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Lu X, Ni P, Suarez-Meade P, Ma Y, Forrest EN, Wang G, Wang Y, Quiñones-Hinojosa A, Gerstein M, Jiang YH. Transcriptional determinism and stochasticity contribute to the complexity of autism-associated SHANK family genes. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114376. [PMID: 38900637 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Precision of transcription is critical because transcriptional dysregulation is disease causing. Traditional methods of transcriptional profiling are inadequate to elucidate the full spectrum of the transcriptome, particularly for longer and less abundant mRNAs. SHANK3 is one of the most common autism causative genes. Twenty-four Shank3-mutant animal lines have been developed for autism modeling. However, their preclinical validity has been questioned due to incomplete Shank3 transcript structure. We apply an integrative approach combining cDNA-capture and long-read sequencing to profile the SHANK3 transcriptome in humans and mice. We unexpectedly discover an extremely complex SHANK3 transcriptome. Specific SHANK3 transcripts are altered in Shank3-mutant mice and postmortem brain tissues from individuals with autism spectrum disorder. The enhanced SHANK3 transcriptome significantly improves the detection rate for potential deleterious variants from genomics studies of neuropsychiatric disorders. Our findings suggest that both deterministic and stochastic transcription of the genome is associated with SHANK family genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Lu
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Pengyu Ni
- Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | | | - Yu Ma
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
| | - Emily Niemitz Forrest
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Guilin Wang
- Keck Microarray Shared Resource, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 201102, China
| | | | - Mark Gerstein
- Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Computer Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Statistics and Data Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics & Data Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Yong-Hui Jiang
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
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Lu X, Ni P, Suarez-Meade P, Ma Y, Forrest EN, Wang G, Wang Y, Quiñones-Hinojosa A, Gerstein M, Jiang YH. Transcriptional Determinism and Stochasticity Contribute to the Complexity of Autism Associated SHANK Family Genes. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.18.585480. [PMID: 38562714 PMCID: PMC10983920 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.18.585480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Precision of transcription is critical because transcriptional dysregulation is disease causing. Traditional methods of transcriptional profiling are inadequate to elucidate the full spectrum of the transcriptome, particularly for longer and less abundant mRNAs. SHANK3 is one of the most common autism causative genes. Twenty-four Shank3 mutant animal lines have been developed for autism modeling. However, their preclinical validity has been questioned due to incomplete Shank3 transcript structure. We applied an integrative approach combining cDNA-capture and long-read sequencing to profile the SHANK3 transcriptome in human and mice. We unexpectedly discovered an extremely complex SHANK3 transcriptome. Specific SHANK3 transcripts were altered in Shank3 mutant mice and postmortem brains tissues from individuals with ASD. The enhanced SHANK3 transcriptome significantly improved the detection rate for potential deleterious variants from genomics studies of neuropsychiatric disorders. Our findings suggest the stochastic transcription of genome associated with SHANK family genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Lu
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, CT, 06520 USA
| | - Pengyu Ni
- Biomedical Informatics & Data Science, Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, CT, 06520 USA
| | | | - Yu Ma
- Department of Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201102 China
| | | | - Guilin Wang
- Yale Center for Genome Analysis, Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, CT, 06520 USA
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201102 China
| | | | - Mark Gerstein
- Biomedical Informatics & Data Science, Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, CT, 06520 USA
- Yale Center for Genome Analysis, Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, CT, 06520 USA
| | - Yong-hui Jiang
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, CT, 06520 USA
- Neuroscienc, Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, CT, 06520 USA
- Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, CT, 06520 USA
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Neves VCM, Satie Okajima L, Elbahtety E, Joseph S, Daly J, Menon A, Fan D, Volkyte A, Mainas G, Fung K, Dhami P, Pelegrine AA, Sharpe P, Nibali L, Ide M. Repurposing Metformin for periodontal disease management as a form of oral-systemic preventive medicine. J Transl Med 2023; 21:655. [PMID: 37814261 PMCID: PMC10563330 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04456-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the improvements in treatment over the last decades, periodontal disease (PD) affects millions of people around the world and the only treatment available is based on controlling microbial load. Diabetes is known to increase the risk of PD establishment and progression, and recently, glucose metabolism modulation by pharmaceutical or dietarian means has been emphasised as a significant modulator of non-communicable disease development. METHODS The impact of pharmaceutically controlling glucose metabolism in non-diabetic animals and humans (REBEC, UTN code: U1111-1276-1942) was investigated by repurposing Metformin, as a mean to manage periodontal disease and its associated systemic risk factors. RESULTS We found that glucose metabolism control via use of Metformin aimed at PD management resulted in significant prevention of bone loss during induced periodontal disease and age-related bone loss in vivo. Metformin also influenced the bacterial species present in the oral environment and impacted the metabolic epithelial and stromal responses to bacterial dysbiosis at a single cell level. Systemically, Metformin controlled blood glucose levels and age-related weight gain when used long-term. Translationally, our pilot randomized control trial indicated that systemic Metformin was safe to use in non-diabetic patients and affected the periodontal tissues. During the medication window, patients showed stable levels of systemic blood glucose, lower circulating hsCRP and lower insulin levels after periodontal treatment when compared to placebo. Finally, patients treated with Metformin had improved periodontal parameters when compared to placebo treated patients. CONCLUSION This is the first study to demonstrate that systemic interventions using Metformin in non-diabetic individuals aimed at PD prevention have oral-systemic effects constituting a possible novel form of preventive medicine for oral-systemic disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitor C M Neves
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, FoDOCS, King's College London, London, UK.
