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de Moraes LMP, Marques HF, Reis VCB, Coelho CM, Leitão MDC, Galdino AS, Porto de Souza TP, Piva LC, Perez ALA, Trichez D, de Almeida JRM, De Marco JL, Torres FAG. Applications of the Methylotrophic Yeast Komagataella phaffii in the Context of Modern Biotechnology. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:411. [PMID: 38921397 PMCID: PMC11205268 DOI: 10.3390/jof10060411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Komagataella phaffii (formerly Pichia pastoris) is a methylotrophic yeast widely used in laboratories around the world to produce recombinant proteins. Given its advantageous features, it has also gained much interest in the context of modern biotechnology. In this review, we present the utilization of K. phaffii as a platform to produce several products of economic interest such as biopharmaceuticals, renewable chemicals, fuels, biomaterials, and food/feed products. Finally, we present synthetic biology approaches currently used for strain engineering, aiming at the production of new bioproducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Maria Pepe de Moraes
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil; (L.M.P.d.M.); (H.F.M.); (L.C.P.); (A.L.A.P.); (J.L.D.M.)
| | - Henrique Fetzner Marques
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil; (L.M.P.d.M.); (H.F.M.); (L.C.P.); (A.L.A.P.); (J.L.D.M.)
| | - Viviane Castelo Branco Reis
- Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, Embresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA) Agroenergy, Brasília 70770-901, DF, Brazil; (V.C.B.R.); (D.T.); (J.R.M.d.A.)
| | - Cintia Marques Coelho
- Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Department of Genetics and Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil; (C.M.C.); (M.d.C.L.)
| | - Matheus de Castro Leitão
- Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Department of Genetics and Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil; (C.M.C.); (M.d.C.L.)
| | - Alexsandro Sobreira Galdino
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Federal University of São João Del-Rei, Divinópolis 35501-296, MG, Brazil; (A.S.G.); (T.P.P.d.S.)
| | - Thais Paiva Porto de Souza
- Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Federal University of São João Del-Rei, Divinópolis 35501-296, MG, Brazil; (A.S.G.); (T.P.P.d.S.)
| | - Luiza Cesca Piva
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil; (L.M.P.d.M.); (H.F.M.); (L.C.P.); (A.L.A.P.); (J.L.D.M.)
| | - Ana Laura Alfonso Perez
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil; (L.M.P.d.M.); (H.F.M.); (L.C.P.); (A.L.A.P.); (J.L.D.M.)
| | - Débora Trichez
- Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, Embresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA) Agroenergy, Brasília 70770-901, DF, Brazil; (V.C.B.R.); (D.T.); (J.R.M.d.A.)
| | - João Ricardo Moreira de Almeida
- Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, Embresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA) Agroenergy, Brasília 70770-901, DF, Brazil; (V.C.B.R.); (D.T.); (J.R.M.d.A.)
| | - Janice Lisboa De Marco
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil; (L.M.P.d.M.); (H.F.M.); (L.C.P.); (A.L.A.P.); (J.L.D.M.)
| | - Fernando Araripe Gonçalves Torres
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil; (L.M.P.d.M.); (H.F.M.); (L.C.P.); (A.L.A.P.); (J.L.D.M.)
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Daval C, Tran T, Verdier F, Martin A, Alexandre H, Grandvalet C, Tourdot-Maréchal R. Identification of Key Parameters Inducing Microbial Modulation during Backslopped Kombucha Fermentation. Foods 2024; 13:1181. [PMID: 38672854 PMCID: PMC11049054 DOI: 10.3390/foods13081181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the impact of production parameters on the reproducibility of kombucha fermentation over several production cycles based on backslopping. Six conditions with varying oxygen accessibility (specific interface surface) and initial acidity (through the inoculation rate) of the cultures were carried out and compared to an original kombucha consortium and a synthetic consortium assembled from yeasts and bacteria isolated from the original culture. Output parameters monitored were microbial populations, biofilm weight, key physico-chemical parameters and metabolites. Results highlighted the existence of phases in microbial dynamics as backslopping cycles progressed. The transitions between phases occurred faster for the synthetic consortium compared to the original kombucha. This led to microbial dynamics and fermentative kinetics that were reproducible over several cycles but that could also deviate and shift abruptly to different behaviors. These changes were mainly induced by an increase in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae population, associated with an intensification of sucrose hydrolysis, sugar consumption and an increase in ethanol content, without any significant acceleration in the rate of acidification. The study suggests that the reproducibility of kombucha fermentations relies on high biodiversity to slow down the modulations of microbial dynamics induced by the sustained rhythm of backslopping cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Daval
- Institut Agro, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Université Bourgogne, INRAE, UMR PAM 1517, 21000 Dijon, France (H.A.); (C.G.); (R.T.-M.)
| | - Thierry Tran
- Institut Agro, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Université Bourgogne, INRAE, UMR PAM 1517, 21000 Dijon, France (H.A.); (C.G.); (R.T.-M.)
| | | | - Antoine Martin
- Biomère, 10B Rue du Nouveau Bêle, 44470 Carquefou, France
| | - Hervé Alexandre
- Institut Agro, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Université Bourgogne, INRAE, UMR PAM 1517, 21000 Dijon, France (H.A.); (C.G.); (R.T.-M.)
| | - Cosette Grandvalet
- Institut Agro, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Université Bourgogne, INRAE, UMR PAM 1517, 21000 Dijon, France (H.A.); (C.G.); (R.T.-M.)
| | - Raphaëlle Tourdot-Maréchal
- Institut Agro, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Université Bourgogne, INRAE, UMR PAM 1517, 21000 Dijon, France (H.A.); (C.G.); (R.T.-M.)
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Kasegn MM, Simachew A, Redda YT, Gebremedhn HM. Production of bioethanol from sweet sorghum [Sorghum bicolor L.] juice using yeast isolated from fermented sweet sorghum juice. Int Microbiol 2024; 27:491-504. [PMID: 37498435 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-023-00403-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
As a sugar-rich plant with no impact on global warming and food security, sweet sorghum can be exploited as an alternative source of renewable bioenergy. This study aimed to examine the potential of sweet sorghum juice for the generation of bioethanol using yeast isolated from the juice. The °Brix of sweet sorghum juice was measured using a digital refractometer. Additionally, 18 wild yeasts isolated from fermented sweet sorghum juice were subjected to various biochemical tests to describe them to identify potential yeast for ethanol production. The morphological and biochemical analyses of the yeasts revealed that all of the yeast isolates were most likely members of the genus Saccharomyces. The most ethanol-tolerant yeast isolate SJU14 was employed for sweet sorghum juice fermentation. A completely randomized factorial design was used with various fermentation parameters, primarily pH, temperature, and incubation period. Then ethanol content was determined using a potassium dichromate solution. According to the ANOVA, the highest ethanol content (18.765%) was produced at 30/26 °C, pH 4.5, and incubated for 96 h. Sweet sorghum juice was found to be an excellent source of potent yeasts, which have important industrial properties like the capacity to grow at high ethanol and glucose concentrations. Moreover, it can be utilized as a substitute substrate for the manufacturing of bioethanol production to lessen the environmental threat posed by fossil fuels. Further research is, therefore, recommended to develop strategically valuable applications of sweet sorghum for enhancing the food system and mitigating climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melaku Mekonen Kasegn
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Dryland Agriculture and Natural Resources, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia.
| | - Addis Simachew
- Institute of Biotechnology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | | | - Hailay Mehari Gebremedhn
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Dryland Agriculture and Natural Resources, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
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Botman D, Kanagasabapathi S, Rep MI, van Rossum K, Tutucci E, Teusink B. cAMP in budding yeast: Also a messenger for sucrose metabolism? BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119706. [PMID: 38521467 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2024.119706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
S. cerevisiae (or budding yeast) is an important micro-organism for sucrose-based fermentation in biotechnology. Yet, it is largely unknown how budding yeast adapts to sucrose transitions. Sucrose can only be metabolized when the invertase or the maltose machinery are expressed and we propose that the Gpr1p receptor signals extracellular sucrose availability via the cAMP peak to adapt cells accordingly. A transition to sucrose or glucose gave a transient cAMP peak which was maximally induced for sucrose. When transitioned to sucrose, cAMP signalling mutants showed an impaired cAMP peak together with a lower growth rate, a longer lag phase and a higher final OD600 compared to a glucose transition. These effects were not caused by altered activity or expression of enzymes involved in sucrose metabolism and imply a more general metabolic adaptation defect. Basal cAMP levels were comparable among the mutant strains, suggesting that the transient cAMP peak is required to adapt cells correctly to sucrose. We propose that the short-term dynamics of the cAMP signalling cascade detects long-term extracellular sucrose availability and speculate that its function is to maintain a fermentative phenotype at continuously low glucose and fructose concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Botman
- Systems Biology Lab, AIMMS/ALIFE, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Sineka Kanagasabapathi
- Systems Biology Lab, AIMMS/ALIFE, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mila I Rep
- Systems Biology Lab, AIMMS/ALIFE, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kelly van Rossum
- Systems Biology Lab, AIMMS/ALIFE, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Evelina Tutucci
- Systems Biology Lab, AIMMS/ALIFE, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bas Teusink
- Systems Biology Lab, AIMMS/ALIFE, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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Whitaker-Lockwood JA, Scholten SK, Karim F, Luiten AN, Perrella C. Comb spectroscopy of CO 2 produced from microbial metabolism. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 15:1553-1570. [PMID: 38495728 PMCID: PMC10942673 DOI: 10.1364/boe.515988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
We have developed a direct frequency comb spectroscopy instrument, which we have tested on Saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker's yeast) by measuring its CO2 output and production rate as we varied the environmental conditions, including the amount and type of feed sugar, the temperature, and the amount of yeast. By feeding isotopically-enhanced sugar to the yeast, we demonstrate the capability of our device to differentiate between two isotopologues of CO2, with a concentration measurement precision of 260 ppm for 12C16O2 and 175 ppm for 13C16O2. We also demonstrate the ability of our spectrometer to measure the proportion of carbon in the feed sugar converted to CO2, and estimate the amount incorporated into the yeast biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A Whitaker-Lockwood
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, School of Physical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
| | - Sarah K Scholten
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, School of Physical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Optical Microcombs for Breakthrough Science (COMBS), University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
| | - Faisal Karim
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, School of Physical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
| | - André N Luiten
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, School of Physical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Optical Microcombs for Breakthrough Science (COMBS), University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
| | - Christopher Perrella
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, School of Physical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Optical Microcombs for Breakthrough Science (COMBS), University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
