1
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Begar E, Seyrek E, Firat-Karalar EN. Navigating centriolar satellites: the role of PCM1 in cellular and organismal processes. FEBS J 2024. [PMID: 38825736 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Centriolar satellites are ubiquitous membrane-less organelles that play critical roles in numerous cellular and organismal processes. They were initially discovered through electron microscopy as cytoplasmic granules surrounding centrosomes in vertebrate cells. These structures remained enigmatic until the identification of pericentriolar material 1 protein (PCM1) as their molecular marker, which has enabled their in-depth characterization. Recently, centriolar satellites have come into the spotlight due to their links to developmental and neurodegenerative disorders. This review presents a comprehensive summary of the major advances in centriolar satellite biology, with a focus on studies that investigated their biology associated with the essential scaffolding protein PCM1. We begin by exploring the molecular, cellular, and biochemical properties of centriolar satellites, laying the groundwork for a deeper understanding of their functions and mechanisms at both cellular and organismal levels. We then examine the implications of their dysregulation in various diseases, particularly highlighting their emerging roles in neurodegenerative and developmental disorders, as revealed by organismal models of PCM1. We conclude by discussing the current state of knowledge and posing questions about the adaptable nature of these organelles, thereby setting the stage for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efe Begar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ece Seyrek
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Elif Nur Firat-Karalar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
- School of Medicine, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
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2
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Cumplido-Laso G, Benitez DA, Mulero-Navarro S, Carvajal-Gonzalez JM. Transcriptional Regulation of Airway Epithelial Cell Differentiation: Insights into the Notch Pathway and Beyond. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14789. [PMID: 37834236 PMCID: PMC10573127 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The airway epithelium is a critical component of the respiratory system, serving as a barrier against inhaled pathogens and toxins. It is composed of various cell types, each with specific functions essential to proper airway function. Chronic respiratory diseases can disrupt the cellular composition of the airway epithelium, leading to a decrease in multiciliated cells (MCCs) and an increase in secretory cells (SCs). Basal cells (BCs) have been identified as the primary stem cells in the airway epithelium, capable of self-renewal and differentiation into MCCs and SCs. This review emphasizes the role of transcription factors in the differentiation process from BCs to MCCs and SCs. Recent advancements in single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) techniques have provided insights into the cellular composition of the airway epithelium, revealing specialized and rare cell types, including neuroendocrine cells, tuft cells, and ionocytes. Understanding the cellular composition and differentiation processes within the airway epithelium is crucial for developing targeted therapies for respiratory diseases. Additionally, the maintenance of BC populations and the involvement of Notch signaling in BC self-renewal and differentiation are discussed. Further research in these areas could provide valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying airway epithelial homeostasis and disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guadalupe Cumplido-Laso
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Extremadura, 06071 Badajoz, Spain; (D.A.B.); (S.M.-N.)
| | | | | | - Jose Maria Carvajal-Gonzalez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Extremadura, 06071 Badajoz, Spain; (D.A.B.); (S.M.-N.)
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3
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Feng W, Liu S, Deng Q, Fu S, Yang Y, Dai X, Wang S, Wang Y, Liu Y, Lin X, Pan X, Hao S, Yuan Y, Gu Y, Zhang X, Li H, Liu L, Liu C, Fei JF, Wei X. A scATAC-seq atlas of chromatin accessibility in axolotl brain regions. Sci Data 2023; 10:627. [PMID: 37709774 PMCID: PMC10502032 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02533-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum) is an excellent model for investigating regeneration, the interaction between regenerative and developmental processes, comparative genomics, and evolution. The brain, which serves as the material basis of consciousness, learning, memory, and behavior, is the most complex and advanced organ in axolotl. The modulation of transcription factors is a crucial aspect in determining the function of diverse regions within the brain. There is, however, no comprehensive understanding of the gene regulatory network of axolotl brain regions. Here, we utilized single-cell ATAC sequencing to generate the chromatin accessibility landscapes of 81,199 cells from the olfactory bulb, telencephalon, diencephalon and mesencephalon, hypothalamus and pituitary, and the rhombencephalon. Based on these data, we identified key transcription factors specific to distinct cell types and compared cell type functions across brain regions. Our results provide a foundation for comprehensive analysis of gene regulatory programs, which are valuable for future studies of axolotl brain development, regeneration, and evolution, as well as on the mechanisms underlying cell-type diversity in vertebrate brains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weimin Feng
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- BGI-Hangzhou, Hangzhou, 310012, China
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518103, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- BGI-Hangzhou, Hangzhou, 310012, China
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518103, China
- BGI College & Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Qiuting Deng
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518103, China
| | - Sulei Fu
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education; Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Yunzhi Yang
- BGI-Hangzhou, Hangzhou, 310012, China
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518103, China
- BGI College & Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Xi Dai
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- BGI-Hangzhou, Hangzhou, 310012, China
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518103, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- BGI-Hangzhou, Hangzhou, 310012, China
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518103, China
| | - Yijin Wang
- BGI-Hangzhou, Hangzhou, 310012, China
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518103, China
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Yang Liu
- BGI-Hangzhou, Hangzhou, 310012, China
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518103, China
| | - Xiumei Lin
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- BGI-Hangzhou, Hangzhou, 310012, China
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518103, China
| | - Xiangyu Pan
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Guangdong Cardiovsacular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Shijie Hao
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- BGI-Hangzhou, Hangzhou, 310012, China
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518103, China
| | - Yue Yuan
- BGI-Hangzhou, Hangzhou, 310012, China
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518103, China
| | - Ying Gu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518103, China
| | | | - Hanbo Li
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518103, China
- BGI-Qingdao, Qingdao, 266555, China
- Lars Bolund Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Qingdao-Europe Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, BGI-Qingdao, Qingdao, 266555, China
| | - Longqi Liu
- BGI-Hangzhou, Hangzhou, 310012, China
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518103, China
| | | | - Ji-Feng Fei
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China.
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China.
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Wei
- BGI-Hangzhou, Hangzhou, 310012, China.
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518103, China.
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4
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Tian X, Zhao H, Zhou J. Organization, functions, and mechanisms of the BBSome in development, ciliopathies, and beyond. eLife 2023; 12:e87623. [PMID: 37466224 DOI: 10.7554/elife.87623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The BBSome is an octameric protein complex that regulates ciliary transport and signaling. Mutations in BBSome subunits are closely associated with ciliary defects and lead to ciliopathies, notably Bardet-Biedl syndrome. Over the past few years, there has been significant progress in elucidating the molecular organization and functions of the BBSome complex. An improved understanding of BBSome-mediated biological events and molecular mechanisms is expected to help advance the development of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for BBSome-related diseases. Here, we review the current literature on the structural assembly, transport regulation, and molecular functions of the BBSome, emphasizing its roles in cilium-related processes. We also provide perspectives on the pathological role of the BBSome in ciliopathies as well as how these can be exploited for therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Tian
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Huijie Zhao
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Center for Cell Structure and Function, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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5
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Hall EA, Kumar D, Prosser SL, Yeyati PL, Herranz-Pérez V, García-Verdugo JM, Rose L, McKie L, Dodd DO, Tennant PA, Megaw R, Murphy LC, Ferreira MF, Grimes G, Williams L, Quidwai T, Pelletier L, Reiter JF, Mill P. Centriolar satellites expedite mother centriole remodeling to promote ciliogenesis. eLife 2023; 12:e79299. [PMID: 36790165 PMCID: PMC9998092 DOI: 10.7554/elife.79299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Centrosomes are orbited by centriolar satellites, dynamic multiprotein assemblies nucleated by Pericentriolar material 1 (PCM1). To study the requirement for centriolar satellites, we generated mice lacking PCM1, a crucial component of satellites. Pcm1-/- mice display partially penetrant perinatal lethality with survivors exhibiting hydrocephalus, oligospermia, and cerebellar hypoplasia, and variably expressive phenotypes such as hydronephrosis. As many of these phenotypes have been observed in human ciliopathies and satellites are implicated in cilia biology, we investigated whether cilia were affected. PCM1 was dispensable for ciliogenesis in many cell types, whereas Pcm1-/- multiciliated ependymal cells and human PCM1-/- retinal pigmented epithelial 1 (RPE1) cells showed reduced ciliogenesis. PCM1-/- RPE1 cells displayed reduced docking of the mother centriole to the ciliary vesicle and removal of CP110 and CEP97 from the distal mother centriole, indicating compromised early ciliogenesis. Similarly, Pcm1-/- ependymal cells exhibited reduced removal of CP110 from basal bodies in vivo. We propose that PCM1 and centriolar satellites facilitate efficient trafficking of proteins to and from centrioles, including the departure of CP110 and CEP97 to initiate ciliogenesis, and that the threshold to trigger ciliogenesis differs between cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma A Hall
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Dhivya Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Suzanna L Prosser
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health SystemTorontoCanada
| | - Patricia L Yeyati
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Vicente Herranz-Pérez
- Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of ValenciaValenciaSpain
- Predepartamental Unit of Medicine, Jaume I UniversityCastelló de la PlanaSpain
| | | | - Lorraine Rose
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Lisa McKie
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Daniel O Dodd
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Peter A Tennant
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Roly Megaw
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Laura C Murphy
- Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Marisa F Ferreira
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Graeme Grimes
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Lucy Williams
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Tooba Quidwai
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Laurence Pelletier
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health SystemTorontoCanada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of TorontoUniversity of TorontoCanada
| | - Jeremy F Reiter
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoUnited States
- Chan Zuckerberg BiohubSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Pleasantine Mill
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
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6
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Chu Z, Gruss OJ. Mitotic Maturation Compensates for Premature Centrosome Splitting and PCM Loss in Human cep135 Knockout Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11071189. [PMID: 35406752 PMCID: PMC8997944 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Centrosomes represent main microtubule organizing centers (MTOCs) in animal cells. Their duplication in S-phase enables the establishment of two MTOCs in M-phase that define the poles of the spindle and ensure equal distribution of chromosomes and centrosomes to the two daughter cells. While key functions of many centrosomal proteins have been addressed in RNAi experiments and chronic knockdown, knockout experiments with complete loss of function in all cells enable quantitative analysis of cellular phenotypes at all cell-cycle stages. Here, we show that the centriolar satellite proteins SSX2IP and WDR8 and the centriolar protein CEP135 form a complex before centrosome assembly in vertebrate oocytes and further functionally interact in somatic cells with established centrosomes. We present stable knockouts of SSX2IP, WDR8, and CEP135 in human cells. While loss of SSX2IP and WDR8 are compensated for, cep135 knockout cells display compromised PCM recruitment, reduced MTOC function, and premature centrosome splitting with imbalanced PCMs. Defective cep135 knockout centrosomes, however, manage to establish balanced spindle poles, allowing unperturbed mitosis and regular cell proliferation. Our data show essential functions of CEP135 in interphase MTOCs and demonstrate that loss of individual functions of SSX2IP, WDR8, and CEP135 are fully compensated for in mitosis.
