oral glucose on effective connectivity between hypothalamus and insular cortex. Neuroimage 2020; 217:116931. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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Reduced excitatory neurotransmitter levels in anterior insulae are associated with abdominal pain in irritable bowel syndrome. Pain 2020; 160:2004-2012. [PMID: 31045748 PMCID: PMC6727903 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a visceral pain condition with psychological comorbidity. Brain imaging studies in IBS demonstrate altered function in anterior insula (aINS), a key hub for integration of interoceptive, affective, and cognitive processes. However, alterations in aINS excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission as putative biochemical underpinnings of these functional changes remain elusive. Using quantitative magnetic resonance spectroscopy, we compared women with IBS and healthy women (healthy controls [HC]) with respect to aINS glutamate + glutamine (Glx) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA+) concentrations and addressed possible associations with symptoms. Thirty-nine women with IBS and 21 HC underwent quantitative magnetic resonance spectroscopy of bilateral aINS to assess Glx and GABA+ concentrations. Questionnaire data from all participants and prospective symptom-diary data from patients were obtained for regression analyses of neurotransmitter concentrations with IBS-related and psychological parameters. Concentrations of Glx were lower in IBS compared with HC (left aINS P < 0.05, right aINS P < 0.001), whereas no group differences were detected for GABA+ concentrations. Lower right-lateralized Glx concentrations in patients were substantially predicted by longer pain duration, while less frequent use of adaptive pain-coping predicted lower Glx in left aINS. Our findings provide first evidence for reduced excitatory but unaltered inhibitory neurotransmitter levels in aINS in IBS. The results also indicate a functional lateralization of aINS with a stronger involvement of the right hemisphere in perception of abdominal pain and of the left aINS in cognitive pain regulation. Our findings suggest that glutaminergic deficiency may play a role in pain processing in IBS.
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30
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Holtmann O, Bruchmann M, Mönig C, Schwindt W, Melzer N, Miltner WHR, Straube T. Lateralized Deficits of Disgust Processing After Insula-Basal Ganglia Damage. Front Psychol 2020; 11:1429. [PMID: 32714249 PMCID: PMC7347022 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A growing body of evidence suggests a role of the insular cortex (IC) and the basal ganglia (BG) in the experience, expression, and recognition of disgust. However, human lesion research, probing this structure-function link, has yielded rather disparate findings in single cases of unilateral and bilateral damage to these areas. Comparative group approaches are needed to elucidate whether disgust-related deficits specifically follow damage to the IC-BG system, or whether there might be a differential hemispheric contribution to disgust processing. We examined emotional processing by means of a comprehensive emotional test battery in four patients with left- and four patients with right-hemispheric lesions to the IC-BG system as well as in 19 healthy controls. While single tests did not provide clear-cut separations of patient groups, composite scores indicated selective group effects for disgust. Importantly, left-lesioned patients presented attenuated disgust composites, while right-lesioned patients showed increased disgust composites, as compared to each other and controls. These findings propose a left-hemispheric basis of disgust, potentially due to asymmetrical representations of autonomic information in the human forebrain. The present study provides the first behavioral evidence of hemispheric lateralization of a specific emotion in the human brain, and contributes to neurobiological models of disgust.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Holtmann
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Systems Neuroscience, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany.,Otto Creutzfeldt Center for Cognitive and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Maximilian Bruchmann
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Systems Neuroscience, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany.,Otto Creutzfeldt Center for Cognitive and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Constanze Mönig
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Wolfram Schwindt
- Institute of Clinical Radiology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Nico Melzer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Wolfgang H R Miltner
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Thomas Straube
- Institute of Medical Psychology and Systems Neuroscience, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany.,Otto Creutzfeldt Center for Cognitive and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
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31
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Elder J, Brieant A, Lauharatanahirun N, King-Casas B, Kim-Spoon J. Insular Risk Processing Predicts Alcohol Use Via Externalizing Pathway in Male Adolescents. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2020. [PMID: 31790350 DOI: 10.15288/jsad.2019.80.602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Male adolescents exhibit greater impulsivity and externalizing symptomatology relative to female adolescents. Furthermore, externalizing symptomatology has been associated with greater alcohol use and differential anterior insula functioning. The current longitudinal study on adolescents examined whether activity in the anterior insula, when processing uncertain outcomes and representing risk, is directly associated with gender differences in later adolescent alcohol use frequency, as well as indirectly through externalizing symptomatology. METHOD Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we examined whether gender moderated these associations in a sample of 161 adolescents (53% male) with repeated annual measurements over 3 years. We monitored responding of a region implicated in risk processing during an economic lottery choice task involving uncertain outcomes. Self-reported externalizing symptomatology and alcohol use frequency were collected at all time points. RESULTS Results indicated that there was a significant indirect effect of anterior insula processing during the task at Time 1 on alcohol use at Time 3 through externalizing symptomatology at Time 2 for male, but not female, adolescents. Externalizing symptomatology predicted alcohol use for both male and female adolescents. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest gender differences in vulnerability to later alcohol use, specifically in terms of how a neurobiological susceptibility to risk insensitivity may disproportionately influence male adolescents' externalizing symptomatology. Male adolescents who do not effectively integrate risk-related signals are likely to engage in externalizing behaviors, which in turn are related to later alcohol use. Findings also suggest differential roles of risk-related brain function that contribute to gendered pathways to adolescent health-risk behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Elder