- Centre of Light for Life and School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
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Raj N, Saini S. Increased privatization of a public resource leads to spread of cooperation in a microbial population. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0235823. [PMID: 38206031 PMCID: PMC10846273 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02358-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The phenomenon of cooperation is prevalent at all levels of life. In one such manifestation of cooperation in microbial communities, some cells produce costly extracellular resources that are freely available to others. These resources are referred to as public goods. Saccharomyces cerevisiae secretes invertase (public good) in the periplasm to hydrolyze sucrose into glucose and fructose, which are then imported by the cells. After hydrolysis of sucrose, a cooperator retains only 1% of the monosaccharides, while 99% of the monosaccharides diffuse into the environment and can be utilized by any cell. The non-producers of invertase (cheaters) exploit the invertase-producing cells (cooperators) by utilizing the monosaccharides and not paying the metabolic cost of producing the invertase. In this work, we investigate the evolutionary dynamics of this cheater-cooperator system. In a co-culture, if cheaters are selected for their higher fitness, the population will collapse. On the other hand, for cooperators to survive in the population, a strategy to increase fitness would likely be required. To understand the adaptation of cooperators in sucrose, we performed a coevolution experiment in sucrose. Our results show that cooperators increase in fitness as the experiment progresses. This phenomenon was not observed in environments which involved a non-public good system. Genome sequencing reveals duplication of several HXT transporters in the evolved cooperators. Based on these results, we hypothesize that increased privatization of the monosaccharides is the most likely explanation of spread of cooperators in the population.IMPORTANCEHow is cooperation, as a trait, maintained in a population? In order to answer this question, we perform a coevolution experiment between two strains of yeast-one which produces a public good to release glucose and fructose in the media, thus generating a public resource, and the other which does not produce public resource and merely benefits from the presence of the cooperator strain. What is the outcome of this coevolution experiment? We demonstrate that after ~200 generations of coevolution, cooperators increase in frequency in the co-culture. Remarkably, in all parallel lines of our experiment, this is obtained via duplication of regions which likely allow greater privatization of glucose and fructose. Thus, increased privatization, which is intuitively thought to be a strategy against cooperation, enables spread of cooperation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namratha Raj
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Supreet Saini
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
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Bruni GO, Qi Y, Terrell E, Dupre RA, Mattison CP. Characterization of Levan Fructan Produced by a Gluconobacter japonicus Strain Isolated from a Sugarcane Processing Facility. Microorganisms 2024; 12:107. [PMID: 38257935 PMCID: PMC10819292 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12010107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
During raw sugarcane processing, a significant portion of lost sucrose is attributable to microbial degradation. Sucrose consumption by many bacteria is also linked to the production of exopolysaccharides (EPS) such as dextrans and fructans. These resulting EPS cause operational challenges during raw sugar manufacturing. Here, we report the characterization of EPS from a fructan-forming Gluconobacter japonicus bacterium that we previously isolated from a Louisiana sugarcane factory. The genome sequencing revealed the presence of two encoded levansucrase genes, lsrA and lsrB. One levansucrase, LsrB, was detected in the secreted protein fraction of G. japonicus LASM12 by QTOF LC-MS. The spotting assays indicated that G. japonicus produces EPS using sucrose and raffinose as substrates. The G. japonicus EPS correlated with levan fructan commercial standards by 1H-NMR, and with the characteristic carbohydrate fingerprint region for FTIR spectra, confirming that the G. japonicus EPS is levan fructan. The glycosyl composition and glycosyl linkage analysis revealed a linear β-2,6-fructofuranosyl polysaccharide with occasional (5.7%) β-2,1-fructofuranosyl branches. The gel permeation chromatography of the levan fructan EPS showed two main peaks at 4.5 kDa and 8 kDa and a very minor peak at 500 kDa. G. japonicus was identified as a producer of levan fructan. These findings will be useful for future studies aimed at evaluating the impact of levan fructans on sugar crop processing, which have been historically underestimated in industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gillian O. Bruni
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Southern Regional Research Center, New Orleans, LA 70124, USA
| | - Yunci Qi
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Southern Regional Research Center, New Orleans, LA 70124, USA
| | - Evan Terrell
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Southern Regional Research Center, New Orleans, LA 70124, USA
| | - Rebecca A. Dupre
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Southern Regional Research Center, New Orleans, LA 70124, USA
- U.S. Department of Energy, Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Christopher P. Mattison
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Southern Regional Research Center, New Orleans, LA 70124, USA
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Attfield PV. Crucial aspects of metabolism and cell biology relating to industrial production and processing of Saccharomyces biomass. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2023; 43:920-937. [PMID: 35731243 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2022.2072268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The multitude of applications to which Saccharomyces spp. are put makes these yeasts the most prolific of industrial microorganisms. This review considers biological aspects pertaining to the manufacture of industrial yeast biomass. It is proposed that the production of yeast biomass can be considered in two distinct but interdependent phases. Firstly, there is a cell replication phase that involves reproduction of cells by their transitions through multiple budding and metabolic cycles. Secondly, there needs to be a cell conditioning phase that enables the accrued biomass to withstand the physicochemical challenges associated with downstream processing and storage. The production of yeast biomass is not simply a case of providing sugar, nutrients, and other growth conditions to enable multiple budding cycles to occur. In the latter stages of culturing, it is important that all cells are induced to complete their current budding cycle and subsequently enter into a quiescent state engendering robustness. Both the cell replication and conditioning phases need to be optimized and considered in concert to ensure good biomass production economics, and optimum performance of industrial yeasts in food and fermentation applications. Key features of metabolism and cell biology affecting replication and conditioning of industrial Saccharomyces are presented. Alternatives for growth substrates are discussed, along with the challenges and prospects associated with defining the genetic bases of industrially important phenotypes, and the generation of new yeast strains."I must be cruel only to be kind: Thus bad begins, and worse remains behind." William Shakespeare: Hamlet, Act 3, Scene 4.
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Horkai D, Hadj-Moussa H, Whale AJ, Houseley J. Dietary change without caloric restriction maintains a youthful profile in ageing yeast. PLoS Biol 2023; 21:e3002245. [PMID: 37643155 PMCID: PMC10464975 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Caloric restriction increases lifespan and improves ageing health, but it is unknown whether these outcomes can be separated or achieved through less severe interventions. Here, we show that an unrestricted galactose diet in early life minimises change during replicative ageing in budding yeast, irrespective of diet later in life. Average mother cell division rate is comparable between glucose and galactose diets, and lifespan is shorter on galactose, but markers of senescence and the progressive dysregulation of gene expression observed on glucose are minimal on galactose, showing that these are not intrinsic aspects of replicative ageing but rather associated processes. Respiration on galactose is critical for minimising hallmarks of ageing, and forced respiration during ageing on glucose by overexpression of the mitochondrial biogenesis factor Hap4 also has the same effect though only in a fraction of cells. This fraction maintains Hap4 activity to advanced age with low senescence and a youthful gene expression profile, whereas other cells in the same population lose Hap4 activity, undergo dramatic dysregulation of gene expression and accumulate fragments of chromosome XII (ChrXIIr), which are tightly associated with senescence. Our findings support the existence of two separable ageing trajectories in yeast. We propose that a complete shift to the healthy ageing mode can be achieved in wild-type cells through dietary change in early life without caloric restriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorottya Horkai
- Epigenetics Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Alex J. Whale
- Epigenetics Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Muller G, de Godoy VR, Dário MG, Duval EH, Alves-Jr SL, Bücker A, Rosa CA, Dunn B, Sherlock G, Stambuk BU. Improved Sugarcane-Based Fermentation Processes by an Industrial Fuel-Ethanol Yeast Strain. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:803. [PMID: 37623574 PMCID: PMC10456111 DOI: 10.3390/jof9080803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In Brazil, sucrose-rich broths (cane juice and/or molasses) are used to produce billions of liters of both fuel ethanol and cachaça per year using selected Saccharomyces cerevisiae industrial strains. Considering the important role of feedstock (sugar) prices in the overall process economics, to improve sucrose fermentation the genetic characteristics of a group of eight fuel-ethanol and five cachaça industrial yeasts that tend to dominate the fermentors during the production season were determined by array comparative genomic hybridization. The widespread presence of genes encoding invertase at multiple telomeres has been shown to be a common feature of both baker's and distillers' yeast strains, and is postulated to be an adaptation to sucrose-rich broths. Our results show that only two strains (one fuel-ethanol and one cachaça yeast) have amplification of genes encoding invertase, with high specific activity. The other industrial yeast strains had a single locus (SUC2) in their genome, with different patterns of invertase activity. These results indicate that invertase activity probably does not limit sucrose fermentation during fuel-ethanol and cachaça production by these industrial strains. Using this knowledge, we changed the mode of sucrose metabolism of an industrial strain by avoiding extracellular invertase activity, overexpressing the intracellular invertase, and increasing its transport through the AGT1 permease. This approach allowed the direct consumption of the disaccharide by the cells, without releasing glucose or fructose into the medium, and a 11% higher ethanol production from sucrose by the modified industrial yeast, when compared to its parental strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Muller
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil; (G.M.); (V.R.d.G.); (M.G.D.); (E.H.D.); (S.L.A.-J.); (A.B.)
| | - Victor R. de Godoy
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil; (G.M.); (V.R.d.G.); (M.G.D.); (E.H.D.); (S.L.A.-J.); (A.B.)
| | - Marcelo G. Dário
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil; (G.M.); (V.R.d.G.); (M.G.D.); (E.H.D.); (S.L.A.-J.); (A.B.)
| | - Eduarda H. Duval
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil; (G.M.); (V.R.d.G.); (M.G.D.); (E.H.D.); (S.L.A.-J.); (A.B.)
| | - Sergio L. Alves-Jr
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil; (G.M.); (V.R.d.G.); (M.G.D.); (E.H.D.); (S.L.A.-J.); (A.B.)
| | - Augusto Bücker
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil; (G.M.); (V.R.d.G.); (M.G.D.); (E.H.D.); (S.L.A.-J.); (A.B.)
| | - Carlos A. Rosa
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil;
| | - Barbara Dunn
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; (B.D.); (G.S.)
| | - Gavin Sherlock
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; (B.D.); (G.S.)
| | - Boris U. Stambuk
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil; (G.M.); (V.R.d.G.); (M.G.D.); (E.H.D.); (S.L.A.-J.); (A.B.)