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7
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Renaud CCN, Bidère N. Function of Centriolar Satellites and Regulation by Post-Translational Modifications. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:780502. [PMID: 34888313 PMCID: PMC8650133 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.780502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Centriolar satellites are small membrane-less granules that gravitate around the centrosome. Recent advances in defining the satellite proteome and interactome have unveiled hundreds of new satellite components thus illustrating the complex nature of these particles. Although initially linked to the homeostasis of centrosome and the formation of primary cilia, these composite and highly dynamic structures appear to participate in additional cellular processes, such as proteostasis, autophagy, and cellular stress. In this review, we first outline the main features and many roles of centriolar satellites. We then discuss how post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation and ubiquitination, shape their composition and functions. This is of particular interest as interfering with these processes may provide ways to manipulate these structures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicolas Bidère
- CNRS, CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
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8
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Mansour F, Boivin FJ, Shaheed IB, Schueler M, Schmidt-Ott KM. The Role of Centrosome Distal Appendage Proteins (DAPs) in Nephronophthisis and Ciliogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212253. [PMID: 34830133 PMCID: PMC8621283 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The primary cilium is found in most mammalian cells and plays a functional role in tissue homeostasis and organ development by modulating key signaling pathways. Ciliopathies are a group of genetically heterogeneous disorders resulting from defects in cilia development and function. Patients with ciliopathic disorders exhibit a range of phenotypes that include nephronophthisis (NPHP), a progressive tubulointerstitial kidney disease that commonly results in end-stage renal disease (ESRD). In recent years, distal appendages (DAPs), which radially project from the distal end of the mother centriole, have been shown to play a vital role in primary ciliary vesicle docking and the initiation of ciliogenesis. Mutations in the genes encoding these proteins can result in either a complete loss of the primary cilium, abnormal ciliary formation, or defective ciliary signaling. DAPs deficiency in humans or mice commonly results in NPHP. In this review, we outline recent advances in our understanding of the molecular functions of DAPs and how they participate in nephronophthisis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Mansour
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (F.M.); (F.J.B.)
- Molecular and Translational Kidney Research, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, 12613 Giza, Egypt;
| | - Felix J. Boivin
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (F.M.); (F.J.B.)
- Molecular and Translational Kidney Research, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Iman B. Shaheed
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, 12613 Giza, Egypt;
| | - Markus Schueler
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (F.M.); (F.J.B.)
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (K.M.S.-O.)
| | - Kai M. Schmidt-Ott
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany; (F.M.); (F.J.B.)
- Molecular and Translational Kidney Research, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (K.M.S.-O.)
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9
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Reis AH, Xiang B, Ossipova O, Itoh K, Sokol SY. Identification of the centrosomal maturation factor SSX2IP as a Wtip-binding partner by targeted proximity biotinylation. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0259068. [PMID: 34710136 PMCID: PMC8553094 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Wilms tumor-1-interacting protein (Wtip) is a LIM-domain-containing adaptor that links cell junctions with actomyosin complexes and modulates actomyosin contractility and ciliogenesis in Xenopus embryos. The Wtip C-terminus with three LIM domains associates with the actin-binding protein Shroom3 and modulates Shroom3-induced apical constriction in ectoderm cells. By contrast, the N-terminal domain localizes to apical junctions in the ectoderm and basal bodies in skin multiciliated cells, but its interacting partners remain largely unknown. Targeted proximity biotinylation (TPB) using anti-GFP antibody fused to the biotin ligase BirA identified SSX2IP as a candidate protein that binds GFP-WtipN. SSX2IP, also known as Msd1 or ADIP, is a component of cell junctions, centriolar satellite protein and a targeting factor for ciliary membrane proteins. WtipN physically associated with SSX2IP and the two proteins readily formed mixed aggregates in overexpressing cells. By contrast, we observed only partial colocalization of full length Wtip and SSX2IP, suggesting that Wtip adopts a ‘closed’ conformation in the cell. Furthermore, the double depletion of Wtip and SSX2IP in early embryos uncovered the functional interaction of the two proteins during neural tube closure. Our results suggest that the association of SSX2IP and Wtip is essential for cell junction remodeling and morphogenetic processes that accompany neurulation. We propose that TPB can be a general approach that is applicable to other GFP-tagged proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice H. Reis
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Bo Xiang
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Olga Ossipova
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Keiji Itoh
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Sergei Y. Sokol
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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10
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Wensel TG, Potter VL, Moye A, Zhang Z, Robichaux MA. Structure and dynamics of photoreceptor sensory cilia. Pflugers Arch 2021; 473:1517-1537. [PMID: 34050409 PMCID: PMC11216635 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-021-02564-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The rod and cone photoreceptor cells of the vertebrate retina have highly specialized structures that enable them to carry out their function of light detection over a broad range of illumination intensities with optimized spatial and temporal resolution. Most prominent are their unusually large sensory cilia, consisting of outer segments packed with photosensitive disc membranes, a connecting cilium with many features reminiscent of the primary cilium transition zone, and a pair of centrioles forming a basal body which serves as the platform upon which the ciliary axoneme is assembled. These structures form a highway through which an enormous flux of material moves on a daily basis to sustain the continual turnover of outer segment discs and the energetic demands of phototransduction. After decades of study, the details of the fine structure and distribution of molecular components of these structures are still incompletely understood, but recent advances in cellular imaging techniques and animal models of inherited ciliary defects are yielding important new insights. This knowledge informs our understanding both of the mechanisms of trafficking and assembly and of the pathophysiological mechanisms of human blinding ciliopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodore G Wensel
- Vera and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Valencia L Potter
- Vera and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program (MSTP), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Abigail Moye
- Vera and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Zhixian Zhang
- Vera and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Michael A Robichaux
- Departments of Ophthalmology and Biochemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
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11
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Arslanhan MD, Rauniyar N, Yates JR, Firat-Karalar EN. Aurora Kinase A proximity map reveals centriolar satellites as regulators of its ciliary function. EMBO Rep 2021; 22:e51902. [PMID: 34169630 PMCID: PMC8339716 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202051902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aurora kinase A (AURKA) is a conserved kinase that plays crucial roles in numerous cellular processes. Although AURKA overexpression is frequent in human cancers, its pleiotropic functions and multifaceted regulation present challenges in its therapeutic targeting. Key to overcoming these challenges is to identify and characterize the full range of AURKA interactors, which are often weak and transient. Previous proteomic studies were limited in monitoring dynamic and non-mitotic AURKA interactions. Here, we generate the proximity interactome of AURKA in asynchronous cells, which consists of 440 proteins involving multiple biological processes and cellular compartments. Importantly, AURKA has extensive proximate and physical interactions to centriolar satellites, key regulators of the primary cilium. Loss-of-function experiments identify satellites as negative regulators of AURKA activity, abundance, and localization in quiescent cells. Notably, loss of satellites activates AURKA at the basal body, decreases centrosomal IFT88 levels, and causes ciliogenesis defects. Collectively, our results provide a resource for dissecting spatiotemporal regulation of AURKA and uncover its proteostatic regulation by satellites as a new mechanism for its ciliary functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melis D Arslanhan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Koç University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Navin Rauniyar
- Department of Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - John R Yates
- Department of Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
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12
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Wiegering A, Dildrop R, Vesque C, Khanna H, Schneider-Maunoury S, Gerhardt C. Rpgrip1l controls ciliary gating by ensuring the proper amount of Cep290 at the vertebrate transition zone. Mol Biol Cell 2021; 32:675-689. [PMID: 33625872 PMCID: PMC8108517 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e20-03-0190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A range of severe human diseases called ciliopathies is caused by the dysfunction of primary cilia. Primary cilia are cytoplasmic protrusions consisting of the basal body (BB), the axoneme, and the transition zone (TZ). The BB is a modified mother centriole from which the axoneme, the microtubule-based ciliary scaffold, is formed. At the proximal end of the axoneme, the TZ functions as the ciliary gate governing ciliary protein entry and exit. Since ciliopathies often develop due to mutations in genes encoding proteins that localize to the TZ, the understanding of the mechanisms underlying TZ function is of eminent importance. Here, we show that the ciliopathy protein Rpgrip1l governs ciliary gating by ensuring the proper amount of Cep290 at the vertebrate TZ. Further, we identified the flavonoid eupatilin as a potential agent to tackle ciliopathies caused by mutations in RPGRIP1L as it rescues ciliary gating in the absence of Rpgrip1l.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Wiegering
- Institute for Animal Developmental and Molecular Biology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.,Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR7622, INSERM U1156, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS) - Developmental Biology Unit, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Renate Dildrop
- Institute for Animal Developmental and Molecular Biology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christine Vesque
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR7622, INSERM U1156, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS) - Developmental Biology Unit, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Hemant Khanna
- Department of Ophthalmology and Neurobiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605
| | - Sylvie Schneider-Maunoury
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR7622, INSERM U1156, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS) - Developmental Biology Unit, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Christoph Gerhardt
- Institute for Animal Developmental and Molecular Biology, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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13
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Peterson TA, Piper RC. Deconvolution of Multiple Rab Binding Domains Using the Batch Yeast 2-Hybrid Method DEEPN. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2293:117-141. [PMID: 34453714 PMCID: PMC8524840 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1346-7_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A hallmark of functionally significant interactions between Rab proteins and their targets is whether that binding depends on the type of nucleotide bound to the Rab GTPase. A system that can directly compare those sets of interactions mediated by a Rab in its GTP-bound conformation versus its GDP bound conformation would provide a direct route to finding biologically relevant partners. Comprehensive large-scale yeast 2-hybrid assays allow a potential method to compare one interactome against another provided that the same set of potentially interacting partners is interrogated between samples. Here we describe the use of such a yeast 2-hybrid system that lends itself toward comparing pairs of Rab mutants, locked in either their GTP or GDP conformation. Importantly, using a complex library of protein fragments as potential binding ("prey") partners, identification of interacting proteins as well as the domain(s) mediating those interactions can be determined using a series of sequence analyses and binary validation experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tabitha A Peterson
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Robert C Piper
- Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
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14
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Prosser SL, Pelletier L. Centriolar satellite biogenesis and function in vertebrate cells. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:133/1/jcs239566. [PMID: 31896603 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.239566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Centriolar satellites are non-membranous cytoplasmic granules that concentrate in the vicinity of the centrosome, the major microtubule-organizing centre (MTOC) in animal cells. Originally assigned as conduits for the transport of proteins towards the centrosome and primary cilium, the complexity of satellites is starting to become apparent. Recent studies defined the satellite proteome and interactomes, placing hundreds of proteins from diverse pathways in association with satellites. In addition, studies on cells lacking satellites have revealed that the centrosome can assemble in their absence, whereas studies on acentriolar cells have demonstrated that satellite assembly is independent from an intact MTOC. A role for satellites in ciliogenesis is well established; however, their contribution to other cellular functions is poorly understood. In this Review, we discuss the developments in our understanding of centriolar satellite assembly and function, and why satellites are rapidly becoming established as governors of multiple cellular processes. We highlight the composition and biogenesis of satellites and what is known about the regulation of these aspects. Furthermore, we discuss the evolution from thinking of satellites as mere facilitators of protein trafficking to the centrosome to thinking of them being key regulators of protein localization and cellular proteostasis for a diverse set of pathways, making them of broader interest to fields beyond those focused on centrosomes and ciliogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanna L Prosser
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Laurence Pelletier
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada .,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
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15
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Ke XL, Zhang DF, Li QY, Liu ZG, Gao FY, Lu MX, Yang H. Digital gene expression analysis in the liver of ScpB-vaccinated and Streptococcus agalactiae-challenged Nile tilapia. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 94:249-257. [PMID: 31470139 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.08.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, streptococcal diseases have severely threatened the development of tilapia aquaculture, but effective prevention and control methods have not yet been established. To understand the immune responses of vaccinated Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), digital gene expression (DGE) technology was applied in this study to detect the gene expression profile of the Nile tilapia (O. niloticus) liver in response to ScpB (Streptococcal C5a peptidase from group B Streptococcus, ScpB) vaccination and a Streptococcus agalactiae-challenge. The control and the ScpB-vaccinated Nile tilapia yielded a total of 25,788,734 and 27,088,598 clean reads, respectively. A total of 1234 significant differentially expressed unigenes were detected (P < 0.05), of which 236 were significantly up-regulated, and 269 were significantly down-regulated (P < 0.05, |fold|>2, FDR<0.05). Of the differentially expressed gene, the identified genes which were enriched using databases of GO and KEGG could be categorized into a total of 67 functional groups and were mapped to 153 signaling pathways including 15 immune-related pathways. The differentially expressed genes (TLR1, TLR2, TLR3, TLR5, TLR9, MyD88, C3, IL-1β, IL-10) were detected in the expression profiles, and this was subsequently verified via quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). The results of this study can serve as a basis for future research not only on the molecular mechanism of S. agalactiae invasion, but also on the anti-S. agalactiae mechanism in targeted tissues of Nile tilapia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Li Ke
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Science, Guangzhou, 510380, China
| | - De-Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Science, Guangzhou, 510380, China
| | - Qing-Yong Li
- Fisheries Research & Extension Center of Huizhou, Huizhou, 516002, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Science, Guangzhou, 510380, China
| | - Feng-Ying Gao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Science, Guangzhou, 510380, China
| | - Mai-Xin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Science, Guangzhou, 510380, China.
