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Costa-Santos C, Mattar GGCD, Fuziwara RA, de Araújo Peres JA, Queiroz MS. Screen Time and Hours of Sleep Influence the Estimate Risk of Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Syndrome in Healthy Young Males. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2024. [PMID: 38848280 DOI: 10.1089/met.2024.0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective: Screen time (ST) has shown negative effects on physical and mental health, with an increase in the prevalence of overweight, metabolic syndrome (MetS), and obesity. The time spent in front of the screens was also associated with higher odds of selecting indicators of cardiometabolic disease in adulthood. In view of this, the aim of this study was to identify the risk of MetS and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in healthy young males and relate it to ST and sleep time. Methods: We evaluated physical and laboratory characteristics, dichotomous diagnosis criteria, and continuous scores to assess MetS and Finnish Diabetes Risk Score questionnaire to measure the T2DM risk. Results: The means of MetS dichotomous and continuous severity criteria, among individuals with <7 hr of sleep, were higher than those with adequate sleep. We did not observe a direct impact of ST on the risk of MetS; nevertheless, >8 hr of ST increased 1.22 points in the T2DM risk. Conclusion: Excessive ST increased the risk of T2DM, but not of MetS. Moreover, sleeping <7 hr was associated with a higher mean of dichotomous and continuous severity criteria for MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Costa-Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro, São Paulo, Brazil
- Hospital de Força Aérea de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Jorge Alexandre de Araújo Peres
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro, São Paulo, Brazil
- Hospital de Força Aérea de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Márcia Silva Queiroz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro, São Paulo, Brazil
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2
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Davies C, Vaida F, Otwombe K, Cotton MF, Browne S, Innes S. Longitudinal comparison of insulin resistance and dyslipidemia in children with and without perinatal HIV infection in South Africa. AIDS 2023; 37:523-533. [PMID: 36695362 PMCID: PMC9883048 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000003452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION HIV infection is associated with insulin resistance and dyslipidaemia driven by HIV-associated immune dysregulation and antiretroviral therapy (ART). Children living with perinatally acquired HIV (CHIV) face many decades of exposure to these factors. We evaluated the longitudinal trajectory of insulin resistance and dyslipidaemia in CHIV and HIV-exposed uninfected children (CHEU), compared with children HIV-unexposed (CHU). METHODS Four hundred and eighty-five children (141 CHIV, 169 CHEU, 175 CHU) aged 5-16 years, previously part of CHER and P1060 trials, were followed annually at Tygerberg Children's Hospital, South Africa. The primary outcome was Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR). Secondary outcomes included low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, triglyceride-to-HDL ratio, android fat mass and SBP. Outcomes were evaluated using linear mixed effects models, adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS CHIV had 73% greater HOMA-IR than CHU in ages 6-8 years (95% CI 15.9-158.2%, P < 0.001), and 24.7% greater HOMA-IR than CHU in ages 9-10 years (0.3-55.1%, P = 0.04). By 10-11 years, the difference was not significant (P = 0.161). Longitudinally, triglyceride-to-HDL was 47.94% (34.50-62.73%, P < 0.001) higher in CHIV vs. CHU; LDL was 0.25 mmol/l (0.10-0.39, P = 0.001) higher in CHIV vs. CHU; android fat mass was 11.57% (-21.11 to -0.87%, P = 0.035) lower in CHIV than CHU. No significant difference in SBP was found. CHEU and CHU had similar outcomes. CONCLUSION Early-treated CHIV have elevated insulin resistance, which resolves with time. Triglyceride-to-HDL ratio and LDL cholesterol were elevated into puberty. CHIV should be monitored for insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia and subclinical cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Davies
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
| | - Florin Vaida
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, School of Public Health, University of California, San Diego, United States
| | - Kennedy Otwombe
- Perinatal HIV Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Mark F Cotton
- Family Center for Research with Ubuntu, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
| | - Sara Browne
- School of Public Health, University of California, San Diego, United States
| | - Steve Innes
- Family Center for Research with Ubuntu, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
- Desmond Tutu HIV Centre, University of Cape Town, South Africa
