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Shirgaonkar R, Mohapatra PR, Panigrahi MK, Mishra P, Bhuniya S, Sarkar S, Girija A, Shaik A, Mohanty S, Moorthy A. Evaluation of Risk Factors for Lung Cancer Among Never Smokers and Their Association With Common Driver Mutations. Cureus 2024; 16:e56024. [PMID: 38576688 PMCID: PMC10991854 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.56024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The majority of lung cancers are caused by tobacco use, which is linked to lung tumors of all major histological types. A considerable fraction of lung cancer cases, the vast majority of which are adenocarcinomas, occur in "never smokers," who are characterized as having smoked fewer than 100 cigarettes in their lives. The primary objective was to assess risk factors for lung cancer in non-smokers. In contrast, secondary objectives included evaluating histological subtype, staging, and performance status and exploring associations between risk factors and common driver mutations. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study was a single-center, observational, case-control study done at All India Institute of Medical Science, Bhubaneswar, India that focused on non-smokers with lung cancer. It included 145 cases and 297 controls, with statistical analyses such as chi-square tests and logistic regression used to assess associations between risk factors and lung cancer, considering factors such as socioeconomic status, body mass index (BMI), occupation, outdoor and indoor air pollution, personal habits, and medical history. RESULTS The study, comprising 145 lung cancer cases in non-smokers and 297 controls, found that 92.4% (134/145) of cases had adenocarcinoma, 6.9% (10/145) had squamous cell carcinoma, and 0.7% (1/145) had small cell carcinoma. Significant associations were observed for high-risk occupations, indoor biomass use without proper ventilation, low BMI, and family history of lung cancer. Specific pre-existing lung conditions like old pulmonary tuberculosis and asthma were linked to increased and decreased odds of developing lung cancer, respectively. Environmental factors, living near heavy industry, and dietary habits showed significant associations. A significant association was not found between the driver mutations and the risk factors studied. CONCLUSION This single-center study sheds light on significant risk factors influencing lung cancer development among non-smokers. The predominant occurrence of adenocarcinoma and associations with high-risk occupations, indoor biomass exposure, low BMI, and family history emphasize the multifaceted nature of non-smoking-related lung cancer. The findings underscore the importance of comprehensive risk assessment and targeted preventive strategies in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Shirgaonkar
- Pulmonary Medicine and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, IND
| | - Prasanta R Mohapatra
- Pulmonary Medicine and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, IND
| | - Manoj K Panigrahi
- Pulmonary Medicine and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, IND
| | - Pritinanda Mishra
- Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, IND
| | - Sourin Bhuniya
- Pulmonary Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, IND
| | - Subho Sarkar
- Pulmonary Medicine and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, IND
| | - Aswathy Girija
- Pulmonary Medicine and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, IND
| | - Afshan Shaik
- Pulmonary Medicine and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, IND
| | - Swadesh Mohanty
- Pulmonary Medicine and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, IND
| | - Akshaya Moorthy
- Pulmonary Medicine and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, IND
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Kim M, Kim Y, Kim AR, Kwon WJ, Lim S, Kim W, Yoo C. Cooking oil fume exposure and Lung-RADS distribution among school cafeteria workers of South Korea. Ann Occup Environ Med 2024; 36:e2. [PMID: 38379639 PMCID: PMC10874949 DOI: 10.35371/aoem.2024.36.e2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Cooking oil fumes (COFs) from cooking with hot oil may contribute to the pathogenesis of lung cancer. Since 2021, occupational lung cancer for individual cafeteria workers has been recognized in South Korea. In this study, we aimed to identify the distribution of lung-imaging reporting and data system (Lung-RADS) among cafeteria workers and to determine factors related to Lung-RADS distribution. Methods We included 203 female participants who underwent low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening at a university hospital and examined the following variables: age, smoking status, second-hand smoke, height, weight, and years of service, mask use, cooking time, heat source, and ventilation. We divided all participants into culinary and non-culinary workers. Binomial logistic regression was conducted to determine the risk factors on LDCT of Category ≥ 3, separately for the overall group and the culinary group. Results In this study, Lung-RADS-positive occurred in 17 (8.4%) individuals, all of whom were culinary workers. Binary logistic regression analyses were performed and no variables were found to have a significant impact on Lung-RADS results. In the subgroup analysis, the Lung-RADS-positive, and -negative groups differed only in ventilation. Binary logistic regression showed that the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of the Lung-RADS-positive group for inappropriate ventilation at the workplace was 14.89 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.296-67.231) compared to appropriate ventilation as the reference, and the aOR for electric appliances at home was 4.59 (95% CI: 1.061-19.890) using liquid fuel as the reference. Conclusions The rate of Lung-RADS-positive was significantly higher among culinary workers who performed actual cooking tasks than among nonculinary workers. In addition, appropriate ventilation at the workplace made the LDCT results differ. More research is needed to identify factors that might influence LDCT findings among culinary workers, including those in other occupations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjun Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan University School of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Yangho Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan University School of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - A Ram Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan University School of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Woon Jung Kwon
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan University School of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Soyeoun Lim
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan University School of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Woojin Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan University School of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Cheolin Yoo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan University School of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
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Margan A, Fikfak MD. Mortality, cancer incidence, and disability among professional drivers in Slovenia. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2023; 74:246-251. [PMID: 38146754 PMCID: PMC10750324 DOI: 10.2478/aiht-2023-74-3784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Literature data about all-cause and cause-specific mortality among professional drivers are inconsistent. Most studies report lower all-cause and higher cause-specific mortality. Higher cause-specific mortality is most often the result of malignant and circulatory diseases. The aim of our retrospective cohort study was to get a better insight into the mortality, cancer incidence, and occupational disability of the entire professional driver population in Slovenia (N=8,231) from 1997 to 2016 through standardised mortality ratio (SMR), standardised proportional mortality ratio (SPMR), standardised cancer incidence ratio (SIR), and standardised disability ratio (SDR). Total mortality was significantly lower than that of the general working population (SMR=0.49; 95 % CI=0.44-0.55). When SPMR was calculated, however, the risk of all-cause mortality increased to 1 (SPMR=1.00; 95 % CI=0.89-1.12), of cancer-related mortality to 1.13 (95 % CI=0.94-1.35), and of injury-related mortality to 1.25 (95 % CI=0.97-1.59). Cancer incidence was lower than in the general male working population for all types of cancer (SIR=0.66; 95 % CI=0.59-0.72), lung cancer included (SIR=0.56; 95 % CI=0.41-0.73). Occupational all-cause and cause-specific disability were also lower than in the rest of the working population. Even though all types of cancer and injuries were established among professional drivers in Slovenia, no major risk stand out. However, our findings may have been skewed by the healthy worker effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Margan
- Ljubljana University Medical Centre, Institute of Occupational, Traffic, and Sports Medicine, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Metoda Dodič Fikfak
- Ljubljana University Medical Centre, Institute of Occupational, Traffic, and Sports Medicine, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Stella S, Consonni D, Migliore E, Stura A, Cavone D, Vimercati L, Miligi L, Piro S, Landi MT, Caporaso NE, Curti S, Mattioli S, Brandi G, Gioscia C, Eccher S, Murano S, Casotto V, Comiati V, Negro C, D'Agostin F, Genova C, Benfatto L, Romanelli A, Grappasonni I, Madeo G, Cozzi I, Romeo E, Tommaso S, Carrozza F, Labianca M, Tallarigo F, Cascone G, Melis M, Marinaccio A, Binazzi A, Mensi C. Pleural mesothelioma risk in the construction industry: a case-control study in Italy, 2000-2018. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e073480. [PMID: 37567753 PMCID: PMC10423786 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-073480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Workers in the construction industry have been exposed to asbestos in various occupations. In Italy, a National Mesothelioma Registry has been implemented more than 20 years ago. Using cases selected from this registry and exploiting existing control data sets, we estimated relative risks for pleural mesothelioma (PM) among construction workers. DESIGN Case-control study. SETTING Cases from the National Mesothelioma Registry (2000-2018), controls from three previous case-control studies. METHODS We selected male PM incident cases diagnosed in 2000-2018. Population controls were taken from three studies performed in six Italian regions within two periods (2002-2004 and 2012-2016). Age-adjusted and period-adjusted unconditional logistic regression models were fitted to estimate odds ratios (OR) for occupations in the construction industry. We followed two approaches, one (primary) excluding and the other (secondary) including subjects employed in other non-construction blue collar occupations for >5 years. For both approaches, we performed an overall analysis including all cases and, given the incomplete temporal and geographic overlap of cases and controls, three time or/and space restricted sensitivity analyses. RESULTS The whole data set included 15 592 cases and 2210 controls. With the primary approach (4797 cases and 1085 controls), OR was 3.64 (2181 cases) for subjects ever employed in construction. We found elevated risks for blue-collar occupations (1993 cases, OR 4.52), including bricklayers (988 cases, OR 7.05), general construction workers (320 cases, OR 4.66), plumbers and pipe fitters (305 cases, OR 9.13), painters (104 cases, OR 2.17) and several others. Sensitivity analyses yielded very similar findings. Using the secondary approach, we observed similar patterns, but ORs were remarkably lower. CONCLUSIONS We found markedly increased PM risks for most occupations in the construction industry. These findings are relevant for compensation of subjects affected with mesothelioma in the construction industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Stella
- Occupational Health Unit, Regional Operating Center of Lombardy (COR Lombardia), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Dario Consonni
- Occupational Health Unit, Regional Operating Center of Lombardy (COR Lombardia), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrica Migliore
- COR Piemonte, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, CPO and University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Antonella Stura
- COR Piemonte, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, CPO and University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Domenica Cavone
- COR Puglia, Section of Occupational Medicine 'B Ramazzini', Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Luigi Vimercati
- COR Puglia, Section of Occupational Medicine 'B Ramazzini', Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Lucia Miligi
- COR Toscana, Unit of Environmental and Occupational Epidemiology, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network, Florence, Italy
| | - Sara Piro
- COR Toscana, Unit of Environmental and Occupational Epidemiology, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network, Florence, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Landi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Neil E Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Stefania Curti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Mattioli
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giovanni Brandi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Oncology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Carmela Gioscia
- COR Valle d'Aosta, Valle d'Aosta Health Local Unit, Aosta, Italy
| | - Silvia Eccher
- COR Province of Trento, Provincial Unit of Health, Hygiene and Occupational Medicine, Trento, Italy
| | - Stefano Murano
- COR Province of Bolzano, Alto Adige Health Local Unit, Bolzano, Italy
| | - Veronica Casotto
- COR Veneto, Epidemiological Department, Azienda Zero, Padova, Italy
| | - Vera Comiati
- COR Veneto, Epidemiological Department, Azienda Zero, Padova, Italy
| | - Corrado Negro
- COR Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Clinical Unit of Occupational Medicine, University of Trieste-Trieste General Hospitals, Trieste, Italy
| | - Flavia D'Agostin
- COR Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Clinical Unit of Occupational Medicine, University of Trieste-Trieste General Hospitals, Trieste, Italy
| | - Carlo Genova
- UO Clinica di Oncologia Medica, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Università degli Studi di Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Lucia Benfatto
- COR Liguria, UO Epidemiologia Clinica, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Liguria, Italy
| | - Antonio Romanelli
- COR Emilia-Romagna, Public Health Department, Health Local Unit, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Iolanda Grappasonni
- COR Marche, School of Medicinal and Health Products Sciences, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Gabriella Madeo
- COR Umbria, Servizio Prevenzione, Sanità Veterinaria e Sicurezza Alimentare, Regione Umbria, Perugia, Umbria, Italy
| | - Ilaria Cozzi
- COR Lazio, Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Lazio, Italy
| | - Elisa Romeo
- COR Lazio, Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Lazio, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Giuseppe Cascone
- COR Sicilia, Cancer Registry ASP Ragusa and Sicily Regional Epidemiological Observatory, Ragusa, Italy
| | - Massimo Melis
- COR Sardegna, Regional Epidemiological Center, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Alessandro Marinaccio
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene Department, Italian Workers' Compensation Authority (INAIL), Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Binazzi
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene Department, Italian Workers' Compensation Authority (INAIL), Rome, Italy
| | - Carolina Mensi
- Occupational Health Unit, Regional Operating Center of Lombardy (COR Lombardia), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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García TC, Ruano-Ravina A, Candal-Pedreira C, López-López R, Torres-Durán M, Enjo-Barreiro JR, Provencio M, Parente-Lamelas I, Vidal-García I, Martínez C, Hernández-Hernández J, Abdulkader-Nallib I, Castro-Añón O, Piñeiro-Lamas M, Varela-Lema L, Fernández-Villar A, Barros-Dios J, Pérez-Ríos M. Occupation as a risk factor of small cell lung cancer. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4727. [PMID: 36959236 PMCID: PMC10036470 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31991-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) comprises approximately 10% of all lung cancer cases. Tobacco is its main risk factor; however, occupation might play a role in this specific lung cancer subtype. The effect of occupation on SCLC risk has been hardly studied and therefore we aim to assess the role of occupation on the risk of SCLC. To do this, we designed a multicentric, hospital-based, case-control study. Cases consisted exclusively in SCLC patients and controls were recruited from patients having minor surgery at the participating hospitals. Face to face interviews emphasizing occupation and tobacco consumption were held and residential radon was also measured. Logistic regression models were adjusted with odds ratios with 95%CI as estimations of the effect. 423 cases and 905 controls were included. Smoking prevalence was higher in cases compared to controls. Those who worked in known-risk occupations for lung cancer showed an OR of 2.17 (95%CI 1.33; 3.52), with a similar risk when men were analysed separately. The results were adjusted by age, sex, smoking and indoor radon exposure. Those who worked in known-risk occupations and were moderate or heavy smokers had a SCLC risk of 12.19 (95%CI 5.68-26.38) compared with never or moderate smokers who had not worked in such occupations. Occupation is a relevant risk factor of SCLC, and it seems that its effect is boosted when tobacco smoking is present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Curiel García
- Service of Medical Oncology, Santiago de Compostela University Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Medicina, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, C/ San Francisco s/n., 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Alberto Ruano-Ravina
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Medicina, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, C/ San Francisco s/n., 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
- Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela-IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Cristina Candal-Pedreira
