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Catelan RF, Saadeh A, Lobato MIR, Gagliotti DAM, Costa AB. Condom-Protected Sex and Minority Stress: Associations with Condom Negotiation Self-Efficacy, "Passing" Concerns, and Experiences with Misgendering among Transgender Men and Women in Brazil. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:4850. [PMID: 34062814 PMCID: PMC8125181 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This cross-sectional exploratory study aims to verify associations between condom-protected sex, condom negotiation self-efficacy, self-esteem, and four minority stressors (experiences with misgendering, "passing" concerns, anticipated prejudice, and perceived prejudice) among transgender men (TM) and transgender women (TW). 260 individuals (192 TW and 68 TM) residing in two Brazilian states participated in the study. Data was collected online and in two hospital programs for transgender people and included sociodemographic data, condom-protected sex, the Trans-Specific Condom/Barrier Negotiation Self-Efficacy (T-Barrier) Scale, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and four minority stressors. Measures that were significantly associated with condom-protected sex were tested as independent variables in a linear regression model. The main results suggest that lower condom negotiation self-efficacy, higher "passing" concerns, and higher experiences with misgendering were predictors of lower frequency of condom-protected sex. These negative outcomes were found among both TM and TW, which justifies their inclusion in public health policies. Structural strategies and clinical interventions are suggested to address condom negotiation self-efficacy and "passing" concerns in transgender populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramiro Figueiredo Catelan
- Psychology Graduate Program, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90619-900, Brazil;
- Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 22290-140, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Saadeh
- Department of Psychology, Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05014-901, Brazil;
- Faculty of Medicine Clinics Hospital, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-000, Brazil;
| | | | | | - Angelo Brandelli Costa
- Psychology Graduate Program, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90619-900, Brazil;
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Pirani E, Matera C. Who is at risk? Gendered psychological correlates in Italian students’ sexual risk profiles. GENUS 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s41118-020-00080-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractRecent research has shown that sexual risk behaviours are rising substantially among Italian youth, but this evidence is still undervalued in public discussion. Adopting a multidimensional perspective for sexual risk and addressing gender differences, the present study investigates if and how some individuals’ psychological characteristics—namely body satisfaction, self-esteem and body sensation-seeking—are associated with unsafe and risky sexual behaviours of Italian emerging adults. We exploited the survey SELFY—Sexual and Emotional LiFe of Youths—conducted in 2017 in Italy. Several key points may be highlighted from our study. First, we identify two clusters characterized by high sexual risk-taking behaviours, which include one third of our sample, a non-negligible proportion. Second, we prove that women are generally less inclined to adopt risk-taking behaviours in sexual life. Third, our findings show that body satisfaction, self-esteem and sensation seeking are differently linked to sexual risk taking among women and men. Body satisfaction is associated with a higher probability of adopting risky and promiscuous sexual behaviours among men, while the relationship is not significant among women. Sensation seeking shows a certain relevance in defining sexual risk profiles, especially for men. Overall, our research suggests that body image and self-worth could be relevant areas of intervention for sexual health programs targeting emerging Italian adults. Notably, communication and education strategies on these issues should be differentiated for women and men.
