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Hernández-Tanguma A, Ariza-Castolo A. Dynamics of eugenol included in β-cyclodextrin by nuclear magnetic resonance and molecular simulations. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2024; 62:505-511. [PMID: 38369602 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.5439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Eugenol-β-cyclodextrin complex has been widely used because of the enhanced stability and conservation of the properties of eugenol. Applications in food and health sciences have been shown previously, which makes this complex an excellent model to understand and develop methodologies for the analysis and prediction of physical properties. In this work, the dynamics of eugenol incorporated into β-cyclodextrin are presented, using NMR relaxation rates, and the predictive capabilities of molecular dynamics simulations are discussed. Results show a hindered rotation of eugenol around the principal inertial axes when located inside β-cyclodextrin. Moreover, a translational movement of the whole complex is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Hernández-Tanguma
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Armando Ariza-Castolo
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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2
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Sousa LRD, Santos MLDC, Sampaio LS, Faustino CG, Guigueno MLL, Freitas KM, Lopes MTP, Mota GCF, dos Santos VMR, Seibert JB, Amparo TR, Vieira PMDA, dos Santos ODH, de Souza GHB. Nanoemulsified Essential Oil of Melaleuca leucadendron Leaves for Topical Application: In Vitro Photoprotective, Antioxidant and Anti-Melanoma Activities. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:721. [PMID: 38931388 PMCID: PMC11206566 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Melanoma, primarily caused by solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation, can be prevented by the use of sunscreens. However, the use of synthetic sunscreens raises environmental concerns. Natural compounds with antioxidant photoprotective properties and cytotoxic effects against cancer cells can be promising for the prevention and treatment of melanoma with less environmental effect. This study focuses on Melaleuca leucadendron essential oil (EO) for photoprotection and antitumor applications. EO was hydrodistilled from M. leucadendron leaves with a 0.59% yield. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry detected monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. Nanoemulsions were prepared with (NE-EO) and without EO (NE-B) using the phase inversion method, showing good stability, spherical or oval morphology, and a pseudoplastic profile. Photoprotective activity assessed spectrophotometrically showed that the NE-EO was more effective than NE-B and free EO. Antioxidant activity evaluated by DPPH and ABTS methods indicated that pure and nanoemulsified EO mainly inhibited the ABTS radical, showing IC50 40.72 and 5.30 µg/mL, respectively. Cytotoxicity tests on L-929 mouse fibroblasts, NGM human melanocyte, B16-F10 melanoma, and MeWo human melanoma revealed that EO and NE-EO were more cytotoxic to melanoma cells than to non-tumor cells. The stable NE-EO demonstrates potential for melanoma prevention and treatment. Further research is required to gain a better understanding of these activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Resende Dutra Sousa
- Laboratório de Fitotecnologia, Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto 35400-000, MG, Brazil; (L.R.D.S.); (M.L.d.C.S.); (L.S.S.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, CiPharma, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto 354000-000, MG, Brazil;
| | - Maria Luiza da Costa Santos
- Laboratório de Fitotecnologia, Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto 35400-000, MG, Brazil; (L.R.D.S.); (M.L.d.C.S.); (L.S.S.)
| | - Larissa Silva Sampaio
- Laboratório de Fitotecnologia, Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto 35400-000, MG, Brazil; (L.R.D.S.); (M.L.d.C.S.); (L.S.S.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, CiPharma, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto 354000-000, MG, Brazil;
| | - Clarisse Gaëlle Faustino
- École de Biologie Industrielle, 49 Avenue des Genottes, 95800 Cergy, France; (C.G.F.); (M.L.L.G.)
| | | | - Kátia Michelle Freitas
- Departamentos de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (K.M.F.); (M.T.P.L.)
| | - Miriam Teresa Paz Lopes
- Departamentos de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil; (K.M.F.); (M.T.P.L.)
| | - Gabriela Cristina Ferreira Mota
- Laboratório de Produtos Naturais e de Síntese Orgânica, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto 35400-000, MG, Brazil; (G.C.F.M.); (V.M.R.d.S.)
| | - Viviane Martins Rebello dos Santos
- Laboratório de Produtos Naturais e de Síntese Orgânica, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto 35400-000, MG, Brazil; (G.C.F.M.); (V.M.R.d.S.)
| | - Janaína Brandão Seibert
- Laboratório de Patologia e Controle Microbiano, Universidade de São Paulo (USP-ESALQ), Piracicaba 13418-900, SP, Brazil;
| | - Tatiane Roquete Amparo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, CiPharma, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto 354000-000, MG, Brazil;
- Laboratório de Química Medicinal e Bioensaios, Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto 35400-000, MG, Brazil
| | - Paula Melo de Abreu Vieira
- Laboratório de Morfopatologia, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto 35400-000, MG, Brazil;
| | - Orlando David Henrique dos Santos
- Laboratório de Fitotecnologia, Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto 35400-000, MG, Brazil; (L.R.D.S.); (M.L.d.C.S.); (L.S.S.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, CiPharma, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto 354000-000, MG, Brazil;
| | - Gustavo Henrique Bianco de Souza
- Laboratório de Fitotecnologia, Escola de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, Ouro Preto 35400-000, MG, Brazil; (L.R.D.S.); (M.L.d.C.S.); (L.S.S.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, CiPharma, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto 354000-000, MG, Brazil;
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3
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Rebbah B, El Haib A, Lahmady S, Forsal I, Gouygou M, Mallet-Ladeira S, Medaghri-Alaoui A, Rakib EM, Hannioui A. Synthesis, characterization, and inhibition effects of a novel eugenol derivative bearing pyrrole functionalities on the corrosion of mild steel in a HCl acid solution. RSC Adv 2024; 14:14152-14160. [PMID: 38686294 PMCID: PMC11057412 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra01337a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Semi-synthetic modifications of natural products have yielded numerous anti-cancer drugs, antimicrobials, and corrosion inhibitors. In this study, eugenol, a natural product, was synthetically modified to generate a novel heterocyclic compound: pyrrole, which forms crystals. The latter is the outcome of the condensation reaction between eugenol hydrazide and 2,5-hexanedione, conducted under reflux ethanol conditions, without a catalyst, achieving a 96% yield. This compound structure was characterized through spectroscopic methods, such as NMR and FTIR, and validated par the crystal's X-ray diffraction analysis. According to the findings of the electrochemical study, pyrrole demonstrated effective inhibition against the carbon steel's corrosion in a 1 M HCl acid solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahija Rebbah
- Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sultan Moulay Slimane University B.P. 523 Beni Mellal Morocco
| | - Abderrahim El Haib
- Chemical Processes and Applied Materials Laboratory, Polydisciplinary Faculty, Sultan Moulay Slimane University PB: 592 Beni Mellal Morocco
| | - Sara Lahmady
- Laboratory of Engineering and Applied Technologies, School of Technology Beni Mellal Morocco
| | - Issam Forsal
- Laboratory of Engineering and Applied Technologies, School of Technology Beni Mellal Morocco
| | - Maryse Gouygou
- CNRS, Coordination Chemistry Laboratory, Univesty of Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse-INP 205 Narbonne Road, BP 44099 F-31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France
| | - Sonia Mallet-Ladeira
- CNRS, Coordination Chemistry Laboratory, Univesty of Toulouse, UPS, Toulouse-INP 205 Narbonne Road, BP 44099 F-31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France
| | - Abdelouahid Medaghri-Alaoui
- Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sultan Moulay Slimane University B.P. 523 Beni Mellal Morocco
| | - El Mostapha Rakib
- Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sultan Moulay Slimane University B.P. 523 Beni Mellal Morocco
| | - Abdellah Hannioui
- Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sultan Moulay Slimane University B.P. 523 Beni Mellal Morocco
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Tavvabi-Kashani N, Hasanpour M, Baradaran Rahimi V, Vahdati-Mashhadian N, Askari VR. Pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic, toxicity, and recent advances in Eugenol's potential benefits against natural and chemical noxious agents: A mechanistic review. Toxicon 2024; 238:107607. [PMID: 38191032 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
The active biological phytochemicals, crucial compounds employed in creating hundreds of medications, are derived from valuable and medicinally significant plants. These phytochemicals offer excellent protection from various illnesses, including inflammatory disorders and chronic conditions caused by oxidative stress. A phenolic monoterpenoid known as eugenol (EUG), it is typically found in the essential oils of many plant species from the Myristicaceae, Myrtaceae, Lamiaceae, and Lauraceae families. One of the main ingredients of clove oil (Syzygium aromaticum (L.), Myrtaceae), it has several applications in industry, including flavoring food, pharmaceutics, dentistry, agriculture, and cosmeceuticals. Due to its excellent potential for avoiding many chronic illnesses, it has lately attracted attention. EUG has been classified as a nonmutant, generally acknowledged as a safe (GRAS) chemical by the World Health Organization (WHO). According to the existing research, EUG possesses notable anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, analgesic, antibacterial, antispasmodic, and apoptosis-promoting properties, which have lately gained attention for its ability to control chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial malfunction and dramatically impact human wellness. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the scientific evidence from the most significant research studies that have been published regarding the protective role and detoxifying effects of EUG against a wide range of toxins, including biological and chemical toxins, as well as different drugs and pesticides that produce a variety of toxicities, throughout view of the possible advantages of EUG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negin Tavvabi-Kashani
- Student Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maede Hasanpour
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vafa Baradaran Rahimi
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Naser Vahdati-Mashhadian
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vahid Reza Askari
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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5
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Nagaraju PG, S A, Rao PJ, Priyadarshini P. Assessment of acute and subacute toxicity, pharmacokinetics, and biodistribution of eugenol nanoparticles after oral exposure in Wistar rats. Nanotoxicology 2024; 18:87-105. [PMID: 38349196 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2024.2314483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
The present study aimed to assess the safety, toxicity, biodistribution, and pharmacokinetics of eugenol nanoparticles (EONs) following oral administration in Wistar rat models. In the acute toxicity study, the rats were given a fixed dose of 50, 300, and 2000 mg/kg body weight per group orally and screened for 2 weeks after administration. In the subacute study, three different doses (500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg BW) of EON were administered for 28 days. The results indicated no significant differences in food and water consumption, bodyweight change, hematological and biochemical parameters, relative organ weights, gross findings, or histopathology compared to the control. Additionally, no significant changes were observed in the expression profiles of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1, IL-6, and TNFα in the plasma, confirming the absence of systemic inflammation. Biodistribution analysis revealed rapid absorption of eugenol and improved bioavailability due to gradual and sustained release, leading to a maximum eugenol concentration of 15.05 μg/mL (Cmax) at approximately 8 h (Tmax) in the blood plasma. Thus, the study provides valuable insights into the utilization of EON for enhancing the stability, solubility, and sustained release of eugenol and highlights its promising safety profile in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pramod G Nagaraju
- Department of Molecular Nutrition, CSIR - Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Ashwini S
- Department of Molecular Nutrition, CSIR - Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Pooja J Rao
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Plantation Products, Spices and Flavour Technology, CSIR Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, India
| | - Poornima Priyadarshini
- Department of Molecular Nutrition, CSIR - Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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6
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Xu J, Wang T, Sun C, Liu P, Chen J, Hou X, Yu T, Gao Y, Liu Z, Yang L, Zhang L. Eugenol improves salt tolerance via enhancing antioxidant capacity and regulating ionic balance in tobacco seedlings. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 14:1284480. [PMID: 38293630 PMCID: PMC10825873 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1284480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Salt stress inhibits plant growth by disturbing plant intrinsic physiology. The application of exogenous plant growth regulators to improve the plant tolerance against salt stress has become one of the promising approaches to promote plant growth in saline environment. Eugenol (4-allyl-2- methoxyphenol) is the main ingredient in clove oil and it is known for its strong antioxidant and anti-microbial activities. Eugenol also has the ability of inhibiting several plant pathogens, implying the potential use of eugenol as an environmental friendly agrichemical. However, little is known about the possible role of eugenol in the regulation of plant tolerance against abiotic stress. Therefore, here we investigated the effectiveness of phytochemical eugenol in promoting salt tolerance in tobacco seedlings through physiological, histochemical, and biochemical method. The seedling roots were exposed to NaCl solution in the presence or absence of eugenol. Salt stress inhibited seedling growth, but eugenol supplementation effectively attenuated its effects in a dose-dependent manner, with an optimal effect at 20 µM. ROS (reactive oxygen species) accumulation was found in seedlings upon salt stress which was further resulted in the amelioration of lipid peroxidation, loss of membrane integrity, and cell death in salt-treated seedlings. Addition of eugenol highly suppressed ROS accumulation and reduced lipid peroxidation generation. Both enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidative systems were activated by eugenol treatment. AsA/DHA and GSH/GSSG were also enhanced upon eugenol treatment, which helped maintain redox homeostasis upon salinity. Eugenol treatment resulted in an increase in the content of osmoprotectants (e.g. proline, soluble sugar and starch) in salt-treated seedlings. Na+ levels decreased significantly in seedlings upon eugenol exposure. This may result from the upregulation of the expression of two ionic transporter genes, SOS1 (salt-hypersensitive 1) and NHX1 (Na+/H+ anti-transporter 1). Hierarchical cluster combined correlation analysis uncovered that eugenol induced salt tolerance was mediated by redox homeostasis and maintaining ionic balance in tobacco seedlings. This work reveals that eugenol plays a crucial role in regulating plant resistant physiology. This may extend its biological function as a novel biostimulant and opens up new possibilities for improving crop productivity in the saline agricultural environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Xu
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Changwei Sun
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Institute of Food Quality and Safety, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Hou
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Tao Yu
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Yun Gao
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Zhiguo Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Long Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Li Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
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Oikonomou P, Nikolaou C, Papachristou F, Sovatzidis A, Lambropoulou M, Giouleka C, Kontaxis V, Linardoutsos D, Papalois A, Pitiakoudis M, Tsaroucha A. Eugenol Reduced ΜPO, CD45 and HMGB1 Expression and Attenuated the Expression of Leukocyte Infiltration Markers in the Intestinal Tissue in Biliopancreatic Duct Ligation-Induced Pancreatitis in Rats. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 60:74. [PMID: 38256335 PMCID: PMC10820626 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60010074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Inflammation and dysregulation in the intestinal barrier function in acute pancreatitis (AP) trigger pancreatic lesions, systemic inflammatory response, and multiple organ dysfunction. Eugenol, as the main component of clove (Syzygium aromaticum), is known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. We studied the potentially beneficial effect of eugenol in a rodent model of biliopancreatic duct ligation-induced AP. Materials and Methods: Rats were randomly divided into three groups: Sham, AP, and AP + eugenol (15 mg/kg/day). Serum TNFα, IL-6, IL-18, and resistin levels, as well as IL-6, TNFα, MPO, HMGB1, and CD45 tissue expression, were determined at various timepoints after the induction of AP. Results: Eugenol attenuated hyperemia and inflammatory cell infiltration in the intestinal mucosal, submucosal, and muscular layers. IL-6 and resistin serum levels were significantly reduced in the AP + eugenol group, while serum TNFα and IL-18 levels remained unaffected overall. TNFα pancreatic and intestinal expression was attenuated by eugenol at 72 h, while IL-6 expression was affected only in the pancreas. MPO, CD45, and HMGB1 intestinal expression was significantly reduced in eugenol-treated rats. Conclusions: Eugenol managed to attenuate the inflammatory response in the intestine in duct ligation-induced AP in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagoula Oikonomou
- Postgraduate Program in Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, 2nd Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (A.S.); (C.G.); (V.K.); (D.L.); (M.P.); (A.T.)
