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Guo G, Wang W, Tu M, Zhao B, Han J, Li J, Pan Y, Zhou J, Ma W, Liu Y, Sun T, Han X, An Y. Deciphering adipose development: Function, differentiation and regulation. Dev Dyn 2024. [PMID: 38516819 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The overdevelopment of adipose tissues, accompanied by excess lipid accumulation and energy storage, leads to adipose deposition and obesity. With the increasing incidence of obesity in recent years, obesity is becoming a major risk factor for human health, causing various relevant diseases (including hypertension, diabetes, osteoarthritis and cancers). Therefore, it is of significance to antagonize obesity to reduce the risk of obesity-related diseases. Excess lipid accumulation in adipose tissues is mediated by adipocyte hypertrophy (expansion of pre-existing adipocytes) or hyperplasia (increase of newly-formed adipocytes). It is necessary to prevent excessive accumulation of adipose tissues by controlling adipose development. Adipogenesis is exquisitely regulated by many factors in vivo and in vitro, including hormones, cytokines, gender and dietary components. The present review has concluded a comprehensive understanding of adipose development including its origin, classification, distribution, function, differentiation and molecular mechanisms underlying adipogenesis, which may provide potential therapeutic strategies for harnessing obesity without impairing adipose tissue function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Guo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Wanli Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Mengjie Tu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Binbin Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Jiayang Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Jiali Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yanbing Pan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Wen Ma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Tiantian Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xu Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yang An
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Provincial Engineering Center for Tumor Molecular Medicine, Kaifeng Key Laboratory of Cell Signal Transduction, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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Hongfang G, Khan R, El-Mansi AA. Bioinformatics Analysis of miR-181a and Its Role in Adipogenesis, Obesity, and Lipid Metabolism Through Review of Literature. Mol Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s12033-023-00894-w. [PMID: 37773313 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00894-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
The miRNAs regulate various biological processes in the mammalian body system. The role of miR-181a in the development, progression, and expansion of cancers is well-documented. However, the role of miR-181a in adipogenesis; lipid metabolism; obesity; and obesity-related issues such as diabetes mellitus needs to be explored. Therefore, in the present study, the literature was searched and bioinformatics tools were applied to explore the role of miR-181a in adipogenesis. The list of adipogenic and lipogenic target genes validated through different publications were extracted and compiled. The network and functional analysis of these target genes was performed through in-silico analysis. The mature sequence of miR-181a of different species were extracted from and were found highly conserved among the curated species. Additionally, we also used various bioinformatics tools such as target gene extraction from Targetscan, miRWalk, and miRDB, and the list of the target genes from these different databases was compared, and common target genes were predicted. These common target genes were further subjected to the enrichment score and KEGG pathways analysis. The enrichment score of the vital KEGG pathways of the target genes is the key regulator of adipogenesis, lipogenesis, obesity, and obesity-related syndromes in adipose tissues. Therefore, the information presented in the current review will explore the regulatory roles of miR-181a in fat tissues and its associated functions and manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Hongfang
- Medical College of Xuchang University, No.1389, Xufan Road, Xuchang City, 461000, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Rajwali Khan
- Department of Livestock Management, Breeding and Genetics, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, 25130, Pakistan.
| | - Ahmed A El-Mansi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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MiR-125b-5p Targets MTFP1 to Inhibit Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion and Facilitate Cell Apoptosis in Endometrial Carcinoma. Mol Biotechnol 2022; 65:961-969. [DOI: 10.1007/s12033-022-00601-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Heo Y, Kim H, Lim J, Choi SS. Adipocyte differentiation between obese and lean conditions depends on changes in miRNA expression. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11543. [PMID: 35798800 PMCID: PMC9262987 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15331-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipogenesis is the process by which precursor cells, preadipocytes (preACs), differentiate into adipocytes (ACs). Here, we investigated differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) between the two conditions to understand the regulatory role of miRNAs in altering adipogenesis-related mRNAs. A total of 812 and 748 DEMs were obtained in lean and obese conditions, respectively. The up- and downregulated DEMs were highly concordant with each other in both lean and obese conditions; however, DEMs related to adipogenesis in obese conditions were more strongly downregulated than DEMs related to adipogenesis in lean conditions. There were more obese-specific downregulated DEMs than lean-specific downregulated DEMs; in contrast, there were more lean-specific upregulated DEMs than obese-specific upregulated DEMs. Approximately 45% of DEMs were mapped to the list of miRNA-target mRNA pairs when DEMs were matched to the experimentally validated list of miRNA-target mRNA information of miRTarBase. Many of the target mRNAs were differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with functions in processes such as inflammatory responses and fat metabolism. In particular, a total of 25 miRNAs that target three upregulated adipogenesis-associated inflammatory genes (IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β) were commonly altered during adipogenesis. Taken together, our study reveals the types of adipogenesis-related miRNAs that are altered and the degree to which they influence healthy or pathogenic adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yerim Heo
- Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Korea
| | - Hyunjung Kim
- Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Korea
| | - Jiwon Lim
- Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Korea
| | - Sun Shim Choi
- Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Korea.
