1
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Glomb C, Wilhelmi M, Strauß S, Zippusch S, Klingenberg M, Aper T, Vogt PM, Ruhparwar A, Helms F. Fabrication and biomechanical characterization of a spider silk reinforced fibrin-based vascular prosthesis. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2024; 152:106433. [PMID: 38316085 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
With fibrin-based vascular prostheses, vascular tissue engineering offers a promising approach for the fabrication of biologically active regenerative vascular grafts. As a potentially autologous biomaterial, fibrin exhibits excellent hemo- and biocompatibility. However, the major problem in the use of fibrin constructs in vascular tissue engineering, which has so far prevented their widespread clinical application, is the insufficient biomechanical stability of unprocessed fibrin matrices. In this proof-of-concept study, we investigated to what extent the addition of a spider silk network into the wall structure of fibrin-based vascular prostheses leads to an increase in biomechanical stability and an improvement in the biomimetic elastic behavior of the grafts. For the fabrication of hybrid prostheses composed of fibrin and spider silk, a statically cast tubular fibrin matrix was surrounded with an envelope layer of Trichonephila edulis silk using a custom built coiling machine. The fibrin matrix was then compacted and pressed into the spider silk network by transluminal balloon compression. This manufacturing process resulted in a hybrid prosthesis with a luminal diameter of 4 mm. Biomechanical characterization revealed a significant increase in biomechanical stability of spider silk reinforced grafts compared to exclusively compacted fibrin segments with a mean burst pressure of 362 ± 74 mmHg vs. 213 ± 14 mmHg (p < 0.05). Dynamic elastic behavior of the spider silk reinforced grafts was similar to native arteries. In addition, the coiling with spider silk allowed a significant increase in suture retention strength and resistance to external compression without compromising the endothelialization capacity of the grafts. Thus, spider silk reinforcement using the abluminal coiling technique represents an efficient and reproducible technique to optimize the biomechanical behavior of small-diameter fibrin-based vascular grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Glomb
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Hannover Medical School, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mathias Wilhelmi
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Hannover Medical School, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625, Hannover, Germany; Department of Vascular- and Endovascular Surgery, St. Bernward Hospital, Hildesheim, Germany
| | - Sarah Strauß
- Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sarah Zippusch
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Hannover Medical School, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625, Hannover, Germany; Division for Cardiothoracic-, Transplantation- and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Melanie Klingenberg
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Hannover Medical School, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625, Hannover, Germany; Division for Cardiothoracic-, Transplantation- and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Aper
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Hannover Medical School, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625, Hannover, Germany; Division for Cardiothoracic-, Transplantation- and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Peter M Vogt
- Department of Plastic, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Arjang Ruhparwar
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Hannover Medical School, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625, Hannover, Germany; Division for Cardiothoracic-, Transplantation- and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Florian Helms
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Hannover Medical School, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625, Hannover, Germany; Division for Cardiothoracic-, Transplantation- and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
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2
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Cevik M, Dikici S. Development of tissue-engineered vascular grafts from decellularized parsley stems. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:338-350. [PMID: 38088147 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm01236k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are mostly associated with narrowing or blockage of blood vessels, and it is the most common cause of death worldwide. The use of vascular grafts is a promising approach to bypass or replace the blocked vessels for long-term treatment. Although autologous arteries or veins are the most preferred tissue sources for vascular bypass, the limited presence and poor quality of autologous vessels necessitate seeking alternative biomaterials. Recently, synthetic grafts have gained attention as an alternative to autologous grafts. However, the high failure rate of synthetic grafts has been reported primarily due to thrombosis, atherosclerosis, intimal hyperplasia, or infection. Thrombosis, the main reason for failure upon implantation, is associated with damage or absence of endothelial cell lining in the vascular graft's luminal surface. To overcome this, tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) have come into prominence. Alongside the well-established scaffold manufacturing techniques, decellularized plant-based constructs have recently gained significant importance and are an emerging field in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Accordingly, in this study, we demonstrated the fabrication of tubular scaffolds from decellularized parsley stems and recellularized them with human endothelial cells to be used as a potential TEVG. Our results suggested that the native plant DNA was successfully removed, and soft tubular biomaterials were successfully manufactured via the chemical decellularization of the parsley stems. The decellularized parsley stems showed suitable mechanical and biological properties to be used as a TEVG material, and they provided a suitable environment for the culture of human endothelial cells to attach and create a pseudo endothelium prior to implantation. This study is the first one to demonstrate the potential of the parsley stems to be used as a potential TEVG biomaterial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Cevik
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Education, Izmir Institute of Technology, 35430, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Serkan Dikici
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Izmir Institute of Technology, 35430, Izmir, Turkey.
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3
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Wonski BT, Patel B, Tepper DG, Siddiqui A, Kabbani LS, Lam MT. Adipose-derived stem cells significantly increases collagen level and fiber maturity in patient-specific biological engineered blood vessels. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0291766. [PMID: 37738272 PMCID: PMC10516413 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering has driven significant research in the strive to create a supply of tissues for patient treatment. Cell integration into engineered tissues maximizes functional capabilities, however, issues of rejection remain. Autologous cell sources able to solve this issue are difficult to identify for tissue engineering purposes. Here, we present the efficacy of patient-sourced cells derived from adipose (adipose-derived stem cells, ASCs) and skin tissue (dermal fibroblasts, PtFibs) to build a combined engineered tunica media and adventitia graft, respectively. Patient cells were integrated into our lab's vascular tissue engineering technique of forming vascular rings that are stacked into a tubular structure to create the vascular graft. For the media layer, ASCs were successfully differentiated into the smooth muscle phenotype using angiotensin II followed by culture in smooth muscle growth factors, evidenced by significantly increased expression of αSMA and myosin light chain kinase. Engineered media vessels composed of differentiated ASCs (ASC-SMCs) exhibited an elastic modulus (45.2 ± 18.9 kPa) between that of vessels of undifferentiated ASCs (71.8 ± 35.3 kPa) and control human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs; 18.7 ± 5.49 kPa) (p<0.5). Tensile strength of vessels composed of ASCs (41.3 ± 15.7 kPa) and ASC-SMCs (37.3 ± 17.0 kPa) were higher compared to vessels of HASMCs (28.4 ± 11.2 kPa). ASC-based tissues exhibited a significant increase in collagen content and fiber maturity- both factors contribute to tissue strength and stability. Furthermore, vessels gained stability and a more-uniform single-tubular shape with longer-term 1-month culture. This work demonstrates efficacy of ASCs and PtFibs to create patient-specific vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan T. Wonski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Bijal Patel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Donna G. Tepper
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Aamir Siddiqui
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Loay S. Kabbani
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Mai T. Lam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
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4
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Yang GH, Kang D, An S, Ryu JY, Lee K, Kim JS, Song MY, Kim YS, Kwon SM, Jung WK, Jeong W, Jeon H. Advances in the development of tubular structures using extrusion-based 3D cell-printing technology for vascular tissue regenerative applications. Biomater Res 2022; 26:73. [PMID: 36471437 PMCID: PMC9720982 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-022-00321-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Until recent, there are no ideal small diameter vascular grafts available on the market. Most of the commercialized vascular grafts are used for medium to large-sized blood vessels. As a solution, vascular tissue engineering has been introduced and shown promising outcomes. Despite these optimistic results, there are limitations to commercialization. This review will cover the need for extrusion-based 3D cell-printing technique capable of mimicking the natural structure of the blood vessel. First, we will highlight the physiological structure of the blood vessel as well as the requirements for an ideal vascular graft. Then, the essential factors of 3D cell-printing including bioink, and cell-printing system will be discussed. Afterwards, we will mention their applications in the fabrication of tissue engineered vascular grafts. Finally, conclusions and future perspectives will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gi Hoon Yang
