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Butler CT, Rodgers AM, Curtis AM, Donnelly RF. Chrono-tailored drug delivery systems: recent advances and future directions. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024; 14:1756-1775. [PMID: 38416386 PMCID: PMC11153310 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-024-01539-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms influence a range of biological processes within the body, with the central clock or suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) in the brain synchronising peripheral clocks around the body. These clocks are regulated by external cues, the most influential being the light/dark cycle, in order to synchronise with the external day. Chrono-tailored or circadian drug delivery systems (DDS) aim to optimise drug delivery by releasing drugs at specific times of day to align with circadian rhythms within the body. Although this approach is still relatively new, it has the potential to enhance drug efficacy, minimise side effects, and improve patient compliance. Chrono-tailored DDS have been explored and implemented in various conditions, including asthma, hypertension, and cancer. This review aims to introduce the biology of circadian rhythms and provide an overview of the current research on chrono-tailored DDS, with a particular focus on immunological applications and vaccination. Finally, we draw on some of the key challenges which need to be overcome for chrono-tailored DDS before they can be translated to more widespread use in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine T Butler
- Curtis Clock Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences and Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland RCSI, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aoife M Rodgers
- The Wellcome Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7B, UK
| | - Annie M Curtis
- Curtis Clock Laboratory, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences and Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland RCSI, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK.
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2
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Sagun E, Akyol A, Kaymak C. Chrononutrition in Critical Illness. Nutr Rev 2024:nuae078. [PMID: 38904422 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuae078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms in humans are biological rhythms that regulate various physiological processes within a 24-hour time frame. Critical illness can disrupt the circadian rhythm, as can environmental and clinical factors, including altered light exposure, organ replacement therapies, disrupted sleep-wake cycles, noise, continuous enteral feeding, immobility, and therapeutic interventions. Nonpharmacological interventions, controlling the ICU environment, and pharmacological treatments are among the treatment strategies for circadian disruption. Nutrition establishes biological rhythms in metabolically active peripheral tissues and organs through appropriate synchronization with endocrine signals. Therefore, adhering to a feeding schedule based on the biological clock, a concept known as "chrononutrition," appears to be vitally important for regulating peripheral clocks. Chrononutritional approaches, such as intermittent enteral feeding that includes overnight fasting and consideration of macronutrient composition in enteral solutions, could potentially restore circadian health by resetting peripheral clocks. However, due to the lack of evidence, further studies on the effect of chrononutrition on clinical outcomes in critical illness are needed. The purpose of this review was to discuss the role of chrononutrition in regulating biological rhythms in critical illness, and its impact on clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eylul Sagun
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Hacettepe University, Ankara, 06100, Turkey
| | - Asli Akyol
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Hacettepe University, Ankara, 06100, Turkey
| | - Cetin Kaymak
- Gülhane Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, University of Health Sciences, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Intensive Care Unit, Ankara, 06230, Turkey
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Petridi F, Geurts JMW, Nyakayiru J, Schaafsma A, Schaafsma D, Meex RCR, Singh-Povel CM. Effects of Early and Late Time-Restricted Feeding on Parameters of Metabolic Health: An Explorative Literature Assessment. Nutrients 2024; 16:1721. [PMID: 38892654 PMCID: PMC11175017 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Chrono-nutrition (meal timing) aligns food consumption with one's circadian rhythm. The first meal (e.g., breakfast) likely promotes synchronization of peripheral circadian clocks, thereby supporting metabolic health. Time-restricted feeding (TRF) has been shown to reduce body weight (BW) and/or improve cardiovascular biomarkers. In this explorative literature assessment, 13 TRF randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were selected from PubMed and Scopus to evaluate the effects of early (eTRF: first meal before 10:30 a.m.) and late TRF (lTRF: first meal after 11:30 a.m.) on parameters of metabolic health. Although distinct variations in study design were evident between reports, TRF consistently decreased energy intake (EI) and BW, and improved insulin resistance as well as systolic blood pressure. eTRF seemed to have a greater beneficial effect than lTRF on insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Importantly, most studies did not appear to consider chronotype in their evaluation, which may have underestimated TRF effects. TRF intervention may be a promising approach for risk reduction of human metabolic diseases. To conclusively determine benefits of TRF and identify clear differences between eTRF and lTRF, future studies should be longer-term (≥8 weeks) with well-defined (differences in) feeding windows, include participants chronotypically matching the intervention, and compare outcomes to those of control groups without any dietary limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Froso Petridi
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | - Ruth C. R. Meex
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Akbar Z, Shi Z. Unfavorable Mealtime, Meal Skipping, and Shiftwork Are Associated with Circadian Syndrome in Adults Participating in NHANES 2005-2016. Nutrients 2024; 16:1581. [PMID: 38892514 PMCID: PMC11173982 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The concept of Circadian Syndrome (CircS) aims to emphasize the circadian disruptions underlying cardiometabolic conditions. Meal timing and shiftwork may disrupt circadian rhythms, increasing cardiometabolic risk. This study aimed to assess the associations of meal timing, meal skipping, and shiftwork with CircS in US adults and explore effect modifications by sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. CircS was defined using Metabolic Syndrome components in addition to short sleep and depression symptoms. Data from 10,486 participants of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2016 were analyzed cross-sectionally. Mealtime was assessed by calculating the midpoint of intake between breakfast and dinner and dichotomizing it into favorable mealtime (between 12:30 and 13:15) and unfavorable mealtime using a data-driven approach. Meal skippers were categorized separately. Participants working evening, night, or rotating shifts were classified as shift workers. In the multivariable logistic regression analysis, an unfavorable mealtime, meal skipping, and shiftwork were associated with a higher likelihood of CircS (OR = 1.24; 95%CI 1.07-1.44, OR = 1.39; 95%CI 1.16-1.67, and OR = 1.37; 95%CI 1.01-1.87, respectively). Subgroup analyses revealed no significant interactions between meal timing, meal skipping, or shiftwork and socioeconomic status or lifestyle regarding CircS. These findings highlight the importance of aligning mealtimes with circadian rhythms for improved circadian health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zumin Shi
- Human Nutrition Department, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar;
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Saidi O, Rochette E, Dambel L, St-Onge MP, Duché P. Chrono-nutrition and sleep: lessons from the temporal feature of eating patterns in human studies - A systematic scoping review. Sleep Med Rev 2024; 76:101953. [PMID: 38788519 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2024.101953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
An emerging field of research has revealed a bidirectional relationship between sleep and diet, highlighting the potential role of a healthy diet in improving sleep. However, the impact of chrono-nutrition on sleep remains less explored. Here we conducted a systematic scoping review, considering the multiple dimensions of chrono-nutrition, to describe the extent, range, and nature of the existing literature in this area (PROSPERO: CRD42021274637). There has been a significant increase in the literature exploring this topic over the past six years (almost 67 % of the evolving literature). A breakdown of the included studies was performed according to three major chrono-nutritional dimensions: meal timing [n = 35], irregular eating patterns [n = 84], and frequency of eating occasions [n = 3]. Meal timing included three sub-dimensions: breakfast skipping [n = 13], late eating [n = 16], and earlier vs later meals schedules [n = 6]. Irregular meal patterns included three sub-dimensions: diurnal fasting [n = 65], intermittent fasting [n = 16], and daily meal patterns [n = 3]. Frequency was the least studied dimension (n = 3). We provided a synthetic and illustrative framework underlining important preliminary evidence linking the temporal characteristics of eating patterns to various facets of sleep health. Nonetheless, much work remains to be done to provide chrono-nutrition guidelines to improve sleep health in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oussama Saidi
- JAP2S Laboratory, Toulon University, F-83041, Toulon, France.
| | - Emmanuelle Rochette
- JAP2S Laboratory, Toulon University, F-83041, Toulon, France; Department of Pediatrics, Clermont-Ferrand University Hospital, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Clermont Auvergne University, INSERM, CIC 1405, CRECHE Unit, F-63000, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Lou Dambel
- JAP2S Laboratory, Toulon University, F-83041, Toulon, France
| | - Marie-Pierre St-Onge
- Center of Excellence for Sleep & Circadian Research and Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA, 10032
| | - Pascale Duché
- JAP2S Laboratory, Toulon University, F-83041, Toulon, France
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You S, Zhang HF, Zhang SL, Gao QY, Cai YW, Huang ZG, Wu YB, Chen YX, Wang JF, Gao JW, Liu PM. Sleep Patterns and Traditional Cardiovascular Health Metrics: Joint Impact on Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in a Prospective Cohort Study. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e033043. [PMID: 38686862 PMCID: PMC11179879 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.033043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study examines the association between traditional cardiovascular health (CVH) metrics and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) incidence in individuals with diverse sleep patterns. METHODS AND RESULTS We analyzed data from 208 621 participants initially free of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the UK Biobank study. Sleep patterns were assessed using scores for chronotype, duration, insomnia, snoring, and daytime dozing. Traditional CVH scores were derived from the Life's Simple 7 metrics. Cox proportional hazards multivariate regression assessed associations between distinct combinations of CVH and sleep scores and MACE, including nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, and CVD mortality. Over a mean follow-up of 12.73 years, 9253 participants experienced incident MACE. Individuals with both a healthy sleep pattern and ideal CVH levels had the lowest MACE risk compared with those with a poor sleep pattern and poor CVH levels (hazard ratio, 0.306 [95% CI, 0.257-0.365]; P<0.001). Elevated CVH scores were associated with a reduced risk of MACE across different sleep patterns. Similar trends were observed for individual MACE components, heart failure, and all-cause mortality. These findings remained robust in sensitivity analyses and across various subgroups. CONCLUSIONS In individuals without known CVD, maintaining a favorable sleep pattern and achieving optimal CVH levels, as measured by traditional metrics, were associated with the lowest MACE risk. Enhanced CVH significantly reduced CVD risk, even in individuals with a poor sleep pattern. These results emphasize the importance of considering multiple dimensions of sleep health alongside CVH to mitigate CVD risk. REGISTRATION URL: https://www.ukbiobank.ac.uk; Unique identifier: 91090.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si You
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Hai-Feng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Shao-Ling Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Qing-Yuan Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Yang-Wei Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Ze-Gui Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Yu-Biao Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Yang-Xin Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Jing-Feng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Jing-Wei Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Pin-Ming Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China
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Phoi YY, Bonham MP, Rogers M, Dorrian J, Coates AM. Construct validity and test-retest reliability of a chrononutrition questionnaire for shift work and non-shift work populations. Chronobiol Int 2024; 41:669-683. [PMID: 38666461 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2024.2342937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
The irregular eating patterns of both shift workers and evening chronotypes adversely affect cardiometabolic health. A tool that conveniently captures temporal patterns of eating alongside an indicator of circadian rhythm such as chronotype will enable researchers to explore relationships with diverse health outcome measures. We aimed to investigate the test-retest reliability and convergent validity of a Chrononutrition Questionnaire (CNQ) that captures temporal patterns of eating and chronotype in the general population (non-shift workers, university students, retirees, unemployed individuals) and shift work population. Participants attended two face-to-face/virtual sessions and completed the CNQ and food/sleep/work diaries. Outcomes included subjective chronotype, wake/sleep/mid-sleep time, sleep duration, meal/snack regularity, meal/snack/total frequency, times of first/last/largest eating occasions (EO), main meal (MM) 1/2/3, and duration of eating window (DEW). 116 participants enrolled (44.5 ± 16.5 years, BMI: 27.3 ± 5.8 kg/m2, 73% female, 52% general population); 105 completed the study. Reliability was acceptable for chronotype, sleep, and all temporal eating patterns except on night shifts. Convergent validity was good for chronotype and sleep except for certain shift/shift-free days. Generally, meal/snack regularity and frequency, and times of first/last EO showed good validity for the general population but not shift workers. Validity was good for DEW (except work-free days and afternoon shifts) and times of MM 1/2/3 (except afternoon and night shifts), while time of largest EO had poor validity. The CNQ has good test-retest reliability and acceptable convergent validity for the general and shift work population, although it will benefit from further validation, especially regarding regularity, frequency, and times of first and last eating occasions across more days amongst a larger sample size of shift workers. Use of the CNQ by researchers will expand our current understanding of chrononutrition as relationships between timing of food intake and the multitude of health outcomes are examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yin Phoi
- Allied Health and Human Performance, Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA) Research Centre, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Maxine P Bonham
- Nutrition, Dietetics & Food, Be Active Sleep Eat (BASE) Facility, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Michelle Rogers
- Allied Health and Human Performance, Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA) Research Centre, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Jillian Dorrian
- Justice and Society, Behaviour-Brain-Body Research Centre, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Alison M Coates
- Allied Health and Human Performance, Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA) Research Centre, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
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8
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Cardoso S, Correia D, Vilela S. Associations between chronotype, diet quality and timing of energy intake in Portuguese children and adolescents: The potential role of summer holidays. Chronobiol Int 2024; 41:647-657. [PMID: 38606916 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2024.2339970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Later chronotypes may be associated with lower diet quality and later timing of energy intake in paediatric age. Period of data collection of these variables may affect these parameters and inter-relationship. We aimed to assess the cross-sectional association of chronotype with a diet quality score (HEI) and caloric midpoint (time of achieving 50% of total daily energy intake), considering summer holidays, using data from the National Food, Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey 2015-2016 for 578 participants (6-14 years of age). Chronotype was estimated by the midpoint of sleep and categorized as Early, Intermediate and Late, using physical activity diaries, while outcomes using two food diaries/24 h recalls. Associations of chronotype with outcomes were assessed by linear regressions adjusted for sex, age, parental education (model 1), BMI, sports practice (model 2), and summer holidays (no/yes) (model 3). In model 2, a Late vs. Early chronotype was negatively associated with HEI (β ˆ = -0.74; 95% CI: -1.47, -0.07) and positively with caloric midpoint (β ˆ = 0.35; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.69). However, associations lost significance in model 3. The association between chronotype and dietary habits may be benefit from being studied considering school terms and summer holidays. Future larger prospective studies are needed to clarify the role of summer holidays on this inter-relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Cardoso