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Medicina, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, C/ San Francisco s/n., 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela-IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Rafael López-López
- Service of Medical Oncology, Santiago de Compostela University Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela-IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Translational Medical Oncology Group (Oncomet), Roche-Chus Joint Unit, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - María Torres-Durán
- NeumoVigo I+i Research Group, Department of Pneumology, Alvaro Cunqueiro University Teaching Hospital, Southern Galician Institute of Health Research (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur-IISGS), Vigo, Spain
| | - José Ramón Enjo-Barreiro
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Medicina, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, C/ San Francisco s/n., 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Mariano Provencio
- Service of Medical Oncology, Puerta del Hierro University Hospital of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Iria Vidal-García
- Service of Neumology, University Hospital Complex of A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Cristina Martínez
- National Institute of Silicosis, University Hospital of Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | | | - Ihab Abdulkader-Nallib
- Service of Pathological Anatomy, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Olalla Castro-Añón
- Department of Pneumology, Lucus Augusti University Teaching Hospital, Lugo, Spain
- Grupo C039 Biodiscovery HULA-USC, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - María Piñeiro-Lamas
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Leonor Varela-Lema
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Medicina, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, C/ San Francisco s/n., 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela-IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Alberto Fernández-Villar
- NeumoVigo I+i Research Group, Department of Pneumology, Alvaro Cunqueiro University Teaching Hospital, Southern Galician Institute of Health Research (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur-IISGS), Vigo, Spain
| | - Juan Barros-Dios
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Medicina, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, C/ San Francisco s/n., 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela-IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Mónica Pérez-Ríos
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Universidad de Medicina, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, C/ San Francisco s/n., 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela-IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Bekara MEA, Djebbar A, Sebaihia M, Bouzeghti MEA, Badaoui L. Bayesian spatio-temporal analysis of the incidence of lung cancer in the North West of Algeria, 2014-2020. Spat Spatiotemporal Epidemiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sste.2023.100583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
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Loomis D, Dzhambov AM, Momen NC, Chartres N, Descatha A, Guha N, Kang SK, Modenese A, Morgan RL, Ahn S, Martínez-Silveira MS, Zhang S, Pega F. The effect of occupational exposure to welding fumes on trachea, bronchus and lung cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-related Burden of Disease and Injury. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 170:107565. [PMID: 36402034 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Labour Organization (ILO) are the producers of the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates of the Work-related Burden of Disease and Injury (WHO/ILO Joint Estimates). Welding fumes have been classified as carcinogenic to humans (Group 1) by the WHO International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) in IARC Monograph 118; this assessment found sufficient evidence from studies in humans that welding fumes are a cause of lung cancer. In this article, we present a systematic review and meta-analysis of parameters for estimating the number of deaths and disability-adjusted life years from trachea, bronchus, and lung cancer attributable to occupational exposure to welding fumes, to inform the development of WHO/ILO Joint Estimates on this burden of disease (if considered feasible). OBJECTIVES We aimed to systematically review and meta-analyse estimates of the effect of any (or high) occupational exposure to welding fumes, compared with no (or low) occupational exposure to welding fumes, on trachea, bronchus, and lung cancer (three outcomes: prevalence, incidence, and mortality). DATA SOURCES We developed and published a protocol, applying the Navigation Guide as an organizing systematic review framework where feasible. We searched electronic databases for potentially relevant records from published and unpublished studies, including Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, CENTRAL and CISDOC. We also searched grey literature databases, Internet search engines, and organizational websites; hand-searched reference lists of previous systematic reviews; and consulted additional experts. STUDY ELIGIBILITY AND CRITERIA We included working-age (≥15 years) workers in the formal and informal economy in any Member State of WHO and/or ILO but excluded children (<15 years) and unpaid domestic workers. We included randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, case-control studies, and other non-randomized intervention studies with an estimate of the effect of any (or high) occupational exposure to welding fumes, compared with occupational exposure to no (or low) welding fumes, on trachea, bronchus, and lung cancer (prevalence, incidence, and mortality). STUDY APPRAISAL AND SYNTHESIS METHODS At least two review authors independently screened titles and abstracts against the eligibility criteria at a first review stage and full texts of potentially eligible records at a second stage, followed by extraction of data from qualifying studies. If studies reported odds ratios, these were converted to risk ratios (RRs). We combined all RRs using random-effects meta-analysis. Two or more review authors assessed the risk of bias, quality of evidence, and strength of evidence, using the Navigation Guide tools and approaches adapted to this project. Subgroup (e.g., by WHO region and sex) and sensitivity analyses (e.g., studies judged to be of "high"/"probably high" risk of bias compared with "low"/"probably low" risk of bias) were conducted. RESULTS Forty-one records from 40 studies (29 case control studies and 11 cohort studies) met the inclusion criteria, comprising over 1,265,512 participants (≥22,761 females) in 21 countries in three WHO regions (Region of the Americas, European Region, and Western Pacific Region). The exposure and outcome were generally assessed by job title or self-report, and medical or administrative records, respectively. Across included studies, risk of bias was overall generally probably low/low, with risk judged high or probably high for several studies in the domains for misclassification bias and confounding. Our search identified no evidence on the outcome of having trachea, bronchus, and lung cancer (prevalence). Compared with no (or low) occupational exposure to welding fumes, any (or high) occupational exposure to welding fumes increased the risk of acquiring trachea, bronchus, and lung cancer (incidence) by an estimated 48 % (RR 1.48, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.29-1.70, 23 studies, 57,931 participants, I2 24 %; moderate quality of evidence). Compared with no (or low) occupational exposure to welding fumes, any (or high) occupational exposure to welding fumes increased the risk dying from trachea, bronchus, and lung cancer (mortality) by an estimated 27 % (RR 1.27, 95 % CI 1.04-1.56, 3 studies, 8,686 participants, I2 0 %; low quality of evidence). Our subgroup analyses found no evidence for difference by WHO region and sex. Sensitivity analyses supported the main analyses. CONCLUSIONS Overall, for incidence and mortality of trachea, bronchus, and lung cancer, we judged the existing body of evidence for human data as "sufficient evidence of harmfulness" and "limited evidence of harmfulness", respectively. Occupational exposure to welding fumes increased the risk of acquiring and dying from trachea, bronchus, and lung cancer. Producing estimates for the burden of trachea, bronchus, and lung cancer attributable to any (or high) occupational exposure to welding fumes appears evidence-based, and the pooled effect estimates presented in this systematic review could be used as input data for the WHO/ILO Joint Estimates. PROTOCOL IDENTIFIER: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2020.106089.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Loomis
- School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV, the United States of America; Plumas County Public Health Agency, Plumas County, CA, the United States of America.
| | - Angel M Dzhambov
- Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Institute for Highway Engineering and Transport Planning, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria.
| | - Natalie C Momen
- Department of Environment, Climate Change and Health, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Nicholas Chartres
- Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, the United States of America.
| | - Alexis Descatha
- AP-HP (Paris Hospital "Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris"), Occupational Health Unit, University Hospital of West Suburb of Paris, Poincaré Site, Garches, France /Versailles St-Quentin Univ - Paris Saclay Univ (UVSQ), UMS 011, UMR-S 1168, France; Univ Angers, CHU Angers, Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S1085, SFR ICAT, CAPTV CDC, Angers, France.
| | - Neela Guha
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Oakland, CA, the United States of America.
| | - Seong-Kyu Kang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Alberto Modenese
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
| | - Rebecca L Morgan
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
| | - Seoyeon Ahn
- National Pension Research Institute, Jeonju-si, Republic of Korea.
| | | | - Siyu Zhang
- National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Frank Pega
- Department of Environment, Climate Change and Health, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
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8
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Jiang Y, Han R, Su J, Fan X, Yu H, Tao R, Zhou J. Trends and predictions of lung cancer incidence in Jiangsu Province, China, 2009-2030: a bayesian age-period-cohort modelling study. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:1110. [PMID: 36316669 PMCID: PMC9620624 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10187-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is currently the most frequent cancer in Jiangsu Province, China, and the features of cancer distribution have changed continuously in the last decade. The aim of this study was to analyse the trend of the incidence of lung cancer in Jiangsu from 2009 to 2018 and predict the incidence from 2019 to 2030. METHODS Data on lung cancer incidence in Jiangsu from 2009 to 2018 were retrieved from the Jiangsu Cancer Registry. The average annual percentage change (AAPC) was used to quantify the trend of the lung cancer age-standardized rate (ASR) using Joinpoint software. Bayesian age-period-cohort models were used to predict lung cancer incidence up to 2030. RESULTS In Jiangsu, the lung cancer crude rate increased from 45.73 per 100,000 in 2009 to 69.93 per 100,000 in 2018. The lung cancer ASR increased from 29.03 per 100,000 to 34.22 per 100,000 during the same period (AAPC = 2.17%, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.54%, 2.80%). Between 2019 and 2030, the lung cancer ASR is predicted to decrease slightly to 32.14 per 100,000 (95% highest density interval [HDI], 24.99, 40.22). Meanwhile, the ASR showed a downward trend in males and rural regions while remaining stable in females and urban regions. CONCLUSION We predict that the incidence of lung cancer in Jiangsu will decrease in the next 12 years, mainly due to the decrease in males and rural areas. Therefore, future lung cancer prevention and control efforts should be focused on females and urban regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, China
| | - Renqiang Han
- Department of Non-communicable Chronic Disease and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 210009, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Su
- Department of Non-communicable Chronic Disease and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 210009, Nanjing, China
| | - Xikang Fan
- Department of Non-communicable Chronic Disease and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 210009, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of Non-communicable Chronic Disease and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 210009, Nanjing, China
| | - Ran Tao
- Department of Non-communicable Chronic Disease and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 210009, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinyi Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 211166, Nanjing, China.
- Department of Non-communicable Chronic Disease and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 210009, Nanjing, China.
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9
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Zaharudin N, Jailaini MFM, Abeed NNN, Ng BH, Ban AYL, Imree M, Zakaria R, Zakaria SZS, Hamid MFA. Prevalence and clinical characteristics of malignant lung nodules in tuberculosis endemic area in a single tertiary centre. BMC Pulm Med 2022; 22:328. [PMID: 36038853 PMCID: PMC9422142 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-022-02125-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung nodule management remains a challenge to clinicians, especially in endemic tuberculosis areas. Different guidelines are available with various recommendations; however, the suitability of these guidelines for the Asian population is still unclear. Our study described the prevalence of malignant lung nodules among nodules measuring 2-30 mm, the demographic and characteristics of lung nodules between benign and malignant groups, and the clinician's clinical practice in managing lung nodules. METHOD Retrospective review of lung nodules from the computed tomography archiving and communication system (PACS) database and clinical data from January 2019 to January 2022. The data was analysed by using chi square, mann whitney test and simple logistic regression. RESULTS There were 288 nodules measuring 2-30 mm identified; 49 nodules underwent biopsy. Twenty-seven (55%) biopsied nodules were malignant, (prevalence of 9.4%). Among the malignant lung nodules, 74% were adenocarcinoma (n = 20). The commonest benign nodules were granuloma n = 12 (55%). In nodules > 8 mm, the median age of malignant and benign was 72 ± 12 years and 66 ± 16 years, respectively (p = 0.024). There was a significant association of benign nodules (> 8 mm) in subjects with previous or concurrent tuberculosis (p = 0.008). Benign nodules are also associated with nodule size ≤ 8 mm, without spiculation (p < 0.001) and absence of emphysema (p = 0.007). The nodule size and the presence of spiculation are factors to make the clinicians proceed with tissue biopsy. Spiculated nodules and increased nodule size had 11 and 13 times higher chances of undergoing biopsy respectively (p < 0.001).) Previous history of tuberculosis had a 0.874 reduced risk of progression to malignant lung nodules (p = 0.013). These findings implied that these three factors are important risk factors for malignant lung nodules. There was no mortality association between benign and malignant. Using Brock's probability of malignancy, nodules ≤ 8 mm had a low probability of malignancy. CONCLUSION The prevalence of malignant lung nodules in our centre was comparatively lower than non-Asian countries. Older age, the presence of emphysema, and spiculation are associated with malignancy. Clinical judgment is of utmost importance in managing these patients. Fleishner guideline is still being used as a reference by our clinician.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norsyuhada Zaharudin
- Respiratory Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mas Fazlin Mohamad Jailaini
- Respiratory Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nik Nuratiqah Nik Abeed
- Respiratory Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Boon Hau Ng
- Respiratory Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Andrea Yu-Lin Ban
- Respiratory Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Imree
- Radiology Department, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rozman Zakaria
- Radiology Department, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Mohamed Faisal Abdul Hamid
- Respiratory Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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10
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Olsson A, Guha N, Bouaoun L, Kromhout H, Peters S, Siemiatycki J, Ho V, Gustavsson P, Boffetta P, Vermeulen R, Behrens T, Brüning T, Kendzia B, Guénel P, Luce D, Karrasch S, Wichmann HE, Consonni D, Landi MT, Caporaso NE, Merletti F, Mirabelli D, Richiardi L, Jöckel KH, Ahrens W, Pohlabeln H, Tardón A, Zaridze D, Field JK, Lissowska J, Świątkowska B, McLaughlin JR, Demers PA, Bencko V, Foretova L, Janout V, Pándics T, Fabianova E, Mates D, Forastiere F, Bueno-de-Mesquita B, Schüz J, Straif K. Occupational Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Lung Cancer Risk: Results from a Pooled Analysis of Case-Control Studies (SYNERGY). Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022; 31:1433-1441. [PMID: 35437574 PMCID: PMC9377765 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-21-1428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) occurs widely in occupational settings. We investigated the association between occupational exposure to PAH and lung cancer risk and joint effects with smoking within the SYNERGY project. METHODS We pooled 14 case-control studies with information on lifetime occupational and smoking histories conducted between 1985 and 2010 in Europe and Canada. Exposure to benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) was used as a proxy of PAH and estimated from a quantitative general population job-exposure matrix. Multivariable unconditional logistic regression models, adjusted for smoking and exposure to other occupational lung carcinogens, estimated ORs, and 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS We included 16,901 lung cancer cases and 20,965 frequency-matched controls. Adjusted OR for PAH exposure (ever) was 1.08 (CI, 1.02-1.15) in men and 1.20 (CI, 1.04-1.38) in women. When stratified by smoking status and histologic subtype, the OR for cumulative exposure ≥0.24 BaP μg/m3-years in men was higher in never smokers overall [1.31 (CI, 0.98-1.75)], for small cell [2.53 (CI, 1.28-4.99)] and squamous cell cancers [1.33 (CI, 0.80-2.21)]. Joint effects between PAH and smoking were observed. Restricting analysis to the most recent studies showed no increased risk. CONCLUSIONS Elevated lung cancer risk associated with PAH exposure was observed in both sexes, particularly for small cell and squamous cell cancers, after accounting for cigarette smoking and exposure to other occupational lung carcinogens. IMPACT The lack of association between PAH and lung cancer in more recent studies merits further research under today's exposure conditions and worker protection measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Olsson