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (C.N.); (F.P.)
| | - Christina Nikolaou
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (C.N.); (F.P.)
| | - Fotini Papachristou
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (C.N.); (F.P.)
| | - Apostolos Sovatzidis
- Postgraduate Program in Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, 2nd Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (A.S.); (C.G.); (V.K.); (D.L.); (M.P.); (A.T.)
| | - Maria Lambropoulou
- Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece;
| | - Charikleia Giouleka
- Postgraduate Program in Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, 2nd Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (A.S.); (C.G.); (V.K.); (D.L.); (M.P.); (A.T.)
| | - Vasileios Kontaxis
- Postgraduate Program in Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, 2nd Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (A.S.); (C.G.); (V.K.); (D.L.); (M.P.); (A.T.)
| | - Dimitrios Linardoutsos
- Postgraduate Program in Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, 2nd Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (A.S.); (C.G.); (V.K.); (D.L.); (M.P.); (A.T.)
| | - Apostolos Papalois
- Experimental Research Center, ELPEN Pharmaceuticals, Pikermi, 19009 Athens, Greece;
| | - Michael Pitiakoudis
- Postgraduate Program in Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, 2nd Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (A.S.); (C.G.); (V.K.); (D.L.); (M.P.); (A.T.)
| | - Alexandra Tsaroucha
- Postgraduate Program in Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, 2nd Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (A.S.); (C.G.); (V.K.); (D.L.); (M.P.); (A.T.)
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (C.N.); (F.P.)
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Durmaz L, Karagecili H, Gulcin İ. Evaluation of Carbonic Anhydrase, Acetylcholinesterase, Butyrylcholinesterase, and α-Glycosidase Inhibition Effects and Antioxidant Activity of Baicalin Hydrate. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:2136. [PMID: 38004276 PMCID: PMC10672269 DOI: 10.3390/life13112136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Baicalin is the foremost prevalent flavonoid found in Scutellaria baicalensis. It also frequently occurs in many multi-herbal preparations utilized in Eastern countries. The current research has assessed and compared the antioxidant, antidiabetic, anticholinergic, and antiglaucoma properties of baicalin hydrate. Baicalin hydrate was tested for its antioxidant capacity using a variety of techniques, including N,N-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride radical (DMPD•+) scavenging activity, 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonate) radical (ABTS•+) scavenging activity, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH•) scavenging activity, potassium ferric cyanide reduction ability, and cupric ions (Cu2+) reducing activities. Also, for comparative purposes, reference antioxidants, such as butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), Trolox, α-Tocopherol, and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) were employed. Baicalin hydrate had an IC50 value of 13.40 μg/mL (r2: 0.9940) for DPPH radical scavenging, whereas BHA, BHT, Trolox, and α-Tocopherol had IC50 values of 10.10, 25.95, 7.059, and 11.31 μg/mL for DPPH• scavenging, respectively. These findings showed that baicalin hydrate had comparably close and similar DPPH• scavenging capability to BHA, α-tocopherol, and Trolox, but it performed better than BHT. Additionally, apart from these studies, baicalin hydrate was tested for its ability to inhibit a number of metabolic enzymes, including acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), carbonic anhydrase II (CA II), and α-glycosidase, which have been linked to several serious illnesses, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), glaucoma, and diabetes, where the Ki values of baicalin hydrate toward the aforementioned enzymes were 10.01 ± 2.86, 3.50 ± 0.68, 19.25 ± 1.79, and 26.98 ± 9.91 nM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lokman Durmaz
- Department of Medical Services and Technology, Cayirli Vocational School, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan 24500, Türkiye;
| | - Hasan Karagecili
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Siirt University, Siirt 56100, Türkiye;
| | - İlhami Gulcin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Türkiye
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Et-tazy L, Lamiri A, Satia L, Essahli M, Krimi Bencheqroun S. In Vitro Antioxidant and Antifungal Activities of Four Essential Oils and Their Major Compounds against Post-Harvest Fungi Associated with Chickpea in Storage. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3587. [PMID: 37896050 PMCID: PMC10610340 DOI: 10.3390/plants12203587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
The antifungal and antioxidant properties of essential oils (EOs) derived from four plants were assessed in vitro: Rosmarinus officinalis, Myrtus communis, Origanum compactum, and Eugenia aromatica. These plants are renowned for their diverse biological activities. Antioxidant activities were evaluated using DPPH, ABTS, and TAC tests. Antifungal activity was tested against four postharvest pathogens associated with chickpea in storage: Fusarium culmorum, Rhizopus oryzae, Penicillium italicum, and Aspergillus niger, using the broth microdilution technique. Additionally, the efficacy of several major compounds against fungi found in the EOs 1,8-cineole, carvacrol, and eugenol was evaluated. Furthermore, this study explored the potential synergy of combining eugenol and carvacrol in various ratios. Based on the results, E. aromatica EO exhibited the highest antioxidant activity, as evidenced by its lowest IC50 values for a DPPH of 0.006 mg/mL. This EO also demonstrated the best antifungal activity, with MIC values ranging from 0.098 to 0.13 μL/mL. The high concentration of eugenol in this oil was identified as a contributing factor to its potent antifungal effects. The individual application of eugenol displayed significant antifungal efficacy, which was further enhanced by incorporating carvacrol at a 1:3 ratio. This synergistic combination presents promising potential for the development of specific formulations aimed at optimizing grain protection during storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamyae Et-tazy
- Applied Chemistry and Environment Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University Hassan First, BP. 577, Settat 26000, Morocco; (L.E.-t.); (A.L.); (M.E.)
- Plant Protection Laboratory, Regional Center of Agricultural Research of Settat, National Institute of Agricultural Research, Avenue Ennasr, BP. 415 Rabat Principal, Rabat 10090, Morocco;
| | - Abdeslam Lamiri
- Applied Chemistry and Environment Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University Hassan First, BP. 577, Settat 26000, Morocco; (L.E.-t.); (A.L.); (M.E.)
| | - Laila Satia
- Plant Protection Laboratory, Regional Center of Agricultural Research of Settat, National Institute of Agricultural Research, Avenue Ennasr, BP. 415 Rabat Principal, Rabat 10090, Morocco;
| | - Mohamed Essahli
- Applied Chemistry and Environment Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University Hassan First, BP. 577, Settat 26000, Morocco; (L.E.-t.); (A.L.); (M.E.)
| | - Sanae Krimi Bencheqroun
- Plant Protection Laboratory, Regional Center of Agricultural Research of Settat, National Institute of Agricultural Research, Avenue Ennasr, BP. 415 Rabat Principal, Rabat 10090, Morocco;
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Racea RC, Macasoi IG, Dinu S, Pinzaru I, Marcovici I, Dehelean C, Rusu LC, Chioran D, Rivis M, Buzatu R. Eugenol: In Vitro and In Ovo Assessment to Explore Cytotoxic Effects on Osteosarcoma and Oropharyngeal Cancer Cells. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3549. [PMID: 37896013 PMCID: PMC10610311 DOI: 10.3390/plants12203549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a significant health problem worldwide; consequently, new therapeutic alternatives are being investigated, including those found in the vegetable kingdom. Eugenol (Eug) has attracted attention for its therapeutic properties, especially in stomatology. The purpose of this study was to investigate the cytotoxicity of Eug, in vitro, on osteosarcoma (SAOS-2) and oropharyngeal squamous cancer (Detroit-562) cells, as well as its potential irritant effect in ovo at the level of the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM). The data obtained following a 72 h Eug treatment highlighted the reduction in cell viability up to 41% in SAOS-2 cells and up to 37% in Detroit-562 cells, respectively. The apoptotic-like effect of Eug was indicated by the changes in cell morphology and nuclear aspect; the increase in caspase-3/7, -8 and -9 activity; the elevated expression of Bax and Bad genes; and the increase in luminescence signal (indicating phosphatidylserine externalization) that preceded the increase in fluorescence signal (indicating the compromise of membrane integrity). Regarding the vascular effects, slight signs of coagulation and vascular lysis were observed, with an irritation score of 1.69 for Eug 1 mM. Based on these results, the efficiency of Eug in cancer treatment is yet to be clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert-Cosmin Racea
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Timisoara, 9 Revolutiei 1989 Ave., 300070 Timisoara, Romania; (R.-C.R.); (L.-C.R.); (D.C.); (M.R.); (R.B.)
- Multidisciplinary Center for Research, Evaluation, Diagnosis and Therapies in Oral Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ioana-Gabriela Macasoi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (I.-G.M.); (I.P.); (I.M.); (C.D.)
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Stefania Dinu
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Timisoara, 9 Revolutiei 1989 Ave., 300070 Timisoara, Romania; (R.-C.R.); (L.-C.R.); (D.C.); (M.R.); (R.B.)
- Pediatric Dentistry Research Center, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Timisoara, 9 No., Revolutiei Bv., 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Iulia Pinzaru
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (I.-G.M.); (I.P.); (I.M.); (C.D.)