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Porto, Portugal
| | - Daniela Correia
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses, e Educação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sofia Vilela
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Porto, Portugal
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Ding L, Duan J, Yang T, Jin C, Lv S, Ma A, Qin Y. Association between circadian syndrome and chronic diarrhea: a cross-sectional study of NHANES 2005-2010 data. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1301450. [PMID: 38742154 PMCID: PMC11089382 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1301450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Circadian rhythms are reported to influence physiological processes in the gastrointestinal system, but associations between circadian syndrome (Circs) and chronic diarrhea (CD) remain unclear. Here, we explored such relationships to provide new insights into CD management. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional retrospective analysis using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data between 2005 and 2010. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed on weighted data to explore associations between Circs and CD. Results Results were presented using forest plots, odds ratios (ORs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Data with p-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. In total, 5,661 US participants, of which 412 had CD (weighted percentage = 6.20%), were enrolled. In univariate logistic regression analyses, participants with Circs had a significantly higher risk of CD (OR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.15-1.99). After adjusting for covariates, model 2 (OR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.03-1.90) and model 3 (OR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.01-2.00) data were consistent with model 1 data. Additionally, the number of Circs components was positively associated with CD in all three models. Subgroup analyses revealed an association between CD and Circs in participants who had high blood pressure (OR = 2.46, 95% CI: 1.48-4.11, p < 0.001). Conclusion In this cross-sectional study, we found that Circs is positively associated with the risk of CD in US adults, especially in those with high blood pressure. This association may provide new management strategies for CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - Jinnan Duan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - Chaoqiong Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - Shanmei Lv
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - Ahuo Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, China
| | - Yuehua Qin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, China
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Rahkola J, Lehtimäki AV, Abdollahi AM, Merikanto I, Vepsäläinen H, Björkqvist J, Roos E, Erkkola M, Lehto R. Association of the timing of evening eating with BMI Z-score and waist-to-height ratio among preschool-aged children in Finland. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:911-920. [PMID: 37905570 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523002350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Later timing of eating has been associated with higher adiposity among adults and children in several studies, but not all. Moreover, studies in younger children are scarce. Hence, this study investigated the associations of the timing of evening eating with BMI Z-score and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), and whether these associations were moderated by chronotype among 627 preschoolers (3-6-year-olds) from the cross-sectional DAGIS survey in Finland. Food intake was measured with 3-d food records, and sleep was measured with hip-worn actigraphy. Three variables were formed to describe the timing of evening eating: (1) clock time of the last eating occasion (EO); (2) time between the last EO and sleep onset; and (3) percentage of total daily energy intake (%TDEI) consumed 2 h before sleep onset or later. Chronotype was assessed as a sleep debt-corrected midpoint of sleep on the weekend (actigraphy data). The data were analysed with adjusted linear mixed effects models. After adjusting for several confounders, the last EO occurring closer to sleep onset (estimate = -0·006, 95 % CI (-0·010, -0·001)) and higher %TDEI consumed before sleep onset (estimate = 0·0004, 95 % CI (0·00003, 0·0007)) were associated with higher WHtR. No associations with BMI Z-score were found after adjustments. Clock time of the last EO was not significantly associated with the outcomes, and no interactions with chronotype emerged. The results highlight the importance of studying the timing of eating relative to sleep timing instead of only as clock time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna Rahkola
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Topeliuksenkatu 20, Helsinki, 00250, Finland
| | | | - Anna M Abdollahi
- University of Helsinki, Department of Food and Nutrition, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ilona Merikanto
- University of Helsinki, Faculty of Medicine, Helsinki, Finland
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Public Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
- Orton Orthopedics Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Henna Vepsäläinen
- University of Helsinki, Department of Food and Nutrition, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Josefine Björkqvist
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Topeliuksenkatu 20, Helsinki, 00250, Finland
- University of Aberdeen, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Eva Roos
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Topeliuksenkatu 20, Helsinki, 00250, Finland
- Uppsala University, Department of Food Studies, Nutrition and Dietetics, Uppsala, Sweden
- University of Helsinki, Department of Public Health, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maijaliisa Erkkola
- University of Helsinki, Department of Food and Nutrition, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Reetta Lehto
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Topeliuksenkatu 20, Helsinki, 00250, Finland
- University of Helsinki, Department of Food and Nutrition, Helsinki, Finland
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11
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Romanenko M, Schuster J, Piven L, Synieok L, Dubiley T, Bogomaz L, Hahn A, Müller M. Association of diet, lifestyle, and chronotype with metabolic health in Ukrainian adults: a cross-sectional study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5143. [PMID: 38429516 PMCID: PMC10907368 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55715-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Morning chronotypes are associated with healthier metabolic profiles and lifestyles compared to evening chronotypes. However, limited research examined the relationship between chronotype, dietary intake, and metabolic health using accurate measures such as food records. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between chronotype, dietary intake, and metabolic health markers in a cohort of Ukrainian individuals. Chronotypes were determined using the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) in 110 healthy to obese individuals (30-75 years) without type 2 diabetes. Dietary intake was derived from weighed seven days food diaries, anthropometrics and blood markers of glucose and lipid metabolism were measured. Morning chronotypes were significantly older and exhibited distinct dietary patterns, including lower intake of fat and animal protein and higher intake of carbohydrates when compared to evening chronotypes (p < 0.01). Higher MEQ scores, reflecting a tendency toward a morning chronotype, were associated with lower BMI, waist circumference, fasting triglycerides, and glucose (p < 0.05). Further, being of morning chronotype predicted better overall metabolic health. These associations remained significant after adjusting for confounders. The findings suggest that morning chronotypes have a different dietary pattern characterized by a more balanced diet and favorable metabolic profile. Synchronizing daily routines with morning preferences could positively influence metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Romanenko
- D.F. Chebotarev State Institute of Gerontology, NAMS of Ukraine, Vyshgorodska Str. 67, Kyiv, 04114, Ukraine.
- Institute of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Leibniz University Hannover, Am Kleinen Felde 30, 30167, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Julius Schuster
- Institute of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Leibniz University Hannover, Am Kleinen Felde 30, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Liubov Piven
- D.F. Chebotarev State Institute of Gerontology, NAMS of Ukraine, Vyshgorodska Str. 67, Kyiv, 04114, Ukraine
| | - Liudmyla Synieok
- D.F. Chebotarev State Institute of Gerontology, NAMS of Ukraine, Vyshgorodska Str. 67, Kyiv, 04114, Ukraine
| | - Tetyana Dubiley
- D.F. Chebotarev State Institute of Gerontology, NAMS of Ukraine, Vyshgorodska Str. 67, Kyiv, 04114, Ukraine
| | - Liudmyla Bogomaz
- D.F. Chebotarev State Institute of Gerontology, NAMS of Ukraine, Vyshgorodska Str. 67, Kyiv, 04114, Ukraine
| | - Andreas Hahn
- Institute of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Leibniz University Hannover, Am Kleinen Felde 30, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mattea Müller
- Institute of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Leibniz University Hannover, Am Kleinen Felde 30, 30167, Hannover, Germany
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12
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Benasi G, Mehr C, Liao M, Aggarwal B. The role of social support in the relation between chronotype and mental health in a cohort of women from the American Heart Association Go Red for Women Strategically Focused Research Network. Chronobiol Int 2024; 41:447-455. [PMID: 38320972 PMCID: PMC10993173 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2024.2313649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Women are disproportionally affected by psychological distress and lack of social support and are more vulnerable to the negative impact of chronotype on mental health. This study evaluates cross-sectional associations between chronotype and mental health, while assessing the mediating role of social support among women from diverse racial/ethnic backgrounds. Women from the American Heart Association Go Red for Women Research Network were included (N = 506, mean age = 37 ± 15.7, 61% racial/ethnic minority). Chronotype, depression, perceived stress, health-related quality of life, and social support were assessed at baseline using validated self-reported questionnaires. Linear regression and causal mediation analyses were performed. Depression and negative emotionality were higher among women with evening vs. morning/intermediate chronotypes (all p < 0.05). Multivariable analyses adjusted for sociodemographic and clinical confounders showed associations between evening chronotype and higher depression (p = 0.004) and negative emotionality (p = 0.010). However, these associations were no longer significant after adjusting for social support (depression: p = 0.12; negative emotionality: p = 0.18). Social support significantly mediated 44.6% and 45.8% of the total effect of chronotype on depression and negative emotionality, respectively. Social support represents a potential mechanism underlying the associations between eveningness and poor mental health. Chronotype and social support should be considered in interventions for the promotion of mental health in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Benasi
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cole Mehr
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ming Liao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brooke Aggarwal
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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13
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Eberli NS, Colas L, Gimalac A. Chrononutrition in traditional European medicine-Ideal meal timing for cardiometabolic health promotion. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2024; 22:115-125. [PMID: 38472010 DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2024.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Meal timing plays a crucial role for cardiometabolic health, given the circadian regulation of cardiometabolic function. However, to the best of our knowledge, no concept of meal timing exists in traditional European medicine (TEM). Therefore, in this narrative review, we aim to define the optimal time slot for energy intake and optimal energy distribution throughout the day in a context of TEM and explore further implications. By reviewing literature published between 2002 and 2022, we found that optimal timing for energy intake may be between 06:00 and 09:00, 12:00 and 14:00, and between 15:00 and 18:00, with high energy breakfast, medium energy lunch and low energy dinner and possibly further adjustments according to one's chronotype and genetics. Also, timing and distribution of energy intake may serve as a novel therapeutic strategy to optimize coction, a concept describing digestion and metabolism in TEM. Please cite this article as: Eberli NS, Colas L, Gimalac A. Chrononutrition in traditional European medicine-Ideal meal timing for cardiometabolic health promotion. J Integr Med. 2024; 22(2);115-125.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Selena Eberli
- Department of Traditional European Medicine, Navi Institute of Research in Integrative Health, Ecole Professionnelle Supérieure de Naturopathie, Centre André Henzelin, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland.
| | - Ludivine Colas
- Department of Traditional European Medicine, Navi Institute of Research in Integrative Health, Ecole Professionnelle Supérieure de Naturopathie, Centre André Henzelin, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Anne Gimalac
- Department of Traditional European Medicine, Navi Institute of Research in Integrative Health, Ecole Professionnelle Supérieure de Naturopathie, Centre André Henzelin, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
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14
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Dinu M, Lotti S, Pagliai G, Napoletano A, Asensi MT, Giangrandi I, Marcucci R, Amedei A, Colombini B, Sofi F. Effects of a chronotype-adapted diet on weight loss, cardiometabolic health, and gut microbiota: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2024; 25:152. [PMID: 38419068 PMCID: PMC10903039 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-024-07996-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity and its associated health complications have become a global public health concern, necessitating innovative approaches to weight management. One emerging area of research focuses on the influence of chronotype, an individual's preferred timing for daily activities, on eating habits, weight regulation, and metabolic health. Recent observational studies suggest that the misalignment between an individual's chronotype and external cues, such as meal timing, may contribute to metabolic dysregulation and obesity, but evidence from intervention studies is still limited. This study protocol describes a randomized controlled trial designed to explore the effects of a chronotype-adapted diet, compared with a diet with a conventional calorie distribution, on weight loss, cardiometabolic health, and gut microbiota composition. METHODS A total of 150 overweight/obese adults will be recruited for this 4-month parallel-group, randomized, two-arm, open-label, superiority trial with 1:1 allocation ratio. Participants will be randomly assigned to either the intervention group or the control group. The intervention group will receive a low-calorie chronotype-adapted diet with a calorie distribution adapted to the individual chronotype (morning or evening), optimizing meal timing according to their peak metabolic periods. The control group will follow a standardized low-calorie healthy eating plan without considering chronotype. Both diets will have equivalent daily calorie content, adjusted according to gender and starting weight. Anthropometric measurements, body composition, blood, and fecal samples will be obtained from each participant at the beginning and the end of the study. The primary outcome is weight change from baseline. Secondary outcomes are changes from baseline in body mass index (BMI), fat mass, lipid and glycemic profile, fecal microbiota profile, and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). DISCUSSION The results of this randomized controlled trial have the potential to advance our understanding of the complex interactions between chronotype, diet, body weight, and health outcomes. By providing evidence for personalized dietary interventions based on individuals' circadian preferences, this research could offer insights into personalized nutrition strategies. Such knowledge could guide the development of innovative dietary interventions to optimize the prevention and management of overweight and obesity, while also improving the risk profile of these individuals. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05941871. Registered on 18 May 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Dinu
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, School of Human Health Sciences, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, Florence, 50134, Italy.
