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Li W, Zhao J, Zhang Z, Ren Z, Li X, Zhang R, Ma X. Uptake and effect of carboxyl-modified polystyrene microplastics on cotton plants. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 466:133581. [PMID: 38271872 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) have emerged as a significant global environmental concern, particularly within agricultural soil systems. The extensive use of plastic film mulching in cotton cultivation has led to the alarming presence of MP pollution in cotton fields. However, the uptake and effects of MPs on the growth of cotton plants are poorly understood. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of hydroponically cultured cotton seedlings at the phenotypic, transcriptional, and metabolic levels after exposure to carboxyl-modified polystyrene microplastics (PS-COOH). Treatment with three concentrations of PS-COOH (100, 300, and 500 mg/L) resulted in notable growth inhibition of treated plants and exhibited a dose-dependent effect. And, PS-COOH can invade cotton roots and be absorbed through the intercellular spaces via apoplastic uptake, with accumulation commensurate with treatment duration. Transcriptomic analysis showed significant up-regulation of genes associated with antioxidant activity in response to 300 mg/L PS-COOH treatment, suggesting the induction of oxidative stress. In addition, the PS-COOH treatment activated the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway, leading to lignin and flavonoid accumulation, and altered sucrose catabolism. These findings illustrate the absorption and effects of MPs on cotton seedlings and offer valuable insights into the potential toxicity of MPs to plants in soil mulched with plastic film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China; Western Agricultural Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji 831100, China
| | - Junjie Zhao
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China; Western Agricultural Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji 831100, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Zhongying Ren
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Xinyang Li
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Ruoyu Zhang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Xiongfeng Ma
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China; Western Agricultural Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji 831100, China.
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Azri R, Lamine M, Bensalem-Fnayou A, Hamdi Z, Mliki A, Ruiz-Lozano JM, Aroca R. Genotype-Dependent Response of Root Microbiota and Leaf Metabolism in Olive Seedlings Subjected to Drought Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:857. [PMID: 38592857 PMCID: PMC10974243 DOI: 10.3390/plants13060857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Under stress or in optimum conditions, plants foster a specific guild of symbiotic microbes to strengthen pivotal functions including metabolic regulation. Despite that the role of the plant genotype in microbial selection is well documented, the potential of this genotype-specific microbial assembly in maintaining the host homeostasis remains insufficiently investigated. In this study, we aimed to assess the specificity of the foliar metabolic response of contrasting olive genotypes to microbial inoculation with wet-adapted consortia of plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), to see if previously inoculated plants with indigenous or exogenous microbes would display any change in their leaf metabolome once being subjected to drought stress. Two Tunisian elite varieties, Chetoui (drought-sensitive) and Chemleli (drought-tolerant), were tested under controlled and stressed conditions. Leaf samples were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-TOFMS) to identify untargeted metabolites. Root and soil samples were used to extract microbial genomic DNA destined for bacterial community profiling using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Respectively, the score plot analysis, cluster analysis, heat map, Venn diagrams, and Krona charts were applied to metabolic and microbial data. Results demonstrated dynamic changes in the leaf metabolome of the Chetoui variety in both stress and inoculation conditions. Under the optimum state, the PGPR consortia induced noteworthy alterations in metabolic patterns of the sensitive variety, aligning with the phytochemistry observed in drought-tolerant cultivars. These variations involved fatty acids, tocopherols, phenols, methoxyphenols, stilbenoids, triterpenes, and sugars. On the other hand, the Chemleli variety displaying comparable metabolic profiles appeared unaffected by stress and inoculation probably owing to its tolerance capacity. The distribution of microbial species among treatments was distinctly uneven. The tested seedlings followed variety-specific strategies in selecting beneficial soil bacteria to alleviate stress. A highly abundant species of the wet-adapted inoculum was detected only under optimum conditions for both cultivars, which makes the moisture history of the plant genotype a selective driver shaping microbial community and thereby a useful tool to predict microbial activity in large ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahma Azri
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, P.O. Box 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
- National Insitute of Applied Science and Technology, University of Carthage, Centre Urbain Nord, BP 676, Charguia Cedex 1080, Tunisia
| | - Myriam Lamine
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, P.O. Box 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - Asma Bensalem-Fnayou
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, P.O. Box 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - Zohra Hamdi
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, P.O. Box 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - Ahmed Mliki
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, P.O. Box 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - Juan Manuel Ruiz-Lozano
- Departament of Microbiology, Soil System and Symbiosis, Zaidín Experimental Station, Spanish Reaserch Council (CSIC), Prof. Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Ricardo Aroca
- Departament of Microbiology, Soil System and Symbiosis, Zaidín Experimental Station, Spanish Reaserch Council (CSIC), Prof. Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
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Wang Z, Wang W, Wu W, Wang H, Zhang S, Ye C, Guo L, Wei Z, Huang H, Liu Y, Zhu S, Zhu Y, Wang Y, He X. Integrated analysis of transcriptome, metabolome, and histochemistry reveals the response mechanisms of different ages Panax notoginseng to root-knot nematode infection. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1258316. [PMID: 37780502 PMCID: PMC10539906 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1258316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Panax notoginseng (P. notoginseng) is an invaluable perennial medicinal herb. However, the roots of P. notoginseng are frequently subjected to severe damage caused by root-knot nematode (RKN) infestation. Although we have observed that P. notoginseng possessed adult-plant resistance (APR) against RKN disease, the defense response mechanisms against RKN disease in different age groups of P. notoginseng remain unexplored. We aimed to elucidate the response mechanisms of P. notoginseng at different stages of development to RKN infection by employing transcriptome, metabolome, and histochemistry analyses. Our findings indicated that distinct age groups of P. notoginseng may activate the phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis pathways in varying ways, leading to the synthesis of phenolics, flavonoids, lignin, and anthocyanin pigments as both the response and defense mechanism against RKN attacks. Specifically, one-year-old P. notoginseng exhibited resistance to RKN through the upregulation of 5-O-p-coumaroylquinic acid and key genes involved in monolignol biosynthesis, such as PAL, CCR, CYP73A, CYP98A, POD, and CAD. Moreover, two-year-old P. notoginseng enhanced the resistance by depleting chlorogenic acid and downregulating most genes associated with monolignol biosynthesis, while concurrently increasing cyanidin and ANR in flavonoid biosynthesis. Three-year-old P. notoginseng reinforced its resistance by significantly increasing five phenolic acids related to monolignol biosynthesis, namely p-coumaric acid, chlorogenic acid, 1-O-sinapoyl-D-glucose, coniferyl alcohol, and ferulic acid. Notably, P. notoginseng can establish a lignin barrier that restricted RKN to the infection site. In summary, P. notoginseng exhibited a potential ability to impede the further propagation of RKN through the accumulation or depletion of the compounds relevant to resistance within the phenylpropanoid and flavonoid pathways, as well as the induction of lignification in tissue cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Wenpeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Academy of Science and Technology, Chuxiong Normal University, Chuxiong, Yunnan, China
| | - Wentao Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Huiling Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Chen Ye
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Liwei Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhaoxia Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Hongping Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yixiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Shusheng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Youyong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiahong He
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- School of Landscape and Horticulture, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Zhang E, Zhu X, Wang W, Sun Y, Tian X, Chen Z, Mou X, Zhang Y, Wei Y, Fang Z, Ravenscroft N, O’Connor D, Chang X, Yan M. Metabolomics reveals the response of hydroprimed maize to mitigate the impact of soil salinization. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1109460. [PMID: 37351217 PMCID: PMC10282767 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1109460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinization is a major environmental stressor hindering global crop production. Hydropriming has emerged as a promising approach to reduce salt stress and enhance crop yields on salinized land. However, a better mechanisitic understanding is required to improve salt stress tolerance. We used a biochemical and metabolomics approach to study the effect of salt stress of hydroprimed maize to identify the types and variation of differentially accumulated metabolites. Here we show that hydropriming significantly increased catalase (CAT) activity, soluble sugar and proline content, decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and peroxide (H2O2) content. Conversely, hydropriming had no significant effect on POD activity, soluble protein and MDA content under salt stress. The Metabolite analysis indicated that salt stress significantly increased the content of 1278 metabolites and decreased the content of 1044 metabolites. Ethisterone (progesterone) was the most important metabolite produced in the roots of unprimed samples in response to salt s tress. Pathway enrichment analysis indicated that flavone and flavonol biosynthesis, which relate to scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), was the most significant metabolic pathway related to salt stress. Hydropriming significantly increased the content of 873 metabolites and significantly decreased the content of 1313 metabolites. 5-Methyltetrahydrofolate, a methyl donor for methionine, was the most important metabolite produced in the roots of hydroprimed samples in response to salt stress. Plant growth regulator, such as melatonin, gibberellin A8, estrone, abscisic acid and brassinolide involved in both treatment. Our results not only verify the roles of key metabolites in resisting salt stress, but also further evidence that flavone and flavonol biosynthesis and plant growth regulator relate to salt tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enying Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xingjian Zhu
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenli Wang
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yue Sun
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaomin Tian
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ziyi Chen
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xinshang Mou
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yueheng Wei
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhixuan Fang
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Neil Ravenscroft
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- School of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Royal Agricultural University, Cirencester, United Kingdom
- International Agriculture University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - David O’Connor
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- School of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Royal Agricultural University, Cirencester, United Kingdom
| | - Xianmin Chang
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
- School of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Royal Agricultural University, Cirencester, United Kingdom
| | - Min Yan
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
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Yang L, Chen Y, Wang M, Hou H, Li S, Guan L, Yang H, Wang W, Hong L. Metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses reveal the effects of grafting on blood orange quality. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1169220. [PMID: 37360739 PMCID: PMC10286243 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1169220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Blood orange (Citrus sinensis L.) is a valuable source of nutrition because it is enriched in anthocyanins and has high organoleptic properties. Grafting is commonly used in citriculture and has crucial effects on various phenotypes of the blood orange, including its coloration, phenology, and biotic and abiotic resistance. Still, the underlying genetics and regulatory mechanisms are largely unexplored. Methods In this study, we investigated the phenotypic, metabolomic, and transcriptomic profiles at eight developmental stages of the lido blood orange cultivar (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck cv. Lido) grafted onto two rootstocks. Results and discussion The Trifoliate orange rootstock provided the best fruit quality and flesh color for Lido blood orange. Comparative metabolomics suggested significant differences in accumulation patterns of metabolites and we identified 295 differentially accumulated metabolites. The major contributors were flavonoids, phenolic acids, lignans and coumarins, and terpenoids. Moreover, transcriptome profiling resulted in the identification of 4179 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and 54 DEGs were associated with flavonoids and anthocyanins. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis identified major genes associated to 16 anthocyanins. Furthermore, seven transcription factors (C2H2, GANT, MYB-related, AP2/ERF, NAC, bZIP, and MYB) and five genes associated with anthocyanin synthesis pathway (CHS, F3H, UFGT, and ANS) were identified as key modulators of the anthocyanin content in lido blood orange. Overall, our results revealed the impact of rootstock on the global transcriptome and metabolome in relation to fruit quality in lido blood orange. The identified key genes and metabolites can be further utilized for the quality improvement of blood orange varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yang
- Fruit Tree Research Institute, Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Wang
- Fruit Tree Research Institute, Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Huifang Hou
- Fruit Tree Research Institute, Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Fruit Tree Research Institute, Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling Guan
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Haijian Yang
- Fruit Tree Research Institute, Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Wu Wang
- Fruit Tree Research Institute, Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Lin Hong
- Fruit Tree Research Institute, Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing, China
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Ghorbanzadeh Z, Hamid R, Jacob F, Zeinalabedini M, Salekdeh GH, Ghaffari MR. Comparative metabolomics of root-tips reveals distinct metabolic pathways conferring drought tolerance in contrasting genotypes of rice. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:152. [PMID: 36973662 PMCID: PMC10044761 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09246-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The mechanisms underlying rice root responses to drought during the early developmental stages are yet unknown.
