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Mehmood K, Suhail A, Kautish P, Hakeem MM, Rashid M. Turning Lemons into Lemonade: Social Support as a Moderator of the Relationship Between Technostress and Quality of Life Among University Students. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2024; 17:989-1006. [PMID: 38495088 PMCID: PMC10941796 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s448989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The overuse of internet-based technologies as a means of coping with the stress they generate has resulted in an alarming level of addiction, adversely impacting the quality of life and overall health of younger individuals. This social detachment, in turn, contributes to both physical and mental health deterioration. The potential remedy for this predicament lies in the application of social support as an antidote to internet addiction. In this context, our present study employs the Stress-Strain-Outcome model to explore the indirect effects of internet addiction and the moderating role of social support in relation to the influence of technostress on the quality of life of adults. Methods We adopted a time-lagged design to collect data from university graduates and evaluated our study hypotheses using Mplus. Results Our empirical findings highlight the significant influence of technostress on internet addiction, with the latter significantly mediating the relationship between technostress and quality of life. Furthermore, our results reveal that social support effectively moderates the indirect effects of technostress on quality of life through its impact on internet addiction. Conclusion These findings can help researchers and educators better understand the underlying mechanisms between technostress and quality of life with social support as the silver lining. This form of social support holds the potential not only to alleviate internet addiction but also to positively enhance the quality of life and overall wellbeing of individuals facing these challenges. The implications of these findings and avenues for future research are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Mehmood
- Research Center of Hubei Micro & Small Enterprises Development, School of Economics and Management, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Aamir Suhail
- Department of Management and Leadership, Business School, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Pradeep Kautish
- Department of Marketing, Institute of Management, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, India
| | | | - Md Rashid
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
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Coșa IM, Dobrean A, Balazsi R. Measurement Invariance of the Lemmens Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-9 Across Age, Gender, and Respondents. Psychiatr Q 2024; 95:137-155. [PMID: 38294619 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-024-10066-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Although Internet gaming disorder (IGD) has gained increased attention in scientific, clinical, and community contexts, there is still a lack of consensus regarding the best assessment tools (i.e., self-report or other reports) for assessing its symptoms. The present study aimed to investigate the reliability, validity, and measurement invariance of both versions (youth and parent) of The Lemmens Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-9. To achieve this goal, we recruited between June and October 2019 from five Romanian highschools a total of 697 adolescents (11-19 years old) and one of their parents (N = 391). The internal consistency was good in both versions of the instrument (α = 0.772 for the youth version and α = 0.781 for the parent version). Construct validity assessed through confirmatory factor analysis showed support for the one factor structure of the scales, while multigroup confirmatory factor analysis endorsed the invariance across age, gender, and respondents (i.e., parent vs. youth report). The current research identifies both IGD scales to be reliable and valid, arguing for their utility for assessing IGD symptomatology among adolescents. Implications for theory, assessment, and future directions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iulia Maria Coșa
- International Institute for The Advanced Studies of Psychotherapy and Applied Mental Health, Babeș-Bolyai University, Republicii Street 37, Cluj-Napoca, 400015, Romania
- Evidence Based Psychological Assessment and Interventions Doctoral School, Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Anca Dobrean
- International Institute for The Advanced Studies of Psychotherapy and Applied Mental Health, Babeș-Bolyai University, Republicii Street 37, Cluj-Napoca, 400015, Romania.
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Babeş-Bolyai University, Republicii Street 37, Cluj-Napoca, 400015, Romania.
| | - Robert Balazsi
- Department of Psychology, Babeș-Bolyai University, No. 37, Republicii Street, Cluj-Napoca, 40015, Romania
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Wartberg L, Spindler C, Berber S, Potzel K, Kammerl R. A Four-Item Questionnaire to Measure Problematic Social Media Use: The Social Media Disorder Test. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:980. [PMID: 38131836 PMCID: PMC10741071 DOI: 10.3390/bs13120980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
While the use of video games and social media is an enjoyable recreational activity for most users, a minority develop problematic patterns of use. In the ICD-11, for the first time, there is a category of "disorders due to addictive behaviors" (including gaming disorder). The scientific literature also suggests a potential for the problematic use of social media. Economic screening tools for this are still needed. A very economical questionnaire to record gaming disorder is the ICD-11-based Gaming Disorder Test (GDT). The purpose of the present survey was to investigate the psychometric properties of an adapted questionnaire (Social Media Disorder Test, SMDT) to assess problematic social media use (PSMU). Therefore, 443 youths (mean age: 20.11 years) were examined with the SMDT and other measures regarding PSMU, self-control, and psychopathology. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and reliability and correlation analyses were conducted. For the SMDT, we observed very good fit indices in the CFA, suggesting a one-factor structure; the reliability coefficient was 0.90, and we found the first indications for criterion validity. If the results can be confirmed, the SMDT, with its four questions, would be a very economical instrument to measure PSMU based on the ICD-11 criteria for behavioral addictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lutz Wartberg
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Human Sciences, MSH Medical School Hamburg, 20457 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carolin Spindler
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Human Sciences, MSH Medical School Hamburg, 20457 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sophia Berber
- Department of Education, Chair for Pedagogy with a Focus on Media Education, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 90478 Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Katrin Potzel
- Department of Education, Chair for Pedagogy with a Focus on Media Education, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 90478 Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Rudolf Kammerl
- Department of Education, Chair for Pedagogy with a Focus on Media Education, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 90478 Nuremberg, Germany
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Chang RS, Lee M, Im JJ, Choi KH, Kim J, Chey J, Shin SH, Ahn WY. Biopsychosocial factors of gaming disorder: a systematic review employing screening tools with well-defined psychometric properties. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1200230. [PMID: 37533885 PMCID: PMC10390702 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1200230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Considering the growing number of gamers worldwide and increasing public concerns regarding the negative consequences of problematic gaming, the aim of the present systematic review was to provide a comprehensive overview of gaming disorder (GD) by identifying empirical studies that investigate biological, psychological, and social factors of GD using screening tools with well-defined psychometric properties. Materials and methods A systematic literature search was conducted through PsycINFO, PubMed, RISS, and KISS, and papers published up to January 2022 were included. Studies were screened based on the GD diagnostic tool usage, and only five scales with well-established psychometric properties were included. A total of 93 studies were included in the synthesis, and the results were classified into three groups based on biological, psychological, and social factors. Results Biological factors (n = 8) included reward, self-concept, brain structure, and functional connectivity. Psychological factors (n = 67) included psychiatric symptoms, psychological health, emotion regulation, personality traits, and other dimensions. Social factors (n = 29) included family, social interaction, culture, school, and social support. Discussion When the excess amount of assessment tools with varying psychometric properties were controlled for, mixed results were observed with regards to impulsivity, social relations, and family-related factors, and some domains suffered from a lack of study results to confirm any relevant patterns. Conclusion More longitudinal and neurobiological studies, consensus on a diagnostic tool with well-defined psychometric properties, and an in-depth understanding of gaming-related factors should be established to settle the debate regarding psychometric weaknesses of the current diagnostic system and for GD to gain greater legitimacy in the field of behavioral addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose Seoyoung Chang
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minju Lee
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jooyeon Jamie Im
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee-Hong Choi
- School of Psychology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jueun Kim
- Department of Psychology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeanyung Chey
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Ho Shin
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Dr. Shin’s Neuropsychiatric Clinic, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Young Ahn
- Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Wartberg L, Potzel K, Spindler C, Kammerl R. The Big Five Personality Domains and Their Facets: Empirical Relations to Problematic Use of Video Games, Social Media and Alcohol. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:444. [PMID: 37366696 DOI: 10.3390/bs13060444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Relatively common behavioral patterns in adolescence are problematic use of video games (PG), social media (PSMU) or alcohol (PAU). According to theoretical models, personality traits are relevant for Internet-related problematic behaviors. In the present study, associations of the Big Five personality domains and their 15 facets with PG, PSMU and PAU were compared for the first time. Therefore, 492 adolescents (mean age: 16.83 years) were examined with the established Big Five Inventory-2 as well as other standardized questionnaires on PG, PSMU and PAU. For statistical evaluation, correlation analyses were used as bivariate procedures and multiple regression analyses as multivariable procedures. At the personality domain level, consistently in bivariate and multivariate analyses, statistically significant associations between higher Negative Emotionality (Neuroticism) and PG, PSMU and PAU as well as between lower Open-Mindedness and PG and PAU were observed. At the level of facets, higher Anxiety (facet of Negative Emotionality) was related to PG and PSMU as well as lower Aesthetic Sensitivity (facet of Open-Mindedness) and lower Productiveness (facet of Conscientiousness) to PG. Considering the overlap of 95% confidence intervals, very comparable patterns of associations between PG, PSMU and PAU and the Big Five and their facets were observed in adolescence (indicating similarities in etiology).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lutz Wartberg