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia.,Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California
| | - Alexis Brieant
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia
| | - Nina Lauharatanahirun
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia.,United States Army Research Laboratory, Human Resources and Engineering Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland.,Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Brooks King-Casas
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia.,Fralin Biomedical Research Institute, Roanoke, Virginia
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Stefanov K, McLean J, McColl A, Basu N, Cavanagh J, Krishnadas R. Mild Inflammation in Healthy Males Induces Fatigue Mediated by Changes in Effective Connectivity Within the Insula. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY: COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2020; 5:865-874. [PMID: 32532687 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2020.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic inflammation is associated with sickness behaviors such as low mood and fatigue. Activity patterns within the insula are suggested to coordinate these behaviors but have not been modeled. We hypothesized that mild systemic inflammation would result in changes in effective connectivity between the viscerosensory and the visceromotor regions of the insula. METHODS We used a double-blind, crossover design to randomize 20 male subjects to receive either a Salmonella typhi vaccine or a placebo saline injection at two separate sessions. All participants underwent a resting-state functional magnetic resonance scan 3 hours after injection. We determined behavioral and inflammatory changes, using the Profile of Mood States questionnaire and interleukin-6 levels. We extracted effective connectivity matrices between bilateral mid/posterior (viscerosensory) and anterior (visceromotor) insular cortices using spectral dynamic causal modeling. We applied parametric empirical Bayes and mediation analysis to determine a vaccination effect on effective connectivity and whether this mediated behavioral changes. RESULTS The vaccine condition was associated with greater interleukin-6 levels and greater fatigue 3 hours after the injection. Activity within the right mid/posterior insula increased the activity within the bilateral anterior insular regions. This connectivity was augmented by vaccination over a 99% posterior confidence threshold. The right mid/posterior insula-to-left anterior insula connectivity was significantly associated with fatigue and mediated the association between inflammation and increased fatigue scores. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that increased effective connectivity between specific nodes of the insula can model and mediate the association between inflammation and fatigue in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristian Stefanov
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
| | - John McLean
- Institute for Neurological Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Alison McColl
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Neil Basu
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Cavanagh
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Rajeev Krishnadas
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
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33
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Directional Interactions Between Constituents of the Human Large-Scale Thermoregulatory Network. Brain Topogr 2020; 33:489-503. [DOI: 10.1007/s10548-020-00778-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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34
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Kirsch LP, Besharati S, Papadaki C, Crucianelli L, Bertagnoli S, Ward N, Moro V, Jenkinson PM, Fotopoulou A. Damage to the right insula disrupts the perception of affective touch. eLife 2020; 9:e47895. [PMID: 31975686 PMCID: PMC7043887 DOI: 10.7554/elife.47895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Specific, peripheral C-tactile afferents contribute to the perception of tactile pleasure, but the brain areas involved in their processing remain debated. We report the first human lesion study on the perception of C-tactile touch in right hemisphere stroke patients (N = 59), revealing that right posterior and anterior insula lesions reduce tactile, contralateral and ipsilateral pleasantness sensitivity, respectively. These findings corroborate previous imaging studies regarding the role of the posterior insula in the perception of affective touch. However, our findings about the crucial role of the anterior insula for ipsilateral affective touch perception open new avenues of enquiry regarding the cortical organization of this tactile system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise P Kirsch
- Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
- Institut des Systèmes Intelligents et de Robotique, Sorbonne UniversitéParisFrance
| | - Sahba Besharati
- Department of Psychology, University of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa
| | - Christina Papadaki
- Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Laura Crucianelli
- Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Sara Bertagnoli
- NPSY.Lab-VR, Department of Human Sciences, University of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | - Nick Ward
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Valentina Moro
- NPSY.Lab-VR, Department of Human Sciences, University of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | - Paul M Jenkinson
- Department of Psychology, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of HertfordshireHatfieldUnited Kingdom
| | - Aikaterini Fotopoulou
- Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