| | - Sofia Lotti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, School of Human Health Sciences, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, Florence, 50134, Italy
| | - Giuditta Pagliai
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, School of Human Health Sciences, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, Florence, 50134, Italy
| | - Antonia Napoletano
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, School of Human Health Sciences, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, Florence, 50134, Italy
| | - Marta Tristan Asensi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, School of Human Health Sciences, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, Florence, 50134, Italy
| | - Ilaria Giangrandi
- Unit of Clinical Nutrition, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Rossella Marcucci
- Atherotrombotic Diseases Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, School of Human Health Sciences, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, Florence, 50134, Italy
| | - Barbara Colombini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, School of Human Health Sciences, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, Florence, 50134, Italy
| | - Francesco Sofi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, School of Human Health Sciences, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, Florence, 50134, Italy
- Unit of Clinical Nutrition, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
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15
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Svendsen M, Forslund HB. Meal patterns, including intermittent fasting - a scoping review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023. Food Nutr Res 2024; 68:10505. [PMID: 38370117 PMCID: PMC10870972 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v68.10505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction 'Meal patterns' refers to eating frequency, snacking, regularity, and timing. Here also including intermittent fasting. The effect of meal patterns on health is inconsistent and when updating the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023 (NNR2023), summarizing the evidence is important. Aims To describe the evidence for the role of meal patterns on bodyweight, body composition, and cardiovascular risk factors (i.e. blood pressure and lipid- and glukose metabolism) in healthy people living with normal weight, overweight, or obesity in all age groups. Methods An initial search in PubMed found 481 reviews, of which 104 were identified based on titles. Of these, 47 were excluded based on title and abstracts. Of the remaining 57 reviews, 16 were included reporting search terms and inclusion/exclusion criteria. In addition, 8 reviews from reference list or known by authors were included. In total, 24 reviews were relevant. Cochrane Library was searched with no results. Results All reviews were rated low or critically low (AMSTAR 2). No consistent findings on eating frequency and body weight or composition were found in children/adolescents or adults. In snacking, mixed results were found, although among adults, some consistent results showed positive associations between snacking and body weight. In regularity, breakfast skipping showed mixed results in children/adolescents on body weight and composition. Among adults, randomized controlled trials on breakfast skipping showed a minor impact on improved weight loss. In prospective studies on timing, lower energy intake during late afternoon/evening was related to less body weight. Intermittent fasting reduced body weight but was not superior to continuous energy restrictions. Cardiovascular risk factors were assessed in a minority of the reviews, and despite some beneficial effects, the evidence was limited. Conclusion Given the overall low to critically low quality of the reviews, the evidence is limited and inconclusive. No consistent results providing evidence for setting recommendations for meal patterns were shown. In this regard, meal patterns may vary within the context of an energy balanced and nutritionally adequate diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette Svendsen
- Department of Endocrinology, Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Heléne Bertéus Forslund
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Jankovic N, Schmitting S, Stutz B, Krüger B, Buyken A, Alexy U. Alignment between timing of 'highest caloric intake' and chronotype in relation to body composition during adolescence: the DONALD Study. Eur J Nutr 2024; 63:253-265. [PMID: 37863858 PMCID: PMC10799146 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03259-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Our aim was to assess alignment in timing of 'highest caloric intake' with individual chronotype and its association with body composition in adolescents. METHODS We used repeatedly collected data from n = 196 adolescents (age 9-16 years, providing N = 401 yearly questionnaires) of the DONALD open cohort study. Chronotype was assessed by the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire from which midpoint of sleep (MSFsc) was derived. A sex- and age-specific diet-chrono-alignment score (DCAS) was calculated as the difference in hours between the chronotype-specific median timing of highest caloric intake of the studied population and the individual timing of 'highest caloric intake' or vice versa. Repeated-measures regression models were applied to study cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between the DCAS and body composition, e.g., Fat Mass Index (FMI) or Fat Free Mass Index (FFMI). RESULTS DCAS ranged from -6:42 h to + 8:01 h and was not associated with body composition. Among adolescents with a later chronotype (N = 201) a 1 h increase in DCAS (later consumption of 'highest caloric intake' in comparison to the median intake of that group), increased FFMI by 1.92 kg/m2 (95% CI: 0.15, 3.69, p value = 0.04) over a median follow-up of 0.94 year. CONCLUSION Alignment of energy intake with individual chronotype appears beneficial for FFMI among those with a late chronotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Jankovic
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, DONALD Study, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Heinstück 11, 44225, Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Sarah Schmitting
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, DONALD Study, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Heinstück 11, 44225, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Bianca Stutz
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Nutrition, Consumption and Health, Paderborn University, Warburger Str. 100, 33098, Paderborn, Germany
| | - Bettina Krüger
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Nutrition, Consumption and Health, Paderborn University, Warburger Str. 100, 33098, Paderborn, Germany
| | - Anette Buyken
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Nutrition, Consumption and Health, Paderborn University, Warburger Str. 100, 33098, Paderborn, Germany
| | - Ute Alexy
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, DONALD Study, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, Heinstück 11, 44225, Dortmund, Germany
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17
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Drăgoi CM, Nicolae AC, Ungurianu A, Margină DM, Grădinaru D, Dumitrescu IB. Circadian Rhythms, Chrononutrition, Physical Training, and Redox Homeostasis-Molecular Mechanisms in Human Health. Cells 2024; 13:138. [PMID: 38247830 PMCID: PMC10814043 DOI: 10.3390/cells13020138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
A multitude of physiological processes, human behavioral patterns, and social interactions are intricately governed by the complex interplay between external circumstances and endogenous circadian rhythms. This multidimensional regulatory framework is susceptible to disruptions, and in contemporary society, there is a prevalent occurrence of misalignments between the circadian system and environmental cues, a phenomenon frequently associated with adverse health consequences. The onset of most prevalent current chronic diseases is intimately connected with alterations in human lifestyle practices under various facets, including the following: reduced physical activity, the exposure to artificial light, also acknowledged as light pollution, sedentary behavior coupled with consuming energy-dense nutriments, irregular eating frameworks, disruptions in sleep patterns (inadequate quality and duration), engagement in shift work, and the phenomenon known as social jetlag. The rapid evolution of contemporary life and domestic routines has significantly outpaced the rate of genetic adaptation. Consequently, the underlying circadian rhythms are exposed to multiple shifts, thereby elevating the susceptibility to disease predisposition. This comprehensive review endeavors to synthesize existing empirical evidence that substantiates the conceptual integration of the circadian clock, biochemical molecular homeostasis, oxidative stress, and the stimuli imparted by physical exercise, sleep, and nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Manuela Drăgoi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (C.M.D.); (A.C.N.); (A.U.); (D.M.M.)
| | - Alina Crenguţa Nicolae
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (C.M.D.); (A.C.N.); (A.U.); (D.M.M.)
| | - Anca Ungurianu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (C.M.D.); (A.C.N.); (A.U.); (D.M.M.)
| | - Denisa Marilena Margină
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (C.M.D.); (A.C.N.); (A.U.); (D.M.M.)
| | - Daniela Grădinaru
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (C.M.D.); (A.C.N.); (A.U.); (D.M.M.)
| | - Ion-Bogdan Dumitrescu
- Department of Physics and Informatics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania;
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18
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Machado GDS, Menezes-Júnior LAAD, Neto RMDN, Freitas SND, Oliveira FLPD, Pimenta FAP, Machado-Coelho GLL, Ribeiro SMLT. Arterial hypertension in rotating shift workers: The role of hypertriglyceridemic waist and hypertriglyceridemic waist-to-height ratio phenotypes. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2023; 58:235-241. [PMID: 38057012 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the association of arterial hypertension and the hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype (HWP) and hypertriglyceridemic waist-to-height phenotype (HWHP). METHODOLOGY This cross-sectional study was conducted with 1422 male rotating shift workers in Brazil. The HWP was defined as having a waist circumference ≥94 cm and serum triglycerides ≥150 mg/dL, whereas the HWHP was determined by having a waist-to-height ratio ≥0.5 and serum triglycerides ≥150 mg/dL. To provide a characterization of the sample, data were presented in both absolute and relative values, and Pearson's chi-square test was employed. To investigate the potential association between arterial hypertension and the presence of HWP or HWHP, multivariate logistic regression was conducted, accounting for sociodemographic, behavioral, and clinical variables. Furthermore, we conducted a stratified multivariate logistic regression analysis, considering the duration of shift work, to assess whether the results remained consistent depending on the length of work experience in shifts. RESULTS A noteworthy association was observed between arterial hypertension and both HWP and HWHP, with HWHP exhibiting a stronger association with the disease. Furthermore, a positive association between arterial hypertension and these phenotypes was identified in workers with five or more years of shift work. CONCLUSION We recommend the utilization of HWHP as a screening tool, as it indicates a stronger association with arterial hypertension compared to HWP. Additionally, the duration of time spent working in shifts emerged as a significant factor influencing the presence of these phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luiz Antônio Alves de Menezes-Júnior
- School of Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, 35400-000, Brazil; Post-Graduate in Health and Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, 35400-000, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | - George Luiz Lins Machado-Coelho
- Post-Graduate in Health and Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, 35400-000, Brazil; School of Medicine, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, 35400-000, Brazil
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Fiore G, Scapaticci S, Neri CR, Azaryah H, Escudero-Marín M, Pascuzzi MC, La Mendola A, Mameli C, Chiarelli F, Campoy C, Zuccotti G, Verduci E. Chrononutrition and metabolic health in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Rev 2023:nuad122. [PMID: 37944081 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Obesity has emerged as a global health issue for the pediatric population, increasing the need to investigate physiopathological aspects to prevent the appearance of its cardiometabolic complications. Chrononutrition is a field of research in nutritional sciences that investigates the health impact of 3 different dimensions of feeding behavior: regularity of meals, frequency, and timing of food intake. OBJECTIVE We carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the association between chrononutrition in children and adolescents and the risk of overweight/obesity or a cluster of metabolic abnormalities related to glucose and lipid metabolism, blood pressure, and cardiovascular disease risk. DATA EXTRACTION A literature search was performed using PubMed, EMBASE, and The Cochrane Library for relevant articles published before August 2022. DATA ANALYSIS A total of 64 articles were included in the narrative synthesis (47 cross-sectional and 17 cohort studies), while 16 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Meta-analysis showed that non-daily breakfast consumers (≤6 d/wk) had a higher risk of overweight/obesity (odds ratio [OR], 1.45; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08-1.82] compared with daily breakfast eaters (7 d/wk). Similarly, irregular breakfast consumption (only 0-to-3 times/wk) increased the risk of abdominal obesity (waist-to-height ratio ≥ 0.5) compared with regular consumption (5-to-7 times/wk) (OR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.26-1.49). There was evidence to suggest that a regular frequency of meal consumption (≥4 times/d) is preventive against overweight/obesity development compared with fewer meals (≤3 times/d) (OR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.70-0.97). In the narrative synthesis, snacking habits showed controversial results, while food timing was the most understudied dimension. CONCLUSION Overall, our data indicate a potential implication of chrononutrition in affecting pediatric metabolic health; however, the evidence of this association is limited and heterogeneous. Further prospective and intervention studies with a consistent approach to categorize the exposure are needed to elucidate the importance of chrononutrition for pediatric metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Fiore
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Serena Scapaticci
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chieti "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | - Costanza R Neri
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chieti "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | - Hatim Azaryah
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- EURISTIKOS Excellence Centre for Pediatric Research, Biomedical Research Centre (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Mireia Escudero-Marín
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- EURISTIKOS Excellence Centre for Pediatric Research, Biomedical Research Centre (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs-GRANADA), San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain
- Neurosciences Institute Dr. Federico Oloriz, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Martina C Pascuzzi
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alice La Mendola
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Mameli
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Chiarelli
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chieti "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | - Cristina Campoy
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- EURISTIKOS Excellence Centre for Pediatric Research, Biomedical Research Centre (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (Ibs-GRANADA), San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain
- Neurosciences Institute Dr. Federico Oloriz, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Spanish Network of Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Granada's Node, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gianvincenzo Zuccotti
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Elvira Verduci
- Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children's Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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20
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Shi D, Fang G, Chen Q, Li J, Ruan X, Lian X. Six-hour time-restricted feeding inhibits lung cancer progression and reshapes circadian metabolism. BMC Med 2023; 21:417. [PMID: 37924048 PMCID: PMC10625271 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-03131-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence has suggested an oncogenic effect of diurnal disruption on cancer progression. To test whether targeting circadian rhythm by dietary strategy suppressed lung cancer progression, we adopted 6-h time-restricted feeding (TRF) paradigm to elucidate whether and how TRF impacts lung cancer progression. METHODS This study used multiple lung cancer cell lines, two xenograft mouse models, and a chemical-treated mouse lung cancer model. Stable TIM-knockdown and TIM-overexpressing A549 cells were constructed. Cancer behaviors in vitro were determined by colony formation, EdU proliferation, wound healing, transwell migration, flow cytometer, and CCK8 assays. Immunofluorescence, pathology examinations, and targeted metabolomics were also used in tumor cells and tissues. mCherry-GFP-LC3 plasmid was used to detect autophagic flux. RESULTS We found for the first time that compared to normal ad libitum feeding, 6-h TRF inhibited lung cancer progression and reprogrammed the rhythms of metabolites or genes involved in glycolysis and the circadian rhythm in tumors. After TRF intervention, only timeless (TIM) gene among five lung cancer-associated clock genes was found to consistently align rhythm of tumor cells to that of tumor tissues. Further, we demonstrated that the anti-tumor effect upon TRF was partially mediated by the rhythmic downregulation of the TIM and the subsequent activation of autophagy. Combining TRF with TIM inhibition further enhanced the anti-tumor effect, comparable to treatment efficacy of chemotherapy in xenograft model. CONCLUSIONS Six-hour TRF inhibits lung cancer progression and reshapes circadian metabolism, which is partially mediated by the rhythmic downregulation of the TIM and the subsequent upregulation of autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Shi
- Center for Lipid Research, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China.