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11
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Weller CA, Andreev I, Chambers MJ, Park M, Bloom JS, Sadhu MJ. Highly complete long-read genomes reveal pangenomic variation underlying yeast phenotypic diversity. Genome Res 2023; 33:729-740. [PMID: 37127330 PMCID: PMC10317115 DOI: 10.1101/gr.277515.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the genetic causes of trait variation is a primary goal of genetic research. One way that individuals can vary genetically is through variable pangenomic genes: genes that are only present in some individuals in a population. The presence or absence of entire genes could have large effects on trait variation. However, variable pangenomic genes can be missed in standard genotyping workflows, owing to reliance on aligning short-read sequencing to reference genomes. A popular method for studying the genetic basis of trait variation is linkage mapping, which identifies quantitative trait loci (QTLs), regions of the genome that harbor causative genetic variants. Large-scale linkage mapping in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has found thousands of QTLs affecting myriad yeast phenotypes. To enable the resolution of QTLs caused by variable pangenomic genes, we used long-read sequencing to generate highly complete de novo genome assemblies of 16 diverse yeast isolates. With these assemblies, we resolved QTLs for growth on maltose, sucrose, raffinose, and oxidative stress to specific genes that are absent from the reference genome but present in the broader yeast population at appreciable frequency. Copies of genes also duplicate onto chromosomes where they are absent in the reference genome, and we found that these copies generate additional QTLs whose resolution requires pangenome characterization. Our findings show the need for highly complete genome assemblies to identify the genetic basis of trait variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cory A Weller
- Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Ilya Andreev
- Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Michael J Chambers
- Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Morgan Park
- NIH Intramural Sequencing Center, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Joshua S Bloom
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
- Department of Computational Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Meru J Sadhu
- Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA;
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12
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Nwaefuna AE, Boekhout T, Garcia-Aloy M, Vrhovsek U, Zhou N. Diversity of dung beetle-associated yeasts from pristine environments of Botswana. Yeast 2023. [PMID: 37096317 DOI: 10.1002/yea.3852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Yeast-insect interactions are increasingly becoming an attractive source of discovery for previously unknown, unique, diverse, and industrially relevant yeast species. Despite a wealth of studies that have recently focused on yeasts in symbiotic association with Hymenopteran insects, yeasts associated with Coleopteran insects, such as lignocellulosic-rich dung-dependent beetles, remain poorly studied. Trends in yeast discovery suggest that species richness and diversity can be attributed to the ecological niche of the insect. Here, we considered the potential of dung beetles inhabiting the extreme environments of Botswana, characterized by desert-like conditions (semi-arid to arid and hot) as well as protected pristine environments, as possible attribute niches that can shape the extremophilic and diverse life history strategies of yeasts. We obtained a total of 97 phylogenetically diverse yeast isolates from six species of dung beetles from Botswana's unexplored environments, representing 19 species belonging to 11 genera. The findings suggest that the guts of dung beetles are a rich niche for non-Saccharomyces yeast species. Meyerozyma and Pichia were the most dominant genera associated with dung beetles, representing 55% (53 out of 97) of the yeast isolates in our study. Trichosporon and Cutaneotrichosporon genera represented 32% (31 out of 97) of the isolates. The remaining isolates belonged to Apiotrichum, Candida, Diutina, Naganishia, Rhodotorula, and Wickerhamiella genera (12 out of 97). We found out that about 62% (60 out of 97) of the isolates were potentially new species because of their low internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence similarity when compared to the most recent optimal species delineation threshold. A single isolate was unidentifiable using the ITS sequences. Using an in silico polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism approach, we revealed that there was genetic diversity within isolates of the same species. Our results contribute to the knowledge and understanding of the diversity of dung beetle-associated yeasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita E Nwaefuna
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Palapye, Botswana
| | - Teun Boekhout
- Westerdijk Institute of Fungal Biodiversity, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mar Garcia-Aloy
- Metabolomics Unit, Food Quality and Nutrition Department, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Urska Vrhovsek
- Metabolomics Unit, Food Quality and Nutrition Department, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Nerve Zhou
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Palapye, Botswana
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13
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Yang Z, Zhai X, Li M, Li Z, Shi J, Huang X, Zou X, Yan M, Qian W, Gong Y, Holmes M, Povey M, Xiao J. Saccharomyces cerevisiae-incorporated and sucrose-rich sodium alginate film: An effective antioxidant packaging film for longan preservation. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 223:673-683. [PMID: 36368365 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A sodium alginate (SA) film incorporated with Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SE) and sucrose (SU) was fabricated to control the quality and pericarp browning of longan. The SE with satisfactory glutathione production was selected as the antioxidant agent. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results revealed that the SU-rich SA film could be used as an effective carrier to protect the cell integrity of SE. The FTIR and mechanical property results indicated that the SA-SE film with the incorporation of SU has good flexibility due to the existence of hydrogen bonds. Notably, the cell viability of the SE was significantly improved with the addition of SU, which positively affects the antioxidant property of the film during the storage period. Finally, the SA-SE-3.0%SU films obviously improved the quality and pericarp browning of longan. The SA-based film incorporated with SU and SE may be established as a novel antioxidant fruit packaging material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhikun Yang
- Agricultural Product Processing and Storage Lab, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhai
- Agricultural Product Processing and Storage Lab, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Mingrui Li
- Agricultural Product Processing and Storage Lab, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Zhihua Li
- Agricultural Product Processing and Storage Lab, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Jiyong Shi
- Agricultural Product Processing and Storage Lab, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Xiaowei Huang
- Agricultural Product Processing and Storage Lab, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China.
| | - Xiaobo Zou
- Agricultural Product Processing and Storage Lab, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China.
| | - Ma Yan
- Agricultural Product Processing and Storage Lab, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Wu Qian
- Agricultural Product Processing and Storage Lab, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Yunyun Gong
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Melvin Holmes
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Megan Povey
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
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14
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Mahilkar A, Nagendra P, Alugoju P, E R, Saini S. Public good-driven release of heterogeneous resources leads to genotypic diversification of an isogenic yeast population. Evolution 2022; 76:2811-2828. [PMID: 36181481 PMCID: PMC7614384 DOI: 10.1111/evo.14646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the basis of biological diversity remains a central problem in evolutionary biology. Using microbial systems, adaptive diversification has been studied in (a) spatially heterogeneous environments, (b) temporally segregated resources, and (c) resource specialization in a homogeneous environment. However, it is not well understood how adaptive diversification can take place in a homogeneous environment containing a single resource. Starting from an isogenic population of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we report rapid adaptive diversification, when propagated in an environment containing melibiose as the carbon source. The diversification is driven due to a public good enzyme α-galactosidase, which hydrolyzes melibiose into glucose and galactose. The diversification is driven by mutations at a single locus, in the GAL3 gene in the S. cerevisiae GAL/MEL regulon. We show that metabolic co-operation involving public resources could be an important mode of generating biological diversity. Our study demonstrates sympatric diversification of yeast starting from an isogenic population and provides detailed mechanistic insights into the factors and conditions responsible for generating and maintaining the population diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Mahilkar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Prachitha Nagendra
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Phaniendra Alugoju
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Rajeshkannan E
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Supreet Saini
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
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15
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An engineered non-oxidative glycolytic bypass based on Calvin-cycle enzymes enables anaerobic co-fermentation of glucose and sorbitol by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS 2022; 15:112. [PMID: 36253796 PMCID: PMC9578259 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-022-02200-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Saccharomyces cerevisiae is intensively used for industrial ethanol production. Its native fermentation pathway enables a maximum product yield of 2 mol of ethanol per mole of glucose. Based on conservation laws, supply of additional electrons could support even higher ethanol yields. However, this option is disallowed by the configuration of the native yeast metabolic network. To explore metabolic engineering strategies for eliminating this constraint, we studied alcoholic fermentation of sorbitol. Sorbitol cannot be fermented anaerobically by S. cerevisiae because its oxidation to pyruvate via glycolysis yields one more NADH than conversion of glucose. To enable re-oxidation of this additional NADH by alcoholic fermentation, sorbitol metabolism was studied in S. cerevisiae strains that functionally express heterologous genes for ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (RuBisCO) and phosphoribulokinase (PRK). Together with the yeast non-oxidative pentose-phosphate pathway, these Calvin-cycle enzymes enable a bypass of the oxidative reaction in yeast glycolysis. RESULTS Consistent with earlier reports, overproduction of the native sorbitol transporter Hxt15 and the NAD+-dependent sorbitol dehydrogenase Sor2 enabled aerobic, but not anaerobic growth of S. cerevisiae on sorbitol. In anaerobic, slow-growing chemostat cultures on glucose-sorbitol mixtures, functional expression of PRK-RuBisCO pathway genes enabled a 12-fold higher rate of sorbitol co-consumption than observed in a sorbitol-consuming reference strain. Consistent with the high Km for CO2 of the bacterial RuBisCO that was introduced in the engineered yeast strains, sorbitol consumption and increased ethanol formation depended on enrichment of the inlet gas with CO2. Prolonged chemostat cultivation on glucose-sorbitol mixtures led to loss of sorbitol co-fermentation. Whole-genome resequencing after prolonged cultivation suggested a trade-off between glucose-utilization and efficient fermentation of sorbitol via the PRK-RuBisCO pathway. CONCLUSIONS Combination of the native sorbitol assimilation pathway of S. cerevisiae and an engineered PRK-RuBisCO pathway enabled RuBisCO-dependent, anaerobic co-fermentation of sorbitol and glucose. This study demonstrates the potential for increasing the flexibility of redox-cofactor metabolism in anaerobic S. cerevisiae cultures and, thereby, to extend substrate range and improve product yields in anaerobic yeast-based processes by enabling entry of additional electrons.
