1
|
Djilali K, Maachi R, Mesbah ZA, Nasrallah N, Touzout N, Tahraoui H, Zhang J, Amrane A. Breaking Barriers in Pharmaceutical Analysis: Streamlined UV Spectrometric Quantification and Stability Profiling of Haloperidol and Methylparaben in Liquid Formulations. Anal Biochem 2024:115632. [PMID: 39089362 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2024.115632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to quantify haloperidol and methylparaben in a liquid pharmaceutical formulation (2 mg/ml) using UV spectrometry and the simultaneous equations method. Additionally, we explored the stability of haloperidol under various stress conditions. The UV analysis revealed maximum absorption peaks at 248 nm for haloperidol and 256 nm for methylparaben, using a 1% (v/v) lactic acid solution as the solvent. Method validation, conducted according to ICH guidelines, affirmed the method's reliability, showing excellent results in terms of linearity, precision, accuracy, and sensitivity. The method allows direct application to finished products, enabling simultaneous quantification without extractions. Its simplicity, speed, and cost-effectiveness make it ideal for routine controls in pharmaceutical industry haloperidol solution analyses. The method extends to monitoring forced degradation, indicating photolytic and hydrolytic degradation under acidic and basic conditions, while affirming thermal and oxidative stability. This proposed UV spectrometric method serves as a compelling alternative to pharmacopeia-recommended techniques, simplifying simultaneous determination of the active ingredient and preservative. This streamlines analysis, reducing time and costs. Additionally, it proves valuable in small industries lacking sophisticated instrumentation, offering insights into active ingredient behavior during forced degradation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khadidja Djilali
- Reaction Engineering Laboratory, Faculty of Mechanical and Process Engineering, Algiers; University of Science and Technology Houari Boumediene, Algiers-Bab Ezzouar, Algeria
| | - Rachida Maachi
- Reaction Engineering Laboratory, Faculty of Mechanical and Process Engineering, Algiers; University of Science and Technology Houari Boumediene, Algiers-Bab Ezzouar, Algeria
| | - Zohra Ait Mesbah
- Laboratory of Energy Processes and Nanotechnology, Blida; Saad Dahlab University of Blida, Soumaa street BP 270 BLIDA, Algeria
| | - Nourddine Nasrallah
- Reaction Engineering Laboratory, Faculty of Mechanical and Process Engineering, Algiers; University of Science and Technology Houari Boumediene, Algiers-Bab Ezzouar, Algeria
| | - Nabil Touzout
- Department of Nature and Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Medea, Medea 26000, Algeria
| | - Hichem Tahraoui
- Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés Chimiques, Department of process engineering, University of Ferhat Abbas, Setif, Algeria; Laboratoire de Biomatériaux et Phénomènes de Transport (LBMPT), Université de Médéa, University of Médéa, Nouveau Pôle Urbain, 26000 Médéa, Algeria
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Engineering, Merz Court, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Abdeltif Amrane
- Univ Rennes, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR), CNRS, ISCR, UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yang N, Guerin C, Kokanyan N, Perré P. Raman spectroscopy applied to online monitoring of a bioreactor: Tackling the limit of detection. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 304:123343. [PMID: 37690399 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
An in-situ monitoring model of alcoholic fermentation based on Raman spectroscopy was developed in this study. The optimized acquisition parameters were an 80 s exposure time with three accumulations. Standard solutions were prepared and used to populate a learning database. Two groups of mixed solutions were prepared for a validation database to simulate fermentation at different conditions. First, all spectra of the standards were evaluated by principal component analysis (PCA) to identify the spectral features of the target substances and observe their distribution and outliers. Second, three multivariate calibration models for prediction were developed using the partial least squares (PLS) method, either on the whole learning database or subsets. The limit of detection (LOD) of each model was estimated by using the root mean square error of cross validation (RMSECV), and the prediction ability was further tested with both validation datasets. As a result, improved LODs were obtained: 0.42 and 1.55 g·L-1 for ethanol and glucose using a sub-learning dataset with a concentration range of 0.5 to 10 g·L-1. An interesting prediction result was obtained from a cross-mixed validation set, which had a root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) for ethanol and glucose of only 3.21 and 1.69, even with large differences in mixture concentrations. This result not only indicates that a model based on standard solutions can predict the concentration of a mixed solution in a complex matrix but also offers good prospects for applying the model in real bioreactors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Yang
- Université Paris-Saclay, CentraleSupélec, Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés et Matériaux, Centre Européen de Biotechnologie et de Bioéconomie (CEBB), 3 rue des Rouges Terres 51110 Pomacle, France; CentraleSupélec, Chaire Photonique, Laboratoire Matériaux Optiques, Photonique et Systèmes (LMOPS), Metz F-57070, France; Université de Lorraine, Laboratoire Matériaux Optiques, Photonique et Systèmes (LMOPS), Metz F-57070, France.
| | - Cédric Guerin
- Université Paris-Saclay, CentraleSupélec, Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés et Matériaux, Centre Européen de Biotechnologie et de Bioéconomie (CEBB), 3 rue des Rouges Terres 51110 Pomacle, France
| | - Ninel Kokanyan
- CentraleSupélec, Chaire Photonique, Laboratoire Matériaux Optiques, Photonique et Systèmes (LMOPS), Metz F-57070, France; Université de Lorraine, Laboratoire Matériaux Optiques, Photonique et Systèmes (LMOPS), Metz F-57070, France
| | - Patrick Perré
- Université Paris-Saclay, CentraleSupélec, Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés et Matériaux, Centre Européen de Biotechnologie et de Bioéconomie (CEBB), 3 rue des Rouges Terres 51110 Pomacle, France; Université Paris-Saclay, CentraleSupélec, Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés et Matériaux (LGPM), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Winz R, Yu LL, Sung LP, Tong YJ, Chen D. Assessing children's potential exposures to harmful metals in tire crumb rubber by accelerated photodegradation weathering. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13877. [PMID: 37620365 PMCID: PMC10449860 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38574-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Whether a tire crumb rubber (TCR) playground would expose children to potentially harmful chemicals such as heavy metals is an open question. The released metals available for pickup on the surface of TCR tiles was studied by accelerated 2-year aging of the TCRs in the NIST-SPHERE (National Institute of Standards and Technology Simulated Photodegradation via High Energy Radiant Exposure). The dermal contact was mimicked by a method of composite surface wiping from US Environmental Protection Agency throughout the weathering process. The surface release of ten most concerned harmful metals (Be, Cr, Cu, As, Se, Cd, Sb, Ba, Tl, Pb) was monitored through the course of aging. The cumulative release of Cu, As, Tl, and Sb reached potentially harmful levels at various times within 3 years, although only Cr was found at a harmful level on the surface of the tiles. Taking the cleansing effect of precipitation or periodic cleansing with rain into account, TCR playgrounds may still be safe for use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robyn Winz
- Environmental Metrology and Policy Program, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA
| | - Lee L Yu
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA.