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China.
- Research Center for Environment and Population Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China.
- Nutrition Innovation Platform-Sichuan and Chongqing, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Gaofeng Fang
- Center for Lipid Research, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
| | - Qianyao Chen
- Center for Lipid Research, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
| | - Jianling Li
- Center for Lipid Research, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China
| | - Xiongzhong Ruan
- Center for Lipid Research, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China.
| | - Xuemei Lian
- Center for Lipid Research, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China.
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, P.R. China.
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Mohd Fahmi Teng NI, Norsham J, Nadhra A, Dalila A, Nursyafiqa, Nasuha SI, Das S. Chrononutrition behaviors, sugar-sweetened beverage consumption, sleep quality and the association with body mass index among Malaysian women. Chronobiol Int 2023; 40:1487-1499. [PMID: 37885231 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2023.2267679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to determine the association between chrononutrition behaviors, sugar-sweetened beverage intake, and sleep quality among Malaysian women. A cross-sectional study using a validated, self-administered Chrononutrition Profile Questionnaire, Beverage Questionnaire and Sleep Quality Index were conducted among 934 Malaysian women. Multinomial logistic regression was performed to obtain odds ratios of being overweight/underweight and to test the association with poor sleep quality. 40% of Malaysian women were either overweight or obese and 65.4% had poor sleep quality. We found that breakfast skipping (OR: 4.101; CI: 2.378-7.070), poor evening eating (OR: 4.073; CI: 1.631-10.186), and eating the largest meal at night (OR: 6.970; CI: 1.944-24.994) increased the odds of being underweight. On the other hand, the daily consumption of 100% fruit juices (OR: 1.668; CI: 1.058-1.731), daily consumption of sweetened coffee or tea (OR: 1.707; CI: 1.162-2.508) and consumption of diet soft drinks by 6 times or fewer (OR: 1.484; CI: 1.066-2.064) are associated with increased odds of being overweight. However, when adjusted, only poor evening latency (AOR: 16.638; CI: 1.986-139.383) revealed an increased odd of being underweight. The highest odds predicting poor sleep quality were found for eating the largest meal during dinner (OR: 3.696; CI: 1.967-6.945) and (AOR: 2.194; CI: 1.119-4.304) when adjusted. Hence, the result indicates that multifactorial impacts on women's body weight and recommendations to adjust chrononutrition and sugar-sweetened beverages intake in lifestyle must be done carefully considering other parameters together.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Islami Mohd Fahmi Teng
- Centre for Dietetics Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam, Malaysia
| | - Juliana Norsham
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai, Malaysia
| | - Aina Nadhra
- Centre for Dietetics Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam, Malaysia
| | - Aimi Dalila
- Centre for Dietetics Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam, Malaysia
| | - Nursyafiqa
- Centre for Dietetics Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam, Malaysia
| | - Siti Iylia Nasuha
- Centre for Dietetics Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam, Malaysia
| | - Srijit Das
- Department of Human & Clinical Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
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Amicis RD, Galasso L, Cavallaro R, Mambrini SP, Castelli L, Montaruli A, Roveda E, Esposito F, Leone A, Foppiani A, Battezzati A, Bertoli S. Sex Differences in the Relationship between Chronotype and Eating Behaviour: A Focus on Binge Eating and Food Addiction. Nutrients 2023; 15:4580. [PMID: 37960233 PMCID: PMC10650463 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Men are more likely than women to have subthreshold overeating disorders. Lifestyle plays a role as a determinant, while chronotype is an emerging factor. Chronotype explains the natural preferences of wakefulness and activity throughout the day: evening chronotypes (E-Types), those most productive in the evening, have been linked with unhealthy dietary patterns and a higher propensity to substance addiction than morning types (M-Types). METHODS We carried out a cross-sectional study on 750 overweight or obese adults (70% females, 48 ± 10 years, BMI 31.7 ± 5.8 kg/m2). The Binge-Eating Scale, the Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 (YFAS 2.0), the reduced Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (rMEQ), and the MEDAS questionnaire were used to assess binge eating, food addiction, chronotype, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet, respectively. RESULTS No differences in BES binge-eating and FA food-addiction scores occurred between chronotypes, but we found significant interactions between sex × rMEQ score. While women showed the same prevalence for binge eating and food addiction across all chronotypes, binge eating and food addiction risk increased with reducing rMEQ score in men, indicating that being male and E-Type increases the risk association of binge eating and/or food addiction prevalence. CONCLUSIONS chronotype is associated with binge eating and food addiction in men, emphasizing the link between chronobiology and sex differences as determinants in appetite and eating behaviour dysregulation and in overweight and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramona De Amicis
- International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status and the Development of Dietary Intervention Strategies (ICANS-DIS), Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (R.C.); (S.P.M.); (A.L.); (A.F.); (A.B.); (S.B.)
- Lab of Nutrition and Obesity Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, 20145 Milan, Italy
| | - Letizia Galasso
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via Giuseppe Colombo 71, 20133 Milan, Italy; (L.G.); (L.C.); (A.M.); (E.R.); (F.E.)
| | - Riccardo Cavallaro
- International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status and the Development of Dietary Intervention Strategies (ICANS-DIS), Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (R.C.); (S.P.M.); (A.L.); (A.F.); (A.B.); (S.B.)
| | - Sara Paola Mambrini
- International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status and the Development of Dietary Intervention Strategies (ICANS-DIS), Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (R.C.); (S.P.M.); (A.L.); (A.F.); (A.B.); (S.B.)
- Laboratory of Metabolic Research, S. Giuseppe Hospital, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, 28824 Piancavallo, Italy
| | - Lucia Castelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via Giuseppe Colombo 71, 20133 Milan, Italy; (L.G.); (L.C.); (A.M.); (E.R.); (F.E.)
| | - Angela Montaruli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via Giuseppe Colombo 71, 20133 Milan, Italy; (L.G.); (L.C.); (A.M.); (E.R.); (F.E.)
- IRCCS Ospedale Galeazzi-Sant’Ambrogio, Via Cristina Belgioioso 173, 20161 Milan, Italy
| | - Eliana Roveda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via Giuseppe Colombo 71, 20133 Milan, Italy; (L.G.); (L.C.); (A.M.); (E.R.); (F.E.)
- IRCCS Ospedale Galeazzi-Sant’Ambrogio, Via Cristina Belgioioso 173, 20161 Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Esposito
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Via Giuseppe Colombo 71, 20133 Milan, Italy; (L.G.); (L.C.); (A.M.); (E.R.); (F.E.)
- IRCCS Ospedale Galeazzi-Sant’Ambrogio, Via Cristina Belgioioso 173, 20161 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Leone
- International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status and the Development of Dietary Intervention Strategies (ICANS-DIS), Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (R.C.); (S.P.M.); (A.L.); (A.F.); (A.B.); (S.B.)
| | - Andrea Foppiani
- International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status and the Development of Dietary Intervention Strategies (ICANS-DIS), Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (R.C.); (S.P.M.); (A.L.); (A.F.); (A.B.); (S.B.)
| | - Alberto Battezzati
- International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status and the Development of Dietary Intervention Strategies (ICANS-DIS), Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (R.C.); (S.P.M.); (A.L.); (A.F.); (A.B.); (S.B.)
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Medicine, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Bertoli
- International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status and the Development of Dietary Intervention Strategies (ICANS-DIS), Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (R.C.); (S.P.M.); (A.L.); (A.F.); (A.B.); (S.B.)
- Lab of Nutrition and Obesity Research, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, 20145 Milan, Italy
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23
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Mortaş H, Ayhan B, Navruz Varlı S, Köse S, Ağagündüz D, Bilici S. Rise and shine for eating right: the link between healthy nutrition and chronotype among young adults. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1285015. [PMID: 37899840 PMCID: PMC10600494 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1285015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim Many studies have examined the relationship between chronotype and general health. Because healthy eating is the basis of health aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between healthy nutrition attitudes and chronotype in young adults. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 1,400 young adults (936 females and 464 males). Chronotype was assessed by the Turkish version of the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) and the Attitude Scale for Healthy Nutrition (ASHN) was applied by face-to-face interview. Furthermore, 24-h dietary recall was collected. The scores of nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR) and mean adequacy ratio (MAR) were calculated. The anthropometric measurements including body weight and height were taken. Results The chronotype distribution of participants according to the MEQ score and MAR score were not significantly different between females and males (p > 0.05). The percentage of participants with high healthy eating attitude was lowest in the evening chronotype and highest in the morning chronotype (49.7, 37.7 and 25.4% in morning-, intermediate-, evening-types, respectively; p = 0.000 for all groups according to the reciprocal comparisons). There was a positive correlation of the MEQ scores with the scores of ASHN (r = 0.282, p < 0.01). ASHN score was shown to be a predictor for MEQ score (β = 0.280, p = 0.000). Moreover, the score of "poor eating habits" was shown to be highest in the evening chronotype and lowest in the morning chronotype (14.9 ± 3.0 and 13.1 ± 3.0, respectively; p < 0.01). Conclusion The results of this study indicate that individuals with the evening chronotype are more deficient in terms of healthy nutrition attitudes. Further studies with larger populations will potentially guide the development of health promotion strategies to prevent and treat chronic diseases based on an individual's chronotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hande Mortaş
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Büşra Ayhan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Semra Navruz Varlı
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Süleyman Köse
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Artvin Çoruh University, Artvin, Türkiye
| | - Duygu Ağagündüz
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Saniye Bilici
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara, Türkiye
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24
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Wei J, Zhang S, Chen Z, Tu S, Wang Y, Feng Y, Kuang Z, Wu L, Ai H. The prevalence of temporomandibular disorder and temporomandibular morphology among diverse chronotype profiles. Chronobiol Int 2023; 40:1444-1453. [PMID: 37850303 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2023.2270054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the influence of chronotype on the prevalence of temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) and the morphology of temporomandibular joint (TMJ). According to the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire-Self-Assessment, the participants were divided into morning group (n = 30), intermediate group (n = 83), and evening group (n = 30). Thirty participants were randomly selected from the intermediate group for subsequent examination and measurements. The morphology of TMJs was investigated using questionnaire and clinical examination form in Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorder. Meanwhile, the morphological results of TMJs were measured from cone-beam computed tomography images. The prevalence rate of TMD in the morning group (23%) was significantly lower than that in the intermediate group (56.7%), while there was no difference between the evening (53.4%) and intermediate groups. As to morphological measurements, there was no significant difference among three groups in mediolateral width of condylar process, anteroposterior width of condylar process, radius of condyle, medial joint space, lateral joint space, condylar stress angle, horizontal condylar inclination, width of glenoid fossa, depth of glenoid fossa, and posterior joint space, while there was a significant difference in horizontal condylar angle (p = 0.00490), articular eminence inclination (p < .0001), anterior joint space (p = 0.0163), and superior joint space (p = 0.0004). The morphology of TMJ in the morning group was better than that in the evening and intermediate groups. An association was found between TMD prevalence, temporomandibular morphology, and chronotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Wei
- Department of Stomatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sai Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Stomatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoqin Tu
- Department of Stomatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuxuan Wang
- Department of Stomatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Feng
- Department of Stomatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhili Kuang
- Department of Stomatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liping Wu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Ai
- Department of Stomatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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25
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Lotti S, Dinu M, Colombini B, Amedei A, Sofi F. Circadian rhythms, gut microbiota, and diet: Possible implications for health. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 33:1490-1500. [PMID: 37246076 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Over the past years, interest in chrono-nutrition has grown enormously as the fundamental role of circadian rhythms in regulating most physiological and metabolic processes has become clearer. Recently, the influence of circadian rhythms on the gut microbiota (GM) composition has also emerged, as more than half of the total microbial composition fluctuates rhythmically throughout the day. At the same time, other studies have observed that the GM itself synchronises the host's circadian biological clock through signals of a different nature. Therefore, it has been hypothesised that there is a two-way communication between the circadian rhythms of the host and the GM, but researchers have only just begun to identify some of its action mechanisms. The manuscript aim is, therefore, to gather and combine the latest evidence in the field of chrono-nutrition with the more recent research on the GM, in order to investigate their relationship and their potential impact on human health. DATA SYNTHESIS Considering current evidence, a desynchronization of circadian rhythms is closely associated with an alteration in the abundance and functionality of the gut microbiota with consequent deleterious effects on health, such as increased risk of numerous pathologies, including cardiovascular disease, cancer, irritable bowel disease, and depression. A key role in maintaining the balance between circadian rhythms and GM seems to be attributed to meal-timing and diet quality, as well as to certain microbial metabolites, in particular short-chain fatty acids. CONCLUSIONS Future studies are needed to decipher the link between the circadian rhythms and specific microbial patterns in relation to different disease frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Lotti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Monica Dinu
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy.
| | - Barbara Colombini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Sofi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Italy; Unit of Clinical Nutrition, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy.