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Human Sciences, MSH Medical School Hamburg, 20457 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katrin Potzel
- Department of Education, Chair for Pedagogy with a Focus on Media Education, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 90478 Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Carolin Spindler
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Human Sciences, MSH Medical School Hamburg, 20457 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rudolf Kammerl
- Department of Education, Chair for Pedagogy with a Focus on Media Education, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 90478 Nuremberg, Germany
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Wischert-Zielke M, Barke A. Differences between recreational gamers and Internet Gaming Disorder candidates in a sample of Animal Crossing: New Horizons players. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5102. [PMID: 36991080 PMCID: PMC10050812 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32113-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Throughout the last decade, research has considered players' gaming motives as risk and the perceived social support (PSS) as protective factors in the context of Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD). However, the literature is lacking diversity regarding the representation of female gamers as well as of casual and console-based games. The aim of this study was to assess IGD, gaming motives, and PSS comparing recreational gamers and IGD candidates in a sample of Animal Crossing: New Horizons players. A total of 2909 ACNH players (93.7% of them female gamers) took part in an online survey which collected demographic, gaming-related, motivational, and psychopathologic data. Using the cut-off of at least five positive answers to the IGDQ, potential IGD candidates were identified. ACNH players reported a high prevalence rate for IGD (10.3%). IGD candidates differed from recreational players regarding age, sex, and game-related, motivational, and psychopathological variables. A binary logistic regression model was computed to predict membership in the potential IGD group. Age, PSS, escapism and competition motives as well as psychopathology were significant predictors. To discuss IGD in the context of casual gaming, we consider demographic, motivational, and psychopathological player characteristics as well as game design and the COVID-19 pandemic. IGD research needs to broaden its focus concerning game types as well as gamer populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Wischert-Zielke
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Department of American Studies, Catholic University of Eichstätt-Ingolstadt, Eichstätt, Germany.
| | - Antonia Barke
- Clinical Psychology and Psychological Interventions, Institute of Psychology, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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Borrello L, Antonelli P, Salvatori G, Dèttore D. The Relationship Between Love Addiction and Sex Addiction and the Influence of Social Support: An Exploratory Empirical Research. SEXUAL HEALTH & COMPULSIVITY 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/26929953.2023.2185715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Paolo Antonelli
- Integrated Center of Clinical Sexology, Florence, Italy
- University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Kaya A, Türk N, Batmaz H, Griffiths MD. Online Gaming Addiction and Basic Psychological Needs Among Adolescents: The Mediating Roles of Meaning in Life and Responsibility. Int J Ment Health Addict 2023:1-25. [PMID: 36643385 PMCID: PMC9831379 DOI: 10.1007/s11469-022-00994-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Individuals whose basic needs are naturally satisfied are much less dependent on their environment and more autonomous. Basic psychological needs (i.e., the general motivators of human actions) are significant predictors of online gaming addiction. Moreover, it has been posited that meaning and responsibility in life are at the center of life from an existential point of view. Therefore, a hypothetical model was tested to examine the relationships between basic psychological needs (autonomy, competence, relatedness), online gaming addiction, responsibility, and meaning in life. Data were collected from a sample of 546 participants. Mediation analysis was conducted, and the results indicated that basic psychological needs, online gaming addiction, responsibility, and meaning in life had significant negative and positive relationships. The findings indicated that responsibility and meaning in life had a serial mediating effect in the relationship between basic psychological needs and online gaming addiction. The findings also showed that the inverse relationship between online gaming addiction and basic psychological needs was at least partially explained by meaning in life and responsibility. The results of the present study are of great importance and suggest that interventions to satisfy the basic psychological needs of adolescents may help prevent online gaming addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alican Kaya
- Department of Guidance and Psychological Counselling, Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen University, Ağrı, Turkey
| | - Nuri Türk
- Department of Guidance and Psychological Counselling, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey
| | - Hasan Batmaz
- Department of Guidance and Psychological Counselling, Sakarya University PhD Student, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Mark D. Griffiths
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, 50 Shakespeare Street, Nottingham, NG1 4FQ UK
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9
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Wartberg L, Kramer M, Potzel K, Kammerl R. Problematic Use of Video Games, Social Media, and Alcohol: Associations with Mother-Child Relationship. Psychopathology 2023; 56:117-126. [PMID: 35780771 DOI: 10.1159/000525148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION According to current concepts of developmental tasks, both the use of digital media and the consumption of psychotropic substances are age-typical challenges for adolescents. The majority overcomes these developmental tasks, but a substantial proportion of youth develops problematic usage patterns (e.g., of video games) or problematic consumption behavior (e.g., of alcohol). Empirical findings show the importance of family aspects for these problematic behavior patterns. Currently, it is not clear which specific areas of parent-child relationship are associated in each case and whether there are differences between substance-related and substance-unrelated problematic behavioral patterns. METHODS We surveyed 480 adolescents (45.2% females, mean age = 16.84 years) with standardized instruments regarding the mother-child relationship as well as problematic gaming, problematic social media use, and problematic alcohol use. We conducted correlation and multiple linear regression analyses (separately for problematic gaming, problematic social media use, and problematic alcohol use) as well as a multivariate multiple regression analysis. RESULTS In the regression analyses, more conflicts with the mother were related to all three behavioral patterns. However, lower cohesion was only statistically significantly associated with problematic alcohol use, but not with problematic gaming and problematic social media use, whereas lower autonomy and more frequent punishment of the child were statistically significantly related to problematic gaming and problematic social media use, but not to problematic alcohol use. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION The findings indicate partially different relational dynamics for substance-related and substance-unrelated problem behaviors (interestingly, for cohesion and autonomy, the 95% confidence intervals of the standardized regression coefficients were not overlapping). The results of the present study could be used in family-based prevention approaches or in treatments in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lutz Wartberg
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Human Sciences, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michaela Kramer
- Department of Education, Chair for Pedagogy with a Focus on Media Education, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Katrin Potzel
- Department of Education, Chair for Pedagogy with a Focus on Media Education, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Rudolf Kammerl
- Department of Education, Chair for Pedagogy with a Focus on Media Education, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Bavaria, Germany
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Coşa IM, Dobrean A, Georgescu RD, Păsărelu CR. Parental behaviors associated with internet gaming disorder in children and adolescents: A quantitative meta-analysis. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-04018-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Gisbert-Pérez J, Martí-Vilar M, Merino-Soto C, Vallejos-Flores M. Reliability Generalization Meta-Analysis of Internet Gaming Disorder Scale. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:1992. [PMID: 36292440 PMCID: PMC9602491 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10101992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to carry out a reliability generalization meta-analysis of the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale (IGDS) to find out if it presents adequate values that justify its application in its four versions: original and abbreviated with dichotomous or ordinal response. A systematic review including 26 studies that apply this instrument from 2015 to June 2022 was conducted. For each version, a reliability generalization meta-analysis was performed with the random coefficients (RC) and varying coefficients (VC) model. Results showed reliability levels > 0.80 in the ordinal versions (IGDS9P and IGDS27P) and in the dichotomous 27-item version (IGDS27D), while the dichotomous 9-item version (IGDS9D) produced levels > 0.70. High heterogeneity was found in all versions (I2 > 95%; Rb > 90%). Cronbach’s α means with both models (RC-VC) did not differ significantly except for the IGDS9D version. It is concluded that, considering the dependence of the results on sample size, abbreviated versions do not guarantee that reliability remains acceptable, and dichotomous versions may provide limited but acceptable reliability. Finally, IGDS27P version is recommended in contexts where high precision is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júlia Gisbert-Pérez
- Departamento de Psicología Básica, Facultad de Psicología y Logopedia, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Manuel Martí-Vilar
- Departamento de Psicología Básica, Facultad de Psicología y Logopedia, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - César Merino-Soto
