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Mensink-Bout SM, Jahangir MR, de Jongste JC, Raat H, Jaddoe VWV, Duijts L. Associations of physical condition with lung function and asthma in adolescents from the general population. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2022; 33:10.1111/pai.13811. [PMID: 35754134 PMCID: PMC9328392 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relation of physical condition with respiratory outcomes in adolescents is unclear. We examined the hypothesis that adolescents with a lower physical condition represented by a lower cardiorespiratory fitness and physical activity, and a higher screen time have a lower lung function and higher risk of asthma. METHODS In a population-based prospective cohort study on 4854 children aged 13 years, we assessed cardiorespiratory fitness by using the peak work rate measured by the steep ramp test. Information on physical activity and screen time was obtained by self-reported questionnaires. Lung function was measured by spirometry and current asthma was assessed by a parental-reported questionnaire. RESULTS Taking sociodemographic, lifestyle, and growth-related confounders and multiple hypothesis testing into account, a 1 SD lower cardiorespiratory fitness was associated with a lower FEV1 , FVC, and FEF75 (Z-score difference (95% CI): -0.31 (-0.35, -0.28), -0.30 (-0.33, -0.26), -0.13 (-0.17, -0.10), respectively), and a higher risk of asthma (Odds Ratio (95% CI) 1.25 (1.06, 1.46)). A 1 SD higher screen time was associated with a lower FVC (Z-score difference (95% CI): -0.06 (-0.10, -0.03)). Physical activity and screen time were not related to asthma. Results did not materially change after additional adjustment for respiratory outcomes at an earlier age. CONCLUSION Adolescents with a lower cardiorespiratory fitness had a lower lung function and a higher risk of asthma. Those with a higher screen time had a lower FVC. Further studies are needed to explore the effect of improvements in physical condition on long-term respiratory outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M Mensink-Bout
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marc R Jahangir
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johan C de Jongste
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hein Raat
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent W V Jaddoe
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Liesbeth Duijts
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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The Association between Vigorous Physical Activity and Stress in Adolescents with Asthma. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18073467. [PMID: 33810531 PMCID: PMC8036664 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18073467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is a very common condition that affects 5-10% of the global population, and its prevalence is increasing. Vigorous physical activity (PA) is effective in improving cardiorespiratory fitness and managing stress. This study aimed to investigate the association between vigorous PA and stress among Korean adolescents with asthma using large-scale survey data. The questionnaire data of 57,303 adolescents were analyzed using raw data from the 2019 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey. We performed logistic regression analysis to calculate the stress odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for asthma and non-asthma groups using models 1 and 2. We also performed logistic regression analysis to calculate the stress OR for the asthma group with vigorous PA and non-vigorous PA using models 1, 2, and 3. Model 1 was adjusted for age, sex, obesity, smoking, and alcohol status; model 2 was further adjusted for household income, academic achievement, and comorbidities. Model 3 was further adjusted for moderate activity and resistance exercise. The OR of stress was 20% higher in the asthma group than in the non-asthma group (p < 0.05). In the fully adjusted models, the OR for the non-asthma group with vigorous PA versus non-vigorous PA was 0.89 (95% CI: 0.84-0.94). However, the OR for the asthma group with vigorous PA versus non-vigorous PA was 0.70 (95% CI: 0.57-0.86), indicating that adolescents who engage in vigorous PA had lower stress in the asthma group (p < 0.05). This study demonstrated that adolescents with asthma had higher stress levels than those without asthma; however, vigorous PA was associated with lower stress. These effects were more pronounced in adolescents with asthma.
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The Association of Smoking Exposure at Home with Attempts to Quit Smoking and Cessation Success: A Survey of South Korean Adolescents Who Smoke. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17114129. [PMID: 32531888 PMCID: PMC7312504 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17114129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the association of smoking exposure at home with attempts to quit smoking and the success or failure of such attempts among South Korean adolescents. We utilized the data of 28,652 South Korean adolescents who smoked from the 2015-2017 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey, including demographic variables (age, sex, and family structure), socioeconomic variables (allowance per week, household income level, and grade), and health-related characteristics (alcohol consumption, intensity of physical activity, stress level, self-reported health status, attendance in smoking cessation programs, and smoking onset). A multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that attempting to quit smoking was less likely among those exposed to smoking at home every day compared to those without such exposure (boys exposed to smoking every day: OR = 0.52, CI = 0.45-0.60; girls exposed to smoking every day: OR = 0.48, CI = 0.38-0.61); cessation success showed similar results (boys exposed to smoking every day: OR = 0.51, CI = 0.46-0.58; girls exposed to smoking every day: OR = 0.56, CI = 0.47-0.66). These findings highlight the impacts of smoking exposure at home and the importance of considering this exposure when supporting adolescents to quit.