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Elder J, Brieant A, Lauharatanahirun N, King-Casas B, Kim-Spoon J. Insular Risk Processing Predicts Alcohol Use Via Externalizing Pathway in Male Adolescents. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2019; 80:602-613. [PMID: 31790350 PMCID: PMC6900996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Male adolescents exhibit greater impulsivity and externalizing symptomatology relative to female adolescents. Furthermore, externalizing symptomatology has been associated with greater alcohol use and differential anterior insula functioning. The current longitudinal study on adolescents examined whether activity in the anterior insula, when processing uncertain outcomes and representing risk, is directly associated with gender differences in later adolescent alcohol use frequency, as well as indirectly through externalizing symptomatology. METHOD Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we examined whether gender moderated these associations in a sample of 161 adolescents (53% male) with repeated annual measurements over 3 years. We monitored responding of a region implicated in risk processing during an economic lottery choice task involving uncertain outcomes. Self-reported externalizing symptomatology and alcohol use frequency were collected at all time points. RESULTS Results indicated that there was a significant indirect effect of anterior insula processing during the task at Time 1 on alcohol use at Time 3 through externalizing symptomatology at Time 2 for male, but not female, adolescents. Externalizing symptomatology predicted alcohol use for both male and female adolescents. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest gender differences in vulnerability to later alcohol use, specifically in terms of how a neurobiological susceptibility to risk insensitivity may disproportionately influence male adolescents' externalizing symptomatology. Male adolescents who do not effectively integrate risk-related signals are likely to engage in externalizing behaviors, which in turn are related to later alcohol use. Findings also suggest differential roles of risk-related brain function that contribute to gendered pathways to adolescent health-risk behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Elder
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California
| | - Alexis Brieant
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia
| | - Nina Lauharatanahirun
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia
- United States Army Research Laboratory, Human Resources and Engineering Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland
- Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Brooks King-Casas
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute, Roanoke, Virginia
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Wang W, Zhornitsky S, Li CSP, Le TM, Joormann J, Li CSR. Social anxiety, posterior insula activation, and autonomic response during self-initiated action in a Cyberball game. J Affect Disord 2019; 255:158-167. [PMID: 31153052 PMCID: PMC6591038 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.05.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An earlier study characterized the neural correlates of self-initiated actions in a Cyberball game in healthy individuals. It remains unclear how social anxiety may influence these neural processes. METHODS We examined regional activations to self-initiated actions in 25 adults with low and 25 with high social anxiety (LA and HA, respectively). Skin conductance was recorded concurrently with fMRI. We followed published routines in the analyses of imaging and skin conductance data. RESULTS We hypothesized that HA as compared to LA individuals would demonstrate increased cortical limbic activations during self-initiated actions (tossing or T > receiving or R trials, to control for motor activities) in social exclusion (EX) vs. fair game (FG) scenario. At a corrected threshold, HA as compared with LA group showed increases in bilateral posterior insula activation during T vs. R trials in EX as compared to FG. Further, HA as compared to LA showed higher skin conductance response to tossing trials during EX as compared to FG. LIMITATIONS With a limited sample size, we did not examine potential sex effects. Further, we cannot rule out the effects of depression on the findings. CONCLUSIONS Together, the results suggest that individuals with more severe social anxiety engaged the somatosensory insula to a greater extent and exhibited higher physiological arousal when initiating ball toss during social exclusion in the Cyberball game. Posterior insula response to self-initiated action may represent a biomarker of social anxiety. It remains to be investigated whether interventions to decrease physiological arousal may alleviate social anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuyi Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, United States
| | - Simon Zhornitsky
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, United States
| | - Clara S-P Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, United States; Phillips Academy, Andover, MA 01810, United States
| | - Thang M Le
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, United States
| | - Jutta Joormann
- Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, United States
| | - Chiang-Shan R Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, United States; Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, United States; Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, United States.
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37
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Velasco ER, Florido A, Milad MR, Andero R. Sex differences in fear extinction. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 103:81-108. [PMID: 31129235 PMCID: PMC6692252 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Despite the exponential increase in fear research during the last years, few studies have included female subjects in their design. The need to include females arises from the knowledge gap of mechanistic processes underlying the behavioral and neural differences observed in fear extinction. Moreover, the exact contribution of sex and hormones in relation to learning and behavior is still largely unknown. Insights from this field could be beneficial as fear-related disorders are twice as prevalent in women compared to men. Here, we review an up-to-date summary of animal and human studies in adulthood that report sex differences in fear extinction from a structural and functional approach. Furthermore, we describe how these factors could contribute to the observed sex differences in fear extinction during normal and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- E R Velasco
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Florido
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - M R Milad
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA
| | - R Andero
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; CIBERSAM, Corporació Sanitaria Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Spain; Department of Psychobiology and Methodology of Health Sciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain.