- Periodontology Unit, Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, FoDOCS, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Luciana Satie Okajima
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, School of Dentistry, São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Eyad Elbahtety
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, FoDOCS, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Susan Joseph
- Periodontology Unit, Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, FoDOCS, King's College London, London, UK
| | - James Daly
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, FoDOCS, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Athul Menon
- NIHR BRC Genomics Research Platform, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, King's College London School of Medicine, London, UK
| | - Di Fan
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, FoDOCS, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Ayste Volkyte
- Periodontology Unit, Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, FoDOCS, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Giuseppe Mainas
- Periodontology Unit, Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, FoDOCS, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Kathy Fung
- NIHR BRC Genomics Research Platform, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, King's College London School of Medicine, London, UK
| | - Pawan Dhami
- NIHR BRC Genomics Research Platform, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, King's College London School of Medicine, London, UK
| | - Andre A Pelegrine
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, School of Dentistry, São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Paul Sharpe
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, FoDOCS, King's College London, London, UK
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Luigi Nibali
- Periodontology Unit, Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, FoDOCS, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Mark Ide
- Periodontology Unit, Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, FoDOCS, King's College London, London, UK
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Zhao Q, Xu Q, Serafino MA, Zhang Q, Wang C, Yu Y. Comprehensive analysis of circular RNAs in porcine small intestine epithelial cells associated with susceptibility to Escherichia coli F4ac diarrhea. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:211. [PMID: 37085748 PMCID: PMC10122348 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08994-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diarrhea is one of the most common diseases in pig industry, which seriously threatens the health of piglets and causes huge economic losses. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) F4 is regarded as the most important cause of diarrhea in piglets. Some pigs are naturally resistant to those diarrheas caused by ETEC-F4, because they have no F4 receptors (F4R) on their small intestine epithelial cells that allow F4 fimbriae adhesion. Circular RNA (circRNA) has been shown to play an important regulatory role in the pathogenesis of disease. We hypothesized that circRNAs may also regulate the adhesion of piglet small intestinal epithelial cells to ETEC F4 fimbriae. However, the circRNA expression profiles of piglets with different Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli F4 fimbriae (ETEC-F4ac) adhesion phenotypes are still unclear, and the intermediate regulatory mechanisms need to be explored. Hence, the present study assessed the circRNA expression profiling in small intestine epithelial cells of eight male piglets with different ETEC-F4 adhesion phenotypes and ITGB5 genotypes to unravel their regulatory function in susceptibility to ETEC-F4ac diarrhea. Piglets were divided into two groups: non-adhesive group (n = 4) with CC genotype and adhesive group (n = 4) with TT genotype. RESULTS The RNA-seq data analysis identified 13,199 circRNAs from eight samples, most of which were exon-derived. In the small intestine epithelial cells, 305 were differentially expressed (DE) circRNAs between the adhesive and non-adhesive groups; of which 46 circRNAs were upregulated, and 259 were downregulated. Gene ontology and KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that most significantly enriched DE circRNAs' host genes were linked to cytoskeletal components, protein phosphorylation, cell adhesion, ion transport and pathways (such as adherens junction, gap junction) associated with ETEC diarrhea. The circRNA-miRNA-mRNA interaction network was also constructed to elucidate their underlying regulatory relationships. Our results identified several candidate circRNAs that affects susceptibility to ETEC diarrhea. Among them, circ-SORBS1 can adsorb ssc-miR-345-3p to regulate the expression of its host gene SORBS1, thus improving cell adhesion. CONCLUSION Our results provided insights into the regulation function of circRNAs in susceptibility to ETEC diarrhea of piglets, and enhanced our understanding of the role of circRNAs in regulating ETEC diarrhea, and reveal the great potential of circRNA as a diagnostic marker for susceptibility of ETEC diarrhea in piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture & National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinglei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture & National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - M A Serafino
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture & National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
- School of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, University of Juba, B. O. Pox 82, Juba, South Sudan
| | - Qin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture & National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong, 271018, China
| | - Chuduan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture & National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ying Yu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture & National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.