| | - Li-Piin Sung
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA
| | - YuYe J Tong
- Environmental Metrology and Policy Program, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Dejun Chen
- Environmental Metrology and Policy Program, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, 20057, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Guo Y, Yang X, Yuan Z, Qiu J, Lu W. A comparison between diffusion tensor imaging and generalized q-sampling imaging in the age prediction of healthy adults via machine learning approaches. J Neural Eng 2022; 19. [PMID: 35038689 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ac4bfe] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Brain age, which is predicted using neuroimaging data, has become an important biomarker in aging research. This study applied diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and generalized q-sampling imaging (GQI) model to predict age respectively, with the purpose of evaluating which diffusion model is more accurate in estimating age and revealing age-related changes in the brain. APPROACH Diffusion MRI data of 125 subjects from two sites were collected. Fractional anisotropy (FA) and quantitative anisotropy (QA) from the two diffusion models were calculated and were used as features of machine learning models. Sequential backward elimination algorithm was used for feature selection. Six machine learning approaches including linear regression, ridge regression, support vector regression (SVR) with linear kernel, quadratic kernel and radial basis function (RBF) kernel and feedforward neural network were used to predict age using FA and QA features respectively. MAIN RESULTS Age predictions using FA features were more accurate than predictions using QA features for all the 6 machine learning algorithms. Post-hoc analysis revealed that FA was more sensitive to age-related white matter alterations in the brain. In addition, SVR with RBF kernel based on FA features achieved better performances than the competing algorithms with MAE ranging from 7.74 to 10.54, MSE ranging from 87.79 to 150.86, and nMSE ranging from 0.05 to 0.14 Significance: FA from DTI model was more suitable than QA from GQI model in age prediction. FA metric was more sensitive to age-related white matter changes in the brain and FA of several brain regions could be used as white matter biomarkers in aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Guo
- Department of Radiology, Shandong First Medical University, No.619 Changcheng Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250000, CHINA
| | - Xi Yang
- Pennsylvania State University, Department of Mathematics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16801, USA, State College, Pennsylvania, 16801, UNITED STATES
| | - Zilong Yuan
- Hubei Cancer Hospital, No. 116 South Zhuodaoquan Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, CHINA
| | - Jianfeng Qiu
- Shandong Medical University, No. 6699 Qingdao Road, Jinan, 250100, CHINA
| | - Weizhao Lu
- Department of Radiology, Taishan Medical University, No.619 Changcheng Road, Taian, Shandong, 271016, CHINA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sancilio AE, D'Aquila RT, McNally EM, Velez MP, Ison MG, Demonbreun AR, McDade TW. A surrogate virus neutralization test to quantify antibody-mediated inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 in finger stick dried blood spot samples. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15321. [PMID: 34321523 PMCID: PMC8319431 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94653-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 engages the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor to enter host cells, and neutralizing antibodies are effective at blocking this interaction to prevent infection. Widespread application of this important marker of protective immunity is limited by logistical and technical challenges associated with live virus methods and venous blood collection. To address this gap, we validated an immunoassay-based method for quantifying neutralization of the spike-ACE2 interaction in a single drop of capillary whole blood, collected on filter paper as a dried blood spot (DBS) sample. Samples are eluted overnight and incubated in the presence of spike antigen and ACE2 in a 96-well solid phase plate. Competitive immunoassay with electrochemiluminescent label is used to quantify neutralizing activity. The following measures of assay performance were evaluated: dilution series of confirmed positive and negative samples, agreement with results from matched DBS-serum samples, analysis of results from DBS samples with known COVID-19 status, and precision (intra-assay percent coefficient of variation; %CV) and reliability (inter-assay; %CV). Dilution series produced the expected pattern of dose–response. Agreement between results from serum and DBS samples was high, with concordance correlation = 0.991. Analysis of three control samples across the measurement range indicated acceptable levels of precision and reliability. Median % surrogate neutralization was 46.9 for PCR confirmed convalescent COVID-19 samples and 0.1 for negative samples. Large-scale testing is important for quantifying neutralizing antibodies that can provide protection against COVID-19 in order to estimate the level of immunity in the general population. DBS provides a minimally-invasive, low cost alternative to venous blood collection, and this scalable immunoassay-based method for quantifying inhibition of the spike-ACE2 interaction can be used as a surrogate for virus-based assays to expand testing across a wide range of settings and populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amelia E Sancilio
- Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, USA
| | - Richard T D'Aquila
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA
| | - Elizabeth M McNally
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University, Evanston, USA.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University, Evanston, USA
| | - Matthew P Velez
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University, Evanston, USA.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA
| | - Michael G Ison
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA.,Division of Organ Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA
| | - Alexis R Demonbreun
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University, Evanston, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA
| | - Thomas W McDade
- Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, USA. .,Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, 1810 Hinman Ave., Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Clinical Validation of a Dried Blood Spot Assay for 8 Antihypertensive Drugs and 4 Active Metabolites. Ther Drug Monit 2021; 42:460-467. [PMID: 31593031 DOI: 10.1097/ftd.0000000000000703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drug nonadherence is one of the major challenges faced by resistant hypertension patients, and identification of this problem is needed for optimizing pharmacotherapy. Dried blood spot (DBS) sampling is a minimally invasive method designed to detect and determine the degree of nonadherence. In this study, a DBS method for qualifying 8 antihypertensive drugs (AHDs) and 4 active metabolites was developed and validated using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). METHOD The DBS assay was validated analytically and clinically, in accordance with FDA requirements. Analytical validation was accomplished using UHPLC-MS/MS. For clinical validation, paired peak and trough levels of DBS and plasma samples were simultaneously collected and comparatively analyzed using Deming regression and Bland-Altman analyses. All concentrations below the set lower limit were excluded. Deming regression analysis was used to predict comparison bias between the collected plasma and DBS samples, with DBS concentrations corrected accordingly. RESULTS The UHPLC-MS/MS method for simultaneously measuring 8 AHDs and their metabolites in DBS, was successfully validated. With Deming regression no bias was observed in N = 1; constant bias was seen in N = 6 and proportional bias in N = 11 of the AHDs and metabolites. After correction for bias, only one metabolite (canrenone) met the 20% acceptance limit for quantification, after Bland-Altman analyses. In addition, amlodipine, valsartan, and [enalaprilate] met the 25% acceptance limit. CONCLUSIONS A novel DBS assay for simultaneously qualifying and quantifying 8 AHDs and their metabolites, has been successfully developed and validated. The DBS assay is therefore a suitable method to detect drug nonadherence. However, with the exception of canrenone, the interchangeable use of plasma and DBS sampling to interpret drug quantities should be avoided.
Collapse
|
7
|
McDade TW, Aronoff JE, Leigh AKK, Finegood ED, Weissman-Tsukamoto RM, Brody GH, Miller GE. Out of the Laboratory and Into the Field: Validation of Portable Cell Culture Protocols. Psychosom Med 2021; 83:283-290. [PMID: 33657081 PMCID: PMC8016709 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000000923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Field-based research on inflammation and health is typically limited to baseline measures of circulating cytokines or acute-phase proteins, whereas laboratory-based studies can pursue a more dynamic approach with ex vivo cell culture methods. The laboratory infrastructure required for culturing leukocytes limits application in community-based settings, which in turn limits scientific understandings of how psychosocial, behavioral, and contextual factors influence the regulation of inflammation. We aim to address this gap by validating two "field-friendly" cell culture protocols, one using a small volume of venous whole blood and another using finger-stick capillary whole blood. METHODS We evaluated the performance of both protocols against a standard laboratory-based protocol using matched venous and capillary blood samples collected from young adults (n = 24). Samples were incubated with lipopolysaccharide and hydrocortisone, and the production of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin 1β, interleukin 6, and tumor necrosis factor α was measured in response. RESULTS Comparisons indicate a high level of agreement in responses across the protocols and culture conditions. The overall correlation in results was 0.88 between the standard and small-volume protocols and 0.86 between the standard and capillary blood protocols. Repeatability for the small-volume and capillary blood protocols was high, with mean coefficients of variation across five replicates of 6.2% and 5.4%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate the feasibility of culturing cells and quantifying the inflammatory response to challenge outside the laboratory, with a wide range of potential applications in biobehavioral research in community-based and remote field settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas W McDade