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Iasmina Marcovici
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (I.-G.M.); (I.P.); (I.M.); (C.D.)
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Cristina Dehelean
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (I.-G.M.); (I.P.); (I.M.); (C.D.)
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Laura-Cristina Rusu
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Timisoara, 9 Revolutiei 1989 Ave., 300070 Timisoara, Romania; (R.-C.R.); (L.-C.R.); (D.C.); (M.R.); (R.B.)
- Multidisciplinary Center for Research, Evaluation, Diagnosis and Therapies in Oral Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square, No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Doina Chioran
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Timisoara, 9 Revolutiei 1989 Ave., 300070 Timisoara, Romania; (R.-C.R.); (L.-C.R.); (D.C.); (M.R.); (R.B.)
| | - Mircea Rivis
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Timisoara, 9 Revolutiei 1989 Ave., 300070 Timisoara, Romania; (R.-C.R.); (L.-C.R.); (D.C.); (M.R.); (R.B.)
| | - Roxana Buzatu
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Timisoara, 9 Revolutiei 1989 Ave., 300070 Timisoara, Romania; (R.-C.R.); (L.-C.R.); (D.C.); (M.R.); (R.B.)
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11
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Durmaz L, Kiziltas H, Karagecili H, Alwasel S, Gulcin İ. Potential antioxidant, anticholinergic, antidiabetic and antiglaucoma activities and molecular docking of spiraeoside as a secondary metabolite of onion ( Allium cepa). Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:101760. [PMID: 37693735 PMCID: PMC10485163 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Onion contains many dietary and bioactive components including phenolics and flavonoids. Spiraeoside (quercetin-4-O-β-D-glucoside) is one of the most putative flavonoids in onion. Several antioxidant techniques were used in this investigation to assess the antioxidant capabilities of spiraeoside, including 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH·) scavenging, N,N-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine radical (DMPD•+) scavenging, 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonate) radical (ABTS•+) scavenging activities, cupric ions (Cu2+) reducing and potassium ferric cyanide reduction abilities. In contrast, the water-soluble α-tocopherol analogue trolox and the conventional antioxidants butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), and α-tocopherol were utilized as the standards for evaluation. Spiraeoside scavenged the DPPH radicals an IC50 of 28.51 μg/mL (r2: 0.9705) meanwhile BHA, BHT, trolox, and α-tocopherol displayed IC50 of 10.10 μg/mL (r2: 0.9015), 25.95 μg/mL (r2: 0.9221), 7.059 μg/mL (r2: 0.9614) and 11.31 μg/mL (r2: 0.9642), accordingly. The results exhibited that spiraeoside had effects similar to BHT, but less potent than α-tocopherol, trolox and BHA. Also, inhibitory effects of spiraeoside were evaluated toward some metabolic enzymes including acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), carbonic anhydrase II (CA II) and α-glycosidase, which are related to a number of illnesses, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), diabetes mellitus and glaucoma disorder. Spiraeoside exhibited IC50 values of 4.44 nM (r2: 0.9610), 7.88 nM (r2: 0.9784), 19.42 nM (r2: 0.9673) and 29.17 mM (r2: 0.9209), respectively against these enzymes. Enzyme inhibition abilities were compared to clinical used inhibitors including acetazolamide (for CA II), tacrine (for AChE and BChE) and acarbose (for α-glycosidase). Spiraeoside demonstrated effective antioxidant, anticholinergic, antidiabetic and antiglaucoma activities. With these properties, it has shown that Spiraeoside has the potential to be a medicine for some metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lokman Durmaz
- Department of Medical Services and Technology, Cayirli Vocational School, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, 24500, Cayirli, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Hatice Kiziltas
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Vocational School of Health Services, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, 65080, Van, Turkey
| | - Hasan Karagecili
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Siirt University, 56100, Siirt, Turkey
| | - Saleh Alwasel
- King Saud University, College of Science, Department of Zoology, 11362, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - İlhami Gulcin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Atatürk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
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Ozden EM, Bingol Z, Mutlu M, Karagecili H, Köksal E, Goren AC, Alwasel SH, Gulcin İ. Antioxidant, Antiglaucoma, Anticholinergic, and Antidiabetic Effects of Kiwifruit ( Actinidia deliciosa) Oil: Metabolite Profile Analysis Using LC-HR/MS, GC/MS and GC-FID. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1939. [PMID: 37763342 PMCID: PMC10532620 DOI: 10.3390/life13091939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Determining the antioxidant abilities and enzyme inhibition profiles of medicinally important plants and their oils is of great importance for a healthy life and the treatment of some common global diseases. Kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) oil was examined and researched using several bioanalytical methods comprehensively for the first time in this research to determine its antioxidant, antiglaucoma, antidiabetic and anti-Alzheimer's capabilities. Additionally, the kiwifruit oil inhibitory effects on acetylcholinesterase (AChE), carbonic anhydrase II (CA II), and α-amylase, which are linked to a number of metabolic illnesses, were established. Furthermore, LC-HRMS analysis was used to assess the phenolic content of kiwifruit oil. It came to light that kiwifruit oil contained 26 different phenolic compounds. According to the LC-HRMS findings, kiwifruit oil is abundant in apigenin (74.24 mg/L oil), epigallocatechin (12.89 mg/L oil), caryophyllene oxide (12.89 mg/L oil), and luteolin (5.49 mg/L oil). In addition, GC-MS and GC-FID studies were used to ascertain the quantity and chemical composition of the essential oils contained in kiwifruit oil. Squalene (53.04%), linoleoyl chloride (20.28%), linoleic acid (2.67%), and palmitic acid (1.54%) were the most abundant compounds in kiwifruit oil. For radical scavenging activities of kiwifruit oil, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazil (DPPH•) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS•+) radicals scavenging techniques were examined. These methods effectively demonstrated the potent radical scavenging properties of kiwifruit oil (IC50: 48.55 μg/mL for DPPH•, and IC50: 77.00 μg/mL for ABTS•+ scavenging). Also, for reducing capabilities, iron (Fe3+), copper (Cu2+), and Fe3+-2,4,6-tri(2-pyridyl)-S-triazine (TPTZ) reducing abilities were studied. Moreover, kiwifruit oil showed a considerable inhibition effect towards hCA II (IC50: 505.83 μg/mL), AChE (IC50: 12.80 μg/mL), and α-amylase (IC50: 421.02 μg/mL). The results revealed that the use of kiwifruit oil in a pharmaceutical procedure has very important effects due to its antioxidant, anti-Alzheimer, antidiabetic, and antiglaucoma effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eda Mehtap Ozden
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Türkiye;
| | - Zeynebe Bingol
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Tokat Vocational School of Health Services, Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat 60250, Türkiye;
| | - Muzaffer Mutlu
- Vocational School of Applied Sciences, Gelisim University, Istanbul 34315, Türkiye;
| | - Hasan Karagecili
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Siirt University, Siirt 56100, Türkiye
| | - Ekrem Köksal
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan 24100, Türkiye;
| | - Ahmet C. Goren
- Department Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Gebze Technical University, Kocaeli 41400, Türkiye;
| | - Saleh H. Alwasel
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia;
| | - İlhami Gulcin
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Tokat Vocational School of Health Services, Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat 60250, Türkiye;
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Carradori S, Ammazzalorso A, Niccolai S, Tanini D, D’Agostino I, Melfi F, Capperucci A, Grande R, Sisto F. Nature-Inspired Compounds: Synthesis and Antibacterial Susceptibility Testing of Eugenol Derivatives against H. pylori Strains. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1317. [PMID: 37765124 PMCID: PMC10534785 DOI: 10.3390/ph16091317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The antimicrobial properties of one of the most important secondary metabolites, Eugenol (EU), inspired us to design and synthesize three different series of derivatives enhancing its parent compound's anti-Helicobacter pylori activity. Thus, we prepared semisynthetic derivatives through (A) diazo aryl functionalization, (B) derivatization of the hydroxy group of EU, and (C) elongation of the allyl radical by incorporating a chalcogen atom. The antibacterial evaluation was performed on the reference NCTC 11637 strain and on three drug-resistant clinical isolates and the minimal inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations (MICs and MBCs) highlight the role of chalcogens in enhancing the antimicrobial activity (less than 4 µg/mL for some compounds) of the EU scaffold (32-64 µg/mL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Carradori
- Department of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (S.C.); (F.M.); (R.G.)
| | - Alessandra Ammazzalorso
- Department of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (S.C.); (F.M.); (R.G.)
| | - Sofia Niccolai
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3–13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (S.N.); (D.T.); (A.C.)
| | - Damiano Tanini
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3–13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (S.N.); (D.T.); (A.C.)
| | - Ilaria D’Agostino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Francesco Melfi
- Department of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (S.C.); (F.M.); (R.G.)
| | - Antonella Capperucci
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3–13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (S.N.); (D.T.); (A.C.)
| | - Rossella Grande
- Department of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (S.C.); (F.M.); (R.G.)