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Lee HR, Lee HE, Cassel K, Hagiwara MI, Somera LP. Protective Effect of Biculturalism for Health Amongst Minority Youth: The Case of Pacific Islander Migrant Youths in Hawai'i. BRITISH JOURNAL OF SOCIAL WORK 2019; 49:1003-1022. [PMID: 31308577 PMCID: PMC6615175 DOI: 10.1093/bjsw/bcz042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the mechanisms by which biculturalism impacts various health outcomes amongst youth migrants to Hawai'i who are from the US-Affiliated Pacific Islands jurisdictions. Using purposive sampling, 284 males and females (twelve to nineteen years old) of Pacific Islander ethnicities in Hawai'i completed a survey. Results from path analysis showed that biculturalism significantly and positively affected self-esteem that, in turn, improved eating attitude, body satisfaction and perceived well-being. Further, eating attitude increased healthy eating behaviour and body satisfaction that, in turn, positively affected general health perception and body satisfaction. Positive smoking attitudes increased smoking activities, which negatively affect general health perception. The study demonstrated that self-esteem impacted overall health through its influence on enhancing positive perceptions about the importance of healthy eating, body satisfaction and well-being. Biculturalism indirectly led to increased self-esteem, which in turn directly influenced attitudes about healthy eating, body satisfaction and perceived well-being. Our study provides strong evidence that addressing the problem of health disparities for minority populations in the USA has to start with reaffirming the value of diversity and multiculturalism and embracing an individual's historic cultural identity. Specific implications for funding agencies and researchers of minority health programs are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-ryeon Lee
- Department of Communicology, University of Hawai’i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Hye Eun Lee
- School of Communication and Media, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kevin Cassel
- Population Sciences in the Pacific Program, University of Hawai’i Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Megan Inada Hagiwara
- Population Sciences in the Pacific Program, University of Hawai’i Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Lilnabeth P Somera
- Division of Communication and Fine Arts, UOG Station, University of Guam, Mangilao, Guam
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Abstract
Leveraging 2.5 years of weekly data from the Relationship Dynamics and Social Life Study, we investigate the relationship between young women's sexual concurrency and their contraceptive behavior. Specifically, we (1) examine whether young women changed their contraceptive use when switching from one to multiple concurrent sexual partners in the same week; (2) explore the uniformity of contraceptive responses to concurrency across relationship context; and (3) compare the contraceptive behaviors of never-concurrent women with those of ever-concurrent women in weeks when they were not concurrent. Nearly one in five sexually active young women had sex with two or more people in the same week. When they were concurrent, these women's odds of using any contraception increased threefold, and their odds of using condoms increased fourfold. This pattern of contraceptive adjustments was the same across relationship characteristics, such as duration and exclusivity. Yet when they were not concurrent, ever-concurrent women were less likely to use any contraception and used condoms less consistently than women who were never concurrent. We discuss these findings in the context of ongoing debates about the role of sexual concurrency in STI transmission dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Weitzman
- Population Research Center, University of Texas at Austin, 305 E. 23rd Street, RLP 2.602, Mail Stop G1800, Austin, TX, 78712-1699, USA.
- Department of Sociology, University of Texas at Austin, 305 E. 23rd Street, A1700, RLP 3.306, Austin, TX, 78712-1086, USA.
| | - Jennifer Barber
- Population Studies Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Sociology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yasamin Kusunoki
- Population Studies Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Clark M, Buchanan R, Kovensky R, Leve LD. Partner influences on young women's risky drug and sexual behavior. Reprod Health 2018; 15:156. [PMID: 30219076 PMCID: PMC6139176 DOI: 10.1186/s12978-018-0598-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adolescent girls with a history of maltreatment are at heightened risk for health-risking behaviors, including unsafe sexual behaviors and drug use. However, few studies have examined the views of this population in regard to sexual partner choice, sexual behaviors, and decisions to use drugs with sexual partners. Methods We conducted 15 semistructured, open-ended qualitative interviews with young women ages 18–24 with a history of maltreatment and asked them to reflect on their experiences as adolescents. We used the constant comparison method to group the qualitative coded data into themes. Results Analysis of the interviews suggested that adolescent girls with maltreatment histories often report that they chose partners who are promotive of risky drug and sexual behavior. The interviews also provided insight into why this population is likely to use drugs with their partner and why they might be hesitant to talk about or practice safe sex with their partner. Conclusion The young women’s feedback highlighted five areas where adolescent girls with maltreatment histories could benefit: (a) provision of information about partner characteristics that are promotive of both risky behavior and those that are linked to healthy relationships, (b) provision of information about how one’s partner can influence one’s own drug use, (c) practice talking about safe sex with partners, (d) provision of information about safe sex practices and the risks associated with unsafe sex, and (e) provision of information about the risks associated with drug use and unsafe sexual behavior to adolescent boys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Clark
- Oregon Social Learning Center, 10 Shelton McMurphey Blvd, Eugene, OR, 97401, USA
| | - Rohanna Buchanan
- Oregon Social Learning Center, 10 Shelton McMurphey Blvd, Eugene, OR, 97401, USA.