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Hyeon JH, Shelley C, Lee CM. Prevalence and correlates of prior experimentation with e-cigarettes over conventional cigarettes among adolescents: Findings from the 2015 Korea Youth Risk Behaviour Web-based Survey. Tob Prev Cessat 2019; 5:33. [PMID: 32411896 PMCID: PMC7205116 DOI: 10.18332/tpc/112595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION As concern is increasing about electronic cigarette use among never-smoking youth, we aimed to examine the prevalence and correlates of prior experimentation of electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) over conventional cigarettes (c-cigs). METHODS We used the 10th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey in 2015, including 67960 participants as study subjects. This survey was designed as stratified multistage clustered samples from middle schools and high schools. Weighted percentages of vaping and/or smoking status by the timing of experimentation were calculated and multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted after adjustments for possible confounders (demographics, socioeconomic status, lifestyle, tobacco use pattern). RESULTS Youth who use e-cigs only or before c-cigs were 1.7% and 9.1% of any type user, respectively. In younger participants, the proportion tended to be increasing. Apart from being younger (AOR=2.23, 95% CI: 1.66–2.99; 12th grade vs 7th grade), male gender (AOR=1.20, 95% CI: 1.03–1.42), higher household income (AOR=1.21, 95% CI: 1.01–1.45), higher school performance (AOR=1.19, 95% CI: 1.02–1.39), exposure to smoke (AOR=1.63, 95% CI: 1.43–1.86) and caffeine drink (AOR=1.44, 95% CI: 1.24–1.68) were associated with experimentation with e-cigs prior to c-cigs in a fully-adjusted model. Alcohol abuse (AOR=0.57, 95% CI: 0.48–0.68) and weekday internet usage for recreation (AOR=0.69, 95% CI: 0.60–0.78) were negatively associated. CONCLUSIONS The characteristics of those who experiment with e-cigs over c-cigs may be different from the general characteristics of vaping. Considering recent e-cig epidemics, more attention should be paid to the adolescents who tend to start e-cigs first.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hyeon Hyeon
- Department of Family Medicine, BHS Hanseo Hospital, Busan, South Korea
| | - Cameron Shelley
- Cancer Epidemiology Intelligence Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Cheol Min Lee
- Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
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Kang SY, Kim CK. Association between lead exposure and increased risk of bronchial asthma in Korean adolescents. ALLERGY ASTHMA & RESPIRATORY DISEASE 2019. [DOI: 10.4168/aard.2019.7.1.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sin Young Kang
- Asthma and Allergy Center, Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang-Keun Kim
- Asthma and Allergy Center, Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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Westergren T, Berntsen S, Ludvigsen MS, Aagaard H, Hall EOC, Ommundsen Y, Uhrenfeldt L, Fegran L. Relationship between physical activity level and psychosocial and socioeconomic factors and issues in children and adolescents with asthma: a scoping review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 15:2182-2222. [PMID: 28800060 DOI: 10.11124/jbisrir-2016-003308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is a heterogeneous chronic airway disease which may reduce capability for physical activity. In healthy peers, physical activity is influenced by psychosocial and socioeconomic factors. Knowledge about the role of these factors has not been mapped in children and adolescents with asthma. OBJECTIVE The main objective of this scoping review was to identify psychosocial and socioeconomic factors associated with physical activity level in children and adolescents with asthma in the literature. The specific objectives were to map the instruments used to measure these factors, report on the construction and validation of these instruments, map psychosocial and socioeconomic issues related to physical activity level reported in qualitative studies, and identify gaps in knowledge about the relationship between psychosocial and socioeconomic factors and physical activity level in children and adolescents with asthma. INCLUSION CRITERIA TYPES OF PARTICIPANTS Children and adolescents with asthma aged six to 18 years. CONCEPT Psychosocial and socioeconomic factors related to physical activity level and participation. CONTEXT All physical activity contexts. TYPES OF SOURCES Quantitative and qualitative primary studies in English, with no date limit. SEARCH STRATEGY The databases searched included nine major databases for health and sports science, and five databases for unpublished studies. After screening and identification of studies, the reference lists of all identified reports were searched, and forward citation searches were conducted using four databases. EXTRACTION OF THE RESULTS The following data were extracted: (a) relevant study characteristics and assessment of physical activity level, (b) instruments used to assess psychosocial and socioeconomic factors, (c) association between physical activity level and these factors, (d) construction and validation of instruments, and (e) psychosocial and socioeconomic issues related to physical activity participation. PRESENTATION OF THE RESULTS Twenty-one quantitative