1
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Linna-Kuosmanen S, Schmauch E, Galani K, Ojanen J, Boix CA, Örd T, Toropainen A, Singha PK, Moreau PR, Harju K, Blazeski A, Segerstolpe Å, Lahtinen V, Hou L, Kang K, Meibalan E, Agudelo LZ, Kokki H, Halonen J, Jalkanen J, Gunn J, MacRae CA, Hollmén M, Hartikainen JEK, Kaikkonen MU, García-Cardeña G, Tavi P, Kiviniemi T, Kellis M. Transcriptomic and spatial dissection of human ex vivo right atrial tissue reveals proinflammatory microvascular changes in ischemic heart disease. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101556. [PMID: 38776872 PMCID: PMC11148807 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease plays a central role in the electrical and structural remodeling of the right atrium, predisposing to arrhythmias, heart failure, and sudden death. Here, we dissect with single-nuclei RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) and spatial transcriptomics the gene expression changes in the human ex vivo right atrial tissue and pericardial fluid in ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarction, and ischemic and non-ischemic heart failure using asymptomatic patients with valvular disease who undergo preventive surgery as the control group. We reveal substantial differences in disease-associated gene expression in all cell types, collectively suggesting inflammatory microvascular dysfunction and changes in the right atrial tissue composition as the valvular and vascular diseases progress into heart failure. The data collectively suggest that investigation of human cardiovascular disease should expand to all functionally important parts of the heart, which may help us to identify mechanisms promoting more severe types of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvi Linna-Kuosmanen
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Eloi Schmauch
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kyriakitsa Galani
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Johannes Ojanen
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Carles A Boix
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Tiit Örd
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anu Toropainen
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Prosanta K Singha
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pierre R Moreau
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kristiina Harju
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Adriana Blazeski
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Åsa Segerstolpe
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Veikko Lahtinen
- Heart Center, Turku University Hospital, 20521 Turku, Finland; MediCity Research Laboratories and InFLAMES Flagship, University of Turku, 20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Lei Hou
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Kai Kang
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Elamaran Meibalan
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Leandro Z Agudelo
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Hannu Kokki
- School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jari Halonen
- School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland; Heart Center, Kuopio University Hospital, 70200 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Juho Jalkanen
- MediCity Research Laboratories and InFLAMES Flagship, University of Turku, 20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Jarmo Gunn
- Heart Center, Turku University Hospital, 20521 Turku, Finland; Department of Medicine, University of Turku, 20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Calum A MacRae
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Cardiovascular Medicine and Network Medicine Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Maija Hollmén
- MediCity Research Laboratories and InFLAMES Flagship, University of Turku, 20500 Turku, Finland
| | - Juha E K Hartikainen
- School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland; Heart Center, Kuopio University Hospital, 70200 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Minna U Kaikkonen
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Guillermo García-Cardeña
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Pasi Tavi
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tuomas Kiviniemi
- Heart Center, Turku University Hospital, 20521 Turku, Finland; Department of Medicine, University of Turku, 20500 Turku, Finland; Cardiovascular Medicine and Network Medicine Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Manolis Kellis
- Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
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2
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Pepin ME, Gupta RM. The Role of Endothelial Cells in Atherosclerosis: Insights from Genetic Association Studies. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2024; 194:499-509. [PMID: 37827214 PMCID: PMC10988759 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2023.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) mediate several biological functions that are relevant to atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease (CAD), regulating an array of vital processes including vascular tone, wound healing, reactive oxygen species, shear stress response, and inflammation. Although which of these functions is linked causally with CAD development and/or progression is not yet known, genome-wide association studies have implicated more than 400 loci associated with CAD risk, among which several have shown EC-relevant functions. Given the arduous process of mechanistically interrogating single loci to CAD, high-throughput variant characterization methods, including pooled Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats screens, offer exciting potential to rapidly accelerate the discovery of bona fide EC-relevant genetic loci. These discoveries in turn will broaden the therapeutic avenues for CAD beyond lipid lowering and behavioral risk modification to include EC-centric modalities of risk prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark E Pepin
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, The Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Divisions of Genetics and Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rajat M Gupta
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, The Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Divisions of Genetics and Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