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Jeans MR, Ghaddar R, Vandyousefi S, Landry MJ, Gray MJ, Leidy HJ, Whittaker TA, Bray MS, Davis JN. Distinct racial and ethnic metabolic syndrome characteristics: A comparative assessment in low-income children 7-10 years of age. Pediatr Obes 2022; 17:e12925. [PMID: 35560860 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pediatric MetS prevalence varies due to lack of consensus on evaluative criteria and associated thresholds, with most not recommending a diagnosis <10 years. However, MetS risk components are becoming evident earlier in life and affect races and ethnicities disproportionately. OBJECTIVES To compare the prevalence of MetS based on existing definitions and elucidate racial- and ethnic-specific characteristics associated with MetS prevalence. METHODS The baseline and follow-up samples included 900 and 557 children 7-10 years, respectively. Waist circumference, BMI percentile, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), insulin, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were measured. Agreement between MetS definitions was quantified via kappa statistics. MetS and risk factor prevalence and the predictability of metabolic parameters on MetS eight months later was evaluated via logistic regression. McFadden pseudo-R2 was reported as a measure of predictive ability, and the Akaike information criterion evaluated fit of each model. RESULTS The baseline sample was 55.0% male and 71.6% Hispanic, followed by non-Hispanic White (NHW) (17.3%) and non-Hispanic Black (NHB) (11.1%), with an average age of 9.2 years. MetS prevalence ranged from 7.6% to 21.4%, highest in Hispanic (9.0%-24.0%) and lowest in NHB children (4.0%-14.0%). Highest agreement was between Ford et al. and Cook et al. definitions (K = 0.88) and lowest agreements were consistently with the International Diabetes Federation criteria (K ≤ 0.57). Compared to NHW children, Hispanic children had higher odds for MetS (OR: 1.7; p = 0.03) and waist circumference, HDL-C, and FPG risk factors (p < 0.05), while NHB children had higher odds for the FPG risk factor (p ≤ 0.007) and lower odds for the plasma triglycerides risk factor (p = 0.002), across multiple MetS definitions. In longitudinal analyses, HDL-C was the strongest independent predictor of MetS in Hispanic and NHW children (p < 0.001 and p < 0.01, respectively), while plasma triglycerides was the strongest independent predictor of MetS in NHB children (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS MetS prevalence was high in children ≤10 years, and proposed criteria are susceptible to racial and ethnic bias, diagnosing some populations more than other populations with high cardiovascular risk. Earlier preventative measures should be imposed in clinical settings, accounting for racial and ethnic differences, to mitigate disease onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Jeans
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Reem Ghaddar
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Sarvenaz Vandyousefi
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Matthew J Landry
- Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford Prevention Research Center, Palo Alto, California, USA
| | - Megan J Gray
- Department of Pediatrics, Dell Medical Center, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Heather J Leidy
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Dell Medical Center, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Tiffany A Whittaker
- Department of Educational Psychology, College of Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Molly S Bray
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Jaimie N Davis
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
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Bister L, Janssen F, Vogt T. Early-life exposure to economic stress and metabolic risks in young adulthood: the children of the reunification in East Germany. J Epidemiol Community Health 2022; 76:786-791. [PMID: 35738894 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2021-218637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research on the long-term health consequences of early-life exposure to economic crises is scarce. We examine for the first time the long-term effects of early-life exposure to an economic crisis on metabolic health risks. We study objective health measures, and exploit the quasi-experimental situation of the postreunification economic crisis in East Germany. METHODS Data were drawn from two waves of the longitudinal German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (2003-2006, 2014-2017). We compared 392 East Germans who were exposed to the economic crisis in utero and at ages 0-5 with 1123 of their West German counterparts using propensity score matching on individual and family characteristics. We assessed blood pressure, cholesterol, blood fat and body mass index (BMI); both combined as above-average metabolic health risks and individually at ages 19-30. RESULTS Early-life exposure to the economic crisis significantly increased the number of above-average metabolic health risks in young adulthood by 0.1482 (95% CI 0.0169 to 0.2796), which was 5.8% higher compared with no exposure. Among individuals exposed in utero, only females showed significant effects. Early-life exposure to the economic crisis was associated with increased systolic (0.9969, 95% CI -0.2806 to 2.2743) and diastolic blood pressure (0.6786, 95% CI -0.0802 to 1.4373), and with increased BMI (0.0245, 95% CI -0.6516 to 0.7001). CONCLUSION The increased metabolic health risks found for women exposed to the postreunification economic crisis in-utero are likely attributable to increased economic stress. While the observed differences are small, they may foreshadow the emergence of greater health disparities in older age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Bister