and 13 qualitative studies were included. In cross-sectional studies, enjoyment, physical self-concept, self-efficacy, attitudes and beliefs about physical activity and health, psychological distress, health-related quality of life, and social support were more often reported as being correlated with physical activity level. In three studies, the construct validity was assessed by factor analysis and construct reliability tests for the study population. Qualitative studies reported 10 issues related to physical activity participation, and capability and being like peers were most commonly reported. There was no direct evidence that qualitative research informed the development or adjustment of instruments in quantitative studies. CONCLUSIONS Seven psychosocial factors correlated with physical activity level; capability and being like peers were the most commonly reported issues. Reports of the construction and validation of instruments were sparse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Westergren
- 1Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway 2Clinical Research Unit, Randers Regional Hospital, Randers, Denmark 3Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark 4Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark 5Section of Nursing, Department of Public Health, Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark 6Department of Coaching and Psychology, Norwegian School of Sports Science, Oslo, Norway 7Danish Centre of Systematic Reviews: a Joanna Briggs Institute Center of Excellence, The Center of Clinical Guidelines - Clearing house, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark 8Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Nord University, Bodo, Norway 9Department of Pediatrics, Sørlandet Hospital, Kristiansand, Norway
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Kim SY, Sim S, Choi HG. Active, passive, and electronic cigarette smoking is associated with asthma in adolescents. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17789. [PMID: 29259221 PMCID: PMC5736689 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17958-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the associations of active, passive, and electronic cigarette (E-cigarette) smoking with asthma in Korean adolescents. We used the cross-sectional study of Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey conducted in 2011, 2012 and 2013. Active smoking was classified into 4 groups (0 days, 1-5 days, 6-19 days, and ≥20 days a month). Passive smoking was also categorized into 4 groups (0 days, 1-2 days, 3-4 days, and ≥5 days a week). E-cigarette was defined as yes or no in the last 30 days. Age, sex, obesity, region of residence, economic level, and parental educational level were adjusted for as confounders. Smoking variables were adjusted for one another. Adjusted odd ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using multiple logistic regression analysis with complex sampling. In total, 2.3% (4,890/216,056) of participants reported asthma in the past 12 months. Active smoking was significantly associated with asthma (AOR [95% CI] of smoking ≥20 days/month = 1.57 [1.38-1.77], P < 0.001). Passive smoking was also related with asthma (AOR [95% CI] of smoking ≥5 days/week = 1.40 [1.28-1.53], P < 0.001). E-cigarette showed positive relation with asthma, although the effects of past smoking history could not be excluded (AOR [95% CI] = 1.12 [1.01-1.26], P = 0.027).
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Affiliation(s)
- So Young Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Songyong Sim
- Department of Statistics, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Hyo Geun Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea.
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Association between Exposure to Traffic-Related Air Pollution and Prevalence of Allergic Diseases in Children, Seoul, Korea. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:4216107. [PMID: 29057259 PMCID: PMC5615949 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4216107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 07/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Although there has been suggestive evidence of the association between TRAP and ADs, findings remained inconsistent possibly due to limited population. We investigated the association between TRAP and ADs in a large population of children with rich spatial coverage and expanded age span in Seoul, Korea. TRAP exposures were estimated by categorized proximity to the nearest major road (≤150, 150–300, 300–500, and >500 m) and density of major roads within 300 meters from children's residences. We estimated the association between two TRAP exposures and three ADs using generalized mixed model after adjusting for individual characteristics. We also investigated whether the association varied by household and regional socioeconomic status. We found associations of atopic eczema with road density [OR = 1.08; 95% CI = 1.01–1.15] and road proximity [1.15, 1.01–1.32; 1.17, 1.03–1.34; and 1.16, 1.01–1.34 for ≤150, 150–300, and 300–500 m, resp., compared to >500 m]. There was no association with asthma and allergic rhinitis. Effect estimates were generally the highest in the low socioeconomic region. Children living in areas surrounded by large and busy roads were likely to be at greater risks for atopic eczema, with increased vulnerability when living in deprived areas.