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Neela Guha
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Oakland, California
| | - Liacine Bouaoun
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Hans Kromhout
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Susan Peters
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jack Siemiatycki
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Vikki Ho
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Per Gustavsson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas Behrens
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Thomas Brüning
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Benjamin Kendzia
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University (IPA), Bochum, Germany
| | - Pascal Guénel
- Center for research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), Exposome and Heredity team, Inserm U1018, University Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Danièle Luce
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, Pointe-à-Pitre, France
| | - Stefan Karrasch
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Heinz-Erich Wichmann
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- Institut für Medizinische Informatik Biometrie Epidemiologie, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Dario Consonni
- Epidemiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Landi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Neil E Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Franco Merletti
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Dario Mirabelli
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Richiardi
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Karl-Heinz Jöckel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (IMIBE), University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
- Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Institute of Statistics, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Hermann Pohlabeln
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Adonina Tardón
- Department of Public Health, University of Oviedo. ISPA and CIBERESP, Oviedo, Spain
| | - David Zaridze
- Department of cancer epidemiology and Prevention, N.N. Blokhin National Research Centre of oncology, Moscow, Russia
| | - John K Field
- Roy Castle Lung Cancer Research Programme, Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Jolanta Lissowska
- Epidemiology Unit, Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, M. Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Beata Świątkowska
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, The Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland
| | - John R McLaughlin
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Paul A Demers
- Occupational Cancer Research Centre, Ontario Health, Toronto, Canada
| | - Vladimir Bencko
- Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | | | - Vladimir Janout
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czechia
| | | | - Eleonora Fabianova
- Regional Authority of Public Health, Banská Bystrica, Slovakia
- Faculty of Health, Catholic University, Ružomberok, Slovakia
| | - Dana Mates
- National Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita
- Former senior scientist, Centre for Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Joachim Schüz
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Kurt Straif
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Boston College, Massachusetts
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11
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Babić Ž, Macan M, Franić Z, Hallmann S, Havmose MS, Johansen JD, John SM, Symanzik C, Uter W, Weinert P, van der Molen HF, Kezic S, Turk R, Macan J. Association of hairdressing with cancer and reproductive diseases: A systematic review. J Occup Health 2022; 64:e12351. [PMID: 36017574 PMCID: PMC9411989 DOI: 10.1002/1348-9585.12351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To review recent epidemiological studies investigating carcinogenic or reprotoxic effects among hairdressers who seem to be at greater risk for systemic adverse effects of chemicals released from hair care products than consumers. METHODS A systematic review according to the PRISMA-P guidelines was performed and included studies published from 2000 to August 2021, in which cancer or adverse reproductive effects were diagnosed in 1995 and onward. Data were synthetized qualitatively due to the small number of studies, heterogeneity of study designs, outcomes, and methods. RESULTS Four studies investigating cancer frequencies and six studies investigating effects on reproduction among hairdressers were identified. All were of good quality and with low risk of bias. Only one of the four studies found an increased risk of cancer reporting nine times higher odds for bladder cancer in hairdressers than the population-based controls. Three other studies investigating bladder and lung cancer, and non-Hodgins lymphoma did not find an increased risk in hairdressers. Regarding reprotoxic effects, numerous outcomes were investigated including menstrual disorders, congenital malformations, fetal loss, small-for-gestational age newborns, preterm delivery, and infertility. Increased risk was found for ventricular septal defect in newborns of fathers working as hairdressers. Furthermore, several indices of poor neonatal or maternal health were significantly associated with mothers working as hairdresser. CONCLUSIONS Despite the scarce evidence that hairdressers are at increased risk of carcinogenic or reprotoxic effects related to their trade, such health risks cannot be ruled out. Therefore, preventive efforts to diminish occupational exposures to hairdressing chemicals should be targeted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Željka Babić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational HealthZagrebCroatia
| | - Marija Macan
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational HealthZagrebCroatia
| | - Zrinka Franić
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational HealthZagrebCroatia
| | - Sarah Hallmann
- Department of Medical Informatics, Biometry and EpidemiologyFriedrich‐Alexander Universität Erlangen/Nürnberg, ErlangenErlangenGermany
| | - Martin S. Havmose
- National Allergy Research Centre, Department of Skin and AllergyUniversity of Copenhagen, Gentofte HospitalCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Jeanne D. Johansen
- National Allergy Research Centre, Department of Skin and AllergyUniversity of Copenhagen, Gentofte HospitalCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Swen M. John
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health TheoryOsnabrück UniversityOsnabrückGermany
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Dermatological Prevention and Rehabilitation (iDerm) at Osnabrück UniversityOsnabrückGermany
| | - Cara Symanzik
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health TheoryOsnabrück UniversityOsnabrückGermany
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Dermatological Prevention and Rehabilitation (iDerm) at Osnabrück UniversityOsnabrückGermany
| | - Wolfgang Uter
- Department of Medical Informatics, Biometry and EpidemiologyFriedrich‐Alexander Universität Erlangen/Nürnberg, ErlangenErlangenGermany
| | - Patricia Weinert
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Dermatological Prevention and Rehabilitation (iDerm) at Osnabrück UniversityOsnabrückGermany
| | - Henk F. van der Molen
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research InstituteAmsterdam UMC, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Sanja Kezic
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research InstituteAmsterdam UMC, University of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Rajka Turk
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational HealthZagrebCroatia
| | - Jelena Macan
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational HealthZagrebCroatia
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12
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Paustenbach D, Brew D, Ligas S, Heywood J. A critical review of the 2020 EPA risk assessment for chrysotile and its many shortcomings. Crit Rev Toxicol 2021; 51:509-539. [PMID: 34651555 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2021.1968337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
From 2018 to 2020, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) performed a risk evaluation of chrysotile asbestos to evaluate the hazards of asbestos-containing products (e.g. encapsulated products), including brakes and gaskets, allegedly currently sold in the United States. During the public review period, the EPA received more than 100 letters commenting on the proposed risk evaluation. The Science Advisory Committee on Chemicals (SACC), which peer reviewed the document, asked approximately 100 questions of the EPA that they expected to be addressed prior to publication of the final version of the risk assessment on 30 December 2020. After careful analysis, the authors of this manuscript found many significant scientific shortcomings in both the EPA's draft and final versions of the chrysotile risk evaluation. First, the EPA provided insufficient evidence regarding the current number of chrysotile-containing brakes and gaskets being sold in the United States, which influences the need for regulatory oversight. Second, the Agency did not give adequate consideration to the more than 200 air samples detailed in the published literature of auto mechanics who changed brakes in the 1970-1989 era. Third, the Agency did not consider more than 15 epidemiology studies indicating that exposures to encapsulated chrysotile asbestos in brakes and gaskets, which were generally in commerce from approximately 1950-1985, did not increase the incidence of any asbestos-related disease. Fourth, the concern about chrysotile asbestos being a mesothelioma hazard was based on populations in two facilities where mixed exposure to chrysotile and commercial amphibole asbestos (amosite and crocidolite) occurred. All 8 cases of pleural cancer and mesothelioma in the examined populations arose in facilities where amphiboles were present. It was therefore inappropriate to rely on these cohorts to predict the health risks of exposure to short fiber chrysotile, especially of those fibers filled with phenolic resins. Fifth, the suggested inhalation unit risk (IUR) for chrysotile asbestos was far too high since it was not markedly different than for amosite, despite the fact that the amphiboles are a far more potent carcinogen. Sixth, the approach to low dose modeling was not the most appropriate one in several respects, but, without question, it should have accounted for the background rate of mesothelioma in the general population. Just one month after this assessment was published, the National Academies of Science notified the EPA that the Agency's systematic review process was flawed. The result of the EPA's chrysotile asbestos risk evaluation is that society can expect dozens of years of scientifically unwarranted litigation. Due to an aging population and because some fraction of the population is naturally predisposed to mesothelioma given the presence of various genetic mutations in DNA repair mechanisms (e.g. BAP1 and others), the vast majority of mesotheliomas in the post-2035 era are expected to be spontaneous and unrelated in any way to exposure to asbestos. Due to the EPA's analysis, it is our belief that those who handled brakes and gaskets in the post-1985 era may now believe that those exposures were the cause of their mesothelioma, when a risk assessment based on the scientific weight of evidence would indicate otherwise.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Brew
- Paustenbach and Associates, Jackson, WY, USA
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13
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Abstract
Background: In Indonesia, many occupations and industries involve a variety of hazardous and toxic materials. The ILO estimates that about 21.1% of the tracheal, bronchial, and lung cancer deaths among men were attributable to workplace hazardous substances. This study investigated the relationship between occupations or workplace exposure and the risk of lung cancer in the country. The results will help determine how Indonesia can best mitigate the risk for its workers. Objectives: This case-control study utilizes the Indonesian Standard of Industrial Classification (IndSIC) 2015 with the aim of exploring the risk of lung cancer among Indonesian workers. Methods: The study included patients aged 35 years old or older receiving thoracic CT at the radiology department of Persahabatan Hospital. The cases were histological-confirmed primary lung cancers, while the controls were negative thoracic CT scan for lung cancer. The subjects’ job titles and industries were classified according to IndSIC 2015 and blind to the patient’s grouping as a case or control. Logistic regression was used to determine the odds ratios for lung cancer among all sections and some divisions or groups of IndSIC 2015. Findings: The mean age was 58.1 (±10.23) years for lung cancer patients and 54.5 (±10.23) years for controls. The majority of subjects (19.6%) worked in Section G (Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycle). After adjusting for age, gender, level of education, and smoking habit, the risk of lung cancer was nearly three-times higher (OR = 2.8, 95% CI = 1.11–7.02) in workers of Division A01 (crop, animal production, and hunting) and two-times higher (OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.05–3.46) in workers of Section F (construction) compared to the workers in other sections or divisions. Conclusions: The excess risk of lung cancer among certain categories of workers confirms the need for improved policy, monitoring, and control of occupational exposure for primary cancer prevention and workers’ compensation purposes.
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14
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Brey C, Gouveia FT, Silva BS, Sarquis LMM, Miranda FMD, Consonni D. Lung cancer related to occupational exposure: an integrative review. Rev Gaucha Enferm 2020; 41:e20190378. [DOI: 10.1590/1983-1447.2020.20190378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: To identify in the literature the carcinogenic agents found in the work environment, the occupations and the risk for lung cancer. Method: A descriptive and analytical study of the Integrative Literature Review type was carried out in national and international databases from the last ten years in the period from 2009 to 2018, concerning 32 studies referring to association between carcinogenic substances to which the worker is exposed and lung cancer. Results: Nine (28.1%) publications originated in China and only one in Brazil. The most exposed workers were from the secondary sector, 50% being from industry and 6.2% from construction, mostly male. Asbestos and silica stood out among the carcinogenic substances most associated with lung cancer risk, accounting for 37.5% and 28.1%, respectively. Conclusions: The association between occupational exposure and the risk for lung cancer was characterized in this research by the substantial scientific evidence from the described studies that confirm this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Brey
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Brasil; Instituto Federal do Paraná, Brasil
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15
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Lorenzo-González M, Ruano-Ravina A, Torres-Durán M, Provencio-Pulla M, Kelsey K, Parente-Lamelas I, Vidal-García I, Leiro-Fernández V, Martínez C, Hernández J, Castro-Añón O, García-García S, Sales-Fidalgo P, Abal-Arca J, Montero-Martínez C, Pérez-Ríos M, Fernández-Villar A, Barros-Dios JM. Lung cancer risk and do-it-yourself activities. A neglected risk factor for lung cancer. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 179:108812. [PMID: 31698297 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between do-it-yourself activities entailing the exposure to carcinogenic substances and the risk of lung cancer. METHODS We pooled individual data from different case-control studies conducted in Northwestern Spain which investigated residential radon and lung cancer. Cases had an anatomopathologically confirmed primary lung cancer and controls were selected at the pre-surgery unit with uncomplicated surgeries. Both cases and controls were older than 30 years with no previous cancer history. All participants were interviewed face-to-face using a specific questionnaire. Painting, model building, furniture refinishing and woodworking or home carpentry were the do-it-yourself activities considered risky due to exposure to carcinogenic agents. RESULTS We included 1528 cases and 1457 controls. Practicing do-it-yourself risk activities was more frequent among cases: 16.0% were exposed to carcinogenic exposures during leisure time, compared to 11.8% for controls. The overall adjusted OR for lung cancer risk among individuals who practiced do-it-yourself risk activities, was 1.77 (95% CI: 1.36-2.31); this was 2.17 (95% CI: 1.51-3.11) when the analysis was restricted to individuals who performed these activities for at least 10 years. These risks were greater when the analyses were carried out exclusively among never-smokers, with the respective ORs being 2.04 (95% CI: 1.38-3.01) and 3.10 (95% CI: 1.78-5.40). CONCLUSION These results support the hypothesis that do-it-yourself activities involving exposure to certain carcinogens are associated with an increased risk of lung cancer, both in ever and never-smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Lorenzo-González
- Service of Preventive Medicine, University Hospital Complex of Ourense, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Alberto Ruano-Ravina
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública CIBERESP, Spain.