Results
This study aimed to determine metabolic differences in IR64, a shallow-rooting, drought-susceptible genotype, and Azucena, a drought-tolerant and deep-rooting genotype under drought stress. The morphological evaluation revealed that Azucena might evade water stress by increasing the lateral root system growth, the root surface area, and length to access water. At the same time, IR64 may rely mainly on cell wall thickening to tolerate stress. Furthermore, significant differences were observed in 49 metabolites in IR64 and 80 metabolites in Azucena, for which most metabolites were implicated in secondary metabolism, amino acid metabolism, nucleotide acid metabolism and sugar and sugar alcohol metabolism. Among these metabolites, a significant positive correlation was found between allantoin, galactaric acid, gluconic acid, glucose, and drought tolerance. These metabolites may serve as markers of drought tolerance in genotype screening programs. Based on corresponding biological pathways analysis of the differentially abundant metabolites (DAMs), biosynthesis of alkaloid-derivatives of the shikimate pathway, fatty acid biosynthesis, purine metabolism, TCA cycle and amino acid biosynthesis were the most statistically enriched biological pathway in Azucena in drought response. However, in IR64, the differentially abundant metabolites of starch and sucrose metabolism were the most statistically enriched biological pathways.
Conclusion
Metabolic marker candidates for drought tolerance were identified in both genotypes. Thus, these markers that were experimentally determined in distinct metabolic pathways can be used for the development or selection of drought-tolerant rice genotypes.
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Zhang Y, Wang J, Li Y, Zhang Z, Yang L, Wang M, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Li C, Li L, Reynolds MP, Jing R, Wang C, Mao X. Wheat TaSnRK2.10 phosphorylates TaERD15 and TaENO1 and confers drought tolerance when overexpressed in rice. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 191:1344-1364. [PMID: 36417260 PMCID: PMC9922405 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Wheat (Triticum aestivum) is particularly susceptible to water deficit at the jointing stage of its development. Sucrose non-fermenting 1-related protein kinase 2 (SnRK2) acts as a signaling hub in the response to drought stress, but whether SnRK2 helps plants cope with water deficit via other mechanisms is largely unknown. Here, we cloned and characterized TaSnRK2.10, which was induced by multiple abiotic stresses and phytohormones. Ectopic expression of TaSnRK2.10 in rice (Oryza sativa) conferred drought tolerance, manifested by multiple improved physiological indices, including increased water content, cell membrane stability, and survival rates, as well as decreased water loss and accumulation of H2O2 and malonaldehyde. TaSnRK2.10 interacted with and phosphorylated early responsive to dehydration 15 (TaERD15) and enolase 1 (TaENO1) in vivo and in vitro. TaERD15 phosphorylated by TaSnRK2.10 was prone to degradation by the 26S proteasome, thereby mitigating its negative effects on drought tolerance. Phosphorylation of TaENO1 by TaSnRK2.10 may account for the substantially increased levels of phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), a key metabolite of primary and secondary metabolism, in TaSnRK2.10-overexpressing rice, thereby enhancing its viability under drought stress. Our results demonstrate that TaSnRK2.10 not only regulated stomatal aperture and the expression of drought-responsive genes, but also enhanced PEP supply and promoted the degradation of TaERD15, all of which enhanced drought tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jingyi Wang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yuying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zihui Zhang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Lili Yang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Min Wang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yining Zhang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Chaonan Li
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Long Li
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | | | - Ruilian Jing
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chenyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Xinguo Mao
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Gansu 730070, China
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Duan H, Tiika RJ, Tian F, Lu Y, Zhang Q, Hu Y, Cui G, Yang H. Metabolomics analysis unveils important changes involved in the salt tolerance of Salicornia europaea. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1097076. [PMID: 36743536 PMCID: PMC9896792 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1097076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Salicornia europaea is one of the world's salt-tolerant plant species and is recognized as a model plant for studying the metabolism and molecular mechanisms of halophytes under salinity. To investigate the metabolic responses to salinity stress in S. europaea, this study performed a widely targeted metabolomic analysis after analyzing the physiological characteristics of plants exposed to various NaCl treatments. S. europaea exhibited excellent salt tolerance and could withstand extremely high NaCl concentrations, while lower NaCl conditions (50 and 100 mM) significantly promoted growth by increasing tissue succulence and maintaining a relatively stable K+ concentration. A total of 552 metabolites were detected, 500 of which were differently accumulated, mainly consisting of lipids, organic acids, saccharides, alcohols, amino acids, flavonoids, phenolic acids, and alkaloids. Sucrose, glucose, p-proline, quercetin and its derivatives, and kaempferol derivatives represented core metabolites that are responsive to salinity stress. Glycolysis, flavone and flavonol biosynthesis, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis were considered as the most important pathways responsible for salt stress response by increasing the osmotic tolerance and antioxidant activities. The high accumulation of some saccharides, flavonoids, and phenolic acids under 50 mM NaCl compared with 300 mM NaCl might contribute to the improved salt tolerance under the 50 mM NaCl treatment. Furthermore, quercetin, quercetin derivatives, and kaempferol derivatives showed varied change patterns in the roots and shoots, while coumaric, caffeic, and ferulic acids increased significantly in the roots, implying that the coping strategies in the shoots and roots varied under salinity stress. These findings lay the foundation for further analysis of the mechanism underlying the response of S. europaea to salinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huirong Duan
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Richard John Tiika
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- College of Forestry, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Fuping Tian
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuan Lu
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yu Hu
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Guangxin Cui
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hongshan Yang
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
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Huan X, Li L, Liu Y, Kong Z, Liu Y, Wang Q, Liu J, Zhang P, Guo Y, Qin P. Integrating transcriptomics and metabolomics to analyze quinoa ( Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) responses to drought stress and rewatering. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:988861. [PMID: 36388589 PMCID: PMC9645111 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.988861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The crop production of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.), the only plant meeting basic human nutritional requirements, is affected by drought stress. To better understand the drought tolerance mechanism of quinoa, we screened the drought-tolerant quinoa genotype "Dianli 129" and studied the seedling leaves of the drought-tolerant quinoa genotype after drought and rewatering treatments using transcriptomics and targeted metabolomics. Drought-treatment, drought control, rewatering-treated, and rewatered control were named as DR, DC, RW, and RC, respectively. Among four comparison groups, DC vs. DR, RC vs. RW, RW vs. DR, and RC vs. DC, we identified 10,292, 2,307, 12,368, and 3 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and 215, 192, 132, and 19 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs), respectively. A total of 38,670 genes and 142 pathways were annotated. The results of transcriptome and metabolome association analysis showed that gene-LOC110713661 and gene-LOC110738152 may be the key genes for drought tolerance in quinoa. Some metabolites accumulated in quinoa leaves in response to drought stress, and the plants recovered after rewatering. DEGs and DEMs participate in starch and sucrose metabolism and flavonoid biosynthesis, which are vital for improving drought tolerance in quinoa. Drought tolerance of quinoa was correlated with gene expression differences, metabolite accumulation and good recovery after rewatering. These findings improve our understanding of drought and rewatering responses in quinoa and have implications for the breeding of new drought-tolerance varieties while providing a theoretical basis for drought-tolerance varieties identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuju Huan
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Li Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Yongjiang Liu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhiyou Kong
- College of Resources and Environment, Baoshan College, Baoshan, China
| | - Yeju Liu
- Graduate Office, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Qianchao Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Junna Liu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Yirui Guo
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Peng Qin
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
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GC-TOF-MS-Based Non-Targeted Metabolomic Analysis of Differential Metabolites in Chinese Ultra-Long-Term Industrially Fermented Kohlrabi and Their Associated Metabolic Pathways. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12100991. [PMID: 36295893 PMCID: PMC9610423 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12100991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fermented kohlrabi is a very popular side dish in China. Chinese kohlrabies industrially fermented for 0 years (0Y), 5 years (5Y), and 10 years (10Y) were employed and analyzed by non-targeted metabolomics based on GC-TOF-MS, and the differential metabolites were screened using multivariate statistical analysis techniques, including principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discrimination analysis (OPLS-DA). The results showed that 47, 38, and 33 differential metabolites were identified in the three treatment groups of 0Y and 5Y (A1), 0Y and 10Y (A2), and 5Y and 10Y (A3), respectively (VIP > 1, p < 0.05). The metabolites were mainly carbohydrates, amino acids, and organic acids. Furthermore, 13 differential metabolites were screened from the three groups, including L-glutamic acid, L-aspartic acid, γ-aminobutyric acid, and other compounds. Four metabolic pathways termed alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism, arginine biosynthesis, arginine and proline metabolism, and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis were the most significant pathways correlated with the differential metabolites, as analyzed according to the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). The odors for the three ultra-long-term industrially fermented kohlrabies were significantly different, as detected by E-nose. The present work describes the changes in metabolites between different ultra-long-term industrially fermented kohlrabies and the associated metabolic pathways, providing a theoretical basis for the targeted regulation of characteristic metabolite biosynthesis in Chinese fermented kohlrabi.