- From the Departments of Anthropology (McDade, Aronoff) and Psychology (Miller), Institute for Policy Research (McDade, Leigh, Finegood, Weissman-Tsukamoto, Miller), Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois; and Center for Family Research (Brody), Owens Institute for Behavioral Research, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Baral RM, Freeman KP, Flatland B. Comparison of serum and plasma SDMA measured with point-of-care and reference laboratory analysers: implications for interpretation of SDMA in cats. J Feline Med Surg 2021; 23:906-920. [PMID: 33544013 DOI: 10.1177/1098612x20983260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) reflects the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in people, dogs and cats. Initial assays used a liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (LC-MS) technique. A veterinary immunoassay has been developed for use in commercial laboratories and point-of-care (POC) laboratory equipment. This study sought to: determine POC and commercial laboratory (CL) SDMA assay imprecision; determine any bias of the POC assay compared with the CL assay; calculate observed total error of the POC assay and compare with analytical performance goals; and calculate dispersion and sigma metrics (σ) for POC and CL SDMA methods. METHODS Two separate studies were performed that assessed: (1) imprecision, determined by evaluation of pooled feline plasma or serum; and (2) bias, assessed by comparing pooled plasma and serum results, as well as paired analyses of clinical samples from a single venepuncture measured using both analysers. Results were assessed in relation to performance goals. Dispersion and σ were calculated for both analysers. RESULTS Bias between CL and POC analysers was consistent and high numbers of clinical results were outside performance goals across both studies. Imprecision was poor for both analysers for study 1 and improved to within quality goals for the CL analyser for study 2. Dispersion was at least 40%, meaning a measured result of 14 μg/dl represents a range of possible results from 8 μg/dl to 20 μg/dl. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Clinicians should be careful ascribing medical significance to small changes in SDMA concentration, as these may reflect analytical and biological variability. Analyser-specific reference intervals are likely required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bente Flatland
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
McDade TW, Miller A, Tran TT, Borders AEB, Miller G. A highly sensitive multiplex immunoassay for inflammatory cytokines in dried blood spots. Am J Hum Biol 2021; 33:e23558. [PMID: 33382166 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Inflammatory cytokines are key regulators of inflammation, but current measurement approaches require venous blood to quantify low circulating concentrations associated with chronic, low-grade inflammation. This article describes a highly sensitive multiplex immunoassay protocol for the measurement of IL6, IL8, IL10, and TNFα in finger stick dried blood spot (DBS) samples. METHODS The protocol uses a multiplex electrochemiluminescent immunoassay platform. The following measures of assay performance were evaluated: reliability (inter-assay percent coefficient of variation; %CV), precision (intra-assay %CV), lower limit of detection (LLD), linearity of dilution, and agreement with results from matched plasma samples. RESULTS Analysis of three control samples across the assay range indicated an acceptable level of precision and reliability for each cytokine. Linearity of dilution returned average values that ranged from 104.1 to 127.6% of expected. Lower limits of detection for IL6, IL8, and IL10 were <0.5, and <1.0 pg/ml for TNFα. Level of agreement in results between matched DBS and plasma samples was high for all cytokines except for IL8. CONCLUSIONS Finger stick DBS sampling provides a viable alternative to venipuncture for the quantification of IL6, IL10, and TNFα at low concentrations associated with chronic inflammation. The presence of red blood cells may interfere with the quantification of IL8 in DBS. In facilitating blood collection in nonclinical settings this method can advance scientific understandings of how social and ecological contexts shape immune function and health over the life course.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas W McDade
- Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA.,Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Aaron Miller
- Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Tina T Tran
- Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Ann E B Borders
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois, USA.,Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Greg Miller
- Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA.,Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Arnold JE, Camus MS, Freeman KP, Giori L, Hooijberg EH, Jeffery U, Korchia J, Meindel MJ, Moore AR, Sisson SC, Vap LM, Cook JR. ASVCP Guidelines: Principles of Quality Assurance and Standards for Veterinary Clinical Pathology (version 3.0): Developed by the American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology's (ASVCP) Quality Assurance and Laboratory Standards (QALS) Committee. Vet Clin Pathol 2020; 48:542-618. [PMID: 31889337 DOI: 10.1111/vcp.12810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Melinda S Camus
- Department of Pathology, University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, GA, USA
| | | | - Luca Giori
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Emma H Hooijberg
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Unity Jeffery
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Jérémie Korchia
- Texas A&M Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory, College Station, TX, USA
| | | | - A Russell Moore
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Sandra C Sisson
- Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Linda M Vap
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Carrasco-Benavides M, Antunez-Quilobrán J, Baffico-Hernández A, Ávila-Sánchez C, Ortega-Farías S, Espinoza S, Gajardo J, Mora M, Fuentes S. Performance Assessment of Thermal Infrared Cameras of Different Resolutions to Estimate Tree Water Status from Two Cherry Cultivars: An Alternative to Midday Stem Water Potential and Stomatal Conductance. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20123596. [PMID: 32630534 PMCID: PMC7349581 DOI: 10.3390/s20123596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The midday stem water potential (Ψs) and stomatal conductance (gs) have been traditionally used to monitor the water status of cherry trees (Prunus avium L.). Due to the complexity of direct measurement, the use of infrared thermography has been proposed as an alternative. This study compares Ψs and gs against crop water stress indexes (CWSI) calculated from thermal infrared (TIR) data from high-resolution (HR) and low-resolution (LR) cameras for two cherry tree cultivars: 'Regina' and 'Sweetheart'. For this purpose, a water stress-recovery cycle experiment was carried out at the post-harvest period in a commercial drip-irrigated cherry tree orchard under three irrigation treatments based on Ψs levels. The water status of trees was measured weekly using Ψs, gs, and compared to CWSIs, computed from both thermal cameras. Results showed that the accuracy in the estimation of CWSIs was not statistically significant when comparing both cameras for the representation of Ψs and gs in both cultivars. The performance of all evaluated physiological indicators presented similar trends for both cultivars, and the averaged differences between CWSI's from both cameras were 11 ± 0.27%. However, these CWSI's were not able to detect differences among irrigation treatments as compared to Ψs and gs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Carrasco-Benavides
- Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Universidad Católica del Maule, Curicó 3340000, Chile; (J.A.-Q.); (A.B.-H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +56-75-2-203592
| | - Javiera Antunez-Quilobrán
- Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Universidad Católica del Maule, Curicó 3340000, Chile; (J.A.-Q.); (A.B.-H.)
| | - Antonella Baffico-Hernández
- Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Universidad Católica del Maule, Curicó 3340000, Chile; (J.A.-Q.); (A.B.-H.)
| | - Carlos Ávila-Sánchez
- Research and Extension Center for Irrigation and Agroclimatology (CITRA) and Research Program on Adaptation of Agriculture to Climate Change (A2C2), Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; (C.Á.-S.); (S.O.-F.)
- Programa de Magíster en Hortofruticultura, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Samuel Ortega-Farías
- Research and Extension Center for Irrigation and Agroclimatology (CITRA) and Research Program on Adaptation of Agriculture to Climate Change (A2C2), Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; (C.Á.-S.); (S.O.-F.)
| | - Sergio Espinoza
- Departamento de Ciencias Forestales, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3460000, Chile;
| | - John Gajardo
- Instituto de Bosques y Sociedad, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Austral de Chile, Campus Isla Teja, Valdivia 5090000, Chile;
| | - Marco Mora
- Laboratory of Technological Research in Pattern Recognition (LITRP), Faculty of Engineering Science, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3480112, Chile;
| | - Sigfredo Fuentes
- Digital Agriculture, Food and Wine Group, School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia;
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Use of radar plots to compare the analytical performance of five blood glucose monitoring systems. Ther Deliv 2019; 10:783-792. [PMID: 31674291 DOI: 10.4155/tde-2019-0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The radar plot is a relatively new way of communicating blood glucose monitoring system (BGMS) accuracy and precision: data points positioned within concentric circles represent the magnitude (increasing with distance from center) and direction (relative to horizontal) of BGMS-error (center = equivalency with reference instrument measurement). This manuscript aims to demonstrate the utility of radar plots as visual tools for interpretation of BGMS analytical performance. Results & methodology: Radar plots were constructed for five BGMSs, to compare BGMS blood glucose results with reference instrument measurements. Conclusion: Radar plots are a useful tool for the visualization of BGMS analytical performance, communicating accuracy, precision and the satisfaction of certain regulatory criteria at a glance.