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3
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Zhang L, Yang Y, Xie L, Zhou Y, Zhong Z, Ding J, Wang Z, Wang Y, Liu X, Yu F, Wu J. JCAD deficiency delayed liver regenerative repair through the Hippo-YAP signalling pathway. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1630. [PMID: 38509842 PMCID: PMC10955226 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Liver regeneration retardation post partial hepatectomy (PH) is a common clinical problem after liver transplantation. Identification of key regulators in liver regeneration post PH may be beneficial for clinically improving the prognosis of patients after liver transplantation. This study aimed to clarify the function of junctional protein-associated with coronary artery disease (JCAD) in liver regeneration post PH and to reveal the underlying mechanisms. METHODS JCAD knockout (JCAD-KO), liver-specific JCAD-KO (Jcad△Hep) mice and their control group were subjected to 70% PH. RNA sequencing was conducted to unravel the related signalling pathways. Primary hepatocytes from KO mice were treated with epidermal growth factor (EGF) to evaluate DNA replication. Fluorescent ubiquitination-based cell cycle indicator (FUCCI) live-imaging system was used to visualise the phases of cell cycle. RESULTS Both global and liver-specific JCAD deficiency postponed liver regeneration after PH as indicated by reduced gene expression of cell cycle transition and DNA replication. Prolonged retention in G1 phase and failure to transition over the cell cycle checkpoint in JCAD-KO cell line was indicated by a FUCCI live-imaging system as well as pharmacologic blockage. JCAD replenishment by adenovirus reversed the impaired DNA synthesis in JCAD-KO primary hepatocyte in exposure to EGF, which was abrogated by a Yes-associated protein (YAP) inhibitor, verteporfin. Mechanistically, JCAD competed with large tumour suppressor 2 (LATS2) for WWC1 interaction, leading to LATS2 inhibition and thereafter YAP activation, and enhanced expression of cell cycle-associated genes. CONCLUSION JCAD deficiency led to delayed regeneration after PH as a result of blockage in cell cycle progression through the Hippo-YAP signalling pathway. These findings uncovered novel functions of JCAD and suggested a potential strategy for improving graft growth and function post liver transplantation. KEY POINTS JCAD deficiency leads to an impaired liver growth after PH due to cell division blockage. JCAD competes with LATS2 for WWC1 interaction, resulting in LATS2 inhibition, YAP activation and enhanced expression of cell cycle-associated genes. Delineation of JCADHippoYAP signalling pathway would facilitate to improve prognosis of acute liver failure and graft growth in living-donor liver transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of Medical Microbiology & ParasitologyMOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular VirologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesFudan University Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
| | - Yong‐Yu Yang
- Department of Medical Microbiology & ParasitologyMOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular VirologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesFudan University Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
| | - Li Xie
- Department of Medical Microbiology & ParasitologyMOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular VirologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesFudan University Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Department of Medical Microbiology & ParasitologyMOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular VirologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesFudan University Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
| | - Zhenxing Zhong
- Institute of PediatricsChildren's Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghai Key Laboratory of Medical EpigeneticsInternational Co‐Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and MetabolismInstitutes of Biomedical SciencesFudan University Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
| | - Jia Ding
- Jing'an Central District HospitalShanghaiChina
| | - Zhong‐Hua Wang
- Department of Medical Microbiology & ParasitologyMOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular VirologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesFudan University Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
| | - Yu‐Li Wang
- Department of Medical Microbiology & ParasitologyMOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular VirologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesFudan University Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
| | - Xiu‐Ping Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineSchool of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Fa‐Xing Yu
- Institute of PediatricsChildren's Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghai Key Laboratory of Medical EpigeneticsInternational Co‐Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and MetabolismInstitutes of Biomedical SciencesFudan University Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Medical Microbiology & ParasitologyMOE/NHC/CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular VirologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesFudan University Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
- Department of Gastroenterology & HepatologyZhongshan Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Institute of Liver DiseasesFudan University Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina
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4
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Zhu QM, Hsu YHH, Lassen FH, MacDonald BT, Stead S, Malolepsza E, Kim A, Li T, Mizoguchi T, Schenone M, Guzman G, Tanenbaum B, Fornelos N, Carr SA, Gupta RM, Ellinor PT, Lage K. Protein interaction networks in the vasculature prioritize genes and pathways underlying coronary artery disease. Commun Biol 2024; 7:87. [PMID: 38216744 PMCID: PMC10786878 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05705-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Population-based association studies have identified many genetic risk loci for coronary artery disease (CAD), but it is often unclear how genes within these loci are linked to CAD. Here, we perform interaction proteomics for 11 CAD-risk genes to map their protein-protein interactions (PPIs) in human vascular cells and elucidate their roles in CAD. The resulting PPI networks contain interactions that are outside of known biology in the vasculature and are enriched for genes involved in immunity-related and arterial-wall-specific mechanisms. Several PPI networks derived from smooth muscle cells are significantly enriched for genetic variants associated with CAD and related vascular phenotypes. Furthermore, the networks identify 61 genes that are found in genetic loci associated with risk of CAD, prioritizing them as the causal candidates within these loci. These findings indicate that the PPI networks we have generated are a rich resource for guiding future research into the molecular pathogenesis of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyu Martin Zhu