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Lim MS, Lee CH, Sim S, Hong SK, Choi HG. Physical Activity, Sedentary Habits, Sleep, and Obesity are Associated with Asthma, Allergic Rhinitis, and Atopic Dermatitis in Korean Adolescents. Yonsei Med J 2017; 58:1040-1046. [PMID: 28792151 PMCID: PMC5552632 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2017.58.5.1040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Since pathophysiologic evidence has been raised to suggest that obesity could facilitate an allergic reaction, obesity has been known as an independent risk factor for allergic disease such as asthma. However, the relationship between sedentary behavior and lifestyle which could lead to obesity, and those allergic diseases remains unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed the relations between physical activity, including sitting time for study, sitting time for leisure and sleep time, and obesity, asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis using the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey, which was conducted in 2013. Total 53769 adolescent participants (12 through 18 years old) were analyzed using simple and multiple logistic regression analyses with complex sampling. RESULTS Longer sitting time for study and short sitting time for leisure were associated with allergic rhinitis. High physical activity and short sleep time were associated with asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis. Underweight was negatively associated with atopic dermatitis, whereas overweight was positively correlated with allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis. CONCLUSION High physical activity, and short sleep time were associated with asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Sup Lim
- Department of Medical Education, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Chang Hee Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea
| | - Songyong Sim
- Department of Statistics, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Sung Kwang Hong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea.
| | - Hyo Geun Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea.
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Ssewanyana D, Nyongesa MK, van Baar A, Newton CR, Abubakar A. Health risk behavior among chronically ill adolescents: a systematic review of assessment tools. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2017; 11:32. [PMID: 28725261 PMCID: PMC5512752 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-017-0172-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescents living with chronic illnesses engage in health risk behaviors (HRB) which pose challenges for optimizing care and management of their ill health. Frequent monitoring of HRB is recommended, however little is known about which are the most useful tools to detect HRB among chronically ill adolescents. AIMS This systematic review was conducted to address important knowledge gaps on the assessment of HRB among chronically ill adolescents. Its specific aims were to: identify HRB assessment tools, the geographical location of the studies, their means of administration, the psychometric properties of the tools and the commonest forms of HRB assessed among adolescents living with chronic illnesses globally. METHODS We searched in four bibliographic databases of PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO and Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts for empirical studies published until April 2017 on HRB among chronically ill adolescents aged 10-17 years. RESULTS This review indicates a major dearth of research on HRB among chronically ill adolescents especially in low income settings. The Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System and Health Behavior in School-aged Children were the commonest HRB assessment tools. Only 21% of the eligible studies reported psychometric properties of the HRB tools or items. Internal consistency was good and varied from 0.73 to 0.98 whereas test-retest reliability varied from unacceptable (0.58) to good (0.85). Numerous methods of tool administration were also identified. Alcohol, tobacco and other drug use and physical inactivity are the commonest forms of HRB assessed. CONCLUSION Evidence on the suitability of the majority of the HRB assessment tools has so far been documented in high income settings where most of them have been developed. The utility of such tools in low resource settings is often hampered by the cultural and contextual variations across regions. The psychometric qualities were good but only reported in a minority of studies from high income settings. This result points to the need for more resources and capacity building for tool adaptation and validation, so as to enhance research on HRB among chronically ill adolescents in low resource settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derrick Ssewanyana
- 0000 0001 0155 5938grid.33058.3dCentre for Geographic Medicine Research Coast, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kilifi, Kenya ,0000000120346234grid.5477.1Utrecht Centre for Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Moses Kachama Nyongesa
- 0000 0001 0155 5938grid.33058.3dCentre for Geographic Medicine Research Coast, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Anneloes van Baar
- 0000000120346234grid.5477.1Utrecht Centre for Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Charles R. Newton
- 0000 0001 0155 5938grid.33058.3dCentre for Geographic Medicine Research Coast, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kilifi, Kenya ,0000 0004 1936 8948grid.4991.5Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK ,grid.449370.dDepartment of Public Health, Pwani University, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Amina Abubakar
- 0000 0001 0155 5938grid.33058.3dCentre for Geographic Medicine Research Coast, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kilifi, Kenya ,0000000120346234grid.5477.1Utrecht Centre for Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands ,0000 0004 1936 8948grid.4991.5Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK ,grid.449370.dDepartment of Public Health, Pwani University, Kilifi, Kenya