| | | | | | - Karl Kelsey
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, USA
| | | | - Iria Vidal-García
- Service of Neumology, University Hospital Complex of A Coruña, Spain
| | | | - Cristina Martínez
- National Institute of Silicosis, University Hospital of Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Jesús Hernández
- Service of Neumology, University Hospital Complex of Ávila, Spain
| | | | | | | | - José Abal-Arca
- Service of Neumology, University Hospital Complex of Ourense, Spain
| | | | - Mónica Pérez-Ríos
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública CIBERESP, Spain
| | | | - Juan Miguel Barros-Dios
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública CIBERESP, Spain; Service of Preventive Medicine, University Hospital Complex of Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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16
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Matrat M, Radoï L, Févotte J, Guida F, Cénée S, Cyr D, Sanchez M, Menvielle G, Schmaus A, Marrer E, Luce D, Stücker I. Occupational exposure to wood dust and risk of lung cancer: the ICARE study. Occup Environ Med 2019; 76:901-907. [PMID: 31537717 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2019-105802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In a previous analysis of data from a French population-based case-control study (the Investigation of occupational and environmental CAuses of REspiratory cancers (ICARE) study), 'having ever worked' in wood-related occupations was associated with excess lung cancer risk after adjusting for smoking but not for occupational factors. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between lung cancer risk and wood dust exposure after adjusting for occupational exposures. METHODS Data were obtained from 2276 cases and 2780 controls on smoking habits and lifelong occupational history, using a standardised questionnaire with a job-specific questionnaire for wood dust exposure. Logistic regression models were used to calculate ORs and 95% CIs adjusted for age, area of residence, tobacco smoking, the number of job periods and exposure to silica, asbestos and diesel motor exhaust (DME). RESULTS No significant association was found between lung cancer and wood dust exposure after adjustment for smoking, asbestos, silica and DME exposures. The risk of lung cancer was slightly increased among those who were exposed to wood dust more than 10 years, and had over 40 years since the first exposure. CONCLUSION Our findings do not provide a strong support to the hypothesis that wood dust exposure is a risk factor for lung cancer. This study showed the importance of taking into account smoking and occupational coexposures in studies on lung cancer and wood dust exposure. Further studies evaluating the level and frequency of exposure during various tasks in woodwork are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireille Matrat
- Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, CESP, U1018, Equipe Epidemiologie des Cancers, Gènes et Environnement, INSERM, Villejuif, France .,Faculty of Medicine IFR 10, University Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Loredana Radoï
- Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, CESP, U1018, Equipe Epidemiologie des Cancers, Gènes et Environnement, INSERM, Villejuif, France.,Faculty of Dental Surgery, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Joëlle Févotte
- Unité Mixte de Recherche Epidémiologique et de Surveillance Transport Travail Environnement (UMRESTTE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Florence Guida
- Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, CESP, U1018, Equipe Epidemiologie des Cancers, Gènes et Environnement, INSERM, Villejuif, France
| | - Sylvie Cénée
- Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, CESP, U1018, Equipe Epidemiologie des Cancers, Gènes et Environnement, INSERM, Villejuif, France
| | - Diane Cyr
- Population-Based Epidemiological Cohorts Unit (UMS 011) INSERM-UVSQ, INSERM, Villejuif, France.,UMS 011, University of Versailles St-Quentin, Villejuif, France
| | - Marie Sanchez
- Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, CESP, U1018, Equipe Epidemiologie des Cancers, Gènes et Environnement, INSERM, Villejuif, France
| | - Gwenn Menvielle
- Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP, UMR1136), Sorbonne Universités, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Annie Schmaus
- Population-Based Epidemiological Cohorts Unit (UMS 011) INSERM-UVSQ, INSERM, Villejuif, France.,UMS 011, University of Versailles St-Quentin, Villejuif, France
| | - Emilie Marrer
- Registre des tumeurs du Haut Rhin, Centre Hospitalier de Mulhouse ARER 68, Mulhouse, France
| | - Danièle Luce
- UMRS 1085 IRSET, INSERM, Pointe-à-Pitre, France.,Campus de Fouillole, University of Rennes 1, Pointe à Pitre, France
| | - Isabelle Stücker
- Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Sud, UVSQ, CESP, U1018, Equipe Epidemiologie des Cancers, Gènes et Environnement, INSERM, Villejuif, France
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17
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Consonni D, Calvi C, De Matteis S, Mirabelli D, Landi MT, Caporaso NE, Peters S, Vermeulen R, Kromhout H, Dallari B, Pesatori AC, Riboldi L, Mensi C. Peritoneal mesothelioma and asbestos exposure: a population-based case-control study in Lombardy, Italy. Occup Environ Med 2019; 76:545-553. [PMID: 31285358 PMCID: PMC6703122 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2019-105826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Asbestos is the main risk factor for peritoneal mesothelioma (PeM). However, due to its rarity, PeM has rarely been investigated in community-based studies. We examined the association between asbestos exposure and PeM risk in a general population in Lombardy, Italy. METHODS From the regional mesothelioma registry, we selected PeM cases diagnosed in 2000-2015. Population controls (matched by area, gender and age) came from two case-control studies in Lombardy on lung cancer (2002-2004) and pleural mesothelioma (2014). Assessment of exposure to asbestos was performed through a quantitative job-exposure matrix (SYN-JEM) and expert evaluation based on a standardised questionnaire. We calculated period-specific and gender-specific OR and 90% CI using conditional logistic regression adjusted for age, province of residence and education. RESULTS We selected 68 cases and 2116 controls (2000-2007) and 159 cases and 205 controls (2008-2015). The ORs for ever asbestos exposure (expert-based, 2008-2015 only) were 5.78 (90% CI 3.03 to 11.0) in men and 8.00 (2.56 to 25.0) in women; the ORs for definite occupational exposure were 12.3 (5.62 to 26.7) in men and 14.3 (3.16 to 65.0) in women. The ORs for ever versus never occupational asbestos exposure based on SYN-JEM (both periods) were 2.05 (90% CI 1.39 to 3.01) in men and 1.62 (0.79 to 3.27) in women. In men, clear positive associations were found for duration, cumulative exposure (OR 1.33 (1.19 to 1.48) per fibres/mL-years) and latency. CONCLUSIONS Using two different methods of exposure assessment we provided evidence of a clear association between asbestos exposure and PeM risk in the general population.
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Grants
- Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, the National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro (AIRC), Milan, Italy
- Ministry of Health, CCM (Centro Nazionale per la Prevenzione e il Controllo delle Malattie), Rome, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale per l’Assicurazione contro gli Infortuni sul Lavoro (INAIL), Rome, Italy
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Consonni
- Occupational Health Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda – Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Sara De Matteis
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
- Medical School, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Dario Mirabelli
- Cancer Epidemiology, CPO and University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Landi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Neil E Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Susan Peters
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Kromhout
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Barbara Dallari
- Occupational Health Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda – Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Cecilia Pesatori
- Occupational Health Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda – Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Luciano Riboldi
- Occupational Health Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda – Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Carolina Mensi
- Occupational Health Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda – Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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18
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Cancer in glass workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2019; 93:1-10. [DOI: 10.1007/s00420-019-01460-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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19
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Lim SM, Choi JW, Hong MH, Jung D, Lee CY, Park SY, Shim HS, Sheen S, Kwak KI, Kang DR, Cho BC, Kim HR. Indoor radon exposure increases tumor mutation burden in never-smoker patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Lung Cancer 2019; 131:139-146. [PMID: 31027691 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Radon, a natural radiation, is the leading environmental cause of lung cancer in never-smokers. However, the radon exposure impact on the mutational landscape and tumor mutation burden (TMB) of lung cancer in never-smokers has not been explored. The aim of this study was to investigate the mutational landscape of lung adenocarcinoma in never-smokers who were exposed to various degrees of residential radon. MATERIALS AND METHODS To investigate the effect of indoor radon exposure, we estimated the cumulative exposure to indoor radon in each house of patients with lung cancer with a never-smoking history. Patients with at least 2 year-duration of residence before the diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma were included. Patients were subgrouped based on the median radon exposure level (48 Bq/m3): radon-high vs. radon-low and targeted sequencing of tumor and matched blood were performed in all patients. RESULTS Among 41 patients with lung adenocarcinoma, the TMB was significantly higher in the radon-high group than it was in the radon-low group (mean 4.94 vs. 2.6 mutations/Mb, P = 0.01). The recurrence rates between radon-high and radon-low group did not differ significantly. Mutational signatures of radon-high tumors showed features associated with inactivity of the base excision repair and DNA replication machineries. The analysis of tumor evolutionary trajectories also suggested a series of mutagenesis induced by radon exposure. In addition, radon-high tumors revealed a significant protein-protein interaction of genes involved in DNA damage and repair (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Indoor radon exposure increased the TMB in never-smoker patients with lung adenocarcinoma and their mutational signature was associated with defective DNA mismatch repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Min Lim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Woo Choi
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University of College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Hee Hong
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongmin Jung
- Institute for Cancer Research, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Young Lee
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Yong Park
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Sup Shim
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungsoo Sheen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Im Kwak
- Institute of Genomic Cohort, Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Ryong Kang
- Center of Biomedical Data Science, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung Chul Cho
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; JE-UK Institute for Cancer Research, JEUK Co., Ltd., Gumi-City, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Ryun Kim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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20
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Consonni D, Carugno M, De Matteis S, Nordio F, Randi G, Bazzano M, Caporaso NE, Tucker MA, Bertazzi PA, Pesatori AC, Lubin JH, Landi MT. Outdoor particulate matter (PM10) exposure and lung cancer risk in the EAGLE study. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203539. [PMID: 30216350 PMCID: PMC6157824 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Cohort studies in Europe, but not in North-America, showed an association between exposure to outdoor particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤10 μm (PM10) and lung cancer risk. Only a case-control study on lung cancer and PM10 in South Korea has so far been performed. For the first time in Europe we analyzed quantitatively this association using a case-control study design in highly polluted areas in Italy. Methods The Environment And Genetics in Lung cancer Etiology (EAGLE) study, a population-based case-control study performed in the period 2002–2005 in the Lombardy Region, north-west Italy, enrolled 2099 cases and 2120 controls frequency-matched for area of residence, gender, and age. For this study we selected subjects with complete active and passive smoking history living in the same municipality since 1980 until study enrollment. Fine resolution annual PM10 estimates obtained by applying land use regression modeling to satellite data calibrated with fixed site monitor measurements were used. We assigned each subject the PM10 average estimates for year 2000 based on enrollment address. We used logistic regression models to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) adjusted for matching variables, education, smoking, and dietary and occupational variables. Results We included 3473 subjects, 1665 cases (1318 men, 347 women) and 1808 controls (1368 men, 440 women), with PM10 individual levels ranging from 2.3 to 53.8 μg/m3 (mean: 46.3). We found increasing lung cancer risk with increasing PM10 category (P-value for trend: 0.04). The OR per 10 μg/m3 was 1.28 (95% CI: 0.95–1.72). The association appeared stronger for squamous cell carcinoma (OR 1.44, 95% CI: 0.90–2.29). Conclusion In a population living in highly polluted areas in Italy, our study added suggestive evidence of a positive association between PM10 exposure and lung cancer risk. This study emphasizes the need to strengthen policies to reduce airborne pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Consonni
- Epidemiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda—Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Michele Carugno
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara De Matteis
- National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Francesco Nordio
- TIMI Study Group, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Giorgia Randi
- European Commission, DG Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Varese, Italy
| | - Martina Bazzano
- Master Program in Cognitive Sciences and Decision Making, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Neil E. Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Margaret A. Tucker
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Pier Alberto Bertazzi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela C. Pesatori
- Epidemiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda—Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Jay H. Lubin
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Maria Teresa Landi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
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21
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Abstract
The incidence and mortality from lung cancer is decreasing in the US due to decades of public education and tobacco control policies, but are increasing elsewhere in the world related to the commencement of the tobacco epidemic in various countries and populations in the developing world. Individual cigarette smoking is by far the most common risk factor for lung carcinoma; other risks include passive smoke inhalation, residential radon, occupational exposures, infection and genetic susceptibility. The predominant disease burden currently falls on minority populations and socioeconomically disadvantaged people. In the US, the recent legalization of marijuana for recreational use in many states and the rapid growth of commercially available electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) present challenges to public health for which little short term and no long term safety data is available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia M de Groot
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology at The UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Carol C Wu
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology at The UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Brett W Carter
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology at The UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Reginald F Munden
- Department of Radiology, Wake Forest Baptist Hospital, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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22
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Bigert C, Gustavsson P, Straif K, Taeger D, Pesch B, Kendzia B, Schüz J, Stücker I, Guida F, Brüske I, Wichmann HE, Pesatori AC, Landi MT, Caporaso N, Tse LA, Ignatius Tak-sun Y, Siemiatycki J, Lavoué J, Richiardi L, Mirabelli D, Simonato L, Jöckel KH, Ahrens W, Pohlabeln H, Tardón A, Zaridze D, Field JK, Mannetje A‘, Pearce N, McLaughlin J, Demers P, Szeszenia-Dabrowska N, Lissowska J, Rudnai P, Fabianova E, Dumitru RS, Bencko V, Foretova L, Janout V, Boffetta P, Peters S, Vermeulen R, Kromhout H, Brüning T, Olsson AC. Lung Cancer Among Firefighters: Smoking-Adjusted Risk Estimates in a Pooled Analysis of Case-Control Studies. J Occup Environ Med 2016; 58:1137-1143. [PMID: 27820764 PMCID: PMC7254920 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000000878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to explore lung cancer risk among firefighters, with adjustment for smoking. METHODS We used pooled information from the SYNERGY project including 14 case-control studies conducted in Europe, Canada, New Zealand, and China, with lifetime work histories and smoking habits for 14,748 cases of lung cancer and 17,543 controls. We estimated odds ratios by unconditional logistic regression with adjustment for smoking and having ever been employed in a job known to present an excess risk of lung cancer. RESULTS There was no increased lung cancer risk overall or by specific cell type among firefighters (n = 190), neither before nor after smoking adjustment. We observed no significant exposure-response relationship in terms of work duration. CONCLUSIONS We found no evidence of an excess lung cancer risk related to occupational exposure as a firefighter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Bigert
- The Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Gustavsson
- The Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kurt Straif
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Dirk Taeger
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance – Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Germany
| | - Beate Pesch
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance – Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Germany
| | - Benjamin Kendzia
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance – Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Germany
| | - Joachim Schüz
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Isabelle Stücker
- Inserm, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), U1018, Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer Team, F-94807, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Sud, UMRS 1018, F-94807, Villejuif, France
| | - Florence Guida
- Inserm, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), U1018, Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer Team, F-94807, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Sud, UMRS 1018, F-94807, Villejuif, France