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G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 mediates proliferation and adipogenic differentiation of goat adipose-derived stem cells through ERK1/2-NF-κB signaling pathway. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2022; 54:494-503. [PMID: 35607957 PMCID: PMC9828292 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2022031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue formation and moderate fat deposition are important for the production performance and eating quality of livestock meats. The self-renewal and adipogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells are responsible for the formation and development of adipose tissue. In addition, estrogen targeting G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1) has been reported to modulate cell proliferation and differentiation during tissue and organ development. However, the potential correlation among estrogen, GPER1, proliferation, and adipogenic differentiation in goat adipose-derived stem cells (gADSCs) is still unclear. Herein, we demonstrated that 17β-estradiol enhances the proliferative ability of gADSCs, indicated by the increased cell number and cell viability, accompanied by up-regulated expressions of cyclin D1 and PCNA. Meanwhile, the adipogenic differentiation is promoted by 17β-estradiol, supported by higher ccumulation of intracellular lipids and increased expressions of PPARγ, ACC, and FABP4. Notably, these activities are all obviously reduced by administration with GPER1 antagonist G15, but GPER1 agonist G1 enhances cell proliferation and adipogenic differentiation. Moreover, GPER1 silencing diminishes cell proliferation and adipogenic differentiation. In parallel, 17β-estradiol elevates the protein level of nuclear p-p65. Furthermore, the phosphorylation of p65 is enhanced by G1 but inhibited by G15 and GPER1 silencing. In addition, the phosphorylation of p65 is mediated by ERK1/2, suggesting that estrogen targeting GPER1 regulates cell proliferation and adipogenic differentiation of gADSCs through the ERK1/2-NF-κB signaling pathway. This study may provide a strong theoretical basis for improving meat quality, flavor, and cold resistance of livestock.
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Jin FE, Xie B, Xian HZ, Wang JH. Knockdown of miR-125b-5p inhibits the proliferation and invasion of gastric carcinoma cells by targeting RYBP. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2021; 37:863-871. [PMID: 34337862 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric carcinoma, one of the most aggressive and lethal human malignancies, is associated with poor prognosis despite progress in therapeutic strategies. This study examined the potential function and mechanism of action of microRNA-125b-5p (miR-125b-5p) in the pathogenesis of gastric carcinoma. We recognized that miR-125b-5p was elevated in gastric carcinoma, and its decreased expression was associated with a better prognosis. Loss-of-function assays showed that miR-125b-5p suppression inhibited the proliferative and invasive abilities of gastric cancer cells. Furthermore, RING1 and YY1-binding protein (RYBP) was found to be target gene for miR-125b-5p action; miR-125b-5p negatively regulates RYBP expression. According to the results of rescue experiments, RYBP downregulation partially counteracted the miR-125b-5p silence-mediated inhibitory function in gastric cancer progression. Collectively, these data elucidated the molecular mechanisms of the miR-125b-5p/RYBP axis in gastric cancer invasion and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-E Jin
- Department of Health Management, Qingdao Huangdao District Center Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Bo Xie
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Hong-Zhen Xian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jimo People's Hospital of Qingdao City, Qingdao, China
| | - Ji-Hai Wang
- Surgery Staff Room, Shandong Medical College, Linyi, China
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Ojima K, Muroya S, Wada H, Ogawa K, Oe M, Takimoto K, Nishimura T. Immature adipocyte-derived exosomes inhibit expression of muscle differentiation markers. FEBS Open Bio 2021; 11:768-781. [PMID: 33527775 PMCID: PMC7931241 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are released from a variety of cells to communicate with recipient cells. Exosomes contain microRNAs (miRNAs), which are noncoding RNAs that suppress target genes. Our previous proteomic study (FEBS Open Bio 2016, 6, 816–826) demonstrated that 3T3‐L1 adipocytes secrete exosome components as well as growth factors, inspiring us to investigate what type of miRNA is involved in adipocyte‐secreted exosomes and what functions they carry out in recipient cells. Here, we profiled miRNAs in 3T3‐L1 adipocyte‐secreted exosomes and revealed suppression of muscle differentiation by adipocyte‐derived exosomes. Through our microarray analysis, we detected over 300 exosomal miRNAs during adipocyte differentiation. Exosomal miRNAs present during adipocyte differentiation included not only pro‐adipogenic miRNAs but also miRNAs associated with muscular dystrophy. Gene ontology analysis predicted that the target genes of miRNAs are associated primarily with transcriptional regulation. To further investigate whether adipocyte‐secreted exosomes regulate the expression levels of genes involved in muscle differentiation, we treated cultured myoblasts with adipocyte‐derived exosome fractions. Intriguingly, the expression levels of myogenic regulatory factors, Myog and Myf6, and other muscle differentiation markers, myosin heavy‐chain 3 and insulin‐like growth factor 2, were significantly downregulated in myoblasts treated with adipocyte‐derived exosomes. Immature adipocyte‐derived exosomes exhibited a stronger suppressive effect than mature adipocyte‐derived exosomes. Our results suggest that adipocytes suppress the expression levels of muscle differentiation‐associated genes in myoblasts via adipocyte‐secreted exosomes containing miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Ojima
- Muscle Biology Research Unit, Division of Animal Products Research, National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, NARO, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Susumu Muroya
- Muscle Biology Research Unit, Division of Animal Products Research, National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, NARO, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hiromu Wada
- Ion Channel Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, Japan
| | - Kotaro Ogawa
- Ion Channel Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, Japan
| | - Mika Oe
- Muscle Biology Research Unit, Division of Animal Products Research, National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, NARO, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Koichi Takimoto