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Li S, Zhai G, He R, Chen G, Wang S, Liu J, Cheng J, Yan H, Huang Z. Down-regulation and clinical significance of Sorbin and SH3 domain-containing protein 1 in bladder cancer tissues. IET Syst Biol 2023; 17:70-82. [PMID: 36854874 PMCID: PMC10116029 DOI: 10.1049/syb2.12060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is a common cancer worldwide with a high prevalence. This study was conducted to elucidate the expression and clinical significance of Sorbin and SH3 domain-containing protein 1 (SORBS1) in BC as well as to explore its molecular mechanism in BC tumourigenesis. RNA-sequencing data, microarray, and Immunohistochemistry (IHC) were applied to elucidated the SORBS1 expression at multiple levels. After that, the relationship between tumour-immune infiltration and SORBS1 was also explored. Finally, SORBS1-related genes in BC were identified to perform functional enrichment analyses. The expression integration revealed that the comprehensive expression of SORBS1 at the mRNA level was -1.02 and that at the protein level was -3.73, based on 12 platforms, including 1221 BC and 187 non-BC samples. SORBS1 was negatively correlated with tumour purity (correlation = -0.342, p < 0.001) and positively correlated with macrophage (correlation = 0.358, p < 0.001). The results of enrichment analyses revealed that the most significant biological pathways of SORBS1-related genes were epithelial-mesenchymal transition. SORBS1 was significantly down-regulated in BC and may play a role as tumour suppressor. This study provides new directions and biomarkers for future BC diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng‐Hua Li
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionChina
| | - Gao‐Qiang Zhai
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionChina
| | - Rong‐Quan He
- Department of Medical OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionChina
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Medical PathologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionChina
| | - Shi‐Shuo Wang
- Department of Medical PathologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionChina
| | - Jia‐Lin Liu
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionChina
| | - Ji‐Wen Cheng
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionChina
| | - Hai‐Biao Yan
- Department of UrologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionChina
| | - Zhi‐Guang Huang
- Department of Medical PathologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningGuangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionChina
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Advances in the previous two decades in our understanding of the post-translational modifications, functions, and drug perspectives of ArgBP2 and its family members. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 155:113853. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Gong S, Huo S, Luo Y, Li Y, Ma Y, Huang X, Hu M, Liu W, Zhang R, Cai X, Zhou L, Chen L, Ren Q, Zhang S, Zhu Y, Zhang X, Chen J, Wu J, Zhou X, Lin X, Han X, Ji L. A variation in SORBS1 is associated with type 2 diabetes and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in Chinese population. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2022; 38:e3524. [PMID: 35107206 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
AIM Sorbin and SH3-domain-containing-1 (SORBS1) play important roles in insulin signalling and cytoskeleton regulation. Variants of the SORBS1 gene have been inconsistently reported to be associated with type 2 diabetes or diabetic kidney disease (DKD). METHODS Two independent case-control studies based on two randomized sampling cohorts (cohort 1, n = 3345; cohort 2, n = 2282) were used to confirm the association between rs2281939 of SORBS1 and impaired glucose regulation (IGR). An additional hospital-based cohort (cohort 3, n = 2135) and cohort 1 were used to investigate the association between rs2281939 and DKD. The phenotype of rare variants of SORBS1 was explored in 453 patients with early onset type 2 diabetes (diagnosed before 40 years of age, EOD). RESULTS The G allele was associated with type 2 diabetes (additive model: OR = 1.25, 95% CI [1.03-1.52], p = 0.022) in cohort 1, and IGR in cohort 2 (additive model: OR = 1.22, 95% CI [1.05-1.43], p = 0.01). We found that the G allele was also associated with HDL-c levels in women in both cohort 1 (p = 0.03) and 2 (p = 0.029) in the dominant model. The rare variant carriers also had lower HDL-c and LDL-c levels than non-carriers in patients with EOD. No association between rs2281939 or rare variants and DKD was observed. CONCLUSIONS The variants in the SORBS1 gene were associated with IGR and HDL-c levels but not with DKD in the Chinese Han population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqian Gong
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing, China
| | - Shaofeng Huo
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingying Luo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yufeng Li
- Beijing Pinggu Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yumin Ma
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuting Huang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing, China
| | - Mengdie Hu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoling Cai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing, China
| | - Lingli Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Ren
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing, China
| | - Simin Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuying Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xianghai Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Lin
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueyao Han
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing, China
| | - Linong Ji
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing, China