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Hung CC, Zhang S, Chen CM, Duann JR, Lin CP, Lee TSH, Li CSR. Striatal functional connectivity in chronic ketamine users: a pilot study. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE 2019; 46:31-43. [DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2019.1624764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Chun Hung
- Bali Psychiatric Center, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Chun-Ming Chen
- Department of Radiology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Ren Duann
- Department of Radiology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Institute for Neural Computation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ching-Po Lin
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tony Szu-Hsien Lee
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Resting-State Functional Connectivity Between Centromedial Amygdala and Insula as Related to Somatic Symptoms in Depressed Patients: A Preliminary Study. Psychosom Med 2019; 81:434-440. [PMID: 31008903 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000000697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Somatic symptoms are prevalent in patients with depression. The centromedial amygdala (CMA) is a key brain region that mediates autonomic and somatic responses. Abnormal function in the CMA may contribute to the development of somatic symptoms in depressed patients. METHODS We compared the resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) based on the seed of the left and right CMA between 37 patients with depression and 30 healthy controls. The severity of depressive and somatic symptoms was assessed using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and the 15-item somatic symptom severity scale of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-15). Correlation analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between the RSFC and clinical variables (HDRS and PHQ-15) in depressed patients. RESULTS Compared with healthy controls, patients with depression exhibited decreased RSFC between the CMA and insula, and superior temporal gyrus. In addition, functional connectivity between the left CMA and left insula was negatively correlated with PHQ-15 (r = -0.348, p = .037) in depressed patients. No significant relation was found between the RSFC and HDRS in depressed patients. CONCLUSIONS Functional connectivity between the CMA and insula is reduced in depressive patients, which is associated with the severity of somatic symptoms. Our findings may provide a potential neural substrate to interpret the co-occurrence of depression with somatic symptoms.
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40
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Liu Y, Shi L, Song X, Shi C, Lou W, Zhang D, Wang AD, Luo L. Altered Brain Regional Homogeneity in First-Degree Relatives of Type 2 Diabetics: A functional MRI Study. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2019; 128:737-744. [PMID: 31137069 DOI: 10.1055/a-0883-4955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate regional homogeneity in the first-: degree relatives of type 2 diabetes patients. METHODS Seventy-eight subjects, including 26 type 2 diabetes patients, 26 first-: degree relatives, and 26 healthy controls, were assessed. All participants underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scanning. The estimated regional homogeneity value was used to evaluate differences in brain activities. RESULTS In first-: degree relatives, we observed significantly decreased regional homogeneity in the left anterior cingulate cortex, left insula, and bilateral temporal lobes, and increased regional homogeneity in the left superior frontal gyrus, right anterior cingulate cortex, and bilateral posterior cingulate cortex compared to healthy controls. In type 2 diabetes patients, we detected altered regional homogeneity in the left anterior cingulate cortex, left insula, bilateral posterior cingulate cortex, and several other brain regions compared to healthy controls. Both first-: degree relatives and type 2 diabetes patients showed decreased regional homogeneity in the left superior temporal gyrus, right middle temporal gyrus, left anterior cingulate cortex, left insula, and increased regional homogeneity in the left superior frontal gyrus and bilateral posterior cingulate cortex. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that altered regional homogeneity in the left anterior cingulate cortex, left insula, left superior frontal gyrus, bilateral posterior cingulate cortex, and bilateral temporal lobes might be a neuroimaging biomarker of type 2 diabetes -: related brain dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyong Liu
- Medical Imaging Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Shi
- Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Research Centre for Medical Image Computing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China.,Chow Yuk Ho Technology Centre for Innovative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiubao Song
- Department of Rehabilitation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Changzheng Shi
- Medical Imaging Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wutao Lou
- Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Research Centre for Medical Image Computing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Medical Imaging Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Alan D Wang
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, and Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Shenzhen SmartView MedTech Limited, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liangping Luo