- Instituto de Investigación de Psicología, Universidad de San Martín de Porres, 15026 Lima, Peru
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Tang Y, Liao Z, Huang S, Hao J, Huang Q, Chen X, Lin S, Li Y, Qi J, Shen H. Development and Validation of a Risk Assessment Tool for Gaming Disorder in China: The Gaming Hazard Assessment Scale. Front Public Health 2022; 10:870358. [PMID: 35480584 PMCID: PMC9035820 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.870358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the growing research interest in gaming disorder, risk screening tools developed specifically for the Chinese population are still lacking. This study aimed to construct a screening tool to evaluate the risk of gaming disorder (GD) development, by assessing the severity of GD symptoms among Chinese gamers, based on clinical expert interviews, structured interviews with GD patients, a background literature review, and IGD/GD criteria proposed by the DSM-5 and ICD-11. It introduced the Gaming Hazard Assessment Scale—a multidimensional GD risk screening tool—and evaluated the dimension structure, reliability, and validity of the scale among 959 Chinese gamers. A three-level structure, consisting of 18 items scored from 0 to 54, ultimately indicated satisfactory reliability, good validity, and acceptable model fit. The scale will help large-scale initial screening and early identification of patients with a high risk of GD. Further evaluation of the Gaming Hazard Assessment Scale in clinical settings is highly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Tang
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Chinese National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhenjiang Liao
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Chinese National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shucai Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People's Hospital of Wuhu, Wuhu, China
| | - Jingyue Hao
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Chinese National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiuping Huang
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Chinese National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xinxin Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Chinese National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuhong Lin
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Chinese National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - YiFan Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Chinese National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Qi
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Hongxian Shen
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hunan Medical Center for Mental Health, Chinese National Technology Institute on Mental Disorders, Institute of Mental Health of Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Hongxian Shen
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Zhang J, Hong L, Ma G. Socioeconomic Status, Peer Social Capital, and Quality of Life of High School Students During COVID-19: A Mediation Analysis. APPLIED RESEARCH IN QUALITY OF LIFE 2022; 17:3005-3021. [PMID: 35342485 PMCID: PMC8935264 DOI: 10.1007/s11482-022-10050-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This paper investigates how peer social capital mediates associations between socioeconomic status and quality of life among adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using survey data and school administration records collected at a high school (N = 1,736) in a coastal province in China, the results demonstrate that adolescents' socioeconomic status is associated strongly with their quality of life. When students were learning at home during COVID-19 school closures, peer social capital exerted a mediating effect on the association between socioeconomic status and quality of life. Most importantly, while peer social capital rooted in the real world seemed to be related positively to higher quality of life, peer social capital in the virtual world led to lower quality of life. These findings suggest that peer social capital might manifest different impact mechanisms for adolescents during the pandemic. Theoretical contributions and policy implications are discussed in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Zhang
- Center of Social Welfare and Governance, Department of Social Welfare and Risk Management, School of Public Affairs, Zhejiang University, Room 912, School of Public Affairs, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, City of Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province China
| | - Liu Hong
- Department of Social Work, School of Social Development and Public Policy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gaoming Ma
- Center of Social Welfare and Governance, Department of Social Welfare and Risk Management, School of Public Affairs, Zhejiang University, Room 912, School of Public Affairs, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, City of Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province China
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Yu Y, Peng L, Mo PKH, Yang X, Cai Y, Ma L, She R, Lau JTF. Association between relationship adaptation and Internet gaming disorder among first-year secondary school students in China: Mediation effects via social support and loneliness. Addict Behav 2022; 125:107166. [PMID: 34782208 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.107166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Adolescents encounter numerous challenges and need to restructure their social relationships when they enter secondary schools. Relationship adaptation is critical and failure in adaptation may be associated with Internet gaming disorder (IGD). This novel study investigated the association between relationship adaptation and IGD and related mediation mechanisms via social support and loneliness among first-year secondary school students in Shanghai and Xi'an, China in 2018. Of 2573 participants, the prevalence of IGD was 13.1%. Relationship adaptation, social support, and loneliness were all significantly associated with IGD. The association between relationship adaptation and IGD was fully mediated by three indirect paths, including relationship adaptation → social support → IGD (effect size = 35.5%), relationship adaptation → loneliness → IGD (effect size = 34.3%), and relationship adaptation → social support → loneliness → IGD (effect size = 6.1%). In conclusion, the observed high prevalence of IGD among first-year secondary school students in China was associated with poor relationship adaptation. The full mediation effects via social support and loneliness suggest that modification of these two psychosocial attributes may effectively reduce the harmful impacts of poor relationship adaptation on adolescent IGD. Future longitudinal studies are warranted to confirm the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiu Yu
- Centre for Health Behaviours Research, Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Luanting Peng
- Centre for Health Behaviours Research, Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Hangzhou TigerMed Consulting Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Phoenix K H Mo
- Centre for Health Behaviours Research, Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Centre for Health Behaviours Research, Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yong Cai
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Le Ma
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiao Tong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Rui She
- Centre for Health Behaviours Research, Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Joseph T F Lau
- Centre for Health Behaviours Research, Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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15
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Gjoneska B, Potenza MN, Jones J, Corazza O, Hall N, Sales CMD, Grünblatt E, Martinotti G, Burkauskas J, Werling AM, Walitza S, Zohar J, Menchón JM, Király O, Chamberlain SR, Fineberg NA, Demetrovics Z. Problematic use of the internet during the COVID-19 pandemic: Good practices and mental health recommendations. Compr Psychiatry 2022; 112:152279. [PMID: 34700188 PMCID: PMC8529894 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2021.152279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
With the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and the accelerated spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus came jurisdictional limitations on mobility of citizens and distinct alterations in their daily routines. Confined to their homes, many people increased their overall internet use, with problematic use of the internet (PUI) becoming a potential reason for increased mental health concerns. Our narrative review summarizes information on the extent of PUI during the pandemic, by focusing on three types: online gaming, gambling and pornography viewing. We conclude by providing guidance for mental health professionals and those affected by PUI (with an outline of immediate research priorities and best therapeutic approaches), as well as for the general public (with an overview of safe and preventative practices).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marc N Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry and Child Study Centre, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Connecticut Mental Health Centre, New Haven, CT, USA; Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, Wethersfield, CT, USA.
| | - Julia Jones
- Centre for Research in Public Health and Community Care, University of Hertfordshire, UK.
| | - Ornella Corazza
- Department of Clinical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, UK; Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
| | - Natalie Hall
- Centre for Health Services and Clinical Research, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK.
| | - Célia M D Sales
- Centre for Psychology, University of Porto, Portugal; Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, Portugal.
| | - Edna Grünblatt
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and the ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Giovanni Martinotti
- Department of Clinical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, UK; Department of Neuroscience, Imaging, Clinical Sciences, University "Gabriele d'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, Italy.
| | - Julius Burkauskas
- Laboratory of Behavioral Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Palanga, Lithuania.
| | - Anna Maria Werling
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Susanne Walitza
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and the ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Joseph Zohar
- Sackler Medical School, Tel Aviv University, Chaim Sheba Medical Center Tel Hashomer, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - José M Menchón
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, University of Barcelona, Cibersam, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Orsolya Király
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Samuel R Chamberlain
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; Southern Health NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.
| | - Naomi A Fineberg
- University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK; Hertfordshire Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust, Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire, UK; University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Zsolt Demetrovics
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary; Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Gibraltar.