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Shen H, Xu X, Fu Z, Xu C, Wang Y. The interactions of CAP and LYN with the insulin signaling transducer CBL play an important role in polycystic ovary syndrome. Metabolism 2022; 131:155164. [PMID: 35217034 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder characterized by hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction, and insulin resistance. Evidence suggests that aberrations in insulin signaling-associated pathways may underlie PCOS pathogenesis. Our aim was to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying PCOS and associated insulin resistance using in silico analyses, in vitro cell models, and in vivo murine models. METHODS R-based bioinformatics analysis was performed on granulosa cell microarray data from three human cohorts: healthy control, PCOS patients without insulin resistance, and PCOS patients with insulin resistance. Transgenic human granulosa cell models were utilized for in vitro studies. Transgenic murine models of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)-induced PCOS were utilized for in vivo studies. RESULTS Sorbin and SH3 Domain Containing 1 (SORBS1), the parent gene of the insulin receptor-associated Casitas B-lineage lymphoma protein (CBL)-associated protein (CAP), is a key downregulated gene in PCOS patients with insulin resistance. CAP binding to CBL reduced CBLY731 phosphorylation, CBL-phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) p85α interactivity, protein kinase B (Akt)S473 phosphorylation, and NFκB-induced inflammatory marker expression but enhanced CRKII-mediated membrane GLUT4 translocation in granulosa cells. In contrast, the tyrosine kinase Lck/Yes-Related Novel Protein (LYN) is upregulated in PCOS patients with insulin resistance. LYN binding to CBL enhanced CBLY731 phosphorylation, CBL-PI3K p85α interactivity, AktS473 phosphorylation, and NFκB-induced inflammatory marker expression but did not impact membrane GLUT4 translocation. In PCOS mice, Cap overexpression, Cap transactivation by metformin, or enhancing Cbl-CrkII binding improved insulin sensitivity and ovarian dysfunction (i.e., estrous cycle disruption, cyst-like follicle formation, and sex hormone dysregulation). In contrast, Lyn knockdown, Lyn inhibition by PP2, or CBL-PI3K p85α blockade improved only ovarian dysfunction. Cbl3YF phosphomutant overexpression (which enhances Cbl-CrkII binding but blocks Cbl-PI3K p85α binding) ameliorated both ovarian dysfunction and insulin resistance. CONCLUSIONS The interactions of CAP and LYN with CBL, and the resulting effects on CBL phosphorylation and activity, may play an important role in PCOS pathogenesis. Targeting these players may be a viable therapeutic strategy for PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Shen
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, PR China.
| | - Xiao Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Zhongpeng Fu
- Department of Ultrasonography, Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, PR China
| | - Chengjie Xu
- Department of Intelligence Science, Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, PR China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200011, PR China.
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9
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Childebayeva A, Rohrlach AB, Barquera R, Rivollat M, Aron F, Szolek A, Kohlbacher O, Nicklisch N, Alt KW, Gronenborn D, Meller H, Friederich S, Prüfer K, Deguilloux MF, Krause J, Haak W. Population Genetics and Signatures of Selection in Early Neolithic European Farmers. Mol Biol Evol 2022; 39:6586604. [PMID: 35578825 PMCID: PMC9171004 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msac108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Human expansion in the course of the Neolithic transition in western Eurasia has been one of the major topics in ancient DNA research in the last 10 years. Multiple studies have shown that the spread of agriculture and animal husbandry from the Near East across Europe was accompanied by large-scale human expansions. Moreover, changes in subsistence and migration associated with the Neolithic transition have been hypothesized to involve genetic adaptation. Here, we present high quality genome-wide data from the Linear Pottery Culture site Derenburg-Meerenstieg II (DER) (N = 32 individuals) in Central Germany. Population genetic analyses show that the DER individuals carried predominantly Anatolian Neolithic-like ancestry and a very limited degree of local hunter-gatherer admixture, similar to other early European farmers. Increasing the Linear Pottery culture cohort size to ∼100 individuals allowed us to perform various frequency- and haplotype-based analyses to investigate signatures of selection associated with changes following the adoption of the Neolithic lifestyle. In addition, we developed a new method called Admixture-informed Maximum-likelihood Estimation for Selection Scans that allowed us test for selection signatures in an admixture-aware fashion. Focusing on the intersection of results from these selection scans, we identified various loci associated with immune function (JAK1, HLA-DQB1) and metabolism (LMF1, LEPR, SORBS1), as well as skin color (SLC24A5, CD82) and folate synthesis (MTHFR, NBPF3). Our findings shed light on the evolutionary pressures, such as infectious disease and changing diet, that were faced by the early farmers of Western Eurasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainash Childebayeva
- Archaeogenetics Department, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Kahlaische Straße 10, D-07745 Jena, Germany.,Archaeogenetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Adam Benjamin Rohrlach
- Archaeogenetics Department, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Kahlaische Straße 10, D-07745 Jena, Germany.,Archaeogenetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany.,ARC Centre of Excellence for Mathematical and Statistical Frontiers, School of Mathematical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Rodrigo Barquera
- Archaeogenetics Department, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Kahlaische Straße 10, D-07745 Jena, Germany.,Archaeogenetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maïté Rivollat
- Archaeogenetics Department, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Kahlaische Straße 10, D-07745 Jena, Germany.,Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, PACEA-UMR 5199, 33615 Pessac, France
| | - Franziska Aron
- Archaeogenetics Department, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Kahlaische Straße 10, D-07745 Jena, Germany
| | - András Szolek
- Applied Bioinformatics, Dept. of Computer Science, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Immunology, Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Oliver Kohlbacher
- Applied Bioinformatics, Dept. of Computer Science, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Institute for Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Translational Bioinformatics, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Biomolecular Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Nicole Nicklisch