- Population Research Centre, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Fanny Janssen
- Population Research Centre, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Netherlands Interdisciplinary Demographic Institute - KNAW / University of Groningen, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Tobias Vogt
- Population Research Centre, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy for Higher Education, Manipal, India
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Pérez-Castro E, Godínez-Jaimes F, Vázquez-Medina MU, Ocharan-Hernández ME, Vargas-De-León C. Derivation and validation of sex-specific continuous metabolic syndrome scores for the Mexican adult population. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9659. [PMID: 35688913 PMCID: PMC9187334 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10963-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditionally the diagnosis of Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is binary (present/absent). The goal of this work is to propose a sex-specific continuous score to measure the severity of MetS in Mexican adults using waist circumference and body mass index as adiposity measures. MetSx-WC and MetSx-BMI indexes by sex were derived by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) using data for 6567 adult participants of the National Health and Nutrition Survey 2018. The overall fit of the two proposed CFA models was excellent. We then validated these scores using a community-based health study of 862 university participants and determined that the reliability and strength of agreement between the MetSx-WC and MetSx-BMI scores were excellent. The ROC analysis of the resulting indexes indicates that they have excellent ability to discriminate a MetS classification according to the different criteria. The correlations of MetSx scores and surrogate markers of insulin resistance and obesity ranged from weak to strong. Subsequently, a retrospective study of 310 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 was used to determined that MetSx-BMI score was associated with the mortality of patients with COVID-19. The proposed indices provide a continuous measure in the identification of MetS risk in Mexican adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Pérez-Castro
- Maestría en Matemáticas Aplicadas, Facultad de Matemáticas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, Mexico
| | - Flaviano Godínez-Jaimes
- Maestría en Matemáticas Aplicadas, Facultad de Matemáticas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, Mexico
| | - Martín Uriel Vázquez-Medina
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico.,Departamento de Investigación, Hospital Central Militar, Secretaria de la Defensa Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - María Esther Ocharan-Hernández
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Cruz Vargas-De-León
- Maestría en Matemáticas Aplicadas, Facultad de Matemáticas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, Mexico. .,Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico. .,Divisón de Investigación, Hospital Juárez de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Zhou F, Sun X, Liu J, Li L, Li L, Li P. Triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio in adolescence as a predictive marker of metabolic syndrome and obesity in early adulthood in China. Endocrine 2022; 76:331-340. [PMID: 35254638 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-022-03014-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore serum triglyceride (TG) to high-density cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio as a diagnostic marker of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adolescents and its efficacy in predicting MetS and obesity in the early adulthood. METHODS A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select a total of 935 subjects from senior and junior high schools in Liaoyang, northeast China. The subjects were physically examined and laboratory evaluation was performed. A follow-up examination was performed after 5 years on some (n = 93) of the subjects who had reached adulthood. RESULTS TG/HDL-C had significantly high diagnostic accuracy for MetS than HOMA-IR, TG or HDL-C. Subjects with the highest TG/HDL-C at baseline had higher risk of MetS (odds ratio [OR] = 11.65) and obesity (OR = 4.32) in early adulthood. CONCLUSION TG/HDL-C ratio has a strong and independent ability in diagnosing MetS in adolescents and predicting the occurrence of MetS and obesity in their early adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110022, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoshi Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110022, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi 'an Jiaotong University, Xi 'an, Shanxi province, People's Republic of China
| | - Linlin Li
- Department of Academic affairs, Shenyang Open University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110022, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110022, People's Republic of China.