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Yang S, Liu M, Chu N, Chen G, Wang P, Mo J, Guo H, Xu J, Zhou H. Combined transcriptome and metabolome reveal glutathione metabolism plays a critical role in resistance to salinity in rice landraces HD961. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:952595. [PMID: 36160959 PMCID: PMC9490218 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.952595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa) is one of the most important food crops around the world, which is sensitive to salt stress, especially in the seedling and booting stage. HD961 is a salt-tolerant rice landrace that grows along coastal beaches and has disease and insect pest resistance, salt tolerance, and vigorous growth characteristics. We performed a combined transcriptome and metabolome analysis to clarify salinity resistance mechanisms in cultivar HD961, which has adapted to salinity soil at the early seedling stage. The results showed that the growth and antioxidant capacity of HD961 were stronger than 9311 under salt stress (SS). Transcriptomic analysis showed that a total of 6,145, 3,309, 1,819, and 1,296 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the groups of TH60 (control group vs. 60 mM group of HD961 for transcriptome), TH120 (control group vs. 120 mM group of HD961 for transcriptome), T60 (control group vs. 60 mM group of 9311 for transcriptome), and T120 (control group vs. 120 mM group of 9311 for transcriptome), respectively. Starch and sucrose metabolism and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis were shared in the four treatment groups based on a KEGG enrichment analysis of DEGs. In addition, alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, plant hormone signal transduction, plant-pathogen interaction, and fatty acid elongation were specific and significantly different in HD961. A total of 92, 158, 151, and 179 significantly regulated metabolites (SRMs) responded to SS in MH60 (control group vs. 60 mM group of HD961 for metabolome), MH120 (control group vs. 120 mM group of HD961 for metabolome), M60 (control group vs. 60 mM group of 9311 for metabolome), and M120 (control group vs. 120 mM group of 9311 for metabolome), respectively. The KEGG analysis showed that eight common metabolic pathways were identified in the four treatment groups, of which biosynthesis of amino acids was the most significant. Three specific metabolic pathways were identified in the HD961, including glutathione metabolism, ascorbate and aldarate metabolism, and pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis. Integrative analysis between the transcriptome and metabolome showed that glutathione metabolism was specific and significantly affected under SS in HD961. A total of seven SRMs and 48 DEGs and four SRMs and 15 DEGs were identified in the glutathione metabolism pathway in HD961 and 9311, respectively. The Pearson correlation analysis showed a significant correlation between reduced glutathione and 16 genes (12 upregulated and four downregulated genes), suggesting these genes could be candidates as salt-tolerance regulation genes. Collectively, our data show that glutathione metabolism plays a critical role in response to SS in rice. Moreover, the stronger regulative ability of related common genes and metabolites might contribute to salt resistance in HD961.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Yang
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, South China Branch of National Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Mengshuang Liu
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, South China Branch of National Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Na Chu
- National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guanxiu Chen
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, South China Branch of National Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Panpan Wang
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, South China Branch of National Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Junjie Mo
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, South China Branch of National Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Haifeng Guo
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, South China Branch of National Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jianghuan Xu
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, South China Branch of National Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Hongkai Zhou
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, South China Branch of National Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
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Xing A, Wang X, Nazir MF, Zhang X, Wang X, Yang R, Chen B, Fu G, Wang J, Ge H, Peng Z, Jia Y, He S, Du X. Transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling of flavonoid biosynthesis provides novel insights into petals coloration in Asian cotton (Gossypium arboreum L.). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:416. [PMID: 36038835 PMCID: PMC9425979 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03800-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asian cotton (Gossypium arboreum L.), as a precious germplasm resource of cotton with insect resistance and stress tolerance, possesses a broad spectrum of phenotypic variation related to pigmentation. Flower color affects insect pollination and the ornamental value of plants. Studying flower color of Asian cotton varieties improves the rate of hybridization and thus enriches the diversity of germplasm resources. Meanwhile, it also impacts the development of the horticultural industry. Unfortunately, there is a clear lack of studies concerning intricate mechanisms of cotton flower-color differentiation. Hereby, we report an integrative approach utilizing transcriptome and metabolome concerning flower color variation in three Gossypium arboreum cultivars. RESULTS A total of 215 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) were identified, including 83 differentially accumulated flavonoids (DAFs). Colorless kaempferol was more abundant in white flowers, while gossypetin-fer showed specificity in white flowers. Quercetin and gossypetin were the main contributors to yellow petal formation. Pelargonidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside and cyanidin-3-O-(6''-Malonylglucoside) showed high accumulation levels in purple petals. Quercetin and gossypetin pigments also promoted purple flower coloration. Moreover, 8178 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by RNA sequencing. The correlation results between total anthocyanins and DEGs were explored, indicating that 10 key structural genes and 29 transcription factors promoted anthocyanin biosynthesis and could be candidates for anthocyanin accumulation. Ultimately, we constructed co-expression networks of key DAFs and DEGs and demonstrated the interactions between specific metabolites and transcripts in different color flowers. CONCLUSION This study provides new insights into elucidating the regulatory mechanisms of cotton flower color and lays a potential foundation for generate cotton varieties with highly attractive flowers for pollinators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishuang Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Xiaoyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Mian Faisal Nazir
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Xiaomeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Xiuxiu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Ru Yang
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Henan, 450001, China
| | - Baojun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Guoyong Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Hao Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Zhen Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Henan, 450001, China
| | - Yinhua Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Shoupu He
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China.
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Henan, 450001, China.
| | - Xiongming Du
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China.
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Henan, 450001, China.