Collapse
|
13
|
Akdogan RE, Srialluri S, Abdelsalam MGA, Hsiung MC, Nanda NC, Fadala H, Yin WH. Incremental value of right parasternal transthoracic echocardiographic examination over the left parasternal approach in assessing ascending aorta size: Additional benefit of three-dimensional echocardiography. Echocardiography 2019; 36:1306-1314. [PMID: 31215702 DOI: 10.1111/echo.14412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ascending aorta (AA) has not been well studied using two-dimensional right parasternal transthoracic echocardiographic examination (2DRPE). AIM The aim of the present study was to assess the incremental value of 2DRPE over two-dimensional left parasternal transthoracic echocardiographic examination (2DLPE) in evaluating the size of AA in adult patients (pts) and, secondly, to determine whether live/real time three-dimensional (3D) RPE provided any additional benefit over 2DRPE. MATERIALS AND METHODS The AA was successfully imaged by 2DLPE, 2DRPE, and 3D RPE in 87 of 141 (61.7%) pts which comprised of two groups of consecutive pts separated by an interval of 2 weeks. RESULTS The maximum length of AA visualized by 2DRPE (4.98 ± 0.89) was larger than 2DLPE in 76/87(87%) pts (P < 0.001). Both the maximum systolic AA inner luminal width and leading edge-to-leading edge width by 2DRPE were greater than 2DLPE (P < 0.001). Similar to other noninvasive imaging modalities where mid-AA width is taken at level of right pulmonary artery, mid-AA width could also be taken at this level by 2DRPE in 79/87(91%) pts since this landmark was visualized during 2DRPE. However, this vessel could be visualized in only 2/87 (2%) pts with 2DLPE. 3DRPE conferred additional benefit over 2DRPE. The maximal AA length by 3DRPE was larger than 2DRPE in 60/87(69%) pts, and the maximal inner lumen and leading edge to leading edge widths were larger in 54/87(62%) and 66/87(76%) pts, respectively. CONCLUSION Our preliminary study demonstrates significant incremental value of 2DRPE over 2DLPE in the assessment of AA. 3DRPE confers an additional advantage over 2DRPE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raziye E Akdogan
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Swetha Srialluri
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Mahmoud G A Abdelsalam
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Ming C Hsiung
- Division of Cardiology, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Navin C Nanda
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Hanan Fadala
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Wei-Hsian Yin
- Heart Center, Cheng Hsin General Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chaianantakul N, Wutthi K, Kamput N, Pramanpol N, Janphuang P, Pummara W, Phimon K, Phatthanakun R. Development of mini-spectrophotometer for determination of plasma glucose. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 204:670-676. [PMID: 29982158 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.06.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This work demonstrates a novel compact spectrophotometer, "Mini-spectrophotometer", designed for plasma glucose detection. Unlike conventional spectrophotometer, a light source of the mini spectrophotometer is replaced by a light-emitting diode (LED), and a fabricated polymer-based microwell is used as a cuvette. To validate the downsizing spectrophotometer prototype, the efficiency and reliability for glucose determination are investigated. Using a certain light intensified from LED, the within-run precision of mini-spectrophotometer is found to be 3.9-8.4% while the between-run precision is 6.7-10.8%. The linearity for the quantification of glucose was up to 500 mg dL-1 and the recovery 99.1 ± 3.4% is obtained. The sensitive and selective detection of glucose has been observed; with limit of detection (LOD) of 13.5 mg dL-1 and limit of quantification (LOQ) of 46.2 mg dL-1, respectively. Hemoglobin and triglyceride at high concentration slightly interferes with the proposed instrument. From comparative studies, there are no significant differences between the glucose concentration measured by mini-spectrophotometer and Shimadzu (r2 = 0.9862) or CECIL spectrophotometer (r2 = 0.9853). Using Passing-Bablok regression analysis, the results obtained from mini-spectrophotometer are in close agreement with the two conventional spectrophotometers. Furthermore, using microwell, the sample volume and reagent used in the process can be reduced. The in-house developed mini-spectrophotometer is capable of detecting plasma glucose while maintaining a compact system, demonstrating the potential of high performance, cost-effective, and portable spectrophotometer for clinical chemistry analysis in small routine, research, and teaching medical laboratory technologist.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natpasit Chaianantakul
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand.
| | - Kanchaporn Wutthi
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Nattanit Kamput
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Nuttawan Pramanpol
- Synchrotron Light Research Institute (Public Organization), Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Pattanaphong Janphuang
- Synchrotron Light Research Institute (Public Organization), Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Watcharapon Pummara
- Synchrotron Light Research Institute (Public Organization), Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Kantapon Phimon
- Synchrotron Light Research Institute (Public Organization), Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Rungrueang Phatthanakun
- Synchrotron Light Research Institute (Public Organization), Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Leal Yepes F, Nydam D, Heuwieser W, Mann S. Technical note: Evaluation of the diagnostic accuracy of 2 point-of-care β-hydroxybutyrate devices in stored bovine plasma at room temperature and at 37°C. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:6455-6461. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-13960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
16
|
Software Code Smell Prediction Model Using Shannon, Rényi and Tsallis Entropies. ENTROPY 2018; 20:e20050372. [PMID: 33265462 PMCID: PMC7512890 DOI: 10.3390/e20050372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The current era demands high quality software in a limited time period to achieve new goals and heights. To meet user requirements, the source codes undergo frequent modifications which can generate the bad smells in software that deteriorate the quality and reliability of software. Source code of the open source software is easily accessible by any developer, thus frequently modifiable. In this paper, we have proposed a mathematical model to predict the bad smells using the concept of entropy as defined by the Information Theory. Open-source software Apache Abdera is taken into consideration for calculating the bad smells. Bad smells are collected using a detection tool from sub components of the Apache Abdera project, and different measures of entropy (Shannon, Rényi and Tsallis entropy). By applying non-linear regression techniques, the bad smells that can arise in the future versions of software are predicted based on the observed bad smells and entropy measures. The proposed model has been validated using goodness of fit parameters (prediction error, bias, variation, and Root Mean Squared Prediction Error (RMSPE)). The values of model performance statistics ( R 2 , adjusted R 2 , Mean Square Error (MSE) and standard error) also justify the proposed model. We have compared the results of the prediction model with the observed results on real data. The results of the model might be helpful for software development industries and future researchers.
Collapse
|
17
|
Validation of MODIS C6 Dark Target Aerosol Products at 3 km and 10 km Spatial Resolutions Over the China Seas and the Eastern Indian Ocean. REMOTE SENSING 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/rs10040573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
|
18
|
Sadler Simões S, Castañera Ajenjo A, Dias MJ. Dried blood spots combined to an UPLC–MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of drugs of abuse in forensic toxicology. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 147:634-644. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
19
|
Frøssing S, Nylander MC, Chabanova E, Kistorp C, Skouby SO, Faber J. Quantification of visceral adipose tissue in polycystic ovary syndrome: dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry versus magnetic resonance imaging. Acta Radiol 2018; 59:13-17. [PMID: 28534418 DOI: 10.1177/0284185117711475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with frequent overweight and abdominal obesity. Quantifying visceral adipose tissue (VAT) in PCOS patients can be a tool to assess metabolic risk and monitor effects of treatment. The latest dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) technology can measure VAT and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) in a clinical setting. Purpose To compare DXA-measurements of VAT and SAT with the gold standard MRI in women with PCOS. Material and Methods A cross-sectional study of 67 overweight women with PCOS was performed. Measurements of VAT and SAT were performed by DXA in a 5-cm thick transverse slice at the L4/L5 level and by MRI in a 1-cm thick transverse slice at the L3 level. Results Mean (SD) DXA-VAT was 81 (34) cm3, DXA-SAT was 498 (118) cm3, MRI-VAT was 117 (48) cm3, and MRI-SAT was 408 (122) cm3. MRI and DXA measures of VAT (r = 0.82, P < 0.001) and SAT (r = 0.92, P < 0.001) correlated closely, and DXA-VAT was stronger correlated with MRI-VAT than BMI (r = 0.62, P < 0.001) and waist circumference (r = 0.60, P < 0.001). DXA-VAT coefficient of variance was 6.7% and inter correlation coefficient was 0.98. Bland-Altman analyses showed DXA to slightly underestimate VAT and SAT measurements compared with MRI. Conclusion DXA and MRI measurements of VAT and SAT correlated closely despite different size of region of interest, and DXA-VAT was superior to waist circumference and BMI in estimating MRI-VAT. DXA showed high reproducibility making it is suitable for repeated measurements in the same individual over time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Signe Frøssing