| | - Rachel Kovensky
- Prevention Science Institute, 6217 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA
| | - Leslie D Leve
- Prevention Science Institute, 6217 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA
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Campbell ANC, Brooks AJ, Pavlicova M, Hu MC, Hatch-Maillette MA, Calsyn DA, Tross S. Barriers to Condom Use: Results for Men and Women Enrolled in HIV Risk Reduction Trials in Outpatient Drug Treatment. JOURNAL OF HIV/AIDS & SOCIAL SERVICES 2016; 15:130-146. [PMID: 27766067 PMCID: PMC5067067 DOI: 10.1080/15381501.2016.1166090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
HIV transmission often occurs through heterosexual high-risk sex. Even in the era of HIV combination prevention, promoting condom use, and understanding condom barriers, remain priorities, especially among substance-dependent individuals. Men and women (N=729) in outpatient drug treatment participated in a five-session gender-specific risk reduction group or one-session HIV Education group. Condom barriers (Motivation, Partner-related, Access/Availability, Sexual experience) were assessed at baseline and 6-month follow-up. Completing either intervention was associated with fewer motivation and partner-related barriers. Among women, reductions in motivation and sexual experience barriers were associated with less sexual risk with primary partners. Condom barriers are important to gender-specific HIV prevention; given limited resources, brief interventions maximizing active components are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimee N C Campbell
- Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons, Department of Psychiatry; New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY; St. Luke's Roosevelt Hospital, Mount Sinai Health System, Department of Psychiatry, New York, NY
| | - Audrey J Brooks
- University of Arizona, Arizona Center for Integrative Medicine, Tucson, AZ
| | - Martina Pavlicova
- Columbia University Medical Center, Department of Biostatistics, New York, NY
| | - Mei-Chen Hu
- Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons, Department of Psychiatry
| | - Mary A Hatch-Maillette
- Alcohol and Drug Abuse Institute and the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Donald A Calsyn
- Alcohol and Drug Abuse Institute and the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Susan Tross
- Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons, Department of Psychiatry; St. Luke's Roosevelt Hospital, Mount Sinai Health System, Department of Psychiatry, New York, NY; HIV Center for Clinical and Behavioral Studies, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY
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7
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Batchelder AW, Gonzalez JS, Palma A, Schoenbaum E, Lounsbury DW. A Social Ecological Model of Syndemic Risk affecting Women with and At-Risk for HIV in Impoverished Urban Communities. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2015; 56:229-40. [PMID: 26370203 PMCID: PMC8344336 DOI: 10.1007/s10464-015-9750-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Syndemic risk is an ecological construct, defined by co-occurring interdependent socio-environmental, interpersonal and intrapersonal determinants. We posited syndemic risk to be a function of violence, substance use, perceived financial hardship, emotional distress and self-worth among women with and at-risk for HIV in an impoverished urban community. In order to better understand these interrelationships, we developed and validated a system dynamics (SD) model based upon peer-reviewed literature; secondary data analyses of a cohort dataset including women living with and at-risk of HIV in Bronx, NY (N = 620); and input from a Bronx-based community advisory board. Simulated model output revealed divergent levels and patterns of syndemic risk over time across different sample profiles. Outputs generated new insights about how to effectively explore multicomponent multi-level programs in order to strategically develop more effective services for this population. Specifically, the model indicated that effective multi-level interventions might bolster women's resilience by increasing self-worth, which may result in decreased perceived financial hardship and risk of violence. Overall, our stakeholder-informed model depicts how self-worth may be a major driver of vulnerability and a meaningful addition to syndemic theory affecting this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- A W Batchelder
- Osher Center for Integrative Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, 1545 Divisadero Street, 3rd Floor, Box 1726, San Francisco, CA, 94115, USA.