| | - Hong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fisheries Science, Wuxi, 214081, China.
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16
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Quarantotti V, Chen J, Tischer J, Gonzalez Tejedo C, Papachristou EK, D'Santos CS, Kilmartin JV, Miller ML, Gergely F. Centriolar satellites are acentriolar assemblies of centrosomal proteins. EMBO J 2019; 38:e101082. [PMID: 31304626 PMCID: PMC6627235 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2018101082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Centrioles are core structural elements of both centrosomes and cilia. Although cytoplasmic granules called centriolar satellites have been observed around these structures, lack of a comprehensive inventory of satellite proteins impedes our understanding of their ancestry. To address this, we performed mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteome profiling of centriolar satellites obtained by affinity purification of their key constituent, PCM1, from sucrose gradient fractions. We defined an interactome consisting of 223 proteins, which showed striking enrichment in centrosome components. The proteome also contained new structural and regulatory factors with roles in ciliogenesis. Quantitative MS on whole-cell and centriolar satellite proteomes of acentriolar cells was performed to reveal dependencies of satellite composition on intact centrosomes. Although most components remained associated with PCM1 in acentriolar cells, reduced cytoplasmic and satellite levels were observed for a subset of centrosomal proteins. These results demonstrate that centriolar satellites and centrosomes form independently but share a substantial fraction of their proteomes. Dynamic exchange of proteins between these organelles could facilitate their adaptation to changing cellular environments during development, stress response and tissue homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Quarantotti
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge InstituteLi Ka Shing CentreUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Jia‐Xuan Chen
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge InstituteLi Ka Shing CentreUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Julia Tischer
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge InstituteLi Ka Shing CentreUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Carmen Gonzalez Tejedo
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge InstituteLi Ka Shing CentreUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | | | - Clive S D'Santos
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge InstituteLi Ka Shing CentreUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - John V Kilmartin
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular BiologyCambridge Biomedical CampusCambridgeUK
| | - Martin L Miller
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge InstituteLi Ka Shing CentreUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Fanni Gergely
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge InstituteLi Ka Shing CentreUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
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17
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Gheiratmand L, Coyaud E, Gupta GD, Laurent EMN, Hasegan M, Prosser SL, Gonçalves J, Raught B, Pelletier L. Spatial and proteomic profiling reveals centrosome-independent features of centriolar satellites. EMBO J 2019; 38:e101109. [PMID: 31304627 PMCID: PMC6627244 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2018101109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Centriolar satellites are small electron-dense granules that cluster in the vicinity of centrosomes. Satellites have been implicated in multiple critical cellular functions including centriole duplication, centrosome maturation, and ciliogenesis, but their precise composition and assembly properties have remained poorly explored. Here, we perform in vivo proximity-dependent biotin identification (BioID) on 22 human satellite proteins, to identify 2,113 high-confidence interactions among 660 unique polypeptides. Mining this network, we validate six additional satellite components. Analysis of the satellite interactome, combined with subdiffraction imaging, reveals the existence of multiple unique microscopically resolvable satellite populations that display distinct protein interaction profiles. We further show that loss of satellites in PCM1-depleted cells results in a dramatic change in the satellite interaction landscape. Finally, we demonstrate that satellite composition is largely unaffected by centriole depletion or disruption of microtubules, indicating that satellite assembly is centrosome-independent. Together, our work offers the first systematic spatial and proteomic profiling of human centriolar satellites and paves the way for future studies aimed at better understanding the biogenesis and function(s) of these enigmatic structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ladan Gheiratmand
- Lunenfeld‐Tanenbaum Research InstituteMount Sinai HospitalTorontoONCanada
| | - Etienne Coyaud
- Princess Margaret Cancer CentreUniversity Health NetworkTorontoONCanada
| | - Gagan D Gupta
- Lunenfeld‐Tanenbaum Research InstituteMount Sinai HospitalTorontoONCanada
- Present address:
Department of Chemistry and BiologyRyerson UniversityTorontoONCanada
| | | | - Monica Hasegan
- Lunenfeld‐Tanenbaum Research InstituteMount Sinai HospitalTorontoONCanada
| | - Suzanna L Prosser
- Lunenfeld‐Tanenbaum Research InstituteMount Sinai HospitalTorontoONCanada
| | - João Gonçalves
- Lunenfeld‐Tanenbaum Research InstituteMount Sinai HospitalTorontoONCanada
| | - Brian Raught
- Princess Margaret Cancer CentreUniversity Health NetworkTorontoONCanada
- Department of Medical BiophysicsUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
| | - Laurence Pelletier
- Lunenfeld‐Tanenbaum Research InstituteMount Sinai HospitalTorontoONCanada
- Department of Molecular GeneticsUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada
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18
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Mukherjee I, Roy S, Chakrabarti S. Identification of Important Effector Proteins in the FOXJ1 Transcriptional Network Associated With Ciliogenesis and Ciliary Function. Front Genet 2019; 10:23. [PMID: 30881373 PMCID: PMC6405523 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Developmental defects in motile cilia, arising from genetic abnormalities in one or more ciliary genes, can lead to a common ciliopathy known as primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD). Functional studies in model organisms undertaken to understand PCD or cilia biogenesis have identified 100s of genes regulated by Foxj1, the master regulator of motile ciliogenesis. However, limited systems based studies have been performed to elucidate proteins or network/s crucial to the motile ciliary interactome, although this approach holds promise for identification of multiple cilia-associated genes, which, in turn, could be utilized for screening and early diagnosis of the disease. Here, based on the assumption that FOXJ1-mediated regulatory and signaling networks are representative of the motile cilia interactome, we have constructed and analyzed the gene regulatory and protein–protein interaction network (PPIN) mediated by FOXJ1. The predicted FOXJ1 regulatory network comprises of 424 directly and 148 indirectly regulated genes. Additionally, based on gene ontology analysis, we have associated 17 directly and 6 indirectly regulated genes with possible ciliary roles. Topological and perturbation analyses of the PPIN (6927 proteins, 40,608 interactions) identified 121 proteins expressed in ciliated cells, which interact with multiple proteins encoded by FoxJ1 induced genes (FIG) as important interacting proteins (IIP). However, it is plausible that IIP transcriptionally regulated by FOXJ1 and/or differentially expressed in PCD are likely to have crucial roles in motile cilia. We have found 20 de-regulated topologically important effector proteins in the FOXJ1 regulatory network, among which some (PLSCR1, SSX2IP, ACTN2, CDC42, HSP90AA1, PIAS4) have previously reported ciliary roles. Furthermore, based on pathway enrichment of these proteins and their primary interactors, we have rationalized their possible roles in the ciliary interactome. For instance, 5 among these novel proteins that are involved in cilia associated signaling pathways (like Notch, Wnt, Hedgehog, Toll-like receptor etc.) could be ‘topologically important signaling proteins.’ Therefore, based on this FOXJ1 network study we have predicted important effectors in the motile cilia interactome, which are possibly associated with ciliary biology and/or function and are likely to further our understanding of the pathophysiology in ciliopathies like PCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishita Mukherjee
- Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research - Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Sudipto Roy
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Saikat Chakrabarti
- Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research - Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
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19
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Tu HQ, Qin XH, Liu ZB, Song ZQ, Hu HB, Zhang YC, Chang Y, Wu M, Huang Y, Bai YF, Wang G, Han QY, Li AL, Zhou T, Liu F, Zhang XM, Li HY. Microtubule asters anchored by FSD1 control axoneme assembly and ciliogenesis. Nat Commun 2018; 9:5277. [PMID: 30538248 PMCID: PMC6290075 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07664-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Defective ciliogenesis causes human developmental diseases termed ciliopathies. Microtubule (MT) asters originating from centrosomes in mitosis ensure the fidelity of cell division by positioning the spindle apparatus. However, the function of microtubule asters in interphase remains largely unknown. Here, we reveal an essential role of MT asters in transition zone (TZ) assembly during ciliogenesis. We demonstrate that the centrosome protein FSD1, whose biological function is largely unknown, anchors MT asters to interphase centrosomes by binding to microtubules. FSD1 knockdown causes defective ciliogenesis and affects embryonic development in vertebrates. We further show that disruption of MT aster anchorage by depleting FSD1 or other known anchoring proteins delocalizes the TZ assembly factor Cep290 from centriolar satellites, and causes TZ assembly defects. Thus, our study establishes FSD1 as a MT aster anchorage protein and reveals an important function of MT asters anchored by FSD1 in TZ assembly during ciliogenesis. Microtubule asters originate from centrosomes but their role during interphase remains largely unknown. Here, the authors find that microtubule asters anchored by previously-uncharacterized FSD1 play a role in ciliogenesis by maintaining the dynamic localization of centriolar satellites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Qing Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Xuan-He Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Zhi-Bin Liu
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100101, China.,State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Zeng-Qing Song
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Huai-Bin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yu-Cheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yan Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Min Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yun-Feng Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Guang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Qiu-Ying Han
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Ai-Ling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Xue-Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, 100850, China.
| | - Hui-Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, 100850, China. .,Cancer Research Institute of Jilin University, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China.