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16
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Dieris-Hirche J, Te Wildt BT, Pape M, Bottel L, Steinbüchel T, Kessler H, Herpertz S. Quality of Life in Internet Use Disorder Patients With and Without Comorbid Mental Disorders. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:862208. [PMID: 35401273 PMCID: PMC8987191 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.862208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Evidence from clinical studies on quality of life (QoL) in patients suffering from internet use disorders (IUD) is still limited. Furthermore, the impact of additional mental comorbidities on QoL in IUD patients has rarely been investigated yet. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a cross-sectional clinical study 149 male subjects were analyzed for the presence and severity of an IUD as well as other mental disorders by experienced clinicians. The sample consisted of 60 IUD patients with and without comorbid mental disorders, 34 non-IUD patients with other mental disorders, and 55 healthy participants. Standardized clinical interviews (M.I.N.I. 6.0.0) and questionnaires on IUD symptom severity (s-IAT), QoL (WHOQOL-BREF), depression and anxiety symptoms (BDI-II and BAI), and general psychological symptoms (BSI) were used. RESULTS Internet use disorder patients showed significantly reduced QoL compared to healthy controls (Cohen's d = 1.64-1.97). Furthermore, IUD patients suffering from comorbid mental disorders showed significantly decreased levels of physical, social, and environmental QoL compared to IUD patients without any comorbidity (p < 0.05-0.001). Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that low levels of psychological, social and environmental QoL were mainly predicted by symptoms of depression. IUD factors were only significant predictors for the social and physical QoL. DISCUSSION Internet use disorder patients with comorbid mental disorder reported the lowest QoL. Depression symptom severity was the most significant predictor of low QoL in IUD. Strategies to reduce depressive symptoms should therefore be considered in IUD treatment to increase patients' QoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Dieris-Hirche
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, LWL-University Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Bert Theodor Te Wildt
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, LWL-University Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Psychosomatic Hospital Diessen Monastery, Dießen am Ammersee, Germany
| | - Magdalena Pape
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, LWL-University Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Laura Bottel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, LWL-University Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Toni Steinbüchel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, LWL-University Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Henrik Kessler
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, LWL-University Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Stephan Herpertz
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, LWL-University Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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17
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Seo EH, Yang HJ, Kim SG, Park SC, Lee SK, Yoon HJ. A Literature Review on the Efficacy and Related Neural Effects of Pharmacological and Psychosocial Treatments in Individuals With Internet Gaming Disorder. Psychiatry Investig 2021; 18:1149-1163. [PMID: 34872237 PMCID: PMC8721297 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2021.0207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Internet gaming disorder (IGD) has attracted considerable attention as a serious mental and public health issue worldwide. Currently, there are no established treatment guidelines for IGD. Herein, we review the latest findings on the efficacy and related neural effects of pharmacological and psychosocial treatments for individuals with IGD. METHODS A database search of relevant studies published between 2007 and 2020 was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar. Twenty-seven studies were reviewed for current evidence related to the efficacy and neural effects of pharmacological and psychosocial IGD treatments. RESULTS Pharmacological studies suggest that bupropion may play a significant role in IGD. Additionally, nuclear imaging studies on IGD have demonstrated functional impairment of the dopamine system, providing a neurobiological basis for the efficacy of dopamineenhancing drugs. Among the various psychosocial interventions, current evidence suggests that cognitive behavioral therapy may be an effective intervention for IGD. Cognitive behavioral therapy and bupropion were found to influence resting-state functional connectivity within the cortico-subcortical circuit and default mode network, suggesting a possible neural mechanism. Innovative approaches, including virtual reality treatment, residential camps, voluntary abstinence, and transcranial direct current stimulation, have shown promising results. However, methodological limitations, such as the absence of proper controls, small sample sizes, short duration, inconsistency of inclusion criteria across studies, and self-report measures of outcome, hamper conclusions regarding the efficacy of treatments. CONCLUSION Ongoing basic research and clinical trials overcoming these limitations could add to the existing knowledge on IGD and contribute to the development of evidence-based treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Hyun Seo
- Premedical Science, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Jung Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Chosun University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Gon Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Chosun University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Cheol Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Kyu Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Jun Yoon
- Department of Psychiatry, Chosun University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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18
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Gallegos C, Connor K, Zuba L. Addressing internet gaming disorder in children and adolescents. Nursing 2021; 51:34-38. [PMID: 34807860 DOI: 10.1097/01.nurse.0000800088.75612.0f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Internet gaming disorder (IGD) has been recognized as a potential behavioral addiction that warrants further research. This article discusses the signs, symptoms, and risk factors of this behavioral addiction as well as nursing interventions to support children and adolescents with IGD and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara Gallegos
- At Boise State University's School of Nursing, Cara Gallegos and Kelley Connor are associate professors, and Lauren Zuba is an undergraduate nursing student
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19
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Yu Y, Mo PKH, Zhang J, Li J, Lau JTF. Impulsivity, Self-control, Interpersonal Influences, and Maladaptive Cognitions as Factors of Internet Gaming Disorder Among Adolescents in China: Cross-sectional Mediation Study. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e26810. [PMID: 34704960 PMCID: PMC8581749 DOI: 10.2196/26810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Gaming disorder, including internet gaming disorder (IGD), was recently defined by the World Health Organization as a mental disease in the 11th Revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11). Thus, reducing IGD is warranted. Maladaptive cognitions related to internet gaming (MCIG) have been associated with IGD, while impulsivity, self-control, parental influences, and peer influences are key risk factors of IGD. Previous literature suggests that MCIG is associated with the aforementioned 4 risk factors and IGD, and may thus mediate between these risk factors and IGD. These potential mediations, if significant, imply that modification of MCIG may possibly alleviate these risk factors’ harmful impacts on increasing IGD. These mediation hypotheses were tested in this study for the first time. Objective This study tested the mediation effects of MCIG between intrapersonal factors (impulsivity and self-control) and IGD, and between interpersonal factors (parental influences and peer influences) and IGD among adolescents in China. Methods An anonymous, cross-sectional, and self-administered survey was conducted among secondary school students in classroom settings in Guangzhou and Chengdu, China. All grade 7 to 9 students (7 to 9 years of formal education) of 7 secondary schools were invited to join the study, and 3087 completed the survey. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) checklist was used to assess IGD. MCIG was assessed by using the Chinese version of the Revised Internet Gaming Cognition Scale. Impulsivity, self-control, and parental or peer influences were measured by using the motor subscale of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, the Brief Self-Control Scale, and the modified interpersonal influence scale, respectively. Structural equation modeling was conducted to examine the mediation effects of MCIG between these risk factors and IGD. Results The prevalence of IGD was 13.57% (418/3081) and 17.67% (366/2071) among all participants and adolescent internet gamers, respectively. The 3 types of MCIG (perceived rewards of internet gaming, perceived urges for playing internet games, and perceived unwillingness to stop playing without completion of gaming tasks) were positively associated with IGD. Impulsivity, self-control, parental influences, and peer influences were all significantly associated with the 3 types of MCIG and IGD. The 3 types of MCIG partially mediated the associations between the studied factors and IGD (effect size of 30.0% to 37.8%). Conclusions Impulsivity, self-control, and interpersonal influences had both direct and indirect effects via MCIG on IGD. Modifications of the 3 types of MCIG can potentially reduce the harmful impacts of impulsivity and interpersonal influences on IGD and enhance the protective effect of self-control against IGD. Future longitudinal studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiu Yu
- Center for Health Behaviours Research, Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Phoenix Kit-Han Mo
- Center for Health Behaviours Research, Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Jianxin Zhang