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - J S Gonzalez
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, New York, NY, USA
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University, New York, NY, USA
| | - A Palma
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University, New York, NY, USA
- Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - E Schoenbaum
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University, New York, NY, USA
| | - D W Lounsbury
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University, New York, NY, USA
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8
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Nesoff ED, Dunkle K, Lang D. The Impact of Condom Use Negotiation Self-Efficacy and Partnership Patterns on Consistent Condom Use Among College-Educated Women. HEALTH EDUCATION & BEHAVIOR 2015; 43:61-7. [PMID: 26194206 DOI: 10.1177/1090198115596168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study sought to explore the impact of condom negotiation self-efficacy, interpersonal factors, and sensational factors on condom use behavior among a population of college-educated women with different patterns and types of sexual partner. We administered an online questionnaire capturing sexual behavior, partnership patterns, perceived benefits of and barriers to condom use, and condom use negotiation self-efficacy. A total of 433 women completed the online survey. Perceived sensual, erotic, and interpersonal benefits and barriers to condom use, along with negotiation self-efficacy, were found to be significantly associated with consistent condom use. When compared to respondents reporting only main partners, respondents reporting only casual partners were more likely to use condoms while respondents reporting both main and casual partners were least likely to use condoms. Previous negative experiences with condoms were significantly associated with decreased condom use, while history of sexually transmitted infection diagnosis was not consistently associated with condom use. This study supports the importance of negotiation self-efficacy in promoting condom use; however, building women's self-efficacy is not enough for effective condom use promotion among women. The impact of interpersonal, sensual and erotic factors, as well as the context of different partnership patterns, must be considered in future interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kristin Dunkle
- South African Medical Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Delia Lang
- Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, USA
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9
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Rigg KK, Cook HH, Murphy JW. Expanding the scope and relevance of health interventions: moving beyond clinical trials and behavior change models. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2014; 9:24743. [PMID: 25053530 PMCID: PMC4107301 DOI: 10.3402/qhw.v9.24743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
An overemphasis on clinical trials and behavior change models has narrowed the knowledge base that can be used to design interventions. The overarching point is that the process of overanalyzing variables is impeding the process of gaining insight into the everyday experiences that shape how people define health and seek treatment. This claim is especially important to health decision-making and behavior change because subtle interpretations often influence the decisions that people make. This manuscript provides a critique of traditional approaches to developing health interventions, and theoretically justifies what and why changes are warranted. The limited scope of these models is also discussed, and an argument is made to adopt a strategy that includes the perceptions of people as necessary for understanding health and health-related decision-making. Three practical strategies are suggested to be used with the more standard approaches to assessing the effectiveness and relevance of health interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khary K Rigg
- Department of Mental Health Law & Policy, Louis de la Parte Florida Mental Health Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA;
| | - Hilary H Cook
- Social Sciences Department, Miami-Dade College, Miami, FL, USA
| | - John W Murphy
- Department of Sociology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
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10
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Parkhill MR, Norris J, Davis KC. The role of alcohol use during sexual situations in the relationship between sexual revictimization and women's intentions to engage in unprotected sex. VIOLENCE AND VICTIMS 2014; 29:492-505. [PMID: 25069152 PMCID: PMC4345170 DOI: 10.1891/0886-6708.vv-09-183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Research has demonstrated relationships among childhood sexual abuse, adult sexual assault, and sexual risk taking. This study proposes that one mechanism through which the victimization-sexual risk-taking relationship works is through an increased likelihood of drinking during sexual situations. Using path analysis, this study explores this hypothesis in a sample of 230 women. The model illustrates that women with a history of child and adult sexual victimization reported greater intentions to engage in unprotected sex and that this relationship is in part accounted for by an increased likelihood of drinking in sexual situations. The results suggest that sexual risk reduction programs and sexual assault treatment programs should educate women about the alcohol-involved sexual risk taking that often follows sexual assault victimization.