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Dong C, Liu H, Yang B, Pan J, Tang L, Zeng H, Yang S. Circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders and the risk of dyslipidemia among railway workers in southwest China: A cross-sectional study. Chronobiol Int 2023; 40:734-743. [PMID: 37096562 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2023.2205933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Railway workers are more likely to have an irregular work schedule, which had an effect on their circadian rhythm of sleep, and may lead to circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders (CRSWDs). The association between CRSWDs and dyslipidemia in railway workers is poorly understood. The objective of this research is to study the association between CRSWDs and the risk of dyslipidemia. This cross-sectional study was conducted among railway workers in Southwest China. CRSWDs were assessed by the morningness-eveningness questionnaire self-assessment version (MEQ-SA). The blood samples were collected in the morning and the lipids of participants were measured. Associations of CRSWDs with dyslipidemia and its components were analyzed. A total of 8079 participants were enrolled in this study, and the results revealed that shift work sleep disorder (SWD) and advanced sleep-wake phase disorder (ASWPD) were associated with a higher risk of dyslipidemia (OR 1.17, 95%CI 1.06-1.29, P < 0.01; OR 1.68, 95%CI 1.09-2.64, P < 0.05) after adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics and lifestyles, in comparison with the control group. As for its components, the SWD group was associated with a higher risk of elevated total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein than the control group, while the ASWPD group was associated with a higher risk of elevated total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein (P < 0.05). In summary, SWD and ASWPD participants were associated with a higher risk of dyslipidemia in railway workers in Southwest China.Abbreviation: TG: triglyceride; TC: Total cholesterol; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; FPG: fasting plasma glucose. MEQ-SA: morningness-eveningness questionnaire self-assessment version; IPW: inverse-probability weighting; HDS: healthy diet scores; FFQ: food frequency; PA: physical activity; IQAP-SF: international physical activity questionnaire short form; MET-min/wk: metabolic equivalent task minutes per week; BMI: body mass index; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; HBP: hypertension; DM: diabetes; CVD: cerebrovascular disease; OR: odds ratios; CI: confidence intervals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaohui Dong
- Department of Health Management Center, Clinical Medical College & Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu University, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Hongyun Liu
- West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Health Management Center, Clinical Medical College & Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu University, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jia Pan
- Department of Health Management Center, Clinical Medical College & Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu University, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Lei Tang
- Department of Health Management Center, Clinical Medical College & Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu University, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Honglian Zeng
- Department of Health Management Center, Clinical Medical College & Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu University, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Shujuan Yang
- Department of Health Management Center, Clinical Medical College & Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu University, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China
- West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- International Institute of Spatial Lifecourse Epidemiology (ISLE), Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Barley BK, Gao C, Luster T, Porro A, Parizi-Robinson M, Quigley D, Zinke P, Scullin MK. Chronotype in college science students is associated with behavioral choices and can fluctuate across a semester. Chronobiol Int 2023; 40:710-724. [PMID: 37080776 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2023.2203251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Many students self-report that they are "night owls," which can result from neurodevelopmental delays in the circadian timing system. However, whether an individual considers themselves to be an evening-type versus a morning-type (self-reported chronotype) may also be influenced by academic demands (e.g. class start times, course load) and behavioral habits (e.g. bedtime social media use, late caffeine consumption, daytime napping). If so, then chronotype should be malleable. We surveyed 858 undergraduate students enrolled in demanding science courses at up to three time points. The survey assessed morning/evening chronotype, global sleep quality, academics, and behavioral habits. Evening and morning-type students showed similar demographics, stress levels, and academic demands. At baseline measurements, relative to morning-types, evening-types showed significantly worse sleep quality and duration as well as 22% greater bedtime social media usage, 27% greater daytime napping duration, and 46% greater likelihood of consuming caffeine after 5pm. These behavioral habits partially mediated the effects of self-reported chronotype on sleep quality/duration, even after controlling for demographic factors. Interestingly, 54 students reported switching from being at least moderate evening-types at baseline to being at least moderate morning-types later in the semester and 56 students showed the reverse pattern (6.3% of students switched from "definitely" one chronotype to the other chronotype). Evening-to-morning "chrono-switchers" consumed less caffeine after 5pm and showed significantly better sleep quantity/quality at the later timepoint. Thus, some students may consider themselves to be night owls in part because they consume caffeine later, take more daytime naps, or use more social media at bedtime. Experimental work is needed to determine whether nudging night owls to behave like morning larks results in better sleep health or academic achievement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blake K Barley
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - Chenlu Gao
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Taylor Luster
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Abbye Porro
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | | | - Dena Quigley
- Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - Paul Zinke
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - Michael K Scullin
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
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Tang R, Wang J, Zhang W, Fu W, Zhuo L, Yang J, Wang Q. Eating window and eating habits of adults in China: A cross-sectional study. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17233. [PMID: 37360078 PMCID: PMC10285253 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Previous studies have demonstrated that eating time and habits play key roles in human health. However, there is a paucity of research on the epidemiology of eating window and eating habits in China. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between eating window and eating habits among adults in mainland China and explore the factors influencing these parameters. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting A questionnaire comprising demographic data, metabolic index, eating window and eating habits was administered via the Internet. Participants 1596 adults from mainland China. Results Eating window of all participants was 13.03 ± 2.02 h (mean ± standard deviation [SD]), which was longer than previously reported in smaller more controlled studies from China. Area of residence and occupation were significant factors influencing eating window after controlling for other factors (area of residence: β, -0.499; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.897 to -0.101, p = 0.014; occupation: β, -0.309, 95% CI, -0.496 to -0.121, p = 0.001). Participants typically commenced eating at 08:00 h (interquartile range [IQR]: 8:00-9:00) and ceased eating at 20:00 h (IQR: 20:00-22:00). Regular meals which mean two or three meals per day regularly constituted the dominant eating pattern of participants (n = 1233, 77.3%) and 819 (51.1%) participants preferred cooking for themselves. Conclusion This study revealed that eating window of adults in China generally around 13 h. Area of residence and occupation were the main factors influencing eating window. Our data provide a foundation for future studies on eating window and eating habits in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongsong Tang
- Nursing Department, Peking University Third Hospital, Huayuan North Road No. 49, Haidian District, Beijing, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University Third Hospital, Huayuan North Road No. 49, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Jingpin Wang
- Nursing Department, Peking University Third Hospital, Huayuan North Road No. 49, Haidian District, Beijing, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University Third Hospital, Huayuan North Road No. 49, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Wenhui Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University Third Hospital, Huayuan North Road No. 49, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Fu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University Third Hospital, Huayuan North Road No. 49, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Zhuo
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Huayuan North Road No. 49, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University Third Hospital, Huayuan North Road No. 49, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University Third Hospital, Huayuan North Road No. 49, Haidian District, Beijing, China
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Nitta L, Tahara Y, Shinto T, Makino S, Kuwahara M, Tada A, Abe N, Michie M, Shibata S. Association of Eating Pattern, Chronotype, and Social Jetlag: A Cross-Sectional Study Using Data Accumulated in a Japanese Food-Logging Mobile Health Application. Nutrients 2023; 15:2165. [PMID: 37432273 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronotype (morningness-eveningness) and social jetlag (SJL; discrepancy in the sleep pattern between the weekday and weekend) are related to eating behavior and health. The association between sleep behavior and the daily macro- and micronutrient eating pattern of each meal (breakfast, lunch, and dinner) have not been discussed well and need more evidence. Here, meal pattern datasets of Japanese participants aged 20-59 years were obtained as averages over 1 month from the data stored in the food-logging app "Asken". We allocated three groups for each chronotype and SJL. Multiple regression analyses revealed that morning chronotype and small SJL were associated with higher total daily intake of potassium, fiber, magnesium, phosphorus, and vitamin K. Breakfast energy intake and consumption of nutrients, including protein, lipid, carbohydrate, and minerals, were higher in the morning chronotype or small SJL. Lunch intake of potassium, cholesterol, fiber, magnesium, and vitamin K was also higher in the morning chronotype or small SJL. Dinner energy intake and nutrient intake of proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, sodium, and saturated fatty acids were lower in the morning chronotype or small SJL. The current data would help to establish a detailed reference for dietary intake which considers eating patterns over a day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyie Nitta
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 162-0056, Japan
| | - Yu Tahara
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 162-0056, Japan
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-0037, Japan
| | - Takae Shinto
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 162-0056, Japan
| | - Saneyuki Makino
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 162-0056, Japan
| | - Mai Kuwahara
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 162-0056, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Shigenobu Shibata
- Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 162-0056, Japan
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Hicks H, Meyer K, Watts A. Differential effects of chronotype on physical activity and cognitive performance in older adults. FRONTIERS IN EPIDEMIOLOGY 2023; 3:1029221. [PMID: 38455930 PMCID: PMC10910946 DOI: 10.3389/fepid.2023.1029221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Chronotypes reflect individuals' preferred activity and sleep patterns (e.g., "morning-types" vs. "evening-types") and are associated with health and physical activity. Less is known about the relationship between chronotype and cognitive health in older adults. It is unclear whether chronotype's influence is driven by sleep timing or disruption. This study explored the relationship between chronotype, physical activity, and cognitive performance in older adults with and without self-reported sleep disorders. Methods Participants were 153 older adults (M = 70.35, SD = 5.89) who wore an Actigraph on the non-dominant wrist for seven days to measure total physical activity, peak physical activity, and chronotype (sleep interval midpoint). We categorized participants as morning-, evening-, and intermediate-chronotypes and assessed cognitive performance in domains of attention, executive function, and verbal memory. Results MANCOVAs showed patterns of activity across the 24-hour day differed between chronotypes such that morning-types were active earlier and evening-types active later, ps > .001. Total physical activity and average peak activity did not differ between chronotypes, (ps ≥ .117). Timing of peak activity followed expectations (morning-types peaked earliest (p = .019). Evening-types exhibited significantly worse executive function and attention than intermediate-types, p = .008. When excluding participants with sleep disorders, evening-types engaged in significantly less total physical activity than other groups, but cognitive performance did not differ. Discussion We found no differences in total or peak physical activity between groups, which is inconsistent with findings from studies in younger samples. This suggests the role of chronotype on physical activity may change with age and points to the potential impact of methodological discrepancies. While evening-types exhibited worse executive function and attention performance, this finding disappeared when participants with sleep disorders were excluded. Sleep dysregulation rather than sleep timing may be driving this difference. Recent trends in physical activity research explore activity patterns across the 24-hour day and acknowledge codependence between different activity types. Our findings suggest chronotype and activity timing may be important as researchers advance this line of research in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilary Hicks
- Department of Psychology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
| | - Kayla Meyer
- Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Fairway, KS, United States
| | - Amber Watts
- Department of Psychology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
- Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Fairway, KS, United States
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Song X, Wang H, Zhang M, Meng J, Su C, Zou Q, Zhang B. Bidirectional mediation of evening energy proportion and chronotype on their associations with blood lipid levels in a Chinese population. Chronobiol Int 2023:1-9. [PMID: 36997327 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2023.2195492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
The bidirectional relationship between chronotype and meal energy distribution, and the effect of their relationship on blood lipid level has not been investigated. This study aims to test and compare the bidirectional mediating effects of chronotype and meal energy distribution on blood lipid levels. Data of 9376 adult participants from 2018 wave of the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) were analysed. Two mediation models were tested and compared: one with Evening energy proportion (Evening EI%) as mediator of the association between adjusted mid-sleep time on free days (MSFa) and blood lipid levels and the other with MSFa as mediator of the association of Evening EI% with blood lipid levels. The mediating effect of Evening EI% on the association between MSFa and TC, LDL-C and non-HDL-C were significant (p < .001, p = .001, and p = .002, respectively). The mediating effect of MSFa on the association between Evening EI% and TC, LDL-C and non-HDL-C were significant (p = .006, p = .035, and p < .001 respectively). Evening EI% had a larger standardized mediation effect compared to MSFa. The bidirectional mediation effect suggests a reinforcement mechanism, in which later chronotype and higher Evening EI% reciprocally influence their negative impact on elevated blood lipid levels, leading to higher risk of cardiovascular diseases in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Song
- Department of Food and School Hygiene, Dalian Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dalian, China
| | - Huijun Wang
- Office of Public Nutrition and Policy Standards, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Department of Food and School Hygiene, Dalian Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dalian, China
| | - Jun Meng
- Department of Food and School Hygiene, Dalian Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dalian, China
| | - Chang Su
- Office of Public Nutrition and Policy Standards, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Qinpei Zou
- Institute of Public Health Safety and Monitoring, Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Office of Public Nutrition and Policy Standards, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
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How Fast Do “Owls” and “Larks” Eat? Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061437. [PMID: 36986167 PMCID: PMC10058363 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronotype is a reflection of an individual’s preference for sleeping, eating and activity times over a 24 h period. Based on these circadian preferences, three chronotype categories have been identified: morning (MC) (lark), intermediate (IC) and evening (EC) (owl). Chronotype categories have been reported to influence dietary habits; subjects with EC are more prone to follow unhealthy diets. In order to better characterize the eating habits of subjects with obesity belonging to three different chronotype categories, we investigated eating speed during the three main meals in a population of subjects with overweight/obesity. For this purpose, we included 81 subjects with overweight/obesity (aged 46.38 ± 16.62 years; BMI 31.48 ± 7.30 kg/m2) in a cross-sectional, observational study. Anthropometric parameters and lifestyle habits were studied. Chronotype score was assessed using the Morningness–Eveningness questionnaire (based on their scores, subjects were categorized as MC, IC or EC). To investigate the duration of main meals, a dietary interview by a qualified nutritionist was conducted. Subjects with MC spend significantly more time on lunch than subjects with EC (p = 0.017) and significantly more time on dinner than subjects with IC (p = 0.041). Furthermore, the chronotype score correlated positively with the minutes spent at lunch (p = 0.001) and dinner (p = 0.055, trend toward statistical significance). EC had a fast eating speed and this, in addition to better characterizing the eating habits of this chronotype category, could also contribute to the risk of developing obesity-related cardiometabolic diseases.