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative & Precision Cardiology Laboratory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yu-Han H Hsu
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Genomic Mechanisms of Disease, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Frederik H Lassen
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Bryan T MacDonald
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative & Precision Cardiology Laboratory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Stephanie Stead
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative & Precision Cardiology Laboratory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Edyta Malolepsza
- Genomics Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - April Kim
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Taibo Li
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Taiji Mizoguchi
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative & Precision Cardiology Laboratory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Monica Schenone
- Proteomics Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Gaelen Guzman
- Proteomics Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Benjamin Tanenbaum
- Proteomics Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Nadine Fornelos
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Genomic Mechanisms of Disease, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Steven A Carr
- Proteomics Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Rajat M Gupta
- Divisions of Cardiovascular Medicine and Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Patrick T Ellinor
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative & Precision Cardiology Laboratory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Kasper Lage
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Genomic Mechanisms of Disease, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Mental Health Services Copenhagen, Roskilde, Denmark.
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5
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He J, Ding Y, Lin H, Liu X, Chen X, Shen W, Zhou S, Feng C, Wang M, Xia J, He N. Differential genome-wide associated variants and enriched pathways of ECG parameters among people with versus without HIV. AIDS 2023; 37:1871-1882. [PMID: 37418550 PMCID: PMC10481915 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000003647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES People with HIV (PWH) are more likely to develop ECG abnormalities. Substantial evidence exists for genetic contribution to ECG parameters among general population. However, whether and how would host genome associate with ECG parameters among PWH is unclear. Our research aims to analyze and compare genetic variants, mapped genes, and enriched pathways of ECG parameters among PWH and HIV-negative controls. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. METHOD We performed a large original genome-wide association study (GWAS) of ECG parameters among PWH ( n = 1730) and HIV-negative controls ( n = 3746). Genome-wide interaction analyses were also conducted. RESULTS A total of 18 novel variants were detected among PWH, six for PR interval including rs76345397 at ATL2 , 11 for QRS duration including rs10483994 at KCNK10 and rs2478830 at JCAD , and one for QTc interval (rs9815364). Among HIV-negative controls, we identified variants located at previously reported ECG-related genes ( SCN5A , CNOT1 ). Genetic variants had a significant interaction with HIV infection ( P < 5 × 10 -8 ), implying that HIV infection and host genome might jointly influence ECG parameters. Mapped genes for PR interval and QRS duration among PWH were enriched in the biological process of viral genome replication and host response to virus, respectively, whereas enriched pathways for PR interval among HIV-negative controls were in the cellular component of voltage-gated sodium channel complex. CONCLUSION The present GWAS indicated a distinctive impact of host genome on quantitative ECG parameters among PWH. Different from HIV-negative controls, host genome might influence the cardiac electrical activity by interfering with HIV viral infection, production, and latency among PWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu He
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education
- Yi-Wu Research Institute
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai
| | - Yingying Ding
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education
- Yi-Wu Research Institute
| | - Haijiang Lin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education
- Taizhou City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education
- Yi-Wu Research Institute
| | - Xiaoxiao Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education
- Taizhou City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Weiwei Shen
- Taizhou City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Sujuan Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education
- Yi-Wu Research Institute
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai
| | - Cheng Feng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education
- Yi-Wu Research Institute
| | - Miaochen Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education
- Yi-Wu Research Institute
| | - Jingjing Xia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education
- Yi-Wu Research Institute
| | - Na He
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education
- Yi-Wu Research Institute
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai
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6
