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Sławińska N, Olas B. The current state of knowledge about thermal processing of edible seeds; a special emphasis on their bioactive constituents and antioxidant activity. Food Chem 2024; 458:140526. [PMID: 39053392 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Thermal processing can alter the biological activity of seed phytochemicals in various ways, thus improving shelf life, bioavailability, oxidative stability, and oil yield; it can also decrease the content of antinutritional compounds, reduce cytotoxic activity and increase the total phenolic content of the seeds. However, this treatment can also inactivate beneficial compounds, including phenolics. This review describes the effect of different thermal processing methods on the content, activity, and bioavailability of chemical compounds from different edible seeds. The outcome is dependent on the method, temperature, time of processing, and type of seeds. Although thermal processing has many benefits, its precise effect on different species requires further clarification to determine how it influences their phytochemical content and biological activity, and identify the optimal conditions for processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Sławińska
- University of Lodz, Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Pomorska 141/3, 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Beata Olas
- University of Lodz, Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Pomorska 141/3, 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
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Sławińska N, Żuchowski J, Stochmal A, Olas B. Comparative phytochemical, antioxidant, and hemostatic studies of fractions from raw and roasted sea buckthorn seeds in vitro. Sci Rep 2024; 14:21175. [PMID: 39256523 PMCID: PMC11387660 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-72012-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Various seeds, including sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) seeds, are sources of different bioactive compounds. They can show anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, anti-hyperlipidemic, antibacterial, antioxidant, or other biological properties in in vitro and in vivo models. Our preliminary in vitro results have demonstrated that the extracts from raw (no thermal processing) and roasted (thermally processed) sea buckthorn seeds have antioxidant potential and anticoagulant activity. However, it was unclear which compounds were responsible for these properties. Therefore, in continuation of our previous study, the extracts were fractionated by C18 chromatography. Phytochemical analysis of three fractions (a, b, and c) from raw sea buckthorn seeds and four fractions (d, e, f, and g) from roasted sea buckthorn seeds were performed. Several in vitro assays were also conducted to determine the antioxidant and procoagulant/anticoagulant potential of the fractions and two of their major constituents-isorhamnetin 3-O-β-glucoside7-O-α-rhamnoside and serotonin. LC-MS analyses showed that serotonin is the dominant constituent of fractions c and f, which was tentatively identified on the basis of its HRMS and UV spectra. Moreover, fractions c and f, as well as b and e, contained different B-type proanthocyanidins. Fractions b and e consisted mainly of numerous glycosides of kaempferol, quercetin, and isorhamnetin. The results of oxidative stress assays (measurements of protein carbonylation, lipid peroxidation, and thiol groups oxidation) showed that out of all the tested fractions, fraction g (isolated from roasted seeds and containing mainly dihexoses, and serotonin) demonstrated the strongest antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Sławińska
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236, Lodz, Poland
| | - Jerzy Żuchowski
- Department of Biochemistry and Crop Quality, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation - State Research Institute, Czartoryskich 8, 24-100, Puławy, Poland
| | - Anna Stochmal
- Department of Biochemistry and Crop Quality, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation - State Research Institute, Czartoryskich 8, 24-100, Puławy, Poland
| | - Beata Olas
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236, Lodz, Poland.
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Mohamed AI, Erukainure OL, Salau VF, Islam MS. Impact of coffee and its bioactive compounds on the risks of type 2 diabetes and its complications: A comprehensive review. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2024; 18:103075. [PMID: 39067326 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2024.103075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coffee beans have a long history of use as traditional medicine by various indigenous people. Recent focus has been given to the health benefits of coffee beans and its bioactive compounds. Research on the bioactivities, applications, and effects of processing methods on coffee beans' phytochemical composition and activities has been conducted extensively. The current review attempts to provide an update on the biological effects of coffee on type 2 diabetes (T2D) and its comorbidities. METHODS Comprehensive literature search was carried out on peer-reviewed published data on biological activities of coffee on in vitro, in vivo and epidemiological research results published from January 2015 to December 2022, using online databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar and ScienceDirect for our searches. RESULTS The main findings were: firstly, coffee may contribute to the prevention of oxidative stress and T2D-related illnesses such as cardiovascular disease, retinopathy, obesity, and metabolic syndrome; secondly, consuming up to 400 mg/day (1-4 cups per day) of coffee is associated with lower risks of T2D; thirdly, caffeine consumed between 0.5 and 4 h before a meal may inhibit acute metabolic rate; and finally, both caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee are associated with reducing the risks of T2D. CONCLUSION Available evidence indicates that long-term consumption of coffee is associated with decreased risk of T2D and its complications as well as decreased body weight. This has been attributed to the consumption of coffee with the abundance of bioactive chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Almahi I Mohamed
- Department of Biochemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Ochuko L Erukainure
- Department of Biochemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, 4000, South Africa; Department of Microbiology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Veronica F Salau
- Department of Biochemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, 4000, South Africa; Department of Pharmacology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa
| | - Md Shahidul Islam
- Department of Biochemistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, 4000, South Africa.
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Martins-Gomes C, Nunes FM, Silva AM. Natural Products as Dietary Agents for the Prevention and Mitigation of Oxidative Damage and Inflammation in the Intestinal Barrier. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:65. [PMID: 38247489 PMCID: PMC10812469 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Food intake is a basic need to sustain life, but foodborne pathogens and food-related xenobiotics are also the main health concerns regarding intestinal barrier homeostasis. With a predominant role in the well-being of the entire human body, intestinal barrier homeostasis is strictly regulated by epithelial and immune cells. These cells are also the main intervenients in oxidative stress and inflammation-related diseases in the intestinal tract, triggered, for example, by genetic/epigenetic factors, food additives, pesticides, drugs, pathogens, and their metabolites. Nevertheless, the human diet can also be seen as a solution for the problem, mainly via the inclusion of functional foods or nutraceuticals that may act as antioxidant/anti-inflammatory agents to prevent and mitigate acute and chronic oxidative damage and inflammation. A literature analysis of recent advances in this topic highlights the significant role of Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) and NF-kB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) pathways in these biological processes, with many natural products and phytochemicals targeting endogenous antioxidant systems and cytokine production and balance. In this review, we summarized and discussed studies using in vitro and in vivo models of the intestinal tract used to reproduce oxidative damage and inflammatory events, as well as the role of natural products as modulators of Nrf2 and NK-kB pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Martins-Gomes
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Cell Biology and Biochemistry Laboratory, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Chemistry Research Centre-Vila Real (CQ-VR), Food and Wine Chemistry Laboratory, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
| | - Fernando M. Nunes
- Chemistry Research Centre-Vila Real (CQ-VR), Food and Wine Chemistry Laboratory, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal;
- Department of Chemistry, School of Life Sciences and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Amélia M. Silva
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Cell Biology and Biochemistry Laboratory, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-food Production (Inov4gro), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Biology and Environment, School of Life Sciences and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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Liu Y, Xiao X, Wang Z, Shan X, Liu G, Wei B. Metabolomic analysis of black sesame seeds: Effects of processing and active compounds in antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Food Res Int 2024; 176:113789. [PMID: 38163704 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Black sesame seeds (BSS) have been recognized as a functional food due to their nutritional and therapeutic value for many years. In China, BSS is traditionally processed and consumed through two methods, namely, nine steaming nine sun-drying and stir-frying. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of these processing techniques on the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of BSS. UPLC-QTOF/MS was used for untargeted metabolomics to analyze the composition changes. The results indicated that the different samples had good antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, but thermal treatment reduced their activities. Untargeted metabolomics identified a total of 196 metabolites. Molecular docking studies targeting proteins associated with inflammation (iNOS) demonstrated that compounds acting as inhibitors were significantly reduced under both treatments. These results indicate that both nine steaming nine sun-drying and stir-frying lead to substantial loss of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and bioactive metabolites in BSS, which provides an important reference for its rational utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang 110122, PR China
| | - Xia Xiao
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang 110122, PR China
| | - Ziwei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang 110122, PR China
| | - Xiao Shan
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang 110122, PR China
| | - Guojie Liu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang 110122, PR China.
| | - Binbin Wei
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang 110122, PR China.