- Research Institute of Additive Manufacturing and Regenerative Medicine, Baobab Healthcare Inc, 55 Hanyangdaehak-Ro, Ansan, Gyeonggi-Do 15588 South Korea
| | - Donggu Kang
- Research Institute of Additive Manufacturing and Regenerative Medicine, Baobab Healthcare Inc, 55 Hanyangdaehak-Ro, Ansan, Gyeonggi-Do 15588 South Korea
| | - SangHyun An
- Preclinical Research Center, K Medi-hub, 80 Cheombok-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu, 41061 South Korea
| | - Jeong Yeop Ryu
- grid.258803.40000 0001 0661 1556Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 130 Dongdeok‑ro, Jung‑gu, Daegu, 41944 South Korea
| | - KyoungHo Lee
- Preclinical Research Center, K Medi-hub, 80 Cheombok-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu, 41061 South Korea
| | - Jun Sik Kim
- Preclinical Research Center, K Medi-hub, 80 Cheombok-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu, 41061 South Korea
| | - Moon-Yong Song
- Medical Safety Center, Bio Division, Korea Conformity Laboratories 8, Gaetbeol-ro 145beon-gil, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21999 South Korea
| | - Young-Sik Kim
- Medical Safety Center, Bio Division, Korea Conformity Laboratories 8, Gaetbeol-ro 145beon-gil, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21999 South Korea
| | - Sang-Mo Kwon
- grid.262229.f0000 0001 0719 8572Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Laboratory for Vascular Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Medical Research Institute, Immunoregulatory Therapeutics Group in Brain Busan 21 Project, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 626-870 South Korea
| | - Won-Kyo Jung
- grid.412576.30000 0001 0719 8994Division of Biomedical Engineering and Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Daeyeon-dong, Nam-gu, Busan, 48513 South Korea
| | - Woonhyeok Jeong
- grid.412091.f0000 0001 0669 3109Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University College of Medicine, 1035 Dalgubeol-daero, Dalseo-gu, Daegu, 42601 South Korea
| | - Hojun Jeon
- Research Institute of Additive Manufacturing and Regenerative Medicine, Baobab Healthcare Inc, 55 Hanyangdaehak-Ro, Ansan, Gyeonggi-Do 15588 South Korea
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5
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Mitchell TC, Feng NL, Lam YT, Michael P, Santos M, Wise SG. Engineering vascular bioreactor systems to closely mimic physiological forces in vitro. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B: REVIEWS 2022. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2022.0158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy C Mitchell
- The University of Sydney, 4334, School of Medical Sciences, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,
| | - Nicolas L Feng
- The University of Sydney, 4334, School of Medical Sciences, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,
| | - Yuen Ting Lam
- The University of Sydney, 4334, School of Medical Sciences, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,
| | - Praveesuda Michael
- The University of Sydney, 4334, School of Medical Sciences, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,
| | - Miguel Santos
- The University of Sydney, 4334, School of Medical Sciences, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,
| | - Steven G Wise
- The University of Sydney, 4334, School of Medical Sciences, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,
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6
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Mohapatra SR, Rama E, Melcher C, Call T, Al Enezy-Ulbrich MA, Pich A, Apel C, Kiessling F, Jockenhoevel S. From In Vitro to Perioperative Vascular Tissue Engineering: Shortening Production Time by Traceable Textile-Reinforcement. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2022; 19:1169-1184. [PMID: 36201158 PMCID: PMC9679079 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-022-00482-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The production of tissue-engineered vascular graft (TEVG) usually involves a prolonged bioreactor cultivation period of up to several weeks to achieve maturation of extracellular matrix and sufficient mechanical strength. Therefore, we aimed to substantially shorten this conditioning time by combining a TEVG textile scaffold with a recently developed copolymer reinforced fibrin gel as a cell carrier. We further implemented our grafts with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents to allow the in-vitro monitoring of the TEVG’s remodeling process. Methods: Biodegradable polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) was electrospun onto a non-degradable polyvinylidene fluoride scaffold and molded along with copolymer-reinforced fibrin hydrogel and human arterial cells. Mechanical tests on the TEVGs were performed both instantly after molding and 4 days of bioreactor conditioning. The non-invasive in vitro monitoring of the PLGA degradation and the novel imaging of fluorinated thermoplastic polyurethane (19F-TPU) were performed using 7T MRI. Results: After 4 days of close loop bioreactor conditioning, 617 ± 85 mmHg of burst pressure was achieved, and advanced maturation of extracellular matrix (ECM) was observed by immunohistology, especially in regards to collagen and smooth muscle actin. The suture retention strength (2.24 ± 0.3 N) and axial tensile strength (2.45 ± 0.58 MPa) of the TEVGs achieved higher values than the native arteries used as control. The contrast agents labeling of the TEVGs allowed the monitorability of the PLGA degradation and enabled the visibility of the non-degradable textile component. Conclusion: Here, we present a concept for a novel textile-reinforced TEVG, which is successfully produced in 4 days of bioreactor conditioning, characterized by increased ECM maturation and sufficient mechanical strength. Additionally, the combination of our approach with non-invasive imaging provides further insights into TEVG’s clinical application. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13770-022-00482-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurav Ranjan Mohapatra
- Department of Biohybrid and Medical Textiles (BioTex), Center for Biohybrid Medical Systems (CBMS), Institute for Applied Medical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstr. 55, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Elena Rama
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstr. 55, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christoph Melcher
- Institute for Textile Technology, RWTH Aachen University, Otto-Blumenthal-Str. 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Tobias Call
- Department of Biohybrid and Medical Textiles (BioTex), Center for Biohybrid Medical Systems (CBMS), Institute for Applied Medical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstr. 55, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Andrij Pich
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian Apel
- Department of Biohybrid and Medical Textiles (BioTex), Center for Biohybrid Medical Systems (CBMS), Institute for Applied Medical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstr. 55, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Fabian Kiessling
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstr. 55, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefan Jockenhoevel
- Department of Biohybrid and Medical Textiles (BioTex), Center for Biohybrid Medical Systems (CBMS), Institute for Applied Medical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstr. 55, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
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7
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Zizhou R, Wang X, Houshyar S. Review of Polymeric Biomimetic Small-Diameter Vascular Grafts to Tackle Intimal Hyperplasia. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:22125-22148. [PMID: 35811906 PMCID: PMC9260943 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Small-diameter artificial vascular grafts (SDAVG) are used to bypass blood flow in arterial occlusive diseases such as coronary heart or peripheral arterial disease. However, SDAVGs are plagued by restenosis after a short while due to thrombosis and the thickening of the neointimal wall known as intimal hyperplasia (IH). The specific causes of IH have not yet been deduced; however, thrombosis formation due to bioincompatibility as well as a mismatch between the biomechanical properties of the SDAVG and the native artery has been attributed to its initiation. The main challenges that have been faced in fabricating SDAVGs are facilitating rapid re-endothelialization of the luminal surface of the SDAVG and replicating the complex viscoelastic behavior of the arteries. Recent strategies to combat IH formation have been mostly based on imitating the natural structure and function of the native artery (biomimicry). Thus, most recently, developed grafts contain a multilayered structure with a designated function for each layer. This paper reviews the current polymeric, biomimetic SDAVGs in preventing the formation of IH. The materials used in fabrication, challenges, and strategies employed to tackle IH are summarized and discussed, and we focus on the multilayered structure of current SDAVGs. Additionally, the future aspects in this area are pointed out for researchers to consider in their endeavor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumbidzai Zizhou
- Center
for Materials Innovation and Future Fashion (CMIFF), School of Fashion
and Textiles, RMIT University, Brunswick 3056, Australia
| | - Xin Wang
- Center
for Materials Innovation and Future Fashion (CMIFF), School of Fashion
and Textiles, RMIT University, Brunswick 3056, Australia
| | - Shadi Houshyar
- School
of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne 3000, Australia
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8