- Ion Channel Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, Japan
| | - Takanori Nishimura
- Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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Pant R, Firmal P, Shah VK, Alam A, Chattopadhyay S. Epigenetic Regulation of Adipogenesis in Development of Metabolic Syndrome. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:619888. [PMID: 33511131 PMCID: PMC7835429 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.619888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is one of the biggest public health concerns identified by an increase in adipose tissue mass as a result of adipocyte hypertrophy and hyperplasia. Pertaining to the importance of adipose tissue in various biological processes, any alteration in its function results in impaired metabolic health. In this review, we discuss how adipose tissue maintains the metabolic health through secretion of various adipokines and inflammatory mediators and how its dysfunction leads to the development of severe metabolic disorders and influences cancer progression. Impairment in the adipocyte function occurs due to individuals' genetics and/or environmental factor(s) that largely affect the epigenetic profile leading to altered gene expression and onset of obesity in adults. Moreover, several crucial aspects of adipose biology, including the regulation of different transcription factors, are controlled by epigenetic events. Therefore, understanding the intricacies of adipogenesis is crucial for recognizing its relevance in underlying disease conditions and identifying the therapeutic interventions for obesity and metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Pant
- National Centre for Cell Science, SP Pune University Campus, Pune, India
| | - Priyanka Firmal
- National Centre for Cell Science, SP Pune University Campus, Pune, India
| | - Vibhuti Kumar Shah
- National Centre for Cell Science, SP Pune University Campus, Pune, India
| | - Aftab Alam
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Samit Chattopadhyay
- National Centre for Cell Science, SP Pune University Campus, Pune, India.,Department of Biological Sciences, BITS Pilani, Goa, India
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Li G, Chen Y, Jin W, Zhai B, Li Y, Sun G, Li H, Kang X, Tian Y. Effects of miR-125b-5p on Preadipocyte Proliferation and Differentiation in Chicken. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:491-502. [PMID: 33398680 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-06080-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Our previous studies have shown that miR-125b-5p was highly expressed and significantly upregulated during abdominal fat deposition in chickens. However, the role of miR-125b in the regulation of adipogenesis is not clear in chickens. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of miR-125b-5p on preadipocyte proliferation and differentiation and the interaction between miR-125b-5p and the acyl-CoA synthetase bubblegum family member 2 (ACSBG2) gene in adipogenesis in chicken abdominal adipose tissue. Here, transfection tests of miR-125b-5p mimic/inhibitor were performed in preadipocytes, and the effects of miR-125b-5p on preadipocytes proliferation and differentiation were analyzed. The target site of miR-125b-5p in the 3'UTR (untranslated region) of ACSBG2 were verified by a luciferase reporter assay. Our results showed that miR-125b-5p overexpression inhibited proliferation and reduced the number of cells in S phase and G2/M phase in preadipocytes; conversely, miR-125b-5p inhibition promoted the proliferation and increased the number of cells in S phase and G2/M phase. In adipocytes after induction, miR-125b-5p overexpression led to a notable increase in the accumulation of lipid droplets as well as in the concentration of triglycerides, while miR-125b-5p inhibition had the opposite effect. Furthermore, miR-125b-5p could directly bind to the 3'UTR of ACSBG2, and its overexpression could significantly repress the mRNA and protein expression of ACSBG2. These results indicate that miR-125b-5p can inhibit preadipocyte proliferation and can promote preadipocyte differentiation to affect adipogenesis in chicken abdominal adipose tissues, at least partially by downregulating ACSBG2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxi Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450002, P. R. China.
| | - Yi Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450002, P. R. China
| | - Wenjiao Jin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450002, P. R. China
| | - Bin Zhai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450002, P. R. China
| | - Yuanfang Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450002, P. R. China
| | - Guirong Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450002, P. R. China
| | - Hong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450002, P. R. China
| | - Xiangtao Kang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450002, P. R. China
| | - Yadong Tian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450002, P. R. China.
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MiR-125b-2 knockout increases high-fat diet-induced fat accumulation and insulin resistance. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21969. [PMID: 33319811 PMCID: PMC7738482 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77714-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Obese individuals are more susceptible to comorbidities than individuals of healthy weight, including cardiovascular disease and metabolic disorders. MicroRNAs are a class of small and noncoding RNAs that are implicated in the regulation of chronic human diseases. We previously reported that miR-125b plays a critical role in adipogenesis in vitro. However, the involvement of miR-125b-2 in fat metabolism in vivo remains unknown. In the present study, miR-125b-2 knockout mice were generated using CRISPR/CAS9 technology, resulting in mice with a 7 bp deletion in the seed sequence of miR-125b-2. MiR-125b-2 knockout increased the weight of liver tissue, epididymal white fat and inguinal white fat. MiR-125b-2 knockout also increased adipocyte volume in HFD-induced obese mice, while there were no significant differences in body weight and feed intake versus mice fed a normal diet. Additionally, qRT-PCR and western blot analysis revealed that the expression of the miR-125b-2 target gene SCD-1 and fat synthesis-associated genes, such as PPARγ and C/EBPα, were significantly up-regulated in miR-125b-2KO mice (P < 0.05). Moreover, miR-125b-2KO altered HFD-induced changes in glucose tolerance and insulin resistance. In conclusion, we show that miR-125b-2 is a novel potential target for regulating fat accumulation, and also a candidate target to develop novel treatment strategies for obesity and diabetes.