- West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jibin Li
- Department of Clinical Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Joseph Tak-Fai Lau
- Center for Health Behaviours Research, Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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20
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Cuong VM, Assanangkornchai S, Wichaidit W, Minh Hanh VT, My Hanh HT. Associations between gaming disorder, parent-child relationship, parental supervision, and discipline styles: Findings from a school-based survey during the COVID-19 pandemic in Vietnam. J Behav Addict 2021; 10:722-730. [PMID: 34564065 PMCID: PMC8997202 DOI: 10.1556/2006.2021.00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Vietnam implemented numerous measures to reduce the transmission of COVID-19 among school students, including study-at-home/self-quarantine. During the study-at-home period, adolescents may engage in more video gaming than usual, potentially contributing to gaming disorder. However, the regionally-representative prevalence of gaming disorder and its association with parenting practice and discipline practice have not been described. We assessed the prevalence of gaming disorder among Vietnamese adolescents during the initial 6 months of the COVID-19 pandemic and the associations between gaming disorder and parenting practice and discipline practice. METHODS We conducted a school-based, self-administered cross-sectional survey of 2,084 students in Hanoi, Vietnam (response rate = 97.1%). The survey included standardized instruments translated from English to Vietnamese. We performed multilevel logistic regressions to assess the associations between parenting practice, discipline practice, and gaming disorder. RESULTS The prevalence of gaming disorder among the respondents was 11.6%. Healthy parent-child relationship was protective against gaming disorder (Adj OR = 0.36; 95% CI = 0.21, 0.62). Non-supervision, non-discipline, violent discipline were positively associated with gaming disorder. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS We found associations between gaming disorder and parent-child relationship, parental supervision, and parental discipline. Future interventional studies should consider assessing the effect of fostering healthy parent-child relationships and appropriate discipline on the occurrence or prognosis of gaming disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vu Manh Cuong
- Health Strategy and Policy Institute, Vietnam Ministry of Health, Hanoi, Vietnam,Epidemiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
| | - Sawitri Assanangkornchai
- Epidemiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand,Corresponding author. E-mail:
| | - Wit Wichaidit
- Epidemiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
| | - Vu Thi Minh Hanh
- Health Strategy and Policy Institute, Vietnam Ministry of Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hoang Thi My Hanh
- Health Strategy and Policy Institute, Vietnam Ministry of Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
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21
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Wartberg L, Bröning S, Lindenberg K. Problematic Gaming in Youth and Its Association with Different Dimensions of Quality of Life. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR KINDER-UND JUGENDPSYCHIATRIE UND PSYCHOTHERAPIE 2021; 50:9-15. [PMID: 34110245 DOI: 10.1024/1422-4917/a000810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The problematic use of computer games was included in the DSM-5 and in the ICD-11. Initial research revealed associations between problematic gaming (PG) and quality of life (QoL). However, clarification is needed concerning which dimensions of the multidimensional construct QoL are particularly relevant for PG. Method: To answer this question empirically, we asked 503 parents (mean age: 47.63 years) to rate their 503 children (average age: 14.60 years) regarding QoL and PG, using validated questionnaires on parental assessments of adolescent PG and health-related QoL to collect the data. Correlation analyses were calculated to determine bivariate relations, and a multiple linear regression was used to conduct a multivariable analysis. Results: In the bivariate analyses, a higher severity of PG was associated with a lower health-related QoL in all five surveyed dimensions. In the multivariable model (corrected R2 = 0.35), we observed statistically significant associations between higher severity of PG and male sex and lower age of the adolescent as well as lower QoL in the dimensions of physical well-being and school environment. Conclusions: According to the findings of the present study, physical well-being and school environment should be especially focused on in preventive approaches against the development of PG in youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lutz Wartberg
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Human Sciences, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sonja Bröning
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Human Sciences, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Germany
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22
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Ling SL, Nik Jaafar NR, Tan KA, Bahar N, Baharudin A, Ahmad Tajjudin AI. Psychometric Properties of the Malay Version of the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form (IGDS9-SF-M): Evidence from a Sample of Malaysian Undergraduates. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18052592. [PMID: 33807598 PMCID: PMC7967390 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, increased interest in Internet Gaming Disorder has led to the development of the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form. Translation and subsequent validation of such a scale are important for cross-cultural use. The aim of the present study was to examine the psychometric properties (factor structure, reliability, and validity) of the Malay Version of the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form using a sample of Malaysian undergraduates. The present sample included 137 Malaysian undergraduates. Participants completed a self-administered online survey containing demographic items, the Malay Version of the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form, the Problematic Online Gaming Questionnaire-Short Form, and the Malay Version of the Internet Addiction Test. The present findings confirm the one-factor model of the Malay Version of the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form. Good reliability, as measured by Cronbach alpha, was found for the Malay Version of the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form. The Malay Version of the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form has demonstrated concurrent validity by significantly correlating with the Problematic Online Gaming Questionnaire-Short Form as well as demonstrated convergent validity with respect to the Malay Version of the Internet Addiction Test. The Malay Version of the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form is a reliable and valid tool for assessing Internet Gaming Disorder in Malaysian undergraduates. As more research is still needed to confirm the status of Internet Gaming Disorder as a formal disorder, it is hoped that the Malay Version of the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form can facilitate future research examining antecedents and consequences of Internet Gaming Disorder in a Malaysian setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiao Ling Ling
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital Kajang, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Nik Ruzyanei Nik Jaafar
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;
- Malaysian Society of Internet Addiction Prevention, Serdang 43400 UPM, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Correspondence: (N.R.N.J.); (K.-A.T.)
| | - Kit-Aun Tan
- Malaysian Society of Internet Addiction Prevention, Serdang 43400 UPM, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400 UPM, Selangor, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (N.R.N.J.); (K.-A.T.)
| | - Norharlina Bahar
- Malaysian Society of Internet Addiction Prevention, Serdang 43400 UPM, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Department of Psychiatry, Prince Court Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur 50450, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Azlin Baharudin
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;
- Malaysian Society of Internet Addiction Prevention, Serdang 43400 UPM, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Ahmad Izzat Ahmad Tajjudin
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai 71800, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia;
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23
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Uçur Ö, Dönmez YE. Problematic internet gaming in adolescents, and its relationship with emotional regulation and perceived social support. Psychiatry Res 2021; 296:113678. [PMID: 33412424 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Technological developments and the increased use of the internet have created some risks for adolescents, including problematic internet gaming (PIG). The aim of this study is to investigate the role of age, gender, emotional dysregulation and perceived social support in PIG. The study was conducted with 1,291 adolescents. Participants completed the game addiction scale (GAS), difficulties in emotion regulation scale (DERS), and multidimensional scale of perceived social support (MSPSS) under the observation of their teachers. According to the results of the GAS, participants were divided into two groups: those with PIG and those without PIG. The effect of age, gender, DERS scores, and MSPSS scores on PIG was investigated using stepwise logistic regression analysis. The mean age of participants was 14.7 years and the frequency of PIG was 13.5% (n = 144). The frequency of PIG was significantly higher in males than in females. The results showed that male gender, high emotional dysregulation and low perceived social support were significantly associated with PIG. The present study indicate that PIG is highly observed in adolescents, especially in males, and as in other behavioral addictions, emotional dysregulation and perceived social support can play an important role in PIG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ömer Uçur
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Malatya Training and Research Hospital, Malatya/Turkey.