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Helms F, Zippusch S, Aper T, Kalies S, Heisterkamp A, Haverich A, Böer U, Wilhelmi M. Mechanical stimulation induces vasa vasorum capillary alignment in a fibrin-based tunica adventitia. Tissue Eng Part A 2022; 28:818-832. [PMID: 35611972 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2022.0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Generation of bioartificial blood vessels with a physiological three-layered wall architecture is a long pursued goal in vascular tissue engineering. While considerable advances have been made to resemble the physiological tunica intima and media morphology and function in bioartificial vessels, only very few studies have targeted the generation of a tunica adventitia including its characteristic vascular network known as the vasa vasorum, which are essential for graft nutrition and integration. In healthy native blood vessels, capillary vasa vasorum are aligned longitudinally to the vessel axis. Thus, inducing longitudinal alignment of capillary tubes to generate a physiological tunica adventitia morphology and function may be advantageous in bioengineered vessels as well. In this study, we investigated the effect of two biomechanical stimulation parameters, longitudinal tension and physiological cyclic stretch, on tube alignment in capillary networks formed by self-assembly of human umbilical vein endothelial cells in tunica adventitia-equivalents of fibrin-based bioartificial blood vessels. Moreover, the effect of changes of the biomechanical environment on network remodeling after initial tube formation was analyzed. Both, longitudinal tension and cyclic stretch by pulsatile perfusion induced physiological capillary tube alignment parallel to the longitudinal vessel axis. This effect was even more pronounced when both biomechanical factors were applied simultaneously, which resulted in alignment of 57.2% ± 5.2% within 5° of the main vessel axis. Opposed to that, random tube orientation was observed in vessels incubated statically. Scanning electron microscopy showed that longitudinal tension also resulted in longitudinal alignment of fibrin fibrils, which may function as a guidance structure for directed capillary tube formation. Moreover, existing microvascular networks showed distinct remodeling in response to addition or withdrawal of mechanical stimulation with corresponding increase or decrease of the degree of alignment. With longitudinal tension and cyclic stretch, we identified two mechanical stimuli that facilitate the generation of a pre-vascularized tunica adventitia-equivalent with physiological tube alignment in bioartificial vascular grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Helms
- Hannover Medical School, 9177, Lower Saxony centre of biotechnology implant research and development (NIFE), Hannover, Niedersachsen, Germany.,Hannover Medical School, 9177, Division for Cardiothoracic-, Transplantation- and Vascular Surgery, Hannover, Niedersachsen, Germany;
| | - Sarah Zippusch
- Hannover Medical School, 9177, Lower Saxony centre of biotechnology implant research and development (NIFE), Hannover, Niedersachsen, Germany.,Hannover Medical School, 9177, Division for Cardiothoracic-, Transplantation- and Vascular Surgery, Hannover, Niedersachsen, Germany;
| | - Thomas Aper
- Hannover Medical School, 9177, Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Hannover, Niedersachsen, Germany.,Hannover Medical School, 9177, Division for Cardiothoracic-, Transplantation- and Vascular Surgery, Hannover, Niedersachsen, Germany;
| | - Stefan Kalies
- Hannover Medical School, 9177, Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Hannover, Niedersachsen, Germany.,Leibniz University Hannover, 26555, Institute of Quantum Optics, Hannover, Niedersachsen, Germany;
| | - Alexander Heisterkamp
- Hannover Medical School, 9177, Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Hannover, Niedersachsen, Germany.,Leibniz University Hannover, 26555, Institure of Quantum Optics, Hannover, Niedersachsen, Germany;
| | - Axel Haverich
- Hannover Medical School, 9177, Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Hannover, Niedersachsen, Germany.,Hannover Medical School, 9177, Division for Cardiothoracic-, Transplantation- and Vascular Surgery, Hannover, Niedersachsen, Germany;
| | - Ulrike Böer
- Hannover Medical School, 9177, Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Hannover, Niedersachsen, Germany.,Hannover Medical School, 9177, Division for Cardiothoracic-, Transplantation- and Vascular Surgery, Hannover, Niedersachsen, Germany;
| | - Mathias Wilhelmi
- Hannover Medical School, 9177, Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Hannover, Niedersachsen, Germany.,St Bernward Hospital, 14966, Department of Vascular- and Endovascular Surgery, Hildesheim, Niedersachsen, Germany;
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9
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Matveeva VG, Senokosova EA, Sevostianova VV, Khanova MY, Glushkova TV, Akentieva TN, Antonova LV, Barbarash LS. Advantages of Fibrin Polymerization Method without the Use of Exogenous Thrombin for Vascular Tissue Engineering Applications. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10040789. [PMID: 35453539 PMCID: PMC9026760 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10040789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrin is widely used in vascular tissue engineering. Typically, fibrin polymerization is initiated by adding exogenous thrombin. In this study, we proposed a protocol for the preparation of completely autologous fibrin without the use of endogenous thrombin and compared the properties of the prepared fibrin matrix with that obtained by the traditional method. Fibrinogen was obtained by ethanol precipitation followed by fibrin polymerization by adding either exogenous thrombin and calcium chloride (ExThr), or only calcium chloride (EnThr). We examined the structure, mechanical properties, thrombogenicity, degradation rate and cytocompatibility of fibrin matrices. Factor XIII (FXIII) quantitative assay was performed by ELISA, and FXIII activity was assessed by SDS-PAGE detection of γ-γ cross-links. The results show that network structure of EnThr fibrin was characterized by thinner fibers. The EnThr fibrin matrices had higher strength, stiffness and resistance to proteolytic degradation compared to ExThr fibrin. EnThr fibrin matrices exhibited less thrombogenicity in vitro than ExThr, and retained high cytocompatibility. Thus, the proposed approach has several advantages over the traditional method, namely the fabrication of a completely autologous coating material that has better mechanical properties, higher resistance to proteolysis and lower thrombogenicity.
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10
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Miller B, Sewell-Loftin MK. Mechanoregulation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 2 in Angiogenesis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 8:804934. [PMID: 35087885 PMCID: PMC8787114 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.804934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The endothelial cells that compose the vascular system in the body display a wide range of mechanotransductive behaviors and responses to biomechanical stimuli, which act in concert to control overall blood vessel structure and function. Such mechanosensitive activities allow blood vessels to constrict, dilate, grow, or remodel as needed during development as well as normal physiological functions, and the same processes can be dysregulated in various disease states. Mechanotransduction represents cellular responses to mechanical forces, translating such factors into chemical or electrical signals which alter the activation of various cell signaling pathways. Understanding how biomechanical forces drive vascular growth in healthy and diseased tissues could create new therapeutic strategies that would either enhance or halt these processes to assist with treatments of different diseases. In the cardiovascular system, new blood vessel formation from preexisting vasculature, in a process known as angiogenesis, is driven by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) binding to VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) which promotes blood vessel development. However, physical forces such as shear stress, matrix stiffness, and interstitial flow are also major drivers and effectors of angiogenesis, and new research suggests that mechanical forces may regulate VEGFR-2 phosphorylation. In fact, VEGFR-2 activation has been linked to known mechanobiological agents including ERK/MAPK, c-Src, Rho/ROCK, and YAP/TAZ. In vascular disease states, endothelial cells can be subjected to altered mechanical stimuli which affect the pathways that control angiogenesis. Both normalizing and arresting angiogenesis associated with tumor growth have been strategies for anti-cancer treatments. In the field of regenerative medicine, harnessing biomechanical regulation of angiogenesis could enhance vascularization strategies for treating a variety of cardiovascular diseases, including ischemia or permit development of novel tissue engineering scaffolds. This review will focus on the impact of VEGFR-2 mechanosignaling in endothelial cells (ECs) and its interaction with other mechanotransductive pathways, as well as presenting a discussion on the relationship between VEGFR-2 activation and biomechanical forces in the extracellular matrix (ECM) that can help treat diseases with dysfunctional vascular growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bronte Miller
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Mary Kathryn Sewell-Loftin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.,O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
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11
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Lau S, Gossen M, Lendlein A. Designing Cardiovascular Implants Taking in View the Endothelial Basement Membrane. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222313120. [PMID: 34884923 PMCID: PMC8658568 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222313120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Insufficient endothelialization of cardiovascular grafts is a major hurdle in vascular surgery and regenerative medicine, bearing a risk for early graft thrombosis. Neither of the numerous strategies pursued to solve these problems were conclusive. Endothelialization is regulated by the endothelial basement membrane (EBM), a highly specialized part of the vascular extracellular matrix. Thus, a detailed understanding of the structure–function interrelations of the EBM components is fundamental for designing biomimetic materials aiming to mimic EBM functions. In this review, a detailed description of the structure and functions of the EBM are provided, including the luminal and abluminal interactions with adjacent cell types, such as vascular smooth muscle cells. Moreover, in vivo as well as in vitro strategies to build or renew EBM are summarized and critically discussed. The spectrum of methods includes vessel decellularization and implant biofunctionalization strategies as well as tissue engineering-based approaches and bioprinting. Finally, the limitations of these methods are highlighted, and future directions are suggested to help improve future design strategies for EBM-inspired materials in the cardiovascular field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Skadi Lau
- Institute of Active Polymers and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Kantstraße 55, 14513 Teltow, Germany; (S.L.); (M.G.)
| | - Manfred Gossen
- Institute of Active Polymers and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Kantstraße 55, 14513 Teltow, Germany; (S.L.); (M.G.)
| | - Andreas Lendlein
- Institute of Active Polymers and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Kantstraße 55, 14513 Teltow, Germany; (S.L.); (M.G.)