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Wang L, Shan T. Factors inducing transdifferentiation of myoblasts into adipocytes. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:2276-2289. [PMID: 32989814 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Fat infiltration in skeletal muscle is observed in several myopathies, is associated with muscular dysfunction, and is strongly correlated with insulin resistance, diabetes, obesity, and aging. In animal production, skeletal muscle fat (also known as intermuscular and intramuscular fat) is positively related to meat quality including tenderness, flavor, and juiciness. Thus, understanding the cell origin and regulation mechanism of skeletal muscle fat infiltration is important for developing therapies against human myopathies as well as for improving meat quality. Notably, age, sarcopenia, oxidative stress, injury, and regeneration can activate adipogenic differentiation potential in myoblasts and affect fat accumulation in skeletal muscle. In addition, several transcriptional and nutritional factors can directly induce transdifferentiation of myoblasts into adipocytes. In this review, we focused on the recent progress in understanding the muscle-to-adipocyte differentiation and summarized and discussed the genetic, nutritional, and physiological factors that can induce transdifferentiation of myoblasts into adipocytes. Moreover, the regulatory roles and mechanisms of these factors during the transdifferentiation process were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyi Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tizhong Shan
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition, Hangzhou, China
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12
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Ambele MA, Dhanraj P, Giles R, Pepper MS. Adipogenesis: A Complex Interplay of Multiple Molecular Determinants and Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124283. [PMID: 32560163 PMCID: PMC7349855 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation of adipocytes during embryogenesis has been largely understudied. However, preadipocytes appear to originate from multipotent mesenchymal stromal/stem cells which migrate from the mesoderm to their anatomical localization. Most studies on adipocyte formation (adipogenesis) have used preadipocytes derived from adult stem/stromal cells. Adipogenesis consists of two phases, namely commitment and terminal differentiation. This review discusses the role of signalling pathways, epigenetic modifiers, and transcription factors in preadipocyte commitment and differentiation into mature adipocytes, as well as limitations in our understanding of these processes. To date, a limited number of transcription factors, genes and signalling pathways have been described to regulate preadipocyte commitment. One reason could be that most studies on adipogenesis have used preadipocytes already committed to the adipogenic lineage, which are therefore not suitable for studying preadipocyte commitment. Conversely, over a dozen molecular players including transcription factors, genes, signalling pathways, epigenetic regulators, and microRNAs have been described to be involved in the differentiation of preadipocytes to adipocytes; however, only peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma has proven to be clinically relevant. A detailed understanding of how the molecular players underpinning adipogenesis relate to adipose tissue function could provide new therapeutic approaches for addressing obesity without compromising adipose tissue function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melvin A. Ambele
- Department of Immunology, and SAMRC Extramural Unit for Stem Cell Research and Therapy, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (M.A.A.); (P.D.); (R.G.)
- Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Priyanka Dhanraj
- Department of Immunology, and SAMRC Extramural Unit for Stem Cell Research and Therapy, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (M.A.A.); (P.D.); (R.G.)
| | - Rachel Giles
- Department of Immunology, and SAMRC Extramural Unit for Stem Cell Research and Therapy, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (M.A.A.); (P.D.); (R.G.)
| | - Michael S. Pepper
- Department of Immunology, and SAMRC Extramural Unit for Stem Cell Research and Therapy, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (M.A.A.); (P.D.); (R.G.)
- Correspondence:
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Luca E, Turcekova K, Hartung A, Mathes S, Rehrauer H, Krützfeldt J. Genetic deletion of microRNA biogenesis in muscle cells reveals a hierarchical non-clustered network that controls focal adhesion signaling during muscle regeneration. Mol Metab 2020; 36:100967. [PMID: 32240622 PMCID: PMC7139120 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2020.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Decreased muscle mass is a major contributor to age-related morbidity, and strategies to improve muscle regeneration during ageing are urgently needed. Our aim was to identify the subset of relevant microRNAs (miRNAs) that partake in critical aspects of muscle cell differentiation, irrespective of computational predictions, genomic clustering or differential expression of the miRNAs. METHODS miRNA biogenesis was deleted in primary myoblasts using a tamoxifen-inducible CreLox system and combined with an add-back miRNA library screen. RNA-seq experiments, cellular signalling events, and glycogen synthesis, along with miRNA inhibitors, were performed in human primary myoblasts. Muscle regeneration in young and aged mice was assessed using the cardiotoxin (CTX) model. RESULTS We identified a hierarchical non-clustered miRNA network consisting of highly (miR-29a), moderately (let-7) and mildly active (miR-125b, miR-199a, miR-221) miRNAs that cooperate by directly targeting members of the focal adhesion complex. Through RNA-seq experiments comparing single versus combinatorial inhibition of the miRNAs, we uncovered a fundamental feature of this network, that miRNA activity inversely correlates to miRNA cooperativity. During myoblast differentiation, combinatorial inhibition of the five miRNAs increased activation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), AKT, and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and improved myotube formation and insulin-dependent glycogen synthesis. Moreover, antagonizing the miRNA network in vivo following CTX-induced muscle regeneration enhanced muscle mass and myofiber formation in young and aged mice. CONCLUSION Our results provide novel insights into the dynamics of miRNA cooperativity and identify a miRNA network as therapeutic target for impaired focal adhesion signalling and muscle regeneration during ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edlira Luca
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich, 8091, Switzerland
| | - Katarina Turcekova
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich, 8091, Switzerland; Competence Center Personalized Medicine UZH/ETH, ETH Zurich and University of Zurich, 8091, Switzerland
| | - Angelika Hartung
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich, 8091, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Mathes
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich, 8091, Switzerland; Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, 8091, Switzerland
| | - Hubert Rehrauer
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich UZH/ETH, ETH Zurich and University of Zurich, 8091, Switzerland
| | - Jan Krützfeldt
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich, 8091, Switzerland; Competence Center Personalized Medicine UZH/ETH, ETH Zurich and University of Zurich, 8091, Switzerland; Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, University of Zurich, 8091, Switzerland.