- Medical Imaging Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Labrenz F, Ferri F, Wrede K, Forsting M, Schedlowski M, Engler H, Elsenbruch S, Benson S, Costantini M. Altered temporal variance and functional connectivity of BOLD signal is associated with state anxiety during acute systemic inflammation. Neuroimage 2018; 184:916-924. [PMID: 30243957 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.09.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic inflammation is accompanied by complex behavioral changes and disturbed emotion regulation that have been related to the pathophysiology of mood disorders including depression and anxiety. However, the causal role of systemic inflammation on mood disorders is still unclear. We herein investigated neural resting state patterns of temporal variance of the amygdala and functional connectivity within the salience network underlying changes in state anxiety during experimentally-induced systemic inflammation. In this randomized, double-blind study, N = 43 healthy men received an intravenous injection of either low-dose lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 0.4 ng/kg body weight) or saline. Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging was assessed before and 3.5 h after injection. State anxiety, assessed with a standardized questionnaire, and plasma cytokine concentrations were repeatedly measured. LPS administration induced a transient systemic inflammatory response reflected in increases in plasma Interleukin (IL)-6 and Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α concentration. Compared to placebo, state anxiety and temporal variance in the amygdala significantly increased while functional connectivity in the salience network decreased during LPS-induced systemic inflammation. Together, these data indicate that acute systemic inflammation alters temporal variance of the BOLD signal as well as functional connectivity in brain regions and networks implicated in emotion processing and regulation. These results are of translational importance to encourage further research on the role of inflammatory pathways in the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric conditions including anxiety disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Labrenz
- Institute of Medical Psychology & Behavioral Immunobiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Francesca Ferri
- Centre for Brain Science, Department of Psychology, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, United Kingdom
| | - Karsten Wrede
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Michael Forsting
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Manfred Schedlowski
- Institute of Medical Psychology & Behavioral Immunobiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Harald Engler
- Institute of Medical Psychology & Behavioral Immunobiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Sigrid Elsenbruch
- Institute of Medical Psychology & Behavioral Immunobiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Sven Benson
- Institute of Medical Psychology & Behavioral Immunobiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Marcello Costantini
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, University G. d'Annunzio, Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti, Italy.
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42
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Verriotis M, Jones L, Whitehead K, Laudiano-Dray M, Panayotidis I, Patel H, Meek J, Fabrizi L, Fitzgerald M. The distribution of pain activity across the human neonatal brain is sex dependent. Neuroimage 2018; 178:69-77. [PMID: 29763673 PMCID: PMC6062722 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In adults, there are differences between male and female structural and functional brain connectivity, specifically for those regions involved in pain processing. This may partly explain the observed sex differences in pain sensitivity, tolerance, and inhibitory control, and in the development of chronic pain. However, it is not known if these differences exist from birth. Cortical activity in response to a painful stimulus can be observed in the human neonatal brain, but this nociceptive activity continues to develop in the postnatal period and is qualitatively different from that of adults, partly due to the considerable cortical maturation during this time. This research aimed to investigate the effects of sex and prematurity on the magnitude and spatial distribution pattern of the long-latency nociceptive event-related potential (nERP) using electroencephalography (EEG). We measured the cortical response time-locked to a clinically required heel lance in 81 neonates born between 29 and 42 weeks gestational age (median postnatal age 4 days). The results show that heel lance results in a spatially widespread nERP response in the majority of newborns. Importantly, a widespread pattern is significantly more likely to occur in females, irrespective of gestational age at birth. This effect is not observed for the short latency somatosensory waveform in the same infants, indicating that it is selective for the nociceptive component of the response. These results suggest the early onset of a greater anatomical and functional connectivity reported in the adult female brain, and indicate the presence of pain-related sex differences from birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine Verriotis
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology, and Pharmacology, University College London, London, WC1E6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Jones
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology, and Pharmacology, University College London, London, WC1E6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Kimberley Whitehead
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology, and Pharmacology, University College London, London, WC1E6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Laudiano-Dray
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology, and Pharmacology, University College London, London, WC1E6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Ismini Panayotidis
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology, and Pharmacology, University College London, London, WC1E6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Hemani Patel
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology, and Pharmacology, University College London, London, WC1E6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Judith Meek
- Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Obstetric Wing, University College London Hospitals, London, WC1E6DB, United Kingdom
| | - Lorenzo Fabrizi
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology, and Pharmacology, University College London, London, WC1E6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Fitzgerald
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology, and Pharmacology, University College London, London, WC1E6BT, United Kingdom.