- Center of Natural and Cultural Human History, Danube Private University, Krems-Stein, Austria.,State Office for Heritage Management and Archaeology Saxony-Anhalt - State Museum of Prehistory, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Kurt W Alt
- Center of Natural and Cultural Human History, Danube Private University, Krems-Stein, Austria.,State Office for Heritage Management and Archaeology Saxony-Anhalt - State Museum of Prehistory, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Detlef Gronenborn
- Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum, Leibniz Research Institute for Archaeology, Ernst-Ludwig-Platz 2, 55116 Mainz, Germany
| | - Harald Meller
- State Office for Heritage Management and Archaeology Saxony-Anhalt - State Museum of Prehistory, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Susanne Friederich
- State Office for Heritage Management and Archaeology Saxony-Anhalt - State Museum of Prehistory, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Kay Prüfer
- Archaeogenetics Department, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Kahlaische Straße 10, D-07745 Jena, Germany.,Archaeogenetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Johannes Krause
- Archaeogenetics Department, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Kahlaische Straße 10, D-07745 Jena, Germany.,Archaeogenetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Haak
- Archaeogenetics Department, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Kahlaische Straße 10, D-07745 Jena, Germany.,Archaeogenetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
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10
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Yang L, Min X, Zhu Y, Hu Y, Yang M, Yu H, Li J, Xiong X. Polymorphisms of SORBS1 Gene and Their Correlation with Milk Fat Traits of Cattleyak. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11123461. [PMID: 34944239 PMCID: PMC8697865 DOI: 10.3390/ani11123461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Increasing milk fat rate has a good effect on the milk quality of cattleyak. SNPs can help us find potential molecular markers for the milk fat traits of cattleyak, and they can be screened according to molecular markers when they are young. It provides a reference for cultivating high milk fat cattle population in the future. The results of this study suggest that the SORBS1 gene polymorphism is closely related to the milk fat traits of cattleyak, which could be used as a candidate genetic marker for milk fat trait selection in cattleyak. This study provides a new molecular marker and theoretical basis for screening the milk fat traits of cattleyak. It has a certain reference value for the research and improvement of milk quality. Abstract This study aimed to find the SNPs in the SORBS1 gene of cattleyak, analyze the relationship between its polymorphisms and the milk fat traits, and find potential molecular markers for the milk fat traits of cattleyak. The polymorphism of the SORBS1 gene in 350 cattleyak from Hongyuan County (Sichuan, China) were detected by PCR and DNA sequencing, and the correlation between these SNPs and the milk production traits of cattleyak was analyzed. The results showed that there were nine SNPs in the CDS and their adjacent non-coding regions of the SORBS1 gene, and all SNPs have three genotypes. The correlation analysis found that the genotypes with superior milk fat traits in the other eight alleles were homozygous genotypes with a high genotype frequency except the g.96284 G > A (c.3090 G > A) (p < 0.05). However, at locus g.96284 G > A, the milk fat percentage, monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and saturated fatty acids (SFAs) of the GA genotype were significantly higher than that of GG and AA genotypes (p < 0.05). Among these SNPs, three SNPs (g.6256 C > T (c.298 C > T), g.24791 A > G (c.706 A > G) and g.29121 A > G (c.979 A > G)) caused the amino acids change. The genotypes of the three SNPs consist of three haplotypes and four diplotypes. The amino acid mutation degree of diplotype H1–H1 (CCAAAA) was the highest, and its milk fat percentage, MUFAs, PUFAs and SFAs were also the highest (p < 0.05). Taken together, we found nine SNPs in the SORBS1 gene that are closely related to the milk fat traits of cattleyak. Moreover, the mutation of amino acids caused by SNPs had positive effects on the milk fat traits of cattleyak. H1-H1 is the dominant diplotype which significantly related to the milk fat traits of cattleyak. This study provides a new molecular marker and theoretical basis for screening the milk fat traits of cattleyak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Reservation and Exploitation of Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (L.Y.); (X.M.); (Y.Z.); (Y.H.); (J.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Science of National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (M.Y.); (H.Y.)
| | - Xingyu Min
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Reservation and Exploitation of Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (L.Y.); (X.M.); (Y.Z.); (Y.H.); (J.L.)
| | - Yanjin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Reservation and Exploitation of Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (L.Y.); (X.M.); (Y.Z.); (Y.H.); (J.L.)
| | - Yulei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Reservation and Exploitation of Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (L.Y.); (X.M.); (Y.Z.); (Y.H.); (J.L.)
| | - Manzhen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Science of National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (M.Y.); (H.Y.)
| | - Hailing Yu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Science of National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (M.Y.); (H.Y.)
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Reservation and Exploitation of Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (L.Y.); (X.M.); (Y.Z.); (Y.H.); (J.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Science of National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (M.Y.); (H.Y.)
| | - Xianrong Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Reservation and Exploitation of Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (L.Y.); (X.M.); (Y.Z.); (Y.H.); (J.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Science of National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; (M.Y.); (H.Y.)