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Andrade Correia LT, Coimbra DG, Gitaí DLG, Gitaí LLG, de Andrade TG. Associations between chronotype, sleep quality, maternal mental health, and child development in mother-infant dyads. Sleep Med 2023; 106:90-96. [PMID: 37075531 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2023.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE/BACKGROUND Studies on circadian rhythms throughout development and their physiological and behavioral impacts at early stages are still scarce. Previous studies have shown that mother-infant interactions are important for both sleep and child development. In this cross-sectional study we investigated whether infants' chronotype, sleep and development were associated with their respective mothers' chronotype, sleep, mental health and socioeconomic status. PATIENTS/METHODS the following were used to evaluate mothers: the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and Self-Reporting Questionnaire 20 (SRQ-20). To assess the infants' characteristics, the following were used: the 19th question from the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), infant nocturnal midpoint of sleep (iMSF), Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) and Ages and Stages Questionnaire-3 (ASQ3). Socioeconomic aspects were assessed using the Brazilian Economic Class Criterion of the Brazilian Association of Research Companies (ABEP). RESULTS A hundred and eight mother-infant dyads participated in the study. Sleep disorders were observed in 38 (35%) infants and atypical development (ASQ3) in 35 (32%). The infants' sleep phases were partially explained by the mother's chronotype. Infants' sleep duration was negatively correlated with sleep latency, which was higher in the group with atypical development. Mothers of infants with sleep disorders or discordant chronotypes (32%) had higher Pittsburgh scores (worse sleep quality) and higher SRQ-20 scores (screen for Common Mental Disorders). CONCLUSIONS We found evidence for the contribution of sleep quality and chronotypes to mothers' mental health and infant development. However, further studies are needed to confirm the influence of sleep and circadian phenotypes in the early stages.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Gomes Coimbra
- Circadian Medicine Center, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil.
| | - Daniel Leite Góes Gitaí
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas, Brazil.
| | - Lívia Leite Góes Gitaí
- Circadian Medicine Center, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil.
| | - Tiago Gomes de Andrade
- Circadian Medicine Center, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil.
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Mazri FH, Manaf ZA, Shahar S, Mat Ludin AF, Karim NA. Improvement in chrono-nutrition is associated with robust weight loss outcomes: An extension of the feasibility study. Chronobiol Int 2023; 40:272-283. [PMID: 36803265 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2023.2165092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Previously we had demonstrated the development and feasibility of an integrated chrono-nutrition weight reduction program among non-shift workers with morning and evening chronotypes. In this current paper, we described the association between the changes in chrono-nutrition practice and weight loss outcomes upon completing the weight reduction program. A total of 91 overweight/obese non-shift workers participated in the 12-week integrated chrono-nutrition weight reduction program (Age: 39.6 ± 6.3 y; 74.7% women; BMI: 31.2 ± 4.5 kg/m2). All the assessments including anthropometry, dietary, sleep habits, physical activity, and process of change were measured during pre- and post-intervention. Participants who had lost ≥3% of their body weight were categorized as satisfactory weight loss outcome, and those who did not achieve 3% weight loss were categorized as unsatisfactory weight loss. The satisfactory weight loss had greater daily percent energy intake during earlier in the day from protein (Mean difference (MD): +3.2%, 95% CI: 1.6, 4.9, p < .001) and smaller intake from fat during later in the day (MD: -2.6%, 95% CI: -5.1, -0.1, p = .045), earlier last mealtime (MD: -49.5 min, 95% CI: -86.5, -12.6, p = .009) and midpoint of eating (MD: -27.3 min, 95% CI: -46.3, -8.2, p = .006), shorter eating window (-0.8 h, 95% CI: -1.4, -0.1, p = .031) and greater reduction in night eating syndrome score (MD: -2.4, 95% CI: -4.3, -0.5, p = .015) compared to unsatisfactory weight loss outcome. After accounting for potential confounders, the temporal pattern of energy, protein, and fat intake were associated with greater odds of achieving a satisfactory weight loss. The findings suggest a promising role of chrono-nutrition as one of the strategies in weight reduction intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- F H Mazri
- Dietetic Program and Centre for Healthy Aging and Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Z A Manaf
- Dietetic Program and Centre for Healthy Aging and Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S Shahar
- Dietetic Program and Centre for Healthy Aging and Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - A F Mat Ludin
- Biomedical Science Program and Centre for Healthy Aging and Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - N A Karim
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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35
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Ekiz Erim S, Sert H. The relationship between chronotype and obesity: A systematic review. Chronobiol Int 2023:1-13. [PMID: 36803075 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2023.2180385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Referring to the hours during a day when a person's physical and cognitive functions are active, the chronotype indicates the differences in individual preferences in sleep timing and other behaviors. The fact that the evening chronotype has been associated with adverse health outcomes has raised the issue of relationship between chronotype and obesity. This study aims to synthesize the evidence regarding the relationship between chronotype and obesity. As part of the study, the PubMed, OVID-LWW, Scopus, Taylor & Francis, ScienceDirect, MEDLINE Complete, Cochrane Library and ULAKBIM databases were screened for the articles published between January 01, 2010 and December 31, 2020. The quality of each study was assessed independently by the two researchers using the "Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies." Upon evaluating the screening results, a total of seven studies, one of high quality and six of medium quality, were included in the systematic review. The rate of the minor allele (C) genes, which have been associated with obesity, and SIRT1-CLOCK genes, which have an additional effect in favor of resistance against weight loss, is higher in individuals of evening chronotype, and such individuals have been observed to have significantly higher resistance to weight loss. The evening chronotype individuals have been associated with a higher homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) value, higher plasma ghrelin levels, and a tendency toward a higher body mass index (BMI). The evening chronotypes have been reported to adhere less to a healthy diet and have more unhealthy behaviors and eating patterns. A diet adjusted to the chronotype has been seen to be more effective than conventional hypocaloric diet therapy in terms of anthropometric parameters. Most people who eat their main meals late are of evening chronotype, and such people have been determined to lose significantly less weight than those who eat early. It has been shown that bariatric surgery is less effective in weight loss in evening chronotype patients than in morning chronotype patients. The evening chronotypes are less successful in adapting to weight loss treatments and long-term weight control than the morning chronotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seçil Ekiz Erim
- Nursing, Institute of Health Sciences, Sakarya University, Serdivan, Turkey
| | - Havva Sert
- Internal Medicine Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Sakarya University, Serdivan, Turkey
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36
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Yuan S, Mason AM, Titova OE, Vithayathil M, Kar S, Chen J, Li X, Burgess S, Larsson SC. Morning chronotype and digestive tract cancers: Mendelian randomization study. Int J Cancer 2023; 152:697-704. [PMID: 36093575 PMCID: PMC7613990 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Morning chronotype has been associated with a reduced risk of prostate and breast cancer. However, few studies have examined whether chronotype is associated with digestive tract cancer risk. We conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR) study to assess the associations of chronotype with major digestive tract cancers. A total of 317 independent genetic variants associated with chronotype at the genome-wide significance level (P < 5 × 10-8 ) were used as instrumental variables from a genome-wide meta-analysis of 449 734 individuals. Summary-level data on overall and six digestive tract cancers, including esophageal, stomach, liver, biliary tract, pancreatic and colorectal cancers, were obtained from the UK Biobank (11 952 cases) and FinnGen (7638 cases) study. Genetic liability to morning chronotype was associated with reduced risk of overall digestive tract cancer and cancers of stomach, biliary tract and colorectum in UK Biobank. The associations for the overall digestive tract, stomach and colorectal cancers were directionally replicated in FinnGen. In the meta-analysis of the two sources, genetic liability to morning chronotype was associated with a decreased risk of overall digestive tract cancer (odds ratio [OR] 0.94, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.90-0.98), stomach cancer (OR 0.84, 95% CI: 0.73-0.97) and colorectal cancer (OR 0.92, 95% CI: 0.87-0.98), but not with the other studied cancers. The associations were consistent in multivariable MR analysis with adjustment for genetically predicted sleep duration, short sleep, insomnia and body mass index. The study provided MR evidence of inverse associations of morning chronotype with digestive tract cancer, particularly stomach and colorectal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Yuan
- Unit of Medical Epidemiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Amy M Mason
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Olga E Titova
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Siddhartha Kar
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Jie Chen
- Centre for Global Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Big Data in Health Science School of Public Health, Center of Clinical Big Data and Analytics of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Stephen Burgess
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Susanna C Larsson
- Unit of Medical Epidemiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Chen YE, Loy SL, Chen LW. Chrononutrition during Pregnancy and Its Association with Maternal and Offspring Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Ramadan and Non-Ramadan Studies. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030756. [PMID: 36771469 PMCID: PMC9921927 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Much evidence suggests that food intakes and eating patterns are major determinants of the phase of peripheral circadian clocks, and desynchronization between them is thought to contribute to the development of metabolic disorders. However, much remains to be understood about how different dimensions of chrononutrition during pregnancy affect pregnant women's and their offspring's health outcomes. Therefore, we systematically reviewed and integrated all emerging evidence on chrononutrition during pregnancy (including meal skipping, meal frequency, night eating, and (Ramadan) fasting) and their relationships with maternal and offspring outcomes. The results suggest that meal skipping and night eating during pregnancy were generally associated with adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes, whereas no strong conclusion could be reached for meal frequency. In our meta-analysis, Ramadan fasting did not seem to be related with birth weight or gestational age at birth, but evidence for other mother-offspring outcomes was inconsistent. To further elucidate the effect of chrononutrition factors on maternal and offspring health outcomes, larger and well-conducted prospective cohort and interventional studies are needed. In addition, information on covariates such as physical activity, sleep, diet quality and quantity, fasting days, fasting period per day, and trimester exposure should also be collected and considered during analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-En Chen
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, No. 17 Xu-Zhou Road, Taipei 10055, Taiwan
| | - See Ling Loy
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore 229899, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Ling-Wei Chen
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, No. 17 Xu-Zhou Road, Taipei 10055, Taiwan
- Master of Public Health Program, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, No. 17 Xu-Zhou Road, Taipei 10055, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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Juliana N, Teng NIMF, Hairudin KF, Wan Abdul Fatah WA, Das S. Chrononutrition behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic and its relationship with body weight among college students. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1079069. [PMID: 36819675 PMCID: PMC9936822 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1079069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Students in colleges are exposed to unhealthy lifestyles and poor dietary choices. They are at risk of being overweight, skipping meals, and developing eating disorders. However, there is a paucity of information on their chrononutrition behavior, which is very important, especially concerning the timing of food consumption across the day. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate chrononutrition behavior and its potential association with body weight status among college students in Malaysia. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on 409 college students aged above 18 in Malaysia. The chrononutrition behavior was assessed using the validated Chrononutrition Profile Questionnaire (CP-Q). The questionnaire was distributed using an online platform. Participants self-reported their body weight and height, and the Body Mass Index (BMI) was computed. Data were analyzed using the SPSS software. Results A total of 409 participants were recruited, with a mean age of 21.5 ± 2.2 years. The prevalence of underweight, normal, and overweight was 24.7, 49.4, and 25.9%, respectively. The chrononutrition behavior revealed that participants ate breakfast about four times/week (mean 4.27 ± 2.43 days), and only 135 (33.0%) consumed breakfast daily. The largest meal consumed was during lunch (75.8%), and the mean of snacking after the last meal was 3.23 ± 2.01 days. The prevalence of night eating was low, and most participants (70.9) did not wake up at night to eat. The frequency, however, was significantly higher in the underweight group compared to the normal weight group (p < 0.05). We observed a significant association between BMI and eating window, evening latency, evening eating, and night eating. It was found that the underweight had a poor eating window (p < 0.01), poor evening latency (p < 0.01), poor evening eating (p < 0.01), and poor night eating (p < 0.05) compared to those with normal and overweight BMI groups. In contrast to predictions, poor chrononutrition behavior was more likely to predict being underweight compared to normal (p < 0.05). Conclusion Underweight young adults are more likely to have poor chrononutrition behavior. The results of the present study suggest that future nutrition education should also focus on the chrononutrition behavior of college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norsham Juliana
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai, Malaysia
| | - Nur Islami Mohd Fahmi Teng
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia,*Correspondence: Nur Islami Mohd Fahmi Teng,
| | | | | | - Srijit Das
- Department of Human and Clinical Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
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Chrono-Nutrition: Circadian Rhythm and Personalized Nutrition. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032571. [PMID: 36768893 PMCID: PMC9916946 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The human circadian system has a period of approximately 24 h and studies on the consequences of "chornodisruption" have greatly expanded. Lifestyle and environmental factors of modern societies (i.e., artificial lighting, jetlag, shift work, and around-the-clock access to energy-dense food) can induce disruptions of the circadian system and thereby adversely affect individual health. Growing evidence demonstrates a complex reciprocal relationship between metabolism and the circadian system, in which perturbations in one system affect the other one. From a nutritional genomics perspective, genetic variants in clock genes can both influence metabolic health and modify the individual response to diet. Moreover, an interplay between the circadian rhythm, gut microbiome, and epigenome has been demonstrated, with the diet in turn able to modulate this complex link suggesting a remarkable plasticity of the underlying mechanisms. In this view, the study of the impact of the timing of eating by matching elements from nutritional research with chrono-biology, that is, chrono-nutrition, could have significant implications for personalized nutrition in terms of reducing the prevalence and burden of chronic diseases. This review provides an overview of the current evidence on the interactions between the circadian system and nutrition, highlighting how this link could in turn influence the epigenome and microbiome. In addition, possible nutritional strategies to manage circadian-aligned feeding are suggested.
