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Lin C, Huang C, Chang W, Chang Y, Liu H, Ng S, Lin H, Lee TM, Lee S, Wu S. Predicting suicidality in late-life depression by 3D convolutional neural network and cross-sample entropy analysis of resting-state fMRI. Brain Behav 2024; 14:e3348. [PMID: 38376042 PMCID: PMC10790060 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Predicting suicide is a pressing issue among older adults; however, predicting its risk is difficult. Capitalizing on the recent development of machine learning, considerable progress has been made in predicting complex behavior such as suicide. As depression remained the strongest risk for suicide, we aimed to apply deep learning algorithms to identify suicidality in a group with late-life depression (LLD). METHODS We enrolled 83 patients with LLD, 35 of which were non-suicidal and 48 were suicidal, including 26 with only suicidal ideation and 22 with past suicide attempts, for resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Cross-sample entropy (CSE) analysis was conducted to examine the complexity of MRI signals among brain regions. Three-dimensional (3D) convolutional neural networks (CNNs) were used, and the classification accuracy in each brain region was averaged to predict suicidality after sixfold cross-validation. RESULTS We found brain regions with a mean accuracy above 75% to predict suicidality located mostly in default mode, fronto-parietal, and cingulo-opercular resting-state networks. The models with right amygdala and left caudate provided the most reliable accuracy in all cross-validation folds, indicating their neurobiological importance in late-life suicide. CONCLUSION Combining CSE analysis and the 3D CNN, several brain regions were found to be associated with suicidality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chemin Lin
- Department of PsychiatryKeelung Chang Gung Memorial HospitalKeelungTaiwan
- College of MedicineChang Gung UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan
- Community Medicine Research CenterChang Gung Memorial HospitalKeelungTaiwan
| | - Chih‐Mao Huang
- Department of Biological Science and TechnologyNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityHsinchuTaiwan
| | - Wei Chang
- Department of Engineering and System ScienceNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchuTaiwan
| | - You‐Xun Chang
- Department of Engineering and System ScienceNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchuTaiwan
| | - Ho‐Ling Liu
- Community Medicine Research CenterChang Gung Memorial HospitalKeelungTaiwan
- Department of Imaging PhysicsUniversity of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Shu‐Hang Ng
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology GroupLinkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan
- Department of Diagnostic RadiologyLinkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan
| | - Huang‐Li Lin
- Department of PsychiatryLinkou Chang Gung Memorial HospitalTaoyuanTaiwan
| | - Tatia Mei‐Chun Lee
- Community Medicine Research CenterChang Gung Memorial HospitalKeelungTaiwan
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology and Human NeuroscienceThe University of Hong KongPok Fu LamHong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive ScienceThe University of Hong KongPok Fu LamHong Kong
| | - Shwu‐Hua Lee
- Department of PsychiatryLinkou Chang Gung Memorial HospitalTaoyuanTaiwan
| | - Shun‐Chi Wu
- Department of Engineering and System ScienceNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchuTaiwan
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Xie JQ, Tian Y, Hu J, Yin MZ, Sun YD, Shan YJ, Chen K, Feng G, Qiu J. The neural correlates of value hierarchies: a prospective typology based on personal value profiles of emerging adults. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1224911. [PMID: 38164257 PMCID: PMC10758175 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1224911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Value hierarchies, as motivational goals anchored in the self-schema, may be correlated with spontaneous activity in the resting brain, especially those involving self-relevance. This study aims to investigate the neural correlates of value hierarchies from the perspective of typology. Methods A total of 610 Chinese college students (30.31% women), aged 18 to 23, completed the personal values questionnaire and underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Results The latent profile analysis revealed three personal value profiles: traditional social orientation, modernized orientation, and undifferentiated orientation. Neuroimaging results revealed that individuals with modernized orientation prioritized openness to change value, and this personal-focus is related to the higher low-frequency amplitude of the posterior insula; individuals with traditional social orientation prioritized self-transcendence and conservation values, and this social-focus is related to the stronger functional connectivity of the middle insula with the inferior temporal gyrus, temporal gyrus, posterior occipital cortex, and basal ganglia, as well as weaker functional connections within the right middle insula. Discussion Taken together, these findings potentially indicate the intra-generational differentiation of contemporary Chinese emerging adults' value hierarchies. At the neural level, these are correlated with brain activities involved in processing self- and other-relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Qiong Xie
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yun Tian
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, China
- Sleep and NeuroImaging Center, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jia Hu
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ming-Ze Yin
- Faculty of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Office of Social Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ya-Dong Sun
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan-Jie Shan
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ke Chen
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gang Feng
- School of Marxism, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiang Qiu
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Southwest University Branch, Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment Toward Basic Education Quality at Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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Olson HA, Chen EM, Lydic KO, Saxe RR. Left-Hemisphere Cortical Language Regions Respond Equally to Observed Dialogue and Monologue. NEUROBIOLOGY OF LANGUAGE (CAMBRIDGE, MASS.) 2023; 4:575-610. [PMID: 38144236 PMCID: PMC10745132 DOI: 10.1162/nol_a_00123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Much of the language we encounter in our everyday lives comes in the form of conversation, yet the majority of research on the neural basis of language comprehension has used input from only one speaker at a time. Twenty adults were scanned while passively observing audiovisual conversations using functional magnetic resonance imaging. In a block-design task, participants watched 20 s videos of puppets speaking either to another puppet (the dialogue condition) or directly to the viewer (the monologue condition), while the audio was either comprehensible (played forward) or incomprehensible (played backward). Individually functionally localized left-hemisphere language regions responded more to comprehensible than incomprehensible speech but did not respond differently to dialogue than monologue. In a second task, participants watched videos (1-3 min each) of two puppets conversing with each other, in which one puppet was comprehensible while the other's speech was reversed. All participants saw the same visual input but were randomly assigned which character's speech was comprehensible. In left-hemisphere cortical language regions, the time course of activity was correlated only among participants who heard the same character speaking comprehensibly, despite identical visual input across all participants. For comparison, some individually localized theory of mind regions and right-hemisphere homologues of language regions responded more to dialogue than monologue in the first task, and in the second task, activity in some regions was correlated across all participants regardless of which character was speaking comprehensibly. Together, these results suggest that canonical left-hemisphere cortical language regions are not sensitive to differences between observed dialogue and monologue.
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Peterson M, Braga RM, Floris DL, Nielsen JA. Evidence for a Compensatory Relationship between Left- and Right-Lateralized Brain Networks. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.08.570817. [PMID: 38106130 PMCID: PMC10723397 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.08.570817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
The two hemispheres of the human brain are functionally asymmetric. At the network level, the language network exhibits left-hemisphere lateralization. While this asymmetry is widely replicated, the extent to which other functional networks demonstrate lateralization remains a subject of Investigation. Additionally, it is unknown how the lateralization of one functional network may affect the lateralization of other networks within individuals. We quantified lateralization for each of 17 networks by computing the relative surface area on the left and right cerebral hemispheres. After examining the ecological, convergent, and external validity and test-retest reliability of this surface area-based measure of lateralization, we addressed two hypotheses across multiple datasets (Human Connectome Project = 553, Human Connectome Project-Development = 343, Natural Scenes Dataset = 8). First, we hypothesized that networks associated with language, visuospatial attention, and executive control would show the greatest lateralization. Second, we hypothesized that relationships between lateralized networks would follow a dependent relationship such that greater left-lateralization of a network would be associated with greater right-lateralization of a different network within individuals, and that this pattern would be systematic across individuals. A language network was among the three networks identified as being significantly left-lateralized, and attention and executive control networks were among the five networks identified as being significantly right-lateralized. Next, correlation matrices, an exploratory factor analysis, and confirmatory factor analyses were used to test the second hypothesis and examine the organization of lateralized networks. We found general support for a dependent relationship between highly left- and right-lateralized networks, meaning that across subjects, greater left lateralization of a given network (such as a language network) was linked to greater right lateralization of another network (such as a ventral attention/salience network) and vice versa. These results further our understanding of brain organization at the macro-scale network level in individuals, carrying specific relevance for neurodevelopmental conditions characterized by disruptions in lateralization such as autism and schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline Peterson
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Rodrigo M. Braga
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Dorothea L. Floris
- Methods of Plasticity Research, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jared A. Nielsen
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
- Neuroscience Center, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84604, USA
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Whitcroft KL, Mancini L, Yousry T, Hummel T, Andrews PJ. Functional septorhinoplasty alters brain structure and function: Neuroanatomical correlates of olfactory dysfunction. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2023; 4:1079945. [PMID: 37089704 PMCID: PMC10117949 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2023.1079945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionWe previously demonstrated functionally significant structural plasticity within the central olfactory networks, in association with improved olfaction after surgical treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). In order to confirm and expand on these findings, the primary aim of this study was to determine whether these same regions undergo functionally significant structural plasticity following functional septorhinoplasty (fSRP), in patients with non-CRS olfactory dysfunction (OD) of mixed cause. fSRP has previously been shown to improve olfactory function, and the secondary aim of this study was to provide initial insights into the mechanism by which fSRP affects olfaction.MethodsWe performed a pilot prospective, multimodal neuroimaging study in 20 participants undergoing fSRP, including patients with non-CRS OD of mixed cause, as well as normosmic surgical controls. Participants underwent psychophysical olfactory testing, assessment of nasal airway, structural and functional neuroimaging. This was performed pre- and postoperatively in patients, and preoperatively in controls.ResultsThere was a statistically and clinically significant improvement in mean psychophysical olfactory scores after surgery. This was associated with structural and functional plasticity within areas of the central olfactory network (anterior cingulate, orbitofrontal cortex, insula, temporal pole). Improved psychophysical scores were significantly correlated with change in bilateral measures of nasal airflow, not measures of airflow symmetry, suggesting that improved overall airflow was more important than correction of septal deviation.ConclusionThis work highlights the importance of these neuroanatomical regions as potential structural correlates of olfactory function and dysfunction. Our results also provide initial insight into the mechanistic effects of fSRP on olfaction. Further work could investigate the utility of these regions as personalised biomarkers of OD, as well as the role of fSRP in treating OD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine L. Whitcroft