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20
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Kilander MBC, Wang CH, Chang CH, Nestor JE, Herold K, Tsai JW, Nestor MW, Lin YC. A rare human CEP290 variant disrupts the molecular integrity of the primary cilium and impairs Sonic Hedgehog machinery. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17335. [PMID: 30478281 PMCID: PMC6255789 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35614-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary cilium is a microtubule-enriched cell-communication organelle that participates in mechanisms controlling tissue development and maintenance, including cerebellar architecture. Centrosomal protein of 290 kDa (CEP290) is a protein important for centrosomal function and ciliogenesis. Mutations in CEP290 have been linked to a group of multi-organ disorders - termed ciliopathies. The neurophysiological deficits observed in ciliopathies are sometimes associated with the progression of autistic traits. Here, the cellular function of two rare variants of CEP290 identified from recent exome sequencing of autistic individuals are investigated. Cells expressing Cep290 carrying the missense mutation R1747Q in mouse exhibited a defective Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signalling response, mislocalisation of the Shh receptor Smoothened (Smo), and dysregulation of ciliary protein mobility, which ultimately disrupted the proliferation of cerebellar granule progenitors (CGPs). This data was furthermore corroborated in an autism patient-derived iPSC line harbouring the R1746Q rare CEP290 variant. Evidence from this study suggests that the R1746Q mutation interferes with the function of CEP290 to maintain the ciliary diffusion barrier and disrupts the integrity of the molecular composition in the primary cilium, which may contribute to alterations in neuroarchitecture.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chun-Hung Wang
- Institute of Brain Science, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsiang Chang
- Institute of Brain Science, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
- Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP) in Molecular Medicine, National Yang-Ming University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jonathan E Nestor
- Program in Neuroscience, Hussman Institute for Autism, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Kevin Herold
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Jin-Wu Tsai
- Institute of Brain Science, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
- Brain Research Center (BRC), and Biophotonics and Molecular Imaging Research Center (BMIRC), National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Michael W Nestor
- Program in Neuroscience, Hussman Institute for Autism, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Yu-Chih Lin
- Program in Neuroscience, Hussman Institute for Autism, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
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21
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Mojarad BA, Gupta GD, Hasegan M, Goudiam O, Basto R, Gingras AC, Pelletier L. CEP19 cooperates with FOP and CEP350 to drive early steps in the ciliogenesis programme. Open Biol 2018; 7:rsob.170114. [PMID: 28659385 PMCID: PMC5493781 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.170114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary cilia are microtubule-based sensory organelles necessary for efficient transduction of extracellular cues. To initiate cilia formation, ciliary vesicles (CVs) are transported to the vicinity of the centrosome where they dock to the distal end of the mother centriole and fuse to initiate cilium assembly. However, to this date, the early steps in cilia formation remain incompletely understood. Here, we demonstrate functional interplay between CEP19, FOP and CEP350 in ciliogenesis. Using three-dimensional structured-illumination microscopy (3D-SIM) imaging, we mapped the relative spatial distribution of these proteins at the distal end of the mother centriole and show that CEP350/FOP act upstream of CEP19 in their recruitment hierarchy. We demonstrate that CEP19 CRISPR KO cells are severely impaired in their ability to form cilia, analogous to the loss of function of CEP19 binding partners FOP and CEP350. Notably, in the absence of CEP19 microtubule anchoring at centromes is similar in manner to its interaction partners FOP and CEP350. Using GFP-tagged deletion constructs of CEP19, we show that the C-terminus of CEP19 is required for both its localization to centrioles and for its function in ciliogenesis. Critically, this region also mediates the interaction between CEP19 and FOP/CEP350. Interestingly, a morbid-obesity-associated R82* truncated mutant of CEP19 cannot ciliate nor interact with FOP and CEP350, indicative of a putative role for CEP19 in ciliopathies. Finally, analysis of CEP19 KO cells using thin-section electron microscopy revealed marked defects in the docking of CVs to the distal end of the mother centrioles. Together, these data demonstrate a role for the CEP19, FOP and CEP350 module in ciliogenesis and the possible effect of disrupting their functions in ciliopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh A Mojarad
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1X5.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8
| | - Gagan D Gupta
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1X5
| | - Monica Hasegan
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1X5
| | - Oumou Goudiam
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR144, 12 rue Lhomond, Paris 75005, France
| | - Renata Basto
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR144, 12 rue Lhomond, Paris 75005, France
| | - Anne-Claude Gingras
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1X5.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8
| | - Laurence Pelletier
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1X5 .,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8
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22
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Bärenz F, Kschonsak YT, Meyer A, Jafarpour A, Lorenz H, Hoffmann I. Ccdc61 controls centrosomal localization of Cep170 and is required for spindle assembly and symmetry. Mol Biol Cell 2018; 29:3105-3118. [PMID: 30354798 PMCID: PMC6340214 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e18-02-0115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubule nucleation was uncovered as a key principle of spindle assembly. However, the mechanistic details about microtubule nucleation and the organization of spindle formation and symmetry are currently being revealed. Here we describe the function of coiled-coil domain containing 61 (Ccdc61), a so far uncharacterized centrosomal protein, in spindle assembly and symmetry. Our data describe that Ccdc61 is required for spindle assembly and precise chromosome alignments in mitosis. Microtubule tip-tracking experiments in the absence of Ccdc61 reveal a clear loss of the intrinsic symmetry of microtubule tracks within the spindle. Furthermore, we show that Ccdc61 controls the centrosomal localization of centrosomal protein of 170 kDa (Cep170), a protein that was shown previously to localize to centrosomes as well as spindle microtubules and promotes microtubule organization and microtubule assembly. Interestingly, selective disruption of Ccdc61 impairs the binding between Cep170 and TANK binding kinase 1, an interaction that is required for microtubule stability. In summary, we have discovered Ccdc61 as a centrosomal protein with an important function in mitotic microtubule organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Bärenz
- Cell Cycle Control and Carcinogenesis, German Cancer Research Center, DKFZ, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yvonne T Kschonsak
- Cell Cycle Control and Carcinogenesis, German Cancer Research Center, DKFZ, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Annalena Meyer
- Cell Cycle Control and Carcinogenesis, German Cancer Research Center, DKFZ, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Aliakbar Jafarpour
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Holger Lorenz
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ingrid Hoffmann
- Cell Cycle Control and Carcinogenesis, German Cancer Research Center, DKFZ, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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23
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Kurtulmus B, Yuan C, Schuy J, Neuner A, Hata S, Kalamakis G, Martin-Villalba A, Pereira G. LRRC45 contributes to early steps of axoneme extension. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:jcs.223594. [PMID: 30131441 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.223594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cilia perform essential signalling functions during development and tissue homeostasis. A key event in ciliogenesis occurs when the distal appendages of the mother centriole form a platform that docks ciliary vesicles and removes CP110-Cep97 inhibitory complexes. Here, we analysed the role of LRRC45 in appendage formation and ciliogenesis. We show that the core appendage proteins Cep83 and SCLT1 recruit LRRC45 to the mother centriole. Once there, LRRC45 recruits the keratin-binding protein FBF1. The association of LRRC45 with the basal body of primary and motile cilia in both differentiated and stem cells reveals a broad function in ciliogenesis. In contrast to the appendage components Cep164 and Cep123, LRRC45 was not essential for either docking of early ciliary vesicles or for removal of CP110. Rather, LRRC45 promotes cilia biogenesis in CP110-uncapped centrioles by organising centriolar satellites, establishing the transition zone and promoting the docking of Rab8 GTPase-positive vesicles. We propose that, instead of acting solely as a platform to recruit early vesicles, centriole appendages form discrete scaffolds of cooperating proteins that execute specific functions that promote the initial steps of ciliogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahtiyar Kurtulmus
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Molecular Biology of Centrosomes and Cilia Group, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Cheng Yuan
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Molecular Biology of Centrosomes and Cilia Group, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jakob Schuy
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Annett Neuner
- Centre for Cell and Molecular Biology (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Shoji Hata
- Centre for Cell and Molecular Biology (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Georgios Kalamakis
- German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Division of Molecular Neurobiology, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ana Martin-Villalba
- German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Division of Molecular Neurobiology, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gislene Pereira
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany .,German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Molecular Biology of Centrosomes and Cilia Group, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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24
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Abstract
The primary cilium is an antenna-like organelle assembled on most types of quiescent and differentiated mammalian cells. This immotile structure is essential for interpreting extracellular signals that regulate growth, development and homeostasis. As such, ciliary defects produce a spectrum of human diseases, termed ciliopathies, and deregulation of this important organelle also plays key roles during tumor formation and progression. Recent studies have begun to clarify the key mechanisms that regulate ciliary assembly and disassembly in both normal and tumor cells, highlighting new possibilities for therapeutic intervention. Here, we review these exciting new findings, discussing the molecular factors involved in cilium formation and removal, the intrinsic and extrinsic control of cilium assembly and disassembly, and the relevance of these processes to mammalian cell growth and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Pathology, New York University Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Brian D Dynlacht
- Department of Pathology, New York University Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
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25
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Srivastava S, Ramsbottom SA, Molinari E, Alkanderi S, Filby A, White K, Henry C, Saunier S, Miles CG, Sayer JA. A human patient-derived cellular model of Joubert syndrome reveals ciliary defects which can be rescued with targeted therapies. Hum Mol Genet 2018; 26:4657-4667. [PMID: 28973549 PMCID: PMC5886250 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddx347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Joubert syndrome (JBTS) is the archetypal ciliopathy caused by mutation of genes encoding ciliary proteins leading to multi-system phenotypes, including a cerebello-retinal-renal syndrome. JBTS is genetically heterogeneous, however mutations in CEP290 are a common underlying cause. The renal manifestation of JBTS is a juvenile-onset cystic kidney disease, known as nephronophthisis, typically progressing to end-stage renal failure within the first two decades of life, thus providing a potential window for therapeutic intervention. In order to increase understanding of JBTS and its associated kidney disease and to explore potential treatments, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of primary renal epithelial cells directly isolated from patient urine (human urine-derived renal epithelial cells, hURECs). We demonstrate that hURECs from a JBTS patient with renal disease have elongated and disorganized primary cilia and that this ciliary phenotype is specifically associated with an absence of CEP290 protein. Treatment with the Sonic hedgehog (Shh) pathway agonist purmorphamine or cyclin-dependent kinase inhibition (using roscovitine and siRNA directed towards cyclin-dependent kinase 5) ameliorated the cilia phenotype. In addition, purmorphamine treatment was shown to reduce cyclin-dependent kinase 5 in patient cells, suggesting a convergence of these signalling pathways. To our knowledge, this is the most extensive analysis of primary renal epithelial cells from JBTS patients to date. It demonstrates the feasibility and power of this approach to directly assess the consequences of patient-specific mutations in a physiologically relevant context and a previously unrecognized convergence of Shh agonism and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibition as potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalabh Srivastava