| | - Irene Brüske
- Institut für Epidemiologie I, Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Heinz-Erich Wichmann
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Chair of Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
- Helmholtz Center Munich, Institute of Epidemiology I, Germany
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, Technical University Munich, Germany
| | - Angela C. Pesatori
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano and IRCCS Cá Granda Foundation, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Lap Ah Tse
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu Ignatius Tak-sun
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jack Siemiatycki
- Research Centre of University of Montréal Hospital Centre, University of Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Jérôme Lavoué
- Research Centre of University of Montréal Hospital Centre, University of Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Lorenzo Richiardi
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Dario Mirabelli
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Simonato
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Karl-Heinz Jöckel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology – BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Hermann Pohlabeln
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology – BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | | | | | - John K. Field
- Roy Castle Lung Cancer Research Programme, Cancer Research Centre, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Andrea ‘t Mannetje
- Centre for Public Health Research, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Neil Pearce
- Centre for Public Health Research, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
| | | | - Paul Demers
- Occupational Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Jolanta Lissowska
- The M Sklodowska-Curie Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Peter Rudnai
- National Public Health Center, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | | | - Vladimir Bencko
- Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Vladimir Janout
- Palacky University, Faculty of Medicine, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Medicine, Ostrava University, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Susan Peters
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Occupational Respiratory Epidemiology, School of Population Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Hans Kromhout
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas Brüning
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance – Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Germany
| | - Ann C. Olsson
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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Chung WS, Lin CL, Hsu WH, Kao CH. Increased risk of lung cancer among patients with bronchiectasis: a nationwide cohort study. QJM 2016; 109:17-25. [PMID: 25435548 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcu237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We conducted a longitudinal nationwide cohort study in Taiwan to determine whether patients with bronchiectasis are at an increased risk of developing lung cancer. METHODS This study investigated the incidence and risk for lung cancer in 57 576 patients newly hospitalized with bronchiectasis between 1998 and 2010 from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. The comparison cohort comprised 230 304 individuals from the general population without bronchiectasis. The follow-up period was from the time of the initial hospitalization for bronchiectasis to the date of a lung cancer diagnosis, censoring, or 31 December 2011. We used Cox proportional hazard regression models to analyse the risk of lung cancer by including the variables of sex, age and comorbidities. RESULTS The incidence of lung cancer was higher in patients with bronchiectasis than in the comparison cohort (4.58 vs. 2.02 per 1000 person-years). The bronchiectasis patients exhibited a 2.36-fold increased risk of lung cancer compared with the comparison cohort after adjustment for age, sex and comorbidities (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 2.36, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.19-2.55). The sex-specific bronchiectasis cohort to comparison cohort revealed that the aHR was 2.41 (95% CI = 2.11-2.76) for the women and 2.33 (95% CI = 2.12-2.56) for the men. The incidence rate of lung cancer increased as age increased in both cohorts. CONCLUSION This nationwide study determined that the patients with bronchiectasis exhibited an increased risk of lung cancer compared with the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- W-S Chung
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taichung, Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University, Department of Healthcare Administration, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung
| | - C-L Lin
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung
| | - W-H Hsu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science and School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung and
| | - C-H Kao
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science and School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung and Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Occupational Exposure to Diesel Motor Exhaust and Lung Cancer: A Dose-Response Relationship Hidden by Asbestos Exposure Adjustment? The ICARE Study. J Cancer Epidemiol 2015; 2015:879302. [PMID: 26425123 PMCID: PMC4573883 DOI: 10.1155/2015/879302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Revised: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. In a French large population-based case-control study we investigated the dose-response relationship between lung cancer and occupational exposure to diesel motor exhaust (DME), taking into account asbestos exposure. Methods. Exposure to DME was assessed by questionnaire. Asbestos was taken into account through a global indicator of exposure to occupational carcinogens or by a specific JEM. Results. We found a crude dose response relationship with most of the indicators of DME exposure, including with the cumulative exposure index. All results were affected by adjustment for asbestos exposure. The dose response relationships between DME and lung cancer were observed among subjects never exposed to asbestos. Conclusions. Exposure to DME and to asbestos is frequently found among the same subjects, which may explain why dose-response relationships in previous studies that adjusted for asbestos exposure were inconsistent.
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Domínguez-Berjón MF, Gandarillas A, Soto MJ. Lung cancer and urbanization level in a region of Southern Europe: influence of socio-economic and environmental factors. J Public Health (Oxf) 2015; 38:229-36. [PMID: 25918133 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdv047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study analysed the distribution of lung cancer deaths in areas with different urbanization levels in the Madrid Region and whether such differences persisted when deprivation and air pollution were considered. METHODS This was a population-based cross-sectional study covering lung cancer deaths (2001-07). The exposure indicators were: a deprivation index based on 2001 census data; and the daily mean NO2 measurement (2002-07), both at the census tract level. Analysis was stratified by sex and age group and the Poisson regression models were applied to obtain rate ratios (RRs). RESULTS After adjustment for age, deprivation index and NO2, mortality was similar in the city and Greater Madrid areas and lower in the rural area for the over-64 age group (RR: 0.84 in men and RR: 0.66 in women, with respect to the city of Madrid), and significantly lower in the Greater Madrid area (RR: 0.84 in men and RR: 0.74 in women) and in the rural area (RR: 0.73 in men and RR: 0.51 in women) with respect to the city of Madrid for the under-65 age group. CONCLUSIONS The most urbanized areas of the Madrid Region are characterized by higher lung cancer mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Gandarillas
- Subdirectorate-General for Health Promotion and Prevention, Madrid Regional Health Authority, Madrid, Spain
| | - María José Soto
- Directorate-General for Regulation and Inspection, Madrid Regional Health Authority, Madrid, Spain
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Chen G, Wan X, Yang G, Zou X. Traffic-related air pollution and lung cancer: A meta-analysis. Thorac Cancer 2015; 6:307-18. [PMID: 26273377 PMCID: PMC4448375 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.12185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the association between traffic-related air pollution and lung cancer in order to provide evidence for control of traffic-related air pollution. Methods Several databases were searched for relevant studies up to December 2013. The quality of articles obtained was evaluated by the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology checklist. Statistical analysis, including pooling effective sizes and confidential intervals, was performed. Results A total of 1106 records were obtained through the database and 36 studies were included in our analysis. Among the studies included, 14 evaluated the association between ambient exposure to traffic-related air pollution and lung cancer and 22 studies involved occupational exposure to air pollution among professional drivers. Twenty-two studies were marked A level regarding quality, 13 were B level, and one was C level. Exposure to nitrogen dioxide (meta-odds ratio [OR]: 1.06, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.99–1.13), nitrogen oxide (meta-OR: 1.04, 95% CI: 1.01–1.07), sulfur dioxide (meta-OR: 1.03, 95% CI: 1.02–1.05), and fine particulate matter (meta-OR: 1.11, 95% CI: 1.00–1.22) were positively associated with a risk of lung cancer. Occupational exposure to air pollution among professional drivers significantly increased the incidence (meta-OR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.19–1.36) and mortality of lung cancer (meta-OR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.04–1.26). Conclusion Exposure to traffic-related air pollution significantly increased the risk of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gongbo Chen
- National Office of Cancer Prevention and Control, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing, China
| | - Xia Wan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Beijing, China
| | - Gonghuan Yang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Beijing, China
| | - Xiaonong Zou
- National Office of Cancer Prevention and Control, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing, China
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Bigert C, Gustavsson P, Straif K, Pesch B, Brüning T, Kendzia B, Schüz J, Stücker I, Guida F, Brüske I, Wichmann HE, Pesatori AC, Landi MT, Caporaso N, Tse LA, Yu ITS, Siemiatycki J, Pintos J, Merletti F, Mirabelli D, Simonato L, Jöckel KH, Ahrens W, Pohlabeln H, Tardón A, Zaridze D, Field J, 't Mannetje A, Pearce N, McLaughlin J, Demers P, Szeszenia-Dabrowska N, Lissowska J, Rudnai P, Fabianova E, Dumitru RS, Bencko V, Foretova L, Janout V, Boffetta P, Forastiere F, Bueno-de-Mesquita B, Peters S, Vermeulen R, Kromhout H, Olsson AC. Lung cancer risk among cooks when accounting for tobacco smoking: a pooled analysis of case-control studies from Europe, Canada, New Zealand, and China. J Occup Environ Med 2015; 57:202-9. [PMID: 25654522 PMCID: PMC7508228 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000000337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the risk of lung cancer among cooks, while controlling for smoking habits. METHODS We used data from the SYNERGY project including pooled information on lifetime work histories and smoking habits from 16 case-control studies conducted in Europe, Canada, New Zealand, and China. RESULTS Before adjustment for smoking, we observed an increased risk of lung cancer in male cooks, but not in female cooks. After adjusting, there was no increased risk and no significant exposure-response relationship. Nevertheless, subgroup analyses highlighted some possible excess risks of squamous cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma in female cooks. CONCLUSIONS There is evidence that lung cancer risks among cooks may be confounded by smoking. After adjustment, cooks did not experience an increased risk of lung cancer overall. The subgroup analyses showing some excess risks among female cooks require cautious interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Bigert
- From the Institute of Environmental Medicine (Drs Bigert and Gustavsson), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; International Agency for Research on Cancer (Drs Straif, Schüz, and Olsson), Lyon, France; Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance-Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA) (Drs Pesch and Brüning, Mr Kendzia), Germany; Inserm, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP) (Drs Stücker and Guida), U1018, Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer Team, F-94807, Villejuif, France; Université Paris-Sud (Drs Stücker and Guida), UMRS 1018, F-94807, Villejuif, France; Institut für Epidemiologie I (Drs Brüske and Wichmann), Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt, Neuherberg, Germany; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health (Dr Pesatori), Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; National Cancer Institute (Drs Landi and Caporaso), Bethesda, MD; Division of Occupational and Environmental Health (Drs Tse and Yu), School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China; Research Centre of University of Montréal Hospital Centre (Drs Siemiatycki and Pintos), University of Montréal, Canada; Cancer Epidemiology Unit (Drs Merletti and Mirabelli), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Italy; Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health (Dr Simonato), University of Padua, Italy; Institute for Medical Informatics (Dr Jöckel), Biometry and Epidemiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine (Drs Ahrens and Pohlabeln), Bremen, Germany; CIBERESP (Dr Tardón), University of Oviedo, Spain; Russian Cancer Research Centre (Dr Zaridze), Moscow, Russia; Roy Castle Lung Cancer Research Programme, Cancer Research Centre (Dr Field), University of Liverpool, UK; Centre for Public Health Research (Drs Mannetje and Pearce), Massey University, Wellingt
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Yang L, Lu X, Deng J, Zhou Y, Huang D, Qiu F, Yang X, Yang R, Fang W, Ran P, Zhong N, Zhou Y, Fang S, Lu J. Risk factors shared by COPD and lung cancer and mediation effect of COPD: two center case–control studies. Cancer Causes Control 2014; 26:11-24. [DOI: 10.1007/s10552-014-0475-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Toch-Marquardt M, Menvielle G, Eikemo TA, Kulhánová I, Kulik MC, Bopp M, Esnaola S, Jasilionis D, Mäki N, Martikainen P, Regidor E, Lundberg O, Mackenbach JP. Occupational class inequalities in all-cause and cause-specific mortality among middle-aged men in 14 European populations during the early 2000s. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108072. [PMID: 25268702 PMCID: PMC4182439 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This study analyses occupational class inequalities in all-cause mortality and four specific causes of death among men, in Europe in the early 2000s, and is the most extensive comparative analysis of occupational class inequalities in mortality in Europe so far. Longitudinal data, obtained from population censuses and mortality registries in 14 European populations, from around the period 2000–2005, were used. Analyses concerned men aged 30–59 years and included all-cause mortality and mortality from all cancers, all cardiovascular diseases (CVD), all external, and all other causes. Occupational class was analysed according to five categories: upper and lower non-manual workers, skilled and unskilled manual workers, and farmers and self-employed combined. Inequalities were quantified with mortality rate ratios, rate differences, and population attributable fractions (PAF). Relative and absolute inequalities in all-cause mortality were more pronounced in Finland, Denmark, France, and Lithuania than in other populations, and the same countries (except France) also had the highest PAF values for all-cause mortality. The main contributing causes to these larger inequalities differed strongly between countries (e.g., cancer in France, all other causes in Denmark). Relative and absolute inequalities in CVD mortality were markedly lower in Southern European populations. We conclude that relative and absolute occupational class differences in all-cause and cause specific mortality have persisted into the early 2000's, although the magnitude differs strongly between populations. Comparisons with previous studies suggest that the relative gap in mortality between occupational classes has further widened in some Northern and Western European populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlen Toch-Marquardt
- Department of Sociology and Political Science, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Gwenn Menvielle
- INSERM, UMR_S 1136, Pierre Louis Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1136, Pierre Louis Institute of Epidemiology and Public Health, Paris, France
| | - Terje A. Eikemo
- Department of Sociology and Political Science, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ivana Kulhánová
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Matthias Bopp
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Santiago Esnaola
- Health Studies and Research Unit, Department of Health and Consumer Affairs, Basque Government, Donostia-San Sebastián 1, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | | | - Netta Mäki
- Population Research Unit, Department of Sociology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pekka Martikainen
- Population Research Unit, Department of Sociology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Enrique Regidor
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Olle Lundberg
- CHESS, Stockholm University/Karolinksa Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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de Leon Martini S, Müller CB, Meurer RT, Fernandes MDC, Mariano R, Barbachan E Silva M, Klamt F, Andrade CF. The potential role of extracellular regulatory kinase in the survival of patients with early stage adenocarcinoma. J Thorac Dis 2014; 6:930-6. [PMID: 25093089 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2014.07.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is among the most common types of neoplasias, and adenocarcinoma is the most frequent histological type. There is currently an extensive search for prognostic biomarkers of nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS We analyzed the correlation of clinical data and patient survival with the levels of activated extracellular regulatory kinase (ERK) in histological samples of surgically resected early stage lung adenocarcinoma. We randomly selected 36 patients with stage I or II lung adenocarcinoma who underwent pulmonary lobectomy between 1998 and 2004. Patients were divided into the following two groups according to immunohistochemical profile: a group with <15% ERK-positive tumor cells and a group with ≥15% ERK-positive tumor cells. For data comparison, an enrichment analysis of a microarray database was performed (GSE29016, n=72). RESULTS Activated ERK levels were ≥15% and <15% in 21 (58%) and 15 (42%) patients, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in age, sex, smoking history, and body mass index (BMI) among the groups stratified by ERK levels. The survival rate was lower in the ERK ≥15% group than in the ERK <15% group (P=0.045). Enrichment analyses showed no correlation between variations in gene expression of ERK in patients with adenocarcinoma and survival rates in patients with stage I and combined stage II + III disease. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that high ERK positivity in cells from biological samples of lung adenocarcinoma is related with tumor aggressiveness and a poorer prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone de Leon Martini