- UCL Ear Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for the Study of the Senses, Institute of Philosophy, School of Advanced Study, University of London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Rhinology and Facial Plastics, Royal National Throat Nose and Ear Hospital, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Correspondence: Katherine L. Whitcroft
| | - Laura Mancini
- Lysholm Department of Neuroradiology, the National Hospital for Neurology & Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tarek Yousry
- Lysholm Department of Neuroradiology, the National Hospital for Neurology & Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Hummel
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Peter J. Andrews
- UCL Ear Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Rhinology and Facial Plastics, Royal National Throat Nose and Ear Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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Jagger-Rickels A, Rothlein D, Stumps A, Evans TC, Bernstein J, Milberg W, McGlinchey R, DeGutis J, Esterman M. An executive function subtype of PTSD with unique neural markers and clinical trajectories. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:262. [PMID: 35760805 PMCID: PMC9237057 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-02011-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous work identified a cognitive subtype of PTSD with impaired executive function (i.e., impaired EF-PTSD subtype) and aberrant resting-state functional connectivity between frontal parietal control (FPCN) and limbic (LN) networks. To better characterize this cognitive subtype of PTSD, this study investigated (1) alterations in specific FPCN and LN subnetworks and (2) chronicity of PTSD symptoms. In a post-9/11 veteran sample (N = 368, 89% male), we identified EF subgroups using a standardized neuropsychological battery and a priori cutoffs for impaired, average, and above-average EF performance. Functional connectivity between two subnetworks of the FPCN and three subnetworks of the LN was assessed using resting-state fMRI (n = 314). PTSD chronicity over a 1-2-year period was assessed using a reliable change index (n = 175). The impaired EF-PTSD subtype had significantly reduced negative functional connectivity between the FPCN subnetwork involved in top-down control of emotion and two LN subnetworks involved in learning/memory and social/emotional processing. This impaired EF-PTSD subtype had relatively chronic PTSD, while those with above-average EF and PTSD displayed greater symptom reduction. Lastly, FPCN-LN subnetworks partially mediated the relationship between EF and PTSD chronicity (n = 121). This study reveals (1) that an impaired EF-PTSD subtype has a specific pattern of FPCN-LN subnetwork connectivity, (2) a novel above-average EF-PTSD subtype displays reduced PTSD chronicity, and (3) both cognitive and neural functioning predict PTSD chronicity. The results indicate a need to investigate how individuals with this impaired EF-PTSD subtype respond to treatment, and how they might benefit from personalized and novel approaches that target these neurocognitive systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audreyana Jagger-Rickels
- National Center for PTSD (NCPTSD), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA. .,Boston Attention and Learning Lab (BALLAB), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA. .,Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - David Rothlein
- grid.410370.10000 0004 4657 1992National Center for PTSD (NCPTSD), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA USA ,grid.410370.10000 0004 4657 1992Boston Attention and Learning Lab (BALLAB), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA USA
| | - Anna Stumps
- grid.410370.10000 0004 4657 1992Boston Attention and Learning Lab (BALLAB), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA USA ,grid.33489.350000 0001 0454 4791Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE USA ,grid.410370.10000 0004 4657 1992Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders (TRACTS), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA USA
| | - Travis Clark Evans
- grid.410370.10000 0004 4657 1992Boston Attention and Learning Lab (BALLAB), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA USA ,grid.189504.10000 0004 1936 7558Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA USA
| | - John Bernstein
- grid.410370.10000 0004 4657 1992Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders (TRACTS), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA USA
| | - William Milberg
- grid.410370.10000 0004 4657 1992Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders (TRACTS), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA ,grid.410370.10000 0004 4657 1992Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA USA
| | - Regina McGlinchey
- grid.410370.10000 0004 4657 1992Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders (TRACTS), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA ,grid.410370.10000 0004 4657 1992Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA USA
| | - Joseph DeGutis
- grid.410370.10000 0004 4657 1992Boston Attention and Learning Lab (BALLAB), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA USA ,grid.410370.10000 0004 4657 1992Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders (TRACTS), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Michael Esterman
- grid.410370.10000 0004 4657 1992National Center for PTSD (NCPTSD), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA USA ,grid.410370.10000 0004 4657 1992Boston Attention and Learning Lab (BALLAB), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA USA ,grid.189504.10000 0004 1936 7558Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA USA ,grid.410370.10000 0004 4657 1992Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders (TRACTS), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA USA ,grid.410370.10000 0004 4657 1992Neuroimaging Research for Veterans (NeRVe) Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA USA
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Luo S, Zhu Y, Han S. Functional connectome fingerprint of holistic-analytic cultural style. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2022; 17:172-186. [PMID: 34160613 PMCID: PMC8847908 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsab080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Although research in the field of cultural psychology and cultural neuroscience has revealed that culture is an important factor related to the human behaviors and neural activities in various tasks, it remains unclear how different brain regions organize together to construct a topological network for the representation of individual's cultural tendency. In this study, we examined the hypothesis that resting-state brain network properties can reflect individual's cultural background or tendency. By combining the methods of resting-state magnetic resonance imaging and graph theoretical analysis, significant cultural differences between participants from Eastern and Western cultures were found in the degree and global efficiency of regions mainly within the default mode network and subcortical network. Furthermore, the holistic-analytic thinking style, as a cultural value, provided a partial explanation for the cultural differences on various nodal metrics. Validation analyses further confirmed that these network properties effectively predicted the tendency of holistic-analytic cultural style within a group (r = 0.23) and accurately classified cultural groups (65%). The current study establishes a neural connectome representation of holistic-analytic cultural style including the topological brain network properties of regions in the default mode network, the basal ganglia and amygdala, which enable accurate cultural group membership classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyang Luo
- Department of Psychology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience and Mental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yiyi Zhu
- Department of Psychology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience and Mental Health, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Shihui Han
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100080, China
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Guo P, Hu S, Jiang X, Zheng H, Mo D, Cao X, Zhu J, Zhong H. Associations of Neurocognition and Social Cognition With Brain Structure and Function in Early-Onset Schizophrenia. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:798105. [PMID: 35222115 PMCID: PMC8866448 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.798105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive impairment is a core feature of schizophrenia that is more serious in patients with early-onset schizophrenia (EOS). However, the neuroimaging basis of cognitive functions, including neurocognition and social cognition, remains unclear in patients with EOS. METHODS Forty-three patients with EOS underwent structural and resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans. Brain structure and function were evaluated through the analysis of brain gray matter volume (GMV) and amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF). They underwent comprehensive assessments for neurocognition (verbal memory, verbal expression, attention, and executive function) and social cognition (theory of mind and attributional bias). Correlation analyses were conducted to detect the potential link between cognitive function indices and brain imaging parameters. RESULTS First, neurocognition was linked to brain structure characterized by higher immediate recall scores associated with increased GMV in the left temporal pole, higher verbal fluency scores associated with increased GMV in the left temporal pole: middle temporal gyrus, and higher Stroop-word scores associated with increased GMV in the right middle frontal gyrus. Second, social cognition was related to brain function characterized by lower sense of reality scores associated with increased ALFF in the left precentral gyrus, higher scores of accidental hostility bias associated with increased ALFF in the right middle temporal gyrus, and higher scores of accidental aggression bias associated with increased ALFF in the left precentral gyrus. CONCLUSION These findings may add to the existing knowledge about the cognitive function-brain relationship. They may have clinical significance for studying the mechanism of neurocognitive and social cognitive impairment in patients with EOS and providing potential neural targets for their treatment and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Guo
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Disorder, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shuwen Hu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Disorder, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaolu Jiang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Disorder, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hongyu Zheng
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Disorder, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Daming Mo
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Disorder, Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaomei Cao
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Disorder, Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, China
| | - Jiajia Zhu
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hui Zhong
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Disorder, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Disorder, Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, China