- Newcastle University, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK.,Renal Services, The Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE7 7DN, UK
| | - Simon A Ramsbottom
- Newcastle University, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Elisa Molinari
- Newcastle University, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Sumaya Alkanderi
- Newcastle University, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Andrew Filby
- Flow Cytometry Core Facility, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, UK
| | - Kathryn White
- EM Research Services, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Charline Henry
- EM Research Services, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.,Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Sophie Saunier
- Inserm UMR-1163, Laboratory of Hereditary Kidney Diseases, 75015 Paris, France.,Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Colin G Miles
- Newcastle University, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - John A Sayer
- Newcastle University, Institute of Genetic Medicine, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK.,Renal Services, The Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE7 7DN, UK
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26
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Wiegering A, Dildrop R, Kalfhues L, Spychala A, Kuschel S, Lier JM, Zobel T, Dahmen S, Leu T, Struchtrup A, Legendre F, Vesque C, Schneider-Maunoury S, Saunier S, Rüther U, Gerhardt C. Cell type-specific regulation of ciliary transition zone assembly in vertebrates. EMBO J 2018; 37:embj.201797791. [PMID: 29650680 PMCID: PMC5978567 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201797791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ciliopathies are life-threatening human diseases caused by defective cilia. They can often be traced back to mutations of genes encoding transition zone (TZ) proteins demonstrating that the understanding of TZ organisation is of paramount importance. The TZ consists of multimeric protein modules that are subject to a stringent assembly hierarchy. Previous reports place Rpgrip1l at the top of the TZ assembly hierarchy in Caenorhabditis elegans By performing quantitative immunofluorescence studies in RPGRIP1L-/- mouse embryos and human embryonic cells, we recognise a different situation in vertebrates in which Rpgrip1l deficiency affects TZ assembly in a cell type-specific manner. In cell types in which the loss of Rpgrip1l alone does not affect all modules, additional truncation or removal of vertebrate-specific Rpgrip1 results in an impairment of all modules. Consequently, Rpgrip1l and Rpgrip1 synergistically ensure the TZ composition in several vertebrate cell types, revealing a higher complexity of TZ assembly in vertebrates than in invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Wiegering
- Institute for Animal Developmental and Molecular Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Renate Dildrop
- Institute for Animal Developmental and Molecular Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lisa Kalfhues
- Institute for Animal Developmental and Molecular Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - André Spychala
- Institute for Animal Developmental and Molecular Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefanie Kuschel
- Institute for Animal Developmental and Molecular Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Johanna Maria Lier
- Institute for Animal Developmental and Molecular Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas Zobel
- Center for Advanced Imaging (CAi), Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefanie Dahmen
- Institute for Animal Developmental and Molecular Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tristan Leu
- Institute for Animal Developmental and Molecular Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andreas Struchtrup
- Institute for Animal Developmental and Molecular Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Flora Legendre
- INSERM, U983, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Christine Vesque
- Paris-Seine (IBPS) - Developmental Biology Laboratory, Institut de Biologie, CNRS, UMR7622, INSERM U1156, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Schneider-Maunoury
- Paris-Seine (IBPS) - Developmental Biology Laboratory, Institut de Biologie, CNRS, UMR7622, INSERM U1156, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Saunier
- INSERM, U983, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Ulrich Rüther
- Institute for Animal Developmental and Molecular Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christoph Gerhardt
- Institute for Animal Developmental and Molecular Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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27
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Azizoglu DB, Braitsch C, Marciano DK, Cleaver O. Afadin and RhoA control pancreatic endocrine mass via lumen morphogenesis. Genes Dev 2018; 31:2376-2390. [PMID: 29330353 PMCID: PMC5795784 DOI: 10.1101/gad.307637.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Azizoglu et al. identified mechanisms underlying pancreatic lumen formation and remodeling and show that central lumen network morphogenesis impacts pancreatic endocrine mass. Codepletion of the actomyosin regulator RhoA and Afadin results in defects in the central lumen and arrests lumen remodeling. Proper lumen morphogenesis during pancreas development is critical to endocrine and exocrine cell fate. Recent studies showed that a central network of lumens (termed core), but not the surrounding terminal branches (termed periphery), produces most islet endocrine cells. To date, it remains unclear how pancreatic lumens form and remodel and which aspects of lumen morphogenesis influence cell fate. Importantly, models testing the function of the central lumen network as an endocrine niche are lacking. Here, we identify mechanisms underlying lumen formation and remodeling and show that central lumen network morphogenesis impacts pancreatic endocrine mass. We show that loss of the scaffolding protein Afadin disrupts de novo lumenogenesis and lumen continuity in the tip epithelium. Codepletion of the actomyosin regulator RhoA and Afadin results in defects in the central lumens and arrests lumen remodeling. This arrest leads to prolonged perdurance of the central lumen network over developmental time and expansion of the endocrine progenitor population and, eventually, endocrine mass. Our study uncovers essential roles of Afadin and RhoA in pancreatic central lumen morphogenesis, which subsequently determines endocrine cell mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Berfin Azizoglu
- Department of Molecular Biology, Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Caitlin Braitsch
- Department of Molecular Biology, Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Denise K Marciano
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Ondine Cleaver
- Department of Molecular Biology, Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
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28
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Proteomics of phosphorylation and protein dynamics during fertilization and meiotic exit in the Xenopus egg. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:E10838-E10847. [PMID: 29183978 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1709207114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Fertilization releases the meiotic arrest and initiates the events that prepare the egg for the ensuing developmental program. Protein degradation and phosphorylation are known to regulate protein activity during this process. However, the full extent of protein loss and phosphoregulation is still unknown. We examined absolute protein and phosphosite dynamics of the fertilization response by mass spectrometry-based proteomics in electroactivated eggs. To do this, we developed an approach for calculating the stoichiometry of phosphosites from multiplexed proteomics that is compatible with dynamic, stable, and multisite phosphorylation. Overall, the data suggest that degradation is limited to a few low-abundance proteins. However, this degradation promotes extensive dephosphorylation that occurs over a wide range of abundances during meiotic exit. We also show that eggs release a large amount of protein into the medium just after fertilization, most likely related to the blocks to polyspermy. Concomitantly, there is a substantial increase in phosphorylation likely tied to calcium-activated kinases. We identify putative degradation targets and components of the slow block to polyspermy. The analytical approaches demonstrated here are broadly applicable to studies of dynamic biological systems.
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29
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Joachim J, Razi M, Judith D, Wirth M, Calamita E, Encheva V, Dynlacht BD, Snijders AP, O'Reilly N, Jefferies HBJ, Tooze SA. Centriolar Satellites Control GABARAP Ubiquitination and GABARAP-Mediated Autophagy. Curr Biol 2017; 27:2123-2136.e7. [PMID: 28712572 PMCID: PMC5526835 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2017.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy maintains cellular health and homeostasis during stress by delivering cytosolic material captured by autophagosomes to lysosomes for degradation. Autophagosome formation is complex: initiated by the recruitment of autophagy (Atg) proteins to the formation site, it is sustained by activation of Atg proteins to allow growth and closure of the autophagosome. How Atg proteins are translocated to the forming autophagosome is not fully understood. Transport of the ATG8 family member GABARAP from the centrosome occurs during starvation-induced autophagosome biogenesis, but how centrosomal proteins regulate GABARAP localization is unknown. We show that the centriolar satellite protein PCM1 regulates the recruitment of GABARAP to the pericentriolar material. In addition to residing on the pericentriolar material, GABARAP marks a subtype of PCM1-positive centriolar satellites. GABARAP, but not another ATG8 family member LC3B, binds directly to PCM1 through a canonical LIR motif. Loss of PCM1 results in destabilization of GABARAP, but not LC3B, through proteasomal degradation. GABARAP instability is mediated through the centriolar satellite E3 ligase Mib1, which interacts with GABARAP through its substrate-binding region and promotes K48-linked ubiquitination of GABARAP. Ubiquitination of GABARAP occurs in the N terminus, a domain associated with ATG8-family-specific functions during autophagosome formation, on residues absent in the LC3 family. Furthermore, PCM1-GABARAP-positive centriolar satellites colocalize with forming autophagosomes. PCM1 enhances GABARAP/WIPI2/p62-positive autophagosome formation and flux but has no significant effect on LC3B-positive autophagosome formation. These data suggest a mechanism for how centriolar satellites can specifically regulate an ATG8 ortholog, the centrosomal GABARAP reservoir, and centrosome-autophagosome crosstalk. GABARAP binds directly to the centriolar satellite protein PCM1 through a LIR motif GABARAP-PCM1-positive centriolar satellites are found at early-stage autophagosomes PCM1 regulates GABARAP-specific autophagosome formation and GABARAP degradation The centriolar satellite E3 ligase Mib1 drives ubiquitination of GABARAP
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Joachim
- Molecular Cell Biology of Autophagy, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Minoo Razi
- Molecular Cell Biology of Autophagy, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Delphine Judith
- Molecular Cell Biology of Autophagy, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Martina Wirth
- Molecular Cell Biology of Autophagy, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Emily Calamita
- Molecular Cell Biology of Autophagy, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Vesela Encheva
- Mass Spectrometry, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Brian D Dynlacht
- Department of Pathology and NYU Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, Smilow Research Building, 522 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Ambrosius P Snijders
- Mass Spectrometry, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Nicola O'Reilly
- Peptide Chemistry, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Harold B J Jefferies
- Molecular Cell Biology of Autophagy, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Sharon A Tooze
- Molecular Cell Biology of Autophagy, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK.