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da Silva BGC, Menezes AMB, Wehrmeister FC, Barros FC, Pratt M. Screen-based sedentary behavior during adolescence and pulmonary function in a birth cohort. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2017. [PMID: 28645330 PMCID: PMC5481971 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-017-0536-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adolescents spend many hours in sitting activities as television viewing, video game playing and computer use. The relationship between sedentary behavior and respiratory health remains poorly elucidated. To date there have been no studies evaluating the relationship between sedentary behavior and pulmonary function in young populations. The purpose of this study is to examine the association between the trajectory of screen-based sedentary behavior from 11 to 18 years and pulmonary function at 18 years in a Brazilian birth cohort. Methods Data from a longitudinal prospective study conducted among the participants of the 1993 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort. Time spent on television, video games, and computers during a weekday was self-reported at ages 11, 15 and 18 years. For each age, sedentary behavior was defined as the sum of time spent on these screen-based activities. To evaluate the sedentary behavior trajectory during adolescence group-based trajectory modeling was used. Outcome variables were three pulmonary function parameters: forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and peak expiratory flow (PEF), evaluated by spirometry, at 18 years expressed as z-scores. Crude and adjusted linear regressions, stratified by sex, were performed. Results The three-group trajectory of sedentary behavior was the best fitting model. The trajectory groups were: always high (representing 38.8% of the individuals), always moderate (54.1%), and always low (7.1%). In the adjusted analyses, boys in the always-low group for sedentary behavior had higher FVC at 18 years (β = 0.177; 95% CI:0.027;0.327; p = 0.021) than boys in the always-high group. There were no differences for other pulmonary function parameters in boys. No significant association was found for girls. Conclusion The trajectory of screen-based sedentary behavior throughout adolescence was not consistent associated with pulmonary function at 18 years. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12966-017-0536-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana M B Menezes
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernando C Wehrmeister
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernando C Barros
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Behavior, Catholic University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Michael Pratt
- Institute of Public Health, Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
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Kim HN, Kim JH, Kim SY, Kim JB. Associations of Community Water Fluoridation with Caries Prevalence and Oral Health Inequality in Children. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:ijerph14060631. [PMID: 28608827 PMCID: PMC5486317 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14060631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to confirm the association between the community water fluoridation (CWF) programme and dental caries prevention on permanent teeth, comparing to a control area, neighbouring population without the programme, and verifying whether the programme can reduce the socio-economic inequality related to the oral health of children in Korea. Evaluation surveys were conducted among 6-, 8-, and 11-year-old children living in Okcheon (CWF) and neighbouring Yeongdong (non-CWF, control area) towns in South Korea. Data on monthly family income, caregiver educational level, and Family Affluence Scale scores were evaluated using questionnaires that were distributed to the parents. The effectiveness of CWF in caries reduction was calculated based on the differences in decayed, missing, and filled teeth and decayed, missing, and filled tooth surfaces indices between the two towns. The data were analysed using logistic regression and univariate analysis of variance. Both 8- and 11-year-old children living in the CWF area had lower dental caries prevalence than those living in the non-CWF community. Differences in dental caries prevalence based on educational level were found in the control area but not in the CWF area. Socio-economic factor-related inequality in oral health were observed in the non-CWF community. Additionally, 8- and 11-year-old children living in the CWF area displayed lower dental caries prevalence in the pit-and-fissure and smooth surfaces than those living in the non-CWF community. These results suggest that CWF programmes are effective in the prevention of caries on permanent teeth and can reduce oral health inequalities among children. The implementation of CWF programmes should be sustained to overcome oral health inequalities due to socio-economic factors and improve children's overall oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Na Kim
- Department of Dental Hygiene, College of Health Sciences, Cheongju University, 298, Daesung-ro, Cheongwon-gu, Cheongju 28503, Korea.
| | - Jeong-Hee Kim
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, 49, Busandaehak-ro, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Korea.
| | - Se-Yeon Kim
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, 49, Busandaehak-ro, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Korea.
- BK 21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea.
| | - Jin-Bom Kim
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, 49, Busandaehak-ro, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan, Gyeongsangnam-do 50612, Korea.
- BK 21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea.