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de Lamas C, Kalén A, Anguita-Ruiz A, Pérez-Ferreirós A, Picáns-Leis R, Flores K, Moreno LA, Bueno G, Gil Á, Gil-Campos M, Aguilera CM, Leis R. Progression of metabolic syndrome and associated cardiometabolic risk factors from prepuberty to puberty in children: The PUBMEP study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1082684. [PMID: 36601007 PMCID: PMC9806164 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1082684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of clinical and metabolic alterations related to the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Metabolic changes occurring during puberty, especially in children with overweight and obesity, can influence the risk of developing chronic diseases, especially CVD. METHODS Longitudinal study based on the follow-up until puberty of a cohort of 191 prepubertal Spanish boys and girls without congenital, chronic, or inflammatory diseases: undernutrition: or intake of any drug that could alter blood glucose, blood pressure, or lipid metabolism. The following parameters were used to determine the presence of MetS: obesity, hypertension, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and low HDL-c. RESULTS A total of 75·5% of participants stayed in the same BMI category from prepuberty to puberty, whereas 6·3% increased by at least one category. The prevalence of MetS was 9·1% (prepubertal stage) and 11·9% (pubertal stage). The risk of presenting alterations in puberty for systolic blood pressure (SBP), plasma triacylglycerols, HDL cholesterol (HDL-c), and HOMA-IR was significantly higher in those participants who had the same alterations in prepuberty. MetS prevalence in puberty was predicted by sex and levels of HOMA-IR, BMI-z, and waist circumference in the prepubertal stage, in the whole sample: in puberty, the predictors were levels of HOMA-IR, BMI-z, and diastolic blood pressure in participants with obesity. Two fast-and-frugal decision trees were built to predict the risk of MetS in puberty based on prepuberty HOMA-IR (cutoff 2·5), SBP (cutoff 106 mm of Hg), and TAG (cutoff 53 mg/dl). DISCUSSION Controlling obesity and cardiometabolic risk factors, especially HOMA-IR and blood pressure, in children during the prepubertal stage appears critical to preventing pubertal MetS effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmela de Lamas
- Unit of Investigation in Human Nutrition, Growth and Development of Galicia (GALINUT), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Pediatric Nutrition Research Group, Institute of Sanitary Research of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago - University of Santiago de Compostela (CHUS–USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Anton Kalén
- Unit of Investigation in Human Nutrition, Growth and Development of Galicia (GALINUT), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Pediatric Nutrition Research Group, Institute of Sanitary Research of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago - University of Santiago de Compostela (CHUS–USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Augusto Anguita-Ruiz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Armilla, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs, Granada, Spain
- The Center for Biomedical Research Network Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alexandra Pérez-Ferreirós
- Unit of Investigation in Human Nutrition, Growth and Development of Galicia (GALINUT), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Pediatric Nutrition Research Group, Institute of Sanitary Research of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago - University of Santiago de Compostela (CHUS–USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Rosaura Picáns-Leis
- Unit of Investigation in Human Nutrition, Growth and Development of Galicia (GALINUT), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Pediatric Nutrition Research Group, Institute of Sanitary Research of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago - University of Santiago de Compostela (CHUS–USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Unit of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Pediatric Service, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Katherine Flores
- The Center for Biomedical Research Network Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Metabolism and Investigation Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Maimónides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Luis A. Moreno
- The Center for Biomedical Research Network Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research group, University of Zaragoza, Institute of Sanitary Research of Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
- Agri-food Institute of Aragon (IA2), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Gloria Bueno
- The Center for Biomedical Research Network Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research group, University of Zaragoza, Institute of Sanitary Research of Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
- Agri-food Institute of Aragon (IA2), Zaragoza, Spain
- Unit of Pediatric Endocrinology, University Clinical Hospital Lozano Blesa, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ángel Gil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Armilla, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs, Granada, Spain
- The Center for Biomedical Research Network Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Gil-Campos
- The Center for Biomedical Research Network Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Metabolism and Investigation Unit, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Maimónides Institute for Biomedical Research of Córdoba (IMIBIC), University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Concepción M. Aguilera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Center of Biomedical Research, University of Granada, Armilla, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs, Granada, Spain
- The Center for Biomedical Research Network Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Concepción M. Aguilera,
| | - Rosaura Leis