- Correspondence:
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11
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Xu Y, Xin R, Sun H, Long D, Li Z, Liao H, Xue T, Zhang Z, Kang Y, Mao G. Long Non-coding RNAs LOC100126784 and POM121L9P Derived From Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Enhance Osteogenic Differentiation via the miR-503-5p/SORBS1 Axis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:723759. [PMID: 34746123 PMCID: PMC8570085 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.723759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play pivotal roles in mesenchymal stem cell differentiation. However, the mechanisms by which non-coding RNA (ncRNA) networks regulate osteogenic differentiation remain unclear. Therefore, our aim was to identify RNA-associated gene and transcript expression profiles during osteogenesis in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Using transcriptome sequencing for differentially expressed ncRNAs and mRNAs between days 0 and 21 of osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, we found that the microRNA (miRNA) miR-503-5p was significantly downregulated. However, the putative miR-503-5p target, sorbin and SH3 domain containing 1 (SORBS1), was significantly upregulated in osteogenesis. Moreover, through lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA interaction analyses and loss- and gain-of-function experiments, we discovered that the lncRNAs LOC100126784 and POM121L9P were abundant in the cytoplasm and enhanced BMSC osteogenesis by promoting SORBS1 expression. In contrast, miR-503-5p reversed this effect. Ago2 RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation and dual-luciferase reporter assays further validated the direct binding of miR-503-5p to LOC100126784 and POM121L9P. Furthermore, SORBS1 knockdown suppressed early osteogenic differentiation in BMSCs, and co-transfection with SORBS1 small interfering RNAs counteracted the BMSCs’ osteogenic capacity promoted by LOC100126784- and POM121L9P-overexpressing lentivirus plasmids. Thus, the present study demonstrated that the lncRNAs LOC100126784 and POM121L9P facilitate the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs via the miR-503-5p/SORBS1 axis, providing potential therapeutic targets for treating osteoporosis and bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Xu
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Shengli Clinical Medical College, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ruobing Xin
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Dianbo Long
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiwen Li
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongyi Liao
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Xue
- Fujian Provincial Hospital South Branch, Center of Health Management, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ziji Zhang
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Kang
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guping Mao
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou, China
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12
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Li J, Huang G, Ren C, Wang N, Sui S, Zhao Z, Li M. Identification of differentially expressed genes-related prognostic risk model for survival prediction in breast carcinoma patients. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:16577-16599. [PMID: 34175839 PMCID: PMC8266316 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Since the imbalance of gene expression has been demonstrated to tightly related to breast cancer (BRCA) genesis and growth, common genes expressed of BRCA were screened to explore the essence in-between. In current work, most common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in various subtypes of BRCA were identified. Functional enrichment analysis illustrated the driving factor of deactivation of the cell cycle and the oocyte meiosis, which critically triggers the development of BRCA. Herein, we constructed a 12-gene prognostic risk model relative to differential gene expression. Subsequently, the K-M curves, analysis on time-ROC curve and Cox regression were performed to assess this risk model by determining the respective prognostic value, and the prediction performance were ascertained for both training and validation cohorts. In addition, multivariate Cox regression was analysed to reveal the independence between risk score and prognostic stage, and the accuracy and sensitivity of prognosis are particularly improved after clinical indicators are included into the analysis. In summary, this study offers novel insights into the imbalance of gene expression within BRCA, and highlights 12 selected genes associated with patient prognosis. The risk model can help individualize treatment for patients at different risks, and propose precise strategies and treatments for BRCA therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Li
- Department of Breast Oncology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Gena Huang
- Department of Breast Oncology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Caixia Ren
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Institute for Genome Engineered Animal Models of Human Diseases, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China
| | - Silei Sui
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, China
| | - Zuowei Zhao
- Department of Breast Oncology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China.,Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Man Li
- Department of Breast Oncology, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
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13
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Kiris I, Basar MK, Sahin B, Gurel B, Coskun J, Mroczek T, Baykal AT. Evaluation of the Therapeutic Effect of Lycoramine on Alzheimer's Disease in Mouse Model. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:3449-3473. [PMID: 33200692 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327999201116193126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease is one of the leading health problems characterized by the accumulation of Aβ and hyperphosphorylated tau that account for the senile plaque formations causing extensive cognitive decline. Many of the clinical diagnoses of Alzheimer's disease are made in the late stages, when the pathological changes have already progressed. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to evaluate the promising therapeutic effects of a natural compound, lycoramine, which has been shown to have therapeutic potential in several studies and to understand its mechanism of action on the molecular level via differential protein expression analyses. METHODS Lycoramine and galantamine, an FDA approved drug used in the treatment of mild to moderate AD, were administered to 12 month-old 5xFAD mice. Effects of the compounds were investigated by Morris water maze, immunohistochemistry and label- free differential protein expression analyses. RESULTS Here we demonstrated the reversal of cognitive decline via behavioral testing and the clearance of Aβ plaques. Proteomics analysis provided in-depth information on the statistically significant protein perturbations in the cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum sections to hypothesize the possible clearance mechanisms of the plaque formation and the molecular mechanism of the reversal of cognitive decline in a transgenic mouse model. Bioinformatics analyses showed altered molecular pathways that can be linked with the reversal of cognitive decline observed after lycoramine administration but not with galantamine. CONCLUSION Lycoramine shows therapeutic potential to halt and reverse cognitive decline at the late stages of disease progression, and holds great promise for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irem Kiris
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Merve Karayel Basar
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Betul Sahin
- Acibadem Labmed Clinical Laboratories, R&D Center, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Busra Gurel
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Julide Coskun
- Acibadem Labmed Clinical Laboratories, R&D Center, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tomasz Mroczek
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Ahmet Tarik Baykal
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
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14
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Chehin MB, Fraietta R, Lorenzon AR, Bonetti TCS, Motta ELA. The insulin signaling pathway is dysregulated in cumulus cells from obese, infertile women with polycystic ovarian syndrome with an absence of clinical insulin resistance. Ther Adv Reprod Health 2020; 14:2633494120906866. [PMID: 32596667 PMCID: PMC7303777 DOI: 10.1177/2633494120906866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Methods: This is a cohort study, conducted at a university-based reproductive medicine
center and private reproductive medicine center that aimed to evaluate
granulosa cumulus cell gene expression in the insulin signaling pathway in
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) patients undergoing in vitro fertilization
(IVF) treatment and to compare the cumulus gene expression between normal
weight and obese women without clinical insulin resistance. Fifteen PCOS
patients, nine normal weight patients and six obese patients presenting
normal HOMA IR (Homeostasis Model Assessment–Insulin Resistance),
participated. Patients underwent oocyte retrieval for IVF and after the
procedure, granulosa cumulus cells were removed from the oocytes for RNA
extraction. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) array analysis of
84 genes from insulin signaling pathway was conducted. The results were
expressed as fold up- or fold down-expression in obese patients compared
with normal weight patients. Any fold change ⩾3 or ⩽3 and any
p ⩽ 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: There were 10 genes that were overexpressed in obese compared with normal
weight women, BCL2L1, BRAF, CBL, DOK1, FBP1, FRS2, MTOR, PCK2, RPS6KA1, and
SORBS1, that had a fold change ⩾3 and p ⩽ 0.05. Discussion: In the obese group, the overexpressed genes are mainly responsible for the
proliferation and differentiation of cumulus cells during oocyte maturation,
insulin resistance, apoptosis regulation, and glucose metabolism during
early embryogenesis, suggesting that in the follicular environment, insulin
resistance is present even in the absence of clinical signs. Conclusion: Together, our findings and the related literature suggest that those
alterations may be associated with the worse prognosis of follicular
development and oocyte maturation observed in PCOS obese women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio B Chehin
- Huntington Medicina Reprodutiva, Medical Coordinator Vila Mariana, Rua Sena Madureira, 100, São Paulo, SP 04021-000, Brazil
| | - Renato Fraietta
- Human Reproduction Section, Surgery Discipline, Urology Department Escola Paulista de Medicina da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP-EPM), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Tatiana C S Bonetti
- Gynecology Endocrinology Discipline, Gynecology Department, Escola Paulista de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo (UNIFESP-EPM), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo L A Motta
- Gynecology Endocrinology Discipline, Gynecology Department, Escola Paulista de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo (UNIFESP-EPM), São Paulo, Brazil
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15
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Brandsma CA, Guryev V, Timens W, Ciconelle A, Postma DS, Bischoff R, Johansson M, Ovchinnikova ES, Malm J, Marko-Varga G, Fehniger TE, van den Berge M, Horvatovich P. Integrated proteogenomic approach identifying a protein signature of COPD and a new splice variant of SORBS1. Thorax 2020; 75:180-183. [PMID: 31937552 PMCID: PMC7029225 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2019-213200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Translation of genomic alterations to protein changes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is largely unexplored. Using integrated proteomic and RNA sequencing analysis of COPD and control lung tissues, we identified a protein signature in COPD characterised by extracellular matrix changes and a potential regulatory role for SUMO2. Furthermore, we identified 61 differentially expressed novel, non-reference, peptides in COPD compared with control lungs. This included two peptides encoding for a new splice variant of SORBS1, of which the transcript usage was higher in COPD compared with control lungs. These explorative findings and integrative proteogenomic approach open new avenues to further unravel the pathology of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corry-Anke Brandsma
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands .,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Victor Guryev
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, the Netherlands.,European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Wim Timens
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ana Ciconelle
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Dirkje S Postma
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Rainer Bischoff
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Maria Johansson
- Center of Excellence in Biological and Medical Mass Spectrometry, Biomedical Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ekaterina S Ovchinnikova