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Shen L, Li Q, Wang J, Zhao Y, Niu L, Bai L, Shuai S, Li X, Zhang S, Zhu L. miR-144-3p Promotes Adipogenesis Through Releasing C/EBPα From Klf3 and CtBP2. Front Genet 2018; 9:677. [PMID: 30619490 PMCID: PMC6305703 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding RNAs, have been proved as novel and potent regulators of adipogenesis. A previous study has found out that miR-144-3p was a biomarker of type 2 diabetes, but the role of miR-144-3p in regulating adipogenesis was still unclear. In the present study, the expression of miR-144-3p increased in obese mice and during the 3T3-L1 differentiation process. Overexpression of miR-144-3p suppressed the expression of cell cycle regulatory factors and inhibited pre-adipocytes proliferation. Besides, overexpression of miR-144-3p accelerated lipid accumulation in adipocytes and positively regulated adipogenesis, which was also accompanied by increasing the expression of genes related to fatty acid synthesis and decreasing the expression of genes involved in fatty acid oxidation. Furthermore, luciferase activity assays indicated that miR-144-3p directly targeted Klf3 and CtBP2. The process was also confirmed by the mRNA and protein expression of Klf3 and CtBP2, which were suppressed by miR-144-3p. Furthermore, miR-144-3p targeting Klf3/CtBP2 would induce C/EBPα activity by releasing corepressors (Klf3 and CtBP2) from its promoter region. Moreover, we also observed that miR-144-3p could promote adipogenesis in mice injected with miR-144-3p agomir through tail-vein injection. Taken together, these results support that miR-144-3p can facilitate adipogenesis both in vitro and in vivo, which implies that miR-144-3p could be a target for therapeutic intervention in obesity and metabolic syndrome in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyuan Shen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Sichuan Province General Station of Animal Husbandry, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinyong Wang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing, China
| | - Ye Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lili Niu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Bai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Surong Shuai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuewei Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shunhua Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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15
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Park JS, Kim M, Song NJ, Kim JH, Seo D, Lee JH, Jung SM, Lee JY, Lee J, Lee YS, Park KW, Park SH. A Reciprocal Role of the Smad4-Taz Axis in Osteogenesis and Adipogenesis of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Stem Cells 2018; 37:368-381. [PMID: 30444564 PMCID: PMC7379966 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells that can differentiate into mature cells of various cell types. Although the differentiation process of MSCs requires lineage-specific transcription factors, the exact molecular mechanism that determines MSCs differentiation is not clearly addressed. Here, we demonstrate a Smad4-Taz axis as a new intrinsic regulator for adipo-osteogenic differentiation of MSCs and show that this function of Smad4 is independent of the transforming growth factor-β signal. Smad4 directly bound to the Taz protein and facilitated nuclear localization of Taz through its nuclear localization signal. Nuclear retention of Taz by direct binding to Smad4 increased expression of osteogenic genes through enhancing Taz-runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) interactions in the C3H10T1/2 MSC cell line and preosteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells, whereas it suppressed expression of adipogenic genes through promoting Taz-peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) interaction in C3H10T1/2 and preadipogenic 3T3-L1 cells. A reciprocal role of the Smad4 in osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation was also observed in human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (hASCs). Consequently, Smad4 depletion in C3H10T1/2 and hASCs reduced nuclear retention of Taz and thus caused the decreased interaction with Runx2 or PPARγ, resulting in delayed osteogenesis or enhanced adipogenesis of the MSC. Therefore, these findings provide insight into a novel function of Smad4 to regulate the balance of MSC lineage commitment through reciprocal targeting of the Taz protein in osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation pathways. Stem Cells 2019;37:368-381.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Seok Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Minbeom Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - No-Joon Song
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jun-Hyeong Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Dongyeob Seo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Ji-Hyung Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Su Myung Jung
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jae Young Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jaewon Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Youn Sook Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Kye Won Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Seok Hee Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
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16
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Zhang M, Sheng S, Zhang W, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Zhang M, Hatch GM, Chen L. MiR27a Promotes the Development of Macrophage-like Characteristics in 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes. Int J Biol Sci 2018; 14:1599-1609. [PMID: 30263011 PMCID: PMC6158720 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.26274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Recruitment and polarization of classically activated (M1) macrophages within adipose tissue contribute to chronic low-grade inflammation in obesity. Adipose tissue precursor cells exhibit the capacity to develop macrophage-like characteristics and adipocyte-derived miR27a is known to promote reprogramming of somatic cells. It was unknown whether exogenous addition of miR27a promote the development of macrophage-like characteristics of adipose precursor cells. We examined macrophage surface antigen, phagocytosis and migration ability in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes transfected with miR27a mimics. Transfection of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes with miR27a mimics increased phagocytosis and migration and increased the number of cells expressing the macrophage makers F4/80 and MHC compared to controls. M2 and CD206 macrophage markers were unaltered. In addition, transfection of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes with miR27a mimics reduced PPARγ expression, activated NF-κB and promoted secretion of the inflammatory cytokines MCP-1, TNF-α and IL-1β compared to controls. The level of anti-inflammatory factors Arg-1, IL-10, Ym1 and Fizz1 were unaltered. Secretion of miR27a was increased in conditioned medium prepared from palmitic acid-treated differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes compared to controls. Incubation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes with this conditioned medium increased phagocytosis and migration compared to controls. Finally, conditioned medium prepared from differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes transfection with miR27a inhibitors reduced phagocytosis and migration in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes compared to controls. The data indicate that PPARγ agonists may reverse the activation of NF-κB pathway mediated by miR27a overexpression and reduce phagocytosis and migration of adipose precursor cells. In addition, miR27a may promote the development of macrophage-like characteristics in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meishuang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Shidong Sheng
- Department of Surgery, Hepatology Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, Jilin, 130021,China
| | - Wenyou Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Zhanqiang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Grant M Hatch
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Center for Research and Treatment of Atherosclerosis, University of Manitoba, DREAM, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3E 3P4
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.,School of nursing, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
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17
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The utrophin-beta 2 syntrophin complex regulates adipocyte lipid droplet size independent of adipogenesis. Mol Cell Biochem 2018; 452:29-39. [PMID: 30014220 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-018-3409-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Utrophin is a widely expressed cytoskeleton protein and is associated with lipid droplets (LDs) in adipocytes. The scaffold protein beta 2 syntrophin (SNTB2) controls signaling events by recruiting distinct membrane and cytoskeletal proteins, and binds to utrophin. Here we show that SNTB2 forms a complex with utrophin in adipocytes. SNTB2 protein is strongly diminished when utrophin is low. Of note, knock-down of utrophin or SNTB2 enhances LD growth during adipogenesis. SNTB2 reduction has no effect on basal and induced lipolysis, and insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of Akt is normal. The antilipolytic activity of insulin is enhanced in adipocytes with low SNTB2, while knock-down of utrophin has no effect. Uptake of exogenously supplied oleate and linoleate is comparable in scrambled and SNTB2 siRNA-treated cells. In the fibroblasts, diminished SNTB2 is associated with lower proliferation. CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha and sterol regulatory element-binding proteins which are critical transcription factors for adipogenesis are normally expressed. Consequently, maturation of cells with SNTB2 knock-down is not grossly impaired. In fibroblasts, SNTB2 is localized to filamentous and vesicular structures which are distinct from beta actin, alpha tubulin, endoplasmic reticulum, early endosomes, lysosomes and mitochondria. Collectively, our data provide evidence that the utrophin-SNTB2 complex regulates LD size without affecting adipogenesis.