- Center of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Dept. of Internal medicine, Herlev Gentofte Hospital, Denmark
| | | | | | - Caroline Kistorp
- Center of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Dept. of Internal medicine, Herlev Gentofte Hospital, Denmark
| | - Sven O Skouby
- Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Herlev Gentofte Hospital, Denmark
| | - Jens Faber
- Center of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Dept. of Internal medicine, Herlev Gentofte Hospital, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Slurry sampling high-resolution continuum source electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry for direct beryllium determination in soil and sediment samples after elimination of SiO interference by least-squares background correction. Talanta 2017; 175:93-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
|
21
|
Ungerer JPJ, Pretorius CJ. Method comparison – a practical approach based on error identification. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 56:1-4. [DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2017-0842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacobus Petrus Johannes Ungerer
- Director of Chemical Pathology, Pathology Queensland, Queensland Health , Block 7, Royal Brisbane Hospital , Brisbane, 4029 QLD , Australia , Phone: +61 7 3646 8420, Fax: +61 7 3646 1392
| | - Carel Jacobus Pretorius
- Chemical Pathologist, Pathology Queensland, Queensland Health , Brisbane , Australia ; and University of Queensland, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences , Brisbane , Australia
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Gordillo MA, Soto-Monsalve M, Carmona-Vargas CC, Gutiérrez G, D'vries RF, Lehn JM, Chaur MN. Photochemical and Electrochemical Triggered Bis(hydrazone) Switch. Chemistry 2017; 23:14872-14882. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mónica A. Gordillo
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas; Universidad del Valle, A.A; 25360 Cali Colombia
| | - Mónica Soto-Monsalve
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos; Universidade de São Paulo; 13566-590 São Carlos Brazil
| | - Christian C. Carmona-Vargas
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas; Universidad del Valle, A.A; 25360 Cali Colombia
| | - Gustavo Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas; Universidad Icesi, Cali; Colombia
| | - Richard F. D'vries
- Facultad de Ciencias Básicas; Universidad Santiago de Cali; Cali Colombia
| | - Jean-Marie Lehn
- Laboratoire de Chimie Supramoléculaire, Institut de Science et d'Ingéniere Supramoléculaires; Université de Strasbourg; 8 Allée Gaspard Monge 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Manuel N. Chaur
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas; Universidad del Valle, A.A; 25360 Cali Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Pardo S, Dunne N, Simmons DA. Using Radar Plots to Demonstrate the Accuracy and Precision of 6 Blood Glucose Monitoring Systems. J Diabetes Sci Technol 2017; 11:966-969. [PMID: 28604065 PMCID: PMC5950999 DOI: 10.1177/1932296817713026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previously, fingertip capillary blood glucose measurements from the CONTOUR®NEXT (CN) blood glucose monitoring system (BGMS) and 5 other BGMSs were evaluated in comparison with measurements from a reference YSI glucose analyzer. Here, we use Radar Plots to graphically represent the accuracy and precision results from the previous study, including whether they met ISO 15197:2013 accuracy criteria. METHOD A Radar Plot, a new method for capturing a distinct, single visualization of BGMS analytical performance, is a collection of concentric circles, each representing a particular magnitude of error. The center of the plot represents zero error (BGMS result is equivalent to reference result); as points are more distant from the center, the error increases, expressed in units of mg/dL or percentage for YSI values <100 and ≥100 mg/dL, respectively. The position of the data point above or below the horizontal line bisecting the plot indicates whether the BGMS measurement error was positive (BGMS result > YSI result) or negative (BGMS result < YSI result). Points within the "15-15 Zone," representing ±15 mg/dL or ±15% error, satisfy ISO 15197:2013 accuracy criteria. RESULTS The percentage of results within the 15-15 Zone ranged from 83.6% to 99.8% for the 6 BGMSs (99.6% for CN). CONCLUSIONS Radar Plots provide a different method for visually comparing the analytical performance of multiple BGMSs. The tight clustering of data points at the center of the CN Radar Plot illustrates the analytical performance of CN compared with 5 other BGMSs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nancy Dunne
- Ascensia Diabetes Care, Parsippany, NJ
- Nancy Dunne, RN, BSN, MPH, CDE, Ascensia Diabetes Care,5 Wood Hollow Rd, Parsippany, NJ 07054.
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Moran RF. Point-of-Care vs Central Lab “Discrepancies”: Getting the Message Across. J Appl Lab Med 2017; 1:595-597. [DOI: 10.1373/jalm.2016.021485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
25
|
Freeman KP, Flatland B. Studies of instrument/method comparison, as part of validation for use in veterinary species. Vet Clin Pathol 2017; 46:5-8. [DOI: 10.1111/vcp.12455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bente Flatland
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine University of Tennessee Knoxville TN USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Bae YJ, Gaudl A, Jaeger S, Stadelmann S, Hiemisch A, Kiess W, Willenberg A, Schaab M, von Klitzing K, Thiery J, Ceglarek U, Döhnert M, Kratzsch J. Immunoassay or LC-MS/MS for the measurement of salivary cortisol in children? Clin Chem Lab Med 2017; 54:811-22. [PMID: 26562033 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2015-0412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysregulation of the adrenal cortex has been assessed with measurement of salivary cortisol. So far salivary cortisol is routinely measured with immunoassay (IA). However, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (MS) is known to offer better specificity. We compared the concentrations of salivary cortisol measured by MS and IA at basal and stress induced conditions and evaluated reasons for the difference in method-dependent cortisol results. METHODS Saliva samples (n=2703) were collected from 169 children (age range: 8-14 years; 81 healthy children; 55 with internalizing and 33 with externalizing disorders) under circadian conditions and during the Trier Social Stress Test for Children (TSST-C). Biochemical analyses were performed with MS for cortisol and cortisone, IA (IBL, RE62011) for cortisol, and enzyme kinetic assay for α-amylase. RESULTS MS and IA showed mostly comparable results for circadian activity and TSST-C response with similar statistical power. However, IA measured cortisol concentrations about 2.39-fold higher than MS. We found that this difference in measured values between MS and IA was mainly due to different standardization of IA compared to MS. In addition, at cortisol IA concentration below 5 nmol/L, cross-reactivity with cortisone was found to contribute to the lower concordance between MS and IA. CONCLUSIONS Immunoassay and LC-MS/MS were largely comparable in the interpretation of salivary cortisol dynamics in stress research. But the IA method revealed a restricted accuracy in the measuring range below 5 nmol/L.
Collapse
|
27
|
Karvaly G, Mészáros K, Kovács K, Patócs A, Sipák Z, Vásárhelyi B. Looking beyond linear regression and Bland-Altman plots: a comparison of the clinical performance of 25-hydroxyvitamin D tests. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 55:385-393. [DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2016-0536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractBackground:The systematic evaluation of the clinical concordance of various 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) testing methods is presented. The need for this approach is raised by the discrepancies in the analytical performance of the available assays.Methods:The analytical and clinical performance of six automated 25OHD assays and an in-house liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was investigated. Leftover serum samples (n=162, SA: n=114) were analyzed and all 21 assay combinations were evaluated. The utility of Cohen’s κ values was assessed by transforming them into minimum percentage agreement (MPA). McNemar’s hypothesis test was employed for testing the symmetry of the disagreeing classification outcomes within each method pair.Results:Depending on the assay method, the ratio of results classified as positive (<20 ng/mL) was 13.5%–40.0%. The percentage agreement (PA) was 74.1%–92.6%. Compared to other methods, significantly more hypovitaminosis cases were delivered by DiaSorin Liaison® 25 OH vitamin D Total (DL) and significantly fewer by IDS-iSYS 25-Hydroxy Vitamin DS (II). The strongest clinical concordance was exerted by II vs. LC-MS/MS. The κ-derived MPA showed close similarity to the PA scores. McNemar’s tests confirmed the asymmetry of the disagreement in the classification in 14 method combinations.Conclusions:The presented approach allows the prediction of the clinical consequences of a 25OHD method transfer. Differences in the clinical classification of assay results are likely encountered when transferring to a new method, even between assays standardized according to the Vitamin D Standardization Program (VDSP) Reference Method Procedure (RMP).