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16
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Yongabi D, Khorshid M, Losada‐Pérez P, Bakhshi Sichani S, Jooken S, Stilman W, Theßeling F, Martens T, Van Thillo T, Verstrepen K, Dedecker P, Vanden Berghe P, Lettinga MP, Bartic C, Lieberzeit P, Schöning MJ, Thoelen R, Fransen M, Wübbenhorst M, Wagner P. Synchronized, Spontaneous, and Oscillatory Detachment of Eukaryotic Cells: A New Tool for Cell Characterization and Identification. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2200459. [PMID: 35780480 PMCID: PMC9403630 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202200459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Despite the importance of cell characterization and identification for diagnostic and therapeutic applications, developing fast and label-free methods without (bio)-chemical markers or surface-engineered receptors remains challenging. Here, we exploit the natural cellular response to mild thermal stimuli and propose a label- and receptor-free method for fast and facile cell characterization. Cell suspensions in a dedicated sensor are exposed to a temperature gradient, which stimulates synchronized and spontaneous cell-detachment with sharply defined time-patterns, a phenomenon unknown from literature. These patterns depend on metabolic activity (controlled through temperature, nutrients, and drugs) and provide a library of cell-type-specific indicators, allowing to distinguish several yeast strains as well as cancer cells. Under specific conditions, synchronized glycolytic-type oscillations are observed during detachment of mammalian and yeast-cell ensembles, providing additional cell-specific signatures. These findings suggest potential applications for cell viability analysis and for assessing the collective response of cancer cells to drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derick Yongabi
- Laboratory for Soft Matter and BiophysicsDepartment of Physics and AstronomyKU LeuvenCelestijnenlaan 200 DLeuvenB‐3001Belgium
| | - Mehran Khorshid
- Laboratory for Soft Matter and BiophysicsDepartment of Physics and AstronomyKU LeuvenCelestijnenlaan 200 DLeuvenB‐3001Belgium
| | - Patricia Losada‐Pérez
- Faculté des SciencesExperimental Soft Matter and Thermal Physics (EST)Université Libre de BruxellesBoulevard du Triomphe ACC.2BrusselsB‐1050Belgium
| | - Soroush Bakhshi Sichani
- Laboratory for Soft Matter and BiophysicsDepartment of Physics and AstronomyKU LeuvenCelestijnenlaan 200 DLeuvenB‐3001Belgium
| | - Stijn Jooken
- Laboratory for Soft Matter and BiophysicsDepartment of Physics and AstronomyKU LeuvenCelestijnenlaan 200 DLeuvenB‐3001Belgium
| | - Wouter Stilman
- Laboratory for Soft Matter and BiophysicsDepartment of Physics and AstronomyKU LeuvenCelestijnenlaan 200 DLeuvenB‐3001Belgium
| | - Florian Theßeling
- Laboratory for Systems BiologyVIB Center for MicrobiologyDepartment of Microbial and Molecular SystemsKU LeuvenGaston Geenslaan 1HeverleeB‐3001Belgium
| | - Tobie Martens
- Laboratory for Enteric Neuroscience (LENS)Department of Chronic Diseases Metabolism and AgeingKU LeuvenHerestraat 49LeuvenB‐3000Belgium
| | - Toon Van Thillo
- BiochemistryMolecular and Structural BiologyKU LeuvenCelestijnenlaan 200 GLeuvenB‐3001Belgium
| | - Kevin Verstrepen
- Laboratory for Systems BiologyVIB Center for MicrobiologyDepartment of Microbial and Molecular SystemsKU LeuvenGaston Geenslaan 1HeverleeB‐3001Belgium
| | - Peter Dedecker
- BiochemistryMolecular and Structural BiologyKU LeuvenCelestijnenlaan 200 GLeuvenB‐3001Belgium
| | - Pieter Vanden Berghe
- Laboratory for Enteric Neuroscience (LENS)Department of Chronic Diseases Metabolism and AgeingKU LeuvenHerestraat 49LeuvenB‐3000Belgium
| | - Minne Paul Lettinga
- Laboratory for Soft Matter and BiophysicsDepartment of Physics and AstronomyKU LeuvenCelestijnenlaan 200 DLeuvenB‐3001Belgium
- Biomacromolecular Systems and Processes (IBI‐4)Research Center Jülich GmbHLeo‐Brandt‐StraßeD‐52425JülichGermany
| | - Carmen Bartic
- Laboratory for Soft Matter and BiophysicsDepartment of Physics and AstronomyKU LeuvenCelestijnenlaan 200 DLeuvenB‐3001Belgium
| | - Peter Lieberzeit
- Faculty of ChemistryDepartment of Physical ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer, Straße 38ViennaA‐1090Austria
| | - Michael J. Schöning
- Institute of Nano‐ and Biotechnologies INBAachen University of Applied SciencesHeinrich‐Mußmann‐Straße 1D‐52428JülichGermany
| | - Ronald Thoelen
- Institute for Materials ResearchHasselt UniversityWetenschapspark 1DiepenbeekB‐3590Belgium
| | - Marc Fransen
- Laboratory of Peroxisome Biology and Intracellular CommunicationDepartment of Cellular and Molecular MedicineKU LeuvenHerestraat 49LeuvenB‐3000Belgium
| | - Michael Wübbenhorst
- Laboratory for Soft Matter and BiophysicsDepartment of Physics and AstronomyKU LeuvenCelestijnenlaan 200 DLeuvenB‐3001Belgium
| | - Patrick Wagner
- Laboratory for Soft Matter and BiophysicsDepartment of Physics and AstronomyKU LeuvenCelestijnenlaan 200 DLeuvenB‐3001Belgium
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Successive Fermentation of Aguamiel and Molasses by Aspergillus oryzae and Saccharomyces cerevisiae to Obtain High Purity Fructooligosaccharides. Foods 2022; 11:foods11121786. [PMID: 35741984 PMCID: PMC9222578 DOI: 10.3390/foods11121786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) are usually synthesized with pure enzymes using highly concentrated sucrose solutions. In this work, low-cost aguamiel and molasses were explored as sucrose alternatives to produce FOS, via whole-cell fermentation, with an Aspergillus oryzae DIA-MF strain. FOS production process was optimized through a central composite experimental design, with two independent variables: initial sucrose concentration in a medium composed of aguamiel and molasses (AgMe), and inoculum concentration. The optimized process—165 g/L initial sucrose in AgMe (adjusted with concentrated molasses) and 1 × 107 spores/mL inoculum concentration—resulted in an FOS production of 119 ± 12 g/L and a yield of 0.64 ± 0.05 g FOS/g GFi. Among the FOSs produced were kestose, nystose, 1-fructofuranosyl-nystose, and potentially a novel trisaccharide produced by this strain. To reduce the content of mono- and disaccharides in the mixture, run a successive fermentation was run with two Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains. Fermentations run with S. cerevisiae S227 improved FOS purity in the mixture from 39 ± 3% to 61.0 ± 0.6% (w/w) after 16 h of fermentation. This study showed that agro-industrial wastes such as molasses with aguamiel are excellent alternatives as substrate sources for the production of prebiotic FOS, resulting in a lower-cost process.
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Silva-Sousa F, Fernandes T, Pereira F, Rodrigues D, Rito T, Camarasa C, Franco-Duarte R, Sousa MJ. Torulaspora delbrueckii Phenotypic and Metabolic Profiling towards Its Biotechnological Exploitation. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8060569. [PMID: 35736052 PMCID: PMC9225199 DOI: 10.3390/jof8060569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Wine is a particularly complex beverage resulting from the combination of several factors, with yeasts being highlighted due to their fundamental role in its development. For many years, non-Saccharomyces yeasts were believed to be sources of spoilage and contamination, but this idea was challenged, and many of these yeasts are starting to be explored for their beneficial input to wine character. Among this group, Torulaspora delbrueckii is gaining relevance within the wine industry, owing to its low volatile acidity production, increased release of aromatic compounds and enhanced color intensity. In addition, this yeast was also attracting interest in other biotechnological areas, such as bread and beer fermentation. In this work, a set of 40 T. delbrueckii strains, of varied geographical and technological origins, was gathered in order to characterize the phenotypic behavior of this species, focusing on different parameters of biotechnological interest. The fermentative performance of the strains was also evaluated through individual fermentations in synthetic grape must with the isolates’ metabolic profile being assessed by HPLC. Data analysis revealed that T. delbrueckii growth is significantly affected by high temperature (37 °C) and ethanol concentrations (up to 18%), alongside 1.5 mM SO2, showing variable fermentative power and yields. Our computation models suggest that the technological origin of the strains seems to prevail over the geographical origin as regards the influence on yeast properties. The inter-strain variability and profile of the products through the fermentative processes reinforce the potential of T. delbrueckii from a biotechnological point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia Silva-Sousa
- CBMA (Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology), Department of Biology, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (F.S.-S.); (T.F.); (F.P.); (D.R.); (T.R.)
- Institute of Science and Innovation for Bio-Sustainability (IB-S), University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Ticiana Fernandes
- CBMA (Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology), Department of Biology, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (F.S.-S.); (T.F.); (F.P.); (D.R.); (T.R.)
- Institute of Science and Innovation for Bio-Sustainability (IB-S), University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Fábio Pereira
- CBMA (Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology), Department of Biology, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (F.S.-S.); (T.F.); (F.P.); (D.R.); (T.R.)
- Institute of Science and Innovation for Bio-Sustainability (IB-S), University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Diana Rodrigues
- CBMA (Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology), Department of Biology, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (F.S.-S.); (T.F.); (F.P.); (D.R.); (T.R.)
- Institute of Science and Innovation for Bio-Sustainability (IB-S), University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Teresa Rito
- CBMA (Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology), Department of Biology, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (F.S.-S.); (T.F.); (F.P.); (D.R.); (T.R.)
- Institute of Science and Innovation for Bio-Sustainability (IB-S), University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Carole Camarasa
- SPO, University Montpellier, INRAE, Institut Agro, 34060 Montpellier, France;
| | - Ricardo Franco-Duarte
- CBMA (Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology), Department of Biology, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (F.S.-S.); (T.F.); (F.P.); (D.R.); (T.R.)
- Institute of Science and Innovation for Bio-Sustainability (IB-S), University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Correspondence: (R.F.-D.); (M.J.S.)
| | - Maria João Sousa
- CBMA (Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology), Department of Biology, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (F.S.-S.); (T.F.); (F.P.); (D.R.); (T.R.)
- Institute of Science and Innovation for Bio-Sustainability (IB-S), University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Correspondence: (R.F.-D.); (M.J.S.)
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19
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Abstract
Yeast species in the Wickerhamiella and Starmerella genera (W/S clade) thrive in the sugar-rich floral niche. We have previously shown that species belonging to this clade harbor an unparalleled number of genes of bacterial origin, among which is the SUC2 gene, encoding a sucrose-hydrolyzing enzyme. In this study, we used complementary in silico and experimental approaches to examine sucrose utilization in a broader cohort of species representing extant diversity in the W/S clade. Distinct strategies and modes of sucrose assimilation were unveiled, involving either extracellular sucrose hydrolysis through secreted bacterial Suc2 or intracellular assimilation using broad-substrate-range α-glucoside/H+ symporters and α-glucosidases. The intracellular pathway is encoded in two types of gene clusters reminiscent of the MAL clusters in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, where they are involved in maltose utilization. The genes composing each of the two types of MAL clusters found in the W/S clade have disparate evolutionary histories, suggesting that they formed de novo. Both transporters and glucosidases were shown to be functional and additionally involved in the metabolization of other disaccharides, such as maltose and melezitose. In one Wickerhamiella species lacking the α-glucoside transporter, maltose assimilation is accomplished extracellularly, an attribute which has been rarely observed in fungi. Sucrose assimilation in Wickerhamiella generally escaped both glucose repression and the need for an activator and is thus essentially constitutive, which is consistent with the abundance of both glucose and sucrose in the floral niche. The notable plasticity associated with disaccharide utilization in the W/S clade is discussed in the context of ecological implications and energy metabolism. IMPORTANCE Microbes usually have flexible metabolic capabilities and are able to use different compounds to meet their needs. The yeasts belonging to the Wickerhamiella and Starmerella genera (forming the so-called W/S clade) are usually found in flowers or insects that visit flowers and are known for having acquired many genes from bacteria by a process called horizontal gene transfer. One such gene, dubbed SUC2, is used to assimilate sucrose, which is one of the most abundant sugars in floral nectar. Here, we show that different lineages within the W/S clade used different solutions for sucrose utilization that dispensed SUC2 and differed in their energy requirements, in their capacity to scavenge small amounts of sucrose from the environment, and in the potential for sharing this resource with other microbial species. We posit that this plasticity is possibly dictated by adaptation to the specific requirements of each species.