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Liu L, Fan J, Zhan H, Huang J, Cao R, Xiang X, Tian S, Ren H, Tong M, Li Q. Abnormal regional signal in the left cerebellum as a potential neuroimaging biomarker of sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:967391. [PMID: 35935421 PMCID: PMC9354585 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.967391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE While prior reports have characterized visible changes in neuroimaging findings in individuals suffering from sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL), the utility of regional homogeneity (ReHo) as a means of diagnosing SSNHL has yet to be established. The present study was thus conducted to assess ReHo abnormalities in SSNHL patients and to establish whether these abnormalities offer value as a diagnostic neuroimaging biomarker of SSNHL through a support vector machine (SVM) analysis approach. METHODS Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) analyses of 27 SSNHL patients and 27 normal controls were conducted, with the resultant imaging data then being analyzed based on a combination of ReHo and SVM approaches. RESULTS Relative to normal control individuals, patients diagnosed with SSNHL exhibited significant reductions in ReHo values in the left cerebellum, bilateral inferior temporal gyrus (ITG), left superior temporal pole (STP), right parahippocampal gyrus (PHG), left posterior cingulum cortex (PCC), and right superior frontal gyrus (SFG). SVM analyses suggested that reduced ReHo values in the left cerebellum were associated with high levels of diagnostic accuracy (96.30%, 52/54), sensitivity (92.59%, 25/27), and specificity (100.00%, 27/27) when distinguishing between SSNHL patients and control individuals. CONCLUSION These data suggest that SSNHL patients exhibit abnormal resting-state neurological activity, with changes in the ReHo of the left cerebellum offering value as a diagnostic neuroimaging biomarker associated with this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Tianyou Hospital, Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Fan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Tianyou Hospital, Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Zhan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Tianyou Hospital, Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Junli Huang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Tianyou Hospital, Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Cao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Tianyou Hospital, Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoran Xiang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Tianyou Hospital, Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuai Tian
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Tianyou Hospital, Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongwei Ren
- Department of Medical Imaging, Tianyou Hospital, Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Miao Tong
- Department of Stomatology, Tianyou Hospital, Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Tianyou Hospital, Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Shany O, Greental A, Gilam G, Perry D, Bleich-Cohen M, Ovadia M, Cohen A, Raz G. Somatic engagement alters subsequent neurobehavioral correlates of affective mentalizing. Hum Brain Mapp 2021; 42:5846-5861. [PMID: 34651382 PMCID: PMC8596949 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Socio‐emotional encounters involve a resonance of others' affective states, known as affect sharing (AS); and attribution of mental states to others, known as theory‐of‐mind (ToM). Empathy necessitates the integration of both processes, yet their interaction during emotional episodes and subsequent generation of inferences on others' affective states has rarely been tested. To address this, we developed a novel experimental design, wherein we manipulated AS by presenting nonverbal emotionally negative movies twice—each time accompanied by one of two soundtracks that accentuated either somatic cues or externally generated sounds. Movies were followed by questions addressing affective‐ToM (emotional inferences), cognitive‐ToM (inferences on beliefs and knowledge), and non‐ToM aspects. Results revealed a neural differentiation between AS, affective‐ToM, and cognitive‐ToM. AS movies activated regions that have been implicated in emotional (e.g., amygdala) and somatosensory processing, and synchronized brain activity between participants in the latter. Affective‐ToM activated the middle insula, limbic regions, and both ventral and dorsal portions of the medial prefrontal cortex (ventral medial prefrontal cortex [VMPFC] and dorsal medial prefrontal cortex [DMPFC], respectively), whereas cognitive‐ToM activated posteromedial and lateral–prefrontal and temporal cortices. Critically, AS movies specifically altered neural activation in AS and ToM‐related regions during subsequent affective‐ToM inferences, most notably in the DMPFC. Moreover, DMPFC–VMPFC connectivity correlated with affective‐ToM accuracy, when such questions followed AS movies. Our results associate empathic processes with designated neural activations and shed light on how neuro‐behavioral indices of affective ToM are shaped by preceding somatic engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ofir Shany
- School of Psychological Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Sagol Brain Institute, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Ayam Greental
- School of Psychological Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Sagol Brain Institute, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Gadi Gilam
- Division of Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Daniella Perry
- Sagol Brain Institute, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Maya Bleich-Cohen
- Sagol Brain Institute, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Moran Ovadia
- Sagol Brain Institute, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Steve Tisch School of Film and Television, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Avihay Cohen
- Sagol Brain Institute, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Gal Raz
- Sagol Brain Institute, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Steve Tisch School of Film and Television, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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11
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Ross D, Wagshul ME, Izzetoglu M, Holtzer R. Prefrontal cortex activation during dual-task walking in older adults is moderated by thickness of several cortical regions. GeroScience 2021; 43:1959-1974. [PMID: 34165696 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-021-00379-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dual tasking, a defined facet of executive control processes, is subserved, in part, by the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Previous functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) studies revealed elevated PFC oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO2) under Dual-Task-Walk (DTW) compared to Single-Task Walk (STW) conditions. Based on the concept of neural inefficiency (i.e., greater activation coupled with similar or worse performance), we hypothesized that decreased cortical thickness across multiple brain regions would be associated with greater HbO2 increases from STW to DTW. Participants were 55 healthy community-dwelling older adults, whose cortical thickness was measured via MRI. HbO2 levels in the PFC, measured via fNIRS, were assessed during active walking under STW and DTW conditions. Statistical analyses were adjusted for demographics and behavioral performance. Linear mixed-effects models revealed that the increase in HbO2 from STW to DTW was moderated by cortical thickness in several regions. Specifically, thinner cortex in specific regions of the frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes, cingulate cortex, and insula was associated with greater increases in HbO2 levels from single to dual-task walking. In conclusion, participants with thinner cortex in regions implicated in higher order control of walking employed greater neural resources, as measured by increased HbO2, in the PFC during DTW, without demonstrating benefits to behavioral performance. To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine cortical thickness as a marker of neural inefficiency during active walking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daliah Ross
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, 1225 Morris Park Avenue, Van Etten Building, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Mark E Wagshul
- Department of Radiology, Gruss Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Meltem Izzetoglu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Villanova University, Villanova, PA, USA
| | - Roee Holtzer
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, 1225 Morris Park Avenue, Van Etten Building, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA. .,Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
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12
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Dhamala E, Jamison KW, Jaywant A, Dennis S, Kuceyeski A. Distinct functional and structural connections predict crystallised and fluid cognition in healthy adults. Hum Brain Mapp 2021; 42:3102-3118. [PMID: 33830577 PMCID: PMC8193532 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
White matter pathways between neurons facilitate neuronal coactivation patterns in the brain. Insight into how these structural and functional connections underlie complex cognitive functions provides an important foundation with which to delineate disease‐related changes in cognitive functioning. Here, we integrate neuroimaging, connectomics, and machine learning approaches to explore how functional and structural brain connectivity relate to cognition. Specifically, we evaluate the extent to which functional and structural connectivity predict individual crystallised and fluid cognitive abilities in 415 unrelated healthy young adults (202 females) from the Human Connectome Project. We report three main findings. First, we demonstrate functional connectivity is more predictive of cognitive scores than structural connectivity, and, furthermore, integrating the two modalities does not increase explained variance. Second, we show the quality of cognitive prediction from connectome measures is influenced by the choice of grey matter parcellation, and, possibly, how that parcellation is derived. Third, we find that distinct functional and structural connections predict crystallised and fluid abilities. Taken together, our results suggest that functional and structural connectivity have unique relationships with crystallised and fluid cognition and, furthermore, studying both modalities provides a more comprehensive insight into the neural correlates of cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvisha Dhamala
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA.,Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Keith W Jamison
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Abhishek Jaywant
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA.,NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sarah Dennis
- Sarah Lawrence College, Bronxville, New York, USA
| | - Amy Kuceyeski
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA.,Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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13
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Abstract
A birth-to-adulthood study tested the effects of maternal–newborn contact and synchronous caregiving on the social processing brain in human adults. For two decades, we followed preterm and full-term neonates, who received or lacked initial maternal bodily contact, repeatedly observing mother–child social synchrony. We measured the brain basis of affect-specific empathy in young adulthood to pinpoint regions sensitive to others’ distinct emotions. Maternal–newborn contact enhanced social synchrony across development, which, in turn, predicted amygdalar and insular sensitivity to emotion-specific empathy. Findings demonstrate the long-term effects of maternal caregiving in humans, similar to their role in other mammals, particularly in tuning core regions implicated in salience detection, simulation, and interoception that sustain empathy and human attachment. Mammalian young are born with immature brain and rely on the mother’s body and caregiving behavior for maturation of neurobiological systems that sustain adult sociality. While research in animal models indicated the long-term effects of maternal contact and caregiving on the adult brain, little is known about the effects of maternal–newborn contact and parenting behavior on social brain functioning in human adults. We followed human neonates, including premature infants who initially lacked or received maternal–newborn skin-to-skin contact and full-term controls, from birth to adulthood, repeatedly observing mother–child social synchrony at key developmental nodes. We tested the brain basis of affect-specific empathy in young adulthood and utilized multivariate techniques to distinguish brain regions sensitive to others’ distinct emotions from those globally activated by the empathy task. The amygdala, insula, temporal pole (TP), and ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC) showed high sensitivity to others’ distinct emotions. Provision of maternal–newborn contact enhanced social synchrony across development from infancy and up until adulthood. The experience of synchrony, in turn, predicted the brain’s sensitivity to emotion-specific empathy in the amygdala and insula, core structures of the social brain. Social synchrony linked with greater empathic understanding in adolescence, which was longitudinally associated with higher neural sensitivity to emotion-specific empathy in TP and VMPFC. Findings demonstrate the centrality of synchronous caregiving, by which infants practice the detection and sharing of others’ affective states, for tuning the human social brain, particularly in regions implicated in salience detection, interoception, and mentalization that underpin affect sharing and human attachment.