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40
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Takahashi M, Mineshita Y, Yamagami J, Wang C, Fujihira K, Tahara Y, Kim HK, Nakaoka T, Shibata S. Effects of the timing of acute mulberry leaf extract intake on postprandial glucose metabolism in healthy adults: a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2023; 77:468-473. [PMID: 36650279 PMCID: PMC10115625 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-023-01259-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Glucose tolerance is controlled by the internal clock and is worse in the evening. From a chrononutrition perspective, diabetes prevention requires evaluating the antidiabetic effects of the timing of functional ingredients and nutrient intake. The purpose of this study was to investigate the timing effects of acute mulberry leaf extract (MLE) intake on postprandial glucose levels in young adults. SUBJECTS/METHODS Twelve young adults underwent four trials. Blood samples were collected in a fasting state and at 30, 60, 120, and 180 min after eating a mixed meal. The study had a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial design involving: (1) morning placebo trial (08:00 h; MP trial), (2) evening placebo trial (18:00 h; EP trial), (3) morning MLE trial (08:00 h; MM trial), and (4) evening MLE trial (18:00 h; EM trial). RESULTS The incremental area under the blood glucose curve (iAUC) in the EM trials was significantly lower than that in the EP trials (P = 0.010). The postprandial glucose concentrations 120 min after the meal were significantly lower in the EM trials than those in the EP trials (P = 0.006). The postprandial insulin concentrations at 120 min were significantly lower in the MM trials than those in the MP trials (P = 0.034). Moreover, the postprandial insulin concentrations 180 min after the meal were significantly lower in the EM trials than those in the EP trials (P = 0.034). CONCLUSIONS MLE intake in the evening, but not in the morning, was effective in improving glucose tolerance. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical trial reference: UMIN 000045301; website of trial registry: https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000051340 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Takahashi
- Institute for Liberal Arts, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan. .,School of Environment and Society, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan.
| | - Yui Mineshita
- School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8480, Japan
| | - Jumpei Yamagami
- Functional Food Research Institute, FANCL Research Institute, Totsuka, Kanagawa, 244-0806, Japan
| | - Chunyi Wang
- School of Environment and Society, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Kyoko Fujihira
- Institute for Liberal Arts, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan.,Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda, Tokyo, 102-0083, Japan
| | - Yu Tahara
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, 734-0037, Japan
| | - Hyeon-Ki Kim
- School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8480, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakaoka
- Japan Organization of Occupational Health and Safety, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 211-0021, Japan
| | - Shigenobu Shibata
- School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8480, Japan
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Lesani A, Barkhidarian B, Jafarzadeh M, Akbarzade Z, Djafarian K, Shab-Bidar S. Time-related meal patterns and breakfast quality in a sample of Iranian adults. BMC Nutr 2023; 9:13. [PMID: 36647126 PMCID: PMC9841660 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-022-00666-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some evidence shows that meal timing is associated with diet quality. We aimed to investigate the relationship between meal timing and breakfast quality in a sample of Iranian adults. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted on 850 men and women living in Tehran, Iran. Dietary data was recorded by three non-consecutive 24-h dietary recalls. The Breakfast Quality Index (BQI) was calculated. Time-related meal patterns included the interval between the first and last meal (eating and fasting window), frequency of meals, length of sleep, and time of first and last eating occasion. The multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify the relationships between time-related meal patterns and BQI. RESULTS The mean (95% CI) of BQI was 4.52 (4.45-4.65) and the maximum was 8. Bread, cheese, vegetables, fruits, energy, and carbohydrate intake showed positive associations with BQI scores. Longer fasting time showed a positive association with fruits (β (CI 95%)) (0.11 (0.0003-0.005), and vegetable consumption (0.12 (0.009-0.07)) and BQI score (0.39 (0.001-0.06)). Time of first eating occasions indicated a negative association with protein and fat intake and BQI score. Time of last eating occasions showed a positive association with vegetables consumption and BQI score. The longer length of sleep was associated with a higher BQI score. The frequency of meals was significantly and positively related to energy and macronutrients intake and BQI. CONCLUSION Earlier first and last meal, longer sleep length, longer fasting window, and a greater meal frequency were associated with a better breakfast quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Lesani
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahareh Barkhidarian
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrzad Jafarzadeh
- grid.411746.10000 0004 4911 7066Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Akbarzade
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kurosh Djafarian
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sakineh Shab-Bidar
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Al Abdullatif RA, Alkahtani S, Finlayson G, Alhussain MH. Chronotypes and their Association with Obesity-Related Lifestyle Behaviors among Young Female Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1305. [PMID: 36674062 PMCID: PMC9859457 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms have emerged as key influences on lifestyle behaviors. Circadian rhythms vary inter-individually, and people can be stratified by circadian preference, known as their chronotype, from extreme morning types to extreme evening types. Young adults undergo chronotype changes that involve shifts from morning to evening types. We aimed to examine the association between chronotype and obesity-related lifestyle behaviors, including dietary intake, physical activity, and sleep patterns, among young females. A total of 387 college female students aged 18-25 years completed this cross-sectional study. The participants were classified into three groups (morning, intermediate, and evening types) according to the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ; long version) score. Each individual's anthropometry and body composition were measured. Dietary intakes were assessed using a 24-h dietary recall. The Bouchard Three-Day Physical Activity Record was used to assess physical activity levels. Sleep patterns were evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). The differences between chronotype groups were tested using a Chi-square test and one-way ANOVA. The chronotypes were significantly associated with sleep quality (p = 0.010) and daytime sleepiness (p = 0.035). However, no significant associations between dietary intake, physical activity, and sleep duration with the chronotypes were found. Our results show that both sleep quality and daytime sleepiness were associated with the chronotypes. Further research is warranted to identify the potential bidirectional associations between circadian rhythms and lifestyle behaviors among different age groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rawan A. Al Abdullatif
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaea Alkahtani
- Department of Exercise Physiology, College of Sport Sciences and Physical Activity, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Graham Finlayson
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine & Health, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Maha H. Alhussain
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Jaeger V, Koletzko B, Luque V, Ferré N, Gruszfeld D, Gradowska K, Verduci E, Zuccotti GV, Xhonneux A, Poncelet P, Grote V. Distribution of energy and macronutrient intakes across eating occasions in European children from 3 to 8 years of age: The EU Childhood Obesity Project Study. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:165-174. [PMID: 35930067 PMCID: PMC9899743 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-02944-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to characterize the distribution of energy and macronutrient intakes across eating occasions (EO) in European children from preschool to school age. METHODS Data from 3-day weighed food records were collected from children at ages 3, 4, 5, 6 and 8 years from Belgium, Germany, Italy, Poland and Spain. Food intakes were assigned to EO based on country-specific daytimes for breakfast, lunch, supper and snacks (morning, afternoon). The average energy and nutrient intakes were expressed as percentage of total energy intake (%E). Nutrients were additionally expressed as percentage per EO (%EEO). Foods were assigned to food groups; variation in intake was calculated via coefficient of variation (CV). We analyzed age trends in diurnal intake using mixed-effects beta regression. RESULTS The 740 healthy children included in the analysis consumed the largest proportion of daily energy at lunch (31%E ± 8, M ± SD) and supper (26%E ± 8), followed by breakfast (19%E ± 7) and snacks [afternoon (16%E ± 8); morning (8%E ± 7)], with the most variable intake at morning snack (CV = 0.9). The nutrient composition at lunch and supper was highest for fat (36 ± 9%ELunch; 39 ± 11%ESupper) and protein (18 ± 5%ELunch; 18 ± 6%ESupper) and at breakfast and snacks for carbohydrates (54 ± 12%EBreakfast; 62 ± 12%ESnacks). High-sugar content foods were consumed in relatively large proportions at breakfast and snacks. Food intakes varied significantly with age, with lower snack intakes at later ages (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Possibly unhealthy EOs with high-fat intakes and high-sugar-content foods were observed. Changes in nutrient composition of EOs may be beneficial for health. TRIAL REGISTRY ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00338689; 19/June/2006.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Jaeger
- grid.5252.00000 0004 1936 973XDivision of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, LMU University Hospitals, LMU - Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Lindwurmstr. 4, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Berthold Koletzko
- Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, LMU University Hospitals, LMU - Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Lindwurmstr. 4, 80337, Munich, Germany.