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20
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Coinoculation of lactic acid bacteria and yeasts increases the quality of wet fermented Arabica coffee. Int J Food Microbiol 2022; 369:109627. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2022.109627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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21
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Kasemsumran S, Boondaeng A, Ngowsuwan K, Jungtheerapanich S, Apiwatanapiwat W, Janchai P, Meelaksana J, Vaithanomsat P. Simultaneous Monitoring of the Evolution of Chemical Parameters in the Fermentation Process of Pineapple Fruit Wine Using the Liquid Probe for Near-Infrared Coupled with Chemometrics. Foods 2022; 11:foods11030377. [PMID: 35159527 PMCID: PMC8834468 DOI: 10.3390/foods11030377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study used Fourier transform-near-infrared (FT-NIR) spectroscopy equipped with the liquid probe in combination with an efficient wavelength selection method named searching combination moving window partial least squares (SCMWPLS) for the determination of ethanol, total soluble solids, total acidity, and total volatile acid contents in pineapple fruit wine fermentation using Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. burgundy. Two fermentation batches were produced, and the NIR spectral data of the calibration samples in the wavenumber range of 11,536–3952 cm−1 were obtained over ten days of the fermentation period. SCMWPLS coupled with second derivatives searched and optimized spectral intervals containing useful information for building calibration models of four parameters. All models were validated by test samples obtained from an independent fermentation batch. The SCMWPLS models showed better predictions (the lowest value of prediction error and the highest value of residual predictive deviation) with acceptable statistical results (under confidence limits) among the results achieved by using the whole region. The results of this study demonstrated that FT-NIR spectroscopy using a liquid probe coupled with SCMWPLS could select the optimized wavelength regions while reducing spectral points and increasing accuracy for simultaneously monitoring the evolution of four chemical parameters in pineapple fruit wine fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumaporn Kasemsumran
- Laboratory of Non-Destructive Quality Evaluation of Commodities, Kasetsart Agricultural and Agro-Industrial Product Improvement Institute (KAPI), Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (K.N.); (S.J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-02-942-8600
| | - Antika Boondaeng
- Laboratory of Enzyme and Microbiology, KAPI, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (A.B.); (W.A.); (P.J.); (J.M.); (P.V.)
| | - Kraireuk Ngowsuwan
- Laboratory of Non-Destructive Quality Evaluation of Commodities, Kasetsart Agricultural and Agro-Industrial Product Improvement Institute (KAPI), Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (K.N.); (S.J.)
| | - Sunee Jungtheerapanich
- Laboratory of Non-Destructive Quality Evaluation of Commodities, Kasetsart Agricultural and Agro-Industrial Product Improvement Institute (KAPI), Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (K.N.); (S.J.)
| | - Waraporn Apiwatanapiwat
- Laboratory of Enzyme and Microbiology, KAPI, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (A.B.); (W.A.); (P.J.); (J.M.); (P.V.)
| | - Phornphimon Janchai
- Laboratory of Enzyme and Microbiology, KAPI, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (A.B.); (W.A.); (P.J.); (J.M.); (P.V.)
| | - Jiraporn Meelaksana
- Laboratory of Enzyme and Microbiology, KAPI, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (A.B.); (W.A.); (P.J.); (J.M.); (P.V.)
| | - Pilanee Vaithanomsat
- Laboratory of Enzyme and Microbiology, KAPI, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (A.B.); (W.A.); (P.J.); (J.M.); (P.V.)
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22
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Lee D, Park SD, Jun SJ, Park JT, Chang PS, Yoo SH. Differentiated structure of synthetic glycogen-like particle by the combined action of glycogen branching enzymes and amylosucrase. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 195:152-162. [PMID: 34856217 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.11.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Glycogen-like particles (GLPs) were built up from sucrose by applying de novo one-pot enzymatic process of amylosucrase (ASase; 6 U·mL-1) and glycogen branching enzymes (GBEs; 0.001 and 0.005 U·mL-1). Due to different chain-length transferring patterns of GBEs, structurally differentiated GLPs were synthesized. Yields of GLPs synthesized at pH 7.0 and 30 °C were improved by increasing the GBE/ASase ratio. Branching degrees of GLPs obviously was increased along with the ratio of GBEs, of which result was directly supported by shortened branch-chain length with greater GBE activity. Long branch chains seemed to play as efficient acceptor molecules to bind newly transferred branch chains especially at lower ratio of GBE/ASase, resulting in greater molecular weight and size of GLP with higher proportion of them. Molecular weight, size, and density of GLPs were ranged from 7.37 × 105 to 1.94 × 108 g·mol-1, from 23.70 to 52.65 nm, and from 7.99 to 374.32 g·mol-1·nm-3, respectively. By increasing GBE/ASase ratio, more compact GLP architecture was fabricated due to increased weight and reduced size with exception of a unique GBE. GLPs were efficiently synthesized by two different glycosyltransferases, and their chemical structures were controllable by source and ratio of GBEs due to their different branch-chain transferring specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daeyeon Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Carbohydrate Bioproduct Research Center, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Dong Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Carbohydrate Bioproduct Research Center, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Jin Jun
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Carbohydrate Bioproduct Research Center, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Tae Park
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Pahn-Shick Chang
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Agricultural Microorganism and Enzyme, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang-Ho Yoo
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Carbohydrate Bioproduct Research Center, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea.
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23
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Lao-Martil D, Verhagen KJA, Schmitz JPJ, Teusink B, Wahl SA, van Riel NAW. Kinetic Modeling of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Central Carbon Metabolism: Achievements, Limitations, and Opportunities. Metabolites 2022; 12:74. [PMID: 35050196 PMCID: PMC8779790 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12010074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Central carbon metabolism comprises the metabolic pathways in the cell that process nutrients into energy, building blocks and byproducts. To unravel the regulation of this network upon glucose perturbation, several metabolic models have been developed for the microorganism Saccharomyces cerevisiae. These dynamic representations have focused on glycolysis and answered multiple research questions, but no commonly applicable model has been presented. This review systematically evaluates the literature to describe the current advances, limitations, and opportunities. Different kinetic models have unraveled key kinetic glycolytic mechanisms. Nevertheless, some uncertainties regarding model topology and parameter values still limit the application to specific cases. Progressive improvements in experimental measurement technologies as well as advances in computational tools create new opportunities to further extend the model scale. Notably, models need to be made more complex to consider the multiple layers of glycolytic regulation and external physiological variables regulating the bioprocess, opening new possibilities for extrapolation and validation. Finally, the onset of new data representative of individual cells will cause these models to evolve from depicting an average cell in an industrial fermenter, to characterizing the heterogeneity of the population, opening new and unseen possibilities for industrial fermentation improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Lao-Martil
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Groene Loper 5, 5612 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands;
| | - Koen J. A. Verhagen
- Lehrstuhl für Bioverfahrenstechnik, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91052 Erlangen, Germany; (K.J.A.V.); (S.A.W.)
| | - Joep P. J. Schmitz
- DSM Biotechnology Center, Alexander Fleminglaan 1, 2613 AX Delft, The Netherlands;
| | - Bas Teusink
- Systems Biology Lab, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - S. Aljoscha Wahl
- Lehrstuhl für Bioverfahrenstechnik, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91052 Erlangen, Germany; (K.J.A.V.); (S.A.W.)
| | - Natal A. W. van Riel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Groene Loper 5, 5612 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands;
- Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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24
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Shahina Z, Bhat SV, Ndlovu E, Sultana T, Körnig A, Dague É, Dahms TES. Cellulomics of Live Yeast by Advanced and Correlative Microscopy. Fungal Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-83749-5_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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25
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Mathematical Modelling of Bioethanol Production from Raw Sugar Beet Cossettes in a Horizontal Rotating Tubular Bioreactor. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Alternative to the use of fossil fuels are biofuels (e.g., bioethanol, biodiesel and biogas), which are more environmentally friendly and which can be produced from different renewable resources. In this investigation, bioethanol production from raw sugar beet cossettes (semi-solid substrate) by yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae in a horizontal rotating tubular bioreactor (HRTB) was studied. Obtained results show that HRTB rotation mode (constant or interval) and rotation speed have considerable impact on the efficiency of bioethanol production in the HRTB. The main goal of this research was to develop a non-structural mathematical model of bioethanol production from raw sugar beet cossettes in the HRTB. The established mathematical model of bioethanol production in the HRTB describes substrate utilization and product formation (glycerol, ethanol and acetate) and presumes negative impact of high substrate concentration on the working microorganism (substrate inhibition) by using Andrews inhibition kinetics. All simulations of bioethanol production in the HRTB were performed by using Berkeley Madonna software, version 8.3.14 (Berkeley Madonna, Berkeley, CA, USA). The established non-structural bioprocess model describes relatively well the bioethanol production from raw sugar beet cossettes in the HRTB.
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26
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Mao Y, Chen Z, Ren Y, Sun Y, Wang Y. Whole-Cell Biocatalyst for Rubusoside Production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:13155-13163. [PMID: 34699718 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c04873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Rubusoside (Rub) is a highly sweet diterpene glycoside mainly isolated from the leaves of Rubus suavissimus (Rosaceae). It has been used as a low-calorie natural sweetener for decades and was recently found to be a potential drug lead. In this study, we designed a whole-cell biocatalyst to achieve the glycosylation of steviol to Rub in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The sucrose synthases were applied to construct a uridine diphosphate glucose regeneration system, which were coupled with optimal combinations of different uridine diphosphate (UDP) glycosyltransferases from multiple plant species. After optimization of reaction conditions, the residues in SrUGT74G1 probably influencing glycosylation efficiency were subjected to site-directed mutagenesis. Double mutations of S84A/E87A reduced the accumulation of intermediates, finally glucosylating 1.27 g/L steviol to 0.45 ± 0.06 g/L steviolmonoside (conversion rate = 23.3%) and 1.92 ± 0.17 g/L Rub (conversion rate = 74.9%). A high efficiency of Rub biosynthesis could be achieved without supply of additional UDPG. This work provided the first example of multi-step glycosylation reactions in whole-cell biocatalysis, which laid a foundation of scalable production of the value-added diterpene sweetener in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Mao
- East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yuhong Ren
- East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yuwei Sun
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yong Wang
- East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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27
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Pereira IDO, Dos Santos ÂA, Gonçalves DL, Purificação M, Guimarães NC, Tramontina R, Coutouné N, Zanella E, Matsushika A, Stambuk BU, Ienczak JL. Comparison of Spathaspora passalidarum and recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae for integration of first- and second-generation ethanol production. FEMS Yeast Res 2021; 21:6363686. [PMID: 34477865 DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/foab048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
First-generation ethanol (E1G) is based on the fermentation of sugars released from saccharine or starch sources, while second-generation ethanol (E2G) is focused on the fermentation of sugars released from lignocellulosic feedstocks. During the fractionation process to release sugars from hemicelluloses (mainly xylose), some inhibitor compounds are released hindering fermentation. Thus, the biggest challenge of using hemicellulosic hydrolysate is selecting strains and processes able to efficiently ferment xylose and tolerate inhibitors. With the aim of diluting inhibitors, sugarcane molasses (80% of sucrose content) can be mixed to hemicellulosic hydrolysate in an integrated E1G-E2G process. Cofermentations of xylose and sucrose were evaluated for the native xylose consumer Spathaspora passalidarum and a recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain. The industrial S. cerevisiae strain CAT-1 was modified to overexpress the XYL1, XYL2 and XKS1 genes and a mutant ([4-59Δ]HXT1) version of the low-affinity HXT1 permease, generating strain MP-C5H1. Although S. passalidarum showed better results for xylose fermentation, this yeast showed intracellular sucrose hydrolysis and low sucrose consumption in microaerobic conditions. Recombinant S. cerevisiae showed the best performance for cofermentation, and a batch strategy at high cell density in bioreactor achieved unprecedented results of ethanol yield, titer and volumetric productivity in E1G-E2G production process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabela de Oliveira Pereira
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Ângela Alves Dos Santos
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Davi L Gonçalves
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Marcela Purificação
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Nick Candiotto Guimarães
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Robson Tramontina
- Graduate Program in Biosciences and Technology of Bioactive Products, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP 13083-852, Brazil.,Brazilian Biorenewable Laboratory, National Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, SP 13083-100, Brazil
| | - Natalia Coutouné
- Brazilian Biorenewable Laboratory, National Center for Research in Energy and Materials, Campinas, SP 13083-100, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP 13083-852, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Zanella
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Akinori Matsushika
- Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan.,Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8530, Japan
| | - Boris U Stambuk
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Jaciane Lutz Ienczak
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC 88040-900, Brazil
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28
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Simbaña J, Portero-Barahona P, Carvajal Barriga EJ. Wild Ecuadorian Saccharomyces cerevisiae Strains and Their Potential in the Malt-Based Beverages Industry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF BREWING CHEMISTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/03610470.2021.1945366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Simbaña
- Neotropical Center for Biomass Research, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, The Catholic University Yeasts Collection-Quito, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Patricia Portero-Barahona
- Neotropical Center for Biomass Research, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, The Catholic University Yeasts Collection-Quito, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Enrique Javier Carvajal Barriga
- Neotropical Center for Biomass Research, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, The Catholic University Yeasts Collection-Quito, Quito, Ecuador
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29
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High Foam Phenotypic Diversity and Variability in Flocculant Gene Observed for Various Yeast Cell Surfaces Present as Industrial Contaminants. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation7030127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Many contaminant yeast strains that survive inside fuel ethanol industrial vats show detrimental cell surface phenotypes. These harmful effects may include filamentation, invasive growth, flocculation, biofilm formation, and excessive foam production. Previous studies have linked some of these phenotypes to the expression of FLO genes, and the presence of gene length polymorphisms causing the expansion of FLO gene size appears to result in stronger flocculation and biofilm formation phenotypes. We performed here a molecular analysis of FLO1 and FLO11 gene polymorphisms present in contaminant strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae from Brazilian fuel ethanol distilleries showing vigorous foaming phenotypes during fermentation. The size variability of these genes was correlated with cellular hydrophobicity, flocculation, and highly foaming phenotypes in these yeast strains. Our results also showed that deleting the primary activator of FLO genes (the FLO8 gene) from the genome of a contaminant and highly foaming industrial strain avoids complex foam formation, flocculation, invasive growth, and biofilm production by the engineered (flo8∆::BleR/flo8Δ::kanMX) yeast strain. Thus, the characterization of highly foaming yeasts and the influence of FLO8 in this phenotype open new perspectives for yeast strain engineering and optimization in the sugarcane fuel-ethanol industry.