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Pokharel S, Pandey GR, Shrestha A, Shrestha R, Tiwari D, Khanal BC, Silwal S. Molecular Identification and Antioxidant Activity Determination among Coffee Varieties Cultivated in Nepal. ScientificWorldJournal 2023; 2023:7744647. [PMID: 37964891 PMCID: PMC10643033 DOI: 10.1155/2023/7744647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Coffee is the most popular beverage containing numerous phytochemical components that have antioxidant activity capable of scavenging free radicals. Antioxidant and phenolic contents have considerable benefits for human health. The aim of this study was the molecular identification of 9 coffee samples from the Nepal Agricultural Research Council, Lalitpur, Nepal, and the determination of the antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of green and roasted coffee beans. Molecular identification was performed using ITS-specific PCR followed by sequencing and phylogenetic tree construction using the maximum parsimony method. The DPPH assay was used to determine the antioxidant activity, and the Folin-Ciocalteu (F-C) assay was used to determine the total phenolic content. All the samples belonged to the taxa Coffea arabica. The antioxidant activity in roasted beans varied from 2.49 to 4.62 AAE mg/g and from 1.4 to 3.9 AAE mg/g in green beans. The total phenolic content varied from 2.58 to 3.38 GAE mg/g and from 4.16 to 5.36 GAE mg/g for the roasted beans and green beans, respectively. The data revealed that the highest antioxidant content (4.62 AAE mg/g) was found in roasted coffee and that the highest phenolic content (5.36 GAE mg/g) was found in green coffee. The study concludes that roasting increases the antioxidant activity but decreases the phenolic content of coffee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreejan Pokharel
- National Biotechnology Research Center, Nepal Agricultural Research Council, Lalitpur 44700, Nepal
| | - Gyanu Raj Pandey
- Shubham Biotech Nepal Pvt. Ltd., Bharatpur-29, Chitwan 44200, Nepal
| | - Asmita Shrestha
- Shubham Biotech Nepal Pvt. Ltd., Bharatpur-29, Chitwan 44200, Nepal
| | | | - Dinesh Tiwari
- Shubham Biotech Nepal Pvt. Ltd., Bharatpur-29, Chitwan 44200, Nepal
| | - Bignya Chandra Khanal
- National Biotechnology Research Center, Nepal Agricultural Research Council, Lalitpur 44700, Nepal
| | - Sudip Silwal
- Shubham Biotech Nepal Pvt. Ltd., Bharatpur-29, Chitwan 44200, Nepal
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Afolabi OB, Olasehinde OR, Olaoye OA, Jaiyesimi KF, Ekakitie IL, Oloyede OI. Nephroprotective Effects of Caffeine, Vanillin, and Their Combination against Experimental AlCl 3-Induced Renal Toxicity in Adult Male Wistar Rats. Biochem Res Int 2023; 2023:6615863. [PMID: 37649570 PMCID: PMC10465259 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6615863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) is known to be a nephrotoxic metal that can cause renal toxicity in both humans and animals. The use of functional foods has been reported to have significance in managing the toxic effects associated with such metals. This study aimed to assess the potential protective effects of caffeine, vanillin, and their combination in mitigating AlCl3-induced renal toxicity in adult male Wistar rats. A total of thirty (30) adult male Wistar rats weighing between 150 and 200 g were randomly divided into five groups, each consisting of six rats (n = 6). Group 1 served as the control, while the remaining treatment groups received a daily oral dose of 100 mg/kg AlCl3 for a duration of 21 days. In addition, groups 3-5 were coadministered 50 mg/kg body weight (bw) of caffeine, vanillin, and a combination (50/50 mg/kg bw) of both substances, respectively. In the results, AlCl3-treated showed a significant (p < 0.05) increase in serum biomarkers such as ALT, ALP, urea, and creatinine, and a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in serum total proteins (TPs). The renal tissue's antioxidant system, including SOD, CAT, GPx, and GSH, exhibited a significant (p < 0.05) reduction, accompanied by an elevated MDA level. However, the administration of caffeine, vanillin, and their combination resulted in a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in serum ALT, ALP, urea, and creatinine, and a significant (p < 0.05) increase in serum TP. Furthermore, following the treatment, there was a significant (p < 0.05) increase in renal SOD, CAT, GPx, and GSH levels, along with a reduction in the MDA level. In addition, the treatment for 21 days caused a significant (p < 0.05) reversal to the altered histomorphological architecture. These findings suggest that caffeine, vanillin, and their combination could potentially be an effective regimen in managing AlCl3-induced renal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olakunle Bamikole Afolabi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Biochemistry Programme, College of Science, Afe Babalola University, P.M.B 5454, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Oluwaseun Ruth Olasehinde
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, P.M.B 5454, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Oyindamola Adeniyi Olaoye
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Biochemistry Programme, College of Science, Afe Babalola University, P.M.B 5454, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Kikelomo Folake Jaiyesimi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Biochemistry Programme, College of Science, Afe Babalola University, P.M.B 5454, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Ilobekemen Lisa Ekakitie
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Biochemistry Programme, College of Science, Afe Babalola University, P.M.B 5454, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Omotade Ibidun Oloyede
- Department of Biochemistry, Ekiti State University, P.M.B 5363, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
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Nerurkar PV, Yokoyama J, Ichimura K, Kutscher S, Wong J, Bittenbender HC, Deng Y. Medium Roasting and Brewing Methods Differentially Modulate Global Metabolites, Lipids, Biogenic Amines, Minerals, and Antioxidant Capacity of Hawai'i-Grown Coffee ( Coffea arabica). Metabolites 2023; 13:412. [PMID: 36984852 PMCID: PMC10051321 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13030412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In the United States, besides the US territory Puerto Rico, Hawai'i is the only state that grows commercial coffee. In Hawai'i, coffee is the second most valuable agricultural commodity. Health benefits associated with moderate coffee consumption, including its antioxidant capacity, have been correlated to its bioactive components. Post-harvest techniques, coffee variety, degree of roasting, and brewing methods significantly impact the metabolites, lipids, minerals, and/or antioxidant capacity of brewed coffees. The goal of our study was to understand the impact of roasting and brewing methods on metabolites, lipids, biogenic amines, minerals, and antioxidant capacity of two Hawai'i-grown coffee (Coffea arabica) varieties, "Kona Typica" and "Yellow Catuai". Our results indicated that both roasting and coffee variety significantly modulated several metabolites, lipids, and biogenic amines of the coffee brews. Furthermore, regardless of coffee variety, the antioxidant capacity of roasted coffee brews was higher in cold brews. Similarly, total minerals were higher in "Kona Typica" cold brews followed by "Yellow Catuai" cold brews. Hawai'i-grown coffees are considered "specialty coffees" since they are grown in unique volcanic soils and tropical microclimates with unique flavors. Our studies indicate that both Hawai'i-grown coffees contain several health-promoting components. However, future studies are warranted to compare Hawai'i-grown coffees with other popular brand coffees and their health benefits in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha V. Nerurkar
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders and Alternative Medicine, Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering (MBBE), College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources (CTAHR), University of Hawai‘i at Manoa (UHM), Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Jennifer Yokoyama
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders and Alternative Medicine, Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering (MBBE), College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources (CTAHR), University of Hawai‘i at Manoa (UHM), Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Kramer Ichimura
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders and Alternative Medicine, Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering (MBBE), College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources (CTAHR), University of Hawai‘i at Manoa (UHM), Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Shannon Kutscher
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders and Alternative Medicine, Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering (MBBE), College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources (CTAHR), University of Hawai‘i at Manoa (UHM), Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Jamie Wong
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders and Alternative Medicine, Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering (MBBE), College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources (CTAHR), University of Hawai‘i at Manoa (UHM), Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Harry C. Bittenbender
- Department of Tropical Plant and Soil Sciences (TPSS), CTAHR, UHM, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Youping Deng
- Bioinformatics Core, Departmentt of Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Hawai‘i Cancer Center (UHCC), John A. Burns School of Medicine (JABSOM), UHM, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
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Anese M, Alongi M, Cervantes-Flores M, Simental-Mendía LE, Martínez-Aguilar G, Valenzuela-Ramírez AA, Rojas-Contreras JA, Guerrero-Romero F, Gamboa-Gómez CI. Influence of coffee roasting degree on inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in high-fructose and saturated fat-fed rats. Food Res Int 2023; 165:112530. [PMID: 36869534 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of roasting coffee degree on inflammatory (NF-kβ F-6 and TNF-α) and stress oxidative markers (malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) end product concentrations, catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in high-fructose and saturated fat (HFSFD)-fed rats. Roasting was performed using hot air circulation (200 °C) for 45 and 60 min, obtaining dark and very dark coffee, respectively. Male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to receive a) unroasted coffee, b) dark coffee, c) very dark coffee, or distilled water for the control group (n = 8). Coffee brews (7.4 mL/per day equivalent to 75 mL/day in humans) were given by gavage for sixteen weeks. All treated groups significantly decreased NF-kβ F-6 (∼30 % for unroasted, ∼50 % for dark, and ∼ 75 % for very dark group) and TNF-α in the liver compared with the control group. Additionally, TNF-α showed a significant reduction in all treatment groups (∼26 % for unroasted and dark groups, and ∼ 39 % for very dark group) in adipose tissue (AT) compared with the negative control. Regarding oxidative stress makers, all coffee brews exerted antioxidant effects in serum, AT, liver, kidney, and heart. Our results revealed that the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of coffee vary according to the roasting degree in HFSFD-fed rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Anese
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via Sondrio 2/A, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Marilisa Alongi
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Via Sondrio 2/A, 33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Maribel Cervantes-Flores
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Avenida Veterinaria S/N. Col. Valle del Sur. C.P. 34120, Durango, Mexico
| | - Luis E Simental-Mendía
- Biomedical Research Unit, Mexican Social Security Institute at Durango, Canoas 100. Col. Los Ángeles CP 34067, Durango, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Martínez-Aguilar
- Biomedical Research Unit, Mexican Social Security Institute at Durango, Canoas 100. Col. Los Ángeles CP 34067, Durango, Mexico
| | | | - Juan A Rojas-Contreras
- TecNM/Instituto Tecnológico de Durango, Felipe Pescador 1830 Ote., 34080 Durango, Dgo., Mexico
| | - Fernando Guerrero-Romero
- Biomedical Research Unit, Mexican Social Security Institute at Durango, Canoas 100. Col. Los Ángeles CP 34067, Durango, Mexico.
| | - Claudia I Gamboa-Gómez
- Biomedical Research Unit, Mexican Social Security Institute at Durango, Canoas 100. Col. Los Ángeles CP 34067, Durango, Mexico.
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Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants-A Critical Review on In Vitro Antioxidant Assays. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122388. [PMID: 36552596 PMCID: PMC9774584 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Antioxidants have been widely studied in the fields of biology, medicine, food, and nutrition sciences. There has been extensive work on developing assays for foods and biological systems. The scientific communities have well-accepted the effectiveness of endogenous antioxidants generated in the body. However, the health efficacy and the possible action of exogenous dietary antioxidants are still questionable. This may be attributed to several factors, including a lack of basic understanding of the interaction of exogenous antioxidants in the body, the lack of agreement of the different antioxidant assays, and the lack of specificity of the assays, which leads to an inability to relate specific dietary antioxidants to health outcomes. Hence, there is significant doubt regarding the relationship between dietary antioxidants to human health. In this review, we documented the variations in the current methodologies, their mechanisms, and the highly varying values for six common food substrates (fruits, vegetables, processed foods, grains, legumes, milk, and dairy-related products). Finally, we discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the antioxidant assays and examine the challenges in correlating the antioxidant activity of foods to human health.