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Correspondence:
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12
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Transluminal compression increases mechanical stability, stiffness and endothelialization capacity of fibrin-based bioartificial blood vessels. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 124:104835. [PMID: 34530301 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Fibrin is used successfully as a biological matrix in various bioengineering approaches. Its unique combination of autologous availability, hemocompatibility and biological activity makes it an almost ideal matrix material for vascular tissue engineering. However, clinical application of fibrin-based bioartificial blood vessels is still limited due to insufficient mechanical stability and stiffness of fibrin matrices. Biomechanical properties of fibrin-based constructs can potentially be modified by adjusting matrix density. Thus, as an attempt to optimize strength and elasticity of fibrin matrices for vascular tissue engineering applications, we developed a simple and reproducible method for transluminal compression of small-diameter fibrin-based vessels: After initial polymerization of high-concentration fibrin matrices in a vascular mold, vessels were compressed using an intraluminal angioplasty balloon. Vessels compacted with different pressures were compared for ultimate strength, elastic and structural properties and cellularization capacity. Transluminal compression increased fibrin network density and facilitated rapid production of homogenous vessels with a length of 10 cm. Compared to non-compressed controls, compacted fibrin vessels showed superior maximal burst pressure (199.8 mmHg vs. 94.0 mmHg), physiological elastic properties similar to the elastic behavior of natural arteries and higher luminal endothelial cell coverage (98.6% vs. 34.6%). Thus, transluminal compaction represents a suitable technique to enhance biomechanical properties of fibrin-based bioartificial vessels while preserving the biological advantages of this promising biomaterial.
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13
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Muthusamy S, Kannan S, Lee M, Sanjairaj V, Lu WF, Fuh JYH, Sriram G, Cao T. 3D bioprinting and microscale organization of vascularized tissue constructs using collagen-based bioink. Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 118:3150-3163. [PMID: 34037982 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Bioprinting three-dimensional (3D) tissue equivalents have progressed tremendously over the last decade. 3D bioprinting is currently being employed to develop larger and more physiologic tissues, and it is of particular interest to generate vasculature in biofabricated tissues to aid better perfusion and transport of nutrition. Having an advantage over manual culture systems by bringing together biological scaffold materials and cells in precise 3D spatial orientation, bioprinting could assist in placing endothelial cells in specific spatial locations within a 3D matrix to promote vessel formation at these predefined areas. Hence, in the present study, we investigated the use of bioprinting to generate tissue-level capillary-like networks in biofabricated tissue constructs. First, we developed a bioink using collagen type-1 supplemented with xanthan gum (XG) as a thickening agent. Using a commercial extrusion-based multi-head bioprinter and collagen-XG bioink, the component cells were spatially assembled, wherein the endothelial cells were bioprinted in a lattice pattern and sandwiched between bioprinted fibroblasts layers. 3D bioprinted constructs thus generated were stable, and maintained structural shape and form. Post-print culture of the bioprinted tissues resulted in endothelial sprouting and formation of interconnected capillary-like networks within the lattice pattern and between the fibroblast layers. Bioprinter-assisted spatial placement of endothelial cells resulted in fabrication of patterned prevascularized constructs that enable potential regenerative applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sathya Kannan
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Marcus Lee
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vijayavenkataraman Sanjairaj
- Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Wen Feng Lu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,NUS Centre for Additive Manufacturing (AM.NUS), National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jerry Y H Fuh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,NUS Centre for Additive Manufacturing (AM.NUS), National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gopu Sriram
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,NUS Centre for Additive Manufacturing (AM.NUS), National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tong Cao
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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14
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Zhang Q, Bosch-Rué È, Pérez RA, Truskey GA. Biofabrication of tissue engineering vascular systems. APL Bioeng 2021; 5:021507. [PMID: 33981941 PMCID: PMC8106537 DOI: 10.1063/5.0039628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death among persons aged 65 and older in the United States and many other developed countries. Tissue engineered vascular systems (TEVS) can serve as grafts for CVD treatment and be used as in vitro model systems to examine the role of various genetic factors during the CVD progressions. Current focus in the field is to fabricate TEVS that more closely resembles the mechanical properties and extracellular matrix environment of native vessels, which depends heavily on the advance in biofabrication techniques and discovery of novel biomaterials. In this review, we outline the mechanical and biological design requirements of TEVS and explore the history and recent advances in biofabrication methods and biomaterials for tissue engineered blood vessels and microvascular systems with special focus on in vitro applications. In vitro applications of TEVS for disease modeling are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - Èlia Bosch-Rué
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology (BIT), Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), Sant Cugat del Vallès 08195, Spain
| | - Román A. Pérez
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology (BIT), Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), Sant Cugat del Vallès 08195, Spain
| | - George A. Truskey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
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15
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Wen Z, Zhou H, Zhou J, Chen W, Wu Y, Lin Z. Quantitative Evaluation of Mechanical Stimulation for Tissue-Engineered Blood Vessels. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2021; 27:337-347. [PMID: 33913766 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2021.0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Functional small-diameter tissue-engineered blood vessels (TEBVs) have been developed in silico using biodegradable polymeric scaffolds under pulsatile perfusion. Accurate simulation of physiological mechanical stimulations in vitro is a crucial factor in vascular engineering. However, little is known about the patterns of mechanical stimulation on silicone tubes. This study aimed to determine the optimal mechanical conditions required for inducing circumferential deformations in silicone tubes during in vitro vascular development under pulsatile perfusion. For this purpose, we established a data acquisition (DAQ) system with a laser micrometer and pressure transducers to evaluate changes in the diameter of silicone tubes in response to pulsatile flow and validated the results on cultured TEBVs. The established DAQ system showed satisfactory reproducibility for measuring diameter variation in the in silico model. Furthermore, the hardness and thickness of the silicone tubes affected the mechanical conditioning in the three-dimensional culture system under different working pressures, frequencies, and circumferential deformations. We demonstrated a simple and reliable approach to quantify the circumferential strain and deformations to ensure optimal mechanical stimulation of the cultured TEBVs under pulsatile perfusion. Based on the results, we were able to dynamically culture dense cellularized small-diameter TEBVs. This study highlights the importance of mechanical stimulation in vascular tissue engineering. Impact statement This study demonstrated a direct and noncontact data acquisition system for quantifying the strain on the supporting silicone medium during three-dimensional tissue-engineered blood vessel culture, which can help optimize the mechanical parameters for vascular tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Wen
- Research Department of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Haohao Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jiahui Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Wanwen Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yueheng Wu
- Research Department of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhanyi Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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16
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Abstract
Tissue engineering is one of the most promising scientific breakthroughs of the late 20th century. Its objective is to produce in vitro tissues or organs to repair and replace damaged ones using various techniques, biomaterials, and cells. Tissue engineering emerged to substitute the use of native autologous tissues, whose quantities are sometimes insufficient to correct the most severe pathologies. Indeed, the patient’s health status, regulations, or fibrotic scars at the site of the initial biopsy limit their availability, especially to treat recurrence. This new technology relies on the use of biomaterials to create scaffolds on which the patient’s cells can be seeded. This review focuses on the reconstruction, by tissue engineering, of two types of tissue with tubular structures: vascular and urological grafts. The emphasis is on self-assembly methods which allow the production of tissue/organ substitute without the use of exogenous material, with the patient’s cells producing their own scaffold. These continuously improved techniques, which allow rapid graft integration without immune rejection in the treatment of severely burned patients, give hope that similar results will be observed in the vascular and urological fields.
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17
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Chen SG, Ugwu F, Li WC, Caplice NM, Petcu E, Yip SP, Huang CL. Vascular Tissue Engineering: Advanced Techniques and Gene Editing in Stem Cells for Graft Generation. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2021; 27:14-28. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2019.0264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sin-Guang Chen
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Felix Ugwu
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Wan-Chun Li
- Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, China
| | - Noel M. Caplice
- Centre for Research in Vascular Biology, Biosciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Eugen Petcu
- Griffith University School of Medicine, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Nathan, Australia
| | - Shea Ping Yip
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Chien-Ling Huang
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
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18
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Duijvelshoff R, Cabrera MS, Sanders B, Dekker S, Smits AIPM, Baaijens FPT, Bouten CVC. Transcatheter-Delivered Expandable Bioresorbable Polymeric Graft With Stenting Capacity Induces Vascular Regeneration. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 5:1095-1110. [PMID: 33294741 PMCID: PMC7691284 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2020.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
We designed a transcatheter balloon-expandable resorbable vascular graft with support capacity. After 2 months in vivo, grafts show native-like tissue reconstruction with endoluminal elastin. The concept convenes regenerative grafting, minimally invasive delivery, and clinical stenting.
As the next step in the translation of vascular tissue engineering, this study uniquely combines transcatheter delivery and in situ tissue regeneration using a novel bioresorbable electrospun polymer graft that can be implanted minimally invasively. Once delivered inside a small-diameter vessel, the electrospun microstructure supports the vessel wall, facilitates cellular infiltration, and guides organized tissue formation.