- Unit of Investigation in Human Nutrition, Growth and Development of Galicia (GALINUT), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Pediatric Nutrition Research Group, Institute of Sanitary Research of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago - University of Santiago de Compostela (CHUS–USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- The Center for Biomedical Research Network Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Unit of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Pediatric Service, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago (CHUS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Xiong Y, Zhang Y, Zhang F, Wu C, Qin F, Yuan J. Prevalence and associated factors of metabolic syndrome in Chinese middle-aged and elderly population: a national cross-sectional study. Aging Male 2021; 24:148-159. [PMID: 34751610 DOI: 10.1080/13685538.2021.1998432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, China has an increasingly aging population. However, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in this high-risk population for metabolic diseases remains unknown. This study investigates the age- and gender-specific prevalence and associated factors of MetS in the middle-aged and elderly Chinese population. METHODS Data were collected and subjected to descriptive statistics. Further, univariate logistic regression was used to evaluate the relevant factors, and then multivariate logistic regression was selected to construct the final model. RESULTS A total of 10,834 participants were included in the present study. The overall prevalence of MetS is 32.97% as defined by International Diabetes Federation (IDF) and 29.75% under National Cholesterol Education Program-The Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) criteria. With aging, the prevalence of MetS descends in males while ascends in females. In the >70 years old group, the prevalence of MetS is three times higher in females than that in males (50.43% versus 16.03%). Across all age groups and sexes, the prevalence of MetS in urban areas is significantly higher than in rural areas. Besides, regardless of gender, the prevalence of MetS is the highest for those living in the north region (28.41% for males and 51.74% for females) and the lowest for those living in the southwest region (13.91% for males and 31.58% for females). Finally, an afternoon nap has been identified as a positively associated factor, while blood urea nitrogen (BUN) has been identified as a negatively associated factor (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The prevalence of MetS varies in different age groups, sexes, living areas, and regions. An afternoon nap is positively associated with the prevalence of MetS, while BUN is negatively associated with MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xiong
- Andrology Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yangchang Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fuxun Zhang
- Andrology Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Changjing Wu
- Andrology Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng Qin
- Andrology Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiuhong Yuan
- Andrology Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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9
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Hoopes EK, Witman MA, D'Agata MN, Berube FR, Brewer B, Malone SK, Grandner MA, Patterson F. Rest-activity rhythms in emerging adults: implications for cardiometabolic health. Chronobiol Int 2021; 38:543-556. [PMID: 33435741 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2020.1868490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Emerging adulthood (18-25 years) represents a window of opportunity to modify the trajectory of cardiometabolic disease risk into older adulthood. Not known is the extent to which rest-activity rhythms (RAR) may be related to biomarkers of cardiometabolic health in this population. In this cross-sectional, observational study, 52 healthy emerging adults wore wrist accelerometers (14 consecutive days; 24 h/day) for assessment of nonparametric RAR metrics, including interdaily stability (IS; day-to-day RAR consistency), intradaily variability (IV; within-day RAR fragmentation), and relative amplitude (RA; robustness of RAR), as well as autocorrelation (correlation of rest/activity levels at 24-h lag-times). Cardiometabolic biomarkers, including body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage, blood pressure (BP), fasting lipids, glucose, and C-reactive protein (CRP) were assessed. Additional measures including physical activity, sleep duration, and habitual caffeine and alcohol consumption were also evaluated. A series of multivariable regression models of cardiometabolic biomarkers were used to quantify associations with RAR metrics. On average, participants were 20 ± 1 years of age (21 males, 31 females), non-obese, and non-hypertensive. All were nonsmokers and free of major diseases or conditions. In separate models, which adjusted for sex, BMI, moderate-vigorous physical activity, sleep duration, caffeine, and alcohol consumption, IS was inversely associated with total cholesterol (p ≤ 0.01) and non-HDL cholesterol (p < .05), IV was positively associated with CRP (p < .05), and autocorrelation was inversely associated with total cholesterol (p < .05) and CRP (p < .05). Conversely, associations between RA and cardiometabolic biomarkers were nonsignificant after adjustment for BMI, alcohol, and caffeine consumption. In conclusion, RAR metrics, namely, a higher IS, lower IV, and higher autocorrelation, emerged as novel biomarkers associated with more favorable indices of cardiometabolic health in this sample of apparently healthy emerging adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elissa K Hoopes
- College of Health Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Melissa A Witman
- College of Health Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | | | - Felicia R Berube
- College of Health Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Benjamin Brewer
- College of Health Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Susan K Malone
- Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Freda Patterson
- College of Health Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
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10