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11
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Gakumo CA, Moneyham LD, Enah CC, Childs GD. The moderating effect of sexual pressure on young urban women's condom use. Res Nurs Health 2011; 35:4-14. [PMID: 22033977 DOI: 10.1002/nur.20465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine whether women's experiences of sexual pressure moderated the relationship between sexual empowerment determinants and condom use in a sample of 100 high-risk women, ages 19-25. Five sexual empowerment determinants of condom use were identified from the literature: HIV knowledge, self-esteem, condom self-efficacy, positive attitudes toward condom use, and condom negotiation skills. Linear and logistic regression analyses revealed that positive attitudes toward condom use and condom negotiation skills were significant predictors of condom use. These relationships, however, were moderated by sexual pressure. Findings indicate that women's experiences with sexual pressure have the potential to decrease the likelihood of condom use, even though other sexually protective behaviors may be exhibited.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ann Gakumo
- University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Nursing, Nursing Building Rm. 548, 1530 3rd Ave S., Birmingham, AL 35294-1210, USA
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12
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Mallory C, Hesson-McInnis M. Pilot Test Results of an HIV Prevention Intervention for High-Risk Women. West J Nurs Res 2011; 35:313-29. [DOI: 10.1177/0193945911416134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Minority women, incarcerated women, and women using drugs or engaged in survival sex are most vulnerable to HIV. This pilot study was designed to estimate efficacy of an intervention, Women First!, to help these women correctly and consistently use male condoms. Women ( N = 74) were recruited from jails, substance-abuse treatment centers, and public health clinics, and enrolled in a randomized controlled trial with an attention-only comparison group. The intervention, based on social cognitive theory and the theory of gender and power and awakening, was delivered over 6 weeks; unprotected vaginal intercourse and correct condom use were measured before and after the intervention. Changes on the dependent variables did not rise to statistical significance due to low power, but descriptive statistics and the multivariate partial η2 effect size estimate of 0.27 suggest that Women First! is a promising intervention. Future research will require improvements in recruitment, retention, and measurement.
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13
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Gillum RF, Holt CL. Associations between religious involvement and behavioral risk factors for HIV/AIDS in American women and men in a national health survey. Ann Behav Med 2011; 40:284-93. [PMID: 20697858 DOI: 10.1007/s12160-010-9218-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), is a leading cause of death. PURPOSE We tested the hypothesis that religious variables would be inversely associated with prevalence of HIV/AIDS risk factors. METHODS A 2002 national survey included 9,837 individuals aged 15-44 years with complete data on religious involvement, sexual, and drug use behaviors. RESULTS Women who never attended services had over two times greater odds of reporting HIV risk factors than those attending weekly or more after adjusting for age and race/ethnicity (p < 0.0001) and over 60% greater after adjusting for multiple confounders, but no significant association was seen in men. Mainline Protestants had lower odds of reporting risk factors than those with no affiliation. No significant independent associations were found with importance of religion. CONCLUSIONS Women with public religious involvement had lower prevalence of any HIV risk factors while only affiliation was so associated in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- R F Gillum
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Howard University, 2041 Georgia Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20060, USA.