Collapse
|
28
|
Marques FJ, Coelho CA, Rodrigues PC. Testing the equality of several linear regression models. Comput Stat 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00180-016-0703-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
29
|
Gras JM, Henry N, Othmane M, Vranken GR. Assessment of FUS-200 Performance: Comparison with Quantitative Urine Culture Shows that Identifying the Right Cutoff for Optimizing Analyzer Performance Is Challenging. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 1:365-375. [DOI: 10.1373/jalm.2016.021154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
30
|
Gordillo MA, Soto-Monsalve M, Gutiérrez G, D'vries RF, Chaur MN. Theoretical and experimental comparative study of a derivative from 2-pyridinecarboxaldehyde which exhibits configurational dynamics. J Mol Struct 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2016.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
31
|
Wang Q, Mesaros C, Blair IA. Ultra-high sensitivity analysis of estrogens for special populations in serum and plasma by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry: Assay considerations and suggested practices. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2016; 162:70-9. [PMID: 26767303 PMCID: PMC4931956 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen measurements play an important role in the clinical evaluation of many endocrine disorders as well as in research on the role of hormones in human biology and disease. It remains an analytical challenge to quantify estrogens and their metabolites in specimens from special populations including older men, children, postmenopausal women and women receiving aromatase inhibitors. Historically, immunoassays have been used for measuring estrogens and their metabolites in biological samples for risk assessment. However, the lack of specificity and accuracy of immunoassay-based methods has caused significant problems when interpreting data generated from epidemiological studies and across different laboratories. Stable isotope dilution (SID) methodology coupled with liquid chromatography-selected reaction monitoring-mass spectrometry (LC-SRM/MS) is now accepted as the 'gold-standard' to quantify estrogens and their metabolites in serum and plasma due to improved specificity, high accuracy, and the ability to monitor multiple estrogens when compared with immunoassays. Ultra-high sensitivity can be obtained with pre-ionized derivatives when using triple quadruple mass spectrometers in the selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode coupled with nanoflow LC. In this review, we have examined the special issues related to utilizing ultra-high sensitivity SID LC-SRM/MS-based methodology to accurately quantify estrogens and their metabolites in the serum and plasma from populations with low estrogen levels. The major issues that are discussed include: sample preparation for both unconjugated and conjugated estrogens, derivatization, chromatographic separation, matrix effects, and assay validation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Wang
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology and Penn SRP Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Clementina Mesaros
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology and Penn SRP Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Ian A Blair
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology and Penn SRP Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Earthman CP. Body Composition Tools for Assessment of Adult Malnutrition at the Bedside: A Tutorial on Research Considerations and Clinical Applications. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2016; 39:787-822. [PMID: 26287016 DOI: 10.1177/0148607115595227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Because of the key role played by the body's lean tissue reserves (of which skeletal muscle is a major component) in the response to injury and illness, its maintenance is of central importance to nutrition status. With the recent development of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics/American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition diagnostic framework for malnutrition, the loss of muscle mass has been recognized as one of the defining criteria. Objective methods to evaluate muscle loss in individuals with acute and chronic illness are needed. Bioimpedance and ultrasound techniques are currently the best options for the clinical setting; however, additional research is needed to investigate how best to optimize measurements and minimize error and to establish if these techniques (and which specific approaches) can uniquely contribute to the assessment of malnutrition, beyond more subjective evaluation methods. In this tutorial, key concepts and statistical methods used in the validation of bedside methods to assess lean tissue compartments are discussed. Body composition assessment methods that are most widely available for practice and research in the clinical setting are presented, and clinical cases are used to illustrate how the clinician might use bioimpedance and/or ultrasound as a tool to assess nutrition status at the bedside. Future research needs regarding malnutrition assessment are identified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carrie P Earthman
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, St Paul, Minnesota
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Computed exercise plasma lactate concentrations: A conversion formula. Pract Lab Med 2016; 4:11-15. [PMID: 28856187 PMCID: PMC5574503 DOI: 10.1016/j.plabm.2015.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|
34
|
Raposo F. Evaluation of analytical calibration based on least-squares linear regression for instrumental techniques: A tutorial review. Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2015.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
35
|
Cross-Calibration of GE Healthcare Lunar Prodigy and iDXA Dual-Energy X-Ray Densitometers for Bone Mineral Measurements. J Osteoporos 2016; 2016:1424582. [PMID: 27239366 PMCID: PMC4863119 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1424582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In long-term prospective studies, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) devices need to be inevitably changed. It is essential to assess whether systematic differences will exist between measurements with the new and old device. A group of female volunteers (21-72 years) underwent anteroposterior lumbar spine L2-L4 (n = 72), proximal femur (n = 72), and total body (n = 62) measurements with the Prodigy and the iDXA scanners at the same visit. The bone mineral density (BMD) measurements with these two scanners showed a high linear association at all tested sites (r = 0.962-0.995; p < 0.0001). The average iDXA BMD values were 1.5%, 0.5%, and 0.9% higher than those of Prodigy for lumbar spine (L2-L4) (p < 0.0001), femoral neck (p = 0.048), and total hip (p < 0.0001), respectively. Total body BMD values measured with the iDXA were -1.3% lower (p < 0.0001) than those measured with the Prodigy. For total body, lumbar spine, and femoral neck, the BMD differences as measured with these two devices were independent of subject height and weight. Linear correction equations were developed to ensure comparability of BMD measurements obtained with both DXA scanners. Importantly, use of equations from previous studies would have increased the discrepancy between these particular DXA scanners, especially at hip and at spine.
Collapse
|
36
|
Abstract
Blood glucose meter system analytical performance is assessed by comparing pairs of meter system and reference instrument blood glucose measurements measured over time and across a broad array of glucose values. Consequently, no single, complete, and ideal parameter can fully describe the difference between meter system and reference results. Instead, a number of assessment tools, both graphical (eg, regression plots, modified Bland-Altman plots, and error grid analysis) and tabular (eg, International Organization for Standardization guidelines, mean absolute difference, and mean absolute relative difference) have been developed to evaluate meter system performance. The strengths and weaknesses of these methods of presenting meter system performance data, including a new method known as Radar Plots, are described here.
Collapse
|
37
|
Colson K, Potter A, Conde-Glez C, Hernandez B, Ríos-Zertuche D, Zúñiga-Brenes P, Collaborators SM, Iriarte E, Mokdad AH. Use of a commercial ELISA for the detection of measles-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) in dried blood spots collected from children living in low-resource settings. J Med Virol 2015; 87:1491-9. [DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Revised: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 11/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K.Ellicott Colson
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation at the University of Washington; Seattle Washington USA
| | - Alan Potter
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; University of Washington; Seattle Washington USA
| | | | - Bernardo Hernandez
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation at the University of Washington; Seattle Washington USA
| | | | | | - SM Collaborators
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation at the University of Washington; Seattle Washington USA
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública; Cuernavaca México
- El Colegio de la Frontera Sur-Mexico; San Cristóbal de Las Casas; México
- El Centro de Investigación y Estudios en Salud de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Nicaragua; Managua Nicaragua
| | - Emma Iriarte
- Salud Mesoamérica/Inter-American Development Bank; Panama City Panama
| | - Ali H. Mokdad
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation at the University of Washington; Seattle Washington USA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Martínez-Mancera FD, García-López P, Hernández-López JL. Pre-clinical validation study of a miniaturized electrochemical immunoassay based on square wave voltammetry for early detection of carcinoembryonic antigen in human serum. Clin Chim Acta 2015; 444:199-205. [PMID: 25689793 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2015.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2014] [Revised: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ELISA format for measuring carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) serves as a reference standard against which other assays are compared. Because the World Health Organization (WHO) increasingly recommends the use of serum CEA as a diagnostic tool for cancer, it is relevant to explore the reliability of the new decentralized CEA point-of-care-testing (POCT) technologies that are available to physicians and patients, in compliance with mandates of the clinical laboratories' regulatory agencies. METHODS Electrochemical immunoassay (ECIA) based on trace lead (Pb) analysis by anodic stripping techniques using sandwich-type immunocomplex conjugates: (MB)Ab/AgCEA/Ab(PbS), and a commercial ELISA test system with optical transmission. RESULTS The ECIA provides better analytical performance than does the ELISA. The within assay precision coefficient of variance (%CVw) of the ECIA is lower than the value recommended by the Hong Kong Association of Medical Laboratories (HKAML), and the recoveries of CEA at 1.0, 5.0, 10.0, 25.0 and 50.0 ng/ml are in the range of 99-110% for control serum samples. The ECIA showed a minimal positive bias of 0.0267 ± 0.3270 ng/ml (P=0.9389). CONCLUSIONS The proposed CEA screening technology can be practically employed for decentralized clinical analysis of CEA in human serum. Therefore, it can be viewed as a control method for personalized therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Flavio Dolores Martínez-Mancera