| | - Francesca Sisto
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Via Pascal 36, 20133 Milan, Italy;
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Suleiman MA, Usman MA, Awogbamila SO, Idris UA, Ibrahim FB, Mohammed HO. Therapeutic activity of eugenol towards mitigation of anaemia and oxidative organ damage caused by Plasmodium berghei. Mol Biochem Parasitol 2023; 255:111577. [PMID: 37329986 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2023.111577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The parasite responsible for causing malaria infection, Plasmodium, is known to exhibit resistance to a number of already available treatments. This has prompted the continue search for new antimalarial drugs ranging from medicinal plant parts to synthetic compounds. In lieu of this, the mitigative action of the bioactive compound, eugenol towards P. berghei-induced anaemia and oxidative organ damage was investigated following a demonstration of in vitro and in vivo antiplasmodial effects. Mice were infected with chloroquine-sensitive strain of P. berghei and thereafter treated with eugenol at doses of 10 and 20 mg/kg body weight (BW) for seven days. The packed cell volume and redox sensitive biomarkers in the liver, brain and spleen were measured. Our result demonstrated that eugenol significantly (p < 0.05) ameliorated the P. berghei-associated anaemia at a dose of 10 mg/kg BW. In addition, the compound, at a dose of 10 mg/kg BW, significantly (p < 0.05) alleviated the P. berghei-induced organ damage. This evidently confirmed that eugenol plays an ameliorative role towards P. berghei-related pathological alterations. Hence, the study opens up a new therapeutic use of eugenol against plasmodium parasite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukhtar Adeiza Suleiman
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
| | - Mohammed Aliyu Usman
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | | | - Umar Adam Idris
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Fatima Binta Ibrahim
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Halimat-Oyibo Mohammed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
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Nouidha S, Selmi S, Guigonis JM, Pourcher T, Chekir-Ghedira L, Kilani-Jaziri S. Metabolomics Profiling of Tunisian Sonchus oleraceus L. Extracts and Their Antioxidant Activities. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300290. [PMID: 37391386 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Sonchus oleraceus (L.) L. (Asteraceae) is an edible wild plant, known for its uses in traditional medicine. The aim of this study is to explore the phytochemical composition of the aerial parts (AP) and roots (R) of aqueous extracts of Sonchus oleraceus L. growing in Tunisia, using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC/MS/MS), and determine the content of polyphenols and antioxidant activities. Results showed that aqueous extracts of AP and R contained, respectively, 195.25±33 μg/g and 118.66±14 μg/g gallic acid equivalent (GAE), and 52.58±7 μg/g and 3.2±0.3μg/g quercetin equivalent. AP and R extracts also contained tannins, 581.78±33 μg/g and 948.44±19 μg/g GAE. The AP extract in the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) scavenging activities, hydroxyl radical scavenging (OH-) and in cupric reducing antioxidant activity (CUPRAC) assays were respectively 0.325±0.036 mg/mL, 0.053±0.018 mg/mL, 0.696±0.031 mg/mL and 60.94±0.004 μMTE/g, while the R extract using the same assays showed, 0.209±0.052 mg/mL, 0.034±0.002 mg/mL, 0.444±0.014 mg/mL and 50.63±0.006 μM Trolox equivalent/g, respectively. A total of 68 compounds were tentatively identified by LC/MS/MS in both extracts in which quinic acid, pyrogallol, osthrutin, piperine, gentisic acid, fisetin, luteolin, caffeic acid, gingerol, were the most abundant in the LC/MS/MS spectrum. Many of these metabolites were found for the first time in Tunisian Sonchus oleraceus L. which may take account for the antioxidant activities exhibited by the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameh Nouidha
- Unit of Bioactive and Natural Substances and Biotechnology UR17ES49, Faculty of Dentistry University of Monastir, Avicenne Street, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Salima Selmi
- Unit of Bioactive and Natural Substances and Biotechnology UR17ES49, Faculty of Dentistry University of Monastir, Avicenne Street, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Jean-Marie Guigonis
- Laboratory Transporter in Imaging and Radiotherapy in Oncology (TIRO), Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale (DRF), Institut des sciences du vivant Fréderic Joliot, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Côte d'Azur University, 06107, Nice, France
| | - Thierry Pourcher
- Laboratory Transporter in Imaging and Radiotherapy in Oncology (TIRO), Direction de la Recherche Fondamentale (DRF), Institut des sciences du vivant Fréderic Joliot, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Côte d'Azur University, 06107, Nice, France
| | - Leila Chekir-Ghedira
- Unit of Bioactive and Natural Substances and Biotechnology UR17ES49, Faculty of Dentistry University of Monastir, Avicenne Street, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Soumaya Kilani-Jaziri
- Unit of Bioactive and Natural Substances and Biotechnology UR17ES49, Faculty of Dentistry University of Monastir, Avicenne Street, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences A, Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir University of Monastir, Avicenne Street, 5019, Monastir, Tunisia
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Omar AAAH, Gad MF, Refaie AA, Abdelhafez HM, Mossa ATH. Benchmark Dose Approach to DNA and Liver Damage by Chlorpyrifos and Imidacloprid in Male Rats: The Protective Effect of a Clove-Oil-Based Nanoemulsion Loaded with Pomegranate Peel Extract. TOXICS 2023; 11:569. [PMID: 37505536 PMCID: PMC10383980 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11070569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides are widely used around the world to increase crop production. They also have negative impacts on animals, humans, and the ecosystem. This is the first report evaluating a novel pomegranate-extract-loaded clove-oil-based nanoemulsion (PELCN) and its potential for reducing oxidative stress and DNA damage, as well as its hepatoprotective effects against imidacloprid (IM) and chlorpyrifos (CPF) toxicity in male rats. The benchmark dose (BMD) approach was also used to study the dose-response toxicity of IM and CPF. IM and CPF were administered daily for 28 days at doses of 14, 28, and 54 mg/kg body weight (bw) of IM and 1, 2, and 4 mg/kg bw of CPF via drinking water. The PELCN was administered orally at a dose of 50 mg/kg bw/day of pomegranate extract, 500 mg/kg bw of the clove oil nanoemulsion, and IM or CPF at high doses in the drinking water. In male rats, IM and CPF caused a reduction in body weight gain and hepatotoxic effects as evidenced by increases in the liver enzymes AST, ALT, and ALP. They caused oxidative damage in the liver of male rats as indicated by the decreased liver activity of the GST, GPX, SOD, and CAT enzymes and decreased serum TAC. IM and CPF produced a significant dose-dependent increase in DNA damage in hepatocyte cells, resulting in moderate to severe liver damage with cells that are more inflammatory and have enlarged sinusoids and compacted nuclei. IM had a higher BMD than CPF for both body and liver weight, suggesting that CPF was more dose-dependently toxic than IM. Albumin was a highly sensitive liver biomarker for IM, while total protein was a biomarker for the CPF-treated rats. GPx was an extremely sensitive biomarker of oxidative stress in the IM treatment, while CAT and GPx were highly sensitive parameters in the CPF-treated rats. Therefore, at comparable doses, CPF has a higher potential to cause liver damage and oxidative stress than IM. The hepatotoxicity of IM and CPF can be mitigated by administering a nanoemulsion containing clove oil and pomegranate extract. The nanoemulsion acts as a protector against the oxidative stress caused by these insecticides, especially at high doses. The nanoemulsion based on clove oil increases the bioavailability and stability of the pomegranate extract, which has antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alia Ahmed Abdel-Hamid Omar
- Pesticide Chemistry Department, Chemical Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth Street (Former El Tahrir St.), Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Marwa Farouk Gad
- Pesticide Chemistry Department, Chemical Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth Street (Former El Tahrir St.), Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Amel A Refaie
- Pesticide Chemistry Department, Chemical Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth Street (Former El Tahrir St.), Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Hemmat Mansour Abdelhafez
- Cytochemistry and Histology, Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science (For Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt
| | - Abdel-Tawab H Mossa
- Pesticide Chemistry Department, Chemical Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth Street (Former El Tahrir St.), Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
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Barbosa-de-Oliveira MC, Oliveira-Melo P, Gonçalves da Silva MH, Santos da Silva F, Andrade Carvalho da Silva F, Silva de Araujo BV, Franco de Oliveira M, Tadeu Correia A, Miyoshi Sakamoto S, Valença SS, Lanzetti M, Schmidt M, Kennedy-Feitosa E. Modulation of Alveolar Macrophage Activity by Eugenol Attenuates Cigarette-Smoke-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1258. [PMID: 37371988 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12061258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the role of eugenol (EUG) on CS-induced acute lung injury (ALI) and how this compound is able to modulate macrophage activity. C57BL/6 mice were exposed to 12 cigarettes/day/5days and treated 15 min/day/5days with EUG. Rat alveolar macrophages (RAMs) were exposed to CSE (5%) and treated with EUG. In vivo, EUG reduced morphological changes inflammatory cells, oxidative stress markers, while, in vitro, it induced balance in the oxidative stress and reduced the pro-inflammatory cytokine release while increasing the anti-inflammatory one. These results suggest that eugenol reduced CS-induced ALI and acted as a modulator of macrophage activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Clara Barbosa-de-Oliveira
- Morphophysiopharmacology Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences, Federal University of the Semi-Arid Region, Mossoró 59625-900, Brazil
| | - Paolo Oliveira-Melo
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Cirurgia Torácica, Faculdade de Medicina HCFMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-220, Brazil
| | | | - Flávio Santos da Silva
- Morphophysiopharmacology Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences, Federal University of the Semi-Arid Region, Mossoró 59625-900, Brazil
| | - Felipe Andrade Carvalho da Silva
- Morphophysiopharmacology Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences, Federal University of the Semi-Arid Region, Mossoró 59625-900, Brazil
| | - Bruno Vinicios Silva de Araujo
- Morphophysiopharmacology Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences, Federal University of the Semi-Arid Region, Mossoró 59625-900, Brazil
| | | | - Aristides Tadeu Correia
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Cirurgia Torácica, Faculdade de Medicina HCFMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-220, Brazil
| | - Sidnei Miyoshi Sakamoto
- Morphophysiopharmacology Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences, Federal University of the Semi-Arid Region, Mossoró 59625-900, Brazil
| | - Samuel Santos Valença
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, Brazil
| | - Manuella Lanzetti
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, Brazil
| | - Martina Schmidt
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, Building 3211, Room 406, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
- Groningen Research Institute of Asthma and COPD, GRIAC, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Emanuel Kennedy-Feitosa
- Morphophysiopharmacology Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences, Federal University of the Semi-Arid Region, Mossoró 59625-900, Brazil
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Anjum NF, Shanmugarajan D, Prashantha Kumar BR, Faizan S, Durai P, Raju RM, Javid S, Purohit MN. Novel Derivatives of Eugenol as a New Class of PPARγ Agonists in Treating Inflammation: Design, Synthesis, SAR Analysis and In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Activity. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093899. [PMID: 37175309 PMCID: PMC10180488 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The main objective of this research was to develop novel compounds from readily accessed natural products especially eugenol with potential biological activity. Eugenol, the principal chemical constituent of clove (Eugenia caryophyllata) from the family Myrtaceae is renowned for its pharmacological properties, which include analgesic, antidiabetic, antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory effects. According to reports, PPARγ regulates inflammatory reactions. The synthesized compounds were structurally analyzed using FT-IR, 1HNMR, 13CNMR, and mass spectroscopy techniques. Molecular docking was performed to analyze binding free energy and important amino acids involved in the interaction between synthesized derivatives and the target protein. The development of the structure-activity relationship is based on computational studies. Additionally, the stability of the best-docked protein-ligand complexes was assessed using molecular dynamic modeling. The in-vitro PPARγ competitive binding Lanthascreen TR-FRET assay was used to confirm the affinity of compounds to the target protein. All the synthesized derivatives were evaluated for an in vitro anti-inflammatory activity using an albumin denaturation assay and HRBC membrane stabilization at varying concentrations from 6.25 to 400 µM. In this background, with the aid of computational research, we were able to design six novel derivatives of eugenol synthesized, analyzed, and utilized TR-FRET competitive binding assay to screen them for their ability to bind PPARγ. Anti-inflammatory activity evaluation through in vitro albumin denaturation and HRBC method revealed that 1f exhibits maximum inhibition of heat-induced albumin denaturation at 50% and 85% protection against HRBC lysis at 200 and 400 µM, respectively. Overall, we found novel derivatives of eugenol that could potentially reduce inflammation by PPARγ agonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor Fathima Anjum
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Farooqia College of Pharmacy, Mysuru 570 015, India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570 015, India
| | - Dhivya Shanmugarajan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570 015, India
| | - B R Prashantha Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570 015, India
| | - Syed Faizan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570 015, India
| | - Priya Durai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570 015, India
| | - Ruby Mariam Raju
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570 015, India
| | - Saleem Javid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Farooqia College of Pharmacy, Mysuru 570 015, India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570 015, India
| | - Madhusudan N Purohit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570 015, India
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Sharma H, Kim DY, Shim KH, Sharma N, An SSA. Multi-Targeting Neuroprotective Effects of Syzygium aromaticum Bud Extracts and Their Key Phytocompounds against Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:8148. [PMID: 37175851 PMCID: PMC10178913 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that causes a gradual loss of normal motor and cognitive function. The complex AD pathophysiology involves various factors such as oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, amyloid-beta (Aβ) aggregation, disturbed neurotransmission, and apoptosis. The available drugs suffer from a range of side effects and are not able to cover different aspects of the disease. Therefore, finding a safer therapeutic approach that can affect multiple targets at a time is highly desirable. In the present study, the underlying neuroprotective mechanism of an important culinary spice, Syzygium aromaticum (Clove) extract, and major bioactive compounds were studied in hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell lines as a model. The extracts were subjected to GC-MS to identify important bioactive components. The extracts and key bio-actives reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS), restored mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and provided neuroprotection from H2O2-induced oxidative stress in cell-based assays due to the antioxidant action. They also reduced lipid peroxidation significantly and restored GSH content. Clove extracts have also displayed anti-acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, anti-glycation potential, and Aβ aggregation/fibrilization inhibition. The multitarget neuroprotective approach displayed by Clove makes it a potential candidate for AD drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Niti Sharma
- Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon Bionano Research Institute, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si 461-701, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Soo A. An
- Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon Bionano Research Institute, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si 461-701, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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20
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Liu T, Cao L, Zhang T, Fu H. Molecular docking studies, anti-Alzheimer's disease, antidiabetic, and anti-acute myeloid leukemia potentials of narcissoside. Arch Physiol Biochem 2023; 129:405-415. [PMID: 33075241 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1828483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In this research, we explored their capacity for Narcissoside antioxidant and anticholinergic, antidiabetic, and anti-acute myeloid leukaemia. Narcissoside's antioxidant activities were elucidated by the use of various bioanalytical assays. Narcissoside's radical scavenging activities were evaluated by DPPH• and ABTS•+ scavenging activities. On the other hand, IC50 values were calculated for DPPH•, and ABTS•+ scavenging, acetylcholinesterase, and α-glucosidase inhibition effects of narcissoside. IC50 values narcissoside, as 11.54 nM for AChE and 65.58 nM for α-glucosidase were calculated with % Activity-[Inhibitory] graphs. Then, ADME/T analysis of narcissoside molecule was performed to calculate the drug becoming parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Liu
- Department of Hematology, People's Hospital of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Hematology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Key Biologic Laboratory of Blood Tumor Cell of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lixia Cao
- Department of Hematology, People's Hospital of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Hematology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Key Biologic Laboratory of Blood Tumor Cell of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Department of Hematology, People's Hospital of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Hematology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Key Biologic Laboratory of Blood Tumor Cell of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Huan Fu
- Department of Hematology, People's Hospital of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Hematology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Key Biologic Laboratory of Blood Tumor Cell of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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21
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Nurcahyanti ADR, Satriawan N, Sharopov F. Free radical scavenging synergism of fucoxanthin with lipophilic plant products. Nat Prod Res 2023; 37:782-787. [PMID: 36796788 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2084737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Fucoxanthin demonstrates potential bioactivity, gaining greater interest with many prospective applications. The fundamental activity of fucoxanthin is antioxidant. However, some findings also report the pro-oxidant potential of carotenoids in particular concentrations and environments. In many applications, fucoxanthin requires additional materials to improve bioavailability and stability, such as lipophilic plant products (LPP). Despite much-growing evidence, little is known how fucoxanthin interacts with LPP, which is susceptible to an oxidative reaction. We hypothesised that lower concentration of fucoxanthin exerts a synergistic effect in combination with LPP. The low molecular weight of LPP may exhibit greater activity than long-chain LPP, and so it does with the concentration of unsaturated moieties. We performed free radical-scavenging assay of fucoxanthin combined with some essential oils and edible oils. Chou-Talalay theorem was employed to depict the combination effect. The current study demonstrates a staple finding and constitutes theoretical viewpoints before further fucoxanthin's utilization with LPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustina Dwi Retno Nurcahyanti
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Natasha Satriawan
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Farukh Sharopov
- Research Institution "Chinese-Tajik Innovation Center for Natural Products", National Academy of Sciences of Tajikistan, Dushanbe, Tajikistan
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Hong JK, Sook Jo Y, Jeong DH, Woo SM, Park JY, Yoon DJ, Lee YH, Choi SH, Park CJ. Vapours from plant essential oils to manage tomato grey mould caused by Botrytis cinerea. Fungal Biol 2023; 127:985-996. [PMID: 37024158 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Tomato grey mould has been a great concern during tomato production. The in vitro antifungal activity of vapours emitted from four plant essential oils (EOs) (cinnamon oil, fennel oil, origanum oil, and thyme oil) were evaluated during in vitro conidial germination and mycelial growth of Botrytis cinerea, the causal agent of grey mould. Cinnamon oil vapour was the most effective in suppressing conidial germination, whereas the four EOs showed similar activities regarding inhibiting mycelial growth in dose-dependent manners. The in planta protection effect of the four EO vapours was also investigated by measuring necrotic lesions on tomato leaves inoculated by B. cinerea. Grey mould lesions on the inoculated leaves were reduced by the vapours from cinnamon oil, origanum oil and thyme oil at different levels, but fennel oil did not limit the spread of the necrotic lesions. Decreases in cuticle defect, lipid peroxidation, and hydrogen peroxide production in the B. cinerea-inoculated leaves were correlated with reduced lesions by the cinnamon oil vapours. The reduced lesions by the cinnamon oil vapour were well matched with arrested fungal proliferation on the inoculated leaves. The cinnamon oil vapour regulated tomato defence-related gene expression in the leaves with or without fungal inoculation. These results suggest that the plant essential oil vapours, notably cinnamon oil vapour, can provide eco-friendly alternatives to manage grey mould during tomato production.