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Mannion AJ, Holmgren L. Nuclear mechanosensing of the aortic endothelium in health and disease. Dis Model Mech 2023; 16:dmm050361. [PMID: 37909406 PMCID: PMC10629673 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.050361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The endothelium, the monolayer of endothelial cells that line blood vessels, is exposed to a number of mechanical forces, including frictional shear flow, pulsatile stretching and changes in stiffness influenced by extracellular matrix composition. These forces are sensed by mechanosensors that facilitate their transduction to drive appropriate adaptation of the endothelium to maintain vascular homeostasis. In the aorta, the unique architecture of the vessel gives rise to changes in the fluid dynamics, which, in turn, shape cellular morphology, nuclear architecture, chromatin dynamics and gene regulation. In this Review, we discuss recent work focusing on how differential mechanical forces exerted on endothelial cells are sensed and transduced to influence their form and function in giving rise to spatial variation to the endothelium of the aorta. We will also discuss recent developments in understanding how nuclear mechanosensing is implicated in diseases of the aorta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarren J. Mannion
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm 171 64, Sweden
| | - Lars Holmgren
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm 171 64, Sweden
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7
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Zhang S, Zhang Y, Zhang P, Wei Z, Ma M, Wang W, Tong W, Tian F, Hui H, Tian J, Chen Y. Plexin D1 mediates disturbed flow-induced M1 macrophage polarization in atherosclerosis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17314. [PMID: 37389065 PMCID: PMC10300222 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis preferentially develops at bifurcations exposed to disturbed flow. Plexin D1 (PLXND1) responds to mechanical forces and drives macrophage accumulation in atherosclerosis. Here, multiple strategies were used to identify the role of PLXND1 in site-specific atherosclerosis. Using computational fluid dynamics and three-dimensional light-sheet fluorescence-microscopy, the elevated PLXND1 in M1 macrophages was mainly distributed in disturbed flow area of ApoE-/- carotid bifurcation lesions, and visualization of atherosclerosis in vivo was achieved by targeting PLXND1. Subsequently, to simulate the microenvironment of bifurcation lesions in vitro, we co-cultured oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL)-treated THP-1-derived macrophages with shear-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). We found that oscillatory shear induced the increase of PLXND1 in M1 macrophages, and knocking down PLXND1 inhibited M1 polarization. Semaphorin 3E, the ligand of PLXND1 which was highly expressed in plaques, strongly enhanced M1 macrophage polarization via PLXND1 in vitro. Our findings provide insights into pathogenesis in site-specific atherosclerosis that PLXND1 mediates disturbed flow-induced M1 macrophage polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhui Zhang
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
- Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Yingqian Zhang
- Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- School of Computer and Information Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Zechen Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100080, China
| | - Mingrui Ma
- Medical School of Chinese PLA, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
- Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Wei Tong
- Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Feng Tian
- Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Hui Hui
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100080, China
| | - Jie Tian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Key Laboratory of Big Data-Based Precision Medicine (Beihang University), Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China, Beijing, 100191, China
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Affiliated with Jinan University, Zhuhai, 519000, China
| | - Yundai Chen
- Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China
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8
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Hiraoka Y, Matsumura M, Kakei Y, Takeda D, Shigeoka M, Kimoto A, Hasegawa T, Akashi M. Expression of JCAD and EGFR in Perineurial Cell-Cell Junctions of Human Inferior Alveolar Nerve. J Histochem Cytochem 2023; 71:321-332. [PMID: 37309668 PMCID: PMC10315992 DOI: 10.1369/00221554231182193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Although perineurium has an important role in maintenance of the blood-nerve barrier, understanding of perineurial cell-cell junctions is insufficient. The aim of this study was to analyze the expression of junctional cadherin 5 associated (JCAD) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in the perineurium of the human inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) and investigate their roles in perineurial cell-cell junctions using cultured human perineurial cells (HPNCs). In human IAN, JCAD was strongly expressed in endoneurial microvessels. JCAD and EGFR were expressed at various intensities in the perineurium. In HPNCs, JCAD was clearly expressed at cell-cell junctions. EGFR inhibitor AG1478 treatment changed cell morphology and the ratio of JCAD-positive cell-cell contacts of HPNCs. Therefore, JCAD and EGFR may have a role in the regulation of perineurial cell-cell junctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiro Hiraoka
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Megumi Matsumura
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Kakei
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Daisuke Takeda
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Manabu Shigeoka
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
- Division of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Akira Kimoto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takumi Hasegawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masaya Akashi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
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9
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Guzik TJ, Channon KM. JCAD: a new GWAS target to reduce residual cardiovascular risk? Eur Heart J 2023; 44:1834-1836. [PMID: 36514298 PMCID: PMC10200022 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz J Guzik
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh Royal Infirmary, The University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