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14
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Fujimori J, Fujihara K, Wattjes M, Nakashima I. Patterns of cortical grey matter thickness reduction in multiple sclerosis. Brain Behav 2021; 11:e02050. [PMID: 33506628 PMCID: PMC8035454 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the patterns of cortical gray matter thickness in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. METHODS Seventy-four MS patients-clinically isolated syndrome (4%), relapsing-remitting MS (79%), and progressive MS (17%)-and 21 healthy controls (HCs) underwent 1.5 Tesla T1-weighted 3D MRI examinations to measure brain cortical thickness in a total of 68 regions of interest. Using hierarchical cluster analysis with multivariate cortical thickness data, cortical thickness reduction patterns were cross-sectionally investigated in MS patients. RESULTS The MS patients were grouped into three major clusters (Clusters 1, 2, and 3). Most of the regional cortical thickness values were equivalent between the HCs and Cluster 1, but decreased in the order of Clusters 2 and 3. Only the thicknesses of the temporal lobe cortices (the bilateral superior and left middle temporal cortex, as well as the left fusiform cortex) were significantly different among Clusters 1, 2, and 3. In contrast, temporal pole thickness reduction was evident exclusively in Cluster 3, which was also characterized by increased lesion loads in the temporal pole and the adjacent juxtacortical white matter, dilatation of the inferior horn of the lateral ventricle, severe whole-brain volume reduction, and longer disease duration. Although cortical atrophy was significantly more common in the progressive phase, approximately half of the MS patients with the severe cortical atrophy pattern had relapsing-remitting disease. CONCLUSION Cortical thickness reduction patterns in MS are mostly characterized by the degree of temporal lobe cortical atrophy, which may start in the relapsing-remitting phase. Among the temporal lobe cortices, the neurodegenerative change may accelerate in the temporal pole in the progressive phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juichi Fujimori
- Division of Neurology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kazuo Fujihara
- Department of Multiple Sclerosis Therapeutics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Multiple Sclerosis Therapeutics, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine and Multiple Sclerosis and Neuromyelitis Optica Center, Southern Tohoku Research Institute for Neuroscience, Koriyama, Japan
| | - Mike Wattjes
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ichiro Nakashima
- Division of Neurology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
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15
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Beer JC, Smith AR, Jarcho JM, Chen G, Reynolds RC, Pine DS, Nelson EE. Anxiously elaborating the social percept: Anxiety and age differences in functional connectivity of the fusiform face area in a peer evaluation paradigm. AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ajpy.12130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joanne C. Beer
- Section on Development and Affective Neuroscience, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA,
| | - Ashley R. Smith
- Section on Development and Affective Neuroscience, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA,
| | - Johanna M. Jarcho
- Section on Development and Affective Neuroscience, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA,
| | - Gang Chen
- Scientific and Statistical Computing Core, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA,
| | - Richard C. Reynolds
- Scientific and Statistical Computing Core, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA,
| | - Daniel S. Pine
- Section on Development and Affective Neuroscience, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA,
| | - Eric E. Nelson
- Section on Development and Affective Neuroscience, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA,
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16
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Gur RC, Butler ER, Moore TM, Rosen AFG, Ruparel K, Satterthwaite TD, Roalf DR, Gennatas ED, Bilker WB, Shinohara RT, Port A, Elliott MA, Verma R, Davatzikos C, Wolf DH, Detre JA, Gur RE. Structural and Functional Brain Parameters Related to Cognitive Performance Across Development: Replication and Extension of the Parieto-Frontal Integration Theory in a Single Sample. Cereb Cortex 2020; 31:1444-1463. [PMID: 33119049 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The parieto-frontal integration theory (PFIT) identified a fronto-parietal network of regions where individual differences in brain parameters most strongly relate to cognitive performance. PFIT was supported and extended in adult samples, but not in youths or within single-scanner well-powered multimodal studies. We performed multimodal neuroimaging in 1601 youths age 8-22 on the same 3-Tesla scanner with contemporaneous neurocognitive assessment, measuring volume, gray matter density (GMD), mean diffusivity (MD), cerebral blood flow (CBF), resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging measures of the amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (ALFFs) and regional homogeneity (ReHo), and activation to a working memory and a social cognition task. Across age and sex groups, better performance was associated with higher volumes, greater GMD, lower MD, lower CBF, higher ALFF and ReHo, and greater activation for the working memory task in PFIT regions. However, additional cortical, striatal, limbic, and cerebellar regions showed comparable effects, hence PFIT needs expansion into an extended PFIT (ExtPFIT) network incorporating nodes that support motivation and affect. Associations of brain parameters became stronger with advancing age group from childhood to adolescence to young adulthood, effects occurring earlier in females. This ExtPFIT network is developmentally fine-tuned, optimizing abundance and integrity of neural tissue while maintaining a low resting energy state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben C Gur
- Brain Behavior Laboratory and the Neurodevelopment and Psychosis Section, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ellyn R Butler
- Brain Behavior Laboratory and the Neurodevelopment and Psychosis Section, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Tyler M Moore
- Brain Behavior Laboratory and the Neurodevelopment and Psychosis Section, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Adon F G Rosen
- Brain Behavior Laboratory and the Neurodevelopment and Psychosis Section, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kosha Ruparel
- Brain Behavior Laboratory and the Neurodevelopment and Psychosis Section, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Theodore D Satterthwaite
- Brain Behavior Laboratory and the Neurodevelopment and Psychosis Section, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - David R Roalf
- Brain Behavior Laboratory and the Neurodevelopment and Psychosis Section, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Efstathios D Gennatas
- Brain Behavior Laboratory and the Neurodevelopment and Psychosis Section, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Warren B Bilker
- Brain Behavior Laboratory and the Neurodevelopment and Psychosis Section, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Russell T Shinohara
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Allison Port
- Brain Behavior Laboratory and the Neurodevelopment and Psychosis Section, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Mark A Elliott
- Brain Behavior Laboratory and the Neurodevelopment and Psychosis Section, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ragini Verma
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Christos Davatzikos
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Daniel H Wolf
- Brain Behavior Laboratory and the Neurodevelopment and Psychosis Section, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - John A Detre
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Raquel E Gur
- Brain Behavior Laboratory and the Neurodevelopment and Psychosis Section, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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17
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Pandria N, Athanasiou A, Konstantara L, Karagianni M, Bamidis PD. Advances in biofeedback and neurofeedback studies on smoking. Neuroimage Clin 2020; 28:102397. [PMID: 32947225 PMCID: PMC7502375 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Smoking is a leading cause of morbidity and premature death constituting a global health challenge. Although, pharmacological and behavioral approaches comprise the mainstay of smoking cessation interventions, the efficacy and safety of pharmacotherapy is not demonstrated for some populations. Non-pharmacological approaches, such as biofeedback (BF) and neurofeedback (NF) could facilitate self-regulation of predisposing factors of relapse such as craving and stress. The current review aims to aggregate the existing evidence regarding the effects of BF and NF training on smokers. Relevant studies were identified through searching in Scopus, PubMed and Cochrane Library, and through hand-searching the references of screened articles. Peer-reviewed controlled and uncontrolled studies, where BF and/or NF training was administered, were included and evaluated according to PICOS framework. Narrative qualitative synthesis of ten eligible studies was performed, aggregated into three categories according to training provided. BF outcomes seem to be affected by smoking behavior prior to training; individualized EEG NF training holds promise for modulating craving-related response while minimizing the required number of sessions. Real-time fMRI NF studies concluded that nicotine-dependent individuals could modulate craving-related brain responses, while mixed results were revealed regarding smokers' ability to modulate brain responses related to resistance towards the urge to smoke. BF and NF training seem to facilitate modulation of autonomous and/or central nervous system activity while also transferring this learned self-regulation to behavioral outcomes. BF and NF training should a) address remaining issues on specificity and scientific validity, b) target diverse demographics, and c) produce robust reproducible methodologies and clinical guidelines for relevant health care providers, in order to be considered as viable complementary tools to standard smoking cessation care.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Pandria
- Lab of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTH), Thessaloniki, Greece; Northern Greece Neurofeedback Center, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - A Athanasiou
- Lab of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTH), Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - L Konstantara
- Lab of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTH), Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - M Karagianni
- Lab of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTH), Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - P D Bamidis
- Lab of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTH), Thessaloniki, Greece.
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18
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A voxel-based analysis of cerebral blood flow abnormalities in obsessive-compulsive disorder using pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling MRI. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236512. [PMID: 32706796 PMCID: PMC7380600 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To identify abnormalities of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) by conducting a voxel-based analysis of pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (pCASL) perfusion images. Materials and methods This prospective study included 23 OCD patients (nine males, 14 females; age 21–62 years; mean ± SD 37.2 ± 10.7 years) diagnosed based on DSM-IV-TR criteria and 64 healthy controls (27 males, 37 females; age 20–64 years; mean ± SD 38.3 ± 12.8 years). Subjects were recruited from October 2011 to August 2017. Imaging was performed on a 3T scanner. Quantitative rCBF maps generated from pCASL images were co-registered and resliced with the three-dimensional T1-weighted images, and then spatially normalized to a brain template and smoothed. We used statistical nonparametric mapping to assess the differences in rCBF and gray matter volume between the OCD and control groups. The significance level was set at the p-value <0.05 with family-wise error rate correction for multiple comparisons. Results Compared to the control group, there were significant rCBF reductions in the right putamen, right frontal operculum, left midcingulate cortex, and right temporal pole in the OCD group. There were no significant between-group differences in the gray matter volume. Conclusion The pCASL imaging noninvasively detected physiologically disrupted areas without structural abnormalities in OCD patients. The rCBF reductions observed in these regions in OCD patients could be associated with the pathophysiology of OCD.