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13
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Leinaar E, Alamian A, Wang L. A systematic review of the relationship between asthma, overweight, and the effects of physical activity in youth. Ann Epidemiol 2016; 26:504-510.e6. [PMID: 27449571 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The association of asthma and overweight in youth is well studied. However, the temporal relationship between asthma and overweight, the strength of their association, and mediating factors involved in this relationship remain unclear. This review investigates the relationship between asthma and overweight in youth, while examining the role of physical activity as a mediator. METHODS A systematic review of literature was conducted using PubMed and Medline databases. Studies conducted among youth aged 0-18 years, published in English between 2000-2014 were included. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines were consulted to evaluate quality of selected citations. RESULTS A comprehensive search yielded 143 studies in PubMed and 133 studies in Medline databases. Of these, 75 studies met the eligibility criteria. The review found varying hypotheses regarding the temporal relationship between asthma and overweight in youth; existing evidence supports the mediation of this association by decreased expenditure of energy due to reduced physical activity. Negative self-perception or parental perception of exercise ability due to asthma symptoms secondary to physical exertion was identified as a determinant of physical activity in asthmatic youth. CONCLUSIONS Physical activity likely mediates the relationship between asthma and overweight in youth. Temporality of this relationship remains unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Leinaar
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City
| | - Arsham Alamian
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City.
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City
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14
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Husarova D, Geckova AM, Blinka L, Sevcikova A, van Dijk JP, Reijneveld SA. Screen-based behaviour in school-aged children with long-term illness. BMC Public Health 2016; 16:130. [PMID: 26861123 PMCID: PMC4746885 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-2804-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Evidence is lacking on the screen-based behaviour of adolescents with a chronic condition. The aim of our study was to analyse differences in screen-based behaviour of adolescents by long-term illness, asthma and learning disabilities. Methods We used data from the cross-sectional Health Behaviour of School-aged Children study collected in 2014 among Slovak adolescents (age 13 to 15 years old, N = 2682, 49.7 % boys). We analysed the associations between screen-based behaviour and long-term illness, asthma and learning disabilities using logistic regression models adjusted for gender. Results We found no associations between screen-based behaviour and long-term illness, except that children with asthma had a 1.60-times higher odds of excessively playing computer games than healthy children (95 % confidence interval of odds ratio (CI): 1.11–2.30). Children with learning disabilities had 1.71-times higher odds of risky use of the Internet (95 % CI: 1.19–2.45). Conclusion Adolescents with a long-term illness or with a chronic condition or a learning disability do not differ from their peers in screen-based activities. Exceptions are children with asthma and children with learning disabilities, who reported more risky screen-based behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Husarova
- Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, P.J. Safarik University in Kosice, Tr. SNP 1, Kosice, 040 01, Slovak Republic. .,Graduate School Kosice Institute for Society and Health, Faculty of Medicine, P.J. Safarik University in Kosice, Tr. SNP 1, Kosice, 040 01, Slovak Republic.
| | - Andrea Madarasova Geckova
- Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, P.J. Safarik University in Kosice, Tr. SNP 1, Kosice, 040 01, Slovak Republic. .,Graduate School Kosice Institute for Society and Health, Faculty of Medicine, P.J. Safarik University in Kosice, Tr. SNP 1, Kosice, 040 01, Slovak Republic. .,Center for Kinanthropology Research, Institute of Active Lifestyle, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacky University in Olomouc, Tr. Miru 115, Olomouc, 77111, Czech Republic. .,Olomouc University Social Health Institute, Palacky University Olomouc, Tr. Miru 115, Olomouc, 77111, Czech Republic.