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Key Words
- BVS, bioresorbable vascular scaffold(s)
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- GPC, gel permeation chromatography
- Mw, weight-average molecular weight
- PBS, phosphate-buffered saline
- SEM, scanning electron microscopy
- SMA, smooth muscle actin
- SMC, smooth muscle cell
- T-TEVG, transcatheter tissue-engineered vascular graft
- TE, tissue engineering
- elastin
- regeneration
- tissue engineering
- transcatheter delivery
- vascular graft
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Affiliation(s)
- Renee Duijvelshoff
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Sylvia Dekker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Anthal I P M Smits
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Frank P T Baaijens
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Carlijn V C Bouten
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
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19
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Jafarihaghighi F, Ardjmand M, Mirzadeh A, Hassani MS, Parizi SS. Current challenges and future trends in manufacturing small diameter artificial vascular grafts in bioreactors. Cell Tissue Bank 2020; 21:377-403. [PMID: 32415569 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-020-09837-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of death. Vascular surgery is mainly used to solve this problem. However, the generation of a functional and suitable substitute for small diameter (< 6 mm) displacement is challengeable. Moreover, synthetic prostheses, made of polyethylene terephthalate and extended polytetrafluoroethylene show have shown insufficient performance. Therefore, the challenges dominating the use of autografts have prevented their efficient use. Tissue engineering is highlighted in regenerative medicine perhaps in aiming to address the issue of end-stage organ failure. While organs and complex tissues require the vascular supply to support the graft survival and render the bioartificial organ role, vascular tissue engineering has shown to be a hopeful method for cell implantation by the production of tissues in vitro. Bioreactors are a salient point in vascular tissue engineering due to the capability for reproducible and controlled variations showing a new horizon in blood vessel substitution. This review strives to display the overview of current concepts in the development of small-diameter by using bioreactors. In this work, we show a critical look at different factors for developing small-diameter and give suggestions for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farid Jafarihaghighi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Ardjmand
- Department of Chemical Engineering, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Abolfazl Mirzadeh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Mohammad Salar Hassani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahriar Salemi Parizi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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20
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21
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In vitro construction of artificial blood vessels using spider silk as a supporting matrix. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 101:103436. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.103436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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22
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Chen CL, Guo HR, Wang YJ, Chang HT, Pan CY, Tuan-Mu HY, Lin HC, Chen CY, Hu JJ. Combination of inductive effect of lipopolysaccharide and in situ mechanical conditioning for forming an autologous vascular graft in vivo. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10616. [PMID: 31337832 PMCID: PMC6650437 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47054-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Autologous vascular grafts have the advantages of better biocompatibility and prognosis. However, previous studies that implanted bare polymer tubes in animals to grow autologous tubular tissues were limited by their poor yield rates and stability. To enhance the yield rate of the tubular tissue, we employed a design with the addition of overlaid autologous whole blood scaffold containing lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Furthermore, we applied in vivo dynamic mechanical stimuli through cyclically inflatable silicone tube to improve the mechanical properties of the harvested tissues. The effectiveness of the modification was examined by implanting the tubes in the peritoneal cavity of rats. A group without mechanical stimuli served as the controls. After 24 days of culture including 16 days of cyclic mechanical stimuli, we harvested the tubular tissue forming on the silicone tube for analysis or further autologous interposition vascular grafting. In comparison with those without cyclic dynamic stimuli, tubular tissues with this treatment during in vivo culture had stronger mechanical properties, better smooth muscle differentiation, and more collagen and elastin expression by the end of incubation period in the peritoneal cavity. The grafts remained patent after 4 months of implantation and showed the presence of endothelial and smooth muscle cells. This model shows a new prospect for vascular tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Lin Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Occupational Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - How-Ran Guo
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Jan Wang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Tai Chang
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chui-Yi Pan
- Chest Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ho-Yi Tuan-Mu
- Department of Physical Therapy, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Chuan Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Yi Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Jia Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. .,Medical Device Innovation Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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23
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Regenerative and durable small-diameter graft as an arterial conduit. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:12710-12719. [PMID: 31182572 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1905966116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite significant research efforts, clinical practice for arterial bypass surgery has been stagnant, and engineered grafts continue to face postimplantation challenges. Here, we describe the development and application of a durable small-diameter vascular graft with tailored regenerative capacity. We fabricated small-diameter vascular grafts by electrospinning fibrin tubes and poly(ε-caprolactone) fibrous sheaths, which improved suture retention strength and enabled long-term survival. Using surface topography in a hollow fibrin microfiber tube, we enable immediate, controlled perfusion and formation of a confluent endothelium within 3-4 days in vitro with human endothelial colony-forming cells, but a stable endothelium is noticeable at 4 weeks in vivo. Implantation of acellular or endothelialized fibrin grafts with an external ultrathin poly(ε-caprolactone) sheath as an interposition graft in the abdominal aorta of a severe combined immunodeficient Beige mouse model supports normal blood flow and vessel patency for 24 weeks. Mechanical properties of the implanted grafts closely approximate the native abdominal aorta properties after just 1 week in vivo. Fibrin mediated cellular remodeling, stable tunica intima and media formation, and abundant matrix deposition with organized collagen layers and wavy elastin lamellae. Endothelialized grafts evidenced controlled healthy remodeling with delayed and reduced macrophage infiltration alongside neo vasa vasorum-like structure formation, reduced calcification, and accelerated tunica media formation. Our studies establish a small-diameter graft that is fabricated in less than 1 week, mediates neotissue formation and incorporation into the native tissue, and matches the native vessel size and mechanical properties, overcoming main challenges in arterial bypass surgery.
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24
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Ellis MW, Luo J, Qyang Y. Modeling elastin-associated vasculopathy with patient induced pluripotent stem cells and tissue engineering. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:893-901. [PMID: 30460472 PMCID: PMC6433159 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2969-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Elastin-associated vasculopathies are life-threatening conditions of blood vessel dysfunction. The extracellular matrix protein elastin endows the recoil and compliance required for physiologic arterial function, while disruption of function can lead to aberrant vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation manifesting through stenosis, aneurysm, or vessel dissection. Although research efforts have been informative, they remain incomplete as no viable therapies exist outside of a heart transplant. Induced pluripotent stem cell technology may be uniquely suited to address current obstacles as these present a replenishable supply of patient-specific material with which to study disease. The following review will cover the cutting edge in vascular smooth muscle cell modeling of elastin-associated vasculopathy, and aid in the development of human disease modeling and drug screening approaches to identify potential treatments. Vascular proliferative disease can affect up to 50% of the population throughout the world, making this a relevant and critical area of research for therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew W Ellis
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Jiesi Luo
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
- Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Yibing Qyang
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA.
- Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
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25
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Helms F, Lau S, Klingenberg M, Aper T, Haverich A, Wilhelmi M, Böer U. Complete Myogenic Differentiation of Adipogenic Stem Cells Requires Both Biochemical and Mechanical Stimulation. Ann Biomed Eng 2019; 48:913-926. [PMID: 30815762 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-019-02234-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Vascular tissue engineering of the middle layer of natural arteries requires contractile smooth muscle cells (SMC) which can be differentiated from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASC) by treatment with transforming growth factor-β, sphingosylphosphorylcholine and bone morphogenetic protein-4 (TSB). Since mechanical stimulation may support or replace TSB-driven differentiation, we investigated its effect plus TSB-treatment on SMC orientation and contractile protein expression. Tubular fibrin scaffolds with incorporated ASC or pre-differentiated SMC were exposed to pulsatile perfusion for 10 days with or without TSB. Statically incubated scaffolds served as controls. Pulsatile incubation resulted in collagen-I expression and orientation of either cell type circumferentially around the lumen as shown by alpha smooth muscle actin (αSMA), calponin and smoothelin staining as early, intermediate and late marker proteins. Semi-quantitative Westernblot analyses revealed strongly increased αSMA and calponin expression by either pulsatile (12.48-fold; p < 0.01 and 38.15-fold; p = 0.07) or static incubation plus TSB pre-treatment (8.91-fold; p < 0.05 and 37.69-fold; p < 0.05). In contrast, contractility and smoothelin expression required both mechanical and TSB stimulation since it was 2.57-fold increased (p < 0.05) only by combining pulsatile perfusion and TSB. Moreover, pre-differentiation of ASC prior to pulsatile perfusion was not necessary since it could not further increase the expression level of any marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Helms
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Hannover Medical School, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Skadi Lau
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Hannover Medical School, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,Division for Cardiothoracic-, Transplantation- and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Melanie Klingenberg
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Hannover Medical School, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,Division for Cardiothoracic-, Transplantation- and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Aper
- Division for Cardiothoracic-, Transplantation- and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Axel Haverich
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Hannover Medical School, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,Division for Cardiothoracic-, Transplantation- and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mathias Wilhelmi
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Hannover Medical School, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,Division for Cardiothoracic-, Transplantation- and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ulrike Böer
- Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development (NIFE), Hannover Medical School, Stadtfelddamm 34, 30625, Hannover, Germany. .,Division for Cardiothoracic-, Transplantation- and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
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26
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Human Pluripotent Stem Cells to Engineer Blood Vessels. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 163:147-168. [PMID: 29090328 DOI: 10.1007/10_2017_28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Development of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) is a remarkable scientific advancement that allows scientists to harness the power of regenerative medicine for potential treatment of disease using unaffected cells. PSCs provide a unique opportunity to study and combat cardiovascular diseases, which continue to claim the lives of thousands each day. Here, we discuss the differentiation of PSCs into vascular cells, investigation of the functional capabilities of the derived cells, and their utilization to engineer microvascular beds or vascular grafts for clinical application. Graphical Abstract Human iPSCs generated from patients are differentiated toward ECs and perivascular cells for use in disease modeling, microvascular bed development, or vascular graft fabrication.