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Electroquímica, S.C., Parque Tecnológico Querétaro S/N, P.O. Box 064, Pedro Escobedo, Querétaro C.P. 76703, Mexico
| | - Patricia García-López
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. San Fernando No. 22, Col. Sección XVI, Del. Tlalpan, México, D.F., C.P. 14080, Mexico
| | - José Luis Hernández-López
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Electroquímica, S.C., Parque Tecnológico Querétaro S/N, P.O. Box 064, Pedro Escobedo, Querétaro C.P. 76703, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Gonzalez D, Melloni C, Poindexter BB, Yogev R, Atz AM, Sullivan JE, Mendley SR, Delmore P, Delinsky A, Zimmerman K, Lewandowski A, Harper B, Lewis KC, Benjamin DK, Cohen-Wolkowiez M. Simultaneous determination of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole in dried plasma and urine spots. Bioanalysis 2015; 7:1137-49. [PMID: 26039810 PMCID: PMC4455038 DOI: 10.4155/bio.15.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) is an antimicrobial drug combination commonly prescribed in children and adults. The study objectives were to validate and apply an HPLC-MS/MS method to quantify TMP-SMX in dried plasma spots (DPS) and dried urine spots (DUS), and perform a comparability analysis with liquid matrices. RESULTS For TMP the validated range was 100-50,000 ng/ml for DPS and 500-250,000 ng/ml for DUS; for SMX, the validated range was 1000-500,000 ng/ml for both DPS and DUS. Good agreement was noted between DPS/DUS and liquid plasma and urine samples for TMP, while only modest agreement was observed for SMX in both matrices. CONCLUSION A precise, accurate and reproducible method was developed to quantify TMP-SMX in DPS and DUS samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Gonzalez
- Division of Pharmacotherapy & Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Chiara Melloni
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Brenda B Poindexter
- Department of Pediatrics, Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Ram Yogev
- Ann & Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Andrew M Atz
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Janice E Sullivan
- Kosair Charities Pediatric Clinical Research Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Kosair Children's Hospital, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Susan R Mendley
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Paula Delmore
- Department of Neonatology, Wesley Medical Center, Wichita, KS, USA
| | - Amy Delinsky
- OpAns, LLC, 4134 S Alston Ave # 101, Durham, NC 27713, USA
| | - Kanecia Zimmerman
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Barrie Harper
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Daniel K Benjamin
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Michael Cohen-Wolkowiez
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Sugden K, Danese A, Shalev I, Williams BS, Caspi A. Blood Substrate Collection and Handling Procedures under Pseudo-Field Conditions: Evaluation of Suitability for Inflammatory Biomarker Measurement. BIODEMOGRAPHY AND SOCIAL BIOLOGY 2015; 61:273-84. [PMID: 26652682 PMCID: PMC4699675 DOI: 10.1080/19485565.2015.1062717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Routine incorporation of blood-based biomarker measurements in population studies has been hampered by challenges in obtaining samples suitable for biomarker assessment outside of laboratory settings. Here, we assessed the suitability of venous blood left unprocessed for 4, 24, or 48 hours post-collection at either room temperature or 4°C for quantification of two biomarkers, Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP). Blood samples were collected in both K2EDTA tubes and a dedicated plasma-preservation tube, P100. Dried blood spot (DBS) samples from the same subjects were also collected in order to compare delayed-processing plasma performance against a popular alternative collection method. We found that K2EDTA mean plasma concentrations of both IL-6 and CRP were not significantly different from concentrations in plasma processed immediately; this was observed for tubes stored up to 48 hours pre-processing at either temperature. Concentrations of IL-6 measured in P100 tubes showed significant time-dependent increases when stored at room temperature; otherwise, levels of IL-6 and CRP were similar to those found in samples processed immediately. Levels of CRP in DBS were correlated with plasma CRP levels, even when pre-processed blood was stored for up to 48 hours. These data indicate that plasma is suitable for IL-6 and CRP estimation under data collection conditions that involve processing delays.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karen Sugden
- a Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, U.S.A, Center for Genomic and Computational Biology , Duke University , Durham , NC , U.S.A
| | - Andrea Danese
- b Institute of Psychiatry , King's College London , London , United Kingdom
| | - Idan Shalev
- c Department of Biobehavioral Health, Network on Child Protection and Well-Being, Social Science Research Institute , Pennsylvania State University , University Park , PA , U.S.A
| | - Benjamin S Williams
- d Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, U.S.A., Center for Genomic and Computational Biology , Duke University , Durham , NC , U.S.A
| | - Avshalom Caspi
- e Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA, Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, U.S.A., Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA, Social, Genetic, and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry , King's College London , London , United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Flatland B, Friedrichs KR, Klenner S. Differentiating between analytical and diagnostic performance evaluation with a focus on the method comparison study and identification of bias. Vet Clin Pathol 2014; 43:475-86. [DOI: 10.1111/vcp.12199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bente Flatland
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine; University of Tennessee; Knoxville TN USA
| | - Kristen R. Friedrichs
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences; School of Veterinary Medicine; University of Wisconsin-Madison; Madison WI USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Spot them in the spot: analysis of abused substances using dried blood spots. Bioanalysis 2014; 6:2211-27. [DOI: 10.4155/bio.14.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Dried blood spot (DBS) sampling and DBS analysis have increasingly received attention during recent years. Furthermore, a substantial number of DBS methods has recently become available in clinical, forensic and occupational toxicology. In this review, we provide an overview of the different DBS-based methods that have been developed for detecting (markers of) abused substances. These include both legal and illegal drugs belonging to different categories, including cannabinoids, cocaine and metabolites, opioids, benzodiazepines and Z-drugs, amphetamines and analogs, gamma-hydroxybutyric acid, ketamine and novel psychoactive substances such as cathinones. Markers of ethanol consumption and tobacco use are also covered in this review. Since the majority of published methods has shown promising results overall, an interesting role for DBS analysis in diverse toxicological applications can be envisaged. For the distinct applications, we discuss the specific potential and benefits of DBS, the associated limitations and challenges, as well as recent developments and future perspectives.
Collapse
|
43
|
Oftedal O, Eisert R, Barrell G. Comparison of analytical and predictive methods for water, protein, fat, sugar, and gross energy in marine mammal milk. J Dairy Sci 2014; 97:4713-32. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2014-7895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2014] [Accepted: 04/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
44
|
Aloraefy M, Pfefer TJ, Ramella-Roman JC, Sapsford KE. In vitro evaluation of fluorescence glucose biosensor response. SENSORS 2014; 14:12127-48. [PMID: 25006996 PMCID: PMC4168472 DOI: 10.3390/s140712127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Revised: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Rapid, accurate, and minimally-invasive glucose biosensors based on Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) for glucose measurement have the potential to enhance diabetes control. However, a standard set of in vitro approaches for evaluating optical glucose biosensor response under controlled conditions would facilitate technological innovation and clinical translation. Towards this end, we have identified key characteristics and response test methods, fabricated FRET-based glucose biosensors, and characterized biosensor performance using these test methods. The biosensors were based on competitive binding between dextran and glucose to concanavalin A and incorporated long-wavelength fluorescence dye pairs. Testing characteristics included spectral response, linearity, sensitivity, limit of detection, kinetic response, reversibility, stability, precision, and accuracy. The biosensor demonstrated a fluorescence change of 45% in the presence of 400 mg/dL glucose, a mean absolute relative difference of less than 11%, a limit of detection of 25 mg/dL, a response time of 15 min, and a decay in fluorescence intensity of 72% over 30 days. The battery of tests presented here for objective, quantitative in vitro evaluation of FRET glucose biosensors performance have the potential to form the basis of future consensus standards. By implementing these test methods for a long-visible-wavelength biosensor, we were able to demonstrate strengths and weaknesses with a new level of thoroughness and rigor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mamdouh Aloraefy
- Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.
| | - T Joshua Pfefer
- Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.
| | - Jessica C Ramella-Roman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USA.