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30
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Abstract
Motile and non-motile (primary) cilia are nearly ubiquitous cellular organelles. The dysfunction of cilia causes diseases known as ciliopathies. The number of reported ciliopathies (currently 35) is increasing, as is the number of established (187) and candidate (241) ciliopathy-associated genes. The characterization of ciliopathy-associated proteins and phenotypes has improved our knowledge of ciliary functions. In particular, investigating ciliopathies has helped us to understand the molecular mechanisms by which the cilium-associated basal body functions in early ciliogenesis, as well as how the transition zone functions in ciliary gating, and how intraflagellar transport enables cargo trafficking and signalling. Both basic biological and clinical studies are uncovering novel ciliopathies and the ciliary proteins involved. The assignment of these proteins to different ciliary structures, processes and ciliopathy subclasses (first order and second order) provides insights into how this versatile organelle is built, compartmentalized and functions in diverse ways that are essential for human health.
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31
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Gonçalves J, Pelletier L. The Ciliary Transition Zone: Finding the Pieces and Assembling the Gate. Mol Cells 2017; 40:243-253. [PMID: 28401750 PMCID: PMC5424270 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2017.0054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic cilia are organelles that project from the surface of cells to fulfill motility and sensory functions. In vertebrates, the functions of both motile and immotile cilia are critical for embryonic development and adult tissue homeostasis. Importantly, a multitude of human diseases is caused by abnormal cilia biogenesis and functions which rely on the compartmentalization of the cilium and the maintenance of its protein composition. The transition zone (TZ) is a specialized ciliary domain present at the base of the cilium and is part of a gate that controls protein entry and exit from this organelle. The relevance of the TZ is highlighted by the fact that several of its components are coded by ciliopathy genes. Here we review recent developments in the study of TZ proteomes, the mapping of individual components to the TZ structure and the establishment of the TZ as a lipid gate.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Gonçalves
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5,
Canada
| | - Laurence Pelletier
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5,
Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8,
Canada
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32
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Inoue D, Stemmer M, Thumberger T, Ruppert T, Bärenz F, Wittbrodt J, Gruss OJ. Expression of the novel maternal centrosome assembly factor Wdr8 is required for vertebrate embryonic mitoses. Nat Commun 2017; 8:14090. [PMID: 28098238 PMCID: PMC5253655 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The assembly of the first centrosome occurs upon fertilisation when male centrioles recruit pericentriolar material (PCM) from the egg cytoplasm. The mechanisms underlying the proper assembly of centrosomes during early embryogenesis remain obscure. We identify Wdr8 as a novel maternally essential protein that is required for centrosome assembly during embryonic mitoses of medaka (Oryzias latipes). By CRISPR-Cas9-mediated knockout, maternal/zygotic Wdr8-null (m/zWdr8-/-) blastomeres exhibit severe defects in centrosome structure that lead to asymmetric division, multipolar mitotic spindles and chromosome alignment errors. Via its WD40 domains, Wdr8 interacts with the centriolar satellite protein SSX2IP. Combining targeted gene knockout and in vivo reconstitution of the maternally essential Wdr8-SSX2IP complex reveals an essential link between maternal centrosome proteins and the stability of the zygotic genome for accurate vertebrate embryogenesis. Our approach provides a way of distinguishing maternal from paternal effects in early embryos and should contribute to understanding molecular defects in human infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daigo Inoue
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Manuel Stemmer
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Thomas Thumberger
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Thomas Ruppert
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Im Neuenheimer Feld 282, Heidelberg D-69120, Germany
| | - Felix Bärenz
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Im Neuenheimer Feld 282, Heidelberg D-69120, Germany
| | - Joachim Wittbrodt
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Oliver J Gruss
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Im Neuenheimer Feld 282, Heidelberg D-69120, Germany.,Institute of Genetics, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Straße 13, Bonn 53115, Germany
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33
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Hori A, Toda T. Regulation of centriolar satellite integrity and its physiology. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 74:213-229. [PMID: 27484406 PMCID: PMC5219025 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2315-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Centriolar satellites comprise cytoplasmic granules that are located around the centrosome. Their molecular identification was first reported more than a quarter of a century ago. These particles are not static in the cell but instead constantly move around the centrosome. Over the last decade, significant advances in their molecular compositions and biological functions have been achieved due to comprehensive proteomics and genomics, super-resolution microscopy analyses and elegant genetic manipulations. Centriolar satellites play pivotal roles in centrosome assembly and primary cilium formation through the delivery of centriolar/centrosomal components from the cytoplasm to the centrosome. Their importance is further underscored by the fact that mutations in genes encoding satellite components and regulators lead to various human disorders such as ciliopathies. Moreover, the most recent findings highlight dynamic structural remodelling in response to internal and external cues and unexpected positive feedback control that is exerted from the centrosome for centriolar satellite integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Hori
- Lincoln's Inn Fields Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, WC2A 3LY, UK.,Developmental Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Takashi Toda
- Lincoln's Inn Fields Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, WC2A 3LY, UK. .,Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Hiroshima Research Center for Healthy Aging (HiHA), Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8530, Japan.
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34
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Wang L, Lee K, Malonis R, Sanchez I, Dynlacht BD. Tethering of an E3 ligase by PCM1 regulates the abundance of centrosomal KIAA0586/Talpid3 and promotes ciliogenesis. eLife 2016; 5. [PMID: 27146717 PMCID: PMC4858382 DOI: 10.7554/elife.12950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
To elucidate the role of centriolar satellites in ciliogenesis, we deleted the gene encoding the PCM1 protein, an integral component of satellites. PCM1 null human cells show marked defects in ciliogenesis, precipitated by the loss of specific proteins from satellites and their relocation to centrioles. We find that an amino-terminal domain of PCM1 can restore ciliogenesis and satellite localization of certain proteins, but not others, pinpointing unique roles for PCM1 and a group of satellite proteins in cilium assembly. Remarkably, we find that PCM1 is essential for tethering the E3 ligase, Mindbomb1 (Mib1), to satellites. In the absence of PCM1, Mib1 destabilizes Talpid3 through poly-ubiquitylation and suppresses cilium assembly. Loss of PCM1 blocks ciliogenesis by abrogating recruitment of ciliary vesicles associated with the Talpid3-binding protein, Rab8, which can be reversed by inactivating Mib1. Thus, PCM1 promotes ciliogenesis by tethering a key E3 ligase to satellites and restricting it from centrioles. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.12950.001
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Pathology, New York University Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Kwanwoo Lee
- Department of Pathology, New York University Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Ryan Malonis
- Department of Pathology, New York University Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Irma Sanchez
- Department of Pathology, New York University Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, United States
| | - Brian D Dynlacht
- Department of Pathology, New York University Cancer Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, United States
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35
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A Dynamic Protein Interaction Landscape of the Human Centrosome-Cilium Interface. Cell 2016; 163:1484-99. [PMID: 26638075 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2015.10.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 370] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The centrosome is the primary microtubule organizing center of the cells and templates the formation of cilia, thereby operating at a nexus of critical cellular functions. Here, we use proximity-dependent biotinylation (BioID) to map the centrosome-cilium interface; with 58 bait proteins we generate a protein topology network comprising >7,000 interactions. Analysis of interaction profiles coupled with high resolution phenotypic profiling implicates a number of protein modules in centriole duplication, ciliogenesis, and centriolar satellite biogenesis and highlights extensive interplay between these processes. By monitoring dynamic changes in the centrosome-cilium protein interaction landscape during ciliogenesis, we also identify satellite proteins that support cilia formation. Systematic profiling of proximity interactions combined with functional analysis thus provides a rich resource for better understanding human centrosome and cilia biology. Similar strategies may be applied to other complex biological structures or pathways.