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Cao H, Li H, Chen X, Zhang Y, Lu L, Li S, Tao X, Zhu W, Wang J, Ma L. Insight into the molecular mechanisms of leaf coloration in Cymbidium ensifolium. Front Genet 2022; 13:923082. [PMID: 36035180 PMCID: PMC9413228 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.923082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cymbidiumensifolium L. is a significant ornamental plant in Orchidaceae. Aside from its attractive flowers, its leaf coloration is also an important ornamental trait. However, there is an apparent lack of studies concerning the intricate mechanism of leaf coloration in C. ensifolium. In this study, we report a systematic evaluation of leaf coloration utilizing transcriptome and metabolome profiles of purple, yellow, and green leaves. In total, 40 anthocyanins and 67 flavonoids were quantified along with chlorophyll content. The tissue–transcriptome profile identified 26,499 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The highest chlorophyll contents were identified in green leaves, followed by yellow and purple leaves. We identified key anthocyanins and flavonoids associated with leaf coloration, including cyanidin-3-O-sophoroside, naringenin-7-O-glucoside, delphinidin, cyanidin, petunidin, and quercetin, diosmetin, sinensetin, and naringenin chalcone. Moreover, genes encoding UDP-glucoronosyl, UDP-glucosyl transferase, chalcone synthesis, flavodoxin, cytochrome P450, and AMP-binding enzyme were identified as key structural genes affecting leaf coloration in C. ensifolium. In summary, copigmentation resulting from several key metabolites modulated by structural genes was identified as governing leaf coloration in C. ensifolium. Further functional verification of the identified DEGs and co-accumulation of metabolites can provide a tool to modify leaf color and improve the aesthetic value of C. ensifolium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Cao
- Flower Research Institute Yunnan Agriculture Academy Science, Kunming, China
| | - Han Li
- Flower Research Institute Yunnan Agriculture Academy Science, Kunming, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Fujian Forestry Science and Technology Experimental Center, Zhangzhou, China
| | - Yuying Zhang
- Yunnan Agricultural University College of Horticulture and Landscape, Kunming, China
| | - Lin Lu
- Flower Research Institute Yunnan Agriculture Academy Science, Kunming, China
| | - Shenchong Li
- Flower Research Institute Yunnan Agriculture Academy Science, Kunming, China
| | - Xiang Tao
- Yunnan Agriculture Academy Science, Kunming, China
| | - WeiYin Zhu
- Fujian Forestry Science and Technology Experimental Center, Zhangzhou, China
| | - Jihua Wang
- Yunnan Agriculture Academy Science, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Lulin Ma, ; Jihua Wang,
| | - Lulin Ma
- Flower Research Institute Yunnan Agriculture Academy Science, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Lulin Ma, ; Jihua Wang,
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Insights into the Major Metabolites Involved in the Underground Floral Differentiation of Erythronium japonicum. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:7431151. [PMID: 35601148 PMCID: PMC9122723 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7431151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background. Erythronium japonicum Decne (Liliaceae) is an early spring ephemeral with an underground initial floral differentiation stage. The flowering mechanism is crucial in ornamental plants due to the associated economic value. Therefore, this study is aimed at exploring the metabolic landscape during floral differentiation, including flower primordium, perianth, stamen, and the pistil differentiation period, in E. japonicum coupled with a conjoint analysis of the metabolome and transcriptome. Using ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, we identified 586 metabolites from 13 major metabolite classes. Comparative metabolomics between different floral developmental stages revealed several abundant metabolites during the respective phases. Upaccumulation of p-coumaroylputrescine, scopoletin, isorhoifolin, cosmosiin, genistin, and LysoPC 15 : 0 emphasized the significance of these compounds during flower development. Furthermore, previously identified DEGs, viz., EARLY FLOWERING 3, Flowering locus K, PHD finger-containing protein, and zinc finger SWIM domain-containing protein for floral differentiation, depicted a high correlation with lipid, flavonoid, and phenolics accumulation during floral developmental stages. Conclusions. Together, the results improve our interpretation of the underground floral development in E. japonicum.
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Widely-Targeted Metabolic Profiling in Lycium barbarum Fruits under Salt-Alkaline Stress Uncovers Mechanism of Salinity Tolerance. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27051564. [PMID: 35268665 PMCID: PMC8911562 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Wolfberry (Lycium barbarum L.) is an important economic crop widely grown in China. The effects of salt-alkaline stress on metabolites accumulation in the salt-tolerant Ningqi1 wolfberry fruits were evaluated across 12 salt-alkaline stress gradients. The soil pH, Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, and HCO3− contents decreased at a gradient across the salt-alkaline stress gradients. Based on the widely-targeted metabolomics approach, we identified 457 diverse metabolites, 53% of which were affected by salt-alkaline stress. Remarkably, soil salt-alkaline stress enhanced metabolites accumulation in wolfberry fruits. Amino acids, alkaloids, organic acids, and polyphenols contents increased proportionally across the salt-alkaline stress gradients. In contrast, nucleic acids, lipids, hydroxycinnamoyl derivatives, organic acids and derivatives and vitamins were significantly reduced by high salt-alkaline stress. A total of 13 salt-responsive metabolites represent potential biomarkers for salt-alkaline stress tolerance in wolfberry. Specifically, we found that constant reductions of lipids and chlorogenic acids; up-regulation of abscisic acid and accumulation of polyamines are essential mechanisms for salt-alkaline stress tolerance in Ningqi1. Overall, we provide for the first time some extensive metabolic insights into salt-alkaline stress tolerance and key metabolite biomarkers which may be useful for improving wolfberry tolerance to salt-alkaline stress.
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Ashraf MF, Hou D, Hussain Q, Imran M, Pei J, Ali M, Shehzad A, Anwar M, Noman A, Waseem M, Lin X. Entailing the Next-Generation Sequencing and Metabolome for Sustainable Agriculture by Improving Plant Tolerance. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:651. [PMID: 35054836 PMCID: PMC8775971 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Crop production is a serious challenge to provide food for the 10 billion individuals forecasted to live across the globe in 2050. The scientists' emphasize establishing an equilibrium among diversity and quality of crops by enhancing yield to fulfill the increasing demand for food supply sustainably. The exploitation of genetic resources using genomics and metabolomics strategies can help generate resilient plants against stressors in the future. The innovation of the next-generation sequencing (NGS) strategies laid the foundation to unveil various plants' genetic potential and help us to understand the domestication process to unmask the genetic potential among wild-type plants to utilize for crop improvement. Nowadays, NGS is generating massive genomic resources using wild-type and domesticated plants grown under normal and harsh environments to explore the stress regulatory factors and determine the key metabolites. Improved food nutritional value is also the key to eradicating malnutrition problems around the globe, which could be attained by employing the knowledge gained through NGS and metabolomics to achieve suitability in crop yield. Advanced technologies can further enhance our understanding in defining the strategy to obtain a specific phenotype of a crop. Integration among bioinformatic tools and molecular techniques, such as marker-assisted, QTLs mapping, creation of reference genome, de novo genome assembly, pan- and/or super-pan-genomes, etc., will boost breeding programs. The current article provides sequential progress in NGS technologies, a broad application of NGS, enhancement of genetic manipulation resources, and understanding the crop response to stress by producing plant metabolites. The NGS and metabolomics utilization in generating stress-tolerant plants/crops without deteriorating a natural ecosystem is considered a sustainable way to improve agriculture production. This highlighted knowledge also provides useful research that explores the suitable resources for agriculture sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Furqan Ashraf
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, 666 Wusu Street, Lin’An, Hangzhou 311300, China; (M.F.A.); (D.H.); (Q.H.); (J.P.)
| | - Dan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, 666 Wusu Street, Lin’An, Hangzhou 311300, China; (M.F.A.); (D.H.); (Q.H.); (J.P.)
| | - Quaid Hussain
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, 666 Wusu Street, Lin’An, Hangzhou 311300, China; (M.F.A.); (D.H.); (Q.H.); (J.P.)
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Colleges of Agriculture and Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (M.I.); (M.W.)
| | - Jialong Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, 666 Wusu Street, Lin’An, Hangzhou 311300, China; (M.F.A.); (D.H.); (Q.H.); (J.P.)
| | - Mohsin Ali
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
| | - Aamar Shehzad
- Maize Research Station, AARI, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Anwar
- Guangdong Technology Research Center for Marine Algal Bioengineering, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China;
| | - Ali Noman
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Waseem
- Colleges of Agriculture and Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (M.I.); (M.W.)
| | - Xinchun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, 666 Wusu Street, Lin’An, Hangzhou 311300, China; (M.F.A.); (D.H.); (Q.H.); (J.P.)
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Zhang N, Xue S, Song J, Zhou X, Zhou D, Liu X, Hong Z, Xu D. Effects of various artificial agarwood-induction techniques on the metabolome of Aquilaria sinensis. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:591. [PMID: 34903180 PMCID: PMC8667428 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03378-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Agarwood is a highly sought-after resinous wood for uses in medicine, incense, and perfume production. To overcome challenges associated with agarwood production in Aquilaria sinensis, several artificial agarwood-induction treatments have been developed. However, the effects of these techniques on the metabolome of the treated wood samples are unknown. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of four treatments: fire drill treatment (F), fire drill + brine treatment (FS), cold drill treatment (D) and cold drill + brine treatment (DS)) on ethanol-extracted oil content and metabolome profiles of treated wood samples from A. sinensis. RESULTS The ethanol-extracted oil content obtained from the four treatments differed significantly (F < D < DS < FS). A total of 712 metabolites composed mostly of alkaloids, amino acids and derivatives, flavonoids, lipids, phenolic acids, organic acids, nucleotides and derivatives, and terpenoids were detected. In pairwise comparisons, 302, 155, 271 and 363 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAM) were detected in F_vs_FS, D_vs_DS, F_vs_D and FS_vs_DS, respectively. The DAMs were enriched in flavonoid/flavone and flavonol biosynthesis, sesquiterpenoid and triterpenoid biosynthesis. Generally, addition of brine to either fire or cold drill treatments reduced the abundance of most of the metabolites. CONCLUSION The results from this study offer valuable insights into synthetically-induced agarwood production in A. sinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningnan Zhang
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, 510520 China
| | - Shiyu Xue
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, 510520 China
| | - Jie Song
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, 510520 China
| | - Xiuren Zhou
- School of Life Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Dahao Zhou
- Huazhou Yuanlai Agarwood Limited Company, Huazhou, 525100 China
| | - Xiaojin Liu
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, 510520 China
| | - Zhou Hong
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, 510520 China
| | - Daping Xu
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, 510520 China
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Chele KH, Steenkamp P, Piater LA, Dubery IA, Huyser J, Tugizimana F. A Global Metabolic Map Defines the Effects of a Si-Based Biostimulant on Tomato Plants under Normal and Saline Conditions. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11120820. [PMID: 34940578 PMCID: PMC8709197 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11120820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The ongoing unpredictability of climate changes is exponentially exerting a negative impact on crop production, further aggravating detrimental abiotic stress effects. Several research studies have been focused on the genetic modification of crop plants to achieve more crop resilience against such stress factors; however, there has been a paradigm shift in modern agriculture focusing on more organic, eco-friendly and long-lasting systems to improve crop yield. As such, extensive research into the use of microbial and nonmicrobial biostimulants has been at the core of agricultural studies to improve crop growth and development, as well as to attain tolerance against several biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the biostimulant activity remain enigmatic. Thus, this study is a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based untargeted metabolomics approach to unravel the hypothetical biochemical framework underlying effects of a nonmicrobial biostimulant (a silicon-based formulation) on tomato plants (Solanum lycopersium) under salinity stress conditions. This metabolomics study postulates that Si-based biostimulants could alleviate salinity stress in tomato plants through modulation of the primary metabolism involving changes in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, fatty acid and numerous amino acid biosynthesis pathways, with further reprogramming of several secondary metabolism pathways such as the phenylpropanoid pathway, flavonoid biosynthesis pathways including flavone and flavanol biosynthesis. Thus, the postulated hypothetical framework, describing biostimulant-induced metabolic events in tomato plants, provides actionable knowledge necessary for industries and farmers to, confidently and innovatively, explore, design, and fully implement Si-based formulations and strategies into agronomic practices for sustainable agriculture and food production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kekeletso H. Chele
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa; (K.H.C.); (P.S.); (L.A.P.); (I.A.D.)