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14
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Reynolds GL, Fisher DG, Napper LE, Fremming BW, Jansen MA. Heterosexual Anal Sex Reported by Women Receiving HIV Prevention Services in Los Angeles County. Womens Health Issues 2010; 20:414-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.whi.2010.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2009] [Revised: 07/20/2010] [Accepted: 07/20/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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15
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Gullette DL, Rooker JL, Kennedy RL. Factors associated with sexually transmitted infections in men and women. J Community Health Nurs 2009; 26:121-30. [PMID: 19662560 DOI: 10.1080/07370010903034425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) remains a serious healthcare problem costing approximately 13 billion dollars annually to treat. Men and women who contract STIs have a higher risk for reinfection and for developing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Determining the risk factors associated with STIs in a community would be helpful in designing culturally appropriate tailored interventions to reduce spread of STIs. PURPOSE The purpose of this retrospective chart review was to determine the frequency and type of STIs, as well as to determine the predictor variables associated with STIs among those seeking treatment at a local inner city health unit. METHOD A total of 237 medical records were reviewed from a STI clinic. The sample comprised 119 men and 118 women, of whom 70.9% were African American. The mean age was 27, and 38% had a prior STI. Men used significantly more condoms (chi(2) = 24.28, p = 0.000), had more sexual partners (chi(2) = 18.36, p = 0.003), and had more prior infections of gonorrhea (chi(2) = 10.04, p =0.002) than women. Women had significantly more prior infections of Chlamydia (chi(2) = 11.74, p = 0.001). Using no type of birth control measures (pills, diaphragm, implants) was a significant predictor of number of sexual partners (t = 2.441, p < 0.015), but negatively associated with condom use (t = -12.290, p < 0.000). CONCLUSIONS Over one-third had a prior STI, indicating that individuals do not perceive themselves to be at risk for another STI, and choose not to use condoms. Reasons why individuals continue to put themselves at risk need to be explored in gender specific focus groups so that tailored sexual risk reduction programs can be designed to meet the needs of different communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna L Gullette
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, College of Nursing, 4301 West Markham Street, # 529, Little Rock, AR 72205-7199, USA.
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16
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Cazenave N, Michel G. Conduites à risques et variation de l’estime de soi chez les adolescents : l’exemple du parkour. ANNALES MEDICO-PSYCHOLOGIQUES 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2008.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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17
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Knowledge and Attitudes About HIV/AIDS Among Community-Living Older Women: Reexamining Issues of Age and Gender. J Women Aging 2008; 19:53-67. [DOI: 10.1300/j074v19n03_05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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18
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Corneille MA, Zyzniewski LE, Belgrave FZ. Age and HIV Risk and Protective Behaviors Among African American Women. JOURNAL OF BLACK PSYCHOLOGY 2008. [DOI: 10.1177/0095798408314139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Though HIV prevention efforts have focused on young adult women, women of all ages may engage in HIV risk behaviors and experience barriers to condom use. This article examines the effect of age on sexual risk and protective attitudes and behaviors among African American women. Unmarried heterosexual African American women between the ages of 18 and 61 completed pen-and-paper survey measures. Participants were recruited from three local colleges and universities and several community-based agencies including health clinics, faith-based institutions, social service agencies, and other community-based organizations in a southeastern metropolitan area. Results indicated that as age of participants increased, participants reported less frequent condom use, reported lower condom use intentions, and perceived their partner's attitudes toward condoms to be less favorable, even after controlling for the effects of relationship length, education, and partner status. As age increased, participants reported higher condom negotiation efficacy. Findings suggest that older, sexually active heterosexual women may be at higher risk than younger women for sexually transmitted infections associated with lack of condom use.
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19
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African American women's experience of infection with HIV in the rural southeastern United States. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care 2008; 19:28-36. [PMID: 18191766 DOI: 10.1016/j.jana.2007.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2007] [Accepted: 09/25/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The design of effective behavioral interventions to prevent HIV infection among African American women requires a more complete understanding of the context and circumstances that precipitate infection with the virus. A descriptive study was designed to explore African American women's experiences of infection with HIV in the rural southeastern United States. Ten women living with HIV participated in interviews. All were infected through sex with a man or men; three had engaged in high-risk activities associated with HIV infection including sex trading; seven described themselves as at low risk for infection related to serial monogamy, no injection drug use, and no history of addiction. Participants reported that desire for intimacy coupled with inaccurate risk appraisal of sex partners contributed to their infection. These results provide insight into the role of intimacy in sexual risk taking. Inquiry into how women can be assisted to protect themselves in the context of intimate relationships may improve interventions to prevent HIV.