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36
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Hori A, Barnouin K, Snijders AP, Toda T. A non-canonical function of Plk4 in centriolar satellite integrity and ciliogenesis through PCM1 phosphorylation. EMBO Rep 2016; 17:326-37. [PMID: 26755742 PMCID: PMC4772974 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201541432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Centrioles are the major constituents of the animal centrosome, in which Plk4 kinase serves as a master regulator of the duplication cycle. Many eukaryotes also contain numerous peripheral particles known as centriolar satellites. While centriolar satellites aid centriole assembly and primary cilium formation, it is unknown whether Plk4 plays any regulatory roles in centriolar satellite integrity. Here we show that Plk4 is a critical determinant of centriolar satellite organisation. Plk4 depletion leads to the dispersion of centriolar satellites and perturbed ciliogenesis. Plk4 interacts with the satellite component PCM1, and its kinase activity is required for phosphorylation of the conserved S372. The nonphosphorylatable PCM1 mutant recapitulates phenotypes of Plk4 depletion, while the phosphomimetic mutant partially rescues the dispersed centriolar satellite patterns and ciliogenesis in cells depleted of PCM1. We show that S372 phosphorylation occurs during the G1 phase of the cell cycle and is important for PCM1 dimerisation and interaction with other satellite components. Our findings reveal that Plk4 is required for centriolar satellite function, which may underlie the ciliogenesis defects caused by Plk4 dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Hori
- The Francis Crick Institute, Lincoln's Inn Fields Laboratory, London, UK Developmental Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), Ikoma Nara, Japan
| | - Karin Barnouin
- The Francis Crick Institute, Clare Hall Laboratory, London, UK
| | | | - Takashi Toda
- The Francis Crick Institute, Lincoln's Inn Fields Laboratory, London, UK Hiroshima Research Center for Healthy Aging (HiHA), Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
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37
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Kurtulmus B, Wang W, Ruppert T, Neuner A, Cerikan B, Viol L, Dueñas-Sánchez R, Gruss OJ, Pereira G. WDR8 is a centriolar satellite and centriole-associated protein that promotes ciliary vesicle docking during ciliogenesis. J Cell Sci 2015; 129:621-36. [PMID: 26675238 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.179713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ciliogenesis initiates at the mother centriole through a series of events that include membrane docking, displacement of cilia-inhibitory proteins and axoneme elongation. Centriolar proteins, in particular at distal and subdistal appendages, carry out these functions. Recently, cytoplasmic complexes named centriolar satellites have also been shown to promote ciliogenesis. Little is known about the functional and molecular relationship between appendage proteins, satellites and cilia biogenesis. Here, we identified the WD-repeat protein 8 (WDR8, also known as WRAP73) as a satellite and centriolar component. We show that WDR8 interacts with the satellite proteins SSX2IP and PCM1 as well as the centriolar proximal end component Cep135. Cep135 is required for the recruitment of WDR8 to centrioles. Depletion experiments revealed that WDR8 and Cep135 have strongly overlapping functions in ciliogenesis. Both are indispensable for ciliary vesicle docking to the mother centriole and for unlocking the distal end of the mother centriole from the ciliary inhibitory complex CP110-Cep97. Our data thus point to an important function of centriolar proximal end proteins in ciliary membrane biogenesis, and establish WDR8 and Cep135 as two factors that are essential for the initial steps of ciliation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahtiyar Kurtulmus
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, Heidelberg 69120, Germany Division of Centrosomes and Cilia, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Wenbo Wang
- Division of Centrosomes and Cilia, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, Heidelberg 69120, Germany Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Im Neuenheimer Feld 282, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Thomas Ruppert
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Im Neuenheimer Feld 282, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Annett Neuner
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Im Neuenheimer Feld 282, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Berati Cerikan
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Im Neuenheimer Feld 282, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Linda Viol
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, Heidelberg 69120, Germany Division of Centrosomes and Cilia, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Rafael Dueñas-Sánchez
- Division of Centrosomes and Cilia, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Oliver J Gruss
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Im Neuenheimer Feld 282, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Gislene Pereira
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, Heidelberg 69120, Germany Division of Centrosomes and Cilia, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
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38
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Tollenaere MAX, Villumsen BH, Blasius M, Nielsen JC, Wagner SA, Bartek J, Beli P, Mailand N, Bekker-Jensen S. p38- and MK2-dependent signalling promotes stress-induced centriolar satellite remodelling via 14-3-3-dependent sequestration of CEP131/AZI1. Nat Commun 2015; 6:10075. [PMID: 26616734 PMCID: PMC4674683 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Centriolar satellites (CS) are small granular structures that cluster in the vicinity of centrosomes. CS are highly susceptible to stress stimuli, triggering abrupt displacement of key CS factors. Here we discover a linear p38-MK2-14-3-3 signalling pathway that specifically targets CEP131 to trigger CS remodelling after cell stress. We identify CEP131 as a substrate of the p38 effector kinase MK2 and pinpoint S47 and S78 as critical MK2 phosphorylation sites in CEP131. Ultraviolet-induced phosphorylation of these residues generates direct binding sites for 14-3-3 proteins, which sequester CEP131 in the cytoplasm to block formation of new CS, thereby leading to rapid depletion of these structures. Mutating S47 and S78 in CEP131 is sufficient to abolish stress-induced CS reorganization, demonstrating that CEP131 is the key regulatory target of MK2 and 14-3-3 in these structures. Our findings reveal the molecular mechanism underlying dynamic CS remodelling to modulate centrosome functions on cell stress. Centriolar satellites (CS) dynamically remodel in response to cellular stress. Here the authors describe a mechanism for stress-mediated remodelling, whereby CEP131 is phosphorylated downstream of p38, creating binding sites for 14-3-3 that lead to the sequestration of CEP131 in the cytoplasm and disassembly of CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim A X Tollenaere
- Ubiquitin Signaling Group, Protein Signaling Program, The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark
| | - Bine H Villumsen
- Ubiquitin Signaling Group, Protein Signaling Program, The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark
| | - Melanie Blasius
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Julie C Nielsen
- Ubiquitin Signaling Group, Protein Signaling Program, The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark
| | - Sebastian A Wagner
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University Medical School, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Frankfurt DE-60590, Germany
| | - Jiri Bartek
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, Copenhagen DK-2100, Denmark.,Division of Translational Medicine and Chemical Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm SE-17176, Sweden
| | - Petra Beli
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Ackermannweg 4, Mainz DE-55128, Germany
| | - Niels Mailand
- Ubiquitin Signaling Group, Protein Signaling Program, The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark
| | - Simon Bekker-Jensen
- Ubiquitin Signaling Group, Protein Signaling Program, The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, Copenhagen DK-2200, Denmark
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39
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Silva E, Betleja E, John E, Spear P, Moresco JJ, Zhang S, Yates JR, Mitchell BJ, Mahjoub MR. Ccdc11 is a novel centriolar satellite protein essential for ciliogenesis and establishment of left-right asymmetry. Mol Biol Cell 2015; 27:48-63. [PMID: 26538025 PMCID: PMC4694761 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e15-07-0474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in CCDC11 cause aberrant placement of internal organs and congenital heart disease in humans. Ccdc11 is a novel component of centriolar satellites and plays a critical role in motile and sensory ciliogenesis. The results implicate centriolar satellites in the pathology of left–right patterning and heart disease. The establishment of left–right (L-R) asymmetry in vertebrates is dependent on the sensory and motile functions of cilia during embryogenesis. Mutations in CCDC11 disrupt L-R asymmetry and cause congenital heart disease in humans, yet the molecular and cellular functions of the protein remain unknown. Here we demonstrate that Ccdc11 is a novel component of centriolar satellites—cytoplasmic granules that serve as recruitment sites for proteins destined for the centrosome and cilium. Ccdc11 interacts with core components of satellites, and its loss disrupts the subcellular organization of satellite proteins and perturbs primary cilium assembly. Ccdc11 colocalizes with satellite proteins in human multiciliated tracheal epithelia, and its loss inhibits motile ciliogenesis. Similarly, depletion of CCDC11 in Xenopus embryos causes defective assembly and motility of cilia in multiciliated epidermal cells. To determine the role of CCDC11 during vertebrate development, we generated mutant alleles in zebrafish. Loss of CCDC11 leads to defective ciliogenesis in the pronephros and within the Kupffer’s vesicle and results in aberrant L-R axis determination. Our results highlight a critical role for Ccdc11 in the assembly and function of motile cilia and implicate centriolar satellite–associated proteins as a new class of proteins in the pathology of L-R patterning and congenital heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Silva
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Ewelina Betleja
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Emily John
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Philip Spear
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - James J Moresco
- Department of Chemical Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Siwei Zhang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - John R Yates
- Department of Chemical Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Brian J Mitchell
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611
| | - Moe R Mahjoub
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
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40
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Kodani A, Yu TW, Johnson JR, Jayaraman D, Johnson TL, Al-Gazali L, Sztriha L, Partlow JN, Kim H, Krup AL, Dammermann A, Krogan NJ, Walsh CA, Reiter JF. Centriolar satellites assemble centrosomal microcephaly proteins to recruit CDK2 and promote centriole duplication. eLife 2015; 4:e07519. [PMID: 26297806 PMCID: PMC4574112 DOI: 10.7554/elife.07519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary microcephaly (MCPH) associated proteins CDK5RAP2, CEP152, WDR62 and CEP63 colocalize at the centrosome. We found that they interact to promote centriole duplication and form a hierarchy in which each is required to localize another to the centrosome, with CDK5RAP2 at the apex, and CEP152, WDR62 and CEP63 at sequentially lower positions. MCPH proteins interact with distinct centriolar satellite proteins; CDK5RAP2 interacts with SPAG5 and CEP72, CEP152 with CEP131, WDR62 with MOONRAKER, and CEP63 with CEP90 and CCDC14. These satellite proteins localize their cognate MCPH interactors to centrosomes and also promote centriole duplication. Consistent with a role for satellites in microcephaly, homozygous mutations in one satellite gene, CEP90, may cause MCPH. The satellite proteins, with the exception of CCDC14, and MCPH proteins promote centriole duplication by recruiting CDK2 to the centrosome. Thus, centriolar satellites build a MCPH complex critical for human neurodevelopment that promotes CDK2 centrosomal localization and centriole duplication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Kodani
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Timothy W Yu
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, United States
| | - Jeffrey R Johnson
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Divya Jayaraman
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, United States
| | - Tasha L Johnson
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Lihadh Al-Gazali
- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Lāszló Sztriha
- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jennifer N Partlow
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, United States
| | - Hanjun Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Alexis L Krup
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | | | - Nevan J Krogan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
| | - Christopher A Walsh
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, United States
| | - Jeremy F Reiter
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, United States
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41
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Yano J, Valentine MS, Van Houten JL. Novel Insights into the Development and Function of Cilia Using the Advantages of the Paramecium Cell and Its Many Cilia. Cells 2015; 4:297-314. [PMID: 26230712 PMCID: PMC4588038 DOI: 10.3390/cells4030297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Paramecium species, especially P. tetraurelia and caudatum, are model organisms for modern research into the form and function of cilia. In this review, we focus on the ciliary ion channels and other transmembrane proteins that control the beat frequency and wave form of the cilium by controlling the signaling within the cilium. We put these discussions in the context of the advantages that Paramecium brings to the understanding of ciliary motility: mutants for genetic dissections of swimming behavior, electrophysiology, structural analysis, abundant cilia for biochemistry and modern proteomics, genomics and molecular biology. We review the connection between behavior and physiology, which allows the cells to broadcast the function of their ciliary channels in real time. We build a case for the important insights and advantages that this model organism continues to bring to the study of cilia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junji Yano
- Department of Biology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Megan S Valentine
- Department of Biology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
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42
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Novas R, Cardenas-Rodriguez M, Irigoín F, Badano JL. Bardet-Biedl syndrome: Is it only cilia dysfunction? FEBS Lett 2015; 589:3479-91. [PMID: 26231314 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2015.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) is a genetically heterogeneous, pleiotropic disorder, characterized by both congenital and late onset defects. From the analysis of the mutational burden in patients to the functional characterization of the BBS proteins, this syndrome has become a model for both understanding oligogenic patterns of inheritance and the biology of a particular cellular organelle: the primary cilium. Here we briefly review the genetics of BBS to then focus on the function of the BBS proteins, not only in the context of the cilium but also highlighting potential extra-ciliary roles that could be relevant to the etiology of the disorder. Finally, we provide an overview of how the study of this rare syndrome has contributed to the understanding of cilia biology and how this knowledge has informed on the cellular basis of different clinical manifestations that characterize BBS and the ciliopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossina Novas
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Mataojo 2020, Montevideo CP11400, Uruguay
| | | | - Florencia Irigoín
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Mataojo 2020, Montevideo CP11400, Uruguay; Departamento de Histología y Embriología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Gral. Flores 2125, Montevideo CP11800, Uruguay
| | - Jose L Badano
- Human Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Mataojo 2020, Montevideo CP11400, Uruguay.
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43
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DDA3 targets Cep290 into the centrosome to regulate spindle positioning. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 463:88-94. [PMID: 25998387 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The centrosome is an important cellular organelle which nucleates microtubules (MTs) to form the cytoskeleton during interphase and the mitotic spindle during mitosis. The Cep290 is one of the centrosomal proteins and functions in cilia formation. Even-though it is in the centrosome, the function of Cep290 in mitosis had not yet been evaluated. In this study, we report a novel function of Cep290 that is involved in spindle positioning. Cep290 was identified as an interacting partner of DDA3, and we confirmed that Cep290 specifically localizes in the mitotic centrosome. Depletion of Cep290 caused a reduction of the astral spindle, leading to misorientation of the mitotic spindle. MT polymerization also decreased in Cep290-depleted cells, suggesting that Cep290 is involved in spindle nucleation. Furthermore, DDA3 stabilizes and transports Cep290 to the centrosome. Therefore, we concluded that DDA3 controls astral spindle formation and spindle positioning by targeting Cep290 to the centrosome.