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19
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Revuelta P, Ortiz T, Lucía MJ, Ruiz B, Sánchez-Pena JM. Limitations of Standard Accessible Captioning of Sounds and Music for Deaf and Hard of Hearing People: An EEG Study. Front Integr Neurosci 2020; 14:1. [PMID: 32132904 PMCID: PMC7040021 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2020.00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Captioning is the process of transcribing speech and acoustical information into text to help deaf and hard of hearing people accessing to the auditory track of audiovisual media. In addition to the verbal transcription, it includes information such as sound effects, speaker identification, or music tagging. However, it just takes into account a limited spectrum of the whole acoustic information available in the soundtrack, and hence, an important amount of emotional information is lost when attending just to the normative compliant captions. In this article, it is shown, by means of behavioral and EEG measurements, how emotional information related to sounds and music used by the creator in the audiovisual work is perceived differently by normal hearing group and hearing disabled group when applying standard captioning. Audio and captions activate similar processing areas, respectively, in each group, although not with the same intensity. Moreover, captions require higher activation of voluntary attentional circuits, as well as language-related areas. Captions transcribing musical information increase attentional activity, instead of emotional processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Revuelta
- Department of Computer Science, Oviedo University, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Tomás Ortiz
- Department of Psychiatric, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - María J Lucía
- Spanish Center for Captioning and Audiodescription, Carlos III University of Madrid, Leganés, Spain.,Department of Computer Science, Carlos III University of Madrid, Leganés, Spain
| | - Belén Ruiz
- Spanish Center for Captioning and Audiodescription, Carlos III University of Madrid, Leganés, Spain
| | - José Manuel Sánchez-Pena
- Spanish Center for Captioning and Audiodescription, Carlos III University of Madrid, Leganés, Spain
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20
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Hu G, Hu X, Yang K, Liu D, Xue C, Liu Y, Xiao C, Zou Y, Liu H, Chen J. Restructuring of contralateral gray matter volume associated with cognition in patients with unilateral temporal lobe glioma before and after surgery. Hum Brain Mapp 2019; 41:1786-1796. [PMID: 31883293 PMCID: PMC7268035 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma can cause variable alterations to the structure and function of the brain. However, there is a paucity of studies on the gray matter (GM) volume alterations in the brain region opposite the temporal glioma before and after surgery. Therefore, the present study was initiated to investigate the alternation in contralateral homotopic GM volume in patients with unilateral temporal lobe glioma and further, assess the relationship between GM volume alternations with cognition. Eight left temporal lobe glioma patients (LTPs), nine right temporal lobe glioma patients (RTPs), and 28 demographically matched healthy controls (HCs) were included. Using voxel‐based morphometry method, alternations in the contralateral homotopic GM volume in patients with unilateral temporal lobe glioma was determined. Furthermore, the correlation analysis was performed to explore the relationship between cognitive function and altered GM volume. In the preoperative analysis, compared to HCs, LTPs exhibited increased GM volume in right inferior temporal gyrus and right temporal pole (superior temporal gyrus), and, RTPs presented increased GM volume in left inferior temporal gyrus. In the postoperative analysis, compared to HCs, RTPs presented increased GM volume in left middle temporal gyrus. Furthermore, the increased GM volume was significantly positively correlated with the memory test but negatively correlated with the visuospatial test. This study preliminarily confirmed that there were compensatory changes in the GM volume in the contralateral temporal lobe in unilateral temporal lobe glioma patients. Furthermore, alterations of GM volume may be a mechanism for cognitive function compensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanjie Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinhua Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Institute of Brain Functional Imaging, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongming Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chen Xue
- Institute of Brain Functional Imaging, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chaoyong Xiao
- Institute of Brain Functional Imaging, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuanjie Zou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Institute of Brain Functional Imaging, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongyi Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Institute of Brain Functional Imaging, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiu Chen
- Institute of Brain Functional Imaging, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Institute of Neuropsychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Fourth Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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21
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Jaspers-Fayer F, Lin SY, Chan E, Ellwyn R, Lim R, Best J, Belschner L, Lang D, Heran MKM, Woodward TS, Stewart SE. Neural correlates of symptom provocation in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2019; 24:102034. [PMID: 31734533 PMCID: PMC6861668 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.102034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Largest controlled pediatric OCD symptom provocation study. Novel standardized symptom provocation picture set for pediatric OCD. Behavioral group differences strongest for ‘Just Right’ factor. Temporal pole recruited by OCD group.
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)-affected adults and children exhibit three to four symptom dimensions with distinct but overlapping neural correlates. No symptom provocation behavioural or imaging study has examined all symptom dimensions in a pediatric OCD sample. Method Clinically diagnosed pediatric OCD-affected participants (n = 25) as well as age, gender and Tanner pubertal stage-matched healthy controls (HCs; n = 24) (total sample: mean age = 14.77 ± 2.93 years; age range = 9–18 years; 35% male) viewed alternating blocks of OCD symptom provocation (Contamination, Bad Thoughts, and Just Right symptom dimensions), Fear, Neutral and Rest (i.e. fixation) conditions during functional magnetic resonance imaging. A region-of-interest analysis used seeds based upon results of an adult OCD meta-analysis Results OCD participants found OCD symptom-related stimuli bothersome, particularly when compared to controls in the “Just Right” symptom dimension. Pediatric OCD patients exhibited greater recruitment of the left superior temporal gyrus (STG) than healthy controls during combined symptom provocation versus neutral conditions. Conclusion Findings suggest involvement of the temporal poles rather than in classic cortico-striatal-thalamico-cortical circuits in pediatric OCD during symptom provocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fern Jaspers-Fayer
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Sarah Yao Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Elaine Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Rhonda Ellwyn
- British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Ryan Lim
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - John Best
- British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Laura Belschner
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Donna Lang
- British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Manraj K M Heran
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Todd S Woodward
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - S Evelyn Stewart
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada; Provincial Health Services Authority, British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada.
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22
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Ho AMC, Winham SJ, Armasu SM, Blacker CJ, Millischer V, Lavebratt C, Overholser JC, Jurjus GJ, Dieter L, Mahajan G, Rajkowska G, Vallender EJ, Stockmeier CA, Robertson KD, Frye MA, Choi DS, Veldic M. Genome-wide DNA methylomic differences between dorsolateral prefrontal and temporal pole cortices of bipolar disorder. J Psychiatr Res 2019; 117:45-54. [PMID: 31279243 PMCID: PMC6941851 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and temporal pole (TP) are brain regions that display abnormalities in bipolar disorder (BD) patients. DNA methylation - an epigenetic mechanism both heritable and sensitive to the environment - may be involved in the pathophysiology of BD. To study BD-associated DNA methylomic differences in these brain regions, we extracted genomic DNA from the postmortem tissues of Brodmann Area (BA) 9 (DLPFC) and BA38 (TP) gray matter from 20 BD, ten major depression (MDD), and ten control age-and-sex-matched subjects. Genome-wide methylation levels were measured using the 850 K Illumina MethylationEPIC BeadChip. We detected striking differences between cortical regions, with greater numbers of between-brain-region differentially methylated positions (DMPs; i.e., CpG sites) in all groups, most pronounced in the BD group, and with substantial overlap across groups. The genes of DMPs common to both BD and MDD (hypothetically associated with their common features such as depression) and those distinct to BD (hypothetically associated with BD-specific features such as mania) were enriched in pathways involved in neurodevelopment including axon guidance. Pathways enriched only in the BD-MDD shared list pointed to GABAergic dysregulation, while those enriched in the BD-only list suggested glutamatergic dysregulation and greater impact on synaptogenesis and synaptic plasticity. We further detected group-specific between-brain-region gene expression differences in ODC1, CALY, GALNT2, and GABRD, which contained significant between-brain-region DMPs. In each brain region, no significant DMPs or differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were found between diagnostic groups. In summary, the methylation differences between DLPFC and TP may provide molecular targets for further investigations of genetic and environmental vulnerabilities associated with both unique and common features of various mood disorders and suggest directions of future development of individualized treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ada M.-C. Ho
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic,
Rochester, MN, USA,Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental
Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Stacey J. Winham
- Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic,
Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Caren J. Blacker
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic,
Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Vincent Millischer
- Department for Molecular Medicine and Surgery (MMK),
Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University
Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Catharina Lavebratt
- Department for Molecular Medicine and Surgery (MMK),
Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University
Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - James C. Overholser
- Department of Psychology, Case Western Reserve University,
Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - George J. Jurjus
- Department of Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University,
Cleveland, OH, USA,Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH,
USA
| | - Lesa Dieter
- Department of Psychology, Case Western Reserve University,
Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Gouri Mahajan
- Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi
Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Grazyna Rajkowska
- Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi
Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Eric J. Vallender
- Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi
Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Craig A. Stockmeier
- Department of Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University,
Cleveland, OH, USA,Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi
Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Keith D. Robertson
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental
Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Mark A. Frye
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic,
Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Doo-Sup Choi
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic,
Rochester, MN, USA,Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental
Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Marin Veldic
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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23
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Groefsema MM, Mies GW, Cousijn J, Engels RCME, Sescousse G, Luijten M. Brain responses and approach bias to social alcohol cues and their association with drinking in a social setting in young adult males. Eur J Neurosci 2019; 51:1491-1503. [PMID: 31498505 PMCID: PMC7155040 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol is mainly consumed in social settings, in which people often adapt their drinking behaviour to that of others, also called imitation of drinking. Yet, it remains unclear what drives this drinking in a social setting. In this study, we expected to see stronger brain and behavioural responses to social compared to non-social alcohol cues, and these responses to be associated with drinking in a social setting. The sample consisted of 153 beer-drinking males, aged 18-25 years. Brain responses to social alcohol cues were measured during an alcohol cue-exposure task performed in an fMRI scanner. Behavioural responses to social alcohol cues were measured using a stimulus-response compatibility task, providing an index of approach bias towards these cues. Drinking in a social setting was measured in a laboratory mimicking a bar environment. Specific brain responses to social alcohol cues were observed in the bilateral superior temporal sulcus and the left inferior parietal lobe. There was no approach bias towards social alcohol cues specifically; however, we did find an approach bias towards alcohol (versus soda) cues in general. Brain responses and approach bias towards social alcohol cues were unrelated and not associated with actual drinking. Thus, we found no support for a relation between drinking in a social setting on the one hand, and brain cue-reactivity or behavioural approach biases to social alcohol cues on the other hand. This suggests that, in contrast to our hypothesis, drinking in a social setting may not be driven by brain or behavioural responses to social alcohol cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martine M Groefsema
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Gabry W Mies
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Developmental Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Janna Cousijn
- Developmental Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Guillaume Sescousse
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, INSERM U1028, CNRS, UMR5292, PSYR2 Team, Lyon, France.,CH Le Vinatier, Service Universitaire d'Addictologie, Bron, France
| | - Maartje Luijten
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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24
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Sakata H, Kim Y, Nejime M, Konoike N, Miyachi S, Nakamura K. Laminar Pattern of Projections Indicates the Hierarchical Organization of the Anterior Cingulate-Temporal Lobe Emotion System. Front Neuroanat 2019; 13:74. [PMID: 31417370 PMCID: PMC6685409 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2019.00074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), surrounding the genu of the corpus callosum, plays important roles in emotional processing and is functionally divided into the dorsal, perigenual, and subgenual subregions (dACC, pgACC, and sgACC, respectively). Previous studies have suggested that the pgACC and sgACC have distinctive roles in the regulation of emotion. In order to elicit appropriate emotional responses, these ACC regions require sensory information from the environment. Anatomically, the ACC has rich connections with the temporal lobe, where the higher-order processing of sensory information takes place. To clarify the organization of sensory inputs into the ACC subregions, we injected neuronal tracers into the pgACC, sgACC, and dACC and compared the afferent connections. Previously, we analyzed the afferent projections from the amygdala and found a distinct pattern for the sgACC. In the present study, the patterns of the afferent projections were analyzed in the temporal cortex, especially the temporal pole (TP) and medial temporal areas. After tracers were injected into the sgACC, we observed labeled neurons in the TP and the subiculum of the hippocampal formation. The majority of the labeled cell bodies were found in the superficial layers of the TP ("feedforward" type projections). The pgACC received afferent projections from the TP, the entorhinal cortex (EC), and the parahippocampal cortex (PHC), but not from the hippocampus. In each area, the labeled cells were mainly found in the deep layers ("feedback" type projection). The pattern for the dACC was similar to that for the pgACC. Previous studies suggested that the pgACC, but not the sgACC receive projections from the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). These data suggest that the sgACC plays crucial roles for emotional responses based on sensory and mnemonic inputs from the anterior temporal lobe, whereas the pgACC is more related to the cognitive control of emotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honami Sakata
- Cognitive Neuroscience Section, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan
| | - Yuri Kim
- Cognitive Neuroscience Section, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan
| | - Masafumi Nejime
- Cognitive Neuroscience Section, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan
| | - Naho Konoike
- Cognitive Neuroscience Section, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan
| | - Shigehiro Miyachi
- Cognitive Neuroscience Section, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan
| | - Katsuki Nakamura
- Cognitive Neuroscience Section, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan
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25
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Exploring the Neuroplastic Effects of Biofeedback Training on Smokers. Behav Neurol 2018; 2018:4876287. [PMID: 30151058 PMCID: PMC6087614 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4876287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Smoking and stress cooccur in different stages of a nicotine addiction cycle, affecting brain function and showing additive impact on different physiological responses. Resting-state functional connectivity has shown potential in identifying these alterations. Nicotine addiction has been associated with detrimental effects on functional integrity of the central nervous system, including the organization of resting-state networks. Prolonged stress may result in enhanced activation of the default mode network (DMN). Considering that biofeedback has shown promise in alleviating physiological manifestations of stress, we aimed to explore the possible neuroplastic effects of biofeedback training on smokers. Clinical, behavioral, and neurophysiological (resting-state EEG) data were collected from twenty-seven subjects before and after five sessions of skin temperature training. DMN functional cortical connectivity was investigated. While clinical status remained unaltered, the degree of nicotine dependence and psychiatric symptoms were significantly improved. Significant changes in DMN organization and network properties were not observed, except for a significant increase of information flow from the right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex and right temporal pole cortex towards other DMN components. Biofeedback aiming at stress alleviation in smokers could play a protective role against maladaptive plasticity of connectivity. Multiple sessions, individualized interventions and more suitable methods to promote brain plasticity, such as neurofeedback training, should be considered.