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Klein H, Elifson KW, Sterk CE. Childhood neglect and adulthood involvement in HIV-related risk behaviors. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2007; 31:39-53. [PMID: 17207853 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2006.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2002] [Revised: 07/21/2006] [Accepted: 08/18/2006] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Much research has been done to examine the long-term effects of being victimized by sexual, physical, and/or emotional abuse in childhood, but much less research has focused on the impact of childhood neglect experiences. This study examines the role that childhood neglect has on adult women's involvement in HIV-related risky behaviors. METHODS The data come from a study of 250 "at risk" women living in the Atlanta, GA metropolitan area, most of whom were African American. Data were collected in face-to-face interviews between 1997 and 2000. Multiple regression was used to explore the relationship between childhood neglect experiences, self-esteem, attitudes toward condom use, and involvement in HIV-related risky behaviors. RESULTS Overall, the model tested received strong support by the study data. Childhood neglect led to reduced self-esteem. Neglect was associated with worsened attitudes toward condom use and women who experienced childhood neglect also reported more involvement in HIV risk behaviors. CONCLUSIONS HIV intervention programs ought to target women who have experienced childhood neglect, as neglect experiences have adverse impacts upon their self-esteem, condom-related attitudes, and HIV risk behavior practices in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugh Klein
- Department of Sociology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Elifson KW, Klein H, Sterk CE. Predictors of sexual risk-taking among new drug users. JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH 2006; 43:318-27. [PMID: 17599253 DOI: 10.1080/00224490609552331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
We studied predictors of HIV-related sexual risk-taking among individuals who initiated the use of heroin or methamphetamine during the past 5 years. Many studies have linked drug use to HIV risk and most research has been based on samples of users with long-established drug careers. We conducted face-to-face interviews with 153 adult new drug users in Atlanta, GA. Drug use was not a statistically significant predictor of sexual risk, but gender, age, race, homelessness status, childhood neglect, level of paranoia, and level of (dys)functionality in handling disagreements were associated with the frequency of sexual risk-taking. We discuss the need to incorporate new drug users in HIV/AIDS and other health-related prevention and intervention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirk W Elifson
- Georgia state University, Department of Sociology, University Plaza, General Classroom Building, Room 1041, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
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Gullette DL, Lyons MA. Sensation Seeking, Self-Esteem, and Unprotected Sex in College Students. J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care 2006; 17:23-31. [PMID: 16979512 DOI: 10.1016/j.jana.2006.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2005] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This descriptive correlational study examined the relationships of sexual sensation seeking, self-esteem, and self-efficacy in condom use, stages of change, and alcohol consumption to HIV risk-taking behaviors among college students. A total of 159 students completed an online survey in 2004. Instruments included the Sexual Sensation Seeking Scale, College Alcohol Problems Scale, Condom Use Scale, and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. High sensation seekers had higher self-esteem, more self-efficacy in condom usage, fewer problems associated with alcohol consumption, and belonged to Greek organizations (F [1,158] = 12.54; p < .0005). Women who were high sensation seekers perceived more advantages (F [1, 116] = 1.67; p = .05) than disadvantages (F [1, 116] = 2.01; p = .01) to using condoms. Men consumed significantly more alcohol and had more social problems related to alcohol use than women (F [1, 158] = 5.04; p < .03). Students in Greek organizations had significantly more positive attitudes (X(2) [1] = 4.55; p < .03) and more respect for themselves (X(2) [1] = 11.22; p < .0008) than other students and were more likely to be tested for HIV (X(2) [1] = 3.85; p < .05). Students with low self-esteem consumed more alcohol, had more sexual partners, and had more HIV risk-taking behaviors than other students. Even though students were reported to be efficacious in condom usage, they used them inconsistently with their sexual partners and were in the earlier stages of change. Interventions are needed in the community to help sexually active individuals take responsibility for their sexual health and to increase the awareness of the need to be tested for HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donna L Gullette
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, College of Nursing, Little Rock, AR, USA
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