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Artusa V, Ciaramelli C, D’Aloia A, Facchini FA, Gotri N, Bruno A, Costa B, Palmioli A, Airoldi C, Peri F. Green and Roasted Coffee Extracts Inhibit Interferon-β Release in LPS-Stimulated Human Macrophages. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:806010. [PMID: 35600887 PMCID: PMC9117639 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.806010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-inflammatory activity of coffee extracts is widely recognized and supported by experimental evidence, in both in vitro and in vivo settings, mainly murine models. Here, we investigated the immunomodulatory properties of coffee extracts from green (GCE) and medium-roasted (RCE) Coffea canephora beans in human macrophages. The biological effect of GCE and RCE was characterized in LPS-stimulated THP-1-derived human macrophages (TDM) as a model of inflammation. Results showed decreased amounts of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β and a strong dose-dependent inhibition of interferon-β (IFN-β) release. Molecular mechanism of IFN-β inhibition was further investigated by immunofluorescence confocal microscopy analysis that showed a diminished nuclear translocation of p-IRF-3, the main transcription factor responsible for IFN-β synthesis. The inhibition of IFN-β release by RCE and GCE was also confirmed in human primary CD14+ monocytes-derived macrophages (MDM). The main component of coffee extracts, 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (5-CQA) also inhibited IFN-β production, through a mechanism occurring downstream to TLR4. Inhibition of IFN-β release by coffee extracts parallels with the activity of their main phytochemical component, 5-CQA, thus suggesting that this compound is the main responsible for the immunomodulatory effect observed. The application of 5-CQA and coffee derived-phytoextracts to target interferonopathies and inflammation-related diseases could open new pharmacological and nutritional perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Artusa
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università Degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Carlotta Ciaramelli
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università Degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
- Milan Center for Neurosciences, Università Degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Alessia D’Aloia
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università Degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Nicole Gotri
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università Degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Antonino Bruno
- Laboratory of Immunology and General Pathology, Department of Biotechnologies and Life Science, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, IRCCS MultiMedica, Polo Scientifico e Tecnologico, Milano, Italy
| | - Barbara Costa
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università Degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandro Palmioli
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università Degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
- Milan Center for Neurosciences, Università Degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Cristina Airoldi
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università Degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
- Milan Center for Neurosciences, Università Degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesco Peri
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università Degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
- *Correspondence: Francesco Peri,
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12
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Molecular Mechanisms of Coffee on Prostate Cancer Prevention. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:3254420. [PMID: 35496060 PMCID: PMC9054433 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3254420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common types of cancer among men, and coffee is associated with a reduced risk of developing PCa. Therefore, we aim to review possible coffee molecular mechanisms that contribute to PCa prevention. Coffee has an important antioxidant capacity that reduces oxidative stress, leading to a reduced mutation in cells. Beyond direct antioxidant activity, coffee stimulates phase II enzymatic activity, which is related to the detoxification of reactive metabolites. The anti-inflammatory effects of coffee reduce tissue damage related to PCa development. Coffee induces autophagy, regulates the NF-κB pathway, and reduces the expression of iNOS and inflammatory mediators, such as TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, and CRP. Also, coffee modulates transcriptional factors and pathways. It has been shown that coffee increases testosterone and reduces sex hormone-binding globulin, estrogen, and prostate-specific antigen. Coffee also enhances insulin resistance and glucose metabolism. All these effects may contribute to protection against PCa development.
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13
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Gu X, Zhang S, Ma W, Wang Q, Li Y, Xia C, Xu Y, Zhang T, Yang L, Zhou M. The Impact of Instant Coffee and Decaffeinated Coffee on the Gut Microbiota and Depression-Like Behaviors of Sleep-Deprived Rats. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:778512. [PMID: 35283829 PMCID: PMC8914519 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.778512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Based on our previous research, chronic paradoxical sleep deprivation (PSD) can cause depression-like behaviors and microbial changes in gut microbiota. Coffee, as the world’s most popular drink for the lack of sleep, is beneficial to health and attention and can eliminate the cognitive sequelae caused by poor sleep. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of coffee and decaffeinated coffee on PSD rats. Research Design and Methods A total of 32 rats were divided into four groups: control group, PSD model group, conventional coffee group, and decaffeinated coffee group. Behavioral tests, including sucrose preference test, open field test, forced swimming test, and tail suspension test, as well as biochemical detection for inflammatory and antioxidant indexes were performed. The effects of coffee and decaffeinated coffee on the gut microbiota of PSD rats were investigated by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Results Coffee and decaffeinated coffee significantly improved the depression-like behaviors. Moreover, the serum levels of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha were decreased in both coffee and decaffeinated coffee groups, as well as the levels of superoxide dismutase and GSH-Px were increased. Gut microbiota analysis revealed that the abundance of S24-7, Lachnospiraceae, Oscillospira, and Parabacteroides were significantly increased in PSD rats, while the abundance of Akkermansia and Klebsiella were significantly decreased. After the treatment of coffee and decaffeinated coffee, the abundance of the above gut microbiota was all restored in different degrees. Coffee had relatively more significant effects on PSD-induced depressive-like behaviors, while the difference between coffee and decaffeinated coffee was not obvious in correcting the disorder of gut microbiota. Conclusions These findings have shown that both coffee and decaffeinated coffee are effective for sleep deprivation-induced depression-like behaviors and the dysbiosis of gut microbiota and indicated that caffeine may be not the only key substance of coffee for regulating gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Gu
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuyi Zhang
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weini Ma
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qixue Wang
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Li
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenyi Xia
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Yang
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingmei Zhou
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Medicine Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Mingmei Zhou,
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14
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Antibacterial, Antiradical and Antiproliferative Potential of Green, Roasted, and Spent Coffee Extracts. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12041938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The phytochemical compositions of green coffee beans (GB), roasted coffee (RC), and the solid residue known as spent coffee grounds (SCG) have been associated with beneficial physiological effects. The objective of this study was to analyze the total phenolic compounds, antiradical scavenging ability, antibacterial activity, and antiproliferative activity on cancer cells of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of GB, RC, and SCG samples. The total phenolic content was quantified by Folin–Ciocalteu assay, while the antiradical activity was evaluated by ABTS●+ and DPPH radical assays, antibacterial activity was determined using the microtiter broth dilution method, and antiproliferative activity was evaluated by MTT assay in lung carcinoma cells (A549) and cervical cancer cells (C33A); furthermore, apoptosis and cell cycle arrest were evaluated by flow cytometry. Ethanolic extracts of RC and SCG showed the highest content of total phenols. The SCG ethanolic extract exhibited the lowest inhibitory capacity 50 (IC50) values for free radicals. The SCG extracts also had the lowest MIC values in bacteria. In antiproliferative assays, SCG extracts exhibited a significant decrease in viability in both cell lines, as well as increased apoptotic cells and promoted cell cycle arrest. The higher content of total phenols and antiradical activity of SCG ethanolic extracts was related to their antiproliferative activity in cancer cells, as well as their antibacterial activity against clinical isolates; therefore, the utilization of SCG adds value to an abundant and inexpensive residue.
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15
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Antonietti S, Silva AM, Simões C, Almeida D, Félix LM, Papetti A, Nunes FM. Chemical Composition and Potential Biological Activity of Melanoidins From Instant Soluble Coffee and Instant Soluble Barley: A Comparative Study. Front Nutr 2022; 9:825584. [PMID: 35223955 PMCID: PMC8870621 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.825584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work a comparative study of the chemical composition and potential biological activity of high molecular weight (HMW) melanoidins isolated from instant soluble coffee (ISC) and instant soluble barley (ISB) was performed. ISB HMW melanoidins were almost exclusively composed by an ethanol soluble (EtSn) melanoidin fraction composed by glucose (76% w/w) partially susceptible to in vitro digestion, whereas ISC was composed mainly by arabinogalactans (~41% w/w) and lower amounts of galactomannans (~14% w/w) presenting a range of ethanol solubilities and resistant to in vitro digestion. Melanoidins from ISC presented a significantly higher content of condensed phenolic compounds (17/100 g) when compared to ISB (8/100 g) showing also a higher in vitro scavenging of ABTS•+ (329 mmol Trolox/100 g vs. 124 mmol Trolox/100 g) and NO radicals (inhibition percentage of 57 and 26%, respectively). Nevertheless, ISB EtSn melanoidins presented, on average a higher inhibitory effect on NO production from LPS-stimulated macrophages. ISB melanoidins, up to 1 mg/mL, did not induce toxicity in Caco-2, HepG2 and RAW 264.7 cell lines while at the highest concentration ISC slightly reduced cell viability. Thus, consumption of a diet rich in ISC and ISB melanoidins may reduce the oxidative stress, the inflammatory levels and increase the protective effects against chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Antonietti
- Food and Wine Chemistry Lab, Chemistry Department, CQ-VR, Chemistry Research Centre – Vila Real, School of Life Sciences and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Amélia M. Silva
- Department of Biology and Environment (DeBA-ECVA), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, School of Life Sciences and Environment (UTAD-ECVA), Vila Real, Portugal
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB-UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Cristiana Simões
- Food and Wine Chemistry Lab, Chemistry Department, CQ-VR, Chemistry Research Centre – Vila Real, School of Life Sciences and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Diana Almeida
- Department of Biology and Environment (DeBA-ECVA), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, School of Life Sciences and Environment (UTAD-ECVA), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Luis M. Félix
- Department of Biology and Environment (DeBA-ECVA), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, School of Life Sciences and Environment (UTAD-ECVA), Vila Real, Portugal
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB-UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Adele Papetti
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Fernando M. Nunes
- Food and Wine Chemistry Lab, Chemistry Department, CQ-VR, Chemistry Research Centre – Vila Real, School of Life Sciences and Environment, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
- *Correspondence: Fernando M. Nunes
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16
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Conti F, Lazzara F, Romano GL, Platania CBM, Drago F, Bucolo C. Caffeine Protects Against Retinal Inflammation. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:824885. [PMID: 35069225 PMCID: PMC8773454 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.824885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Caffeine, one of the most consumed central nervous system (CNS) stimulants, is an antagonist of A1 and A2A adenosine receptors. In this study, we investigated the potential protective effects of this methylxanthine in the retinal tissue. We tested caffeine by using in vitro and in vivo paradigms of retinal inflammation. Human retinal pigment epithelial cells (ARPE-19) were exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) with or without caffeine. This latter was able to reduce the inflammatory response in ARPE-19 cells exposed to LPS, attenuating the release of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α and the nuclear translocation of p-NFκB. Additionally, caffeine treatment restored the integrity of the ARPE-19 monolayer assessed by transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and the sodium fluorescein permeability test. Finally, the ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury model was used in C57BL/6J mice to induce retinal inflammation and investigate the effects of caffeine treatment. Mouse eyes were treated topically with caffeine, and a pattern electroretinogram (PERG) was used to assess the retinal ganglion cell (RGC) function; furthermore, we evaluated the levels of IL-6 and BDNF in the retina. Retinal BDNF dropped significantly (p < 0.05) in the I/R group compared to the control group (normal mice); on the contrary, caffeine treatment maintained physiological levels of BDNF in the retina of I/R eyes. Caffeine was also able to reduce IL-6 mRNA levels in the retina of I/R eyes. In conclusion, these findings suggest that caffeine is a good candidate to counteract inflammation in retinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Conti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Francesca Lazzara
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giovanni Luca Romano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.,Center for Research in Ocular Pharmacology-CERFO, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Chiara Bianca Maria Platania
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Filippo Drago
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.,Center for Research in Ocular Pharmacology-CERFO, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Claudio Bucolo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.,Center for Research in Ocular Pharmacology-CERFO, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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17
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A Decade of Research on Coffee as an Anticarcinogenic Beverage. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:4420479. [PMID: 34567408 PMCID: PMC8460369 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4420479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Coffee consumption has been investigated as a protective factor against cancer. Coffee is a complex beverage that contains more than 1000 described phytochemicals, which are responsible for its pleasant taste, aroma, and health-promoting properties. Many of these compounds have a potential therapeutic effect due to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, and anticancer properties. The roasting process affects the phytochemical content, and undesirable compounds may be formed. In recent years, there have been contradictory publications regarding the effect of coffee drinking and cancer. Therefore, this study is aimed at evaluating the association of coffee consumption with the development of cancer. In PubMed, until July 2021, the terms “Coffee and cancer” resulted in about 2150 publications, and almost 50% of them have been published in the last 10 years. In general, studies published in recent years have shown negative associations between coffee consumption and the risk or development of different types of cancer, including breast, prostate, oral, oral and pharyngeal, melanoma, skin and skin nonmelanoma, kidney, gastric, colorectal, endometrial, liver, leukemic and hepatocellular carcinoma, brain, and thyroid cancer, among others. In contrast, only a few publications demonstrated a double association between coffee consumption and bladder, pancreatic, and lung cancer. In this review, we summarize the in vitro and in vivo studies that accumulate epidemiological evidence showing a consistent inverse association between coffee consumption and cancer.