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30
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Optimization of Yeast, Sugar and Nutrient Concentrations for High Ethanol Production Rate Using Industrial Sugar Beet Molasses and Response Surface Methodology. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation7020086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Among the various agro-industrial by-products, sugar beet molasses produced by sugar refineries appear as a potential feedstock for ethanol production through yeast fermentation. A response surface methodology (RSM) was developed to better understand the effect of three process parameters (concentration of nutrient, yeast and initial sugar) on the ethanol productivity using diluted sugar beet molasses and Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast. The first set of experiments performed at lab-scale indicated that the addition of 4 g/L of nutrient combined with a minimum of 0.2 g/L of yeast as well as a sugar concentration lower than 225 g/L was required to achieve high ethanol productivities (>15 g/L/d). The optimization allowed to considerably reduce the amount of yeast initially introduced in the fermentation substrate while still maximizing both ethanol productivity and yield process responses. Finally, scale-up assays were carried out in 7.5 and 100 L bioreactors using the optimal conditions: 150 g/L of initial sugar concentration, 0.27 g/L of yeast and 4 g/L of nutrient. Within 48 h of incubation, up to 65 g/L of ethanol were produced for both scales, corresponding to an average ethanol yield and sugar utilization rate of 82% and 85%, respectively. The results obtained in this study highlight the use of sugar beet molasses as a low-cost food residue for the sustainable production of bioethanol.
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31
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Elucidation of native California Agave americana and Agave deserti biofuel potential: Compositional analysis. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252201. [PMID: 34043690 PMCID: PMC8158902 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Because biofuels have the unique potential to be rapidly deployed in existing transportation fuel infrastructures, they should play a major role in helping California quickly meet its aggressive goals to substantially reduce greenhouse gas contributions by this major sector. Furthermore, energy crops are vital to significantly impact the State’s large and burgeoning need for sustainable fuels. Among crops amenable to be grown in California to support fuel production, agave pose a particularly promising prospect, given their drought tolerance and high productivity on marginal land in a State prone to drought and limited water resources. This study focuses on measuring compositional profiles of wild A. deserti and cultivated A. americana, two agaves native to California, to elucidate their potential for biological conversion to fuels that can help meet the huge State need for low-carbon transportation. Results from this study indicate that these two California agave species can be rich in fructans, ranging from 96–314 g/L of equivalent fructose and glucose in their leaf bases. In addition, structural and water-soluble sugar contents exceeding 63 wt.% show that these plants are amenable to fermentation to ethanol and other biofuels. Moreover, because the low K-lignin content of agave leaf bases bagasse of only about 12–18 wt.% suggests low recalcitrance and the negligible acid insoluble ash content should facilitate pretreatment prior to fermentations, the agave species native to the State hold considerable promise as potential biofuel feedstocks.
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32
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Rodrigues CIS, Wahl A, Gombert AK. Aerobic growth physiology of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on sucrose is strain-dependent. FEMS Yeast Res 2021; 21:6214418. [PMID: 33826723 DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/foab021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Present knowledge on the quantitative aerobic physiology of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae during growth on sucrose as sole carbon and energy source is limited to either adapted cells or to the model laboratory strain CEN.PK113-7D. To broaden our understanding of this matter and open novel opportunities for sucrose-based biotechnological processes, we characterized three strains, with distinct backgrounds, during aerobic batch bioreactor cultivations. Our results reveal that sucrose metabolism in S. cerevisiae is a strain-specific trait. Each strain displayed distinct extracellular hexose concentrations and invertase activity profiles. Especially, the inferior maximum specific growth rate (0.21 h-1) of the CEN.PK113-7D strain, with respect to that of strains UFMG-CM-Y259 (0.37 h-1) and JP1 (0.32 h-1), could be associated to its low invertase activity (0.04-0.09 U/mgDM). Moreover, comparative experiments with glucose or fructose alone, or in combination, suggest mixed mechanisms of sucrose utilization by the industrial strain JP1, and points out the remarkable ability of the wild isolate UFMG-CM-259 to grow faster on sucrose than on glucose in a well-controlled cultivation system. This work hints to a series of metabolic traits that can be exploited to increase sucrose catabolic rates and bioprocess efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Inês Soares Rodrigues
- School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato 80, 13083-862, Campinas, SP, Brazil.,Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Aljoscha Wahl
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Andreas K Gombert
- School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato 80, 13083-862, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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33
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Laurent J, Aerts A, Gordon J, Gupta P, Voet ARD, Verstrepen KJ, Courtin CM. Small Differences in SUC Gene Sequences Impact Saccharomyces cerevisiae Invertase Activity and Specificity toward Fructans with Different Chain Lengths. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:1925-1935. [PMID: 33533594 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c07015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae)invertase is encoded by a family of closely related SUC genes. To identify and understand the molecular basis for differences in substrate specificity, we examined 29 SUC alleles from industrialS. cerevisiaestrains and cloned alleles with small sequence differences into an invertase-negative strain. Our study showed that an F102Y substitution in Suc-enzymes lowers yeast invertase activity toward fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) by 36% and the specificity factor by 43%. By contrast, an A409P substitution in Suc-enzymes resulted in an increased capacity of the yeast to hydrolyze FOS and Fibruline by 17 and 41%, respectively, likely because of a change in the loop conformation resulting in a wider active site. Bread dough fermentation experiments revealed that sucrose and fructan hydrolysis during fermentation is influenced by this natural variation in SUC sequences. Our research thus opens the door for the selection or engineering of yeasts and Suc-enzymes with specific activities that may ultimately allow controlling fructan hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitka Laurent
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anouk Aerts
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jonathan Gordon
- VIB-KU Leuven Laboratory for Systems Biology & CMPG Laboratory for Genetics and Genomics, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S) and VIB-KU Leuven Center for Microbiology, Bio-Incubator Leuven, Gaston Geenslaan 1, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Purvi Gupta
- Laboratory for Biomolecular Modelling and Design, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200G, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Arnout R D Voet
- Laboratory for Biomolecular Modelling and Design, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200G, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kevin J Verstrepen
- VIB-KU Leuven Laboratory for Systems Biology & CMPG Laboratory for Genetics and Genomics, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S) and VIB-KU Leuven Center for Microbiology, Bio-Incubator Leuven, Gaston Geenslaan 1, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christophe M Courtin
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre (LFoRCe), Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
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Zhang LB, Qiu TT, Huang ZH, Ye XY, Guan Y. Transcriptomic analysis of Sur7-mediated response of Beauveria bassiana to different nutritional conditions. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2021; 368:6123717. [PMID: 33512422 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnab003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrity of the cell wall is requisite for fungal growth and function. Sur7 governs cell wall composition, and affects conidial sporulation and germination in Beauveria bassiana, a filamentous entomopathogenic fungus. The role of Sur7 in fungal growth on various nutrients remains unclear. We have previously reported that Sur7 deletion results in the attenuation of B. bassiana growth on supplemented Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDAY) and minimal Czapek-Dox agar (CDA) compared to wild type (WT). Here, we used transcriptomic analysis to compare WT and Sur7 mutant (ΔSur7) responses to CDA and SDAY. Growth on CDA, compared with that on SDAY, affected the expression of more genes in the WT than in the mutant. Differentially expressed genes were enriched for transportation process terms in the ΔSur7 mutant and metabolic process terms in the WT. Different processes were repressed in the ΔSur7 (metabolic process) and WT (ribosome synthesis) cells. Despite the shared enrichment of nitrogen metabolism genes, differentially expressed genes were enriched in distinct saccharide-energy metabolism terms in each strain. We conclude that Sur7 ensures the growth of B. bassiana in a minimal medium by influencing the expression of genes involved in the consumption of sucrose via specific energy metabolism pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long-Bin Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Enzyme Engineering, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350116, China
| | - Ting-Ting Qiu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Enzyme Engineering, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350116, China
| | - Zhi-Hong Huang
- Chemical Engineering Istitute, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361021, China
| | - Xiu-Yun Ye
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Enzyme Engineering, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350116, China
| | - Yi Guan
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Enzyme Engineering, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350116, China
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Moguel IS, Yamakawa CK, Pessoa A, Mussatto SI. L-asparaginase Production by Leucosporidium scottii in a Bench-Scale Bioreactor With Co-production of Lipids. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:576511. [PMID: 33392162 PMCID: PMC7773903 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.576511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
L-asparaginase (ASNase) is a therapeutical enzyme used for treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. ASNase products available in the market are produced by bacteria and usually present allergic response and important toxicity effects to the patients. Production of ASNase by yeasts could be an alternative to overcome these problems since yeasts have better compatibility with the human system. Recently, it was found that Leucosporidium scottii, a psychrotolerant yeast, produces ASNase. In order to advance the production of ASNase by this yeast, the present study aimed to select suitable process conditions able to maximize the production of this enzyme in a bench-scale bioreactor. Additionally, the accumulation of lipids during the enzyme production process was also determined and quantified. Experiments were carried out with the aim of selecting the most appropriate conditions of initial cell concentration (1.0, 3.5, and 5.6 g L–1), carbon source (sucrose and glycerol, individually or in mixture) and oxygen transfer rate (kLa in the range of 1.42–123 h–1) to be used on the production of ASNase by this yeast. Results revealed that the enzyme production increased when using an initial cell concentration of 5.6 g L–1, mixture of sucrose and glycerol as carbon source, and kLa of 91.72 h–1. Under these conditions, the enzyme productivity was maximized, reaching 35.11 U L–1 h–1, which is already suitable for the development of scale-up studies. Additionally, accumulation of lipids was observed in all the cultivations, corresponding to 2–7 g L–1 (32–40% of the cell dry mass), with oleic acid (C18:1) being the predominant compound (50.15%). Since the L-asparaginase biopharmaceuticals on the market are highly priced, the co-production of lipids as a secondary high-value product during the ASNase production, as observed in the present study, is an interesting finding that opens up perspectives to increase the economic feasibility of the enzyme production process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio S Moguel
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.,Department of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Celina K Yamakawa
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Adalberto Pessoa
- Department of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Solange I Mussatto
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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Hybrid neural network modeling and particle swarm optimization for improved ethanol production from cashew apple juice. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2020; 44:329-342. [PMID: 32995977 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-020-02445-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A hybrid neural model (HNM) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) was used to optimize ethanol production by a flocculating yeast, grown on cashew apple juice. HNM was obtained by combining artificial neural network (ANN), which predicted reaction specific rates, to mass balance equations for substrate (S), product and biomass (X) concentration, being an alternative method for predicting the behavior of complex systems. ANNs training was conducted using an experimental set of data of X and S, temperature and stirring speed. The HNM was statistically validated against a new dataset, being capable of representing the system behavior. The model was optimized based on a multiobjective function relating efficiency and productivity by applying the PSO. Optimal estimated conditions were: S0 = 127 g L-1, X0 = 5.8 g L-1, 35 °C and 111 rpm. In this condition, an efficiency of 91.5% with a productivity of 8.0 g L-1 h-1 was obtained at approximately 7 h of fermentation.