- Department of Medicine, Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, Krakow, Poland
| | - Keith M Channon
- Radcliffe Department of Medicine, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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10
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Liberale L, Puspitasari YM, Ministrini S, Akhmedov A, Kraler S, Bonetti NR, Beer G, Vukolic A, Bongiovanni D, Han J, Kirmes K, Bernlochner I, Pelisek J, Beer JH, Jin ZG, Pedicino D, Liuzzo G, Stellos K, Montecucco F, Crea F, Lüscher TF, Camici GG. JCAD promotes arterial thrombosis through PI3K/Akt modulation: a translational study. Eur Heart J 2023; 44:1818-1833. [PMID: 36469488 PMCID: PMC10200023 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Variants of the junctional cadherin 5 associated (JCAD) locus associate with acute coronary syndromes. JCAD promotes experimental atherosclerosis through the large tumor suppressor kinase 2 (LATS2)/Hippo pathway. This study investigates the role of JCAD in arterial thrombosis. METHODS AND RESULTS JCAD knockout (Jcad-/-) mice underwent photochemically induced endothelial injury to trigger arterial thrombosis. Primary human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) treated with JCAD small interfering RNA (siJCAD), LATS2 small interfering RNA (siLATS2) or control siRNA (siSCR) were employed for in vitro assays. Plasma JCAD was measured in patients with chronic coronary syndrome or ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Jcad-/- mice displayed reduced thrombogenicity as reflected by delayed time to carotid occlusion. Mechanisms include reduced activation of the coagulation cascade [reduced tissue factor (TF) expression and activity] and increased fibrinolysis [higher thrombus embolization episodes and D-dimer levels, reduced vascular plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 expression]. In vitro, JCAD silencing inhibited TF and PAI-1 expression in HAECs. JCAD-silenced HAECs (siJCAD) displayed increased levels of LATS2 kinase. Yet, double JCAD and LATS2 silencing did not restore the control phenotype. si-JCAD HAECs showed increased levels of phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K)/ proteinkinase B (Akt) activation, known to downregulate procoagulant expression. The PI3K/Akt pathway inhibitor-wortmannin-prevented the effect of JCAD silencing on TF and PAI-1, indicating a causative role. Also, co-immunoprecipitation unveiled a direct interaction between JCAD and Akt. Confirming in vitro findings, PI3K/Akt and P-yes-associated protein levels were higher in Jcad-/- animals. Lastly, as compared with chronic coronary syndrome, STEMI patients showed higher plasma JCAD, which notably correlated positively with both TF and PAI-1 levels. CONCLUSIONS JCAD promotes arterial thrombosis by modulating coagulation and fibrinolysis. Herein, reported translational data suggest JCAD as a potential therapeutic target for atherothrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Liberale
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of
Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine,
University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132
Genoa, Italy
| | - Yustina M Puspitasari
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of
Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Stefano Ministrini
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of
Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Internal Medicine, Angiology and Atherosclerosis, Department of Medicine
and Surgery, University of Perugia, piazzale Gambuli 1, 06124
Perugia, Italy
| | - Alexander Akhmedov
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of
Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Simon Kraler
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of
Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Nicole R Bonetti
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of
Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center, University Hospital
Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Georgia Beer
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of
Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Ana Vukolic
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of
Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Dario Bongiovanni
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiocentro Ticino Institute, Ente Ospedaliero
Cantonale (EOC), Lugano, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve
Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, IRCCS Humanitas Research
Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine I, School of Medicine, University Hospital
rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich,
Munich, Germany
| | - Jiaying Han
- Department of Internal Medicine I, School of Medicine, University Hospital
rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich,
Munich, Germany
| | - Kilian Kirmes
- Department of Internal Medicine I, School of Medicine, University Hospital
rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich,
Munich, Germany
| | - Isabell Bernlochner
- Department of Internal Medicine I, School of Medicine, University Hospital
rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich,
Munich, Germany
| | - Jaroslav Pelisek
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Zurich,
Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jürg H Beer
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of
Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital of Baden,
Im Ergel 1, 5404 Baden, Switzerland
| | - Zheng-Gen Jin
- Department of Medicine, Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University
of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester,
NY, USA
| | - Daniela Pedicino
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario
A. Gemelli-IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, Rome 00168,
Italy
- Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University,
Largo G. Vito, 1 - 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Liuzzo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario
A. Gemelli-IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, Rome 00168,
Italy
- Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University,
Largo G. Vito, 1 - 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Konstantinos Stellos
- Biosciences Institute, Vascular Biology and Medicine Theme, Faculty of
Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon
Tyne, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals
NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne,
UK
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, European Center for Angioscience
(ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University,
Mannheim, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (Deutsches Zentrum für
Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung, DZHK), Heidelberg/Mannheim Partner Site,
Mannheim, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Mannheim,
Mannheim, Germany
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine,
University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132
Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa—Italian Cardiovascular
Network, L.go R. Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Filippo Crea
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario
A. Gemelli-IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, Rome 00168,
Italy
- Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University,
Largo G. Vito, 1 - 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Thomas F Lüscher
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of
Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Heart Division, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals and Nationl Heart
and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London,
United Kingdom
| | - Giovanni G Camici
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, Schlieren Campus, University of
Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Research and Education, University Hospital
Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
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11
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Akoumianakis I, Polkinghorne M, Antoniades C. Non-canonical WNT signalling in cardiovascular disease: mechanisms and therapeutic implications. Nat Rev Cardiol 2022; 19:783-797. [PMID: 35697779 PMCID: PMC9191761 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-022-00718-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
WNT signalling comprises a diverse spectrum of receptor-mediated pathways activated by a large family of WNT ligands and influencing fundamental biological processes. WNT signalling includes the β-catenin canonical pathway and the non-canonical pathways, namely the planar cell polarity and the calcium-dependent pathways. Advances over the past decade have linked non-canonical WNT signalling with key mechanisms of atherosclerosis, including oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, macrophage activation and vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype regulation. In addition, non-canonical WNT signalling is involved in crucial aspects of myocardial biology, from fibrosis to hypertrophy and oxidative stress. Importantly, non-canonical WNT signalling activation has complex effects in adipose tissue in the context of obesity, thereby potentially linking metabolic and vascular diseases. Tissue-specific targeting of non-canonical WNT signalling might be associated with substantial risks of off-target tumorigenesis, challenging its therapeutic potential. However, novel technologies, such as monoclonal antibodies, recombinant decoy receptors, tissue-specific gene silencing with small interfering RNAs and gene editing with CRISPR-Cas9, might enable more efficient therapeutic targeting of WNT signalling in the cardiovascular system. In this Review, we summarize the components of non-canonical WNT signalling, their links with the main mechanisms of atherosclerosis, heart failure and arrhythmias, and the rationale for targeting individual components of non-canonical WNT signalling for the treatment of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Akoumianakis
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Murray Polkinghorne
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Charalambos Antoniades
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Acute Vascular Imaging Centre, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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12
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Moonen JR, Chappell J, Shi M, Shinohara T, Li D, Mumbach MR, Zhang F, Nair RV, Nasser J, Mai DH, Taylor S, Wang L, Metzger RJ, Chang HY, Engreitz JM, Snyder MP, Rabinovitch M. KLF4 recruits SWI/SNF to increase chromatin accessibility and reprogram the endothelial enhancer landscape under laminar shear stress. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4941. [PMID: 35999210 PMCID: PMC9399231 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32566-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Physiologic laminar shear stress (LSS) induces an endothelial gene expression profile that is vasculo-protective. In this report, we delineate how LSS mediates changes in the epigenetic landscape to promote this beneficial response. We show that under LSS, KLF4 interacts with the SWI/SNF nucleosome remodeling complex to increase accessibility at enhancer sites that promote the expression of homeostatic endothelial genes. By combining molecular and computational approaches we discover enhancers that loop to promoters of KLF4- and LSS-responsive genes that stabilize endothelial cells and suppress inflammation, such as BMPR2, SMAD5, and DUSP5. By linking enhancers to genes that they regulate under physiologic LSS, our work establishes a foundation for interpreting how non-coding DNA variants in these regions might disrupt protective gene expression to influence vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Renier Moonen
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- BASE Initiative, Betty Irene Moore Children's Heart Center, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - James Chappell
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Minyi Shi
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Tsutomu Shinohara
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- BASE Initiative, Betty Irene Moore Children's Heart Center, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Dan Li
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Maxwell R Mumbach
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Center for Personal Dynamic Regulomes, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Fan Zhang
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Ramesh V Nair
- Stanford Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Joseph Nasser
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Daniel H Mai