| | - Paul Steenkamp
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa; (K.H.C.); (P.S.); (L.A.P.); (I.A.D.)
| | - Lizelle A. Piater
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa; (K.H.C.); (P.S.); (L.A.P.); (I.A.D.)
| | - Ian A. Dubery
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa; (K.H.C.); (P.S.); (L.A.P.); (I.A.D.)
| | - Johan Huyser
- International Research and Development Division, Omnia Group, Ltd., Johannesburg 2021, South Africa;
| | - Fidele Tugizimana
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa; (K.H.C.); (P.S.); (L.A.P.); (I.A.D.)
- International Research and Development Division, Omnia Group, Ltd., Johannesburg 2021, South Africa;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +27-011-559-7784
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Chen L, Li X, Zhang J, He T, Huang J, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Hafeez M, Zhou S, Ren X, Hou Y, Lu Y. Comprehensive Metabolome and Volatilome Analyses in Eggplant and Tomato Reveal Their Differential Responses to Tuta absoluta Infestation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:757230. [PMID: 34804095 PMCID: PMC8597266 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.757230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The South American tomato pinworm, Tuta absoluta, is one of the most destructive insect pests in Solanaceae crops, particularly in tomatoes. Current methods of management have proven somewhat effective but still require a more efficacious management strategy to limit its havoc on crop yield. Tomato is much more predisposed to T. absoluta as compared with other plants such as eggplants, but the underlying causes have not been fully determined. We conducted this study to unravel the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and primary/secondary metabolites that account for the differential response of tomatoes and eggplants to T. absoluta infestation. We performed widely targeted comparative metabolome and volatilome profiling by ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) and headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME/GC-MS), respectively, on eggplants and tomatoes under control and T. absoluta infestation conditions. Overall, 141 VOCs and 797 primary/secondary metabolites were identified, largely dominated by aldehyde, alcohols, alkanes, amine, aromatics, a heterocyclic compound, ketone, olefin, phenol, and terpenes. Most of the VOCs and primary/secondary metabolites from the terpene class were largely differentially regulated in eggplants compared with tomatoes. Eggplants emitted several compounds that were lower or completely absent in tomatoes either under control conditions or after T. absoluta infestation. The results from an electroantennogram showed that 35 differentially accumulated VOCs could elicit female T. absoluta response, implying that these volatile compounds significantly alter the behavior of this pest. These findings demonstrated that differentially accumulated metabolites and volatile compounds play major roles in eggplant resistance to T. absoluta infestation as these compounds were regulated upon attack by T. absoluta. Our findings can assist in integrated pest management efforts by developing appropriate control measures against T. absoluta in Solanaceae production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Key Lab of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education & Fujian Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Integrated Plant Protection Center, Lishui Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Lishui, China
| | - Xiaowei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tianjun He
- Integrated Plant Protection Center, Lishui Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Lishui, China
| | - Jun Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yeyang Wang
- Integrated Plant Protection Center, Lishui Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Lishui, China
| | - Muhammad Hafeez
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuxing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyun Ren
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Youming Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Key Lab of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education & Fujian Key Laboratory of Insect Ecology, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yaobin Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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Hamany Djande CY, Piater LA, Steenkamp PA, Tugizimana F, Dubery IA. A Metabolomics Approach and Chemometric Tools for Differentiation of Barley Cultivars and Biomarker Discovery. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11090578. [PMID: 34564394 PMCID: PMC8466441 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11090578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the ultimate goals of plant breeding is the development of new crop cultivars capable of withstanding increasing environmental stresses, to sustain the constantly growing population and economic demands. Investigating the chemical composition of the above and underground tissues of cultivars is crucial for the understanding of common and specific traits thereof. Using an untargeted metabolomics approach together with appropriate chemometrics tools, the differential metabolite profiles of leaf and root extracts from five cultivars of barley (‘Erica’, ‘Elim’, ‘Hessekwa’, ‘S16’ and ‘Agulhas’) were explored and potential signatory biomarkers were revealed. The study was conducted on seedlings grown for 21 days under identical controlled conditions. An ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) was employed to analyse hydromethanolic leaf and root extracts of barley cultivars. Furthermore, unsupervised and supervised learning algorithms were applied to mine the generated data and to pinpoint cultivar-specific metabolites. Among all the classes of metabolites annotated, phenolic acids and derivatives formed the largest group and also represented the most discriminatory metabolites. In roots, saponarin, an important allelochemical differentially distributed across cultivars, was the only flavonoid annotated. The application of an untargeted metabolomics approach in phenotyping grain crops such as barley was demonstrated, and the metabolites responsible for differentiating between the selected cultivars were revealed. The study provides insights into the chemical architecture of barley, an agro-economically relevant cereal crop; and reiterates the importance of metabolomics tools in plant breeding practices for crop improvement.
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Gao J, Xiong K, Zhou W, Li W. Extensive Metabolite Profiling in the Unexploited Organs of Black Tiger for Their Potential Valorization in the Pharmaceutical Industry. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:544. [PMID: 34200589 PMCID: PMC8229443 DOI: 10.3390/life11060544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Black tiger (Kadsura coccinea (Lem.)) has been reported to hold enormous pharmaceutical potential. The fruit and rhizome of black tiger are highly exploited in the pharmaceutical and other industries. However, the most important organs from the plant such as the leaf and stem are considered biowastes mainly because a comprehensive metabolite profile has not been reported in these organs. Knowledge of the metabolic landscape of the unexploited black tiger organs could help identify and isolate important compounds with pharmaceutical and nutritional values for a better valorization of the species. In this study, we used a widely targeted metabolomics approach to profile the metabolomes of the K. coccinea leaf (KL) and stem (KS) and compared them with the root (KR). We identified 642, 650 and 619 diverse metabolites in KL, KS and KR, respectively. A total of 555 metabolites were mutually detected among the three organs, indicating that the leaf and stem organs may also hold potential for medicinal, nutritional and industrial applications. Most of the differentially accumulated metabolites between organs were enriched in flavone and flavonol biosynthesis, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, arginine and proline metabolism, arginine biosynthesis, tyrosine metabolism and 2-oxocarboxylic acid metabolism pathways. In addition, several important organ-specific metabolites were detected in K. coccinea. In conclusion, we provide extensive metabolic information to stimulate black tiger leaf and stem valorization in human healthcare and food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfei Gao
- Institute of Mountain Resources, Guizhou Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550001, China; (J.G.); (W.L.)
| | - Kangning Xiong
- State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertification Control of China, School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Guizhou Industry Polytechnic College, Guiyang 550008, China;
| | - Weijie Li
- Institute of Mountain Resources, Guizhou Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550001, China; (J.G.); (W.L.)
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Schillaci M, Kehelpannala C, Martinez-Seidel F, Smith PMC, Arsova B, Watt M, Roessner U. The Metabolic Response of Brachypodium Roots to the Interaction with Beneficial Bacteria Is Affected by the Plant Nutritional Status. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11060358. [PMID: 34205012 PMCID: PMC8228974 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11060358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential of plant growth promoting (PGP) bacteria in improving the performance of plants in suboptimal environments is increasingly acknowledged, but little information is available on the mechanisms underlying this interaction, particularly when plants are subjected to a combination of stresses. In this study, we investigated the effects of the inoculation with the PGP bacteria Azospirillum brasilense (Azospirillum) on the metabolism of the model cereal Brachypodium distachyon (Brachypodium) grown at low temperatures and supplied with insufficient phosphorus. Investigating polar metabolite and lipid fluctuations during early plant development, we found that the bacteria initially elicited a defense response in Brachypodium roots, while at later stages Azospirillum reduced the stress caused by phosphorus deficiency and improved root development of inoculated plants, particularly by stimulating the growth of branch roots. We propose that the interaction of the plant with Azospirillum was influenced by its nutritional status: bacteria were sensed as pathogens while plants were still phosphorus sufficient, but the interaction became increasingly beneficial for the plants as their phosphorus levels decreased. Our results provide new insights on the dynamics of the cereal-PGP bacteria interaction, and contribute to our understanding of the role of beneficial microorganisms in the growth of cereal crops in suboptimal environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martino Schillaci
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia; (C.K.); (M.W.); (U.R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Cheka Kehelpannala
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia; (C.K.); (M.W.); (U.R.)
| | - Federico Martinez-Seidel
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia; (C.K.); (M.W.); (U.R.)