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Network Neuroscience and Personality. PERSONALITY NEUROSCIENCE 2018; 1:e14. [PMID: 32435733 PMCID: PMC7219685 DOI: 10.1017/pen.2018.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Personality and individual differences originate from the brain. Despite major advances in the affective and cognitive neurosciences, however, it is still not well understood how personality and single personality traits are represented within the brain. Most research on brain-personality correlates has focused either on morphological aspects of the brain such as increases or decreases in local gray matter volume, or has investigated how personality traits can account for individual differences in activation differences in various tasks. Here, we propose that personality neuroscience can be advanced by adding a network perspective on brain structure and function, an endeavor that we label personality network neuroscience. With the rise of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the establishment of connectomics as a theoretical framework for structural and functional connectivity modeling, and recent advancements in the application of mathematical graph theory to brain connectivity data, several new tools and techniques are readily available to be applied in personality neuroscience. The present contribution introduces these concepts, reviews recent progress in their application to the study of individual differences, and explores their potential to advance our understanding of the neural implementation of personality. Trait theorists have long argued that personality traits are biophysical entities that are not mere abstractions of and metaphors for human behavior. Traits are thought to actually exist in the brain, presumably in the form of conceptual nervous systems. A conceptual nervous system refers to the attempt to describe parts of the central nervous system in functional terms with relevance to psychology and behavior. We contend that personality network neuroscience can characterize these conceptual nervous systems on a functional and anatomical level and has the potential do link dispositional neural correlates to actual behavior.
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Xiao T, Zhang S, Lee LE, Chao HH, van Dyck C, Li CSR. Exploring Age-Related Changes in Resting State Functional Connectivity of the Amygdala: From Young to Middle Adulthood. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:209. [PMID: 30061823 PMCID: PMC6055042 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional connectivities of the amygdala support emotional and cognitive processing. Life-span development of resting-state functional connectivities (rsFC) of the amygdala may underlie age-related differences in emotion regulatory mechanisms. To date, age-related changes in amygdala rsFC have been reported through adolescence but not as thoroughly for adulthood. This study investigated age-related differences in amygdala rsFC in 132 young and middle-aged adults (19–55 years). Data processing followed published routines. Overall, amygdala showed positive rsFC with the temporal, sensorimotor and ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), insula and lentiform nucleus, and negative rsFC with visual, frontoparietal, and posterior cingulate cortex and caudate head. Amygdala rsFC with the cerebellum was positively correlated with age, and rsFCs with the dorsal medial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) and somatomotor cortex were negatively correlated with age, at voxel p < 0.001 in combination with cluster p < 0.05 FWE. These age-dependent changes in connectivity appeared to manifest to a greater extent in men than in women, although the sex difference was only evident for the cerebellum in a slope test of age regressions (p = 0.0053). Previous studies showed amygdala interaction with the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and vmPFC during emotion regulation. In region of interest analysis, amygdala rsFC with the ACC and vmPFC did not show age-related changes. These findings suggest that intrinsic connectivity of the amygdala evolved from young to middle adulthood in selective brain regions, and may inform future studies of age-related emotion regulation and maladaptive development of the amygdala circuits as an etiological marker of emotional disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xiao
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Lue-En Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Herta H Chao
- Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, United States
| | - Christopher van Dyck
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Chiang-Shan R Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
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45
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Zhang W, Zhao F, Qin W, Ma L. Altered Spontaneous Regional Brain Activity in the Insula and Visual Areas of Professional Traditional Chinese Pingju Opera Actors. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:450. [PMID: 30018534 PMCID: PMC6037822 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent resting-state fMRI studies have revealed neuroplastic alterations after long-term training. However, the neuroplastic changes that occur in professional traditional Chinese Pingju opera actors remain unclear. Twenty professional traditional Chinese Pingju opera actors and 20 age-, sex-, and handedness-matched laymen were recruited. Resting-state fMRI was obtained by using an echo-planar imaging sequence, and two metrics, amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and regional homogeneity (ReHo), were utilized to assess spontaneous neural activity during resting state. Our results demonstrated that compared with laymen, professional traditional Chinese Pingju actors exhibited significantly decreased ALFF in the bilateral calcarine gyrus and cuneus; decreased ReHo in the bilateral superior occipital and calcarine gyri, cuneus, and right middle occipital gyrus; and increased ReHo in the left anterior insula. In addition, no significant association was found between spontaneous neural activity and Pingju opera training duration. Overall, the changes observed in spontaneous brain activity in professional traditional Chinese Pingju opera actors may indicate their superior performance of multidimensional professional skills, such as music and face perception, dancing, and emotional representation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weitao Zhang
- Department of Radiology, People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fangshi Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Wen Qin
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lin Ma
- Department of Radiology, People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Thalamic Cortical Error-Related Responses in Adult Social Drinkers: Sex Differences and Problem Alcohol Use. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY: COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2018; 3:868-877. [PMID: 29859929 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2018.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Error-related brain activities are altered in individuals with substance use disorders. Here we examined error-related activities in relation to problem drinking in nondependent alcohol drinkers. In particular, we investigated sex differences and whether altered error responses are related to post-error behavioral control. METHODS A sample of 145 nondependent drinkers (77 women) performed the stop-signal task during functional magnetic resonance imaging. Imaging data were processed and modeled using statistical parametric mapping. Independent sample t test and linear regression were employed to examine sex differences in error response and relationship between error response and problem drinking. RESULTS Compared with men, women showed greater error-related (stop error > go success) activations in the bilateral thalamus, right middle/superior temporal cortex, and bilateral dorsal anterior cingulate cortex. In whole-brain linear regression of error responses against the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test score, a wide swath of cortical and subcortical regions, including the thalamus, showed decreased activation in association with problem drinking in women but not in men. However, men and women were not different in the extent of post-error slowing and decreased thalamic error response in association with problem drinking was not related to the extent of post-error slowing in women. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest sex differences in error-related activations with heavier drinking associated with reduced error activations in women but not in men. These differences in cerebral activations may reflect higher physiological arousal in response to errors and greater vulnerability of saliency-related arousal response to problem drinking in female as compared with male social drinkers.