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27
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Haskett DG, Saleh KS, Lorentz KL, Josowitz AD, Luketich SK, Weinbaum JS, Kokai LE, D'Amore A, Marra KG, Rubin JP, Wagner WR, Vorp DA. An exploratory study on the preparation and evaluation of a "same-day" adipose stem cell-based tissue-engineered vascular graft. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2018; 156:1814-1822.e3. [PMID: 30057192 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2018.05.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Tissue-engineered vascular grafts containing adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells offer an alternative to small-diameter vascular grafts currently used in cardiac and lower-extremity revascularization procedures. Adipose-derived, mesenchymal stem cell-infused, tissue-engineered vascular grafts have been shown to promote remodeling and vascular homeostasis in vivo and offer a possible treatment solution for those with cardiovascular disease. Unfortunately, the time needed to cultivate adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells remains a large hurdle for tissue-engineered vascular grafts as a treatment option. The purpose of this study was to determine if stromal vascular fraction (known to contain progenitor cells) seeded tissue-engineered vascular grafts would remain patent in vivo and remodel, allowing for a "same-day" process for tissue-engineered vascular graft fabrication and implantation. METHODS Stromal vascular fraction, obtained from adult human adipose tissue, was seeded within 4 hours after acquisition from the patient onto poly(ester urethane)urea bilayered scaffolds using a customized rotational vacuum seeding device. Constructs were then surgically implanted as abdominal aortic interposition grafts in Lewis rats. RESULTS Findings revealed patency in 5 of 7 implanted scaffolds at 8 weeks, along with neotissue formation and remodeling occurring in patent tissue-engineered vascular grafts. Patency was documented using angiography and gross inspection, and remodeling and vascular components were detected using immunofluorescent chemistry. CONCLUSIONS A "same-day" cell-seeded, tissue-engineered vascular graft can remain patent after implantation in vivo, with neotissue formation and remodeling occurring by 8 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren G Haskett
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Kamiel S Saleh
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Katherine L Lorentz
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | | | - Samuel K Luketich
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Justin S Weinbaum
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Lauren E Kokai
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - Antonio D'Amore
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; RiMED Foundation, Palermo, Italy
| | - Kacey G Marra
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - J Peter Rubin
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - William R Wagner
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; Center for Vascular Remodeling and Regeneration, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa
| | - David A Vorp
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; Center for Vascular Remodeling and Regeneration, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa.
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28
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Iop L, Palmosi T, Dal Sasso E, Gerosa G. Bioengineered tissue solutions for repair, correction and reconstruction in cardiovascular surgery. J Thorac Dis 2018; 10:S2390-S2411. [PMID: 30123578 PMCID: PMC6081367 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2018.04.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of cardiac alterations is still nowadays a dramatic issue in the cardiosurgical practice. Synthetic materials applied in this surgery have failed in their long-term therapeutic efficacy due to low biocompatibility and compliance, especially when used in contractile sites. In order to overcome these treatment pitfalls, novel solutions have been developed based on biological tissues. Patches in pericardium, small intestinal submucosa, as well as engineered tissues of myocardium, heart valves and blood vessels have undergone a large preclinical investigation in regenerative medicine studies. Clinical translation has been started or reached by several of these new bioengineered treatment alternatives. This review will describe the preclinical and clinical experiences realized so far with the application of biological tissues in cardiovascular surgery. It will depict the progressive steps realized in the evolution of this research, as well as it will point out the challenges yet to face in order to generate the ideal biomaterial for cardiovascular repair, corrective and reconstructive surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Iop
- Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University of Padua and Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padua, Italy
| | - Tiziana Palmosi
- Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University of Padua and Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padua, Italy
| | - Eleonora Dal Sasso
- Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University of Padua and Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padua, Italy
| | - Gino Gerosa
- Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University of Padua and Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padua, Italy
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Hielscher D, Kaebisch C, Braun BJV, Gray K, Tobiasch E. Stem Cell Sources and Graft Material for Vascular Tissue Engineering. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2018; 14:642-667. [DOI: 10.1007/s12015-018-9825-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Gökçinar-Yagci B, Yersal N, Korkusuz P, Çelebi-Saltik B. Generation of human umbilical cord vein CD146+ perivascular cell origined three-dimensional vascular construct. Microvasc Res 2018; 118:101-112. [PMID: 29550275 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Small-diameter vascular grafts are needed for the treatment of coronary artery diseases in the case of limited accessibility of the autologous vessels. Synthetic scaffolds have many disadvantages so in recent years vascular constructs (VCs) made from cellularized natural scaffolds was seen to be very promising but number of studies comprising this area is very limited. In our study, our aim is to generate fully natural triple-layered VC that constitutes all the layers of blood vessel with vascular cells. CD146+ perivascular cells (PCs) were isolated from human umbilical cord vein (HUCV) and differentiated into smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and fibroblasts. They were then combined with collagen type I/elastin/dermatan sulfate and collagen type I/fibrin to form tunica media and tunica adventitia respectively. HUCV endothelial cells (ECs) were seeded on the construct by cell sheet engineering method after fibronectin and heparin coating. Characterization of the VC was performed by immunolabeling, histochemical staining and electron microscopy (SEM and TEM). Differentiated cells were identified by means of immunofluorescent (IF) labeling. SEM and TEM analysis of VCs revealed the presence of three histologic tunicae. Collagen and elastic fibers were observed within the ECM by histochemical staining. The vascular endothelial growth factor receptor expressing ECs in tunica intima; α-SMA expressing SMCs in tunica media and; the tenascin expressing fibroblasts in tunica adventitia were detected by IF labeling. In conclusion, by combining natural scaffolds and vascular cells differentiated from CD146+ PCs, VCs can be generated layer by layer. This study will provide a preliminary blood vessel model for generation of fully natural small-diameter vascular grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beyza Gökçinar-Yagci
- Department of Stem Cell Sciences, Hacettepe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 06100, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey; Center for Stem Cell Research and Development, Hacettepe University, 06100, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nilgün Yersal
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, 06100, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Petek Korkusuz
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, 06100, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Betül Çelebi-Saltik
- Department of Stem Cell Sciences, Hacettepe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 06100, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey; Center for Stem Cell Research and Development, Hacettepe University, 06100, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey.