| | - Lukas Blinka
- Institute for Research on Children, Youth and Family, Faculty of Social Studies, Masaryk University Brno, Joštova 10, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Anna Sevcikova
- Institute for Research on Children, Youth and Family, Faculty of Social Studies, Masaryk University Brno, Joštova 10, 602 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Jitse P van Dijk
- Graduate School Kosice Institute for Society and Health, Faculty of Medicine, P.J. Safarik University in Kosice, Tr. SNP 1, Kosice, 040 01, Slovak Republic. .,Olomouc University Social Health Institute, Palacky University Olomouc, Tr. Miru 115, Olomouc, 77111, Czech Republic. .,Department of Community & Occupational Health, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Sijmen A Reijneveld
- Department of Community & Occupational Health, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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15
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Lee KS, Rha YH, Oh IH, Choi YS, Choi SH. Socioeconomic and sociodemographic factors related to allergic diseases in Korean adolescents based on the Seventh Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey: a cross-sectional study. BMC Pediatr 2016; 16:19. [PMID: 26819079 PMCID: PMC4728782 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-016-0549-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Various international reports have shown that socioeconomic and sociodemographic variables are correlated with allergic diseases; however, little is known about how these variables affect Korean adolescents. This study was conducted to identify socioeconomic and sociodemographic risk factors for allergic diseases in Korean adolescents to provide information for preventing and managing such conditions. Methods Data from the 2011 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (KYRBWS-VII) of 75,643 adolescents were used. An anonymously administered online survey was conducted to collect dependent variable information on perceived sexes, residence, family affluence (Family Affluence Scale; FAS), parental education levels, subjective academic achievement, obesity, drinking and smoking. The independent variables were asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the correlations between the dependent and independent variables. Results Low subjective academic achievement, obesity, drinking and smoking were risk factors for asthma. High FAS, parental bachelor’s degree and high subjective academic achievement were risk factors for allergic rhinitis. Finally, high FAS, maternal bachelor’s degree and high subjective academic achievement were risk factors for atopic dermatitis. Conclusion We found that high socioeconomic status (SES) was a risk factor for allergic diseases in Korean adolescents. We propose that the greater access to medical services and immunization (e.g., hygiene hypothesis) afforded by high SES influenced the prevalence of allergic diseases. Thus, as the Korean economy develops further, the prevalence of allergic diseases is likely to increase. Controlling harmful behavioral risk factors, such as drinking and smoking, may help to prevent adolescent allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Suk Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13496, South Korea
| | - Yeong-Ho Rha
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, 23, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, South Korea
| | - In-Hwan Oh
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, South Korea
| | - Yong-Sung Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, 23, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, South Korea
| | - Sun-Hee Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, 23, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, South Korea. .,Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, 892, Dongnam-ro, Gandong-gu, Seoul, 05278, South Korea.
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16
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Lövström L, Emtner M, Alving K, Nordvall L, Borres MP, Janson C, Malinovschi A. High levels of physical activity are associated with poorer asthma control in young females but not in males. Respirology 2015; 21:79-87. [PMID: 26581686 DOI: 10.1111/resp.12671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2015] [Revised: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Earlier studies on the levels of physical activity in asthma patients compared with controls have yielded varying results. We have previously reported that high versus moderate levels of physical activity were associated with higher prevalence of wheezing, especially in females. Here we studied the levels of physical activity in young patients with asthma and healthy subjects and their effect on asthma control. METHODS Four hundred eight physician-diagnosed patients with asthma and 118 controls (10-34 years) answered questions concerning frequency and/or duration of physical activity and undertook the Asthma Control Test (ACT), spirometry, methacholine challenges and exhaled nitric oxide measurements. RESULTS Asthma patients were more frequently physically active (P = 0.01) and for longer durations (P = 0.002) than controls. Highly versus moderately physically active patients with asthma had a higher prevalence of not well-controlled asthma (ACT < 20) when physical activity was assessed by frequency (40.6% vs 24.1%, P = 0.001) or duration (39.0% vs 21.7%, P < 0.001). This was only seen in females who had reduced ACT items (P < 0.05). Frequently versus moderately active females had an odds ratio of 4.81 (2.43, 9.51) to have ACT < 20, while no such effect was found in males (OR 1.18 (0.61, 2.30)) and this interaction was statistically significantly associated with gender (P = 0.003). No differences in fraction of exhaled nitric oxide or methacholine reactivity were found between moderately and highly physically active females with asthma. CONCLUSION Young asthma patients were more active than controls. High levels of physical activity were associated with poor asthma control as judged by the ACT in females, but not in males, and this appears unrelated to airway inflammation or responsiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludvig Lövström
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Physiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Margareta Emtner
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiotherapy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Medical Sciences, Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kjell Alving
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lennart Nordvall
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Magnus P Borres
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christer Janson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Andrei Malinovschi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Physiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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17