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Nascimento VM, Antoniolli GTU, Leite RSR, Fonseca GG. Effects of the carbon source on the physiology and invertase activity of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae FT858. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:348. [PMID: 32728515 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02335-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Saccharomyces cerevisiae FT858 is an industrial yeast strain with high fermentative efficiency, but marginally studied so far. The aim of this work was to evaluate the biotechnological potential of S. cerevisiae FT858 through kinetic growth parameters, and the influence of the concentration of the substrate on the synthesis of the invertase enzyme. Invertases have a high biotechnological potential and their production through yeast is strongly influenced by the sugars in the medium. S. cerevisiae FT858 has an excellent biotechnological potential compared to the industrial yeast reference S. cerevisiae CAT-1, as it presented a low glycerol yield on the substrate (Y GLY/S) and a 10% increase in ethanol yield on sucrose in cultures with sucrose at 37 °C. The substrate concentration directly interfered in invertase production and the enzymatic expression underwent strong regulation through glucose concentration in the culture medium and S. cerevisiae CAT-1 presented constitutive behavior for the invertase enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valkirea Matos Nascimento
- Laboratory of Bioengineering, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, CEP 79.804-970 Brazil
| | - Gabriela Totino Ulian Antoniolli
- Laboratory of Enzymology and Fermentative Processes, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, CEP 79.804-970 Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Simões Ribeiro Leite
- Laboratory of Enzymology and Fermentative Processes, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, CEP 79.804-970 Brazil
| | - Gustavo Graciano Fonseca
- Laboratory of Bioengineering, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, CEP 79.804-970 Brazil
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Tran T, Grandvalet C, Verdier F, Martin A, Alexandre H, Tourdot-Maréchal R. Microbial Dynamics between Yeasts and Acetic Acid Bacteria in Kombucha: Impacts on the Chemical Composition of the Beverage. Foods 2020; 9:E963. [PMID: 32708248 PMCID: PMC7404802 DOI: 10.3390/foods9070963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Kombucha is a traditional low-alcoholic beverage made from sugared tea and transformed by a complex microbial consortium including yeasts and acetic acid bacteria (AAB). To study the microbial interactions and their impact on the chemical composition of the beverage, an experimental design with nine couples associating one yeast strain and one AAB strain isolated from original black tea kombucha was set up. Three yeast strains belonging to the genera Brettanomyces, Hanseniaspora, and Saccharomyces and three strains of Acetobacter and Komagataeibacter species were chosen. Monocultures in sugared tea were analyzed to determine their individual microbial behaviors. Then, cultivation of the original kombucha consortium and cocultures in sugared tea were compared to determine the interactive microbial effects during successive phases in open and closed incubation conditions. The results highlight the main impact of yeast metabolism on the product's chemical composition and the secondary impact of bacterial species on the composition in organic acids. The uncovered microbial interactions can be explained by different strategies for the utilization of sucrose. Yeasts and AAB unable to perform efficient sucrose hydrolysis rely on yeasts with high invertase activity to access released monosaccharides. Moreover, the presence of AAB rerouted the metabolism of Saccharomyces cerevisiae towards higher invertase and fermentative activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Tran
- UMR Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté/AgroSup Dijon, Equipe Vin Alimentation Micro-organismes Stress (VAlMiS) Institut Universitaire de la Vigne et du Vin Jules Guyot, 2 rue Claude Ladrey, BP 27877, 21000/26, bd Docteur Petitjean, BP 87999, 21079 Dijon, France; (C.G.); (H.A.); (R.T.-M.)
| | - Cosette Grandvalet
- UMR Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté/AgroSup Dijon, Equipe Vin Alimentation Micro-organismes Stress (VAlMiS) Institut Universitaire de la Vigne et du Vin Jules Guyot, 2 rue Claude Ladrey, BP 27877, 21000/26, bd Docteur Petitjean, BP 87999, 21079 Dijon, France; (C.G.); (H.A.); (R.T.-M.)
| | | | - Antoine Martin
- Biomère, 14 rue Audubon, 75120 Paris, France; (F.V.); (A.M.)
| | - Hervé Alexandre
- UMR Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté/AgroSup Dijon, Equipe Vin Alimentation Micro-organismes Stress (VAlMiS) Institut Universitaire de la Vigne et du Vin Jules Guyot, 2 rue Claude Ladrey, BP 27877, 21000/26, bd Docteur Petitjean, BP 87999, 21079 Dijon, France; (C.G.); (H.A.); (R.T.-M.)
| | - Raphaëlle Tourdot-Maréchal
- UMR Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté/AgroSup Dijon, Equipe Vin Alimentation Micro-organismes Stress (VAlMiS) Institut Universitaire de la Vigne et du Vin Jules Guyot, 2 rue Claude Ladrey, BP 27877, 21000/26, bd Docteur Petitjean, BP 87999, 21079 Dijon, France; (C.G.); (H.A.); (R.T.-M.)
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Transcriptional regulatory proteins in central carbon metabolism of Pichia pastoris and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:7273-7311. [PMID: 32651601 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10680-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
System-wide interactions in living cells and discovery of the diverse roles of transcriptional regulatory proteins that are mediator proteins with catalytic domains and regulatory subunits and transcription factors in the cellular pathways have become crucial for understanding the cellular response to environmental conditions. This review provides information for future metabolic engineering strategies through analyses on the highly interconnected regulatory networks in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia pastoris and identifying their components. We discuss the current knowledge on the carbon catabolite repression (CCR) mechanism, interconnecting regulatory system of the central metabolic pathways that regulate cell metabolism based on nutrient availability in the industrial yeasts. The regulatory proteins and their functions in the CCR signalling pathways in both yeasts are presented and discussed. We highlight the importance of metabolic signalling networks by signifying ways on how effective engineering strategies can be designed for generating novel regulatory circuits, furthermore to activate pathways that reconfigure the network architecture. We summarize the evidence that engineering of multilayer regulation is needed for directed evolution of the cellular network by putting the transcriptional control into a new perspective for the regulation of central carbon metabolism of the industrial yeasts; furthermore, we suggest research directions that may help to enhance production of recombinant products in the widely used, creatively engineered, but relatively less studied P. pastoris through de novo metabolic engineering strategies based on the discovery of components of signalling pathways in CCR metabolism. KEY POINTS: • Transcriptional regulation and control is the key phenomenon in the cellular processes. • Designing de novo metabolic engineering strategies depends on the discovery of signalling pathways in CCR metabolism. • Crosstalk between pathways occurs through essential parts of transcriptional machinery connected to specific catalytic domains. • In S. cerevisiae, a major part of CCR metabolism is controlled through Snf1 kinase, Glc7 phosphatase, and Srb10 kinase. • In P. pastoris, signalling pathways in CCR metabolism have not yet been clearly known yet. • Cellular regulations on the transcription of promoters are controlled with carbon sources.
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Evaluation of the Fermentative Capacity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae CAT-1 and BB9 Strains and Pichia kudriavzevii BB2 at Simulated Industrial Conditions. Indian J Microbiol 2020; 60:494-504. [PMID: 33087999 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-020-00891-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The search for promising yeasts that surpass the fermentative capacity of commercial strains, such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae CAT-1, is of great importance for industrial ethanol processes in the world. Two yeasts, Pichia kudriavzevii BB2 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae BB9, were evaluated in comparison to the industrial yeast S. cerevisiae CAT-1. The objective was to evaluate the performance profile of the three studied strains in terms of growth, substrate consumption, and metabolite formation, aiming to determine their behaviour in different media and pH conditions. The results showed that under cultivation conditions simulating the medium used in the industrial process (must at 22° Brix at pH 3.0) the highest ethanol productivity was 0.41 g L-1 h-1 for S. cerevisiae CAT-1, compared to 0.11 g L-1 h-1 and 0.16 g L-1 h-1 for P. kudriavzevii and S. cerevisiae BB2, respectively. S. cerevisiae CAT-1 produced three times more ethanol in must at pH 3.0 (28.30 g L-1) and in mineral medium at pH 3.0 (29.17 g L-1) and 5.0 (30.70 g L-1) when compared to the value obtained in sugarcane must pH 3.0 (9.89 g L-1). It was concluded that S. cerevisiae CAT-1 was not limited by the variation in pH in the mineral medium due to its nutritional composition, guaranteeing better performance of the yeast even in the presence of stressors. Only S. cerevisiae CAT-1 expressed he constitutive invertase enzyme, which is responsible for hydrolysing the sucrose contained in the must.