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Comprehensive Metabolite Profiling of Berdav Propolis Using LC-MS/MS: Determination of Antioxidant, Anticholinergic, Antiglaucoma, and Antidiabetic Effects. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041739. [PMID: 36838726 PMCID: PMC9965732 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Propolis is a complex natural compound that honeybees obtain from plants and contributes to hive safety. It is rich in phenolic and flavonoid compounds, which contain antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer properties. In this study, the chemical composition and antioxidant activities of propolis were investigated; ABTS•+, DPPH• and DMPD•+ were prepared using radical scavenging antioxidant methods. The phenolic and flavonoid contents of propolis were 53 mg of gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g and 170.164 mg of quercetin equivalent (QE)/g, respectively. The ferric ion (Fe3+) reduction, CUPRAC and FRAP reduction capacities were also studied. The antioxidant and reducing capacities of propolis were compared with those of butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), α-tocopherol and Trolox reference standards. The half maximal inhibition concentration (IC50) values of propolis for ABTS•+, DPPH• and DMPD•+ scavenging activities were found to be 8.15, 20.55 and 86.64 μg/mL, respectively. Propolis extract demonstrated IC50 values of 3.7, 3.4 and 19.6 μg/mL against α-glycosidase, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and carbonic anhydrase II (hCA II) enzyme, respectively. These enzymes' inhibition was associated with diabetes, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and glaucoma. The reducing power, antioxidant activity and enzyme inhibition capacity of propolis extract were comparable to those demonstrated by the standards. Twenty-eight phenolic compounds, including acacetin, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, naringenin, chrysin, quinic acid, quercetin, and ferulic acid, were determined by LC-MS/MS to be major organic compounds in propolis. The polyphenolic antioxidant-rich content of the ethanol extract of propolis appears to be a natural product that can be used in the treatment of diabetes, AD, glaucoma, epilepsy, and cancerous diseases.
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Determination of Chemical Composition, Antioxidant, Antibacterial and Antidiabetic Activities During Maturation of Ficus-carica Stems Barks Essential Oils. CHEMISTRY AFRICA 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s42250-023-00600-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Hasan MR, Alotaibi BS, Althafar ZM, Mujamammi AH, Jameela J. An Update on the Therapeutic Anticancer Potential of Ocimum sanctum L.: "Elixir of Life". Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031193. [PMID: 36770859 PMCID: PMC9919305 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In most cases, cancer develops due to abnormal cell growth and subsequent tumour formation. Due to significant constraints with current treatments, natural compounds are being explored as potential alternatives. There are now around 30 natural compounds under clinical trials for the treatment of cancer. Tulsi, or Holy Basil, of the genus Ocimum, is one of the most widely available and cost-effective medicinal plants. In India, the tulsi plant has deep religious and medicinal significance. Tulsi essential oil contains a valuable source of bioactive compounds, such as camphor, eucalyptol, eugenol, alpha-bisabolene, beta-bisabolene, and beta-caryophyllene. These compounds are proposed to be responsible for the antimicrobial properties of the leaf extracts. The anticancer effects of tulsi (Ocimum sanctum L.) have earned it the title of "queen of herbs" and "Elixir of Life" in Ayurvedic treatment. Tulsi leaves, which have high concentrations of eugenol, have been shown to have anticancer properties. In a various cancers, eugenol exerts its antitumour effects through a number of different mechanisms. In light of this, the current review focuses on the anticancer benefits of tulsi and its primary phytoconstituent, eugenol, as apotential therapeutic agent against a wide range of cancer types. In recent years, tulsi has gained popularity due to its anticancer properties. In ongoing clinical trials, a number of tulsi plant compounds are being evaluated for their potential anticancer effects. This article discusses anticancer, chemopreventive, and antioxidant effects of tulsi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Raghibul Hasan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Alquwayiyah 11971, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-56-241-6571
| | - Bader Saud Alotaibi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Alquwayiyah 11971, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ziyad Mohammed Althafar
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Alquwayiyah 11971, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Hussain Mujamammi
- Clinical Biochemistry Unit, Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jafar Jameela
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Alquwayiyah 11971, Saudi Arabia
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Emam MA, Farouk SM, Aljazzar A, Abdelhameed AA, Eldeeb AA, Gad FAM. Curcumin and cinnamon mitigates lead acetate-induced oxidative damage in the spleen of rats. Front Pharmacol 2023; 13:1072760. [PMID: 36726787 PMCID: PMC9885216 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1072760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Lead toxicity is a common occupational and environmental health hazard that exerts many toxic effects on animals and humans, including immunotoxicity. Curcumin (CUR) and cinnamon (CIN) are common medicinal herbs with immunostimulatory and antioxidant properties. Therefore, this study investigated the protective effect of curcumin and cinnamon against lead acetate (LA)-induced splenotoxicity in rats via hemato-biochemical, immunological, oxidative stress marker, CYP-2E1 expression, histological, and immunohistological evaluations. Four groups of seven rats each were used: the control group received corn oil as a vehicle; the lead acetate group received (100 mg/kg), the CUR + LA group received curcumin (400 mg/kg) plus lead acetate, and the CIN + LA group received cinnamon (200 mg/kg) plus lead acetate orally for 1 month. LA exposure induced macrocytic hypochromic anemia, leukocytosis, neutrophilia, monocytosis, and lymphopenia. Additionally, significant elevations in serum iron, ferritin levels, and transferrin saturation percentage with significant decline of total and unsaturated iron binding capacities (TIBC and UIBC), transferrin, and immunoglobulin G and M levels were recorded. In addition, lead acetate significantly upregulated splenic CYP-2E1 expression, that was evident by significant depletion of reduced glutathione (GSH) activity and elevation of malondihyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and protein carbonyl (PC) concentrations in the spleen. Histologically, hyperplasia of lymphoid follicles, hemosiderin deposition, and disturbance of CD3 and CD68 immuno-expressions were evident in the spleen from the lead acetate group. However, curcumin and cinnamon administration restored the hemato-biochemical, immunological, and oxidative stress parameters as well as histological and immunohistological pictures toward normalcy. In conclusion, curcumin and cinnamon can partially ameliorate LA-induced oxidative damage in the spleen, possibly through their antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and gene-regulating activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Abdelghaffar Emam
- Histology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt,*Correspondence: Mahmoud Abdelghaffar Emam,
| | - Sameh Mohamed Farouk
- Cytology and Histology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Aljazzar
- Pathology Department, Collage of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer A. Abdelhameed
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Abeer A. Eldeeb
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Fatma Abdel-monem Gad
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
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Comprehensive Metabolite Profiling of Cinnamon ( Cinnamomum zeylanicum) Leaf Oil Using LC-HR/MS, GC/MS, and GC-FID: Determination of Antiglaucoma, Antioxidant, Anticholinergic, and Antidiabetic Profiles. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:life13010136. [PMID: 36676085 PMCID: PMC9865886 DOI: 10.3390/life13010136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, for the first time, the antioxidant and antidiabetic properties of the essential oil from cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) leaves were evaluated and investigated using various bioanalytical methods. In addition, the inhibitory effects of cinnamon oil on carbonic anhydrase II (hCA II), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and α-amylase, which are associated with various metabolic diseases, were determined. Further, the phenolic contents of the essential oil were determined using LC-HRMS chromatography. Twenty-seven phenolic molecules were detected in cinnamon oil. Moreover, the amount and chemical profile of the essential oils present in cinnamon oil was determined using GC/MS and GC-FID analyses. (E)-cinnamaldehyde (72.98%), benzyl benzoate (4.01%), and trans-Cinnamyl acetate (3.36%) were the most common essential oils in cinnamon leaf oil. The radical scavenging activities of cinnamon oil were investigated using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazil (DPPH•), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), and (ABTS•+) bioanalytical scavenging methods, which revealed its strong radical scavenging abilities (DPPH•, IC50: 4.78 μg/mL; and ABTS•+, IC50: 5.21 μg/mL). Similarly, the reducing capacities for iron (Fe3+), copper (Cu2+), and Fe3+-2,4,6-tri(2-pyridyl)-S-triazine (TPTZ) were investigated. Cinnamon oil also exhibited highly effective inhibition against hCA II (IC50: 243.24 μg/mL), AChE (IC50: 16.03 μg/mL), and α-amylase (IC50: 7.54μg/mL). This multidisciplinary study will be useful and pave the way for further studies for the determination of antioxidant properties and enzyme inhibition profiles of medically and industrially important plants and their oils.