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Shalina Taylor
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Lingli Wang
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- BASE Initiative, Betty Irene Moore Children's Heart Center, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Ross J Metzger
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Howard Y Chang
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Center for Personal Dynamic Regulomes, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Jesse M Engreitz
- BASE Initiative, Betty Irene Moore Children's Heart Center, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Michael P Snyder
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Stanford Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Marlene Rabinovitch
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
- BASE Initiative, Betty Irene Moore Children's Heart Center, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
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13
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Salvador J, Iruela-Arispe ML. Nuclear Mechanosensation and Mechanotransduction in Vascular Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:905927. [PMID: 35784481 PMCID: PMC9247619 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.905927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular cells are constantly subjected to physical forces associated with the rhythmic activities of the heart, which combined with the individual geometry of vessels further imposes oscillatory, turbulent, or laminar shear stresses on vascular cells. These hemodynamic forces play an important role in regulating the transcriptional program and phenotype of endothelial and smooth muscle cells in different regions of the vascular tree. Within the aorta, the lesser curvature of the arch is characterized by disturbed, oscillatory flow. There, endothelial cells become activated, adopting pro-inflammatory and athero-prone phenotypes. This contrasts the descending aorta where flow is laminar and endothelial cells maintain a quiescent and atheroprotective phenotype. While still unclear, the specific mechanisms involved in mechanosensing flow patterns and their molecular mechanotransduction directly impact the nucleus with consequences to transcriptional and epigenetic states. The linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) protein complex transmits both internal and external forces, including shear stress, through the cytoskeleton to the nucleus. These forces can ultimately lead to changes in nuclear integrity, chromatin organization, and gene expression that significantly impact emergence of pathology such as the high incidence of atherosclerosis in progeria. Therefore, there is strong motivation to understand how endothelial nuclei can sense and respond to physical signals and how abnormal responses to mechanical cues can lead to disease. Here, we review the evidence for a critical role of the nucleus as a mechanosensor and the importance of maintaining nuclear integrity in response to continuous biophysical forces, specifically shear stress, for proper vascular function and stability.
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14
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Chignon A, Mathieu S, Rufiange A, Argaud D, Voisine P, Bossé Y, Arsenault BJ, Thériault S, Mathieu P. Enhancer promoter interactome and Mendelian randomization identify network of druggable vascular genes in coronary artery disease. Hum Genomics 2022; 16:8. [PMID: 35246263 PMCID: PMC8895522 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-022-00381-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a multifactorial disorder, which is partly heritable. Herein, we implemented a mapping of CAD-associated candidate genes by using genome-wide enhancer-promoter conformation (H3K27ac-HiChIP) and expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL). Enhancer-promoter anchor loops from human coronary artery smooth muscle cells (HCASMC) explained 22% of the heritability for CAD. 3D enhancer-promoter genome mapping of CAD-genes in HCASMC was enriched in vascular eQTL genes. By using colocalization and Mendelian randomization analyses, we identified 58 causal candidate vascular genes including some druggable targets (MAP3K11, CAMK1D, PDGFD, IPO9 and CETP). A network analysis of causal candidate genes was enriched in TGF beta and MAPK pathways. The pharmacologic inhibition of causal candidate gene MAP3K11 in vascular SMC reduced the expression of athero-relevant genes and lowered cell migration, a cardinal process in CAD. Genes connected to enhancers are enriched in vascular eQTL and druggable genes causally associated with CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Chignon
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathobiology, Department of Surgery, Institut de Cardiologie Et de Pneumologie de Québec, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute/Research Center, Laval University, 2725 Chemin Ste-Foy, Québec, QC, G1V-4G5, Canada
| | - Samuel Mathieu
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathobiology, Department of Surgery, Institut de Cardiologie Et de Pneumologie de Québec, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute/Research Center, Laval University, 2725 Chemin Ste-Foy, Québec, QC, G1V-4G5, Canada
| | - Anne Rufiange
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathobiology, Department of Surgery, Institut de Cardiologie Et de Pneumologie de Québec, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute/Research Center, Laval University, 2725 Chemin Ste-Foy, Québec, QC, G1V-4G5, Canada
| | - Déborah Argaud
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathobiology, Department of Surgery, Institut de Cardiologie Et de Pneumologie de Québec, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute/Research Center, Laval University, 2725 Chemin Ste-Foy, Québec, QC, G1V-4G5, Canada
| | | | - Yohan Bossé
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Sébastien Thériault
- Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry and Pathology, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Patrick Mathieu
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pathobiology, Department of Surgery, Institut de Cardiologie Et de Pneumologie de Québec, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute/Research Center, Laval University, 2725 Chemin Ste-Foy, Québec, QC, G1V-4G5, Canada. .,Department of Surgery, Laval University, Quebec, Canada.