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Yukawa M, Ikebe C, Toda T. The Msd1-Wdr8-Pkl1 complex anchors microtubule minus ends to fission yeast spindle pole bodies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 209:549-62. [PMID: 25987607 PMCID: PMC4442821 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201412111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Msd1–Wdr8 are delivered by Pkl1 to mitotic spindle pole bodies, where the Msd1–Wdr8–Pkl1 complex anchors the minus ends of spindle microtubules and antagonizes the outward-pushing forces generated by Cut7/kinesin-5 in fission yeast. The minus ends of spindle microtubules are anchored to a microtubule-organizing center. The conserved Msd1/SSX2IP proteins are localized to the spindle pole body (SPB) and the centrosome in fission yeast and humans, respectively, and play a critical role in microtubule anchoring. In this paper, we show that fission yeast Msd1 forms a ternary complex with another conserved protein, Wdr8, and the minus end–directed Pkl1/kinesin-14. Individual deletion mutants displayed the identical spindle-protrusion phenotypes. Msd1 and Wdr8 were delivered by Pkl1 to mitotic SPBs, where Pkl1 was tethered through Msd1–Wdr8. The spindle-anchoring defect imposed by msd1/wdr8/pkl1 deletions was suppressed by a mutation of the plus end–directed Cut7/kinesin-5, which was shown to be mutual. Intriguingly, Pkl1 motor activity was not required for its anchoring role once targeted to the SPB. Therefore, spindle anchoring through Msd1–Wdr8–Pkl1 is crucial for balancing the Cut7/kinesin-5–mediated outward force at the SPB. Our analysis provides mechanistic insight into the spatiotemporal regulation of two opposing kinesins to ensure mitotic spindle bipolarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Yukawa
- The Francis Crick Institute, Lincoln's Inn Fields Laboratory, London WC2A 3LY, England, UK Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Graduate School of Advanced Sciences of Matter, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan
| | - Chiho Ikebe
- The Francis Crick Institute, Lincoln's Inn Fields Laboratory, London WC2A 3LY, England, UK
| | - Takashi Toda
- The Francis Crick Institute, Lincoln's Inn Fields Laboratory, London WC2A 3LY, England, UK
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A Potential Contributory Role for Ciliary Dysfunction in the 16p11.2 600 kb BP4-BP5 Pathology. Am J Hum Genet 2015; 96:784-96. [PMID: 25937446 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2015.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The 16p11.2 600 kb copy-number variants (CNVs) are associated with mirror phenotypes on BMI, head circumference, and brain volume and represent frequent genetic lesions in autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and schizophrenia. Here we interrogated the transcriptome of individuals carrying reciprocal 16p11.2 CNVs. Transcript perturbations correlated with clinical endophenotypes and were enriched for genes associated with ASDs, abnormalities of head size, and ciliopathies. Ciliary gene expression was also perturbed in orthologous mouse models, raising the possibility that ciliary dysfunction contributes to 16p11.2 pathologies. In support of this hypothesis, we found structural ciliary defects in the CA1 hippocampal region of 16p11.2 duplication mice. Moreover, by using an established zebrafish model, we show genetic interaction between KCTD13, a key driver of the mirrored neuroanatomical phenotypes of the 16p11.2 CNV, and ciliopathy-associated genes. Overexpression of BBS7 rescues head size and neuroanatomical defects of kctd13 morphants, whereas suppression or overexpression of CEP290 rescues phenotypes induced by KCTD13 under- or overexpression, respectively. Our data suggest that dysregulation of ciliopathy genes contributes to the clinical phenotypes of these CNVs.
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Panic M, Hata S, Neuner A, Schiebel E. The centrosomal linker and microtubules provide dual levels of spatial coordination of centrosomes. PLoS Genet 2015; 11:e1005243. [PMID: 26001056 PMCID: PMC4441491 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The centrosome is the principal microtubule organizing center in most animal cells. It consists of a pair of centrioles surrounded by pericentriolar material. The centrosome, like DNA, duplicates exactly once per cell cycle. During interphase duplicated centrosomes remain closely linked by a proteinaceous linker. This centrosomal linker is composed of rootletin filaments that are anchored to the centrioles via the protein C-Nap1. At the onset of mitosis the linker is dissolved by Nek2A kinase to support the formation of the bipolar mitotic spindle. The importance of the centrosomal linker for cell function during interphase awaits characterization. Here we assessed the phenotype of human RPE1 C-Nap1 knockout (KO) cells. The absence of the linker led to a modest increase in the average centrosome separation from 1 to 2.5 μm. This small impact on the degree of separation is indicative of a second level of spatial organization of centrosomes. Microtubule depolymerisation or stabilization in C-Nap1 KO cells dramatically increased the inter-centrosomal separation (> 8 μm). Thus, microtubules position centrosomes relatively close to one another in the absence of linker function. C-Nap1 KO cells had a Golgi organization defect with a two-fold expansion of the area occupied by the Golgi. When the centrosomes of C-Nap1 KO cells showed considerable separation, two spatially distinct Golgi stacks could be observed. Furthermore, migration of C-Nap1 KO cells was slower than their wild type RPE1 counterparts. These data show that the spatial organization of centrosomes is modulated by a combination of centrosomal cohesion and microtubule forces. Furthermore a modest increase in centrosome separation has major impact on Golgi organization and cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Panic
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg, DKFZ-ZMBH Allianz, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Shoji Hata
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg, DKFZ-ZMBH Allianz, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Annett Neuner
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg, DKFZ-ZMBH Allianz, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elmar Schiebel
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg, DKFZ-ZMBH Allianz, Heidelberg, Germany
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Hori A, Peddie CJ, Collinson LM, Toda T. Centriolar satellite- and hMsd1/SSX2IP-dependent microtubule anchoring is critical for centriole assembly. Mol Biol Cell 2015; 26:2005-19. [PMID: 25833712 PMCID: PMC4472012 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e14-11-1561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Human Msd1/SSX2IP is a component of centriolar satellites and essential for microtubule anchoring to the centrosome. Anchoring defects lead to abnormal accumulation of centriolar components at centriolar satellites, which interferes with centriole assembly. Loss of Msd1/SSX2IP produces supernumerary centriole precursors specifically in tumor cells. Centriolar satellites are numerous electron-dense granules dispersed around the centrosome. Mutations in their components are linked to various human diseases, but their molecular roles remain elusive. In particular, the significance of spatial communication between centriolar satellites and the centrosome is unknown. hMsd1/SSX2IP localizes to both the centrosome and centriolar satellites and is required for tethering microtubules to the centrosome. Here we show that hMsd1/SSX2IP-mediated microtubule anchoring is essential for proper centriole assembly and duplication. On hMsd1/SSX2IP knockdown, the centriolar satellites become stuck at the microtubule minus end near the centrosome. Intriguingly, these satellites contain many proteins that normally localize to the centrosome. Of importance, microtubule structures, albeit not being anchored properly, are still required for the emergence of abnormal satellites, as complete microtubule depolymerization results in the disappearance of these aggregates from the vicinity of the centrosome. We highlighted, using superresolution and electron microscopy, that under these conditions, centriole structures are faulty. Remarkably, these cells are insensitive to Plk4 overproduction–induced ectopic centriole formation, yet they accelerate centrosome reduplication upon hydroxyurea arrest. Finally, the appearance of satellite aggregates is cancer cell specific. Together our findings provide novel insights into the mechanism of centriole assembly and microtubule anchoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Hori
- The Francis Crick Institute, Lincoln's Inn Fields Laboratory, London WC2A 3LY, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J Peddie
- The Francis Crick Institute, Lincoln's Inn Fields Laboratory, London WC2A 3LY, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy M Collinson
- The Francis Crick Institute, Lincoln's Inn Fields Laboratory, London WC2A 3LY, United Kingdom
| | - Takashi Toda
- The Francis Crick Institute, Lincoln's Inn Fields Laboratory, London WC2A 3LY, United Kingdom
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Early steps in primary cilium assembly require EHD1/EHD3-dependent ciliary vesicle formation. Nat Cell Biol 2015; 17:228-240. [PMID: 25686250 PMCID: PMC4344897 DOI: 10.1038/ncb3109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Membrane association with mother centriole (M-centriole) distal appendages is critical for ciliogenesis initiation. How the Rab GTPase Rab11-Rab8 cascade functions in early ciliary membrane assembly is unknown. Here, we show that the membrane shaping proteins EHD1 and EHD3, in association with the Rab11-Rab8 cascade, function in early ciliogenesis. EHD1 and EHD3 localize to pre-ciliary membranes and the ciliary pocket. EHD-dependent membrane tubulation is essential for ciliary vesicle (CV) formation from smaller distal appendage vesicles (DAV). Importantly, this step functions in M-centriole to basal body transformation and recruitment of transition zone proteins and IFT20. SNAP29, a SNARE membrane fusion regulator and EHD1-binding protein, is also required for DAV-mediated CV assembly. Interestingly, only after CV assembly is Rab8 activated for ciliary growth. Our studies uncover molecular mechanisms informing a previously uncharacterized ciliogenesis step whereby EHD1 and EHD3 reorganize the M-centriole and associated DAV prior to coordinated ciliary membrane and axoneme growth.
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Tollenaere MAX, Mailand N, Bekker-Jensen S. Centriolar satellites: key mediators of centrosome functions. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:11-23. [PMID: 25173771 PMCID: PMC11114028 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-014-1711-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Revised: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Centriolar satellites are small, microscopically visible granules that cluster around centrosomes. These structures, which contain numerous proteins directly involved in centrosome maintenance, ciliogenesis, and neurogenesis, have traditionally been viewed as vehicles for protein trafficking towards the centrosome. However, the recent identification of several new centriolar satellite components suggests that this model offers only an incomplete picture of their cellular functions. While the mechanisms controlling centriolar satellite status and function are not yet understood in detail, emerging evidence points to these structures as important hubs for dynamic, multi-faceted regulation in response to a variety of cues. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of the roles of centriolar satellites in regulating centrosome functions, ciliogenesis, and neurogenesis. We also highlight newly discovered regulatory mechanisms targeting centriolar satellites and their functional status, and we discuss how defects in centriolar satellite components are intimately linked to a wide spectrum of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim A. X. Tollenaere
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ubiquitin Signaling Group, The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Niels Mailand
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ubiquitin Signaling Group, The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Simon Bekker-Jensen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ubiquitin Signaling Group, The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark
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