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Alam MM, Elbehairi SEI, Shati AA, Hussien RA, Alfaifi MY, Malebari AM, Asad M, Elhenawy AA, Asiri AM, Mahzari AM, Alshehri RF, Nazreen S. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of new eugenol derivatives containing 1,3,4-oxadiazole as novel inhibitors of thymidylate synthase. NEW J CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj05711e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
We report the preparation and cytotoxicity of two new eugenol derivatives that contain 1,3,4-oxadiazole, as novel inhibitors of thymidylate synthase; these derivatives are shown to be promising chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mahboob Alam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Serag Eldin I. Elbehairi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia
- Cell Culture Laboratory, Egyptian Organization for Biological Products and Vaccines, VACSERA Holding Company, Giza 2311, Egypt
| | - Ali A. Shati
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rania A. Hussien
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Y. Alfaifi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 9004, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azizah M. Malebari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Asad
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR), King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A. Elhenawy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, 11884 Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdullah M. Asiri
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR), King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali M. Mahzari
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Al Baha University, Al Baha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem F. Alshehri
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Art, Al Ula, Taibah University, Al Madinah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Nazreen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Firmanda A, Fahma F, Warsiki E, Syamsu K, Arnata IW, Sartika D, Suryanegara L, Qanytah, Suyanto A. Antimicrobial mechanism of nanocellulose composite packaging incorporated with essential oils. Food Control 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2023.109617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Ren M, Cai Z, Chen L, Wahia H, Zhang L, Wang Y, Yu X, Zhou C. Preparation of zein/chitosan/eugenol/curcumin active films for blueberry preservation. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 223:1054-1066. [PMID: 36395925 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to develop zein/chitosan-based films formulated with curcumin and eugenol to improve the quality of postharvest blueberries. First, the film-forming solutions were characterized (rheological property and water distribution), and the mechanical, structural properties and bioactivity of active films fabricated by casting were evaluated. Further, the active film was coated with blueberry stored at 4 °C, and physicochemical properties (weight loss, hardness, microbial counts, and appearance changes) were measured. The film-forming solutions exhibited non-Newtonian behavior. The incorporation of curcumin and eugenol improved the tensile strength and elongation at the break of films, reaching 17.86 MPa and 92.80 %, respectively. The antioxidant capacity was enhanced, and DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging rates were up to 90.60 ± 0.06 % and 86.34 ± 0.39 %, respectively. Meanwhile, the prepared active films possessed good anti-UV and sensitive pH-response color-shifting ability. Compared to the uncoated blueberry, blueberry coated with zein/chitosan/curcumin/eugenol showed lower weight loss and higher hardness, indicating that the prepared active films played a vital role in delaying the deterioration of blueberry and extending its shelf life. Overall, the zein-chitosan incorporated with curcumin and eugenol films could be a promising candidate to prolong the shelf life of food products due to their excellent bioactive capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manni Ren
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; College of Food and Bioengineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Zhe Cai
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Li Chen
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Hafida Wahia
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Li Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xiaojie Yu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Cunshan Zhou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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Multifaceted Pharmacological Potentials of Curcumin, Genistein, and Tanshinone IIA through Proteomic Approaches: An In-Depth Review. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010249. [PMID: 36612248 PMCID: PMC9818426 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytochemicals possess various intriguing pharmacological properties against diverse pathological conditions. Extensive studies are on-going to understand the structural/functional properties of phytochemicals as well as the molecular mechanisms of their therapeutic function against various disease conditions. Phytochemicals such as curcumin (Cur), genistein (Gen), and tanshinone-IIA (Tan IIA) have multifaceted therapeutic potentials and various efforts are in progress to understand the molecular dynamics of their function with different tools and technologies. Cur is an active lipophilic polyphenol with pleiotropic function, and it has been shown to possess various intriguing properties including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anticancer, and anti-genotoxic properties besides others beneficial properties. Similarly, Gen (an isoflavone) exhibits a wide range of vital functions including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, pro-apoptotic, anti-proliferative, anti-angiogenic activities etc. In addition, Tan IIA, a lipophilic compound, possesses antioxidant, anti-angiogenic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer activities, and so on. Over the last few decades, the field of proteomics has garnered great momentum mainly attributed to the recent advancement in mass spectrometry (MS) techniques. It is envisaged that the proteomics technology has considerably contributed to the biomedical research endeavors lately. Interestingly, they have also been explored as a reliable approach to understand the molecular intricacies related to phytochemical-based therapeutic interventions. The present review provides an overview of the proteomics studies performed to unravel the underlying molecular intricacies of various phytochemicals such as Cur, Gen, and Tan IIA. This in-depth study will help the researchers in better understanding of the pharmacological potential of the phytochemicals at the proteomics level. Certainly, this review will be highly instrumental in catalyzing the translational shift from phytochemical-based biomedical research to clinical practice in the near future.
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Gajjala RR, Chinta RR, Gopireddy VSR, Poola S, Balam SK, Chintha V, Pasupuleti VR, Avula VKR, Vallela S, Vasilievich Zyryanov G, Cirandur SR. Ethyl-4-(aryl)-6-methyl-2-(oxo/thio)-3,4-dihydro-1H-pyrimidine-5-carboxylates: Silica supported bismuth(III)triflate catalyzed synthesis and antioxidant activity. Bioorg Chem 2022; 129:106205. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Mohammed A, Sanusi K, Haruna UY. Tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus L.) and date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) fruit blend mitigates hyperglycemia, insulin resistance and oxidative complications in type-2 diabetes models. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14423. [PMID: 36125886 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Tiger nut and date fruit are chewy with sweet taste and are popularly consumed as food either alone, mixed or paired with other fruits, seeds and vegetables. They are locally used to treat diabetes and were separately reported to attenuate hyperglycemia in various animal models of diabetes. However, effect of tiger nut and date fruit mixture on key diabetes related parameters has not yet been reported. Therefore, we investigated the antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of the tiger nut and date blend (TDB) using in vitro and in vivo models. The TDB was prepared in equal ratio (1:1). For the in vivo study, mixture was included in the diet at 5% and 10% and feed the type 2 diabetic rats for 4 weeks. The diabetic untreated rats showed significant (p < .05) hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance and oxidative stress. Consumption of the TDB blend, significantly (p < .05) reduced fasting blood glucose by 71% and 52% in the groups treated with high and low doses respectively. In addition, intake of TBD blend demonstrated significant (p < .05) antihyperlipidemic, ameliorated insulin resistance and oxidative stress in the treated groups. The effects were more prominent in group supplemented with the 10% of the TDB and attributed to some promising ingredients detected. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of TDB exhibited antidiabetic action and could be due to the phytochemicals assessed. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Inclusion of functional foods such as tiger nut and date fruit in daily diet is proved to be highly beneficial in controlling type-2 diabetes and its associated complications. Our results show that tiger nut and date fruit blend can effectively reduce hyperglycemia and oxidative damage, improve insulin sensitivity in type-2 diabetes rat model. Hence, the data shows the potential of tiger nut and date fruit blend to promote scientific basis of the dietary application of tiger nut and date fruit blend as a functional food for the remedy of diabetes and its associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aminu Mohammed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Khalid Sanusi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Umar Yakubu Haruna
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
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Azevedo-Barbosa H, Ferreira-Silva GÁ, do Vale BP, Hawkes JA, Ionta M, Carvalho DT. Synthesis and Structure-Activity Relationship Studies of Novel Aryl Sulfonamides and Their Activity against Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202200831. [PMID: 36305872 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A series of structural analogs of aryl sulfonamide hybrid compounds were synthesised and their cytotoxic activity was evaluated against three human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 and Hs 578T). The compounds were designed through electronic, hydrophobic and steric modifications using the chemical structure of N-{4-[(2-hydroxy-3-methoxy-5-propylphenyl)sulfamoyl]phenyl}acetamide (referred to as compound 7) as a starting point to then assess a structure-activity relationship (SAR) study. From the data generated, we observed that compounds 9, 10 and 11 (which have modifications in the substituents of the aryl sulfonamide), efficiently reduced the cell viability of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell cultures. Based on initial data, we selected compounds 10 and 11 for further investigations into their antiproliferative and/or cytotoxic profile against MDA-MB-231 cells, and we noted that compound 10 was the most promising compound in the series. Compound 10 promoted morphological changes and altered the dynamics of cell cycle progression in MDA-MB-231 cells, inducing arrest in G1/S transition. Taken together, these results show that the dihydroeugenol-aryl-sulfonamide hybrid compound 10 (which has an electron withdrawing nitro group) displays promising antiproliferative activity against MDA-MB-231 cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helloana Azevedo-Barbosa
- LQFar - Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, 700, Gabriel Monteiro da Silva, 37130-001, Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Álvaro Ferreira-Silva
- LABAInt - Laboratory of Integrative Animal Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Bianca Pereira do Vale
- LQFar - Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, 700, Gabriel Monteiro da Silva, 37130-001, Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | - Jamie Anthony Hawkes
- LQFar - Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, 700, Gabriel Monteiro da Silva, 37130-001, Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | - Marisa Ionta
- LABAInt - Laboratory of Integrative Animal Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Diogo Teixeira Carvalho
- LQFar - Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, 700, Gabriel Monteiro da Silva, 37130-001, Alfenas, MG, Brazil
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Aboelwafa HR, Ramadan RA, Ibraheim SS, Yousef HN. Modulation Effects of Eugenol on Nephrotoxicity Triggered by Silver Nanoparticles in Adult Rats. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11121719. [PMID: 36552229 PMCID: PMC9774980 DOI: 10.3390/biology11121719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is expanding. This study evaluates the modulator effect of eugenol (Eug) on AgNP-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Sixty male rats were separated into six groups: control, Eug, AgNPs low-dose, AgNPs high-dose, Eug + AgNPs low-dose, and Eug + AgNPs high-dose. After 30 days, kidney function, antioxidative and proinflammatory status, histopathological, histomorphometrical, and immunohistochemical assessments were performed. AgNPs markedly induced oxidative stress in renal tissues, characterized by increased levels of blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, uric acid, kidney injury molecule-1, the total oxidant capacity, malondialdehyde, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-6, as well as decreased levels of the total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase, catalase, reduced glutathione, and glutathione peroxidase. Moreover, the normal renal architecture was destroyed, and the thickness of the renal capsules, cortex, and medulla, alongside the diameter and quantity of the normal Malpighian corpuscles and the proximal and distal convoluted tubules were decreased. Immunoreactivity for P53, caspase-3, and TNF-α reactive proteins were significantly increased; however, Bcl-2 immunoreactivity was decreased. Eug reversed most biochemical, histological, histomorphometrical, and immunohistochemical changes in AgNP-treated animals. This study demonstrated that nephrotoxicity in AgNP-treated rats was mitigated by an Eug supplementation. Eug's antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and anti-inflammatory capabilities were the key in modulating AgNPs nephrotoxicity.
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Oriola AO, Oyedeji AO. Essential Oils and Their Compounds as Potential Anti-Influenza Agents. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27227797. [PMID: 36431899 PMCID: PMC9693178 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Essential oils (EOs) are chemical substances, mostly produced by aromatic plants in response to stress, that have a history of medicinal use for many diseases. In the last few decades, EOs have continued to gain more attention because of their proven therapeutic applications against the flu and other infectious diseases. Influenza (flu) is an infectious zoonotic disease that affects the lungs and their associated organs. It is a public health problem with a huge health burden, causing a seasonal outbreak every year. Occasionally, it comes as a disease pandemic with unprecedentedly high hospitalization and mortality. Currently, influenza is managed by vaccination and antiviral drugs such as Amantadine, Rimantadine, Oseltamivir, Peramivir, Zanamivir, and Baloxavir. However, the adverse side effects of these drugs, the rapid and unlimited variabilities of influenza viruses, and the emerging resistance of new virus strains to the currently used vaccines and drugs have necessitated the need to obtain more effective anti-influenza agents. In this review, essential oils are discussed in terms of their chemistry, ethnomedicinal values against flu-related illnesses, biological potential as anti-influenza agents, and mechanisms of action. In addition, the structure-activity relationships of lead anti-influenza EO compounds are also examined. This is all to identify leading agents that can be optimized as drug candidates for the management of influenza. Eucalyptol, germacrone, caryophyllene derivatives, eugenol, terpin-4-ol, bisabolene derivatives, and camphecene are among the promising EO compounds identified, based on their reported anti-influenza activities and plausible molecular actions, while nanotechnology may be a new strategy to achieve the efficient delivery of these therapeutically active EOs to the active virus site.