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany;
| | - Penelope M. C. Smith
- Department of Animal, Plant, and Soil Sciences, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora 3086, Australia;
| | - Borjana Arsova
- Institute for Bio & Geosciences, Plant Sciences (IBG-2), Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH, 52425 Juelich, Germany;
| | - Michelle Watt
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia; (C.K.); (M.W.); (U.R.)
| | - Ute Roessner
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia; (C.K.); (M.W.); (U.R.)
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Wang Y, Liu J, Yang F, Zhou W, Mao S, Lin J, Yan X. Untargeted LC-MS-based metabolomics revealed specific metabolic changes in cotyledons and roots of Ricinus communis during early seedling establishment under salt stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 163:108-118. [PMID: 33826995 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Early seedling development is one of the most crucial period of the plant's life cycle, which is highly susceptible to adverse environmental conditions, especially those impose by salt stress. Castor plant (Ricinus communis) is a famous non-edible oilseed and salt-resistant crop worldwide. However, the specific metabolic responses in the cotyledons and roots of this species during seedling establishment under salt stress are still not clearly understood. In the present study, 16 d castor seedlings were treated with 150 mM NaCl for 6 d, and the metabolite profiling of cotyledons and roots was conducted using liquid chromatography (LC) combined with electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ESI-TOF-MS). The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) results showed that the metabolites were great differed in cotyledons and roots under salt stress. There were 38 differential metabolites, mainly including fatty acid, nucleic acid and organic acids in the cotyledons, but only 19 differential metabolites, mainly including fatty acid and organic acids in the roots under such condition. Furthermore, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis revealed that flavone and flavonol biosynthesis, pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis, citrate cycle and carotenoid biosynthesis were the common metabolic pathways in response to salt stress in the two organs. Salt stress caused metabolite process alteration mainly on carbon and nitrogen metabolisms, and the carbon allocation from root to cotyledon was increased. Additionally, changes of amino acids and nucleic acids profiles were only found in the cotyledons, and the roots could enhance the activity of antioxidant enzyme systems to scavenge ROS under salinity. In conclusion, the present research provides an improved understanding on specific physiological changes in the cotyledons in castor early seedlings, and explores their interaction under salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingnan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Junyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Wanli Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Shuang Mao
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Jixiang Lin
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Landscape Architecture, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
| | - Xiufeng Yan
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
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Abstract
Metabolomics is a technology that generates large amounts of data and contributes to obtaining wide and integral explanations of the biochemical state of a living organism. Plants are continuously affected by abiotic stresses such as water scarcity, high temperatures and high salinity, and metabolomics has the potential for elucidating the response-to-stress mechanisms and develop resistance strategies in affected cultivars. This review describes the characteristics of each of the stages of metabolomic studies in plants and the role of metabolomics in the characterization of the response of various plant species to abiotic stresses.
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Wei Y, Zhang Y, Meng J, Wang Y, Zhong C, Ma H. Transcriptome and metabolome profiling in naturally infested Casuarina equisetifolia clones by Ralstonia solanacearum. Genomics 2021; 113:1906-1918. [PMID: 33771635 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2021.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Casuarina equisetifolia is an important pioneer tree and suffers from bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum. We collected resistant (R) and susceptible (S) C. equisetifolia clones naturally infected by R. solanacearum and compared their transcriptome and metabolome with a clone (CK) from a non-infested forest, in order to study their response and resistance to bacterial wilt. We identified 18 flavonoids differentially accumulated among the three clonal groups as potential selection biomarkers against R. solanacearum. Flavonoid synthesis-related genes were up-regulated in the resistant clones, probably enhancing accumulation of flavonoids and boosting resistance against bacterial wilt. The down-regulation of auxin/indoleacetic acid-related genes and up-regulation of brassinosteroid, salicylic acid and jasmonic acid-related differentially expressed genes in the R vs CK and R vs S clonal groups may have triggered defense signals and increased expression of defense-related genes against R. solanacearum. Overall, this study provides an important insight into pathogen-response and resistance to bacterial wilt in C. equisetifolia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongcheng Wei
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Longdong, Guangzhou 510520, China.
| | - Yong Zhang
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Longdong, Guangzhou 510520, China.
| | - Jingxiang Meng
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Longdong, Guangzhou 510520, China.
| | - Yujiao Wang
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Longdong, Guangzhou 510520, China.
| | - Chonglu Zhong
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Longdong, Guangzhou 510520, China.
| | - Haibin Ma
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Longdong, Guangzhou 510520, China.
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Dos Santos Araújo G, de Oliveira Paula-Marinho S, de Paiva Pinheiro SK, de Castro Miguel E, de Sousa Lopes L, Camelo Marques E, de Carvalho HH, Gomes-Filho E. H 2O 2 priming promotes salt tolerance in maize by protecting chloroplasts ultrastructure and primary metabolites modulation. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 303:110774. [PMID: 33487358 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide priming has emerged as a powerful strategy to trigger multiple responses involved in plant acclimation that reinforce tolerance to abiotic stresses, including salt stress. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the impact of foliar H2O2 priming on the physiological, biochemical, and ultrastructural traits related to photosynthesis of salt-stressed plants. Besides, we provided comparative leaf metabolomic profiles of Zea mays plants under such conditions. For this, H2O or H2O2 pretreated plants were grown under saline conditions for 12-days. Salinity drastically affected photosynthetic parameters and structural chloroplasts integrity, also increased reactive oxygen species contents promoting disturbance in the plant metabolism when compared to non-saline conditions. Our results suggest that H2O2-pretreated plants improved photosynthetic performance avoiding salinity-induced energy excess and ultrastructural damage by preserving stacking thylakoids. It displayed modulation of some metabolites, as arabitol, glucose, asparagine, and tyrosine, which may contribute to the maintenance of osmotic balance and reduced oxidative stress. Hence, our study brings new insights into an understanding of plant acclimation to salinity by H2O2 priming based on photosynthesis maintenance and metabolite modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Emílio de Castro Miguel
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering and Analytical Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil.
| | | | - Elton Camelo Marques
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil.
| | | | - Enéas Gomes-Filho
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and National Institute of Science and Technology in Salinity (INCTSal/CNPq), Federal University of Ceará, Pici Campus St., 60455-760, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
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Muthusamy M, Kim JH, Kim SH, Kim JY, Heo JW, Lee H, Lee KS, Seo WD, Park S, Kim JA, Lee SI. Changes in Beneficial C-glycosylflavones and Policosanol Content in Wheat and Barley Sprouts Subjected to Differential LED Light Conditions. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E1502. [PMID: 33172036 PMCID: PMC7694615 DOI: 10.3390/plants9111502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The spectral quality and intensity of light, photoperiodism, and other environmental factors have profound impacts on the metabolic composition of light-dependent higher plants. Hence, we investigate the effects of fluorescent light (96 μmol m-2s-1) and white (100 μmol m-2s-1), blue (100 μmol m-2s-1), and red (93 μmol m-2s-1) light-emitting diode (LED) light irradiation on the C-glycosylflavone and policosanol contents in young seedlings of wheat and barley. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) analyses of C-glycosylflavone contents in barley reveal that the saponarin content is significantly enhanced under blue LED light irradiation. Under similar conditions, isoorientin and isoschaftoside contents are improved in wheat seedlings. The contents of these C-glycosylflavones differed along with the light quality and growth period. The highest accumulation was observed in sprouts after three days under blue LED light irradiation. GC/MS analyses of policosanol contents showed that 1-hexacosanol (C26:o-OH) in barley and 1-octacosanol (C28:o-OH) in wheat seedlings were reduced under LED light irradiation, compared to seedlings under fluorescent light conditions. Nonetheless, the policosanol contents gradually improved with the extension of growth times and treatments, irrespective of the light quality. Additionally, a positive correlation was observed between the expression pattern of biosynthesis-related genes and the respective metabolite content in barley. This study demonstrates that blue LED light irradiation is useful in maximizing the C-glycosylflavone content in barley and wheat sprouts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthusamy Muthusamy
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (NAS), RDA, Jeonju 54874, Korea; (M.M.); (J.H.K.); (S.H.K.); (J.Y.K.); (S.P.); (J.A.K.)
| | - Jong Hee Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (NAS), RDA, Jeonju 54874, Korea; (M.M.); (J.H.K.); (S.H.K.); (J.Y.K.); (S.P.); (J.A.K.)