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18
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Duangjai A, Saokaew S, Goh BH, Phisalprapa P. Shifting of Physicochemical and Biological Characteristics of Coffee Roasting Under Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction. Front Nutr 2021; 8:724591. [PMID: 34490333 PMCID: PMC8417692 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.724591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) is an effective tool for the extraction of natural antioxidants. Thus, differentially roasted Arabica-coffee beans known as light (LC), medium (MC), and dark coffee (DC) were prepared and extracted under the influence of UAE. Following that, they were examined specifically on theirs physicochemical and biological characteristics: nutritional values, pH, °Brix, antioxidant activities, polyphenol content, caffeine, and chlorogenic-acid levels. Various parameters, such as extraction temperatures (20, 40, and 80°C) and extraction time periods (5, 10, and 20 min), were examined. DC extract was less acidic than those on MC and LC extracts. LC showed higher moisture content than the MC and DC (1.56, 1.3, and 0.92%, respectively). MC displayed the highest polyphenol content and potent antioxidant activity. Caffeine and chlorogenic acid contents trend to decrease during roasting. The maximum caffeine level was found in MC at 80°C for 5 min (27.65 mg/g extract). The highest chlorogenic acid content was in LC at 80°C for 10 min (16.67 mg/g extract). The caffeine and chlorogenic acid contents were related to the polyphenol content and depended on the roasting and extraction conditions. These results suggest that the UAE at various temperature and extraction time period may alter the physicochemical and biological characteristics of different coffee roasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Acharaporn Duangjai
- Unit of Excellence in Research and Product Development of Coffee, Division of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand
| | - Surasak Saokaew
- Unit of Excellence in Research and Product Development of Coffee, Division of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center of Health Outcomes Research and Therapeutic Safety (Cohorts), University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand.,Unit of Excellence on Clinical Outcomes Research and IntegratioN (UNICORN), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand.,Unit of Excellence on Herbal Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand.,Division of Pharmacy Practice, Department of Pharmaceutical Care, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao, Thailand
| | - Bey-Hing Goh
- Biofunctional Molecule Exploratory Research Group (BMEX), School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Malaysia.,College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pochamana Phisalprapa
- Division of Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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19
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Macit M, Eyupoglu OE, Macit C, Duman G. Formulation development of liposomal coffee extracts and investigation of their antioxidant capacities. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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20
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21
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Effect of Roasting Degree on the Antioxidant Properties of Espresso and Drip Coffee Extracted from Coffea arabica cv. Java. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11157025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Coffee roasting is the process of applying heat to green coffee beans to bring out flavors through chemical changes. This study aimed to investigate the effect of roasting degree on the antioxidant capacities of espresso and drip coffee extracted from Coffea arabica cv. Java in Laos. Green coffee beans were roasted under four conditions (Light-medium, Medium, Moderately dark, and Very dark), and espresso and drip coffee were extracted. The contents of total phenolics (TP), total flavonoids (TF), and chlorogenic acids (CGA) decreased as the roasting degree increased, whereas the caffeine content increased. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity was lower in the Medium, Moderately dark, and Very dark compared to the Light-medium. The ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) was lower in the Very dark than the Light-medium, Medium, and Moderately dark. Principal component analysis showed that TP, TF, CGA, caffeine, DPPH radical scavenging activity, and FRAP distinguish coffee extracts with various roasting degrees. Therefore, it is concluded that roasting degree is a modifiable factor for the use of coffee as an antioxidant material in the food industry, and TF, TP, CGA, and caffeine contents, DPPH radical scavenging activity and FRAP are good indicators for determining the antioxidant capacity of coffee.
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22
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Kovács EG, Alatshan A, Budai MM, Czimmerer Z, Bíró E, Benkő S. Caffeine Has Different Immunomodulatory Effect on the Cytokine Expression and NLRP3 Inflammasome Function in Various Human Macrophage Subpopulations. Nutrients 2021; 13:2409. [PMID: 34371919 PMCID: PMC8308523 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Besides its well-known psychoactive effects, caffeine has a broad range of actions. It regulates several physiological mechanisms as well as modulates both native and adaptive immune responses by various ways. Although caffeine is assumed to be a negative regulator of inflammation, the effect on the secretion of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines is highly controversial. Macrophages are major mediators of inflammatory responses; however, the various subpopulations develop different effects ranging from the initiation to the resolution of inflammation. Here we report a comparative analysis of the effect of caffeine on two subpopulations of human monocyte-derived macrophages differentiated in the presence of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) or granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), resulting in M-MΦs and GM-MΦs, respectively. We showed that although TNF-α secretion was downregulated in both LPS-activated MΦ subtypes by caffeine, the secretion of IL-8, IL-6, and IL-1β as well as the expression of Nod-like receptors was enhanced in M-MΦs, while it did not change in GM-MΦs. We showed that caffeine (1) altered adenosine receptor expression, (2) changed Akt/AMPK/mTOR signaling pathways, and (3) inhibited STAT1/IL-10 signaling axis in M-MΦs. We hypothesized that these alterations play an important modulatory role in the upregulation of NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated IL-1β secretion in LPS-activated M-MΦs following caffeine treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elek Gergő Kovács
- Departments of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4012 Debrecen, Hungary; (E.G.K.); (A.A.); (M.M.B.); (E.B.)
- Doctoral School of Molecular Cellular and Immune Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4012 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ahmad Alatshan
- Departments of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4012 Debrecen, Hungary; (E.G.K.); (A.A.); (M.M.B.); (E.B.)
- Doctoral School of Molecular Cellular and Immune Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4012 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Marietta Margit Budai
- Departments of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4012 Debrecen, Hungary; (E.G.K.); (A.A.); (M.M.B.); (E.B.)
- Departments of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4012 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Czimmerer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
| | - Eduárd Bíró
- Departments of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4012 Debrecen, Hungary; (E.G.K.); (A.A.); (M.M.B.); (E.B.)
- Doctoral School of Molecular Cellular and Immune Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4012 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Szilvia Benkő
- Departments of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4012 Debrecen, Hungary; (E.G.K.); (A.A.); (M.M.B.); (E.B.)
- Doctoral School of Molecular Cellular and Immune Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4012 Debrecen, Hungary
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Manolis AA, Manolis TA, Apostolopoulos EJ, Melita H, Manolis AS. The Cardiovascular Benefits of Caffeinated Beverages: Real or Surreal? /"Metron Ariston - All in Moderation". Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:2235-2260. [PMID: 34238147 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210708091709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Caffeinated beverages are the most widely consumed beverages globally with coffee and tea as the two most prominent sources of caffeine. Caffeine content varies across different types of beverages. In addition to caffeine, coffee and tea have other biologically active compounds, and all may affect general and cardiovascular (CV) health. Moderate caffeine consumption (<300-400 mg/day), regardless of the source, is considered safe by both European and US Health Authorities, as it is not associated with adverse health and CV effects, while it may confer certain health benefits. There is a nonlinear association between coffee ingestion and CV risk; moderate coffee drinking is inversely significantly associated with CV risk, with the highest benefit at 2-4 cups per day, while heavy coffee drinking might confer increased risk. With regards to tea, due to a lower caffeine content per serving, its consumption is only limited by the total caffeine daily intake. Both these caffeinated beverages, coffee and tea, have additional phenolic compounds, with anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, which confer cardioprotective benefits. Of the several coffee compounds, chloroacetic acids and melanoidins offer such beneficial effects, while diterpenes may have unfavorable effects on lipids. Most of the tea ingredients (polyphenols) are cardioprotective. A major concern relates to energy drinks with their much higher caffeine content which puts individuals, especially adolescents and young adults, at high health and CV risk. All these issues are herein discussed, including pertinent studies and meta-analyses, pathogenetic mechanisms involved and relevant recommendations from health authorities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Antonis S Manolis
- First Department of Cardiology, Athens University School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
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Odabas T, Hajiyev R, Gultekin A, Atakoglu OO, Harorli OT. Can We Prevent Coffee Stains on Teeth? J Med Food 2021; 24:1331-1339. [PMID: 34160286 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2020.0205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluates whether some common beverages treated before coffee could protect or increase tooth staining caused by coffee. Initial color of 50 incisor teeth were measured with a spectrophotometer and recorded according to CIELAB color system. Teeth were randomly divided into five groups, water (control), milk, green tea, orange juice, and cola (n = 10) and were kept in selected beverage for 10 min. Immediately afterward, they were immersed in coffee and allowed to stand for 24 h. The treatment was repeated for 5 days. At the end of the fifth day, L*a*b* color measurements of the teeth were repeated. Calcium, phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium changes on representative teeth surfaces were also investigated with X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. Color differences were calculated with both CIEab and CIE00 formulas. Groups were compared with Kruskal-Wallis test complemented by the Bonferroni correction and Mann-Whitney U test for pairwise comparisons (P = .05). The teeth submitted to coffee challenges after distillated water or beverages showed a perceptible color change. Soaking in cola or orange juice before coffee immersion caused severe tooth discoloration. All the beverages tested here were not able to protect the tooth from coffee staining. People should be informed that some acidic beverages consumed before a coffee can worsen the coffee-based tooth discolorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tugce Odabas
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Rufat Hajiyev
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Gultekin
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Ozge Ozer Atakoglu
- Department of Geology, Engineering Faculty, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Osman Tolga Harorli
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
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The dataset for the assessment of the inflammatory potential of the overall diet consumed by women of childbearing age. Data Brief 2021; 37:107238. [PMID: 34195311 PMCID: PMC8237523 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2021.107238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The data presented in this article is related to the research article titled “Racial differences in dietary choices and their relationship to inflammatory potential in childbearing age women at risk for exposure to COVID-19”. This data article provides details of dietary intake data from 509 women (African American, n = 327 and Caucasian American, n = 182) who are residents of Birmingham, AL. All women were characterized for demographic and lifestyle factors and indicators of excess body weight (EBW) that are likely to influence overall dietary habits. Dietary intake data was collected by administering the modified version of the NCI validated Block food frequency questionnaire (98.2-isoflav version) that includes 110 food items of the original version (98.2 version) and an additional 24 phytochemical rich food items. The data article describes our approach to derive the dietary inflammatory score using a validated empirical dietary inflammatory index based on the frequency and the amount of consumption of each food item with minor modifications. This data will allow researchers to understand the composition of a Southern-style diet consumed by women of childbearing age and its relationship to inflammatory potential, EBW, dietary guidelines, dietary reference intakes or diet quality indices.