- 1 Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Pneumológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), 90035-903 Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 2 Laboratório de Pulmão e Vias Aéreas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), 90035-903, Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 3 Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Departamento de Bioquímica, ICBS/UFRGS, 90035-003 Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 4 Laboratório de Pesquisa em Patologia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), 90050-170 Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 5 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia-Translational em Medicina (INCT-TM), 90035-903 Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 6 Departamento de Cirurgia Torácica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), 90035-903, Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 7 Hospital da Criança Santo Antônio, Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, 90020-090 Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil
| | - Carolina Beatriz Müller
- 1 Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Pneumológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), 90035-903 Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 2 Laboratório de Pulmão e Vias Aéreas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), 90035-903, Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 3 Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Departamento de Bioquímica, ICBS/UFRGS, 90035-003 Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 4 Laboratório de Pesquisa em Patologia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), 90050-170 Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 5 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia-Translational em Medicina (INCT-TM), 90035-903 Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 6 Departamento de Cirurgia Torácica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), 90035-903, Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 7 Hospital da Criança Santo Antônio, Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, 90020-090 Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil
| | - Rosalva Thereza Meurer
- 1 Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Pneumológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), 90035-903 Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 2 Laboratório de Pulmão e Vias Aéreas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), 90035-903, Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 3 Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Departamento de Bioquímica, ICBS/UFRGS, 90035-003 Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 4 Laboratório de Pesquisa em Patologia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), 90050-170 Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 5 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia-Translational em Medicina (INCT-TM), 90035-903 Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 6 Departamento de Cirurgia Torácica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), 90035-903, Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 7 Hospital da Criança Santo Antônio, Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, 90020-090 Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil
| | - Marilda da Cruz Fernandes
- 1 Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Pneumológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), 90035-903 Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 2 Laboratório de Pulmão e Vias Aéreas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), 90035-903, Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 3 Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Departamento de Bioquímica, ICBS/UFRGS, 90035-003 Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 4 Laboratório de Pesquisa em Patologia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), 90050-170 Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 5 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia-Translational em Medicina (INCT-TM), 90035-903 Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 6 Departamento de Cirurgia Torácica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), 90035-903, Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 7 Hospital da Criança Santo Antônio, Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, 90020-090 Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Mariano
- 1 Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Pneumológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), 90035-903 Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 2 Laboratório de Pulmão e Vias Aéreas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), 90035-903, Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 3 Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Departamento de Bioquímica, ICBS/UFRGS, 90035-003 Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 4 Laboratório de Pesquisa em Patologia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), 90050-170 Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 5 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia-Translational em Medicina (INCT-TM), 90035-903 Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 6 Departamento de Cirurgia Torácica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), 90035-903, Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 7 Hospital da Criança Santo Antônio, Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, 90020-090 Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil
| | - Mariel Barbachan E Silva
- 1 Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Pneumológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), 90035-903 Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 2 Laboratório de Pulmão e Vias Aéreas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), 90035-903, Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 3 Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Departamento de Bioquímica, ICBS/UFRGS, 90035-003 Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 4 Laboratório de Pesquisa em Patologia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), 90050-170 Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 5 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia-Translational em Medicina (INCT-TM), 90035-903 Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 6 Departamento de Cirurgia Torácica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), 90035-903, Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 7 Hospital da Criança Santo Antônio, Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, 90020-090 Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil
| | - Fábio Klamt
- 1 Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Pneumológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), 90035-903 Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 2 Laboratório de Pulmão e Vias Aéreas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), 90035-903, Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 3 Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Departamento de Bioquímica, ICBS/UFRGS, 90035-003 Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 4 Laboratório de Pesquisa em Patologia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), 90050-170 Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 5 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia-Translational em Medicina (INCT-TM), 90035-903 Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 6 Departamento de Cirurgia Torácica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), 90035-903, Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 7 Hospital da Criança Santo Antônio, Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, 90020-090 Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil
| | - Cristiano Feijó Andrade
- 1 Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Pneumológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), 90035-903 Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 2 Laboratório de Pulmão e Vias Aéreas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), 90035-903, Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 3 Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Departamento de Bioquímica, ICBS/UFRGS, 90035-003 Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 4 Laboratório de Pesquisa em Patologia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), 90050-170 Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 5 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia-Translational em Medicina (INCT-TM), 90035-903 Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 6 Departamento de Cirurgia Torácica, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), 90035-903, Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil ; 7 Hospital da Criança Santo Antônio, Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, 90020-090 Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil
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Pollution in the working place and social status: co-factors in lung cancer carcinogenesis. Lung Cancer 2014; 85:346-50. [PMID: 24999084 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2014.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2014] [Revised: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Apart from the association with tobacco consumption, other factors of importance for prevention and early diagnosis of lung cancer have received little attention. We present a case-control study focusing on professional exposure to carcinogens and social status. METHODS A written questionnaire was completed by 551 consecutive patients with lung cancer and 494 patients with large bowel cancer. The groups were balanced regarding gender and age distribution. The questionnaire included data on place of birth, education, smoking history, diet and alcohol intake, body weight and height, occupation, housing conditions and family income. According to standard epidemiological criteria, professional exposure to carcinogens was classified as professions with exposure to confirmed lung cancer carcinogens, professions with exposure to suspected lung cancer carcinogens and other professions. RESULTS As expected, there were significant differences between the two groups regarding smoking status. While there were no significant differences in educational levels, more immigrants were among patients with lung cancer (17.9% vs 11.6%, p=0.005). On average, lung cancer patients had a lower body mass index (BMI) at 24.77, as compared to 26.14 for large bowel cancer (p=0.000). Lung cancer patients had lower income and poorer housing conditions; the bivariate difference was significant both for income levels (p=0.046) and type of residence (p=0.009). The proportion of patients working in professions with exposures to known carcinogens was 33.5% for lung cancer, and 17.1% for large bowel cancer (p=0.000). In the multivariate analysis, smoking (p=0.000), BMI (p=0.000) and type of occupation (p=0.001) were significant factors. CONCLUSIONS While there is no doubt about smoking in lung cancer carcinogenesis, professional exposure to carcinogens and belonging to lower socio-economic strata also play an important role.
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Papadopoulos A, Guida F, Leffondré K, Cénée S, Cyr D, Schmaus A, Radoï L, Paget-Bailly S, Carton M, Menvielle G, Woronoff AS, Tretarre B, Luce D, Stücker I. Heavy smoking and lung cancer: are women at higher risk? Result of the ICARE study. Br J Cancer 2014; 110:1385-91. [PMID: 24423926 PMCID: PMC3950853 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2013.821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Revised: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Whether women are more or equally susceptible to the carcinogenic effects of cigarette smoke on the lungs compared with men is a matter of controversy. Using a large French population-based case–control study, we compared the lung cancer risk associated with cigarette smoking by gender. Methods: The study included 2276 male and 650 female cases and 2780 male and 775 female controls. Lifetime smoking exposure was represented by the comprehensive smoking index (CSI), which combines the duration, intensity and time since cessation of smoking habits. The analysis was conducted among the ever smokers. All of the models were adjusted for age, department (a regional administrative unit), education and occupational exposures. Results: Overall, we found that the lung cancer risk was similar among men and women. However, we found that women had a two-fold greater risk associated with a one-unit increase in CSI than men of developing either small cell carcinoma (OR=15.9, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 7.6, 33.3 and 6.6, 95% CI 5.1, 8.5, respectively; P<0.05) or squamous cell carcinoma (OR=13.1, 95% CI 6.3, 27.3 and 6.1, 95% CI 5.0, 7.3, respectively; P<0.05). The association was similar between men and women for adenocarcinoma. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that heavy smoking might confer to women a higher risk of lung cancer as compared with men.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Papadopoulos
- 1] Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, CESP Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Inserm, 94807 Villejuif, France [2] Université Paris Sud 11, UMRS 1018, 94807 Villejuif, France
| | - F Guida
- 1] Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, CESP Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Inserm, 94807 Villejuif, France [2] Université Paris Sud 11, UMRS 1018, 94807 Villejuif, France
| | - K Leffondré
- Université Bordeaux Segalen, Inserm U897, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - S Cénée
- 1] Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, CESP Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Inserm, 94807 Villejuif, France [2] Université Paris Sud 11, UMRS 1018, 94807 Villejuif, France
| | - D Cyr
- Université de Versailles St-Quentin, UMRS 1018, 94807 Villejuif, France
| | - A Schmaus
- 1] Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, CESP Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Inserm, 94807 Villejuif, France [2] Université de Versailles St-Quentin, UMRS 1018, 94807 Villejuif, France
| | - L Radoï
- 1] Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, CESP Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Inserm, 94807 Villejuif, France [2] Université de Versailles St-Quentin, UMRS 1018, 94807 Villejuif, France
| | - S Paget-Bailly
- 1] Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, CESP Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Inserm, 94807 Villejuif, France [2] Université de Versailles St-Quentin, UMRS 1018, 94807 Villejuif, France
| | - M Carton
- Université de Versailles St-Quentin, UMRS 1018, 94807 Villejuif, France
| | - G Menvielle
- 1] Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, CESP Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Inserm, 94807 Villejuif, France [2] Université de Versailles St-Quentin, UMRS 1018, 94807 Villejuif, France
| | - A-S Woronoff
- Registre des tumeurs du Doubs et du Territoire de Belfort, CHU Saint Jacques, Besançon, France
| | - B Tretarre
- Registre des cancers de l'Hérault, Montpellier, France
| | - D Luce
- 1] Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, CESP Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Inserm, 94807 Villejuif, France [2] Université de Versailles St-Quentin, UMRS 1018, 94807 Villejuif, France
| | - I Stücker
- 1] Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer, CESP Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Inserm, 94807 Villejuif, France [2] Université Paris Sud 11, UMRS 1018, 94807 Villejuif, France
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Kovalchik SA, De Matteis S, Landi MT, Caporaso NE, Varadhan R, Consonni D, Bergen AW, Katki HA, Wacholder S. A regression model for risk difference estimation in population-based case-control studies clarifies gender differences in lung cancer risk of smokers and never smokers. BMC Med Res Methodol 2013; 13:143. [PMID: 24252624 PMCID: PMC3840559 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2288-13-143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Accepted: 11/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Additive risk models are necessary for understanding the joint effects of exposures on individual and population disease risk. Yet technical challenges have limited the consideration of additive risk models in case-control studies. METHODS Using a flexible risk regression model that allows additive and multiplicative components to estimate absolute risks and risk differences, we report a new analysis of data from the population-based case-control Environment And Genetics in Lung cancer Etiology study, conducted in Northern Italy between 2002-2005. The analysis provides estimates of the gender-specific absolute risk (cumulative risk) for non-smoking- and smoking-associated lung cancer, adjusted for demographic, occupational, and smoking history variables. RESULTS In the multiple-variable lexpit regression, the adjusted 3-year absolute risk of lung cancer in never smokers was 4.6 per 100,000 persons higher in women than men. However, the absolute increase in 3-year risk of lung cancer for every 10 additional pack-years smoked was less for women than men, 13.6 versus 52.9 per 100,000 persons. CONCLUSIONS In a Northern Italian population, the absolute risk of lung cancer among never smokers is higher in women than men but among smokers is lower in women than men. Lexpit regression is a novel approach to additive-multiplicative risk modeling that can contribute to clearer interpretation of population-based case-control studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie A Kovalchik
- Economics, Sociology, and Statistics Department, RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Sara De Matteis
- Unit of Epidemiology, Department of Preventive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Landi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Neil E Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ravi Varadhan
- Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dario Consonni
- Unit of Epidemiology, Department of Preventive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrew W Bergen
- Molecular Genetics Program, Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Hormuzd A Katki
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sholom Wacholder
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Kendzia B, Behrens T, Jöckel KH, Siemiatycki J, Kromhout H, Vermeulen R, Peters S, Van Gelder R, Olsson A, Brüske I, Wichmann HE, Stücker I, Guida F, Tardón A, Merletti F, Mirabelli D, Richiardi L, Pohlabeln H, Ahrens W, Landi MT, Caporaso N, Consonni D, Zaridze D, Szeszenia-Dabrowska N, Lissowska J, Gustavsson P, Marcus M, Fabianova E, 't Mannetje A, Pearce N, Tse LA, Yu ITS, Rudnai P, Bencko V, Janout V, Mates D, Foretova L, Forastiere F, McLaughlin J, Demers P, Bueno-de-Mesquita B, Boffetta P, Schüz J, Straif K, Pesch B, Brüning T. Welding and lung cancer in a pooled analysis of case-control studies. Am J Epidemiol 2013; 178:1513-25. [PMID: 24052544 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwt201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Several epidemiologic studies have indicated an increased risk of lung cancer among welders. We used the SYNERGY project database to assess welding as a risk factor for developing lung cancer. The database includes data on 15,483 male lung cancer cases and 18,388 male controls from 16 studies in Europe, Canada, China, and New Zealand conducted between 1985 and 2010. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals between regular or occasional welding and lung cancer were estimated, with adjustment for smoking, age, study center, and employment in other occupations associated with lung cancer risk. Overall, 568 cases and 427 controls had ever worked as welders and had an odds ratio of developing lung cancer of 1.44 (95% confidence interval: 1.25, 1.67) with the odds ratio increasing for longer duration of welding. In never and light smokers, the odds ratio was 1.96 (95% confidence interval: 1.37, 2.79). The odds ratios were somewhat higher for squamous and small cell lung cancers than for adenocarcinoma. Another 1,994 cases and 1,930 controls had ever worked in occupations with occasional welding. Work in any of these occupations was associated with some elevation of risk, though not as much as observed in regular welders. Our findings lend further support to the hypothesis that welding is associated with an increased risk of lung cancer.