| | - Yunus Emre Dönmez
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Inonu University, Malatya/Turkey
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24
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Fazeli S, Mohammadi Zeidi I, Lin CY, Namdar P, Griffiths MD, Ahorsu DK, Pakpour AH. Depression, anxiety, and stress mediate the associations between internet gaming disorder, insomnia, and quality of life during the COVID-19 outbreak. Addict Behav Rep 2020; 12:100307. [PMID: 33110934 PMCID: PMC7581367 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2020.100307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND For many individuals, the COVID-19 outbreak has increased their psychological distress, changed their behaviors, and impacted their health. With more time spent indoors, many individuals have engaged in increased videogame playing. However, the associations between such behaviors during the COVID-19 outbreak period is unclear. OBJECTIVE The present study examined the mediating role of psychological distress (depression, anxiety, and stress) in the association between internet gaming disorder (IGD) and two health outcomes (insomnia quality of life) among adolescents during this COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS A cross-sectional study comprising adolescents (N = 1512) aged 13-18 years (mean age = 15.51 years) was utilized to assess measures on insomnia, depression, anxiety, and stress, IGD, and quality of life during the COVID-19 pandemic. RESULTS There were small to large significant relationships between the variables. Psychological distress (i.e., depression, anxiety, and stress) served as a strong mediator in the association between IGD and insomnia and quality of life. IGD directly influenced insomnia and quality of life among the participants. CONCLUSIONS IGD is associated with different psychosocial outcomes comprising multiple pathways. Parents need to pay special attention to how much time and how frequently their children play videogames. Parents may need to assist their children in coping with psychological distress during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Fazeli
- Student Research Committee, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Isa Mohammadi Zeidi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Chung-Ying Lin
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Peyman Namdar
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | | | - Daniel Kwasi Ahorsu
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health & Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Amir H. Pakpour
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
- Department of Nursing, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
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Teng Z, Pontes HM, Nie Q, Xiang G, Griffiths MD, Guo C. Internet gaming disorder and psychosocial well-being: A longitudinal study of older-aged adolescents and emerging adults. Addict Behav 2020; 110:106530. [PMID: 32683173 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The American Psychiatric Association defined Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) within Section III of the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders as a tentative disorder requiring further research. Although cross-sectional studies have suggested that IGD is closely associated with poorer psychosocial well-being, longitudinal studies scarce, and whether poorer psychosocial well-being is the cause or effect of IGD is still unclear. To address this issue, a longitudinal study including three-wave data from older-aged adolescents and emerging adults (1,054 first-year university students, age range 17-21 years, 41.2% male) was conducted. Cross-lagged panel models were tested to examine the longitudinal association between IGD and psychosocial well-being. The results suggested that IGD negatively affects variables of psychosocial well-being (i.e., self-esteem, social support, and life satisfaction), but not vice versa. The results supported the interpersonal impairment hypothesis, which conceptualizes IGD as a maladaptive response leading to poorer psychosocial well-being. Furthermore, the results also showed that IGD was negatively associated with self-esteem and social support across all three waves with gender differences across these associations and larger correlations for males in comparison to females. In conclusion, the study findings highlight that the classification of IGD as a mental health disorder is appropriate, and that the condition is a risk factor for impaired psychosocial well-being in late adolescence and early adulthood.
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Empirical Relationships between Problematic Alcohol Use and a Problematic Use of Video Games, Social Media and the Internet and Their Associations to Mental Health in Adolescence. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17176098. [PMID: 32825700 PMCID: PMC7503582 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Adolescents frequently show risky behavior, and these problematic behavior patterns often do not occur in isolation, but together. Problematic alcohol use is widespread among youth, as is problematic use of the Internet and of specific online applications (video games or social media). However, there is still a lack of findings for minors regarding the relations between these behavioral patterns (particularly between problematic alcohol use and problematic gaming or problematic social media use). Standardized instruments were used to survey problematic alcohol use, problematic gaming, problematic social media use, problematic Internet use and mental health among 633 adolescents (mean age: 15.79 years). Bivariate correlation and multivariable linear regression analyses were conducted. The correlation analyses showed statistically significant positive bivariate relationships between all four behavioral patterns each. Antisocial behavior was related to all problematic behavioral patterns. Whereas, emotional distress, self-esteem problems and hyperactivity/inattention were associated with substance-unrelated problematic behavior patterns only. Anger control problems were related to problematic alcohol use and problematic gaming. In adolescence, the findings revealed small effect sizes between substance-related and substance-unrelated problematic behavior patterns, but moderate to large effect sizes within substance-unrelated behavioral patterns. Similarities and differences were found in the relations between the behavioral patterns and mental health.
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Ko CH, Yen JY. Impact of COVID-19 on gaming disorder: Monitoring and prevention. J Behav Addict 2020; 9:187-189. [PMID: 32634111 PMCID: PMC8939426 DOI: 10.1556/2006.2020.00040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has necessitated physical distancing, lockdown, contact tracing, and self-quarantine so as to prevent the spread of the disease. Amid the outbreak, gaming data usage has reportedly increased in the United States, and game download volume has reached a record high in Europe. Because gaming can be used to cope with the psychological stress from the outbreak, therefore mental health professionals should be aware of how increased gaming during the pandemic may contribute to risk of gaming disorder, especially if the pandemic persists. Mental health professionals should thus formulate safe social interaction alternatives for people, particularly adolescents, who have gaming disorder risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hung Ko
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Tzyou 1st Rd, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan, ROC,Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482 San-Ming Rd, Kaohsiung City, 812, Taiwan, ROC,Research Center for Substance and Behavior Addiction, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC,Corresponding author. Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, 100 Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan, ROC E-mail:
| | - Ju-Yu Yen
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Tzyou 1st Rd, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan, ROC,Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Shi-Chuan 1st Rd, Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan, ROC,Department of Psychiatryh, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, 812, Taiwan, ROC
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Calvete E, Fernández-González L, González-Cabrera J, Machimbarrena JM, Orue I. Internet-Risk Classes of Adolescents, Dispositional Mindfulness and Health-Related Quality of Life: A Mediational Model. CYBERPSYCHOLOGY BEHAVIOR AND SOCIAL NETWORKING 2020; 23:533-540. [PMID: 32391724 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2019.0705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This study was primarily aimed at identifying classes of adolescents in relation to their probability of endorsing several risks associated with the Internet (cyberbullying victimization and perpetration, cyberdating abuse victimization, and perpetration, sexting, and grooming). The second objective was to examine a mediational model linking dispositional mindfulness, risk perception, exposure to antisocial content in the media, Internet-risk classes of adolescents, and health-related quality of life (HRQL). The sample comprised 3,076 adolescents (46.2% boys, ages between 12 and 21). Latent class analyses indicated the existence of five classes related to the probability of endorsing Internet risks: No risk (60.75%), only cyberbullying (25.5%), cyberbullying and cyberdating abuse (6.7%), all risks (4.3%), and sexual risk (2.9%). Three mindfulness facets, namely, acting with awareness, nonreacting, and nonjudging, were associated with all the classes of risks. This association was partially explained by the degree of exposure to antisocial content in the media and risk perception. Finally, membership in the Internet-risk classes was associated with a lower HRQL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Calvete
- Department of Personality, Psychological Assessment, and Treatment, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Liria Fernández-González
- Department of Personality, Psychological Assessment, and Treatment, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Joaquín González-Cabrera
- Department of Educational Psychology and Psychobiology, Universidad Internacional de la Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | | | - Izaskun Orue