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Mohamed HE, Asker ME, Shaheen MA, Eissa RG, Younis NN. Alleviation of fructose-induced Alzheimer's disease in rats by pioglitazone and decaffeinated green coffee bean extract. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13715. [PMID: 33782984 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Increased fructose consumption is among bad nutritional habits that contribute to increased incidence of neurodegenerative diseases. We proposed that coffee, the most popular beverage worldwide, may protect against the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We investigated the protective potential of decaffeinated green coffee bean extract (GCBE) and the possible potentiation of pioglitazone (PIO) effects by decaffeinated GCBE in fructose-induced AD in rats. Twenty-four rats [12-untreated and 12-pre-treated (for 4 weeks) with GCBE] consumed drinking water supplemented with 10% fructose for 18 weeks. Twelve of these rats (6-GCBE-untreated and 6-GCBE-pre-treated) were treated orally with PIO starting on the 13th week for 6 weeks. Prophylactic administration of GCBE attenuated oxidative damage (increased cortical reduced glutathione and superoxide dismutase activity), while decreased malondialdehyde. It retarded the activation of acetylcholine esterase, increased acetylcholine level in the cortex of fructose-induced AD. It also impeded the upregulation of beta-secretase-1and the accumulation of Aβ plaques that were induced by fructose drinking. With PIO therapy, GCBE showed better effects alleviating oxidative stress and Aβ extracellular plaques formation, while improving cholinergic activity, learning, and memory ability. In conclusions, the consumption of GCBE may protect against the development of AD and delay the progression of AD when given with PIO. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Decaffeinated dietary supplement of green coffee bean extract attenuated the deleterious consequences of fructose-induced Alzheimer's disease in rats. It improved the antioxidant status and cortical cholinergic activity, while hindered the changes responsible for amyloid plaque formation. It also improved the impaired learning and memory. These results, if confirmed by clinical studies, may recommend the consumption of decaffeinated green coffee beans extract as dietary supplement or as a regular beverage to protect against AD in individuals with family history or early signs of AD. With pioglitazone, such dietary supplement improved pioglitazone efficacy and delayed the progression of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda E Mohamed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mervat E Asker
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Shaheen
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Human Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Rana G Eissa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Nahla N Younis
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Kim I, Jung S, Kim E, Lee JW, Kim CY, Ha JH, Jeong Y. Physicochemical characteristics of Ethiopian Coffea arabica cv. Heirloom coffee extracts with various roasting conditions. Food Sci Biotechnol 2021; 30:235-244. [PMID: 33732514 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-020-00865-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the physicochemical characteristics of Ethiopian Coffea arabica cv. Heirloom coffee extracts with various roasting conditions. Green coffee beans were roasted at four different conditions (Light-medium, Medium, Moderately dark, and Very dark) and used to extract espresso and drip coffee. Moisture content in coffee beans was decreased as the roasting degree increased. The contents of crude fat and ash were lower in the Light-medium roasted coffee beans than in green coffee beans but increased as the roasting degree increased. The values of lightness (L*), redness (a*), yellowness (b*), and browning index of coffee extracts were decreased as the roasting degree increased. Total dissolved solids in espresso coffee were increased with increasing roasting degree but decreased in drip coffee. In both the extracts, the contents of reducing sugar, titratable acidity, organic acids, and chlorogenic acid were decreased, but that of caffeine was increased with the roasting degree increased. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10068-020-00865-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inyong Kim
- Research Center for Industrialization of Natural Nutraceuticals, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam 31116 Republic of Korea
| | - Sunyoon Jung
- Research Center for Industrialization of Natural Nutraceuticals, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam 31116 Republic of Korea.,Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam 31116 Republic of Korea
| | - Eunkyung Kim
- Fine Korea Co., Ltd, Seoul, 07294 Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Wook Lee
- Department of Exercise Prescription and Rehabilitation, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam 04781 Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Yang Kim
- Department of Kinesiologic Medical Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam 04781 Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Heun Ha
- Research Center for Industrialization of Natural Nutraceuticals, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam 31116 Republic of Korea.,Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam 31116 Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonhwa Jeong
- Research Center for Industrialization of Natural Nutraceuticals, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam 31116 Republic of Korea.,Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam 31116 Republic of Korea
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Asbaghi O, Kashkooli S, Mardani M, Rezaei Kelishadi M, Fry H, Kazemi M, Kaviani M. Effect of green coffee bean extract supplementation on liver function and inflammatory biomarkers: A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2021; 43:101349. [PMID: 33714861 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2021.101349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is considered a major contributor to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and several chronic diseases such as, cardiovascular disease and type two diabetes. Green coffee bean extract (GCBE) supplementation has been suggested to enhancing antioxidant capacity in people with obesity but results across studies are mixed. We conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of GCBE supplementation in overweight/obese with normal liver function and NAFLD adults with ALT, AST, γ-GTP, ALP, LDH, CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α as outcomes by searching PubMed and other databases. Eight studies were included, totaling 330 participants randomized to GCBE supplementation or placebo ranging from 50 mg/day to 1200 mg/day for 8-12 weeks. GCBE supplementation resulted in lower levels of TNF-α (mean difference = 1.37 pg/mL [95% CI = 0.97-1.76]; p < 0.00001). No significant difference was found in the remaining markers. In conclusion, GCBE supplementation attenuated TNF-α, a circulating inflammatory marker mediator which may be linked with lower systemic inflammation. However, potential cellular and molecular mechanisms by which GCBE exerts this positive effect warrants further investigations in human model studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Asbaghi
- Student Research Committee, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
| | - Sara Kashkooli
- Student Research Committee, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
| | - Mahnaz Mardani
- Nutritional Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
| | - Mahnaz Rezaei Kelishadi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Hillary Fry
- School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pure & Applied Science, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada.
| | - Maryam Kazemi
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Human Metabolic Research Unit, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
| | - Mojtaba Kaviani
- School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pure & Applied Science, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada.
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Rochín-Medina JJ, López-Moreno HS, Ramirez K. Effect of Bacillus clausii-fermented spent coffee ground extract on Salmonella-infected macrophages. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.110429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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30
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Montenegro J, Dos Santos LS, de Souza RGG, Lima LGB, Mattos DS, Viana BPPB, da Fonseca Bastos ACS, Muzzi L, Conte-Júnior CA, Gimba ERP, Freitas-Silva O, Teodoro AJ. Bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity and antiproliferative effects in prostate cancer cells of green and roasted coffee extracts obtained by microwave-assisted extraction (MAE). Food Res Int 2020; 140:110014. [PMID: 33648246 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.110014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Coffee consumption has been investigated as a protective factor against prostate cancer. Coffee may be related to prostate cancer risk reduction due to its phytochemical compounds, such as caffeine, chlorogenic acids, and trigonelline. The roasting process affects the content of the phytochemicals and undesired compounds can be formed. Microwave-assisted extraction is an alternative to conventional extraction techniques since it preserves more bioactive compounds. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the phytochemical composition and the putative preventive effects in prostate cancer development of coffee beans submitted to four different coffee-roasting degrees extracted using microwave-assisted extraction. Coffea arabica green beans (1) were roasted into light (2), medium (3) and dark (4) and these four coffee samples were submitted to microwave-assisted extraction. The antioxidant capacity of these samples was evaluated by five different methods. Caffeine, chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid were measured through HPLC. Samples were tested against PC-3 and DU-145 metastatic prostate cancer cell lines regarding their effects on cell viability, cell cycle progression and apoptotic cell death. We found that green and light roasted coffee extracts had the highest antioxidant activity. Caffeine content was not affected by roasting, chlorogenic acid was degraded due to the temperature, and caffeic acid increased in light roasted and decreased in medium and dark roasted. Green and light roasted coffee extracts promoted higher inhibition of cell viability, caused greater cell cycle arrest in S and G2/M and induced apoptosis more compared to medium and dark roasted coffee extracts and the control samples. Coffee extracts were more effective against DU-145 than in PC-3 cells. Our data provide initial evidence that among the four tested samples, the consumption of green and light coffee extracts contributes to inhibit prostate cancer tumor progression features, potentially preventing aspects related to advanced prostate cancer subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júlia Montenegro
- Laboratório de Alimentos Funcionais, Programa de Alimentos e Nutrição, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Lauriza Silva Dos Santos
- Laboratório de Alimentos Funcionais, Programa de Alimentos e Nutrição, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Gonçalves Gusmão de Souza
- Laboratório de Alimentos Funcionais, Programa de Alimentos e Nutrição, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Larissa Gabrielly Barbosa Lima
- Laboratório de Alimentos Funcionais, Programa de Alimentos e Nutrição, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Daniella Santos Mattos
- Programa de Oncobiologia Celular e Molecular, Instituto Nacional do Câncer, INCa, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | | | - Leda Muzzi
- Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal Fluminense, UFF, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Carlos Adam Conte-Júnior
- Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal Fluminense, UFF, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Etel Rodrigues Pereira Gimba
- Programa de Oncobiologia Celular e Molecular, Instituto Nacional do Câncer, INCa, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Universidade Federal Fluminense, Departamento de Ciências da Natureza, Rio das Ostras, RJ, Brazil
| | - Otniel Freitas-Silva
- Laboratório de Alimentos Funcionais, Programa de Alimentos e Nutrição, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Embrapa Agroindústria de Alimentos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Anderson Junger Teodoro
- Laboratório de Alimentos Funcionais, Programa de Alimentos e Nutrição, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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Bioavailability and Bioactivities of Polyphenols Eco Extracts from Coffee Grounds after In Vitro Digestion. Foods 2020; 9:foods9091281. [PMID: 32932599 PMCID: PMC7555697 DOI: 10.3390/foods9091281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Coffee grounds are a valuable source of bioactive compounds. In Romania, most of the amount obtained is lost through non-recovery; the rest is occasionally used as organic fertilizer. The coffee grounds were selected according to the roasting degree: blonde roasted (BR), medium roasted (MR), and dark roasted (DR). The study aimed to evaluate three extracts, obtained with a mixture of ethanol/water/acetic acid (50/49.5/0.5), depending on the roasting degree. The majority phenolic component, the antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effect, as well as the role that gastrointestinal transit had on the bioavailability of bioactive compounds were determined. Chlorogenic acid was inversely proportional to the roasting degree. BR showed the best correlation between antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in vitro/in vivo. The antiproliferative capacity of the extracts determined an inhibitory effect on the tumor cells. Antimicrobial activities, relevant in the control of type 2 diabetes, were exerted through the inhibition of microbial strains (Escherichia coli). Following gastric digestion, BR demonstrated a maximum loss of 20% in the stomach. The recovery of coffee grounds depended on the pattern of functional compounds and the bioavailability of the main component, chlorogenic acid.