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31
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Patel B, Xu Z, Pinnock CB, Kabbani LS, Lam MT. Self-assembled Collagen-Fibrin Hydrogel Reinforces Tissue Engineered Adventitia Vessels Seeded with Human Fibroblasts. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3294. [PMID: 29459640 PMCID: PMC5818609 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21681-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Efforts for tissue engineering vascular grafts focuses on the tunica media and intima, although the tunica adventitia serves as the primary structural support for blood vessels. In surgery, during endarterectomies, surgeons can strip the vessel, leaving the adventitia as the main strength layer to close the vessel. Here, we adapted our recently developed technique of forming vascular tissue rings then stacking the rings into a tubular structure, to accommodate human fibroblasts to create adventitia vessels in 8 days. Collagen production and fibril cross-linking was augmented with TGF-β and ascorbic acid, significantly increasing tensile strength to 57.8 ± 3.07 kPa (p = 0.008). Collagen type I gel was added to the base fibrin hydrogel to further increase strength. Groups were: Fibrin only; 0.7 mg/ml COL; 1.7 mg/ml COL; and 2.2 mg/ml COL. The 0.7 mg/ml collagen rings resulted in the highest tensile strength at 77.0 ± 18.1 kPa (p = 0.015). Culture periods of 1–2 weeks resulted in an increase in extracellular matrix deposition and significantly higher failure strength but not ultimate tensile strength. Histological analysis showed the 0.7 mg/ml COL group had significantly more, mature collagen. Thus, a hydrogel of 0.7 mg/ml collagen in fibrin was ideal for creating and strengthening engineered adventitia vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijal Patel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Zhengfan Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Cameron B Pinnock
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Loay S Kabbani
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Mai T Lam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA. .,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
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32
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Seifu DG, Meghezi S, Unsworth L, Mequanint K, Mantovani D. Viscoelastic properties of multi-layered cellularized vascular tissues fabricated from collagen gel. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2018; 80:155-163. [PMID: 29427931 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2018.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Since collagen is one of the major extracellular matrix components in vascular tissues, its use for vascular tissue engineering has several advantages. However, collagen extraction and processing for tissue engineering application alters its structure. As a result, collagen-based vascular constructs show poor mechanical properties compared to native tissues. In this work, multi-layer (single, double, and triple) vascular tissue constructs were engineered from porcine smooth muscle cells (PSMCs) entrapped in collagen gel by concentrically and sequentially layering after compaction of the previous layer(s). The engineered tissues were matured for either 14 or 21 days to allow the collagen gel to remodel before viscoelasticity, compliance, histological, and protein expression studies were conducted. While there was no significant difference upon addition of the different layers on the elastic modulus (p > .05), the viscous modulus of the single layer construct was significantly lower than the double and triple layer constructs (p < .05). Increasing the number of layers of the cellularized collagen construct increased the wall thickness and the viscous modulus of the construct. Furthermore, the cellularized single-layer construct had a relatively high compliance, but the double and triple layer constructs had compliance values comparable to both engineered vessels and native vessels. PSMCs were uniformly distributed throughout the cross-section and expressed the anticipated marker proteins smooth muscle-α actin, calponin, and smooth muscle myosin heavy chain. Taken together, this study demonstrated the viscoelastic responsiveness of multi-layer collagen-gel based vascular tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawit G Seifu
- Dept. of Min-Met-Materials Engineering & CHU de Quebec Research Center, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Sébastien Meghezi
- Dept. of Min-Met-Materials Engineering & CHU de Quebec Research Center, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Larry Unsworth
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Kibret Mequanint
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada; Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Diego Mantovani
- Dept. of Min-Met-Materials Engineering & CHU de Quebec Research Center, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada.
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VascuTrainer: A Mobile and Disposable Bioreactor System for the Conditioning of Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts. Ann Biomed Eng 2018; 46:616-626. [PMID: 29340931 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-018-1977-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In vitro tissue engineering of vascular grafts requires dynamic conditioning in a bioreactor system for in vitro tissue maturation and remodeling to receive a mechanically adequate and hemocompatible implant. The goal of the current work was to develop a bioreactor system for the conditioning of vascular grafts which is (i) able to create a wide range of flow, pressure and frequency conditions, including physiological ones; (ii) compact and easy to assemble; (iii) transportable; (iv) disposable. The system is driven by a small centrifugal pump controlled via a custom-made control unit, which can also be operated on batteries to allow for autonomous transportation. To show the potential of the newly developed bioreactor system small-caliber vascular composite grafts (n = 5, internal diameter = 3 mm, length = 12.5 cm) were fabricated using a fibrin scaffold embedding human umbilical artery smooth muscle cells and a polyvinylidene fluoride warp-knitted macroporous mesh. Subsequently, the vascular grafts were endothelialized and mounted in the bioreactor system for conditioning. The conditioning parameters remained within the predefined range over the complete conditioning period and during operation on batteries as tested for up to 25 h. Fabrication and pre-conditioning under arterial pressure and shear stress conditions resulted in robust and hemocompatible tissue-engineered vascular grafts. Analysis of immunohistochemical stainings against extracellular matrix and cell-specific proteins revealed collagen I and collagen III deposition. The luminal surface was confluently covered with endothelial cells. The developed bioreactor system showed cytocompatibility and pH, pO2, pCO2, glucose and lactate stayed constant. Sterility was maintained during the complete fabrication process of the vascular grafts. The potential of a versatile and mobile system and its functionality by conditioning tissue-engineered vascular grafts under physiological pressure and flow conditions could be demonstrated.
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34
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Elomaa L, Yang YP. Additive Manufacturing of Vascular Grafts and Vascularized Tissue Constructs. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2017; 23:436-450. [PMID: 27981886 PMCID: PMC5652978 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2016.0348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
There is a great need for engineered vascular grafts among patients with cardiovascular diseases who are in need of bypass therapy and lack autologous healthy blood vessels. In addition, because of the severe worldwide shortage of organ donors, there is an increasing need for engineered vascularized tissue constructs as an alternative to organ transplants. Additive manufacturing (AM) offers great advantages and flexibility of fabrication of cell-laden, multimaterial, and anatomically shaped vascular grafts and vascularized tissue constructs. Various inkjet-, extrusion-, and photocrosslinking-based AM techniques have been applied to the fabrication of both self-standing vascular grafts and porous, vascularized tissue constructs. This review discusses the state-of-the-art research on the use of AM for vascular applications and the key criteria for biomaterials in the AM of both acellular and cellular constructs. We envision that new smart printing materials that can adapt to their environment and encourage rapid endothelialization and remodeling will be the key factor in the future for the successful AM of personalized and dynamic vascular tissue applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Elomaa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Yunzhi Peter Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University School of Engineering, Stanford, California
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University School of Engineering, Stanford, California
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35
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Shojaee M, Bashur CA. Compositions Including Synthetic and Natural Blends for Integration and Structural Integrity: Engineered for Different Vascular Graft Applications. Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6. [PMID: 28371505 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201700001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering approaches for small-diameter arteries require a scaffold that simultaneously maintains patency by preventing thrombosis and intimal hyperplasia, maintains its structural integrity after grafting, and allows integration. While synthetic and extracellular matrix-derived materials can provide some of these properties individually, developing a scaffold that provides the balanced properties needed for vascular graft survival in the clinic has been particularly challenging. After 30 years of research, there are now several scaffolds currently in clinical trials. However, these products are either being investigated for large-diameter applications or they require pre-seeding of endothelial cells. This progress report identifies important challenges unique to engineering vascular grafts for high pressure arteries less than 4 mm in diameter (e.g., coronary artery), and discusses limitations with the current usage of the term "small-diameter." Next, the composition and processing techniques used for generating tissue engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) are discussed, with a focus on the benefits of blended materials. Other scaffolds for non-tissue engineering approaches and stents are also briefly mentioned for comparison. Overall, this progress report discusses the importance of defining the most critical challenges for small diameter TEVGs, developing new scaffolds to provide these properties, and determining acceptable benchmarks for scaffold responses in the body.