- Department of Personality, Psychological Assessment, and Treatment, University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain
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Cudo A, Torój M, Misiuro T, Griffiths MD. Problematic Facebook Use and Problematic Video Gaming Among Female and Male Gamers. CYBERPSYCHOLOGY BEHAVIOR AND SOCIAL NETWORKING 2020; 23:126-133. [PMID: 32031898 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2019.0252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The development of modern technologies has facilitated positive functioning in various aspects of everyday life. However, in addition to positive changes, there are also issues related to problematic behavior associated with new technologies and new media, such as problematic Facebook use (PFU) and problematic video gaming (PVG). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to present the specificity of these problematic behaviors in a group of gamers and determine their predictors and interrelatedness. In addition, the aim was to analyze the differences between male and female gamers. The study comprised 1,270 gamers (684 female gamers; age range from 15 to 34 years; M = 19.17 years; SD = 2.91 years). The intensity of PFU was assessed using the Facebook Intrusion Scale, and intensity of PVG was assessed using the Problem Video Game Playing Questionnaire. Results showed that 6.4% of females had high levels of PFU compared to 3.1% of males, and that 1.8% of females had high levels of PVG compared to 5.8% of males. Structural equation modeling showed different predicators for problematic internet use and PVG, despite the correlation between both problematic behaviors. These findings enable better understanding of the relationship between PVG and PFU among gamers and differences between female and male gamers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Cudo
- Department of Experimental Psychology, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Torój
- Department of Emotion and Motivation Psychology, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Tomasz Misiuro
- Department of Psychological Research Methodology, The University of Zielona Góra, Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Mark D Griffiths
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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Taechoyotin P, Tongrod P, Thaweerungruangkul T, Towattananon N, Teekapakvisit P, Aksornpusitpong C, Sathapornpunya W, Hempatawee N, Rangsin R, Mungthin M, Piyaraj P. Prevalence and associated factors of internet gaming disorder among secondary school students in rural community, Thailand: a cross-sectional study. BMC Res Notes 2020; 13:11. [PMID: 31907063 PMCID: PMC6945594 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-019-4862-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Internet gaming disorder (IGD) is an emerging mental problem for adolescent that has been increasingly piqued interest over the last decade. Although many studies have been conducted, very few studies have studied populations with low technological access. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence and associated factors of internet gaming disorder among secondary school students in an area with a comparatively lower technological access in a large community sample. We used Chachoengsao province, Thailand as our sample area with a comparatively lower access to technology. This cross-sectional study was conducted during December 2017–January 2018 among 12 secondary schools in Chachoengsao province, Thailand. Results 5.4% of the 5497 subjects were positive for IGD. The associated factors found were male gender (odds ratio (OR) = 1.4), not living with both parents (OR = 1.75), use of online dating (OR = 1.53), being bullied at school (OR = 1.51), depression (OR = 1.92), anxiety (OR = 1.62) and stress (OR = 3.57) after being adjusted for age, family composition, failure of an exam, limit of internet use, use of online dating, bully perpetration, bully victimization, cyber bully perpetration, cyber bully victimization, suicidal ideation, use of alcohol, depression, anxiety, and stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawan Taechoyotin
- Fourth Year Medical Cadet, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Puttipun Tongrod
- Fourth Year Medical Cadet, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | | | - Pitch Teekapakvisit
- Fourth Year Medical Cadet, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | | | - Nutchar Hempatawee
- Department of Military and Community Medicine, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ram Rangsin
- Department of Military and Community Medicine, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Mathirut Mungthin
- Department of Parasitology, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, 317/5 Ratchavithi Rd, Ratchathewi, Payathai, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Phunlerd Piyaraj
- Department of Parasitology, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, 317/5 Ratchavithi Rd, Ratchathewi, Payathai, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
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Karaer Y, Akdemir D. Parenting styles, perceived social support and emotion regulation in adolescents with internet addiction. Compr Psychiatry 2019; 92:22-27. [PMID: 31003724 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Revised: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study is to investigate parental attitudes, perceived social support, emotion regulation and the accompanying psychiatric disorders seen in adolescents who, having been diagnosed with Internet Addiction (IA), were referred to an outpatient child and adolescent psychiatric clinic. METHODS Of 176 adolescents aged 12-17, 40 were included in the study group. These scored 80 or higher on Young's Internet Addiction Test (IAT) and met Young's diagnostic criteria for IA based on psychiatric interviews. Forty adolescents who matched them in terms of age, gender and socio-economic level were included in the control group. The Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children (K-SADS-PL), the Parenting Style Scale (PSS), the Lum Emotional Availabilty of Parents (LEAP), the Social Support Appraisals Scale for Children (SSAS-C), the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) and the Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20 (TAS-20) were applied. RESULTS The results showed that the parents of adolescents with IA were more frequently inadequate in acceptance/involvement, supervision/monitoring and they had less emotional availability. The adolescents with IA had less perceived social support, greater difficulty in the identification and verbal expression of their feelings and emotion regulation. Lower parental strictness/supervision, higher alexithymia and the existence of an anxiety disorder were found to be significant predictors of IA. Internet addicted adolescents with comorbid major depressive disorder had higher levels of alexithymia and lower levels of emotional availability in their parents. CONCLUSION It can be concluded that strategies for the prevention and treatment of IA in adolescents should focus on improving the quality of parenting parent-adolescent relationships, enhancing perceived social support and emotion regulation while reducing the associated psychiatric symptoms in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf Karaer
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Devrim Akdemir
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ankara, Turkey.
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Wartberg L, Zieglmeier M, Kammerl R. Accordance of Adolescent and Parental Ratings of Internet Gaming Disorder and Their Associations with Psychosocial Aspects. CYBERPSYCHOLOGY BEHAVIOR AND SOCIAL NETWORKING 2019; 22:264-270. [DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2018.0456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lutz Wartberg
- Department Psychology, Faculty of Life Sciences, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Zieglmeier
- Department of Education, Chair for Pedagogy with a Focus on Media Education, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Rudolf Kammerl
- Department of Education, Chair for Pedagogy with a Focus on Media Education, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany
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Sugaya N, Shirasaka T, Takahashi K, Kanda H. Bio-psychosocial factors of children and adolescents with internet gaming disorder: a systematic review. Biopsychosoc Med 2019; 13:3. [PMID: 30809270 PMCID: PMC6374886 DOI: 10.1186/s13030-019-0144-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous large-scale studies suggest that internet gaming disorder (IGD) among children and adolescents has become an important public concern. Minors are known to be particularly susceptible to problematic internet gaming use owing to age-related underdevelopment of cognitive control. It has been shown that precursors of addictions appear during adolescence; therefore, prevention efforts must be established targeting minors who have their first experience with addictive substances and behaviors during pubescence. Since the DSM-5 classification of IGD in 2013, studies on IGD have drastically increased in number. Thus, we performed an updated review of studies of IGD in children and adolescents to assess the clinical implications of IGD. The search included all publication years, using PubMed, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO. Across studies, the presence of IGD had a negative effect on sleep and schoolwork in minors. Additionally, family factors, including the quality of parent-child relationships, were important social factors in minors with IGD. Brain imaging studies indicate that impaired cognitive control in minors with IGD is associated with abnormal function in the prefrontal cortex and striatum. Persistent pathological online game use from childhood may aggravate abnormal brain function; therefore, preventive care and early intervention are increasingly important. Although extant research supports the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy for minors with IGD, effective psychological intervention for minors with IGD is an urgent issue that requires further research. This review, which presents updated findings of IGD in minors, is expected to contribute to the development of future research and be useful in clinical practice in the field of child and adolescent psychiatry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagisa Sugaya
- 1Unit of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004 Japan