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Groth S, Rhee H, Kitzman H. Relationships among obesity, physical activity and sedentary behavior in young adolescents with and without lifetime asthma. J Asthma 2015; 53:19-24. [PMID: 26288155 PMCID: PMC4827268 DOI: 10.3109/02770903.2015.1063646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the inter-relationships among body mass index (BMI), physical activity, sedentary behavior and gender in urban, low-income, primarily African American young adolescents with or without lifetime asthma. METHODS Data were collected in 2002-2004 from 626 12-year old adolescents who were children of women who participated in the New Mother's Study in Memphis, TN (1990-1991). Adolescents with and without asthma were compared on BMI, physical activity and sedentary behavior. Multiple linear regression models were used to examine the association of asthma, gender and BMI with physical activity and sedentary behavior. RESULTS Complete data were available for 545 adolescents. Eleven percent of adolescents had lifetime asthma. Asthma and gender were associated with high-intensity physical activity (p < 0.001). Adolescents with asthma participated in less physical activity and girls participated less than boys. Gender was associated with sedentary behavior (p < 0.001): boys used personal computer (pc)/video after school more than girls. Girls with asthma had a higher BMI than girls without asthma (p = 0.027). Boys with asthma were less physically active than boys without asthma (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Adolescents with asthma are less physically active than those without asthma and girls are less active than boys. Clinicians who provide care for adolescents with asthma are encouraged to assess physical activity/sedentary behavior and provide guidance that promotes active lifestyles. A longitudinal study is needed to shed light on the unique contribution of asthma separated from the effects of overweight/obesity on physical activity and sedentary behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Groth
- University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Ave., Box SON, Rochester, NY 14642, 585-275-8895, Fax: 1-585-273-1270,
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18
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Teng YK, Huang JL, Yeh KW, Fu LS, Lin CH, Ma WF, Lee SD, Chiang LC. Influential factors of insufficient physical activity among adolescents with asthma in Taiwan. PLoS One 2014; 9:e116417. [PMID: 25551759 PMCID: PMC4281071 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Little research has been reported concerning insufficient physical activity in Taiwanese adolescents with asthma. The aims of this paper are to compare the amount of physical activity between asthmatic and non-asthmatic adolescents in Taiwan, as well as to investigate the influential factors associated with insufficient physical activity in asthmatic adolescents. METHODS Self-reporting structured questionnaires (socio-economic status, scale of family support for physical activity, amount of physical activity) and peak expiratory flow were assessed from 286 adolescents with asthma and 588 non-asthmatic adolescents in a cross-sectional design. Insufficient amount of physical activity was based on less than 300 minutes per week of moderate and vigorous physical activity. RESULTS Adolescents with asthma have a greater amount of physical activity and a higher level of family support than those who are non-asthmatic. In Taiwan, adolescents with asthma, girls relative to boys, obesity relative to average weight, and low family support relative to high family support were found to be associated with insufficient physical activity. CONCLUSION Physical activity in adolescents with asthma is insufficient especially in girls, in asthmatics with obesity, and in those with low family support. We suggest that physical activity programs should be applied to Taiwan adolescents with asthma in order to match the criteria of 300 minutes per week of moderate and vigorous physical activity, especially for girls, the obese and those with a low level of family support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Kuei Teng
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Nursing, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Long Huang
- Division of Allergy Asthma and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Wei Yeh
- Division of Allergy Asthma and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Lin-Shien Fu
- Division of Pediatric Immunology and Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Huei Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medical Science, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Nursing, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Fen Ma
- School of Nursing, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Da Lee
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (L-CC); (S-DL)
| | - Li-Chi Chiang
- School of Nursing, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Nursing, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (L-CC); (S-DL)
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Cho KO, Lee S, Kim YS. Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Are Independently Associated with Weight in Korean Adolescents. J Lifestyle Med 2014; 4:47-54. [PMID: 26064854 PMCID: PMC4390757 DOI: 10.15280/jlm.2014.4.1.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study examines the relationship between physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior (SB) and body weight in Korean adolescents. METHODS This study used a nationally representative sample of 72,368 South Korean adolescents, aged 13 to 18 years. The study sample was categorized according to BMI as follows: underweight, body mass index (BMI) <18.5; normal weight, 18.5 ≤ BMI < 23.0; overweight, 23.0 ≤ BMI < 25.0; and obese, 25.0 ≤ BMI. An analysis was then performed to determine if meeting the recommended guidelines for PA frequency (5 times/week ≤) and amount of SB (<2 hours/day) was associated with weight category. RESULTS The percentage of normal weight adolescents was 54.3% while the percentages of underweight, overweight, and obese adolescents were 27.4%, 10.2%, and 8.1%, respectively. Significantly fewer underweight and obese adolescents met PA guidelines compared to normal weight adolescents. In addition, underweight, overweight, and obese adolescents had significantly higher SB scores. CONCLUSION The present study indicates that in Korean adolescents, physical activity and sedentary behavior are independently associated with weight status. Overweight, obese and underweight Korean adolescents should all be independently monitored for management of health-related behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Ok Cho
- Department of Sports Science, Hanyang University, Korea
| | - Sukho Lee
- Department of Curriculum and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, USA
| | - Yeon Soo Kim
- Health and Exercise Science Laboratory, Institute of Sports Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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