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Razavi AC, Wong N, Budoff M, Bazzano LA, Kelly TN, He J, Fernandez C, Lima J, Polak JF, Mongraw-Chaffin M, deFilippi C, Szklo M, Bertoni AG, Blumenthal RS, Blaha MJ, Whelton SP. Predicting Long-Term Absence of Coronary Artery Calcium in Metabolic Syndrome and Diabetes: The MESA Study. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2021; 14:219-229. [PMID: 33129732 PMCID: PMC7796947 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2020.06.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to identify predictors of healthy arterial aging (long-term coronary artery calcification [CAC] of 0) among individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS) or type 2 diabetes (T2D), which may improve primary prevention strategies. BACKGROUND Individuals with MetS or T2D have a heterogeneously increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and not all have a high-intermediate risk. METHODS We included 574 participants from the MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) with MetS or T2D who had CAC=0 at baseline and a repeat CAC scan 10 years later. Multivariable logistic regression assessed the association of traditional and novel atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk factors and the MetS severity score (based on the 5 MetS criteria) with healthy arterial aging. RESULTS The mean age of participants was 58.9 years, 67% were women, 422 participants had MetS, and 152 had T2D. The proportion with long-term CAC=0 was similar for MetS (42%) and T2D (44%). A younger age was the only individual low/normal traditional risk factor associated with an increased likelihood of long-term CAC=0 (odds ratio [OR]: 1.50; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.22 to 1.85 per 10-years younger). The strongest associations of nontraditional risk factors were observed for an absence of thoracic calcification (OR: 2.42; 95% CI: 1.24 to 4.72), absence of carotid plaque (OR: 1.81; 95% CI: 1.25 to 2.61), and among persons with a high sensitivity troponin <3 ng/ml (OR: 1.55; 95% CI: 1.01 to 2.38). In addition, persons with the lowest quartile MetS severity score had a substantially higher odds of healthy long-term CAC=0 (OR: 2.71; 95% CI: 1.27 to 5.76). CONCLUSIONS More than 40% of adults with MetS or T2D and baseline CAC=0 had long-term absence of CAC, which was most strongly associated with an absence of extracoronary atherosclerosis and a low MetS score. An optimal overall cardiovascular profile appears to be more important than an ideal value of any individual risk factor to maintain healthy arterial aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander C Razavi
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana; Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Nathan Wong
- University of California Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, California
| | - Matthew Budoff
- Los Angeles Biomedical Research Center, Torrance, California
| | - Lydia A Bazzano
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana; Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Tanika N Kelly
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Jiang He
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana; Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Camilo Fernandez
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana; Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Joao Lima
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | | | | | - Moyses Szklo
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Alain G Bertoni
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Roger S Blumenthal
- The Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Michael J Blaha
- The Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Seamus P Whelton
- The Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
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11
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Several chronic inflammatory skin disorders have been linked to metabolic syndrome (MetS) and an increased risk for cardiovascular disease. In this review, we will summarize the recent evidence on the association between psoriasis, hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), and atopic dermatitis (AD) and metabolic syndrome with careful attention to this association among the pediatric population. RECENT FINDINGS Historically, psoriasis has exhibited the most robust association with MetS in the literature. Recent studies show that the prevalence of MetS appears to be higher among patients with HS and can be associated with MetS even in mild disease. A relationship between AD and MetS is still under debate, but research has shown a clear link between pediatric AD and being overweight or obese. SUMMARY There are no current consensus guidelines for metabolic syndrome in the pediatric population, and its clinical implications in children are still unclear. Nevertheless, providers should be aware of the shared underlying inflammatory state and link between several cutaneous disorders and metabolic syndrome. Early diagnosis and proper disease management of these at risk populations has the potential to assist in disease control and mitigate future cardiovascular disease.
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12
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Lee K. Comparison of Body Mass Index Percentiles to Detect Metabolic Syndrome Using the Korean, United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and World Health Organization References in Korean Children Aged 10–16 Years. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2019; 17:210-216. [DOI: 10.1089/met.2018.0126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kayoung Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
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13
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Abstract
The continued rise of pediatric obesity globally has raised concerns for related sequalae. One marker of risk is the metabolic syndrome, a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors that is associated with future cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. MetS has at its core visceral adipocytes exhibiting dysfunction as a result of excess fat content. MetS in children and adolescents is linked to unhealthy lifestyle practices such as sedentary lifestyles and excess consumption calories. As such, the optimal means of addressing MetS is targeting a decrease in adiposity through lifestyle modification, a decrease in MetS following increases in physical activity and improvements in the quality and content of food intake. Efforts remain needed in increasing motivation to these changes and maintaining adherence to avoid long-term sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda X Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Matthew J Gurka
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Mark D Deboer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA -
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14
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Lemieux I. Metabolic Syndrome Diagnosis: The Sooner the Better. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2018; 16:205-207. [PMID: 29672199 DOI: 10.1089/met.2018.0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Lemieux
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec - Université Laval , Québec, Canada
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