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26
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Benbrika S, Doidy F, Carluer L, Mondou A, Buhour MS, Eustache F, Viader F, Desgranges B. Alexithymia in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Its Neural Correlates. Front Neurol 2018; 9:566. [PMID: 30087649 PMCID: PMC6066614 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a severe neurodegenerative disease that causes progressive and extensive motor deficits. Patients may also have cognitive impairments or alteration of emotional processing. Very few studies, however, have looked at deficits in how they experience their own feelings (alexithymia). Methods: We assessed alexithymia in 28 patients with ALS using the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), comparing them with a control group matched for sex, age, and education level. We took into account both the total score of the TAS-20 and its three subscores corresponding to the three dimensions of alexithymia: Difficulty Identifying Feelings (DIF), Difficulty Describing Feelings (DDF), and Externally Oriented Thinking (EOT). Patients also underwent a neuropsychological assessment and anatomical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in order to correlate cognitive performances and gray matter volume and level of alexithymia. Results: On average, ALS subjects had a significantly higher total score and DIF sub-score of the TAS-20 than controls indicating an increased alexithymia in patients. Total and DIF Scores correlated significantly and negatively to gray matter volume of the prefrontal cortex, right superior temporal pole and parahippocampal gyri. No correlations were found between scores on executive functions and those on the TAS-20. Conclusion: The first stage of one's own emotional processing seems to be affected in ALS independently of executive dysfunction. This trouble seems to be underpinned by cerebral regions that are well known to be both implicated in alexithymia in healthy subjects and altered in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumia Benbrika
- Neuropsychology and Imaging of Human Memory, Caen-Normandy University, PSL Research University, EPHE, INSERM, Caen University Hospital, Caen, France
| | - Franck Doidy
- Neuropsychology and Imaging of Human Memory, Caen-Normandy University, PSL Research University, EPHE, INSERM, Caen University Hospital, Caen, France
| | - Laurence Carluer
- Neuropsychology and Imaging of Human Memory, Caen-Normandy University, PSL Research University, EPHE, INSERM, Caen University Hospital, Caen, France
| | - Audrey Mondou
- Neuropsychology and Imaging of Human Memory, Caen-Normandy University, PSL Research University, EPHE, INSERM, Caen University Hospital, Caen, France
| | - Marie-Sonia Buhour
- Neuropsychology and Imaging of Human Memory, Caen-Normandy University, PSL Research University, EPHE, INSERM, Caen University Hospital, Caen, France
| | - Francis Eustache
- Neuropsychology and Imaging of Human Memory, Caen-Normandy University, PSL Research University, EPHE, INSERM, Caen University Hospital, Caen, France
| | - Fausto Viader
- Neuropsychology and Imaging of Human Memory, Caen-Normandy University, PSL Research University, EPHE, INSERM, Caen University Hospital, Caen, France
| | - Béatrice Desgranges
- Neuropsychology and Imaging of Human Memory, Caen-Normandy University, PSL Research University, EPHE, INSERM, Caen University Hospital, Caen, France
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27
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Pehrs C, Zaki J, Taruffi L, Kuchinke L, Koelsch S. Hippocampal-Temporopolar Connectivity Contributes to Episodic Simulation During Social Cognition. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9409. [PMID: 29925874 PMCID: PMC6010422 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24557-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
People are better able to empathize with others when they are given information concerning the context driving that person's experiences. This suggests that people draw on prior memories when empathizing, but the mechanisms underlying this connection remain largely unexplored. The present study investigates how variations in episodic information shape the emotional response towards a movie character. Episodic information is either absent or provided by a written context preceding empathic film clips. It was shown that sad context information increases empathic concern for a movie character. This was tracked by neural activity in the temporal pole (TP) and anterior hippocampus (aHP). Dynamic causal modeling with Bayesian Model Selection has shown that context changes the effective connectivity from left aHP to the right TP. The same crossed-hemispheric coupling was found during rest, when people are left to their own thoughts. We conclude that (i) that the integration of episodic memory also supports the specific case of integrating context into empathic judgments, (ii) the right TP supports emotion processing by integrating episodic memory into empathic inferences, and (iii) lateral integration is a key process for episodic simulation during rest and during task. We propose that a disruption of the mechanism may underlie empathy deficits in clinical conditions, such as autism spectrum disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinna Pehrs
- Department of Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany.
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.
| | - Jamil Zaki
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Liila Taruffi
- Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lars Kuchinke
- International Psychoanalytic University, 10555, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Koelsch
- Department of Biological an Medial Psychology, University of Bergen, 5009, Bergen, Norway
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28
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Laurita AC, Hazan C, Spreng RN. Dissociable patterns of brain activity for mentalizing about known others: a role for attachment. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2018; 12:1072-1082. [PMID: 28407150 PMCID: PMC5490684 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsx040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The human brain tracks dynamic changes within the social environment, forming and updating representations of individuals in our social milieu. This mechanism of social navigation builds an increasingly complex map of persons with whom we are familiar and form attachments to guide adaptive social behaviors. We examined the neural representation of known others along a continuum of attachment using fMRI. Heterosexual adults (N = 29, 16 females), in romantic relationships for more than 2 years, made trait judgments for a romantic partner, parent, close friend, familiar acquaintance and self-during scanning. Multivariate analysis, partial least squares, was used to identify whole-brain patterns of brain activation associated with trait judgments of known others across a continuum of attachment. Across conditions, trait judgments engaged the default network and lateral prefrontal cortex. Judgments about oneself and a partner were associated with a common activation pattern encompassing anterior and middle cingulate, posterior superior temporal sulcus, as well as anterior insula. Parent and close friend judgments engaged medial and anterior temporal lobe regions. These results provide novel evidence that mentalizing about known familiar others results in differential brain activity. We provide initial evidence that the representation of adult attachment is a distinguishing feature of these differences.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - R Nathan Spreng
- Department of Human Development.,Laboratory of Brain and Cognition, Human Neuroscience Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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29
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Harenski CL, Brook M, Kosson DS, Bustillo JR, Harenski KA, Caldwell MF, Van Rybroek GJ, Koenigs M, Decety J, Thornton DM, Calhoun VD, Kiehl KA. Socio-neuro risk factors for suicidal behavior in criminal offenders with psychotic disorders. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2017; 12:70-80. [PMID: 28065894 PMCID: PMC5390707 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsw164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Relative to the general population, individuals with psychotic disorders have a higher risk of suicide. Suicide risk is also elevated in criminal offenders. Thus, psychotic-disordered individuals with antisocial tendencies may form an especially high-risk group. We built upon prior risk analyses by examining whether neurobehavioral correlates of social cognition were associated with suicidal behavior in criminal offenders with psychotic disorders. We assessed empathic accuracy and brain structure in four groups: (i) incarcerated offenders with psychotic disorders and past suicide attempts, (ii) incarcerated offenders with psychotic disorders and no suicide attempts, (iii) incarcerated offenders without psychotic disorders and (iv) community non-offenders without psychotic disorders. Established suicide risk variables were examined along with empathic accuracy and gray matter in brain regions implicated in social cognition. Relative to the other groups, offenders with psychotic disorders and suicide attempts had lower empathic accuracy and smaller temporal pole volumes. Empathic accuracy and temporal pole volumes were significantly associated with suicide attempts independent of other risk variables. The results indicate that brain and behavioral correlates of social cognition may add incremental value to models of suicide risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla L Harenski
- The Mind Research Network and Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Michael Brook
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - David S Kosson
- Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University, Chicago, IL
| | - Juan R Bustillo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM
| | - Keith A Harenski
- The Mind Research Network and Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | | | | | - Michael Koenigs
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Jean Decety
- Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Vince D Calhoun
- The Mind Research Network and Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM, USA.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM
| | - Kent A Kiehl
- The Mind Research Network and Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM, USA.,Department of Psychology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM
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30
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Cortese F, Pierelli F, Bove I, Di Lorenzo C, Evangelista M, Perrotta A, Serrao M, Parisi V, Coppola G. Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation over the left temporal pole restores normal visual evoked potential habituation in interictal migraineurs. J Headache Pain 2017; 18:70. [PMID: 28726157 PMCID: PMC5517389 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-017-0778-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Neuroimaging data has implicated the temporal pole (TP) in migraine pathophysiology; the density and functional activity of the TP were reported to fluctuate in accordance with the migraine cycle. Yet, the exact link between TP morpho-functional abnormalities and migraine is unknown. Here, we examined whether non-invasive anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) ameliorates abnormal interictal multimodal sensory processing in patients with migraine. Methods We examined the habituation of visual evoked potentials and median nerve somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEP) before and immediately after 20-min anodal tDCS (2 mA) or sham stimulation delivered over the left TP in interictal migraineurs. Results Prior to tDCS, interictal migraineurs did not exhibit habituation in response to repetitive visual or somatosensory stimulation. After anodal tDCS but not sham stimulation, migraineurs exhibited normal habituation responses to visual stimulation; however, tDCS had no effect on SSEP habituation in migraineurs. Conclusion Our study shows for the first time that enhancing excitability of the TP with anodal tDCS normalizes abnormal interictal visual information processing in migraineurs. This finding has implications for the role of the TP in migraine, and specifically highlights the ventral stream of the visual pathway as a pathophysiological neural substrate for abnormal visual processing in migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Cortese
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome Polo Pontino, Corso della Repubblica, 79 - 04100, Latina, Italy.