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15
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Inflammation-Related Risk Loci in Genome-Wide Association Studies of Coronary Artery Disease. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020440. [PMID: 33669721 PMCID: PMC7921935 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the importance of inflammation in atherosclerosis is now well established, the exact molecular processes linking inflammation to the development and course of the disease are not sufficiently understood. In this context, modern genetics—as applied by genome-wide association studies (GWAS)—can serve as a comprehensive and unbiased tool for the screening of potentially involved pathways. Indeed, a considerable proportion of loci discovered by GWAS is assumed to affect inflammatory processes. Despite many well-replicated association findings, however, translating genomic hits to specific molecular mechanisms remains challenging. This review provides an overview of the currently most relevant inflammation-related GWAS findings in coronary artery disease and explores their potential clinical perspectives.
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16
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JCAD expression and localization in human blood endothelial cells. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05121. [PMID: 33083606 PMCID: PMC7550929 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Junctional Cadherin 5 Associated (JCAD) is an endothelial, cell-cell junction protein, and its expression is associated with cardiovascular diseases including atherosclerosis and hypertension. However, to date, there are few studies confirming JCAD expression and precise localization in human tissues by immunohistochemical staining. Methods JCAD expression and localization was assessed in four human submandibular gland (SMG) specimens by immunohistochemical staining. One specimen of SMG with sialoadenitis was accompanied by severe inflammation and fibrosis, while the other was largely normal. Other two SMGs were accompanied by severe fibrosis because of irradiation. Results Immunohistochemical analysis of human SMGs revealed JCAD localization at the blood endothelial cell-cell junctions. JCAD expression was more evident in microvessels and arteries in areas affected by inflammation. Conclusions The localization of JCAD at endothelial cell-cell junctions was confirmed in human tissues. JCAD expression may be affected by pathological conditions.
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17
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Maddala R, Rao PV. Global phosphotyrosinylated protein profile of cell-matrix adhesion complexes of trabecular meshwork cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 319:C288-C299. [PMID: 32432933 PMCID: PMC7500213 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00537.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulation of the mechanical properties and cell adhesive interactions of trabecular meshwork (TM) are known to impair aqueous humor drainage and elevate intraocular pressure in glaucoma patients. The identity of regulatory mechanisms underlying TM mechanotransduction, however, remains elusive. Here we analyzed the phosphotyrosine proteome of human TM cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) adhesion complexes, which play a key role in sensing and transducing extracellular chemical and mechanical cues into intracellular activities, using a two-level affinity pull-down (phosphotyrosine antibody and titanium dioxide beads) method and mass spectrometry. This analysis identified ~1,000 tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins of TM cell-ECM adhesion complexes. Many consensus adhesome proteins were found to be tyrosine phosphorylated. Interestingly, several of the phosphotyrosinylated proteins found in TM cell-ECM adhesion complexes are known to be required for podocyte glomerular filtration, indicating the existence of molecular parallels that are likely relevant to the shared fluid barrier and filtration functions of the two mechanosensitive cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupalatha Maddala
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Ponugoti Vasantha Rao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
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18
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Yao H, Zhao L, Li T, Li Y. Mechanosensitive JCAD: emerged as a promising target for atherosclerosis. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2020; 52:580-581. [PMID: 32329793 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmaa019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hailun Yao
- Department of Medical College, Hunan Polytechnic of Environment and Biology, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Lvying Zhao
- Department of Medical College, Hunan Polytechnic of Environment and Biology, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Tianping Li
- Department of Medical College, Hunan Polytechnic of Environment and Biology, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Yungui Li
- Department of Medical College, Hunan Polytechnic of Environment and Biology, Hengyang 421001, China
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