| | - Kim E Sapsford
- Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
McDade TW. Development and validation of assay protocols for use with dried blood spot samples. Am J Hum Biol 2013; 26:1-9. [PMID: 24130128 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.22463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Revised: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Dried blood spots (DBS)--drops of capillary whole blood collected from finger stick--represent a minimally invasive alternative to venipuncture that facilitates the collection of blood samples from research participants in naturalistic, field-based research settings. But the number of validated assays for quantifying biomarkers in DBS samples is relatively low in comparison with serum or plasma. The objective of this review is to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of DBS sampling, and to outline the steps involved in developing and validating an immunoassay for application to DBS samples. These steps include deciding on reagents, preparing calibration and quality control material, evaluating elution protocols, optimizing sample quantity, and assessing multiple aspects of assay performance, including intra- and interassay variation, lower limit of detection, accuracy, stability, and agreement between results from matched DBS and plasma samples. The broader goal of this "how-to" approach is to encourage investigators to validate, implement, and disseminate assay protocols for DBS samples in order to advance field-based research on human biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas W McDade
- Department of Anthropology and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, 60208
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Karapinar T, Kaynar O, Hayirli A, Kom M. Evaluation of 4 point-of-care units for the determination of blood l-lactate concentration in cattle. J Vet Intern Med 2013; 27:1596-603. [PMID: 24118259 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.12204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2012] [Revised: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite being used commonly in bovine medicine, information on reliability of point-of-care (POC) lactate meters is limited. OBJECTIVE To determine the validity of 4 commercially available POC lactate meters in cattle. ANIMALS Cattle with various diseases (n = 120). METHODS Blood samples collected from the jugular vein were processed immediately on POC lactate meters. Plasma l-lactate concentration was measured by the enzymatic-colorimetric method (ELISA). Data were subjected to Friedman's test for comparison, Passing-Bablok regression and Bland-Altman plot analyses for reliability, and receiver operating characteristics analysis for sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp). RESULTS The POC lactate meters were highly correlated with ELISA (r = 0.98-0.99) despite disagreements among units. When regressed on ELISA, blood l-lactate concentrations generated from Accutrend Plus and Lactate Pro were linear up to 16.6 and 15.7 mmol/L, respectively, whereas those generated from i-STAT and Lactate Scout were linear up to 19.5 and 19.7 mmol/L, respectively. All POC lactate meters had a Se of 100% with Sp of 95.7-98.6% at a plasma l-lactate cut-off concentration of 4 mmol/L. i-STAT had the best accuracy (99.0%) and precision (99.8%), the best linear fit (y = -0.13 + 1.04X) yielding the lowest bias (-6.6%) as well as the highest Se (100%) and Sp (98.6%). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Despite high correlation with the reference method, dilution is needed for Accutrend Plus/Lactate Pro and i-STAT/Lactate Scout if concentrations >15 and 20 mmol/L, respectively. i-STAT provided the most accurate and precise results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Karapinar
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Constable PD, Tinkler SH, Couëtil LL. Comparison of two analyzers for measurement of plasma total carbon dioxide concentration in horses. Am J Vet Res 2013; 74:1091-102. [PMID: 23879847 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.74.8.1091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the degree of agreement between 2 analyzers for measurement of total CO₂ concentration (ctCO₂) in equine plasma. ANIMALS 6 healthy untrained horses, 6 trained Standardbreds undergoing a simulated race protocol, and 135 trained Standardbreds at a racetrack. PROCEDURES Jugular venous blood samples were obtained from all horses. Two analyzers (commonly used analyzer A and less expensive analyzer B) were used to measure plasma ctCO₂ in each sample. Validation of both analyzers was conducted in accordance with guidelines established by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute and involved characterization of linearity, total analytic error, and bias estimation. RESULTS Total analytic error (instrument SD) was 0.58 mmol/L (coefficient of variation, 1.6%) and 0.49 mmol/L (coefficient of variation, 1.4%) for analyzers A and B, respectively, when measuring an aqueous standard containing 36.0 mmol of CO₂/L. A 1 g/L decrease in plasma protein concentration corresponded to an increase in ctCO₂ measured with analyzer B of 0.065 mmol/L. A difference plot indicated that analyzer B produced values 2.7% higher than analyzer A for 103 samples from the 6 trained and exercised Standardbreds (mean plasma protein concentration, 67 g/L). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Analyzer B provided adequate precision and linearity for measurement of ctCO₂ from 5 to 40 mmol/L and was therefore suitable for measuring ctCO₂ in equine plasma, provided allowances are made for changes in plasma protein concentration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter D Constable
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Haneder S, Konstandin S, Morelli JN, Schad LR, Schoenberg SO, Michaely HJ. Assessment of the renal corticomedullary (23)Na gradient using isotropic data sets. Acad Radiol 2013; 20:407-13. [PMID: 23498980 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2012.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2012] [Revised: 09/27/2012] [Accepted: 10/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES (23)Na magnetic resonance imaging is a promising technique for the noninvasive imaging of renal function. Past investigations of the renal corticomedullary [(23)Na] gradient have relied on imaging only in the coronal plane and on cumbersome calculations of [(23)Na], which require the use of external phantoms. The aim of this study is therefore two-fold: to use an isotropic three-dimensional data set to compare coronal measurements of renal [(23)Na] relative to measurements obtained in planes along the corticomedullary gradients and to investigate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) (23)Na signal as an internal reference standard, obviating the need for time-intensive [(23)Na] calculations. MATERIALS AND METHODS Nominal isotropic three-dimensional (23)Na MRI data sets were obtained in 14 healthy volunteers before and after a water load. Images were reconstructed in the coronal plane and in planes angled along the direction of the corticomedullary sodium gradients. [(23)Na] values and values of the corticomedullary [(23)Na] gradient were measured by placement of a linear region of interest along corticomedullary gradients in both the coronal/nonangled [(23)Na(non-ang)] and the angled [(23)Na(ang)] image reconstructions. CSF [(23)Na] was also acquired at multiple levels. Ratios of renal (23)Na and CSF (23)Na signal were calculated to construct a semiquantitative parameter, [(23)NaCSF]. Results of water stimulation as measured by [(23)NaCSF] and [(23)Na(ang)] were then compared. RESULTS Mean values of [(23)Na(ang)] were statistically significantly greater than those of [(23)Na(non-ang)] (P < .0001), although these values were linearly correlated (R = 0.553, P < .0001) and exhibited similar extents of decreases in absolute terms (P = .2) and in terms of the corticomedullary gradient following the water load. CSF [(23)Na] did not statistically significantly differ at any level after the water load (P > .5) but tended to increase in the cranial direction (P < .001). [(23)NaCSF] measures demonstrated analogous statistical properties to [(23)Na(ang)] before and after the water load. CONCLUSIONS Assessment of renal corticomedullary [(23)Na] gradients using isotropic data sets with image reconstructions along the gradients is likely more accurate than measurements in the coronal plane. Because CSF [(23)Na] differs based on anatomic levels, such measures are useful as an internal reference only if region of interest placement is consistent. With this caveat in mind, normalization of renal to CSF (23)Na signal provides a feasible, less cumbersome alternative to [(23)Na] calculations in intraindividual studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Haneder
- Institute of Clinical Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor- Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167 Mannheim, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Husáková L, Urbanová I, Šrámková J, Konečná M, Bohuslavová J. Multi-element analysis of milk by ICP-oa-TOF-MS after precipitation of calcium and proteins by oxalic and nitric acid. Talanta 2013; 106:66-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2012.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2012] [Revised: 12/05/2012] [Accepted: 12/08/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
50
|
Haeckel R, Wosniok W, Al Shareef N. Permissible performance limits of regression analyses in method comparisons. Clin Chem Lab Med 2011; 49:1805-16. [PMID: 21815870 DOI: 10.1515/cclm.2011.668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Method comparisons are indispensable tools for the extensive validation of analytic procedures. Laboratories often only want to know whether an established procedure (x-method) can be replaced by another one (y-method) without interfering with diagnostic purposes. Then split patients' samples are analyzed more or less simultaneously with both procedures designed to measure the same quantity. The measured values are usually presented graphically as a scatter or difference plots. The two methods are considered to be equivalent (comparable) if the data pairs scatter around the line of equality (x=y line) within permissible equivalence lines. It is proposed to derive these limits of permissible imprecision limits which are based on false-positive error rates. If all data pairs are within the limits, both methods lead to comparable false error rates. If one or more data pairs are outside the permissible equivalence limits, the x-method cannot simply be replaced by the y-method and further studies are required. The discordance may be caused either by aberrant values (outliers), non-linearity, bias or a higher variation of e.g., the y-values. The spread around the line of best fit can detect possible interferences if more than 1% of the data pairs are outside permissible spread lines in a scatter plot. Because bias between methods and imprecision can be inter-related, both require specific examinations for their identification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rainer Haeckel
- Bremer Zentrum für Laboratoriumsmedizin, Bremen, Germany.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|