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Bermejo PM, Raghavendran V, Gombert AK. Neither 1G nor 2G fuel ethanol: setting the ground for a sugarcane-based biorefinery using an iSUCCELL yeast platform. FEMS Yeast Res 2020; 20:5836716. [PMID: 32401320 DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/foaa027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
First-generation (1G) fuel ethanol production in sugarcane-based biorefineries is an established economic enterprise in Brazil. Second-generation (2G) fuel ethanol from lignocellulosic materials, though extensively investigated, is currently facing severe difficulties to become economically viable. Some of the challenges inherent to these processes could be resolved by efficiently separating and partially hydrolysing the cellulosic fraction of the lignocellulosic materials into the disaccharide cellobiose. Here, we propose an alternative biorefinery, where the sucrose-rich stream from the 1G process is mixed with a cellobiose-rich stream in the fermentation step. The advantages of mixing are 3-fold: (i) decreased concentrations of metabolic inhibitors that are typically produced during pretreatment and hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials; (ii) decreased cooling times after enzymatic hydrolysis prior to fermentation; and (iii) decreased availability of free glucose for contaminating microorganisms and undesired glucose repression effects. The iSUCCELL platform will be built upon the robust Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains currently present in 1G biorefineries, which offer competitive advantage in non-aseptic environments, and into which intracellular hydrolyses of sucrose and cellobiose will be engineered. It is expected that high yields of ethanol can be achieved in a process with cell recycling, lower contamination levels and decreased antibiotic use, when compared to current 2G technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vijayendran Raghavendran
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
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Wang S, Zhang L, Qi L, Liang H, Lin X, Li S, Yu C, Ji C. Effect of synthetic microbial community on nutraceutical and sensory qualities of kombucha. Int J Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.14596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian 116034 PR China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood Dalian 116034 PR China
| | - Liming Zhang
- School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian 116034 PR China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood Dalian 116034 PR China
| | - Libo Qi
- School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian 116034 PR China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood Dalian 116034 PR China
| | - Huipeng Liang
- School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian 116034 PR China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood Dalian 116034 PR China
| | - Xinping Lin
- School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian 116034 PR China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood Dalian 116034 PR China
| | - Shengjie Li
- School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian 116034 PR China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood Dalian 116034 PR China
| | - Chenxu Yu
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood Dalian 116034 PR China
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA
| | - Chaofan Ji
- School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian 116034 PR China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood Dalian 116034 PR China
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Barrilli ÉT, Tadioto V, Milani LM, Deoti JR, Fogolari O, Müller C, Barros KO, Rosa CA, Dos Santos AA, Stambuk BU, Treichel H, Alves SL. Biochemical analysis of cellobiose catabolism in Candida pseudointermedia strains isolated from rotten wood. Arch Microbiol 2020; 202:1729-1739. [PMID: 32328754 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-020-01884-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
We isolated two Candida pseudointermedia strains from the Atlantic rain forest in Brazil, and analyzed cellobiose metabolization in their cells. After growth in cellobiose medium, both strains had high intracellular β-glucosidase activity [~ 200 U (g cells)-1 for 200 mM cellobiose and ~ 100 U (g cells)-1 for 2 mM pNPβG] and negligible periplasmic cellobiase activity. During batch fermentation, the strain with the best performance consumed all the available cellobiose in the first 18 h of the assay, producing 2.7 g L-1 of ethanol. Kinetics of its cellobiase activity demonstrated a high-affinity hydrolytic system inside cells, with Km of 12.4 mM. Our data suggest that, unlike other fungal species that hydrolyze cellobiose extracellularly, both analyzed strains transport it to the cytoplasm, where it is then hydrolyzed by high-affinity intracellular β-glucosidases. We believe this study increases the fund of knowledge regarding yeasts from Brazilian microbiomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Évelyn T Barrilli
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Genetics, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Campus Chapecó, Rodovia SC 484, Km 2, Bairro Fronteira Sul, Chapecó, SC, 89815-899, Brazil
| | - Viviani Tadioto
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Genetics, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Campus Chapecó, Rodovia SC 484, Km 2, Bairro Fronteira Sul, Chapecó, SC, 89815-899, Brazil
| | - Letícia M Milani
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Genetics, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Campus Chapecó, Rodovia SC 484, Km 2, Bairro Fronteira Sul, Chapecó, SC, 89815-899, Brazil
| | - Junior R Deoti
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Genetics, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Campus Chapecó, Rodovia SC 484, Km 2, Bairro Fronteira Sul, Chapecó, SC, 89815-899, Brazil
| | - Odinei Fogolari
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Genetics, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Campus Chapecó, Rodovia SC 484, Km 2, Bairro Fronteira Sul, Chapecó, SC, 89815-899, Brazil
| | - Caroline Müller
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Genetics, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Campus Chapecó, Rodovia SC 484, Km 2, Bairro Fronteira Sul, Chapecó, SC, 89815-899, Brazil
| | - Katharina O Barros
- Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Carlos A Rosa
- Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Angela A Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Genetics, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Campus Chapecó, Rodovia SC 484, Km 2, Bairro Fronteira Sul, Chapecó, SC, 89815-899, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Boris U Stambuk
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Helen Treichel
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Bioprocesses, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Campus Erechim, Erechim, RS, Brazil
| | - Sérgio L Alves
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Genetics, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Campus Chapecó, Rodovia SC 484, Km 2, Bairro Fronteira Sul, Chapecó, SC, 89815-899, Brazil.
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Hwang J, Bang I, Kim D, Shin SC, Chin YW, Kim TW, Kim HJ. Genome sequence of the potential probiotic eukaryote Saccharomyces cerevisiae KCCM 51299. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:185. [PMID: 32257741 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02174-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Saccharomyces cerevisiae KCCM 51299, a potential probiotic yeast overproducing glutathione, has been isolated from among 272 yeast strains from the relatively safe Nuruk. The genome sequence of S. cerevisiae KCCM 51299 was analyzed and a near-complete genome (12 Mb) with 19 contigs was assembled after PacBio single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing. The genome of S. cerevisiae KCCM 51299 was compared to the S. cerevisiae s288c reference genome. Additionally, genes involved in glutathione biosynthesis were identified, and the glutathione biosynthesis pathway was constructed in silico based on these genes. Furthermore, S. cerevisiae KCCM 51299 genes were compared with those in other yeast genomes. Finally, genome-scale in silico flux analysis was carried out, and a metabolic engineering strategy for glutathione biosynthesis was generated. These results provide useful information to further develop eukaryotic probiotics to overproduce glutathione.
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Sanz Smachetti ME, Coronel CD, Salerno GL, Curatti L. Sucrose-to-ethanol microalgae-based platform using seawater. ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Nascimento VM, Fonseca GG. Effects of the carbon source and the interaction between carbon sources on the physiology of the industrial Saccharomyces cerevisiae CAT-1. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 50:349-356. [PMID: 31847699 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2019.1703192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
During industrial fermentation, wild isolates are able to persist and even predominate in the bioreactors. Saccharomyces cerevisiae CAT-1 was one of these isolates and now is one of the yeasts mostly used in industrial ethanol processes in Brazil due to its efficient fermentation capacity. Despite it, the strain's physiology has been marginally studied so far. Since strains of the same species may have different responses to a specific cultivation condition, this work aimed to evaluate the physiology of S. cerevisiae CAT-1 in batch cultures using different carbon sources (glucose, fructose, sucrose, maltose, and galactose) as a sole carbon source and in binary mixtures, at 30 and 37 °C. The results showed that the fructose, sucrose, and maltose were the sugars that presented the highest ethanol yields on the substrate (0.40 gethanol gsubstrate-1) at both temperatures. Galactose was the sugar that the yeast had the lowest affinity given the lowest maximum specific growth rate (0.28 h-1). Despite the influence of a variety of mechanisms for sugar transport, the cells consume first substrates with fewer metabolic steps to catabolism and are susceptible to adaptive evolution depending on the availability of substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valkirea Matos Nascimento
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Laboratory of Bioengineering, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Graciano Fonseca
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Laboratory of Bioengineering, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, Brazil
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Rolz C, de León R, Mendizábal de Montenegro AL. Co-production of ethanol and biodiesel from sweet sorghum juice in two consecutive fermentation steps. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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48
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Effect of Co-Inoculation with Pichia fermentans and Pediococcus acidilactici on Metabolite Produced During Fermentation and Volatile Composition of Coffee Beans. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation5030067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Removal of the mucilage layer of coffee fruits by a fermentation process has became an interesting strategy to improve coffee quality, which is able to assist the formation of flavored molecules. In this study, four sets of inoculation protocols were evaluated using ripe and immature coffee fruits, respectively, including (i) pure culture fermentation with Pichia fermentans, (ii) pure culture fermentation with Pediococcus acidilactici, (ii) combined fermentation with P. fermentans and P. acidilactici, and (iv) spontaneous, non-inoculated control. The initial pulp sugar concentration of ripe coffee fruits (0.57 and 1.13 g/L glucose and fructose content, respectively) was significantly higher than immature coffee pulp (0.13 and 0.26 g/L glucose and fructose content, respectively). Combined inoculation with P. fermentans and P. acidilactici of ripe coffee beans increased pulp sugar consumption and production of metabolites (lactic acid, ethanol, and ethyl acetate), evidencing a positive synergic interaction between these two microbial groups. On the other hand, when immature coffee fruits were used, only pure culture inoculation with P. fermentans was able to improve metabolite formation during fermentation, while combined treatment showed no significant effect. Altogether, 30 volatile compounds were identified and semi-quantified with HS- solid phase microextraction (SPME)-gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrophotometry (GC/MS) in fermented coffee beans. In comparison with pure cultures and spontaneous process, combined treatment prominently enhanced the aroma complexity of ripe coffee beans, with a sharp increase in benzeneacetaldehyde, 2-heptanol, and benzylalcohol. Consistent with the monitoring of the fermentation process, only P. fermentans treatment was able to impact the volatile composition of immature coffee beans. The major impacted compounds were 2-hexanol, nonanal, and D-limonene. In summary, this study demonstrated the great potential of the combined use of yeast and lactic acid bacteria to improve fermentation efficiency and to positively influence the chemical composition of coffee beans. Further studies are still required to investigate the mechanisms of synergism between these two microbial groups during the fermentation process and influence the sensory properties of coffee products.
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Vinicius De Melo Pereira G, De Carvalho Neto DP, Junqueira ACDO, Karp SG, Letti LAJ, Magalhães Júnior AI, Soccol CR. A Review of Selection Criteria for Starter Culture Development in the Food Fermentation Industry. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2019.1630636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dão P. De Carvalho Neto
- Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Ana C. De O. Junqueira
- Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Susan G. Karp
- Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Luiz A. J. Letti
- Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | - Carlos R. Soccol
- Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Brazil
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Metabolism of sucrose in a non-fermentative Escherichia coli under oxygen limitation. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:6245-6256. [PMID: 31147757 PMCID: PMC6616217 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-09909-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Biotechnological industry strives to develop anaerobic bioprocesses fueled by abundant and cheap carbon sources, like sucrose. However, oxygen-limiting conditions often lead to by-product formation and reduced ATP yields. While by-product formation is typically decreased by gene deletion, the breakdown of oligosaccharides with inorganic phosphate instead of water could increment the ATP yield. To observe the effect of oxygen limitation during sucrose consumption, a non-fermentative Escherichia coli K-12 strain was transformed with genes enabling sucrose assimilation. It was observed that the combined deletion of the genes adhE, adhP, mhpF, ldhA, and pta abolished the anaerobic growth using sucrose. Therefore, the biomass-specific conversion rates were obtained using oxygen-limited continuous cultures. Strains performing the breakdown of the sucrose by hydrolysis (SUC-HYD) or phosphorolysis (SUC-PHOSP) were studied in such conditions. An experimentally validated in silico model, modified to account for plasmid and protein burdens, was employed to calculate carbon and electron consistent conversion rates. In both strains, the biomass yields were lower than expected and, strikingly, SUC-PHOSP showed a yield lower than SUC-HYD. Flux balance analyses indicated a significant increase in the non-growth-associated ATP expenses by comparison with the growth on glucose. The observed fructose-1,6-biphosphatase and phosphoglucomutase activities, as well as the concentrations of glycogen, suggest the operation of ATP futile cycles triggered by a combination of the oxygen limitation and the metabolites released during the sucrose breakdown.
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