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Olsson AC, Xu Y, Schüz J, Vlaanderen J, Kromhout H, Vermeulen R, Peters S, Stücker I, Guida F, Brüske I, Wichmann HE, Consonni D, Landi MT, Caporaso N, Tse LA, Yu ITS, Siemiatycki J, Richardson L, Mirabelli D, Richiardi L, Simonato L, Gustavsson P, Plato N, Jöckel KH, Ahrens W, Pohlabeln H, Tardón A, Zaridze D, Marcus MW, 't Mannetje A, Pearce N, McLaughlin J, Demers P, Szeszenia-Dabrowska N, Lissowska J, Rudnai P, Fabianova E, Dumitru RS, Bencko V, Foretova L, Janout V, Boffetta P, Fortes C, Bueno-de-Mesquita B, Kendzia B, Behrens T, Pesch B, Brüning T, Straif K. Lung cancer risk among hairdressers: a pooled analysis of case-control studies conducted between 1985 and 2010. Am J Epidemiol 2013; 178:1355-65. [PMID: 24068200 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwt119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased lung cancer risks among hairdressers were observed in large registry-based cohort studies from Scandinavia, but these studies could not adjust for smoking. Our objective was to evaluate the lung cancer risk among hairdressers while adjusting for smoking and other confounders in a pooled database of 16 case-control studies conducted in Europe, Canada, China, and New Zealand between 1985 and 2010 (the Pooled Analysis of Case-Control Studies on the Joint Effects of Occupational Carcinogens in the Development of Lung Cancer). Lifetime occupational and smoking information was collected through interviews with 19,369 cases of lung cancer and 23,674 matched population or hospital controls. Overall, 170 cases and 167 controls had ever worked as hairdresser or barber. The odds ratios for lung cancer in women were 1.65 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.16, 2.35) without adjustment for smoking and 1.12 (95% CI: 0.75, 1.68) with adjustment for smoking; however, women employed before 1954 also experienced an increased lung cancer risk after adjustment for smoking (odds ratio = 2.66, 95% CI: 1.09, 6.47). The odds ratios in male hairdressers/barbers were generally not elevated, except for an increased odds ratio for adenocarcinoma in long-term barbers (odds ratio = 2.20, 95% CI: 1.02, 4.77). Our results suggest that the increased lung cancer risks among hairdressers are due to their smoking behavior; single elevated risk estimates should be interpreted with caution and need replication in other studies.
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Hastie DI, Liverani S, Azizi L, Richardson S, Stücker I. A semi-parametric approach to estimate risk functions associated with multi-dimensional exposure profiles: application to smoking and lung cancer. BMC Med Res Methodol 2013; 13:129. [PMID: 24152389 PMCID: PMC3827926 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2288-13-129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A common characteristic of environmental epidemiology is the multi-dimensional aspect of exposure patterns, frequently reduced to a cumulative exposure for simplicity of analysis. By adopting a flexible Bayesian clustering approach, we explore the risk function linking exposure history to disease. This approach is applied here to study the relationship between different smoking characteristics and lung cancer in the framework of a population based case control study. METHODS Our study includes 4658 males (1995 cases, 2663 controls) with full smoking history (intensity, duration, time since cessation, pack-years) from the ICARE multi-centre study conducted from 2001-2007. We extend Bayesian clustering techniques to explore predictive risk surfaces for covariate profiles of interest. RESULTS We were able to partition the population into 12 clusters with different smoking profiles and lung cancer risk. Our results confirm that when compared to intensity, duration is the predominant driver of risk. On the other hand, using pack-years of cigarette smoking as a single summary leads to a considerable loss of information. CONCLUSIONS Our method estimates a disease risk associated to a specific exposure profile by robustly accounting for the different dimensions of exposure and will be helpful in general to give further insight into the effect of exposures that are accumulated through different time patterns.
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Baser S, Duzce O, Evyapan F, Akdag B, Ozkurt S, Kiter G. Occupational exposure and thoracic malignancies, is there a relationship? J Occup Health 2013; 55:301-6. [PMID: 23796595 DOI: 10.1539/joh.13-0097-fs] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of occupational exposure in the occurrence of lung cancer. METHOD Three-hundred lung cancer cases diagnosed between September 1, 1999, and September 31, 2007, and 300 healthy controls were enrolled in this case-control study. Life-long occupational history, gender, age, exposure to asbestos, comorbidities, and smoking status were collected. RESULTS The mean age of the 300 lung cancer cases was 60.3 ± 9.9 year (91.7% male and 8.3% female), and the mean age of healthy control group was 60.4 ± 10.5 year (95.0% male and 5.0% female). The most frequent histological types were squamous (172, 57.3%), adeno (69, 23.1%), and small cell (37, 12.3%). There was an increased risk of lung cancer occurrence among agriculture workers (OR=1.89, 95% Cl=1.17-2.98) (p=0.009). Inorganic dust exposure (OR=1.81, 95% Cl=1.0-3.25) (p=0.049) and organic dust exposure (OR=1.89, 95% Cl=1.0-3.59) (p=0.05) were found to be related with high frequency of having lung cancer. CONCLUSION Workers who had occupational exposure to organic and inorganic dust, especially in the agricultural field, had higher risk of lung cancer occurrence when compared with office workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevin Baser
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Pamukkale University Medical Faculty
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Pesatori AC, Carugno M, Consonni D, Caporaso NE, Wacholder S, Tucker M, Landi MT. Reproductive and hormonal factors and the risk of lung cancer: the EAGLE study. Int J Cancer 2013; 132:2630-9. [PMID: 23129166 PMCID: PMC3609937 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.27926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2012] [Accepted: 10/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Evidence about the role for reproductive and hormonal factors in the etiology of lung cancer in women is conflicting. To clarify this question, we examined 407 female cases and 499 female controls from the Environment And Genetics in Lung cancer Etiology population-based case-control study. Subjects were interviewed in person using a computer-assisted personal interview to assess demographics, education, smoking history, medical history, occupational history, reproductive and hormonal factors. Associations of interest were investigated using logistic regression models, adjusted for catchment area and age (matching variables), cigarette smoking (status, pack-years and time since quitting). Additional confounding variables were investigated but did not substantially affect the results. We observed a reduced risk of lung cancer among women with later age at first live birth [≥31 years: odds ratio (OR) = 0.57, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.31-1.06, p-trend = 0.05], later age at menopause (≥51 years: OR = 0.49, 95%CI = 0.31-0.79, p-trend = 0.003) and longer reproductive periods (≥41 years: OR = 0.44, 95%CI = 0.25-0.79, p-trend = 0.01). A reduced risk was also observed for hormone replacement therapy (OR = 0.63, 95%CI = 0.42-0.95, p = 0.03) and oral contraceptive use (OR = 0.67, 95%CI = 0.45-1.00, p = 0.05) but no trend with duration of use was detected. Menopausal status (both natural and induced) was associated with an augmented risk. No additional associations were identified for other reproductive variables. This study suggests that women who continue to produce estrogens have a lower lung cancer risk. Large studies with great number of never smoking women, biomarkers of estrogen and molecular classification of lung cancer are needed for a more comprehensive view of the association between reproductive factors and lung cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Cecilia Pesatori
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, EPOCA, Epidemiology Research Center, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
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De Matteis S, Consonni D, Lubin JH, Tucker M, Peters S, Vermeulen RCH, Kromhout H, Bertazzi PA, Caporaso NE, Pesatori AC, Wacholder S, Landi MT. Authors' response to: qualitative job-exposure matrix--a tool for the quantification of population-attributable fractions for occupational lung carcinogens? Int J Epidemiol 2012; 42:357-8. [PMID: 23266616 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dys193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Souto-García A, Fernández-Somoano A, Pascual T, Álvarez-Avellón SM, Tardón A. Association of p21 Ser31Arg and p53 Arg72Pro polymorphisms with lung cancer risk in CAPUA study. LUNG CANCER-TARGETS AND THERAPY 2012; 3:69-78. [PMID: 28210126 DOI: 10.2147/lctt.s35287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate how Ser31Arg polymorphisms in p21 may modify lung cancer susceptibility. Because p21 is the major downstream mediator of p53, we analyzed the combined effect of two polymorphisms, p21 Ser31Arg and TP53 Arg72Pro, to elucidate whether polymorphic variants determine the risk of lung cancer. METHODS This was designed as a hospital-based case-control study, and included 675 cases and 675 control subjects matched by ethnicity, gender, and age. Genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism, and multivariate unconditional logistic regression was performed to analyze the results. RESULTS Subjects who carried the p21 Ser31Arg allele had a higher risk of lung cancer (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.38; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.99-2.03). This risk was increased in men aged younger than 55 years (adjusted OR 2.35; 95% CI 1.00-5.51). Smokers had an increased risk of lung cancer (adjusted OR 2.23; 95% CI 1.24-4.02). Men younger than 55 years carrying risk alleles for both genes (p21 Ser31Arg and TP53 Arg72Pro) had an increased risk (adjusted OR 5.78; 95% CI 1.38-24.19), as did smokers with both risk alleles (adjusted OR 4.52; 95% CI 1.52-13.50). CONCLUSION The presence of both variant alleles increased the risk of developing lung cancer in men, particularly in smokers younger than 55 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Souto-García
- Molecular Epidemiolgy of Cancer Unit, University Institute of Oncology, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain; Consortium for Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Ana Fernández-Somoano
- Molecular Epidemiolgy of Cancer Unit, University Institute of Oncology, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain; Consortium for Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Teresa Pascual
- Pneumology Department, Cabueñes Hospital, Gijón, Asturias, Spain
| | - Sara M Álvarez-Avellón
- Molecular Epidemiolgy of Cancer Unit, University Institute of Oncology, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain; Consortium for Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Adonina Tardón
- Molecular Epidemiolgy of Cancer Unit, University Institute of Oncology, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain; Consortium for Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain
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López-Cima MF, Álvarez-Avellón SM, Pascual T, Fernández-Somoano A, Tardón A. Genetic polymorphisms in CYP1A1, GSTM1, GSTP1 and GSTT1 metabolic genes and risk of lung cancer in Asturias. BMC Cancer 2012; 12:433. [PMID: 23013535 PMCID: PMC3518149 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-12-433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2012] [Accepted: 09/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic genes have been associated with the function of metabolizing and detoxifying environmental carcinogens. Polymorphisms present in these genes could lead to changes in their metabolizing and detoxifying ability and thus may contribute to individual susceptibility to different types of cancer. We investigated if the individual and/or combined modifying effects of the CYP1A1 MspI T6235C, GSTM1 present/null, GSTT1 present/null and GSTP1 Ile105Val polymorphisms are related to the risk of developing lung cancer in relation to tobacco consumption and occupation in Asturias, Northern Spain. METHODS A hospital-based case-control study (CAPUA Study) was designed including 789 lung cancer patients and 789 control subjects matched in ethnicity, age, sex, and hospital. Genotypes were determined by PCR or PCR-RFLP. Individual and combination effects were analysed using an unconditional logistic regression adjusting for age, pack-years, family history of any cancer and occupation. RESULTS No statistically significant main effects were observed for the carcinogen metabolism genes in relation to lung cancer risk. In addition, the analysis did not reveal any significant gene-gene, gene-tobacco smoking or gene-occupational exposure interactions relative to lung cancer susceptibility. Lastly, no significant gene-gene combination effects were observed. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that genetic polymorphisms in the CYP1A1, GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1 metabolic genes were not significantly associated with lung cancer risk in the current study. The results of the analysis of gene-gene interactions of CYP1A1 MspI T6235C, GSTM1 present/null, GSTT1 present/null and GSTP1 Ile105Val polymorphisms in lung cancer risk indicate that these genes do not interact in lung cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Felicitas López-Cima
- Molecular Epidemiology of Cancer Unit, University Institute of Oncology, University of Oviedo, C/Fernando Bongera, s/n, Oviedo, 33006, Spain
- CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Institute of Health Carlos III, C/Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3-5. Pabellón 9, planta baja, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara M Álvarez-Avellón
- Molecular Epidemiology of Cancer Unit, University Institute of Oncology, University of Oviedo, C/Fernando Bongera, s/n, Oviedo, 33006, Spain
- CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Institute of Health Carlos III, C/Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3-5. Pabellón 9, planta baja, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Pascual
- Pneumology Department, Cabueñes Hospital, Cabueñes, s/n, Gijón, 33394, Spain
| | - Ana Fernández-Somoano
- Molecular Epidemiology of Cancer Unit, University Institute of Oncology, University of Oviedo, C/Fernando Bongera, s/n, Oviedo, 33006, Spain
- CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Institute of Health Carlos III, C/Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3-5. Pabellón 9, planta baja, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Adonina Tardón
- Molecular Epidemiology of Cancer Unit, University Institute of Oncology, University of Oviedo, C/Fernando Bongera, s/n, Oviedo, 33006, Spain
- CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Institute of Health Carlos III, C/Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3-5. Pabellón 9, planta baja, 28029, Madrid, Spain
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Pavanello S, Fedeli U, Mastrangelo G, Rota F, Overvad K, Raaschou-Nielsen O, Tjønneland A, Vogel U. Role of CYP1A2 polymorphisms on lung cancer risk in a prospective study. Cancer Genet 2012; 205:278-84. [PMID: 22749033 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2012.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2011] [Revised: 01/31/2012] [Accepted: 02/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome P4501A2 (CYP1A2) is a key enzyme for lung carcinogen activation and lung inflammation. We studied the interactions of the CYP1A2 functional variants -3860G/A(rs2069514),-2467T/delT(rs3569413),-163C/A(rs762551)] with occupational/environmental carcinogenic exposures in the development of lung cancer in a case-control study nested in the Danish prospective cohort "Diet, Cancer and Health." At enrollment (1993-1997), blood samples for genotype analyses and information on lifestyle were collected 5 (mean value) years before the onset of the disease. The study population included 425 lung cancer cases and 786 subcohort members, who were gender- and age-matched. We found that -163A carriers were at increased risk of lung cancer (P=0.035) in a multivariate COX regression model, which was adjusted for personal habits (i.e., cumulative smoking, passive smoke at home, alcohol intake, and fruit intake) and occupational exposure. Additionally, the interaction between -2467delT and smoking increases lung cancer risk in males, especially light smokers (<21.5 pack-years, P=0.004). The increased lung cancer risk found in -163C carriers, independent of smoking status, and in -2467delT male smokers, suggests that these variants could influence lung cancer development through different mechanisms (i.e. lung carcinogen activation and lung inflammation).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Pavanello
- Occupational Health Section, Department of Cardiological, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, Università di Padova, Italy.