- Division of Horticultural Biotechnology, Hankyung National University, Anseong 17579, Korea
| | - Suk Hee Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (NAS), RDA, Jeonju 54874, Korea; (M.M.); (J.H.K.); (S.H.K.); (J.Y.K.); (S.P.); (J.A.K.)
| | - Joo Yeol Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (NAS), RDA, Jeonju 54874, Korea; (M.M.); (J.H.K.); (S.H.K.); (J.Y.K.); (S.P.); (J.A.K.)
| | - Jeong Wook Heo
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (NAS), RDA, Jeonju 54874, Korea;
| | - HanGyeol Lee
- Division of Crop Foundation, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), RDA, Wanju 55365, Korea; (H.L.); (K.-S.L.); (W.D.S.)
| | - Kwang-Sik Lee
- Division of Crop Foundation, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), RDA, Wanju 55365, Korea; (H.L.); (K.-S.L.); (W.D.S.)
| | - Woo Duck Seo
- Division of Crop Foundation, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), RDA, Wanju 55365, Korea; (H.L.); (K.-S.L.); (W.D.S.)
| | - Soyoung Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (NAS), RDA, Jeonju 54874, Korea; (M.M.); (J.H.K.); (S.H.K.); (J.Y.K.); (S.P.); (J.A.K.)
| | - Jin A Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (NAS), RDA, Jeonju 54874, Korea; (M.M.); (J.H.K.); (S.H.K.); (J.Y.K.); (S.P.); (J.A.K.)
| | - Soo In Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (NAS), RDA, Jeonju 54874, Korea; (M.M.); (J.H.K.); (S.H.K.); (J.Y.K.); (S.P.); (J.A.K.)
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Biswas S, Biswas AK, De B. Influence of sodium chloride on growth and metabolic reprogramming in nonprimed and haloprimed seedlings of blackgram (Vigna mungo L.). PROTOPLASMA 2020; 257:1559-1583. [PMID: 32647999 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-020-01532-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Salinity hinders agricultural productivity worldwide by distressing plant metabolism. Growth of blackgram (Vigna mungo L. var. Sulata), an adverse climate-resistant pulse, is arrested under salinity. Present research integrates study of physio-biochemical parameters and non-targeted metabolomics approach to explore the alterations in metabolic pathway during adaptive responses of nonprimed and haloprimed blackgram seedlings grown hydroponically under NaCl stress. Salinity provoked accumulation of peroxides, compatible solutes and phenolics which increased free radical scavenging activities of nonprimed seedlings under salinity. Pre-germination seed halopriming abrogated NaCl-mediated adversities in haloprimed plantlets favouring better growth. Thus, farmers may adopt seed halopriming technique to improve blackgram productivity in saline-prone fields. Additionally, metabolomics study uncovered numerous metabolites amongst which 35 compounds altered significantly under salinity. The candidate metabolites were aspartic acid, L-glutamic acid, L-proline, L-asparagine, DL-isoleucine, L-homoserine, citrulline, L-ornithine, D-altrose, D-allose, N-acetyl-D-mannosamine, fructose, tagatose, sucrose, D-glucose, maltose, glycerol-1-phosphate, D-sorbitol, benzoic acid, shikimic acid, 4-hydroxycinnamic acid, arbutin, succinic acid, pipecolic acid, fumaric acid, nicotinic acid, L-pyroglutamic acid, oxalic acid, glyceric acid, maleamic acid, adenine, guanosine, lauric acid, stearic acid and porphine. Comparing metabolic responses of nonprimed and haloprimed seedlings, it was clear that efficient alteration in carbohydrate metabolism, phenolics accumulation, amino acid, organic acid and nucleic acid metabolism were the key places of metabolic reprogramming for tolerating salinity. Overall, we report, for the first time, 35 contributory candidate compounds that constituted core fundamental metabolome invoking salinity tolerance in nonprimed and haloprimed blackgram. These metabolites may be targeted by biotechnologists to produce high vigour salt-tolerant transgenic blackgram via genetic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabarni Biswas
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Centre for Advanced Studies, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, India
- Phytochemistry and Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Centre for Advanced Studies, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, India
| | - Asok K Biswas
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Centre for Advanced Studies, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, India
| | - Bratati De
- Phytochemistry and Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Centre for Advanced Studies, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, India.
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Metabolomics: A Tool for Cultivar Phenotyping and Investigation of Grain Crops. AGRONOMY-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy10060831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The quality of plants is often enhanced for diverse purposes such as improved resistance to environmental pressures, better taste, and higher yields. Considering the world’s dependence on plants (nutrition, medicine, or biofuel), developing new cultivars with superior characteristics is of great importance. As part of the ‘omics’ approaches, metabolomics has been employed to investigate the large number of metabolites present in plant systems under well-defined environmental conditions. Recent advances in the metabolomics field have greatly expanded our understanding of plant metabolism, largely driven by potential application to agricultural systems. The current review presents the workflow for plant metabolome analyses, current knowledge, and future directions of such research as determinants of cultivar phenotypes. Furthermore, the value of metabolome analyses in contemporary crop science is illustrated. Here, metabolomics has provided valuable information in research on grain crops and identified significant biomarkers under different conditions and/or stressors. Moreover, the value of metabolomics has been redefined from simple biomarker identification to a tool for discovering active drivers involved in biological processes. We illustrate and conclude that the rapid advances in metabolomics are driving an explosion of information that will advance modern breeding approaches for grain crops and address problems associated with crop productivity and sustainable agriculture.
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Goro MG, Sinha VB. Seed germination responses for varying KNO3 and NaNO3 stress in Trifolium alexandrinum. L cultivars. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2020.101618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Sang Z, Yang C, Yuan H, Wang Y, Jabu D, Xu Q. Insights into the metabolic responses of two contrasting Tibetan hulless barley genotypes under low nitrogen stress. Bioinformation 2019; 15:845-852. [PMID: 32256004 PMCID: PMC7088427 DOI: 10.6026/97320630015845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is an essential macronutrient for plants. However, excessive use of N fertilizer for cultivation is an environmental hazard. A good adaption to N deficiency is known in the Tibetan hulless barley. Therefore, it is of interest to complete the metabolic analysis on LSZQK which is a low nitrogen (low-N) sensitive genotype and Z0284 that is tolerant to low-N. We identified and quantified 750 diverse metabolites in this analysis. The two genotypes show differences in their basal metabolome under normal N condition. Polyphenols and lipids related metabolites were significantly enriched in Z0284 having a basal role prior to exposure to low-N stress. Analysis of the differentially accumulated metabolites (DAM) induced by low-N explain the genotype-specific responses. Fourteen DAMs showed similar patterns of change between low-N and control conditions in both genotypes. This could be the core low-N responsive metabolites regardless of the tolerance level in hulless barley. We also identified 4 DAMs (serotonin, MAG (18:4) isomer 2, tricin 7-O-feruloylhexoside and gluconic acid) shared by both genotypes displaying opposite patterns of regulation under low-N conditions and may play important roles in low-N tolerance. This report provides a theoretical basis for further understanding of the molecular mechanisms of low-N stress tolerance in hulless barley.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zha Sang
- State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa 850002, China
- Institute of Agricultural Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa 850002, China
| | - Chunbao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa 850002, China
- Institute of Agricultural Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa 850002, China
| | - Hongjun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa 850002, China
- Institute of Agricultural Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa 850002, China
| | - Yulin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa 850002, China
- Institute of Agricultural Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa 850002, China
| | - Dunzhu Jabu
- State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa 850002, China
- Institute of Agricultural Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa 850002, China
| | - Qijun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley and Yak Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Lhasa 850002, China
- Institute of Agricultural Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa 850002, China
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Chen L, Wu Q, He W, He T, Wu Q, Miao Y. Combined De Novo Transcriptome and Metabolome Analysis of Common Bean Response to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20246278. [PMID: 31842411 PMCID: PMC6941151 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular changes elicited by common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in response to Fusarium oxysproum f. sp. Phaseoli (FOP) remain elusive. We studied the changes in root metabolism during common bean–FOP interactions using a combined de novo transcriptome and metabolome approach. Our results demonstrated alterations of transcript levels and metabolite concentrations in common bean roots 24 h post infection as compared to control. The transcriptome and metabolome responses in common bean roots revealed significant changes in structural defense i.e., cell-wall loosening and weakening characterized by hyper accumulation of cell-wall loosening and degradation related transcripts. The levels of pathogenesis related genes were significantly higher upon FOP inoculation. Interestingly, we found the involvement of glycosylphosphatidylinositol- anchored proteins (GPI-APs) in signal transduction in response to FOP infection. Our results confirmed that hormones have strong role in signaling pathways i.e., salicylic acid, jasmonate, and ethylene pathways. FOP induced energy metabolism and nitrogen mobilization in infected common bean roots as compared to control. Importantly, the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway was the most significantly enriched pathway in response to FOP infection as revealed by the combined transcriptome and metabolome analysis. Overall, the observed modulations in the transcriptome and metabolome flux as outcome of several orchestrated molecular events are determinant of host’s role in common bean–FOP interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Chen
- Integrated Plant Protection Center, Lishui Institute of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, 827 Liyang Stress, Lishui 323000, China
| | - Quancong Wu
- Integrated Plant Protection Center, Lishui Institute of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, 827 Liyang Stress, Lishui 323000, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-578-2028375; Fax: +86-578-2173070
| | - Weimin He
- Integrated Plant Protection Center, Lishui Institute of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, 827 Liyang Stress, Lishui 323000, China
| | - Tianjun He
- Integrated Plant Protection Center, Lishui Institute of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, 827 Liyang Stress, Lishui 323000, China
| | - Qianqian Wu
- School of Agricultural and Food Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Yeminzi Miao
- Integrated Plant Protection Center, Lishui Institute of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, 827 Liyang Stress, Lishui 323000, China