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36
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Moldovan L, Babbey CM, Murphy MP, Moldovan NI. Comparison of biomaterial-dependent and -independent bioprinting methods for cardiovascular medicine. CURRENT OPINION IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2017.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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37
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Pinnock CB, Xu Z, Lam MT. Scaling of Engineered Vascular Grafts Using 3D Printed Guides and the Ring Stacking Method. J Vis Exp 2017. [PMID: 28447994 DOI: 10.3791/55322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease remains a leading cause of death, affecting millions of Americans. With the lack of autologous vascular grafts available, engineered grafts offer great potential for patient treatment. However, engineered vascular grafts are generally not easily scalable, requiring manufacture of custom molds or polymer tubes in order to customize to different sizes, constituting a time-consuming and costly practice. Human arteries range in lumen diameter from about 2.0-38 mm and in wall thickness from about 0.5-2.5 mm. We have created a method, termed the "Ring Stacking Method," in which variable size rings of tissue of the desired cell type, demonstrated here with vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs), can be created using guides of center posts to control lumen diameter and outer shells to dictate vessel wall thickness. These tissue rings are then stacked to create a tubular construct, mimicking the natural form of a blood vessel. The vessel length can be tailored by simply stacking the number of rings required to constitute the length needed. With our technique, tissues of tubular forms, similar to a blood vessel, can be readily manufactured in a variety of dimensions and lengths to meet the needs of the clinic and patient.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhengfan Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University
| | - Mai T Lam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wayne State University;
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38
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Row S, Santandreu A, Swartz DD, Andreadis ST. Cell-free vascular grafts: Recent developments and clinical potential. TECHNOLOGY 2017; 5:13-20. [PMID: 28674697 PMCID: PMC5492388 DOI: 10.1142/s2339547817400015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in vascular tissue engineering have led to the development of cell-free grafts that are available off-the-shelf for on demand surgery. Challenges associated with cell-based technologies including cell sourcing, cell expansion and long-term bioreactor culture motivated the development of completely cell-free vascular grafts. These are based on decellularized arteries, decellularized cultured cell-based tissue engineered grafts or biomaterials functionalized with biological signals that promote in situ tissue regeneration. Clinical trials undertaken to demonstrate the applicability of these grafts are also discussed. This comprehensive review summarizes recent developments in vascular graft technologies, with potential applications in coronary artery bypass procedures, lower extremity bypass, vascular injury and trauma, congenital heart diseases and dialysis access shunts, to name a few.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sindhu Row
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Amherst, NY 14260-4200, USA
- Angiograft LLC, Amherst NY
| | - Ana Santandreu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Amherst, NY 14260-4200, USA
| | | | - Stelios T Andreadis
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Amherst, NY 14260-4200, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Amherst, NY 14260-4200, USA
- New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, Buffalo, NY
- Angiograft LLC, Amherst NY
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39
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A Dual-Mode Bioreactor System for Tissue Engineered Vascular Models. Ann Biomed Eng 2017; 45:1496-1510. [DOI: 10.1007/s10439-017-1813-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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40
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Strobel HA, Dikina AD, Levi K, Solorio LD, Alsberg E, Rolle MW. Cellular Self-Assembly with Microsphere Incorporation for Growth Factor Delivery Within Engineered Vascular Tissue Rings. Tissue Eng Part A 2016; 23:143-155. [PMID: 27784202 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2016.0260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular self-assembly has been used to generate living tissue constructs as an alternative to seeding cells on or within exogenous scaffold materials. However, high cell and extracellular matrix density in self-assembled constructs may impede diffusion of growth factors during engineered tissue culture. In the present study, we assessed the feasibility of incorporating gelatin microspheres within vascular tissue rings during cellular self-assembly to achieve growth factor delivery. To assess microsphere incorporation and distribution within vascular tissue rings, gelatin microspheres were mixed with a suspension of human smooth muscle cells (SMCs) at 0, 0.2, or 0.6 mg per million cells and seeded into agarose wells to form self-assembled cell rings. Microspheres were distributed throughout the rings and were mostly degraded within 14 days in culture. Rings with microspheres were cultured in both SMC growth medium and differentiation medium, with no adverse effects on ring structure or mechanical properties. Incorporated gelatin microspheres loaded with transforming growth factor beta 1 stimulated smooth muscle contractile protein expression in tissue rings. These findings demonstrate that microsphere incorporation can be used as a delivery vehicle for growth factors within self-assembled vascular tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah A Strobel
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute , Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Anna D Dikina
- 2 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Karen Levi
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute , Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Loran D Solorio
- 2 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Eben Alsberg
- 2 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, Ohio.,3 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Marsha W Rolle
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Worcester Polytechnic Institute , Worcester, Massachusetts
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41
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Gao Y, Yi T, Shinoka T, Lee YU, Reneker DH, Breuer CK, Becker ML. Pilot Mouse Study of 1 mm Inner Diameter (ID) Vascular Graft Using Electrospun Poly(ester urea) Nanofibers. Adv Healthc Mater 2016; 5:2427-36. [PMID: 27390286 PMCID: PMC5951289 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201600400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
An off-the-shelf, small diameter tissue engineered vascular graft (TEVG) would be transformative to surgeons in multiple subspecialties. Herein, the results of a small diameter (ID ≈ 1 mm) vascular graft constructed from resorbable, amino acid-based poly(ester urea) (PEU) are reported. Electrospun PEU grafts of two different wall thicknesses (type A: 250 μm; type B: 350 μm) are implanted as abdominal infra-renal aortic grafts in a severe combined immune deficient/beige mouse model and evaluated for vessel remodeling over one year. Significantly, the small diameter TEVG does not rupture or lead to acute thrombogenic events during the intervals tested. The pilot TEVG in vivo shows long-term patency and extensive tissue remodeling with type A grafts. Extensive tissue remodeling in type A grafts leads to the development of well-circumscribed neovessels with an endothelial inner lining, a neointima containing smooth muscle cells. However, due to slow degradation of the PEU scaffold materials in vivo, the grafts remain after one year. The type B grafts, which have 350 μm thick walls, experience occlusion over the one year interval due to intimal hyperplasia. This study affords significant findings that will guide the design of future generations of small diameter vascular grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaohua Gao
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA
| | - Tai Yi
- Department of Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA
| | - Toshiharu Shinoka
- Department of Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA
| | - Yong Ung Lee
- Department of Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA
| | - Darrell H Reneker
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA
| | | | - Matthew L Becker
- Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA.
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Gui L, Dash BC, Luo J, Qin L, Zhao L, Yamamoto K, Hashimoto T, Wu H, Dardik A, Tellides G, Niklason LE, Qyang Y. Implantable tissue-engineered blood vessels from human induced pluripotent stem cells. Biomaterials 2016; 102:120-9. [PMID: 27336184 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Derivation of functional vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) to generate tissue-engineered blood vessels (TEBVs) holds great potential in treating patients with vascular diseases. Herein, hiPSCs were differentiated into alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and calponin-positive VSMCs, which were seeded onto polymer scaffolds in bioreactors for vascular tissue growth. A functional TEBV with abundant collagenous matrix and sound mechanics resulted, which contained cells largely positive for α-SMA and smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (SM-MHC). Moreover, when hiPSC-derived TEBV segments were implanted into nude rats as abdominal aorta interposition grafts, they remained unruptured and patent with active vascular remodeling, and showed no evidence of teratoma formation during a 2-week proof-of-principle study. Our studies represent the development of the first implantable TEBVs based on hiPSCs, and pave the way for developing autologous or allogeneic grafts for clinical use in patients with vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqiong Gui
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Biraja C Dash
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Jiesi Luo
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Lingfeng Qin
- Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Liping Zhao
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Kota Yamamoto
- Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Takuya Hashimoto
- Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Hongwei Wu
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Alan Dardik
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - George Tellides
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Surgery, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Laura E Niklason
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Yibing Qyang
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
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Li Y, Meng H, Liu Y, Lee BP. Fibrin gel as an injectable biodegradable scaffold and cell carrier for tissue engineering. ScientificWorldJournal 2015; 2015:685690. [PMID: 25853146 PMCID: PMC4380102 DOI: 10.1155/2015/685690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the increasing needs for organ transplantation and a universal shortage of donated tissues, tissue engineering emerges as a useful approach to engineer functional tissues. Although different synthetic materials have been used to fabricate tissue engineering scaffolds, they have many limitations such as the biocompatibility concerns, the inability to support cell attachment, and undesirable degradation rate. Fibrin gel, a biopolymeric material, provides numerous advantages over synthetic materials in functioning as a tissue engineering scaffold and a cell carrier. Fibrin gel exhibits excellent biocompatibility, promotes cell attachment, and can degrade in a controllable manner. Additionally, fibrin gel mimics the natural blood-clotting process and self-assembles into a polymer network. The ability for fibrin to cure in situ has been exploited to develop injectable scaffolds for the repair of damaged cardiac and cartilage tissues. Additionally, fibrin gel has been utilized as a cell carrier to protect cells from the forces during the application and cell delivery processes while enhancing the cell viability and tissue regeneration. Here, we review the recent advancement in developing fibrin-based biomaterials for the development of injectable tissue engineering scaffold and cell carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA
| | - Hao Meng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA
| | - Bruce P. Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA
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Huang AH, Niklason LE. Engineering of arteries in vitro. Cell Mol Life Sci 2014; 71:2103-18. [PMID: 24399290 PMCID: PMC4024341 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-013-1546-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Revised: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This review will focus on two elements that are essential for functional arterial regeneration in vitro: the mechanical environment and the bioreactors used for tissue growth. The importance of the mechanical environment to embryological development, vascular functionality, and vascular graft regeneration will be discussed. Bioreactors generate mechanical stimuli to simulate biomechanical environment of arterial system. This system has been used to reconstruct arterial grafts with appropriate mechanical strength for implantation by controlling the chemical and mechanical environments in which the grafts are grown. Bioreactors are powerful tools to study the effect of mechanical stimuli on extracellular matrix architecture and mechanical properties of engineered vessels. Hence, biomimetic systems enable us to optimize chemo-biomechanical culture conditions to regenerate engineered vessels with physiological properties similar to those of native arteries. In addition, this article reviews various bioreactors designed especially to apply axial loading to engineered arteries. This review will also introduce and examine different approaches and techniques that have been used to engineer biologically based vascular grafts, including collagen-based grafts, fibrin-gel grafts, cell sheet engineering, biodegradable polymers, and decellularization of native vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela H Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA,
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