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Habitual coffee intake and risk for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Eur J Nutr 2020; 60:1761-1767. [PMID: 32856188 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-020-02369-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Epidemiological studies support a protective role of habitual coffee and caffeine consumption against the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We aimed to investigate the causal relationship between coffee intake and the risk of NAFLD. METHODS We performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using SNPs associated with habitual coffee intake in a published genome-wide association study (GWAS) as genetic instruments and summary-level data from a published GWAS of NAFLD (1122 cases and 399,900 healthy controls) in the UK Biobank. The causal relationship was estimated with the inverse weighted method using a 4-SNP and 6-SNP instrument based on the single largest non-UK Biobank GWAS (n = 91,462) and meta-analysis (n = 121,524) of GWAS data on habitual coffee intake, respectively. To maximize power, we also used up to 77 SNPs associated with coffee intake at a liberal significance level (p ≤ 1e-4) as instruments. RESULTS We observed a non-significant trend towards a causal protective effect of coffee intake on NAFLD based upon either the 4-SNP (OR: 0.76; 95% CI 0.51, 1.14, p = 0.19) or 6-SNP genetic instruments (OR: 0.77; 95% CI 0.48, 1.25, p = 0.29). The result also remains non-significant when using the more liberal 77-SNP instrument. CONCLUSION Our findings do not support a causal relationship between coffee intake and NAFLD risk. However, despite the largest-to-date sample size, the power of this study may be limited by the non-specificity and moderate effect size of the genetic alleles on coffee intake.
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Caffeine effects on systemic metabolism, oxidative-inflammatory pathways, and exercise performance. Nutr Res 2020; 80:1-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2020.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Winiarska-Mieczan A, Mieczan T, Wójcik G. Importance of Redox Equilibrium in the Pathogenesis of Psoriasis-Impact of Antioxidant-Rich Diet. Nutrients 2020; 12:E1841. [PMID: 32575706 PMCID: PMC7353401 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a common, chronic, hyperproliferative, inflammatory skin disease occurring in most ethnic groups in the world. The disease is hereditary but the process of its inheritance is complex and still not fully understood. At the same time, it has been observed that psoriatic lesions may be triggered by certain prooxidative external factors: using narcotics, smoking, drinking alcohol, physical and mental stress, as well as bacterial infections and injury. Since the main physiological marker of psoriasis relates to disorders in the organism's antioxidative system, it is necessary to develop a well-balanced combination of pharmaceuticals and dietary antioxidants to facilitate the effective treatment and/or prevention of the disease. The dietary sources of antioxidants must be adequate for chronic use regardless of the patient's age and be easily available, e.g., as ingredients of regular food or dietary supplements. Diet manipulation is a promising therapeutic approach in the context of modulating the incidence of chronic diseases. Another potentially viable method entails the use of nutrigenomics, which guarantees a multiaspectual approach to the problem, including, in particular, analyses of the genetic profiles of psoriasis patients with the view to more accurately targeting key problems. The present paper pertains to the significance of redox equilibrium in the context of psoriasis. Based on information published in worldwide literature over the last decade, the impact of dietary exogenous antioxidants on the course of this chronic disease was analysed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Winiarska-Mieczan
- Department of Bromatology and Food Physiology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Mieczan
- Department of Hydrobiology and Protection of Ecosystems, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-262 Lublin, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Wójcik
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, 20-031 Lublin, Poland;
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AL-Megrin WA, El-Khadragy MF, Hussein MH, Mahgoub S, Abdel-Mohsen DM, Taha H, Bakkar AAA, Abdel Moneim AE, Amin HK. Green Coffea arabica Extract Ameliorates Testicular Injury in High-Fat Diet/Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes in Rats. J Diabetes Res 2020; 2020:6762709. [PMID: 32626781 PMCID: PMC7306074 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6762709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic endocrine disease characterized by persistent hyperglycemia. Oxidative damage, inflammatory cytokines, and apoptotic cell death play a major role in the induction and progression of male testicular damage. Plant-derived phytochemicals such as green coffee (Coffea arabica) can possess antidiabetic effects with little toxicity. The current study is aimed at investigating the therapeutic roles of green coffee in diabetic testicular injury stimulated by high-fat diet/streptozotocin administration. Diabetes mellitus was induced by a high-fat diet and a single dose of streptozotocin (STZ) (35 mg kg-1) in male albino rats. Diabetic animals were orally given two different concentrations of green coffee (50 mg kg-1 and 100 mg kg-1) for 28 days. The levels of testosterone, luteinizing hormone, and follicle-stimulating hormone and parameters of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis were measured. mRNAs and protein levels were detected quantitatively by real-time PCR and ELISA, respectively. In the diabetic group, the levels of testosterone, luteinizing hormone, and follicle-stimulating hormone showed a significant reduction while they increased significantly after green coffee treatment. A significant increase of antioxidant markers glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase along with decreased levels of lipid peroxides and nitric oxide was observed after green coffee treatment in the diabetic group. Finally, the levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, Bax, and caspase-3 were also decreased in both treated groups (metformin and green coffee) when compared to the diabetic group. We conclude that testicular oxidative impairment induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) and STZ can be reversed by green coffee. Administration of green coffee could represent a promising therapeutic agent which can help the treatment of type 2 DM-induced testicular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafa A. AL-Megrin
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal F. El-Khadragy
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
- Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Manal H. Hussein
- Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shahenda Mahgoub
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Doaa M. Abdel-Mohsen
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Heba Taha
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ashraf A. A. Bakkar
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Modern Sciences and Arts University (MSA), Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E. Abdel Moneim
- Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hatem K. Amin
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
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Moua ED, Hu C, Day N, Hord NG, Takata Y. Coffee Consumption and C-Reactive Protein Levels: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2020; 12:E1349. [PMID: 32397288 PMCID: PMC7285227 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Coffee contains bioactive compounds with anti-inflammatory properties, and its consumption may reduce c-reactive protein (CRP) levels, a biomarker of chronic inflammation. A previous meta-analysis reported no overall association between blood CRP level and coffee consumption by modeling the coffee consumption in categories, with substantial heterogeneity. However, the coffee cup volume was not considered. We conducted a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis investigating the association between coffee consumption and CRP levels reported in previous observational studies. A dose-response meta-analysis was conducted by mixed-effects meta-regression models using the volume of coffee consumed as metric. Eleven studies from three continents were identified using the PubMed database, totaling 61,047 participants. Three studies with the largest sample sizes observed a statistically significant association between coffee and CRP levels, which was inverse among European and United States (US) women and Japanese men (1.3%-5.5% decrease in CRP per 100 mL of coffee consumed) and positive among European men (2.2% increase). Other studies showed no statistically significant associations. When all studies were combined in the dose-response meta-analysis, no statistically significant associations were observed among all participants or when stratified by gender or geographic location, reflecting the conflicting associations reported in the included studies. Further studies are warranted to explore these inconsistent associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth D. Moua
- College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University/Oregon Health & Science University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;
| | - Chenxiao Hu
- Department of Statistics, College of Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;
| | - Nicole Day
- College of Engineering, School of Chemical, Biological, and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;
| | - Norman G. Hord
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;
| | - Yumie Takata
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;
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Conflicting Effects of Coffee Consumption on Cardiovascular Diseases: Does Coffee Consumption Aggravate Pre-existing Risk Factors? Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8040438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Coffee is one of the most popular beverages worldwide. Its effect on health is generally regarded as beneficial in many studies. However, there are growing concerns about the adverse effect of coffee consumption on cardiovascular disease (CVD) due to the potential aggravating impact on the cardiovascular system attributed to various compounds within coffee. This review is focused on deteriorative effects of coffee consumption on CVDs with possible mechanisms. Patients with risk factors of CVDs should prudently consider heavy consumption of coffee as it may exacerbate hypertension, dyslipidemia, and atherosclerosis, and increase the odds of cardiovascular events. J-shaped or U-shaped dose-response graphs of coffee consumption and CVD parameters partially explain the inconsistency of conclusions between coffee studies on CVD, highlighting a moderate intake of coffee. Moreover, there are discrepancies in results from clinical studies elucidating considerable influences of confounding factors including gender and smoking status on outcomes of those conducted to reveal the actual impact of coffee consumption on CVDs. Physical features of subjects including genetic variations and body mass index (BMI) make it difficult to determine moderate intake of coffee for individuals in terms of caffeine metabolism. Further epidemiological studies with consideration about characteristics of the study population are needed to determine the exact effect of coffee consumption on CVD.