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18
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Zhang Y, Wu X, Liang C, Bao P, Ding X, Chu M, Jia C, Guo X, Yan P. MicroRNA-200a regulates adipocyte differentiation in the domestic yak Bos grunniens. Gene 2018; 650:41-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.01.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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19
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Lopez-Mejia IC, Castillo-Armengol J, Lagarrigue S, Fajas L. Role of cell cycle regulators in adipose tissue and whole body energy homeostasis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:975-987. [PMID: 28988292 PMCID: PMC11105252 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2668-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
In the course of the last decades, metabolism research has demonstrated that adipose tissue is not an inactive tissue. Rather, adipocytes are key actors of whole body energy homeostasis. Numerous novel regulators of adipose tissue differentiation and function have been identified. With the constant increase of obesity and associated disorders, the interest in adipose tissue function alterations in the XXIst century has become of paramount importance. Recent data suggest that adipocyte differentiation, adipose tissue browning and mitochondrial function, lipogenesis and lipolysis are strongly modulated by the cell division machinery. This review will focus on the function of cell cycle regulators in adipocyte differentiation, adipose tissue function and whole body energy homeostasis; with particular attention in mouse studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- I C Lopez-Mejia
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Physiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - J Castillo-Armengol
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Physiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - S Lagarrigue
- Department of Physiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - L Fajas
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Department of Physiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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20
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Zaiou M, El Amri H, Bakillah A. The clinical potential of adipogenesis and obesity-related microRNAs. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2018; 28:91-111. [PMID: 29170059 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2017.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a growing health problem commonly associated with numerous metabolic disorders including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and some forms of cancer. The burden of obesity and associated cardiometabolic diseases are believed to arise through complex interplay between genetics and epigenetics predisposition, nutrition, environment, and lifestyle. However, the molecular basis and the repertoire of obesity-affecting factors are still unknown. Emerging evidence is connecting microRNAs (miRNAs) dysregulation with adipogenesis and obesity. Alteration in miRNAs expression could result in changes in the pattern of genes controlling a range of biological processes including inflammation, lipid metabolism, insulin resistance and adipogenesis. Hence, understanding exact roles of miRNAs as well as the degree of their contribution to the regulation of adipogenesis and fat cell development in obesity would provide new therapeutic targets for the development of novel and effective anti-obesity drugs. The objective of the current review is to: (i) discuss some of the latest development on relevant miRNAs dysregulation mainly in human adipogenesis and obesity, (ii) emphasize the role of circulating miRNAs as new promising therapeutics and attractive potential biomarkers for treating obesity and associated risk factor diseases, (iii) describe how dietary factors may influence obesity through modulation of miRNAs expression, (iv) highlight some of the actual limitations to the promise of miRNAs as novel therapeutics as well as to their translation for the benefit of patients, and finally (v) provide recommendations for future research on miRNA-based therapeutics that could lead to a breakthrough in the treatment of obesity and its associated pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zaiou
- Université de Lorraine, Faculté de Pharmacie, 5 rue Albert Lebrun, 54000, Nancy, France.
| | - H El Amri
- Laboratoire de Génétique de la Gendarmerie Royale, Avenue Ibn Sina, Agdal, Rabat, Morocco
| | - A Bakillah
- State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Department of Medicine, 450 Clarkson Ave., Brooklyn, NY, 11203, USA
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21
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Amri EZ, Scheideler M. Small non coding RNAs in adipocyte biology and obesity. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017; 456:87-94. [PMID: 28412522 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Obesity has reached epidemic proportions world-wide and constitutes a substantial risk factor for hypertension, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and certain cancers. So far, regulation of energy intake by dietary and pharmacological treatments has met limited success. The main interest of current research is focused on understanding the role of different pathways involved in adipose tissue function and modulation of its mass. Whole-genome sequencing studies revealed that the majority of the human genome is transcribed, with thousands of non-protein-coding RNAs (ncRNA), which comprise small and long ncRNAs. ncRNAs regulate gene expression at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional level. Numerous studies described the involvement of ncRNAs in the pathogenesis of many diseases including obesity and associated metabolic disorders. ncRNAs represent potential diagnostic biomarkers and promising therapeutic targets. In this review, we focused on small ncRNAs involved in the formation and function of adipocytes and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcel Scheideler
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.