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47
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Hu S, Ide JS, Chao HH, Zhornitsky S, Fischer KA, Wang W, Zhang S, Li CSR. Resting state functional connectivity of the amygdala and problem drinking in non-dependent alcohol drinkers. Drug Alcohol Depend 2018; 185:173-180. [PMID: 29454928 PMCID: PMC5889735 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol misuse is associated with dysfunction of the amygdala-prefrontal cortical circuit. The amygdala and its cortical targets show decreased activity during a variety of task challenges in individuals engaged in problem drinking. On the other hand, it is less clear how amygdala resting state functional connectivity (rsFC) may be altered in association with alcohol misuse and whether such changes are restricted to prefrontal cortical structures. Further, the influences of comorbid substance use and depression and potential sex differences have not been assessed in earlier work. Here, with fMRI data from a Nathan Kline Institute/Rockland sample of 83 non-dependent alcohol drinkers (26 men), we addressed changes in whole brain rsFC of the amygdala in association with problem drinking as indexed by an alcohol involvement score. Imaging data were processed with Statistical Parametric Mapping following standard routines and all results were examined at voxel p < 0.001 uncorrected in combination with cluster p < 0.05 corrected for false discovery rate. Alcohol misuse was correlated with decreased amygdala connectivity with the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) irrespective of depression and other substance use. Changes in amygdala-dACC connectivity manifested in the latero-basal subdivision of the amygdala. Further, men as compared to women showed a significantly stronger relationship in decreased amygdala-dACC connectivity and problem drinking, although it should be noted that men also showed a trend toward higher alcohol involvement score than women. The findings add to a growing literature documenting disrupted amygdala-prefrontal cortical functions in relation to alcohol misuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sien Hu
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Oswego, Oswego, NY 13126, United States; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, United States.
| | - Jaime S. Ide
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519
| | - Herta H. Chao
- Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520,VA Connecticut Healthcare Systems, West Haven, CT 06516
| | - Simon Zhornitsky
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519
| | - Kimberly A. Fischer
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Oswego, Oswego, NY 13126
| | - Wuyi Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519
| | - Chiang-shan R. Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519,Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520,Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520,Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China,Address correspondence to: Dr. Sien Hu, 407 Mahar Hall, Department of Psychology, SUNY Oswego, Oswego, NY 13126, , 315-312-3466; OR Dr. C.-S. Ray Li, Connecticut Mental Health Center S112, 34 Park Street, New Haven, CT 06519, , 203-974-7354
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48
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Abstract
Background The control of food intake in environments with easy access to highly rewarding foods is challenging to most modern societies. The combination of sustained release (SR) naltrexone and SR bupropion (NB32) has been used in weight-loss and obesity management. However, the effects of NB32 on the brain circuits implicated in the regulation of food intake are unknown. Here we used functional connectivity density (FCD) mapping to evaluate the effects of NB32 on resting brain FC. Methods Thirty-six healthy women underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) before and after 4-week treatment with NB32 (n = 16) or with placebo (n = 20). In each imaging visit, a 5-min resting-state functional MRI scan was conducted after 15 h of fasting. The FC of brain regions showing significant group effects on FCD were subsequently assessed using seed-voxel correlation analyses. We characterized the associations between FCD measures and craving control scores in the Control of Eating Questionnaire. Results After NB32 treatment, the group showed lower local and global FCD than the placebo group in the right superior parietal cortex and lower local FCD in the left middle frontal gyrus. Seed-voxel correlation analysis for the right superior parietal cortex seed demonstrated higher positive FC with the dorsal anterior cingulate gyrus (ACC), bilateral insula, and left superior parietal gyrus and stronger negative FC with right inferior frontal gyrus and right superior parietal cortices for the NB32 than the placebo group. Further, the NB32 group showed a significant correlation between local FCD change after treatment in left middle frontal gyrus and craving control scores (r = 0.519, p = 0.039). Conclusions NB32 treatment decreased local and global FCD in superior parietal cortex and increased its connectivity with ACC (involved with saliency attribution), insula (interoception), and decreased local FCD in the medial prefrontal cortex (craving), which might underlie NB32 improved control over eating behaviors. ClinicalTrails.gov: NCT00711.