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Ho KV, Schreiber KL, Park J, Vo PH, Lei Z, Sumner LW, Brown CR, Lin CH. Identification and Quantification of Bioactive Molecules Inhibiting Pro-inflammatory Cytokine Production in Spent Coffee Grounds Using Metabolomics Analyses. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:229. [PMID: 32210815 PMCID: PMC7073796 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we assessed the anti-inflammatory properties of spent coffee grounds. Methanolic extracts of spent coffee grounds obtained from 3 Arabica cultivars possess compounds that exerted inhibitory effects on the secretion of inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10) induced by a human pro-monocytic cell line differentiated with PMA and stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Our results indicated that the cytokine suppressive activities of the spent coffee ground (SCG) extracts were different among coffee cultivars tested. Hawaiian Kona extracts exhibited inhibitory effects on the expression of 3 examined cytokines, Ethiopian Yirgacheffe extracts reduced the secretion of TNF-α and IL-6, and Costa Rican Tarrazu extracts decreased the secretion of IL-6 only. Untargeted metabolomics analyses of SCG extracts led to the putative identification of 26 metabolites with known anti-inflammatory activities. Multiple metabolites (i.e., chrysin, daidzein, eugenol, naringenin, naringin, oxyresveratrol, pectolinarin, resveratrol, tectochrysin, theaflavin, vanillic acid, and vitexin rhamnoside) identified in the SCGs represent possible novel anti-inflammatory compounds. Of the 26 identified metabolites, the 12 compounds that had high relative intensities in all of the extracts were successfully quantified using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analyses. Results from the targeted analyses indicated that caffeine and 5-caffeoylquinic acid (CQA) were the most abundant compounds in the SCG extracts. The contents of caffeine ranged from 0.38 mg/g (Ethiopian Yirgacheffe) – 0.44 mg/g (Costa Rican Tarrazu), whereas 5-CQA concentrations were in the range of 0.24 mg/g (Costa Rican Tarrazu) – 0.34 mg/g (Ethiopian Yirgacheffe). The presence of multiple anti-inflammatory compounds in SCGs provides a promising natural source for cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khanh-Van Ho
- Center for Agroforestry, School of Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States.,Department of Food Technology, Can Tho University, Can Tho, Vietnam
| | - Kathy L Schreiber
- Cell and Immunobiology Core, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Jihyun Park
- Center for Agroforestry, School of Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Phuc H Vo
- Center for Agroforestry, School of Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Zhentian Lei
- Metabolomics Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States.,Department of Biochemistry, Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Lloyd W Sumner
- Metabolomics Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States.,Department of Biochemistry, Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Charles R Brown
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Chung-Ho Lin
- Center for Agroforestry, School of Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
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Turck D, Castenmiller J, De Henauw S, Ildico Hirsch‐Ernst K, Kearney J, Knutsen HK, Maciuk A, Mangelsdorf I, McArdle HJ, Naska A, Pelaez C, Pentieva K, Thies F, Tsabouri S, Vinceti M, Bresson J, Siani A. Coffee C21 and protection of DNA from strand breaks: evaluation of a health claim pursuant to Article 13(5) of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006. EFSA J 2020; 18:e06055. [PMID: 32874267 PMCID: PMC7448089 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2020.6055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Following an application from Tchibo GmbH submitted for authorisation of a health claim pursuant to Article 13(5) of Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006 via the Competent Authority of Germany, the EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA) was asked to deliver an opinion on the scientific substantiation of a health claim related to Coffee C21 and protection of DNA from strand breaks. The scope of the application was proposed to fall under a health claim based on newly developed scientific evidence. The food proposed by the applicant as the subject of the health claim is Coffee C21. The Panel considers that Coffee C21, a coffee standardised by its concentration of caffeoylquinic acids (CQA), trigonelline and N-methylpyridinium (NMP), is sufficiently characterised in relation to the claimed effect. The Panel considers that the claimed effect, protection of DNA from strand breaks, is a beneficial physiological effect. Out of the two human intervention studies from which conclusion could be drawn, one study provides some evidence that daily consumption of Coffee C21 (750 mL/day) for 4 weeks decreases DNA strand breaks in habitual coffee drinkers after coffee withdrawal over the previous four weeks. However, the results of this study were not replicated in another study conducted under similar conditions in the same study centre. No studies performed in a different setting, from which conclusions could be drawn, were available. No evidence has been provided for a mechanism by which coffee (including Coffee C21) would reduce DNA damage in human cells by reducing DNA strand breaks. The Panel concludes that a cause and effect relationship has not been established between the consumption of Coffee C21 and protection of DNA from strand breaks.
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Jang M, Kim KH, Kim GH. Antioxidant Capacity of Thistle (Cirsium japonicum) in Various Drying Methods and their Protection Effect on Neuronal PC12 Cells and Caenorhabditis elegans. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9030200. [PMID: 32121091 PMCID: PMC7139455 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9030200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was, firstly, to evaluate the phenol profile of thistle (Cirsium japonicum, CJ) by High performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS), dried by different methods (90 °C hot-air, 70 °C hot-air, shade-, and freeze-drying). Secondly, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between phenolic compounds content and antioxidant properties. CJ contained chlorogenic acid, linarin, and pectolinarin. Total phenolic contents of CJ significantly decreased under hot-air-drying condition, especially chlorogenic acid contents in CJ have been reduced by 85% and 60% for 90 °C and 70 °C hot-air-drying, respectively. We evaluated the protective effect on adrenal pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells and Caenorhabditis elegans using shade-dried CJ, which has the largest phenolic contents and the strongest antioxidant property. CJ-treated PC 12 cells dose-dependently exhibited the protective effects against reactive oxygen species (ROS), while cell viability increases, lactate dehydrogenase release decreases, and ROS formation decreases. Furthermore, CJ has also shown protection against ROS in C. elegans. Consequently, CJ contributed to lifespan extension under ROS stress without influencing the physiological growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miran Jang
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA; (M.J.); (K.-H.K.)
- Plant Resources Research Institute, Duksung Women’s University, Seoul 01370, Korea
| | - Kee-Hong Kim
- Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906, USA; (M.J.); (K.-H.K.)
| | - Gun-Hee Kim
- Plant Resources Research Institute, Duksung Women’s University, Seoul 01370, Korea
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Duksung Women’s University, Seoul 01370, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-901-8496; Fax: +82-2-901-8474
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Antioxidant Properties of Fermented Green Coffee Beans with Wickerhamomyces anomalus (Strain KNU18Y3). FERMENTATION 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation6010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A few yeast species have been tested frequently to improve the tastes, flavors, and other important quality parameters of coffee. However, continuing evaluations of different yeast species for fermenting green coffee beans will have a significant positive contribution to the coffee industry. This experiment was conducted to evaluate the antioxidant properties, total phenol content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), total tannin content (TTC), and the consumer acceptability of fermented green coffee beans with Wickerhamomyces anomalu. The coffee beans were roasted at different roasting conditions (light, medium, and dark). There was no significant (p > 0.05) difference between the yeast-fermented and non-fermented coffee with regard to the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) values in medium and dark roasted coffee. Similarly, the superoxide dismutase-like (SOD)-like activity did not significantly differ in all roasting conditions. However, the SOD-like activity was significantly different (p < 0.05), particularly within light roasted and medium roasted, and between light roasted and dark roasted in both the control and fermented coffee extracts. The 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were improved in fermented coffee beans. There was a significant (p ≤ 0.05) difference between the yeast-fermented and non-fermented coffee with respect to the TPC and TFC in all roasting types and the TTC in the light and dark roasting conditions. The fermentation of green coffee beans with W. anomalus increased the TPC and TFC. However, the TTC was lower in the fermented coffee beans compared to the non-fermented coffee beans in medium and dark roasted coffee. In general, fermentation of green coffee beans with W. anomalus has the potential to improve the functionality of coffee beans.
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Souza LDSD, Carrero Horta IP, de Souza Rosa L, Barbosa Lima LG, Santos da Rosa J, Montenegro J, da Silva Santos L, Nana de Castro RB, Freitas-Silva O, Teodoro AJ. Effect of the roasting levels of Coffea arabica L. extracts on their potential antioxidant capacity and antiproliferative activity in human prostate cancer cells. RSC Adv 2020; 10:30115-30126. [PMID: 35518253 PMCID: PMC9056273 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra01179g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Coffee, besides being one of the most consumed stimulating beverages in the world, has important bioactive activities, which have been attracting increasing attention from researchers. However, the standard process of roasting causes changes in its chemical composition. In the present study, extracts obtained from green and roasted beans (light, medium and dark) of Coffea arabica Linnaeus were submitted to high-power ultrasonic extraction and atomization by spray drying. Colorimetric analysis was used to classify the roasting levels of the dried extract samples. The effects of the roasting process on the bioactivity of the dried extracts were verified through the following assays: caffeine, chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid, by HPLC-PDA; total phenolics by Folin–Ciocalteu; antioxidant activity by DPPH, FRAP, ABTS and ORAC; antiproliferative activity, using the MTT assay; and cell cycle and apoptosis by flow cytometry in metastatic prostate cancer cell lines from bone (PC-3) and brain (DU-145). The results showed that the lowest levels of caffeine, chlorogenic and caffeic acids were observed in dark roasted coffee. In comparison to medium and dark extracts in PC-3 cells, the green and light coffee extracts had higher antioxidant activities and promoted cytotoxicity followed by cell cycle arrest in phase S and apoptosis induction. Thus, the roasting level of the coffee extracts may be related to the potential chemoprotective effects of Coffea arabica L. in prostate cancer cells. Coffee, besides being one of the most consumed stimulating beverages in the world, has important bioactive activities, which have been attracting increasing attention from researchers.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lana de Souza Rosa
- Laboratory of Functional Foods
- Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
- Rio de Janeiro
- Brazil
| | | | - Jeane Santos da Rosa
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária
- Embrapa Agroindústria de Alimentos
- Rio de Janeiro
- Brazil
| | - Julia Montenegro
- Laboratory of Functional Foods
- Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
- Rio de Janeiro
- Brazil
| | - Lauriza da Silva Santos
- Laboratory of Functional Foods
- Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
- Rio de Janeiro
- Brazil
| | | | - Otniel Freitas-Silva
- Laboratory of Functional Foods
- Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
- Rio de Janeiro
- Brazil
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária
| | - Anderson Junger Teodoro
- Laboratory of Functional Foods
- Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
- Rio de Janeiro
- Brazil
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43
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Kim M, Hwang I, Kim S, Choi A. Chemical characterization of balloon flower ( Platycodon grandiflorum) sprout extracts and their regulation of inflammatory activity in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:246-256. [PMID: 31993150 PMCID: PMC6977515 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The balloon flower (BF) is a potent natural source of phytochemical compounds and is associated with our health. The sprouting process is accompanied by significant changes in phytochemical compounds in comparison with their original plants. Even though many studies are conducted with BF, there are not yet reports of BF sprouts. In the present study, we determined the chemical composition and biological activity of BF sprouts that had been cultivated for 50 days. Kaempferol-3-O-galactoside and 1-O-caffeoylquinic acid were identified as major components of whole BF sprouts. The leaves/stems of the sprouts had higher total phenolic and flavonoid contents and lower IC50 values in DPPH• and ABTS•+ scavenging assays than whole sprouts or roots. The roots of the sprouts had the highest polygalacin D content (1.44 mg/g). We also determined the effects of different parts of BF sprouts on RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. When these cells were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), their nitrite and pro-inflammatory cytokine production increased. BF sprouts suppressed the LPS-induced production of nitrite, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-6 in a concentration-dependent manner without causing any cytotoxic effects. Nitrite and pro-inflammatory cytokine production were significantly inhibited by the roots and leaves/stems, respectively. The inhibitory effects of BF sprouts on LPS-stimulated inflammatory responses in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells were associated with suppressed NF-κB activation. These findings suggest that BF sprouts could be a valuable source of bioactive compounds and exert anti-inflammatory effects due to their polygalacin D, deapi-platycodin D3, and polyphenol content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Kim
- Division of Functional Food & NutritionDepartment of Agrofood ResourcesNational Institute of Agricultural SciencesRural Development AdministrationWanjuKorea
| | - In‐Guk Hwang
- Division of Functional Food & NutritionDepartment of Agrofood ResourcesNational Institute of Agricultural SciencesRural Development AdministrationWanjuKorea
| | - Sang‐Bum Kim
- Division of Functional Food & NutritionDepartment of Agrofood ResourcesNational Institute of Agricultural SciencesRural Development AdministrationWanjuKorea
| | - Ae‐Jin Choi
- Division of Functional Food & NutritionDepartment of Agrofood ResourcesNational Institute of Agricultural SciencesRural Development AdministrationWanjuKorea
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Badshah H, Ikram M, Ali W, Ahmad S, Hahm JR, Kim MO. Caffeine May Abrogate LPS-Induced Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation by Regulating Nrf2/TLR4 in Adult Mouse Brains. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9110719. [PMID: 31717470 PMCID: PMC6921022 DOI: 10.3390/biom9110719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we assayed the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of caffeine in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-injected mouse model of neurodegeneration and synaptic impairment. For this purpose, LPS was injected for two weeks on an alternate-day basis (250 µg/kg/i.p. for a total of seven doses), while caffeine was injected daily for four weeks (30 mg/kg/i.p/four weeks). According to our findings, there was a significant increase in the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as evaluated from the levels of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and ROS assays. Also, we evaluated the expression of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and the enzyme hemeoxygenase 1 (HO-1) in the mouse groups and found reduced expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 in the LPS-treated mice brains, but they were markedly upregulated in the LPS + caffeine co-treated group. We also noted enhanced expression of toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4), phospho-nuclear factor kappa B (p-NF-kB), and phospho-c-Jun n-terminal kinase (p-JNK) in the LPS-treated mice brains, which was significantly reduced in the LPS + caffeine co-treated group. Moreover, we found enhanced expression of Bcl2-associated X, apoptosis regulator (Bax), and cleaved caspase-3, and reduced expression of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) in the LPS-treated group, which were markedly reversed in the LPS + caffeine co-treated group. Furthermore, we analyzed the expression of synaptic proteins in the treated groups and found a marked reduction in the expression of synaptic markers in the LPS-treated group; these were significantly upregulated in the LPS + caffeine co-treated group. In summary, we conclude that caffeine may inhibit LPS-induced oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and synaptic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haroon Badshah
- Division of Life Sciences and Applied Life Science (BK 21plus), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (H.B.); (M.I.); (W.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Muhammad Ikram
- Division of Life Sciences and Applied Life Science (BK 21plus), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (H.B.); (M.I.); (W.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Waqar Ali
- Division of Life Sciences and Applied Life Science (BK 21plus), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (H.B.); (M.I.); (W.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Sareer Ahmad
- Division of Life Sciences and Applied Life Science (BK 21plus), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (H.B.); (M.I.); (W.A.); (S.A.)