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22
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Brandão BB, Guerra BA, Mori MA. Shortcuts to a functional adipose tissue: The role of small non-coding RNAs. Redox Biol 2017; 12:82-102. [PMID: 28214707 PMCID: PMC5312655 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes are a major public health issue worldwide. These diseases are often linked to a dysfunctional adipose tissue. Fat is a large, heterogenic, pleiotropic and rather complex tissue. It is found in virtually all cavities of the human body, shows unique plasticity among tissues, and harbors many cell types in addition to its main functional unit - the adipocyte. Adipose tissue function varies depending on the localization of the fat depot, the cell composition of the tissue and the energy status of the organism. While the white adipose tissue (WAT) serves as the main site for triglyceride storage and acts as an important endocrine organ, the brown adipose tissue (BAT) is responsible for thermogenesis. Beige adipocytes can also appear in WAT depots to sustain heat production upon certain conditions, and it is becoming clear that adipose tissue depots can switch phenotypes depending on cell autonomous and non-autonomous stimuli. To maintain such degree of plasticity and respond adequately to changes in the energy balance, three basic processes need to be properly functioning in the adipose tissue: i) adipogenesis and adipocyte turnover, ii) metabolism, and iii) signaling. Here we review the fundamental role of small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) in these processes, with focus on microRNAs, and demonstrate their importance in adipose tissue function and whole body metabolic control in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna B Brandão
- Program in Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Beatriz A Guerra
- Program in Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Marcelo A Mori
- Program in Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil; Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
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23
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Role of microRNAs on adipogenesis, chronic low-grade inflammation, and insulin resistance in obesity. Nutrition 2017; 35:28-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Integrating miRNA and mRNA Expression Profiling Uncovers miRNAs Underlying Fat Deposition in Sheep. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:1857580. [PMID: 28293627 PMCID: PMC5331317 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1857580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous, noncoding RNAs that regulate various biological processes including adipogenesis and fat metabolism. Here, we adopted a deep sequencing approach to determine the identity and abundance of miRNAs involved in fat deposition in adipose tissues from fat-tailed (Kazakhstan sheep, KS) and thin-tailed (Tibetan sheep, TS) sheep breeds. By comparing HiSeq data of these two breeds, 539 miRNAs were shared in both breeds, whereas 179 and 97 miRNAs were uniquely expressed in KS and TS, respectively. We also identified 35 miRNAs that are considered to be putative novel miRNAs. The integration of miRNA-mRNA analysis revealed that miRNA-associated targets were mainly involved in the gene ontology (GO) biological processes concerning cellular process and metabolic process, and miRNAs play critical roles in fat deposition through their ability to regulate fundamental pathways. These pathways included the MAPK signaling pathway, FoxO and Wnt signaling pathway, and focal adhesion. Taken together, our results define miRNA expression signatures that may contribute to fat deposition and lipid metabolism in sheep.
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Abstract
The worldwide epidemic of obesity demands novel and more effective therapeutic approaches. Fat cells are at the core of energy metabolism trying either to cope with a positive energy balance by hypertrophy and hyperplasia of energy storing white adipocytes or to counteract obesity by the induction of non-shivering thermogenesis in energy combusting brite/brown adipocytes. However, the comprehensive regulatory network of adipocyte formation remains to be elucidated. MicroRNAs are an emerging class of important regulatory determinants in many biological processes and diseases, including adipocyte formation and obesity. In this review, microRNAs governing the formation of white, brite and brown adipocytes as well as candidates with impact on obesity are overviewed, concluded with recommendations for further research that considers prerequisites for successful therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Scheideler
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.
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26
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Altered Expressions of miR-1238-3p, miR-494, miR-6069, and miR-139-3p in the Formation of Chronic Brucellosis. J Immunol Res 2016; 2016:4591468. [PMID: 27722176 PMCID: PMC5046029 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4591468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease that is still endemic in developing countries. Despite early diagnosis and treatment of patients, chronic infections are seen in 10–30% of patients. In this study, we aimed to investigate the immunological factors that play roles in the transition of brucellosis from acute infection into chronic infection. Here, more than 2000 miRNAs were screened in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with acute or chronic brucellosis and healthy controls by using miRNA array, and the results of the miRNA array were validated through qRT-PCR. Findings were evaluated using GeneSpring GX (Agilent) 13.0 software and KEGG pathway analysis. Four miRNAs were expressed in the chronic group but were not expressed in acute and control groups. Among these miRNAs, the expression level of miR-1238-3p was increased while miR-494, miR-6069, and miR-139-3p were decreased (p < 0.05, fold change > 2). These miRNAs have the potential to be markers for chronic cases. The differentially expressed miRNAs and their predicted target genes involved in endocytosis, regulation of actin cytoskeleton, MAPK signaling pathway, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction and its chemokine signaling pathway indicate their potential roles in chronic brucellosis and its progression. It is the first study of miRNA expression analysis of human PBMC to clarify the mechanism of inveteracy in brucellosis.