| | - Veronica Luque
- grid.410367.70000 0001 2284 9230Paediatrics Research Unit, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, IISPV, Reus, Spain ,grid.410367.70000 0001 2284 9230Serra Hunter Fellow, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, IISPV, Reus, Spain
| | - Natàlia Ferré
- grid.410367.70000 0001 2284 9230Paediatrics Research Unit, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, IISPV, Reus, Spain
| | - Dariusz Gruszfeld
- grid.413923.e0000 0001 2232 2498Neonatal Department and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kinga Gradowska
- grid.413923.e0000 0001 2232 2498Neonatal Department and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elvira Verduci
- grid.4708.b0000 0004 1757 2822Department of Paediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Gian Vincenzo Zuccotti
- grid.4708.b0000 0004 1757 2822Department of Paediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Annick Xhonneux
- grid.433083.f0000 0004 0608 8015Centre Hospitalier Chretien St. Vincent, Rocourt, Liège‑Rocourt, Belgium
| | - Pascale Poncelet
- grid.4989.c0000 0001 2348 0746Department of Paediatrics, University Children’s Hospital, Queen Fabiola, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Veit Grote
- grid.5252.00000 0004 1936 973XDivision of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, LMU University Hospitals, LMU - Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Lindwurmstr. 4, 80337 Munich, Germany
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Hairudin KF, Mohd Fahmi Teng NI, Juliana N. Adaptation and Validation of the Malay-Chrononutrition Profile Questionnaire to Assess Chrononutrition Behavior of Young Adults in Malaysia. Curr Dev Nutr 2023; 7:100009. [PMID: 37181125 PMCID: PMC10100924 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2022.100009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chrononutrition studies how biological rhythms and nutrition are associated with human health. However, a validated assessment in Malaysia is still absent. Objectives To create a translation of the Chrononutrition Profile Questionnaire (CPQ), test its validity and reliability, and determine the general chrononutrition behaviors among Malaysian young adults. Methods The Malay-CPQ was distributed to respondents through online platforms (n = 110), and data analyses were performed. The data were analyzed for their validity using content validity index (CVI) and face validity index (FVI), whereas intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to determine test-retest reliability. Results Our results showed both CVI and FVI of Malay-CPQ were 1, indicating excellent content translation, while the ICC values ranged from moderate to good (0.50-0.90). The Cronbach α values for all items ranged from moderate to good (0.50-0.90), and the Bland-Altman analysis showed a P value >0.05, indicating agreement of the item between repeated measurements. The chrononutrition behaviors among Malaysian young adults presented fair to good scores for all behavior patterns: eating window, breakfast skipping, evening eating, night eating, and largest meal, except evening latency, being mostly at the poor score (>80% responses). Conclusions The Malay-CPQ is a valid and reliable tool to assess the Malaysian chrononutrition profile. However, further testing on Malay-CPQ should be conducted in a different setting in Malaysia for cross-validation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Norsham Juliana
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai, Malaysia
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45
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van der Merwe C, Münch M, Kruger R. Chronotype Differences in Body Composition, Dietary Intake and Eating Behavior Outcomes: A Scoping Systematic Review. Adv Nutr 2022; 13:2357-2405. [PMID: 36041181 PMCID: PMC9776742 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmac093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The timing and nutritional composition of food intake are important zeitgebers for the biological clocks in humans. Thus, eating at an inappropriate time (e.g., during the night) may have a desynchronizing effect on the biological clocks and, in the long term, may result in adverse health outcomes (e.g., weight gain, obesity, and poor metabolic function). Being a very late or early chronotype not only determines preferred sleep and wake times but may also influence subsequent mealtimes, which may affect the circadian timing system. In recent years, an increased number of studies have examined the relation between chronotype and health outcomes, with a main focus on absolute food intake and metabolic markers and, to a lesser extent, on dietary intake distribution and eating behavior. Therefore, this review aimed to systematically determine whether chronotype indirectly affects eating behaviors, dietary intake (timing, choice, nutrients), and biomarkers leading to body composition outcomes in healthy adults. A systematic literature search on electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, Cochrane library) was performed (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews number: CRD42020219754). Only studies that included healthy adults (aged >18 y), classified according to chronotype and body composition profiles, using outcomes of dietary intake, eating behavior, and/or biomarkers, were considered. Of 4404 articles, 24 met the inclusion criteria. The results revealed that late [evening type (ET)] compared with early [morning type (MT)] chronotypes were more likely to be overweight/obese with poorer metabolic health. Both MT and ET had similar energy and macronutrient intakes, consuming food during their preferred sleep-wake timing: later for ET than MT. Most of the energy and macronutrient intakes were distributed toward nighttime for ET and exacerbated by unhealthy eating behaviors and unfavorable dietary intakes. These findings from our systematic review give further insight why higher rates of overweight/obesity and unhealthier metabolic biomarkers are more likely to occur in ET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlien van der Merwe
- School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, Massey University East Precinct, Albany, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Mirjam Münch
- Centre for Chronobiology, Transfaculty Research Platform Molecular and Cognitive Neurosciences, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Research Centre for Hauora and Health, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Rozanne Kruger
- School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, Massey University East Precinct, Albany, Auckland, New Zealand
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Al-Hazmi MH, Noorwali EA. Morning individuals in Saudi Arabia have higher self-regulation of eating behavior compared to evening types. Chronobiol Int 2022; 40:223-233. [PMID: 36545690 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2022.2158846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Chronotype is a manifestation of an individual's circadian system, which can be presented as a preference for morningness or eveningness. Evening chronotype has been linked to unhealthy dietary habits. These habits are partially from poor self-regulation of eating behavior (SREB). SREB is a goal-directed process that helps resist food temptation and achieve desired dietary outcomes. It is unclear whether chronotype is associated with SREB. This study aims to investigate the association between chronotypes and SREB. A total of 599 adults (18-50 years) enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Participants received an online questionnaire that collected sociodemographic, anthropometrics, chronotype through the validated reduced Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (rMEQ) and SREB using the SREB Questionnaire. ANOVA, Chi-square and multivariate logistic regression were used. In adjusted models, morning types had 85% higher SREB compared to evening types (p = 0.003, OR = 1.85). Evening types found fried foods (p = 0.003), chips (p = 0.005) and French fries (p = 0.018) more tempting than morning types. These findings show a link between chronotype and SREB. Strategies focusing on SREB may help evening types improve dietary habits. Further studies are required to clarify the underlying mechanisms for these associations. This may have important implications for lifestyle and behavioral change policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Hamed Al-Hazmi
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Essra Abdulsalam Noorwali
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Vidmar AP, Cáceres NA, Schneider-Worthington CR, Shirazipour C, Buman MP, de la Haye K, Salvy SJ. Integration of Time-Based Recommendations with Current Pediatric Health Behavior Guidelines: Implications for Obesity Prevention and Treatment in Youth. Curr Obes Rep 2022; 11:236-253. [PMID: 36348216 PMCID: PMC9742346 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-022-00491-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Youth-onset obesity is associated with negative health outcomes across the lifespan including cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, obstructive sleep apnea, dyslipidemias, asthma, and several cancers. Pediatric health guidelines have traditionally focused on the quality and quantity of dietary intake, physical activity, and sleep. RECENT FINDINGS Emerging evidence suggests that the timing (time of day when behavior occurs) and composition (proportion of time spent allocated to behavior) of food intake, movement (i.e., physical activity, sedentary time), and sleep may independently predict health trajectories and disease risks. Several theoretically driven interventions and conceptual frameworks feature behavior timing and composition (e.g., 24 h movement continuum, circadian science and chronobiology, intermittent fasting regimens, structured day hypothesis). These literatures are, however, disparate, with little crosstalk across disciplines. In this review, we examine dietary, sleep, and movement guidelines and recommendations for youths ages 0-18 in the context of theoretical models and empirical findings in support of time-based approaches. The review aims to inform a unifying framework of health behaviors and guide future research on the integration of time-based recommendations into current quantity and quality-based health guidelines for children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaina P Vidmar
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and Keck School of Medicine of USC, 4650 Sunset Boulevard, Mailstop #61, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA.
| | - Nenette A Cáceres
- Cancer Research Center On Health Equity, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, West Hollywood, CA, USA
| | | | - Celina Shirazipour
- Cancer Research Center On Health Equity, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, West Hollywood, CA, USA
| | - Matthew P Buman
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Tempe, USA
| | - Kayla de la Haye
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sarah-Jeanne Salvy
- Cancer Research Center On Health Equity, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, West Hollywood, CA, USA
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Li T, Zhang D, Qu Y, Zhai S, Xie Y, Tao S, Zou L, Tao F, Wu X. Association between trajectories of problematic mobile phone use and chronotype among Chinese college students. Addict Behav 2022; 134:107398. [PMID: 35752086 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to describe the prevalence of problematic mobile phone use (PMPU) and chronotype among Chinese college students, estimate PMPU development trajectories, and further examine the effect of PMPU trajectories on chronotype. DESIGN In a stratified cluster sampling design, PMPU and chronotype were evaluated in 999 college students from two universities in a 2-year prospective investigation from April 2019 to April 2021, and an investigation was conducted every six months (time 1 ∼ time 5, T1 ∼ T5). PARTICIPANTS N = 999 college students (mean age at T1: 18.8 years (SD = 1.2), 37.7% male) took part in the study. MEASUREMENTS The Self-rating Questionnaire for Adolescent Problematic Mobile Phone Use (SQAPMPU) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were used to assess the PMPU and sleep quality of college students at each time point. The Morning and Evening Questionnaire (MEQ) was adopted to investigate the chronotype of college students at T5. FINDINGS The prevalence of PMPU at T1 ∼ T5 was 24.3%, 27.3%, 35.1%, 31.2% and 31.9%, respectively. The prevalence rates of morning types (M-types), neutral types (N-types), and evening types (E-types) were 19.1%, 70.8%, and 10.1%, respectively. Using latent growth mixture modelling, we identified three trajectories of PMPU: low-level (49.5%), moderate-level (38.6%), and high-level score trajectories (11.9%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that a trajectory with a high score was positively associated with E-types (P < 0.05). After stratification by gender, a high-level score trajectory was positively associated with E-types only among female college students (P < 0.05). There were sex differences in the association between trajectories of PMPU and chronotype. CONCLUSION Long-term symptoms of PMPU may be a potential risk factor for circadian rhythm disturbance among college students, and this effect was significantly different between genders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Li
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yang Qu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Shuang Zhai
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yang Xie
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Shuman Tao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Liwei Zou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Fangbiao Tao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, China.
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Jaeger V, Koletzko B, Luque V, Gispert-Llauradó M, Gruszfeld D, Socha P, Verduci E, Zuccotti GV, Etienne L, Grote V. Time of Dietary Energy and Nutrient Intake and Body Mass Index in Children: Compositional Data Analysis from the Childhood Obesity Project (CHOP) Trial. Nutrients 2022; 14:4356. [PMID: 36297040 PMCID: PMC9610148 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Meal timing is suggested to influence the obesity risk in children. Our aim was to analyse the effect of energy and nutrient distributions at eating occasions (EO), including breakfast, lunch, supper, and snacks, on the BMI z-score (zBMI) during childhood in 729 healthy children. BMI and three-day dietary protocols were obtained at 3, 4, 5, 6, and 8 years of age, and dietary data were analysed as the percentage of the mean total energy intake (TEI; %E). Intakes at EOs were transformed via an isometric log-ratio transformation and added as exposure variables to linear mixed-effects models. Stratified analyses by country and recategorization of EOs by adding intake from snacks to respective meals for further analyses were performed. The exclusion of subjects with less than three observations and the exclusion of subjects who skipped one EO or consumed 5% energy or less at one EO were examined in sensitivity analyses. Around 23% of the children were overweight at a given time point. Overweight and normal-weight children showed different distributions of dietary intakes over the day; overweight children consumed higher intakes at lunch and lower intakes of snacks. However, no significant effects of timing of EOs on zBMI were found in regression analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Jaeger
- Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Berthold Koletzko
- Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Veronica Luque
- Paediatrics Research Unit, Universitat Rovira I Virgili-IISPV, 43201 Reus, Spain
- Serra Hunter Fellow, Universitat Rovira I Virgili-IISPV, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | | | - Dariusz Gruszfeld
- Neonatal Department and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Children’s Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Socha
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Nutritional Disorders and Pediatrics, Children’s Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elvira Verduci
- Department of Paediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 2012 Milan, Italy
| | - Gian Vincenzo Zuccotti
- Department of Paediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children’s Hospital, University of Milan, 2012 Milan, Italy
| | - Louise Etienne
- Groupe Santé CHC, Bd. Patience et Beaujonc 2—(B), 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Veit Grote
- Division of Metabolic and Nutritional Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany
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Zhang J, Zhang Y, Liu L, Wang X, Xu X, Li Y, Han T, Wei W. Associations between the timing of different foods’ consumption with cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality among adults with sleep disorders. Front Nutr 2022; 9:967996. [PMID: 36245534 PMCID: PMC9560773 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.967996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction People with sleep disorders are under disrupted biological rhythms. Whether changing the timing of specific food consumption contributes to decreasing cardiovascular and all-cause risk is unknown. Methods A total of 8,005 participants with sleep disorders were selected from the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2005 to 2014. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to analyze the relationship between the consumption time of foods and cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause death. Moreover, equivalent food substitution models were carried out to evaluate the alterations in the risk of CVD mortality for the changed food intake time. Results After adjusting for multiple confounders, participants who consume red and orange vegetables, starchy vegetables, and fermented dairy in the morning (hazard ratio (HR)red and orange vegetables = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.26–0.81; HRstarchy vegetables = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.25–0.88; HRfermented dairy = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.36–0.89) and milk and eggs in the evening contribute to reducing the likelihood of death from CVD (HRmilk = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.43–0.96; HReggs = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.53–0.98). Iso-calorically switching 0.1 serving of starchy vegetable and fermented dairy and milk intake from one period to another does significantly reduce the mortality risk of CVD. Conclusion Higher intake of red and orange vegetables, starchy vegetables, and fermented dairy in the morning and milk and eggs in the evening confers a lower risk of CVD among individuals with sleep disorders.
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