| | - Jong Ryeal Hahm
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, and Division of Endocrinology, Gyeongsang National University Hospital and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea;
| | - Myeong Ok Kim
- Division of Life Sciences and Applied Life Science (BK 21plus), College of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (H.B.); (M.I.); (W.A.); (S.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-55-772-1345; Fax: +82-55-772-2656
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Bosso H, Soares Arantes GEP, Barbalho SM, Guiguer ÉL, de Souza MDSS, Bueno PCDS, Chies AB, Oliveira PBD, Mendes CG, Araújo AC. Effects of Green and Ripe Coffee in the Metabolic Profile and Muscle Enzymes in Animals Practicing Physical Exercise. J Med Food 2019; 22:416-420. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2018.0162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Henrique Bosso
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, Brazil
| | | | - Sandra Maria Barbalho
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Technology of Marília, Marília, Brazil
| | - Élen Landgraf Guiguer
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Technology of Marília, Marília, Brazil
| | | | | | - Agnaldo Bruno Chies
- Department of Pharmacology, Marilia Faculty of Medicine, FAMEMA, Marília, Brazil
| | | | | | - Adriano Cressoni Araújo
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, Brazil
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Daily JW, Liu M, Park S. High genetic risk scores of SLIT3, PLEKHA5 and PPP2R2C variants increased insulin resistance and interacted with coffee and caffeine consumption in middle-aged adults. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2019; 29:79-89. [PMID: 30454882 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS AND AIMS Insulin resistance is a common feature of metabolic syndrome that may be influenced by genetic risk factors. We hypothesized that genetic risk scores (GRS) of SNPs that influence insulin resistance and signaling interact with lifestyles to modulate insulin resistance in Korean adults. METHODS AND RESULTS Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of subjects aged 40-65 years who participated in the Ansung/Ansan cohorts (8842 adults) in Korea revealed 52 genetic variants that influence insulin resistance. The best gene-gene interaction model was explored using the generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction (GMDR) method. GRS from the best model were calculated and the GRS were divided into low, medium and high groups. The best model for representing insulin resistance included SLIT3_rs2974430, PLEKHA5_rs1077044, and PPP2R2C_rs16838853. The odds ratios for insulin resistance were increased by 150% in the High-GRS group compared to the Low-GRS group. However, ORs for insulin secretion capacity, measured by HOMA-B, were not associated with GRS. Coffee and caffeine intake and GRS had an interaction with insulin resistance: In subjects with high coffee (≥10 cups/week) or caffeine intake (≥220 mg caffeine/day), insulin resistance was significantly elevated in the High-GRS group, but not in the Low-GRS. However, alcohol intake, smoking and physical activity did not have an interaction with GRS. Insulin secretion capacity was not significantly influenced by GRS when evaluating the adjusted odds ratios. CONCLUSIONS Subjects with High-GRS may be susceptible to increased insulin resistance by 50% and its risk may be exacerbated by consuming more than 10 cups coffee/week or 220 mg caffeine/day.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Daily
- Dept. of R&D, Daily Manufacturing Inc., Rockwell, NC, USA
| | - M Liu
- Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Obesity/Diabetes Research Center, Hoseo University, Asan, South Korea
| | - S Park
- Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Obesity/Diabetes Research Center, Hoseo University, Asan, South Korea.
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Effect of Roasting Levels and Drying Process of Coffea canephora on the Quality of Bioactive Compounds and Cytotoxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113407. [PMID: 30384410 PMCID: PMC6274859 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Coffee is a popular drink consumed all over the world. Besides its long-recognized stimulant effect, it has important nutritional and health effects. However, the type of bean processing modifies the composition of brewed coffee and possibly its bioactivity. In this study, extracts obtained from green and roasted beans of Coffea canephora (Coffea canephora var. robusta) were submitted to spray- or freeze-drying and were tested for antiproliferative activity, using MTT assay, and their influence on the cell cycle and apoptosis by flow cytometry analysis. Moreover, colors and nutrient contents were measured to identify the changes due to the roasting process. The results obtained showed that extracts from green and light roasted beans exhibited strong bioactive capacity. Coffee extracts promoted a decrease in cell viability, modulated cell cycle and induced apoptosis in human prostate carcinoma cell line (DU-145). The level of roasting reduced this property, but the type of drying did not in all cases.
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48
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Al Reef T, Ghanem E. Caffeine: Well-known as psychotropic substance, but little as immunomodulator. Immunobiology 2018; 223:818-825. [PMID: 30146130 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2018.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
To date, numerable reviews are found in the literature prominent to the effect of caffeine on the immune system, with the latest review published in 2006. Database screening reveals around three thousand articles that have been published during the last decade. Interestingly, less than hundred articles involved humans and rodents as tested models, out of which 20% is of interest to this paper excluding studies done on the nervous and cardiac systems, and in pregnant and cancer cases. In this review, information pertaining to the experimental setup of various studies, namely, the tested model, the study type (in vivo or in vitro), and caffeine dose is covered to discern the behaviour of major cellular and molecular immune components in light of caffeine exposure. Although it is hard to extrapolate results done in rodents to humans and to relay conclusions from in vitro to in vivo studies, most of the collected data favor the suppressive effects of caffeine on the proliferation of stimulated lymphocytes. Macrophages and natural killer cells also exhibited a reduced activity in the presence of high caffeine doses compared to increased activity at low doses. Immunosuppression is also supported by reduced levels of major anti-inflammatory cytokines, IL-2, IL-6, TNF-α. Moreover, certain innate and adaptive immune receptors, such as TLR1, TLR2, TLR4, and MHC class I-related chain B (MICB) molecules, exhibited decreased expression levels. Thus, we support the use of caffeine to alleviate various inflammatory conditions and autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Al Reef
- Department of Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Notre Dame University, Louaize, Lebanon
| | - Esther Ghanem
- Department of Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Notre Dame University, Louaize, Lebanon.
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Effects of Coffee Extracts with Different Roasting Degrees on Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Systems in Mice. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10030363. [PMID: 29547558 PMCID: PMC5872781 DOI: 10.3390/nu10030363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Coffee roasting affects the taste, color, and aroma of coffee. The Maillard reaction, a major reaction during the roasting process, produces melanoidin, which affects the overall antioxidant capacity and anti-inflammatory effects of coffee. In this experiment, coffee roasting was divided into four degrees: Light, Medium, City, and French. To examine the in vivo antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of coffee extracts with different roasting degrees, we used 10-week-old male C57BL/6 mice. Mice were pre-treated with coffee extracts for 10 days by oral gavage (300 mg/Kg.B.W). After the last pre-treatment, lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 15 mg/Kg.B.W) was injected intraperitoneally for immune stimulation. Histopathological analysis showed that hepatic portal vein invasion and liver necrosis were severe in the LPS-treated group. However, these phenomena were greatly ameliorated when mice were pre-treated with Light- or Medium-roasted coffee extracts. Hepatic glutathione level was increased in the French group but decreased in the LPS-stimulated group. When mice were treated with LPS, mRNA expression level of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) was increased, whereas TNF-α expression was significantly reduced in the Light and Medium groups. Treatment with coffee extracts decreased the mRNA expression levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6) in mice stimulated by LPS, regardless of coffee roasting degrees. These effects decreased with the increasing coffee roasting degree. Results of luciferase reporter assay revealed that these effects of coffee extracts were transcriptionally regulated by the NF-κB pathway. Taken together, these results suggest that the roasting degree affects the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of coffee extracts.
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Ioakeimidis N, Tzifos V, Vlachopoulos C, Terentes-Printzios D, Georgakopoulos C, Tousoulis D. Acute effect of coffee on aortic stiffness and wave reflections in healthy individuals: differential effect according to habitual consumption. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018; 69:870-881. [DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2017.1422700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Ioakeimidis
- Hypertension and Cardiometabolic Syndrome Unit, 1st Department of Cardiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Vaios Tzifos
- Department of Interventional Cardiology, Henry Dunant Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Charalambos Vlachopoulos
- Hypertension and Cardiometabolic Syndrome Unit, 1st Department of Cardiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Terentes-Printzios
- Hypertension and Cardiometabolic Syndrome Unit, 1st Department of Cardiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Georgakopoulos
- Hypertension and Cardiometabolic Syndrome Unit, 1st Department of Cardiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Tousoulis
- Hypertension and Cardiometabolic Syndrome Unit, 1st Department of Cardiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
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