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Elattar EM, Galala AA, Saad HA, Badria FA. Hyaluronidase Inhibitory Activity and In Silico Docking Study of New Eugenol 1,2,3‐triazole Derivatives. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202202194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eman M. Elattar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy Mansoura University Mansoura 35516 Egypt
| | - Amal A. Galala
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy Mansoura University Mansoura 35516 Egypt
| | - Hassan‐Elrady A. Saad
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy Mansoura University Mansoura 35516 Egypt
| | - Farid A. Badria
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy Mansoura University Mansoura 35516 Egypt
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Padhy I, Paul P, Sharma T, Banerjee S, Mondal A. Molecular Mechanisms of Action of Eugenol in Cancer: Recent Trends and Advancement. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:1795. [PMID: 36362950 PMCID: PMC9699592 DOI: 10.3390/life12111795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is, at present, among the leading causes of morbidity globally. Despite advances in treatment regimens for cancer, patients suffer from poor prognoses. In this context, the availability of vast natural resources seems to alleviate the shortcomings of cancer chemotherapy. The last decade has seen a breakthrough in the investigations related to the anticancer potential of dietary phytoconstituents. Interestingly, a handsome number of bioactive principles, ranging from phenolic acids, phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, stilbenes, and terpenoids to organosulphur compounds have been screened for their anticancer properties. Among the phenylpropanoids currently under clinical studies for anticancer activity, eugenol is a promising candidate. Eugenol is effective against cancers like breast, cervical, lung, prostate, melanomas, leukemias, osteosarcomas, gliomas, etc., as evident from preclinical investigations. OBJECTIVE The review aims to focus on cellular and molecular mechanisms of eugenol for cancer prevention and therapy. METHODS Based on predetermined criteria, various scholarly repositories, including PubMed, Scopus, and Science Direct were analyzed for anticancer activities of eugenol. RESULTS Different biochemical investigations reveal eugenol inducing cytotoxicity, inhibiting phases of the cell cycles, programmed cell death, and auto-phagocytosis in studied cancer lines; thus, portraying eugenol as a promising anticancer molecule. A survey of current literature has unveiled the molecular mechanisms intervened by eugenol in exercising its anticancer role. CONCLUSION Based on the critical analysis of the literature, eugenol exhibits vivid signaling pathways to combat cancers of different origins. The reports also depict the advancement of novel nano-drug delivery approaches upgrading the therapeutic profile of eugenol. Therefore, eugenol nanoformulations may have enormous potential for both the treatment and prevention of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ipsa Padhy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha ‘O’Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar 751003, Odisha, India
| | - Paramita Paul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohunpur 734013, West Bengal, India
| | - Tripti Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha ‘O’Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar 751003, Odisha, India
| | - Sabyasachi Banerjee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Gupta College of Technological Sciences, Asansol 713301, West Bengal, India
| | - Arijit Mondal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, M. R. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Balisha 743234, West Bengal, India
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Xue Q, Xiang Z, Wang S, Cong Z, Gao P, Liu X. Recent advances in nutritional composition, phytochemistry, bioactive, and potential applications of Syzygium aromaticum L. (Myrtaceae). Front Nutr 2022; 9:1002147. [PMID: 36313111 PMCID: PMC9614275 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1002147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Syzygium aromaticum is an aromatic plant native to Indonesia, and introduced to tropical regions worldwide. As an ingredient in perfumes, lotions, and food preservation, it is widely used in the food and cosmetic industries. Also, it is used to treat toothache, ulcers, type 2 diabetes, etc. A variety of nutrients such as amino acids, proteins, fatty acids, and vitamins are found in S. aromaticum. In addition to eugenol, isoeugenol, eugenol acetate, β-caryophyllene and α-humulene are the main chemical constituents. The chemical constituents of S. aromaticum exhibit a wide range of bioactivities, such as antioxidant, antitumor, hypoglycemic, immunomodulatory, analgesic, neuroprotective, anti-obesity, antiulcer, etc. This review aims to comprehend the information on its taxonomy and botany, nutritional composition, chemical composition, bioactivities and their mechanisms, toxicity, and potential applications. This review will be a comprehensive scientific resource for those interested in pursuing further research to explore its value in food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Xue
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zedong Xiang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shengguang Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhufeng Cong
- Shandong Provincial Institute of Cancer Prevention and Treatmen, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Peng Gao
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China,Peng Gao,
| | - Xiaonan Liu
- Chinese Medicine Innovation Research Institute, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China,*Correspondence: Xiaonan Liu,
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Kiziltas H, Goren AC, Alwasel SH, Gulcin İ. Sahlep ( Dactylorhiza osmanica): Phytochemical Analyses by LC-HRMS, Molecular Docking, Antioxidant Activity, and Enzyme Inhibition Profiles. Molecules 2022; 27:6907. [PMID: 36296499 PMCID: PMC9611915 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27206907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have shown an inverse correlation among age-related illnesses like coronary heart disease and cancer and intake of fruit and vegetable. Given the probable health benefits of natural antioxidants from plants, research on them has increased. Dactylorhiza osmanica is consumed as a food and traditional medicine plant in some regions of Turkey, so evaluation of the biological ability of this species is important. In this study, the amount of phenolic content (LC-HRMS), antioxidant activities and enzyme inhibitory properties of an endemic plant, D. osmanica, were investigated. The antioxidant capacities of an ethanol extract of D. osmanica aerial parts (EDOA) and roots (EDOR) were evaluated with various antioxidant methods. Additionally, the enzyme inhibitory effects of EDOA and EDOR were examined against acetylcholinesterase (AChE), α-glycosidase, and α-amylase enzymes, which are associated with common and global Alzheimer's disease and diabetes mellitus. The IC50 values of EDOA against the enzymes were found to be 1.809, 1.098, and 0.726 mg/mL, respectively; and the IC50 values of EDOR against the enzymes were found to be 2.466, 0.442, and 0.415 mg/mL, respectively. Additionally, LC-HRMS analyses revealed p-Coumaric acid as the most plentiful phenolic in both EDOA (541.49 mg/g) and EDOR (559.22 mg/g). Furthermore, the molecular docking interaction of p-coumaric acid, quercitrin, and vanillic acid, which are the most plentiful phenolic compounds in the extracts, with AChE, α-glucosidase, and α-amylase, were evaluated using AutoDock Vina software. The rich phenolic content and the effective antioxidant ability and enzyme inhibition potentials of EDOA and EDOR may support the plant's widespread food and traditional medicinal uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Kiziltas
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Vocational School of Health Services, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van 65080, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Ceyhan Goren
- Department Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Gebze Technical University, Kocaeli 41400, Turkey
| | - Saleh H. Alwasel
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia
| | - İlhami Gulcin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
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Shinu P, Sharma M, Gupta GL, Mujwar S, Kandeel M, Kumar M, Nair AB, Goyal M, Singh P, Attimarad M, Venugopala KN, Nagaraja S, Telsang M, Aldhubiab BE, Morsy MA. Computational Design, Synthesis, and Pharmacological Evaluation of Naproxen-Guaiacol Chimera for Gastro-Sparing Anti-Inflammatory Response by Selective COX2 Inhibition. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27206905. [PMID: 36296501 PMCID: PMC9609004 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27206905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The 4-allyl guaiacol is a natural phenolic molecule that has been widely studied for its antioxidant capacity against reactive-oxygen-species-mediated cellular damage. Therefore, we hypothesized that concomitant use of an antioxidant and NSAID may decrease the risk of gastrointestinal toxicity and make the therapy safer. To address the gastrointestinal toxicity of conventional NSAIDs, a new S-naproxen-4-allyl guaiacol chimera (MAS-1696) was computationally developed, chemically synthesized, and tested for anti-inflammatory effectiveness and gastrointestinal safety. The inhibitory potency of MAS-1696 tested against cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2), 15-lipoxygenase-2 (15-LOX2), and lipoxygenase-5 (5-LOX) in vitro revealed a stronger inhibition of COX2. Furthermore, the MAS-1696 chimera increased the COX selectivity index by 23% as compared to the parent compound naproxen, implying higher efficacy and gastric safety. In vivo data showed that MAS-1696 was less likely to cause gastrointestinal harm than naproxen while also exerting anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects equivalent to or superior to naproxen. In conclusion, MAS-1696 is orally active, bio-labile, and crystalline, making it a medication that may be administered orally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pottathil Shinu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (P.S.); (M.S.); Tel.: +966-551732794 (P.S.)
| | - Manu Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, National Forensic Sciences University Delhi Campus, New Delhi 110085, India
- Correspondence: (P.S.); (M.S.); Tel.: +966-551732794 (P.S.)
| | - Girdhari Lal Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM’s NMIMS University, Shirpur 425405, India
| | - Somdutt Mujwar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, India
| | - Mahmoud Kandeel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manish Kumar
- M.M College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Ambala 133201, India
| | - Anroop B. Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manoj Goyal
- Department of Anesthesia Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences in Jubail, Imam Abdul Rahman Bin Faisal University, Jubail 35816, Saudi Arabia
| | - Purna Singh
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Saint James School of Medicine, The Valley 3872, Anguilla
| | - Mahesh Attimarad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Katharigatta N. Venugopala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Sreeharsha Nagaraja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vidya Siri College of Pharmacy, Off Sarjapura Road, Bangalore 560035, India
| | - Mallikarjun Telsang
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bandar E. Aldhubiab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A. Morsy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
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Seo J, Lee U, Seo S, Wibowo AE, Pongtuluran OB, Lee K, Han SB, Cho S. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of methanol extract of Piper betle Linn. (Piper betle L.) leaves and stems by inhibiting NF-κB/MAPK/Nrf2 signaling pathways in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 155:113734. [PMID: 36152408 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and chronic inflammation are closely linked to various diseases. However, previous studies have demonstrated that plant extracts could prevent and alleviate these adverse outcomes. Piper betle Linn. (Piper betle L.) is a cosmopolitan plant that belongs to the Piperaceae family, whose leaves are edible and possess several health benefits. This study sought to characterize the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of a methanol extract of Piper betle L. leaves and stems (MPBLLS). MPBLLS was found to have a dose-dependent radical scavenging effect, as demonstrated by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay. Additionally, MPBLLS inhibited the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated production of nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2 by reducing the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 in RAW 264.7 macrophages without affecting cell viability. Furthermore, our findings suggested that the inhibitory effects of MPBLLS on pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6 were due to the inhibition of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways in LPS-treated RAW 264.7 macrophages. MPBLLS and hydroxychavicol, a major constituent of MPBLLS, suppressed LPS-induced translocation of NF-κB p65 from cytoplasm to nucleus. Interestingly, MPBLLS increased nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) protein levels and transcription levels of Nrf2 target genes in a dose-dependent manner. Collectively, our findings suggest that MPBLLS could serve as a basis for the development of novel orally-administered therapies due to its inhibitory effects on oxidative and inflammatory stress. DATA AVAILABILITY: The data presented in this study are available on request from the corresponding author.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihye Seo
- Laboratory of Molecular and Pharmacological Cell Biology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea.
| | - Unju Lee
- Laboratory of Molecular and Pharmacological Cell Biology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sumin Seo
- Biomedical Mass Spectrometry Lab, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea.
| | - Agung Eru Wibowo
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredients and Traditional Medicine, Health Research Organization, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, Bogor, Jawa Barat 16911, Indonesia.
| | - Olivia Bunga Pongtuluran
- Research Center for Agroindustry, Food and Agriculture Research Organization, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, Bogor, Jawa Barat 16911, Indonesia.
| | - KyuJong Lee
- International Biological Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang Beom Han
- Biomedical Mass Spectrometry Lab, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sayeon Cho
- Laboratory of Molecular and Pharmacological Cell Biology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea.