| | - Francesco Pierelli
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome Polo Pontino, Corso della Repubblica, 79 - 04100, Latina, Italy.,INM Neuromed IRCCS, Pozzilli (IS), Italy
| | - Ilaria Bove
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome Polo Pontino, Corso della Repubblica, 79 - 04100, Latina, Italy
| | | | - Maurizio Evangelista
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore/CIC, Istituto di Anestesiologia, Rianimazione e Terapia del Dolore, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Mariano Serrao
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome Polo Pontino, Corso della Repubblica, 79 - 04100, Latina, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Parisi
- G. B. Bietti Foundation IRCCS, Research Unit of Neurophysiology of Vision and Neuro-Ophthalmology, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Coppola
- G. B. Bietti Foundation IRCCS, Research Unit of Neurophysiology of Vision and Neuro-Ophthalmology, Rome, Italy
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31
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Kuroki N, Kashiwagi H, Ota M, Ishikawa M, Kunugi H, Sato N, Hirabayashi N, Ota T. Brain structure differences among male schizophrenic patients with history of serious violent acts: an MRI voxel-based morphometric study. BMC Psychiatry 2017; 17:105. [PMID: 28327107 PMCID: PMC5361832 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-017-1263-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The biological underpinnings of serious violent behaviors in patients with schizophrenia remain unclear. The aim of this study was to identify the characteristics of brain morphometry in patients with schizophrenia and a history of serious violent acts, who were being treated under relatively new legislation for offenders with mental illness in Japan where their relevant action should be strongly associated with their mental illness. We also investigated whether morphometric changes would depend on types of serious violent actions or not. METHODS Thirty-four male patients with schizophrenia who were hospitalized after committing serious violent acts were compared with 23 male outpatients or inpatients with schizophrenia and no history of violent acts. T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with voxel-based morphometry was used to assess gray matter volume. Additionally, patients with violent acts were divided based on whether their relevant actions were premeditated or not. The regional volumes of these two groups were compared to those of the control patient group. RESULTS Patients with schizophrenia and a history of serious violent acts showed significantly smaller regional volumes of the right inferior temporal area expanded to the middle temporal gyrus and the temporal pole, and the right insular area compared to patients without a history of violence. Patients with premeditated violent acts showed significantly smaller regional volumes of the right inferior temporal area, the right insular area, the left planum polare area including the insula, and the bilateral precuneus area including the posterior cingulate gyrus than those without a history of violence, whereas patients with impulsive violent acts showed significantly smaller volumes of only the right inferior temporal area compared to those without a history of violence. CONCLUSIONS Patients with schizophrenia and a history of serious violent acts showed structural differences in some brain regions compared to those with schizophrenia and no history of violence. Abnormalities in the right inferior temporal area were relatively common but did not depend on whether the violent actions were premeditated or not, and abnormalities in a wider range may be attributed to not only planning the violent action against others but also to maintaining that plan. TRIAL REGISTRATION UMIN.ac.jp UMIN000008065 . Registered 2012/05/31.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriomi Kuroki
- Department of Psychiatry, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8551, Japan. .,Department of Psychiatry, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama, 350-0495, Japan. .,Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Metropolitan Matsuzawa Hospital, 2-1-1 Kamikitazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-0057, Japan.
| | - Hiroko Kashiwagi
- 0000 0004 1763 8916grid.419280.6Department of Psychiatry, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8551 Japan
| | - Miho Ota
- 0000 0004 1763 8916grid.419280.6Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8502 Japan
| | - Masanori Ishikawa
- grid.444801.dDepartment of Social Welfare Services, Faculty of Human Science, Mejiro University, 4-31-1 Nakaochiai, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 161-8539 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kunugi
- 0000 0004 1763 8916grid.419280.6Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8502 Japan
| | - Noriko Sato
- 0000 0004 1763 8916grid.419280.6Department of Radiology, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8551 Japan
| | - Naotsugu Hirabayashi
- 0000 0004 1763 8916grid.419280.6Department of Psychiatry, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8551 Japan
| | - Toshio Ota
- 0000 0001 2216 2631grid.410802.fDepartment of Psychiatry, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama, 350-0495 Japan
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32
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Schlochtermeier LH, Pehrs C, Bakels JH, Jacobs AM, Kappelhoff H, Kuchinke L. Context matters: Anterior and posterior cortical midline responses to sad movie scenes. Brain Res 2016; 1661:24-36. [PMID: 27993532 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2016.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Narrative movies can create powerful emotional responses. While recent research has advanced the understanding of neural networks involved in immersive movie viewing, their modulation within a movie's dynamic context remains inconclusive. In this study, 24 healthy participants passively watched sad scene climaxes taken from 24 romantic comedies, while brain activity was measured using functional magnetic resonance (fMRI). To study effects of context, the sad scene climaxes were presented with either coherent scene context, replaced non-coherent context or without context. In a second viewing, the same clips were rated continuously for sadness. The ratings varied over time with peaks of experienced sadness within the assumed climax intervals. Activations in anterior and posterior cortical midline regions increased if presented with both coherent and replaced context, while activation in the temporal gyri decreased. This difference was more pronounced for the coherent context condition. Psycho-Physiological interactions (PPI) analyses showed a context-dependent coupling of midline regions with occipital visual and sub-cortical reward regions. Our results demonstrate the pivotal role of midline structures and their interaction with perceptual and reward areas in processing contextually embedded socio-emotional information in movies.