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Ying H, Shi J, Zhang S, Pingcuo G, Wang S, Zhao F, Cui Y, Zeng X. Transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling provide novel insights into fruit development and flesh coloration in Prunus mira Koehne, a special wild peach species. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:463. [PMID: 31675926 PMCID: PMC6825364 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-2074-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flesh color is one of the most important traits for the commercial value of peach fruit. To unravel the underlying regulatory network in Prunus mira, we performed an integrated analysis of the transcriptome and metabolome of 3 fruit types with various flesh pigmentations (milk-white, yellow and blood) at 3 developmental stages (pit-hardening, cell enlargement and fruit ripening). RESULTS Transcriptome analysis showed that an intense transcriptional adjustment is required for the transition from the pit-hardening to the cell enlargement stage. In contrast, few genes were differentially expressed (DEGs) from the cell enlargement to the fruit ripening stage and importantly, the 3 fruits displayed diverse transcriptional activities, indicating that difference in fruit flesh pigmentations mainly occurred during the ripening stage. We further investigated the DEGs between pairs of fruit types during the ripening stage and identified 563 DEGs representing the 'core transcriptome' associated with major differentiations between the 3 fruit types, including flesh pigmentation. Meanwhile, we analyzed the metabolome, particularly, at the ripening stage and uncovered 40 differential metabolites ('core metabolome') between the 3 fruit types including 5 anthocyanins, which may be the key molecules associated with flesh coloration. Finally, we constructed the regulatory network depicting the interactions between anthocyanins and important transcripts involved in fruit flesh coloration. CONCLUSIONS The major metabolites and transcripts involved in fruit flesh coloration in P. mira were unraveled in this study providing valuable information which will undoubtedly assist in breeding towards improved fruit quality in peach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Ying
- The ministry of agriculture of Qinghai-Tibet plateau fruit trees scientific observation test station, Lhasa, 850032, Tibet, China
- Institute of Vegetables, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, 850002, Tibet, China
| | - Jian Shi
- Wuhan Metware Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- The ministry of agriculture of Qinghai-Tibet plateau fruit trees scientific observation test station, Lhasa, 850032, Tibet, China
- Institute of Vegetables, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, 850002, Tibet, China
| | - Gesang Pingcuo
- The ministry of agriculture of Qinghai-Tibet plateau fruit trees scientific observation test station, Lhasa, 850032, Tibet, China
- Institute of Vegetables, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, 850002, Tibet, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- The ministry of agriculture of Qinghai-Tibet plateau fruit trees scientific observation test station, Lhasa, 850032, Tibet, China
- Institute of Vegetables, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, 850002, Tibet, China
| | - Fan Zhao
- The ministry of agriculture of Qinghai-Tibet plateau fruit trees scientific observation test station, Lhasa, 850032, Tibet, China
- Institute of Vegetables, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, 850002, Tibet, China
| | - Yongning Cui
- The ministry of agriculture of Qinghai-Tibet plateau fruit trees scientific observation test station, Lhasa, 850032, Tibet, China
- Institute of Vegetables, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, 850002, Tibet, China
| | - Xiuli Zeng
- The ministry of agriculture of Qinghai-Tibet plateau fruit trees scientific observation test station, Lhasa, 850032, Tibet, China.
- Institute of Vegetables, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, 850002, Tibet, China.
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Marchetti CF, Ugena L, Humplík JF, Polák M, Ćavar Zeljković S, Podlešáková K, Fürst T, De Diego N, Spíchal L. A Novel Image-Based Screening Method to Study Water-Deficit Response and Recovery of Barley Populations Using Canopy Dynamics Phenotyping and Simple Metabolite Profiling. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1252. [PMID: 31681365 PMCID: PMC6804369 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Plant phenotyping platforms offer automated, fast scoring of traits that simplify the selection of varieties that are more competitive under stress conditions. However, indoor phenotyping methods are frequently based on the analysis of plant growth in individual pots. We present a reproducible indoor phenotyping method for screening young barley populations under water stress conditions and after subsequent rewatering. The method is based on a simple read-out of data using RGB imaging, projected canopy height, as a useful feature for indirectly following the kinetics of growth and water loss in a population of barley. A total of 47 variables including 15 traits and 32 biochemical metabolites measured (morphometric parameters, chlorophyll fluorescence imaging, quantification of stress-related metabolites; amino acids and polyamines, and enzymatic activities) were used to validate the method. The study allowed the identification of metabolites related to water stress response and recovery. Specifically, we found that cadaverine (Cad), 1,3-aminopropane (DAP), tryptamine (Tryp), and tyramine (Tyra) were the major contributors to the water stress response, whereas Cad, DAP, and Tyra, but not Tryp, remained at higher levels in the stressed plants even after rewatering. In this work, we designed, optimized and validated a non-invasive image-based method for automated screening of potential water stress tolerance genotypes in barley populations. We demonstrated the applicability of the method using transgenic barley lines with different sensitivity to drought stress showing that combining canopy height and the metabolite profile we can discriminate tolerant from sensitive genotypes. We showed that the projected canopy height a sensitive trait that truly reflects other invasively studied morphological, physiological, and metabolic traits and that our presented methodological setup can be easily applicable for large-scale screenings in low-cost systems equipped with a simple RGB camera. We believe that our approach will contribute to accelerate the study and understanding of the plant water stress response and recovery capacity in crops, such as barley.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cintia F. Marchetti
- Department of Molecular Biology, Centre of the Region of Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Lydia Ugena
- Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Jan F. Humplík
- Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Michal Polák
- Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Sanja Ćavar Zeljković
- Department of Phytochemistry, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia
- Department of Genetic Resources for Vegetables, Medicinal and Special Plants, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Crop Research Institute, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Kateřina Podlešáková
- Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Tomáš Fürst
- Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia
- Department of Mathematical Analysis and Applications of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Nuria De Diego
- Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Lukáš Spíchal
- Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia
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Cao H, Ji Y, Li S, Lu L, Tian M, Yang W, Li H. Extensive Metabolic Profiles of Leaves and Stems from the Medicinal Plant Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo. Metabolites 2019; 9:metabo9100215. [PMID: 31590300 PMCID: PMC6835975 DOI: 10.3390/metabo9100215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo is a commercially and pharmacologically highly prized species widely used in Western Asian countries. In contrast to the extensive genomic and transcriptomic resources generated in this medicinal species, detailed metabolomic data are still missing. Herein, using the widely targeted metabolomics approach, we detect 649 diverse metabolites in leaf and stem samples of D. officinale. The majority of these metabolites were organic acids, amino acids and their derivatives, nucleotides and their derivatives, and flavones. Though both organs contain similar metabolites, the metabolite profiles were quantitatively different. Stems, the organs preferentially exploited for herbal medicine, contained larger concentrations of many more metabolites than leaves. However, leaves contained higher levels of polyphenols and lipids. Overall, this study reports extensive metabolic data from leaves and stems of D. officinale, providing useful information that supports ongoing genomic research and discovery of bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Cao
- Institute of Flower Research, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.2238, Beijing Road, Kunming 650200, Yunnan, China.
- National Engineering Technology Research Center for Ornamental Horticulture, No. 2238, Beijing Road, Kunming 650200, Yunnan, China.
| | - Yulu Ji
- College of Landscape and Horticulture, Yunnan Agricultural University, No. 452, Fengyuan Road, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China.
| | - Shenchong Li
- Institute of Flower Research, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.2238, Beijing Road, Kunming 650200, Yunnan, China.
- National Engineering Technology Research Center for Ornamental Horticulture, No. 2238, Beijing Road, Kunming 650200, Yunnan, China.
| | - Lin Lu
- Institute of Flower Research, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.2238, Beijing Road, Kunming 650200, Yunnan, China.
- National Engineering Technology Research Center for Ornamental Horticulture, No. 2238, Beijing Road, Kunming 650200, Yunnan, China.
| | - Min Tian
- Institute of Flower Research, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.2238, Beijing Road, Kunming 650200, Yunnan, China.
- National Engineering Technology Research Center for Ornamental Horticulture, No. 2238, Beijing Road, Kunming 650200, Yunnan, China.
| | - Wei Yang
- Institute of Flower Research, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.2238, Beijing Road, Kunming 650200, Yunnan, China.
- National Engineering Technology Research Center for Ornamental Horticulture, No. 2238, Beijing Road, Kunming 650200, Yunnan, China.
| | - Han Li
- Institute of Flower Research, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.2238, Beijing Road, Kunming 650200, Yunnan, China.
- National Engineering Technology Research Center for Ornamental Horticulture, No. 2238, Beijing Road, Kunming 650200, Yunnan, China.
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Isah T. Stress and defense responses in plant secondary metabolites production. Biol Res 2019; 52:39. [PMID: 31358053 PMCID: PMC6661828 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-019-0246-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 420] [Impact Index Per Article: 84.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In the growth condition(s) of plants, numerous secondary metabolites (SMs) are produced by them to serve variety of cellular functions essential for physiological processes, and recent increasing evidences have implicated stress and defense response signaling in their production. The type and concentration(s) of secondary molecule(s) produced by a plant are determined by the species, genotype, physiology, developmental stage and environmental factors during growth. This suggests the physiological adaptive responses employed by various plant taxonomic groups in coping with the stress and defensive stimuli. The past recent decades had witnessed renewed interest to study abiotic factors that influence secondary metabolism during in vitro and in vivo growth of plants. Application of molecular biology tools and techniques are facilitating understanding the signaling processes and pathways involved in the SMs production at subcellular, cellular, organ and whole plant systems during in vivo and in vitro growth, with application in metabolic engineering of biosynthetic pathways intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasiu Isah
- Department of Botany, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Hamdard University, New Delhi, 110 062, India.
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