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Durmaz L, Kiziltas H, Guven L, Karagecili H, Alwasel S, Gulcin İ. Antioxidant, Antidiabetic, Anticholinergic, and Antiglaucoma Effects of Magnofluorine. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27185902. [PMID: 36144638 PMCID: PMC9502953 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Magnofluorine, a secondary metabolite commonly found in various plants, has pharmacological potential; however, its antioxidant and enzyme inhibition effects have not been investigated. We investigated the antioxidant potential of Magnofluorine using bioanalytical assays with 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS•+), N,N-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride (DMPD•+), and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) scavenging abilities and K3[Fe(CN)6] and Cu2+ reduction abilities. Further, we compared the effects of Magnofluorine and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), α-Tocopherol, and Trolox as positive antioxidant controls. According to the analysis results, Magnofluorine removed 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals with an IC50 value of 10.58 μg/mL. The IC50 values of BHA, BHT, Trolox, and α-Tocopherol were 10.10 μg/mL, 25.95 μg/mL, 7.059 μg/mL, and 11.31 μg/mL, respectively. Our results indicated that the DPPH· scavenging effect of Magnofluorine was similar to that of BHA, close to that of Trolox, and better than that of BHT and α-tocopherol. The inhibition effect of Magnofluorine was examined against enzymes, such as acetylcholinesterase (AChE), α-glycosidase, butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and human carbonic anhydrase II (hCA II), which are linked to global disorders, such as diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and glaucoma. Magnofluorine inhibited these metabolic enzymes with Ki values of 10.251.94, 5.991.79, 25.411.10, and 30.563.36 nM, respectively. Thus, Magnofluorine, which has been proven to be an antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anticholinergic in our study, can treat glaucoma. In addition, molecular docking was performed to understand the interactions between Magnofluorine and target enzymes BChE (D: 6T9P), hCA II (A:3HS4), AChE (B:4EY7), and α-glycosidase (C:5NN8). The results suggest that Magnofluorine may be an important compound in the transition from natural sources to industrial applications, especially new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lokman Durmaz
- Department of Medical Services and Technology, Cayirli Vocational School, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan 24500, Turkey
| | - Hatice Kiziltas
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Vocational School of Health Services, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van 65080, Turkey
| | - Leyla Guven
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
| | - Hasan Karagecili
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Siirt University, Siirt 56100, Turkey
| | - Saleh Alwasel
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia
| | - İlhami Gulcin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +90-44-2231-4375
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Balasubramanian B, Shah T, Allen J, Rankin K, Xue J, Luo Y, Mancini R, Upadhyay A. Eugenol nanoemulsion inactivates Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella Enteritidis, and Escherichia coli O157:H7 on cantaloupes without affecting rind color. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.984391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella Enteritidis, and Escherichia coli O157:H7 are the major foodborne pathogens that have been implicated in outbreaks related to consumption of contaminated cantaloupes. Current chlorine-based decontamination strategies are not completely effective for inactivating the aforementioned pathogens on cantaloupes, especially in the presence of organic matter. This study investigated the efficacy of eugenol nanoemulsion (EGNE) wash treatments in inactivating L. monocytogenes, Salmonella spp., and E. coli O157:H7 on the surface of cantaloupes. In addition, the efficacy of EGNE in inhibiting the growth of the three pathogens on cantaloupes during refrigerated and room temperature storage of 5 days was investigated. Moreover, the effect of EGNE wash treatment on cantaloupe color was assessed using a Miniscan® XE Plus. The EGNE was prepared with either Tween 80 (TW) or a combination of Gum arabic and Lecithin (GA) as emulsifiers. The cantaloupe rind was washed with EGNE (0.3, 0.6, and 1.25%), in presence or absence of 5% organic load, for 1, 5, or 10 min at 25°C. Enumeration of surviving pathogens on cantaloupe was performed by serial dilution and plating on Oxford, XLD or SMA agar followed by incubation at 37°C for 24–48 h. EGNE-GA and EGNE-TW wash significantly reduced all three pathogens by at least 3.5 log CFU/cm2 as early as 5 min after treatment. EGNE-GA at 1.25% inactivated L. monocytogenes, E. coli O157:H7 and S. Enteritidis on cantaloupes to below the detectable limit within 5 and 10 min of treatment, respectively (~4 log CFU/cm2, P < 0.05). EGNE treatments significantly reduced the survival of L. monocytogenes, S. Enteritidis, and E. coli O157:H7 on cantaloupe by at least 6 log CFU/cm2 at day 5 of storage at 25 and 4°C (P < 0.05). Presence of organic matter did not modulate the antimicrobial efficacy of nanoemulsion treatments (P > 0.05). EGNE treatments did not affect the rind color of cantaloupes (P > 0.05). In conclusion, eugenol nanoemulsions could potentially be used as a natural sanitizer to inactivate foodborne pathogens on cantaloupes. Further investigations in an industry setting are warranted.
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Tian Y, Jia X, Wang Q, Lu T, Deng G, Tian M, Zhou Y. Antioxidant, Antibacterial, Enzyme Inhibitory, and Anticancer Activities and Chemical Composition of Alpinia galanga Flower Essential Oil. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15091069. [PMID: 36145290 PMCID: PMC9505801 DOI: 10.3390/ph15091069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alpinia galanga is widely cultivated for its essential oil (EO), which has been used in cosmetics and perfumes. Previous studies of A. galanga focussed mostly on the rhizome but seldom on the flower. Therefore, this study was designed to identify the chemical composition of A. galanga flower EO and firstly estimate its antioxidant, antibacterial, enzyme inhibitory, and anticancer activities. According to the results of the gas chromatography with flame ionization or mass selective detection (GC-FID/MS) analysis, the most abundant component of the EO was farnesene (64.3%), followed by farnesyl acetate (3.6%), aceteugenol (3.2%), eugenol (3.1%), E-nerolidol (2.9%), decyl acetate (2.4%), octyl acetate (2.0%), sesquirosefuran (1.9%), (E)-β-farnesene (1.7%), and germacrene D (1.5%). For the bioactivities, the EO exhibited moderate DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging effects with IC50 values of 138.62 ± 3.07 μg/mL and 40.48 ± 0.49 μg/mL, respectively. Moreover, the EO showed strong-to-moderate antibacterial activities with various diameter of inhibition zone (DIZ) (8.79−14.32 mm), minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) (3.13−6.25 mg/mL), and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) (6.25−12.50 mg/mL) values against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Proteus vulgaris. Interestingly, the EO possessed remarkable α-glucosidase inhibition (IC50 = 0.16 ± 0.03 mg/mL), which was equivalent to that of the positive control acarbose (IC50 = 0.15 ± 0.01 mg/mL) (p > 0.05). It showed moderate tyrosinase inhibition (IC50 = 0.62 ± 0.09 mg/mL) and weak inhibitory activity on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) (IC50 = 2.49 ± 0.24 mg/mL) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) (IC50 = 10.14 ± 0.59 mg/mL). Furthermore, the EO exhibited considerable selective cytotoxicity to K562 cells (IC50 = 41.55 ± 2.28 μg/mL) and lower cytotoxicity to non-cancerous L929 cells (IC50 = 120.54 ± 8.37 μg/mL), and it induced K562 cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Hence, A. galanga flower EO could be regarded as a bioactive natural product with great application potential in the pharmaceutical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Tian
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploitation of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xiaoyan Jia
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploitation of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Qinqin Wang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploitation of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Tingya Lu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploitation of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Guodong Deng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploitation of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Minyi Tian
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploitation of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Correspondence: (M.T.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Ying Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
- Correspondence: (M.T.); (Y.Z.)
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Medlar Jam Production (Mespilus germanica) with the Use of Sous Vide Method. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10081584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of sous vide technology on the chemical properties of fruit jams produced with medlar fruit (Mespilus germanica L.). The fruit jams were produced using sous vide technology at different temperatures: 60 °C, 70 °C, and 80 °C. The fruit jams were also produced at 100 °C using the traditional cooking method. Experimentally produced samples were evaluated by the following methods: total polyphenols content, ferric reducing antioxidant power assay (FRAP), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and organic acid determination. Among sous vide-processed samples, the samples with the highest (p < 0.05) antioxidant activity were processed at 80 °C, containing pectin; the results were the following: phenols content 0.56 ± 0.01 mg gallic acid/kg; FRAP antioxidant activity 0.32 ± 0.01 µmol Trolox/g; DPPH antioxidant activity 21.39 ± 0.33%. The obtained results showed that fruit jam production with the use of sous vide technology can affect antioxidant capacity of this food commodity. The research also provided important information about non-traditional fruit, such as medlar fruit (Mespilus germanica L.), and its processing by sous vide technology. Certainly, more analyses are necessary to give a clearer picture of the changes in medlar fruit during processing at different temperatures, and processing technologies, especially because there are presently no publications about the use of medlar fruit as a raw material in fruit jam preparation.
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Topal M, Gulcin İ. Evaluation of the in vitro antioxidant, antidiabetic and anticholinergic properties of rosmarinic acid from rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.). BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Cichosz S, Masek A, Piotrowska M. Characterization of the UV-aging and antimicrobial resistance of cellulose / ethylene-norbornene composites. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 289:119459. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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El-Far AH, Mohamed HH, Elsabagh DA, Mohamed SA, Noreldin AE, Al Jaouni SK, Alsenosy AA. Eugenol and carvacrol attenuate brain D-galactose-induced aging-related oxidative alterations in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:47436-47447. [PMID: 35182345 PMCID: PMC9232455 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18984-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Aging represents the accumulation of progressive changes in a human being over time and can cover physical, psychological, and social changes. It is an oxidative stress-associated process that progresses with age. The antioxidant activity of either eugenol (EU) or carvacrol (CAR) for aging in rats induced by D-gal for 42 days was investigated in the current study using 10 and 20 mg of EU/kg/day/orally, while CAR was supplemented by 40 and 80 mg /kg/day/orally. Biochemical, mRNA expression, and histopathological assessments of brain samples evaluated the oxidative alterations induced by D-gal and the protective role of EU and CAR. Results showed that D-gal was causing oxidative alternation of the brain that was recognized via upregulation of p53 and p21 mRNA expression levels, as aging markers and Bax mRNA expression level, as an apoptotic marker. Also, the results observed alterations in the levels of biochemical markers as creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and triacylglycerol (TAG), besides, enhancement of brain antioxidant capacity. Finally, these results compared with the groups treated with EU and CAR to observe that the EU and CAR potentially attenuate these aging-related oxidative alterations in a dose-dependent manner. Finally, we can conclude that EU and CAR supplementations are considered promising natural protective compounds that could delay aging and maintain health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali H. El-Far
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511 Egypt
| | - Hadeer H. Mohamed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511 Egypt
| | - Doaa A. Elsabagh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511 Egypt
| | - Shymaa A. Mohamed
- Molecular Biology, Molecular biology unit, Medical Technology Center, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E. Noreldin
- Histology and Cytology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511 Egypt
| | - Soad K. Al Jaouni
- Department of Hematology/Pediatric Oncology, Yousef Abdulatif Jameel Scientific Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589 Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelwahab A. Alsenosy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511 Egypt
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50
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Zayed A, Sobeh M, Farag MA. Dissecting dietary and semisynthetic volatile phenylpropenes: A compile of their distribution, food properties, health effects, metabolism and toxicities. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:11105-11124. [PMID: 35708064 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2087175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Phenylpropenes represent a major subclass of plant volatiles, including eugenol, and (E)-anethole. They contribute to the flavor and aroma of many chief herbs and spices, to exert distinct notes in food, i.e., spicy anise- and clove-like to fruit. Asides from their culinary use, they appear to exert general health effects, whereas some effects are specific, e.g., eugenol being a natural local anesthetic. This review represents the most comprehensive overview of phenylpropenes with respect to their chemical structures, different health effects, and their food applications as flavor and food preservatives. Side effects and toxicities of these compounds represent the second main part of this review, as some were reported for certain metabolites generated inside the body. Several metabolic reactions mediating for phenylpropenes metabolism in rodents via cytochrome P450 (CYP450) and sulfotransferase (SULT) enzymes are presented being involved in their toxicities. Such effects can be lessened by influencing their pharmacokinetics through a matrix-derived combination effect via administration of herbal extracts containing SULT inhibitors, i.e., nevadensin in sweet basil. Moreover, structural modification of phenylpropanes appears to improve their effects and broaden their applications. Hence, such review capitalizing on phenylpropenes can help optimize their applications in nutraceuticals, cosmeceuticals, and food applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Zayed
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, Technical University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Mansour Sobeh
- AgroBioSciences, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben-Guerir, Morocco
| | - Mohamed A Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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