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Affiliation(s)
- L H Schlochtermeier
- Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - C Pehrs
- Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - J-H Bakels
- Department of Humanities, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - A M Jacobs
- Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Dahlem Institute for Neuroimaging of Emotion, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
| | - H Kappelhoff
- Department of Humanities, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - L Kuchinke
- Methods und Evaluation, International Psychoanalytic University Berlin, Germany
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33
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Jacobs A, Hofmann MJ, Kinder A. On Elementary Affective Decisions: To Like Or Not to Like, That Is the Question. Front Psychol 2016; 7:1836. [PMID: 27933013 PMCID: PMC5122311 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Perhaps the most ubiquitous and basic affective decision of daily life is deciding whether we like or dislike something/somebody, or, in terms of psychological emotion theories, whether the object/subject has positive or negative valence. Indeed, people constantly make such liking decisions within a glimpse and, importantly, often without expecting any obvious benefit or knowing the exact reasons for their judgment. In this paper, we review research on such elementary affective decisions (EADs) that entail no direct overt reward with a special focus on Neurocognitive Poetics and discuss methods and models for investigating the neuronal and cognitive-affective bases of EADs to verbal materials with differing degrees of complexity. In line with evolutionary and appraisal theories of (aesthetic) emotions and data from recent neurocognitive studies, the results of a decision tree modeling approach simulating EADs to single words suggest that a main driving force behind EADs is the extent to which such high-dimensional stimuli are associated with the “basic” emotions joy/happiness and disgust.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Jacobs
- Department of Experimental and Neurocognitive Psychology, Freie Universität BerlinBerlin, Germany; Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Freie Universität BerlinBerlin, Germany; Dahlem Institute for Neuroimaging of Emotion, Freie Universität BerlinBerlin, Germany
| | - Markus J Hofmann
- Department of General and Biological Psychology, Bergische Universität Wuppertal Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Annette Kinder
- Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin Berlin, Germany
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34
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Li W, Cui H, Zhu Z, Kong L, Guo Q, Zhu Y, Hu Q, Zhang L, Li H, Li Q, Jiang J, Meyers J, Li J, Wang J, Yang Z, Li C. Aberrant Functional Connectivity between the Amygdala and the Temporal Pole in Drug-Free Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Front Hum Neurosci 2016; 10:549. [PMID: 27867352 PMCID: PMC5095112 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2016.00549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The amygdala and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) play important roles in “emotion dysregulation,” which has a profound impact on etiologic research of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The present study analyzed both eyes-open and eyes-closed resting state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) of 43 subjects (21 GAD patients with medicine free and 22 matched healthy controls). The amygdala and the DLPFC were defined as regions of interest (ROI) to analyze functional connectivity (FC) in GAD patients compared with healthy controls. The main findings revealed GAD patients had increased FC between the amygdala and the temporal pole compared to healthy controls, which was found in both eyes-open and eyes-closed rs-fMRI. And altered FC between the ROIs and brain regions that mainly belonged to the default mode network (DMN) were found. These findings suggest that the abnormal FC between the amygdala and the temporal pole may contribute to the pathophysiology of GAD, and provide insights into the current understanding of the emotion dysregulation of anxiety disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai, China
| | - Huiru Cui
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai, China
| | - Zhipei Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai, China
| | - Li Kong
- College of Education, Shanghai Normal University Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Guo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai, China
| | - Yikang Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Hu
- Department of Psychology, Qiqihar Mental Health Center Qiqihar, China
| | | | - Hui Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai, China
| | - Qingwei Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Tongji Hospital of Tongji University Shanghai, China
| | - Jiangling Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai, China
| | - Jordan Meyers
- Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research New York, NY, USA
| | - Jianqi Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, Department of Physics, East China Normal University Shanghai, China
| | - Jijun Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai, China; Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Bio-X Institutes, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai, China; Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science and MRI Research Center, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing, China
| | - Chunbo Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai, China; Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Bio-X Institutes, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai, China; Brain Science and Technology Research Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai, China
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35
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Rohr CS, Villringer A, Solms‐Baruth C, van der Meer E, Margulies DS, Okon‐Singer H. The neural networks of subjectively evaluated emotional conflicts. Hum Brain Mapp 2016; 37:2234-46. [PMID: 26991156 PMCID: PMC6867502 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Revised: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous work on the neural underpinnings of emotional conflict processing has largely focused on designs that instruct participants to ignore a distracter which conflicts with a target. In contrast, this study investigated the noninstructed experience and evaluation of an emotional conflict, where positive or negative cues can be subjectively prioritized. To this end, healthy participants freely watched short film scenes that evoked emotional conflicts while their BOLD responses were measured. Participants' individual ratings of conflict and valence perception during the film scenes were collected immediately afterwards, and the individual ratings were regressed against the BOLD data. Our analyses revealed that (a) amygdala and medial prefrontal cortex were significantly involved in prioritizing positive or negative cues, but not in subjective evaluations of conflict per se, and (b) superior temporal sulcus (STS) and inferior parietal lobule (IPL), which have been implicated in social cognition and emotion control, were involved in both prioritizing positive or negative cues and subjectively evaluating conflict, and may thus constitute "hubs" or "switches" in emotional conflict processing. Psychophysiological interaction (PPI) analyses further revealed stronger functional connectivity between IPL and ventral prefrontal-medial parietal areas in prioritizing negative cues, and stronger connectivity between STS and dorsal-rostral prefrontal-medial parietal areas in prioritizing positive cues. In sum, our results suggest that IPL and STS are important in the subjective evaluation of complex conflicts and influence valence prioritization via prefrontal and parietal control centers. Hum Brain Mapp 37:2234-2246, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane S. Rohr
- Department of NeurologyMax Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain SciencesLeipzigGermany
- Mind‐Brain InstituteBerlin School of Mind and BrainCharité and Humboldt University of BerlinBerlinGermany
- Department of PsychologyHumboldt University of BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Arno Villringer
- Department of NeurologyMax Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain SciencesLeipzigGermany
- Mind‐Brain InstituteBerlin School of Mind and BrainCharité and Humboldt University of BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Carolina Solms‐Baruth
- Department of NeurologyMax Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain SciencesLeipzigGermany
- Mind‐Brain InstituteBerlin School of Mind and BrainCharité and Humboldt University of BerlinBerlinGermany
| | | | - Daniel S. Margulies
- Department of NeurologyMax Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain SciencesLeipzigGermany
- Mind‐Brain InstituteBerlin School of Mind and BrainCharité and Humboldt University of BerlinBerlinGermany
- Max Planck Research Group for Neuroanatomy and ConnectivityMax Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain SciencesLeipzigGermany
| | - Hadas Okon‐Singer
- Department of NeurologyMax Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain SciencesLeipzigGermany
- Mind‐Brain InstituteBerlin School of Mind and BrainCharité and Humboldt University of BerlinBerlinGermany
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of HaifaHaifaIsrael
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36
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Abel TJ, Rhone AE, Nourski KV, Ando TK, Oya H, Kovach CK, Kawasaki H, Howard MA, Tranel D. Beta modulation reflects name retrieval in the human anterior temporal lobe: an intracranial recording study. J Neurophysiol 2016; 115:3052-61. [PMID: 27075536 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00012.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Naming people, places, and things is a fundamental human ability that is often impaired in patients with language-dominant anterior temporal lobe (ATL) dysfunction or ATL resection as part of epilepsy treatment. Convergent lines of evidence point to the importance of the ATL in name retrieval. The physiologic mechanisms that mediate name retrieval in the ATL, however, are not well understood. The purpose of this study was to characterize the electrophysiologic responses of the human ATL during overt cued naming of famous people and objects. Eight neurosurgical patients with suspected temporal lobe epilepsy who underwent implantation of intracranial electrodes for seizure focus localization were the subjects of this study. Specialized coverage of the ATL was achieved in each subject. The subjects named pictures of U.S. presidents and images of common hand-held tools. Event-related band power was measured for each ATL recording site. Both the left and right ATL demonstrated robust and focal increases in beta-band (14-30 Hz) power during person and tool naming. The onset of this response typically occurred at 400 ms but sometimes as early as 200 ms. Visual naming of famous people and tools is associated with robust and localized modulation of the beta band in both the left and right ATL. Measurement of visual naming responses may provide the groundwork for future mapping modalities to localize eloquent cortex in the ATL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor J Abel
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa; and Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Ariane E Rhone
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa; and
| | - Kirill V Nourski
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa; and
| | - Timothy K Ando
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa; and
| | - Hiroyuki Oya
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa; and
| | - Christopher K Kovach
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa; and
| | - Hiroto Kawasaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa; and
| | - Matthew A Howard
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa; and
| | - Daniel Tranel
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa
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37
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Jollans L, Zhipeng C, Icke I, Greene C, Kelly C, Banaschewski T, Bokde ALW, Bromberg U, Büchel C, Cattrell A, Conrod PJ, Desrivières S, Flor H, Frouin V, Gallinat J, Garavan H, Gowland P, Heinz A, Ittermann B, Martinot JL, Artiges E, Nees F, Papadopoulos Orfanos D, Paus T, Smolka MN, Walter H, Schumann G, Whelan R. Ventral Striatum Connectivity During Reward Anticipation in Adolescent Smokers. Dev Neuropsychol 2016; 41:6-21. [PMID: 27074029 DOI: 10.1080/87565641.2016.1164172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Substance misusers, including adolescent smokers, often have reduced reward system activity during processing of non-drug rewards. Using a psychophysiological interaction approach, we examined functional connectivity with the ventral striatum during reward anticipation in a large (N = 206) sample of adolescent smokers. Increased smoking frequency was associated with (1) increased connectivity with regions involved in saliency and valuation, including the orbitofrontal cortex and (2) reduced connectivity between the ventral striatum and regions associated with inhibition and risk aversion, including the right inferior frontal gyrus. These results demonstrate that functional connectivity during reward processing is relevant to adolescent addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Jollans
- a Department of Psychology , University College Dublin , Dublin , Ireland
| | - Cao Zhipeng
- a Department of Psychology , University College Dublin , Dublin , Ireland
| | - Ilknur Icke
- b Bioimaging, School of Medicine , Boston University , Boston , Massachusetts
| | - Ciara Greene
- a Department of Psychology , University College Dublin , Dublin , Ireland
| | - Clare Kelly
- c Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Trinity College Institute of Neurosciences , Trinity College Dublin , Dublin , Ireland
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- d Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim , Heidelberg University , Mannheim , Germany
| | - Arun L W Bokde
- c Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Trinity College Institute of Neurosciences , Trinity College Dublin , Dublin , Ireland
| | - Uli Bromberg
- e University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Christian Büchel
- e University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Anna Cattrell
- h Medical Research Council - Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience , King's College London , London , United Kingdom
| | - Patricia J Conrod
- f Department of Psychiatry , Universite de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital , Montreal , Canada.,g Department of Psychological Medicine and Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience , King's College London , London , United Kingdom
| | - Sylvane Desrivières
- u Medical Research Council-Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience , King's College London , London , United Kingdom
| | - Herta Flor
- i Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim , Heidelberg University , Mannheim , Germany
| | - Vincent Frouin
- j Neurospin, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique , CEA-Saclay Center , Paris , France
| | - Jürgen Gallinat
- k Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE) , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Hugh Garavan
- l Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology , University of Vermont , Burlington , Vermont
| | - Penny Gowland
- m Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre School of Physics and Astronomy , University of Nottingham , University Park , Nottingham , United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Heinz
- n Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte , Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin , Berlin , Germany
| | - Bernd Ittermann
- o Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) , Braunschweig and Berlin , Germany
| | - Jean-Luc Martinot
- p Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM Unit 1000 "Neuroimaging & Psychiatry," University Paris Sud, University Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité and Maison de Solenn , Paris , France
| | - Eric Artiges
- q Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM Unit 1000 "Neuroimaging & Psychiatry," University Paris Sud, University Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité and Psychiatry Department 91G16, Orsay Hospital , Paris , France
| | - Frauke Nees
- d Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim , Heidelberg University , Mannheim , Germany.,i Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim , Heidelberg University , Mannheim , Germany
| | | | - Tomáš Paus
- r Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest and Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry , University of Toronto , Toronto , Canada
| | - Michael N Smolka
- s Department of Psychiatry and Neuroimaging Center , Technische Universität Dresden , Dresden , Germany
| | - Henrik Walter
- n Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Charité Mitte , Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin , Berlin , Germany
| | - Gunter Schumann
- t Department of Psychiatry , Universite de Montreal, CHU Ste Justine Hospital , Montreal , Canada
| | - Robert Whelan
- a Department of Psychology , University College Dublin , Dublin , Ireland
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