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Rockstroh D, Löffler D, Kiess W, Landgraf K, Körner A. Regulation of human adipogenesis by miR125b-5p. Adipocyte 2016; 5:283-97. [PMID: 27617174 PMCID: PMC5013983 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2016.1195044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs that regulate target gene expression at the post-transcriptional level and are supposed to be implicated in the control of adipogenesis. We aimed to identify miRNAs which are involved in the regulation of human adipogenesis and searched for their molecular targets. Applying microarray-analysis we identified miR125b-5p as upregulated during human adipocyte differentiation, although its role during adipogenesis is unknown. We identified and characterized the matrix metalloproteinase 11 (MMP11) as a direct target of miR125b-5p by showing that miR125b-5p overexpression significantly reduces MMP11 luciferase activity and mutation of any single binding site was sufficient to abolish the miR125b-5p mediated inhibition of luciferase activity. MMP11 overexpression decreased fat accumulation, indicating that MMP11 acts as an anti-adipogenic regulator. In contrast, overexpression of miR125b-5p itself reduced adipogenesis. In summary, we identified miR125b-5p as upregulated during human adipogenesis indicating that miR125b-5p may serve as a regulator of human adipocyte differentiation. We further show that miR125b-5p downregulates the anti-adipogenic MMP11, but directly inhibits adipogenesis itself. Taken together, these data implicate that miR125b-5p can affect human adipogenesis via MMP11 and probably additional targets.
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Giroud M, Pisani DF, Karbiener M, Barquissau V, Ghandour RA, Tews D, Fischer-Posovszky P, Chambard JC, Knippschild U, Niemi T, Taittonen M, Nuutila P, Wabitsch M, Herzig S, Virtanen KA, Langin D, Scheideler M, Amri EZ. miR-125b affects mitochondrial biogenesis and impairs brite adipocyte formation and function. Mol Metab 2016; 5:615-625. [PMID: 27656399 PMCID: PMC5021678 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective In rodents and humans, besides brown adipose tissue (BAT), islands of thermogenic adipocytes, termed “brite” (brown-in-white) or beige adipocytes, emerge within white adipose tissue (WAT) after cold exposure or β3-adrenoceptor stimulation, which may protect from obesity and associated diseases. microRNAs are novel modulators of adipose tissue development and function. The purpose of this work was to characterize the role of microRNAs in the control of brite adipocyte formation. Methods/Results Using human multipotent adipose derived stem cells, we identified miR-125b-5p as downregulated upon brite adipocyte formation. In humans and rodents, miR-125b-5p expression was lower in BAT than in WAT. In vitro, overexpression and knockdown of miR-125b-5p decreased and increased mitochondrial biogenesis, respectively. In vivo, miR-125b-5p levels were downregulated in subcutaneous WAT and interscapular BAT upon β3-adrenergic receptor stimulation. Injections of an miR-125b-5p mimic and LNA inhibitor directly into WAT inhibited and increased β3-adrenoceptor-mediated induction of UCP1, respectively, and mitochondrial brite adipocyte marker expression and mitochondriogenesis. Conclusion Collectively, our results demonstrate that miR-125b-5p plays an important role in the repression of brite adipocyte function by modulating oxygen consumption and mitochondrial gene expression. miR-125b-5p levels negatively correlate with UCP1 expression in rodent and human. miR125b levels in white adipose tissue are positively correlated with BMI. miR-125b-5p modulates oxygen consumption. Mitochondriogenesis is controlled by miR-125b-5p. In vivo modulation of miR-125b-5p controls brown and brite adipocyte formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maude Giroud
- Univ. Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, Inserm, iBV, 06100 Nice, France
| | - Didier F Pisani
- Univ. Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, Inserm, iBV, 06100 Nice, France
| | - Michael Karbiener
- Department of Phoniatrics, ENT University Hospital, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Valentin Barquissau
- Inserm, UMR1048, Obesity Research Laboratory, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Toulouse, France; University of Toulouse, UMR1048, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Daniel Tews
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, D-89075 Ulm, Germany
| | - Pamela Fischer-Posovszky
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, D-89075 Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Uwe Knippschild
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Ulm University Surgery Center, D-89075 Ulm, Germany
| | - Tarja Niemi
- Department of Endocrinology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, 20521, Finland
| | - Markku Taittonen
- Department of Endocrinology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, 20521, Finland
| | - Pirjo Nuutila
- Department of Endocrinology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, 20521, Finland; Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Martin Wabitsch
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, D-89075 Ulm, Germany
| | - Stephan Herzig
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Molecular Metabolic Control, Medical Faculty, Technical University Munich, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Kirsi A Virtanen
- Department of Endocrinology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, 20521, Finland; Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Dominique Langin
- Inserm, UMR1048, Obesity Research Laboratory, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Toulouse, France; University of Toulouse, UMR1048, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France; Toulouse University Hospitals, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Toulouse, France
| | - Marcel Scheideler
- Institute for Diabetes and Cancer (IDC), Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Joint Heidelberg-IDC Translational Diabetes Program, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Molecular Metabolic Control, Medical Faculty, Technical University Munich, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ez-Zoubir Amri
- Univ. Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, Inserm, iBV, 06100 Nice, France.
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Huang C, Geng J, Wei X, Zhang R, Jiang S. MiR-144-3p regulates osteogenic differentiation and proliferation of murine mesenchymal stem cells by specifically targetingSmad4. FEBS Lett 2016; 590:795-807. [DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2015] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Agricultural Ministry; College of Animal Science and Technology; Huazhong Agricultural University; Wuhan China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production; Wuhan China
| | - Junnan Geng
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Agricultural Ministry; College of Animal Science and Technology; Huazhong Agricultural University; Wuhan China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production; Wuhan China
| | - Xiajie Wei
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Agricultural Ministry; College of Animal Science and Technology; Huazhong Agricultural University; Wuhan China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production; Wuhan China
| | - Ruirui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Agricultural Ministry; College of Animal Science and Technology; Huazhong Agricultural University; Wuhan China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production; Wuhan China
| | - Siwen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of Agricultural Ministry; College of Animal Science and Technology; Huazhong Agricultural University; Wuhan China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production; Wuhan China
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