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49
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Li CSR, Zhang S, Hung CC, Chen CM, Duann JR, Lin CP, Lee TSH. Depression in chronic ketamine users: Sex differences and neural bases. Psychiatry Res 2017; 269:1-8. [PMID: 28892733 PMCID: PMC5634929 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Chronic ketamine use leads to cognitive and affective deficits including depression. Here, we examined sex differences and neural bases of depression in chronic ketamine users. Compared to non-drug using healthy controls (HC), ketamine-using females but not males showed increased depression score as assessed by the Center of Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). We evaluated resting state functional connectivity (rsFC) of the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sgACC), a prefrontal structure consistently implicated in the pathogenesis of depression. Compared to HC, ketamine users (KU) did not demonstrate significant changes in sgACC connectivities at a corrected threshold. However, in KU, a linear regression against CES-D score showed less sgACC connectivity to the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) with increasing depression severity. Examined separately, male and female KU showed higher sgACC connectivity to bilateral superior temporal gyrus and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC), respectively, in correlation with depression. The linear correlation of sgACC-OFC and sgACC-dmPFC connectivity with depression was significantly different in slope between KU and HC. These findings highlighted changes in rsFC of the sgACC as associated with depression and sex differences in these changes in chronic ketamine users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiang-Shan R Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Chia-Chun Hung
- Bali Psychiatric Center, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ming Chen
- Department of Radiology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Ren Duann
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Institute for Neural Computation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ching-Po Lin
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tony Szu-Hsien Lee
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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50
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Fedota JR, Ding X, Matous AL, Salmeron BJ, McKenna MR, Gu H, Ross TJ, Stein EA. Nicotine Abstinence Influences the Calculation of Salience in Discrete Insular Circuits. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY: COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2017. [PMID: 29529410 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2017.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insular subdivisions show distinct patterns of resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) with specific brain regions, each with different functional significance. Seeds in these subdivisions are employed to characterize the effects of acute nicotine abstinence on rsFC between insula subdivisions and brain networks implicated in addiction and attentional control. METHODS In a within-subjects design, resting-state blood oxygen level-dependent data were collected from treatment-seeking smokers (N= 20) following smoking satiety and again following 48 hours of nicotine abstinence. Three right hemisphere insular regions of interest (dorsal, ventral, and posterior) served as seeds for analyses. Indices of both static and dynamic rsFC were obtained and correlated with indices of subjective withdrawal and behavioral performance. RESULTS Abstinence-induced physiological, subjective, and cognitive differences were observed. Overall dynamic rsFC was reduced during abstinence, and circuits containing each insular seed showed changes in rsFC as a function of nicotine abstinence. Specifically, dorsal and posterior insular connections to the default mode and salience networks were enhanced, while a previously undescribed ventral insular connection to the executive control network was reduced. Further, static rsFC was significantly correlated with subjective ratings of aversive affect and withdrawal in the modified ventral and posterior insular-seeded circuits. CONCLUSIONS As predicted, divergent connections between insula subdivisions and anticorrelated resting brain networks were observed during abstinence. These changes reflect an attentional bias toward aversive affective processing and not directly away from exogenous cognitive processing, suggesting a coordinated modulation of circuits associated with interoceptive and affective processing that instantiates an aversive state during nicotine abstinence.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R Fedota
- Neuroimaging Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland.
| | - Xiaoyu Ding
- Neuroimaging Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Allison L Matous
- Neuroimaging Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Betty Jo Salmeron
- Neuroimaging Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Michael R McKenna
- Neuroimaging Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Hong Gu
- Neuroimaging Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Thomas J Ross
- Neuroimaging Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Elliot A Stein
- Neuroimaging Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland
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