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Tarnaud C, Guida F, Papadopoulos A, Cénée S, Cyr D, Schmaus A, Radoï L, Paget-Bailly S, Menvielle G, Buemi A, Woronoff AS, Luce D, Stücker I. Body mass index and lung cancer risk: results from the ICARE study, a large, population-based case-control study. Cancer Causes Control 2012; 23:1113-26. [PMID: 22610667 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-012-9980-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2011] [Accepted: 04/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between body mass index (BMI) and lung cancer is still disputed because of possible residual confounding by smoking and preclinical weight loss in case-control studies. We examined this association using data from the multicenter ICARE study in France, a large, population-based case-control study. METHODS A total of 2,625 incident lung cancer cases and 3,381 controls were included. Weight was collected at interview, 2 years before the interview, and at age 30. Lifetime smoking exposure was calculated using the comprehensive smoking index (CSI). Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95 % confidence intervals were estimated by unconditional logistic regression and controlled for age, area, education, CSI, occupational exposure, previous chronic bronchitis, and parental history of lung cancer. We also examined the role of weight change. Analyses were stratified by smoking status and sex. RESULTS When compared with that of men with normal BMI 2 years before the interview, lung cancer aORs (95 % CI) among men with BMIs of <18.5, 25-29.9, 30-32.4, and ≥32.5 kg/m(2) were 2.7 (95 % CI 1.2-6.2), 0.9 (95 % CI 0.7-1.1), 0.8 (95 % CI 0.6-1.1), and 0.8 (95 % CI 0.6-1.0), respectively (p(trend) = 0.02). Results were more pronounced among current smokers and were similar in men and women. Weight gain over time was associated with a significant decreased risk of lung cancer. CONCLUSIONS We found an inverse dose-dependent association between lung cancer risk and BMI 2 years prior to interview in current smokers. IMPACT STATEMENT: BMI might be an individual factor impacting the risk of lung cancer related to smoking's carcinogen-induced DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloé Tarnaud
- Inserm, CESP Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer Team, UMRS, Villejuif, France
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Consonni D, De Matteis S, Pesatori AC, Cattaneo A, Cavallo DM, Lubin JH, Tucker M, Bertazzi PA, Caporaso NE, Wacholder S, Landi MT. Increased lung cancer risk among bricklayers in an Italian population-based case-control study. Am J Ind Med 2012; 55:423-8. [PMID: 22298231 PMCID: PMC7141783 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.22017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bricklayers may be at increased risk of lung cancer, although a firm association has not been established. We examined this association within the EAGLE (Environment And Genetics in Lung cancer Etiology) study, a population-based case-control study conducted in Italy between 2002 and 2005. METHODS For men in selected occupations in the construction sector we calculated smoking-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). For bricklayers we estimated the population attributable fraction (PAF) and the attributable community risk (ACR). RESULTS We found increased lung cancer risk for bricklayers (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.12-2.21; 147 cases, 81 controls). The PAF was 3.5% (95% CI 0.6-6.3), corresponding to an ACR of 3.6 cases annually per 100,000 men (95% CI 0.6-6.6) [corrected] in the whole community. Among bricklayers, there were increased risks for squamous cell (OR 2.03, 95% CI 1.32-3.13, 56 exposed cases) and small cell carcinomas (OR 2.29, 95% CI 1.29-4.07, 21 exposed cases), while no excess (OR 1.06, 95% CI 0.68-1.65, 41 exposed cases) was found for adenocarcinoma. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide additional evidence of increased lung cancer risk in Italian bricklayers. The association is plausible because they are exposed to several carcinogens, notably crystalline silica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Consonni
- Unit of Epidemiology, Department of Preventive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
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He T, Xue Z, Lu K, Valdivia y Alvarado M, Wong KK, Xie W, Wong ST. A minimally invasive multimodality image-guided (MIMIG) system for peripheral lung cancer intervention and diagnosis. Comput Med Imaging Graph 2012; 36:345-55. [PMID: 22483054 DOI: 10.1016/j.compmedimag.2012.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2011] [Revised: 03/07/2012] [Accepted: 03/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States, with more than half of the cancers are located peripherally. Computed tomography (CT) has been utilized in the last decade to detect early peripheral lung cancer. However, due to the high false diagnosis rate of CT, further biopsy is often necessary to confirm cancerous cases. This renders intervention for peripheral lung nodules (especially for small peripheral lung cancer) difficult and time-consuming, and it is highly desirable to develop new, on-the-spot earlier lung cancer diagnosis and treatment strategies. PURPOSE The objective of this study is to develop a minimally invasive multimodality image-guided (MIMIG) intervention system to detect lesions, confirm small peripheral lung cancer, and potentially guide on-the-spot treatment at an early stage. Accurate image guidance and real-time optical imaging of nodules are thus the key techniques to be explored in this work. METHODS The MIMIG system uses CT images and electromagnetic (EM) tracking to help interventional radiologists target the lesion efficiently. After targeting the lesion, a fiber-optic probe coupled with optical molecular imaging contrast agents is used to confirm the existence of cancerous tissues on-site at microscopic resolution. Using the software developed, pulmonary vessels, airways, and nodules can be segmented and visualized for surgical planning; the segmented results are then transformed onto the intra-procedural CT for interventional guidance using EM tracking. Endomicroscopy through a fiber-optic probe is then performed to visualize tumor tissues. Experiments using IntegriSense 680 fluorescent contrast agent labeling αvβ3 integrin were carried out for rabbit lung cancer models. Confirmed cancers could then be treated on-the-spot using radio-frequency ablation (RFA). RESULTS The prototype system is evaluated using the rabbit VX2 lung cancer model to evaluate the targeting accuracy, guidance efficiency, and performance of molecular imaging. Using this system, we achieved an average targeting accuracy of 3.04 mm, and the IntegriSense signals within the VX2 tumors were found to be at least two-fold higher than those of normal tissues. The results demonstrate great potential for applying the system in human trials in the future if an optical molecular imaging agent is approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). CONCLUSIONS The MIMIG system was developed for on-the-spot interventional diagnosis of peripheral lung tumors by combining image-guidance and molecular imaging. The system can be potentially applied to human trials on diagnosing and treating earlier stage lung cancer. For current clinical applications, where a biopsy is unavoidable, the MIMIG system without contrast agents could be used for biopsy guidance to improve the accuracy and efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiancheng He
- Department of Systems Medicine and Bioengineering, The Methodist Hospital Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, TX, United States
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De Matteis S, Consonni D, Lubin JH, Tucker M, Peters S, Vermeulen RC, Kromhout H, Bertazzi PA, Caporaso NE, Pesatori AC, Wacholder S, Landi MT. Impact of occupational carcinogens on lung cancer risk in a general population. Int J Epidemiol 2012; 41:711-21. [PMID: 22467291 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dys042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to occupational carcinogens is an important preventable cause of lung cancer. Most of the previous studies were in highly exposed industrial cohorts. Our aim was to quantify lung cancer burden attributable to occupational carcinogens in a general population. METHODS We applied a new job-exposure matrix (JEM) to translate lifetime work histories, collected by personal interview and coded into standard job titles, into never, low and high exposure levels for six known/suspected occupational lung carcinogens in the Environment and Genetics in Lung cancer Etiology (EAGLE) population-based case-control study, conducted in Lombardy region, Italy, in 2002-05. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated in men (1537 cases and 1617 controls), by logistic regression adjusted for potential confounders, including smoking and co-exposure to JEM carcinogens. The population attributable fraction (PAF) was estimated as impact measure. RESULTS Men showed an increased lung cancer risk even at low exposure to asbestos (OR: 1.76; 95% CI: 1.42-2.18), crystalline silica (OR: 1.31; 95% CI: 1.00-1.71) and nickel-chromium (OR: 1.18; 95% CI: 0.90-1.53); risk increased with exposure level. For polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, an increased risk (OR: 1.64; 95% CI: 0.99-2.70) was found only for high exposures. The PAFs for any exposure to asbestos, silica and nickel-chromium were 18.1, 5.7 and 7.0%, respectively, equivalent to an overall PAF of 22.5% (95% CI: 14.1-30.0). This corresponds to about 1016 (95% CI: 637-1355) male lung cancer cases/year in Lombardy. CONCLUSIONS These findings support the substantial role of selected occupational carcinogens on lung cancer burden, even at low exposures, in a general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara De Matteis
- Unit of Epidemiology, Department of Preventive Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico and EPOCA Research Centre, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Johnson ES, Choi KM. Lung Cancer Risk in Workers in the Meat and Poultry Industries - A Review. Zoonoses Public Health 2012; 59:303-13. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1863-2378.2012.01459.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Risk of lung cancer and occupational history: results of a French population-based case-control study, the ICARE study. J Occup Environ Med 2012; 53:1068-77. [PMID: 21866050 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0b013e318229ab2e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the risk of lung cancer associated with occupations and industries. METHODS A French population-based case-control study included 2923 cases and 3555 controls. Lifelong occupational history was collected. Two lists of occupations known (A) or suspected (B) to be associated with lung cancer were used. Occupations and industries not included in these lists were also explored. RESULTS Among men, the smoking-adjusted odds ratio was 1.97 for list A (attributable fraction: 12.3%), 1.4 for list B (due especially to carpenters/joiners and transport workers). Among unlisted occupations, excess risks were found for welders, plumbers, and several construction crafts. Odds ratios among women were elevated for list A, list B (due especially to launderers/dry cleaners), cleaners and hairdressers. CONCLUSIONS These results confirm the role of known occupations and give insight into new occupational risk factors among men and women.
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Occupational risks and lung cancer burden for Chinese men: a population-based case-referent study. Cancer Causes Control 2011; 23:121-31. [PMID: 22037909 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-011-9861-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2011] [Accepted: 10/14/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to fill in the gap of knowledge on the lung cancer burden resulting from occupational exposures among Chinese men through a population-based case-referent study. METHODS Detailed information on lifestyle and full occupational histories of 1,208 male lung cancer incident cases and 1,069 age-matched male community referents were obtained through interviews during 2004-2006. The associations between lung cancer risk and exposures to specific or group of agents that were confirmed or suspected occupational carcinogens were analyzed. RESULTS After adjustment of smoking and other potential confounding factors, significant odds ratio of lung cancer was observed for workers employed in major industrial divisions of "construction" (1.37, 95% CI: 1.00-1.89) and "financing, insurance, real estate, and business services" (0.48, 95% CI: 0.23-0.97), as well as in the occupational groups of "bricklayers, carpenters, and other construction workers" (1.49, 95% CI: 1.07-2.06). Significantly elevated odds ratios were found for occupational exposures to silica dust (1.75, 95% CI: 1.16-2.62), welding fumes (1.74, 95% CI: 1.13-2.68), diesel exhaust (2.18, 95% CI: 1.23-3.84), and man-made mineral fibers (7.45, 95% CI: 1.63-34.00), while a significantly reduced risk (OR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.47-0.95) was linked to cotton dust. The population attributable fraction of lung cancer was 3.2% (95% CI: 0.1-7.3%) for construction workers and 9.5% (95% CI: 4.8-15.1%) for the four significant specific exposures. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicates that previous exposure to occupational carcinogens remains an important determinant of lung cancer burden for Hong Kong Chinese men. However, results obtained from this study should be confirmed by future analyses based on job exposure matrix.
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Rotunno M, Hu N, Su H, Wang C, Goldstein AM, Bergen AW, Consonni D, Pesatori AC, Bertazzi PA, Wacholder S, Shih J, Caporaso NE, Taylor PR, Landi MT. A gene expression signature from peripheral whole blood for stage I lung adenocarcinoma. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2011; 4:1599-608. [PMID: 21742797 PMCID: PMC3188352 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-10-0170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Affordable early screening in subjects with high risk of lung cancer has great potential to improve survival from this deadly disease. We measured gene expression from lung tissue and peripheral whole blood (PWB) from adenocarcinoma cases and controls to identify dysregulated lung cancer genes that could be tested in blood to improve identification of at-risk patients in the future. Genome-wide mRNA expression analysis was conducted in 153 subjects (73 adenocarcinoma cases, 80 controls) from the Environment And Genetics in Lung cancer Etiology study using PWB and paired snap-frozen tumor and noninvolved lung tissue samples. Analyses were conducted using unpaired t tests, linear mixed effects, and ANOVA models. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was computed to assess the predictive accuracy of the identified biomarkers. We identified 50 dysregulated genes in stage I adenocarcinoma versus control PWB samples (false discovery rate ≤0.1, fold change ≥1.5 or ≤0.66). Among them, eight (TGFBR3, RUNX3, TRGC2, TRGV9, TARP, ACP1, VCAN, and TSTA3) differentiated paired tumor versus noninvolved lung tissue samples in stage I cases, suggesting a similar pattern of lung cancer-related changes in PWB and lung tissue. These results were confirmed in two independent gene expression analyses in a blood-based case-control study (n = 212) and a tumor-nontumor paired tissue study (n = 54). The eight genes discriminated patients with lung cancer from healthy controls with high accuracy (AUC = 0.81, 95% CI = 0.74-0.87). Our finding suggests the use of gene expression from PWB for the identification of early detection markers of lung cancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Rotunno
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Nan Hu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Hua Su
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Chaoyu Wang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Alisa M. Goldstein
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Andrew W. Bergen
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
- Center for Health Sciences, SRI International, Menlo Park, California
| | - Dario Consonni
- Unit of Epidemiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico and Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela C Pesatori
- Unit of Epidemiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico and Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Pier Alberto Bertazzi
- Unit of Epidemiology, Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico and Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Sholom Wacholder
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Joanna Shih
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Neil E. Caporaso
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Phil R. Taylor
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Maria Teresa Landi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
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