| | - Tomohiro Shirasaka
- 2Department of Psychiatry, Teine Keijinkai Hospital, 1-12-1-40 Maeda, Teine-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 006-8555 Japan
| | - Kenzo Takahashi
- 3Teikyo University Graduate School of Public Health, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605 Japan
| | - Hideyuki Kanda
- 4Faculty of Medicine, Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Shimane University, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo-shi, Shimane 693-8501 Japan
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Wartberg L, Kriston L, Zieglmeier M, Lincoln T, Kammerl R. A longitudinal study on psychosocial causes and consequences of Internet gaming disorder in adolescence. Psychol Med 2019; 49:287-294. [PMID: 29622057 DOI: 10.1017/s003329171800082x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 2013, Internet gaming disorder (IGD) was incorporated in the current version of the DSM-5. IGD refers to a problematic use of video games. Longitudinal studies on the etiology of IGD are lacking. Furthermore, it is currently unclear to which extent associated psychopathological problems are causes or consequences of IGD. In the present survey, longitudinal associations between IGD and adolescent and parental mental health were investigated for the first time, as well as the temporal stability of IGD. METHODS In a cross-lagged panel design study, family dyads (adolescent with a parent each) were examined in 2016 (t1) and again 1 year later (2017, t2). Overall, 1095 family dyads were assessed at t1 and 985 dyads were re-assessed at t2 with standardized measures of IGD and several aspects of adolescent and parental mental health. Data were analyzed with structural equation modeling (SEM). RESULTS Male gender, a higher level of hyperactivity/inattention, self-esteem problems and IGD at t1 were predictors of IGD at t2. IGD at t1 was a predictor for adolescent emotional distress at t2. Overall, 357 out of the 985 adolescents received a diagnosis of IGD at t1 or t2: 142 (14.4%) at t1 and t2, 100 (10.2%) only at t1, and 115 (11.7%) only at t2. CONCLUSIONS Hyperactivity/inattention and self-esteem problems seem to be important for the development of IGD. We found first empirical evidence that IGD could prospectively contribute to a deterioration of adolescent mental health. Only a subgroup of affected adolescents showed IGD consistently over 1 year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lutz Wartberg
- German Center for Addiction Research in Childhood and Adolescence (DZSKJ),University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE),Martinistraße 52,20246 Hamburg,Germany
| | - Levente Kriston
- Department of Medical Psychology,University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf,Martinistraße 52,20246 Hamburg,Germany
| | - Matthias Zieglmeier
- Chair for Pedagogy with a Focus on Media Education,Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg,Regensburger Straße 160,90478 Nuremberg,Germany
| | - Tania Lincoln
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy,Institute of Psychology,University of Hamburg, Von-Melle-Park 5,20146 Hamburg,Germany
| | - Rudolf Kammerl
- Chair for Pedagogy with a Focus on Media Education,Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg,Regensburger Straße 160,90478 Nuremberg,Germany
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Baysak E, Yertutanol FDK, Dalgar I, Candansayar S. How Game Addiction Rates and Related Psychosocial Risk Factors Change Within 2-Years: A Follow-Up Study. Psychiatry Investig 2018; 15:984-990. [PMID: 30301305 PMCID: PMC6212699 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2018.08.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prospective data of risky online gamers in Turkey is missing. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the change in gaming behaviors and addiction rates of Travian players within two years to search diagnostic stability of internet gaming disorder and some psychosocial risk factors. METHODS 110 responders completed the whole questionnaire package including 21-item Game Addiction Scale (GAS), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SLS), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), and Multi-dimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). A hierarchical linear modeling approach was followed to test the linear change in game addiction scores of the participants from 2013 to 2015. RESULTS GAS scores of gamers significantly decreased within two years (p=0.026). MSPSS scores significantly and negatively associated with GAS scores (p<0.001) and the negative association of time remained significant (p=0.035). Decrement in the MSPSS scores in two years was associated with increment in GAS scores. 9 (90%) of 10 participants with internet gaming disorder according to monothetic format and 26 (52%) of 50 participants with internet gaming disorder according to polythetic format were found to not to meet the diagnosis in the follow-up. 33 out of all participants reported that they were not playing any online games for at least last 6 months. CONCLUSION Social support seems to be a protective factor for game addiction and diagnosis of internet gaming disorder has low temporal stability among Travian players in Turkey.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erkan Baysak
- Department of Psychiatry, Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Ilker Dalgar
- Department of Psychology, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Selçuk Candansayar
- Department of Psychiatry, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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Kim HS, Hodgins DC. Component Model of Addiction Treatment: A Pragmatic Transdiagnostic Treatment Model of Behavioral and Substance Addictions. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:406. [PMID: 30233427 PMCID: PMC6127248 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Behavioral addictions such as gambling, video games, sex, and shopping share many clinical features with substance use addictions including etiology, course, and neurobiology. Yet, the treatment of behavioral and substance use addictions tends to be separated. However, we argue that a more effective and efficient treatment approach is to conceptualize behavioral and substance use addictions as different expressions of a common underlying disorder and, in treatment, to address the underlying mechanisms common to both. To this end, the article presents a developing transdiagnostic treatment model of addictions that targets underlying similarities between behavioral and substance use addictions, called the component model of addiction treatment (CMAT). The CMAT is transdiagnostic in that it can be used in the treatment of both behavioral and substance use addictions. It is pragmatic in that it targets component vulnerabilities, which are enduring, yet malleable, individual psychological, cognitive, and neurobiological characteristics that are common to all addictive disorders and have been demonstrated to be modifiable. A working model of CMAT is presented, including proposed component vulnerabilities: lack of motivation, urgency, maladaptive expectancies, deficits in self-control, deficits in social support, and compulsivity, as well as their potential intervention possibilities. Future directions and potential implications of the CMAT are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyoun S. Kim
- Addictive Behaviours Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Schivinski B, Brzozowska-Woś M, Buchanan EM, Griffiths MD, Pontes HM. Psychometric assessment of the Internet Gaming Disorder diagnostic criteria: An Item Response Theory study. Addict Behav Rep 2018; 8:176-184. [PMID: 30505924 PMCID: PMC6251978 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) has been recognized by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) as a tentative disorder in the latest fifth revision of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). In order to advance research on IGD, the APA has suggested that further research on the nine IGD criteria to investigate its clinical and empirical feasibility is necessary. The aim of the present study was to develop the Polish the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale–Short-Form (IGDS9-SF) and scrutinize the nine IGD criteria empirically. To achieve this, the newly developed IGDS9-SF was examined using a wide range of psychometric methods, including a polytomous Item Response Theory (IRT) analysis to evaluate the measurement performance of the nine IGD criteria. A sample of 3377 gamers (82.7% male, mean age 20 years, SD = 4.3 years) was recruited online for the present study. Overall, the findings obtained confirmed that suitability of the Polish IGDS9-SF to assess IGD amongst Polish gamers given the adequate levels of validity and reliability found. The IRT analysis revealed that the IGDS9-SF is a suitable tool to measure IGD levels above the average; however, criteria “continuation” (item 6), “deception” (item 7), and “escape” (item 8) presented with poor fit. Taken together, these results suggest that some of the diagnostic criteria may present with a different clinical weighting towards final diagnosis of IGD. The implications of these findings are further discussed. The APA diagnostic criteria for IGD was investigated in a large sample of gamers. The construct of IGD was examined via validity analysis and Item Response Theory. The results revealed the suitability of the IGDS9-SF to assess IGD-related symptoms. Each IGD criterion present with distinct clinical diagnostic weighting. The nine IGD criteria need to take into account different clinical weighting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Schivinski
- Birkbeck, University of London, Department of Management, Malet Street, Bloomsbury, WC1E 7HX London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Magdalena Brzozowska-Woś
- Gdansk University of Technology, Department of Marketing, Ul. Narutowicza 11/12, Gdansk 80-233, Poland
| | - Erin M Buchanan
- Missouri State University, Department of Psychology, 901 S. National Ave, Springfield, MO 65897, USA
| | - Mark D Griffiths
- Nottingham Trent University, International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, 50 Shakespeare Street, Nottingham NG1 4QF, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Halley M Pontes
- Nottingham Trent University, International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, 50 Shakespeare Street, Nottingham NG1 4QF, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
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