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Johan Malm
- Center of Excellence in Biological and Medical Mass Spectrometry, Biomedical Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Gyorgy Marko-Varga
- Center of Excellence in Biological and Medical Mass Spectrometry, Biomedical Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Thomas E Fehniger
- Center of Excellence in Biological and Medical Mass Spectrometry, Biomedical Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Maarten van den Berge
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Peter Horvatovich
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Groningen, the Netherlands
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16
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Nyaga DM, Vickers MH, Jefferies C, Perry JK, O’Sullivan JM. Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus-Associated Genetic Variants Contribute to Overlapping Immune Regulatory Networks. Front Genet 2018; 9:535. [PMID: 30524468 PMCID: PMC6258722 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by the autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic islet beta cells in genetically predisposed individuals. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified over 60 risk regions across the human genome, marked by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which confer genetic predisposition to T1D. There is increasing evidence that disease-associated SNPs can alter gene expression through spatial interactions that involve distal loci, in a tissue- and development-specific manner. Here, we used three-dimensional (3D) genome organization data to identify genes that physically co-localized with DNA regions that contained T1D-associated SNPs in the nucleus. Analysis of these SNP-gene pairs using the Genotype-Tissue Expression database identified a subset of SNPs that significantly affected gene expression. We identified 246 spatially regulated genes including HLA-DRB1, LAT, MICA, BTN3A2, CTLA4, CD226, NOTCH1, TRIM26, PTEN, TYK2, CTSH, and FLRT3, which exhibit tissue-specific effects in multiple tissues. We observed that the T1D-associated variants interconnect through networks that form part of the immune regulatory pathways, including immune-cell activation, cytokine signaling, and programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1). Our results implicate T1D-associated variants in tissue and cell-type specific regulatory networks that contribute to pancreatic beta cell inflammation and destruction, adaptive immune signaling, and immune-cell proliferation and activation. A number of other regulatory changes we identified are not typically considered to be central to the pathology of T1D. Collectively, our data represent a novel resource for the hypothesis-driven development of diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic interventions in T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis M. Nyaga
- The Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Mark H. Vickers
- The Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Craig Jefferies
- The Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Starship Children’s Health, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jo K. Perry
- The Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Genetic variation of SORBS1 gene is associated with glucose homeostasis and age at onset of diabetes: A SAPPHIRe Cohort Study. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10574. [PMID: 30002559 PMCID: PMC6043583 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28891-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The SORBS1 gene plays an important role in insulin signaling. We aimed to examine whether common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of SORBS1 are associated with prevalence and incidence of diabetes, age at onset of diabetes, and the related traits of glucose homeostasis. A total of 1135 siblings from 492 ethnic Chinese families were recruited at baseline, and 630 were followed up for 5.19 ± 0.96 years. Nine SNPs including rs7081076, rs2281939, rs3818540, rs2274490, rs61739184, rs726176, rs2296966, rs17849148, and rs3193970 were genotyped and examined. To deal with correlated data of subjects within the same families, the generalized estimating equations approach was applied throughout all association analyses. The GG genotype of rs2281939 was associated with a higher risk of diabetes at baseline, an earlier onset of diabetes, and higher steady-state plasma glucose levels in the modified insulin suppression test. The minor allele T of rs2296966 was associated with higher prevalence and incidence of diabetes, an earlier onset of diabetes, and higher 2-h glucose during oral glucose tolerance test. These two SNPs revealed independent associations with age of diabetes onset as well as risk of diabetes at baseline. These findings supported that SORBS1 gene participates in the pathogenesis of diabetes.
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Zhang Q, Ma C, Gearing M, Wang PG, Chin LS, Li L. Integrated proteomics and network analysis identifies protein hubs and network alterations in Alzheimer's disease. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2018; 6:19. [PMID: 29490708 PMCID: PMC5831854 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-018-0524-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the genetic causes for several rare, familial forms of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) have been identified, the etiology of the sporadic form of AD remains unclear. Here, we report a systems-level study of disease-associated proteome changes in human frontal cortex of sporadic AD patients using an integrated approach that combines mass spectrometry-based quantitative proteomics, differential expression analysis, and co-expression network analysis. Our analyses of 16 human brain tissues from AD patients and age-matched controls showed organization of the cortical proteome into a network of 24 biologically meaningful modules of co-expressed proteins. Of these, 5 modules are positively correlated to AD phenotypes with hub proteins that are up-regulated in AD, and 6 modules are negatively correlated to AD phenotypes with hub proteins that are down-regulated in AD. Our study generated a molecular blueprint of altered protein networks in AD brain and uncovered the dysregulation of multiple pathways and processes in AD brain, including altered proteostasis, RNA homeostasis, immune response, neuroinflammation, synaptic transmission, vesicular transport, cell signaling, cellular metabolism, lipid homeostasis, mitochondrial dynamics and function, cytoskeleton organization, and myelin-axon interactions. Our findings provide new insights into AD pathogenesis and suggest novel candidates for future diagnostic and therapeutic development.
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Giuranna J, Volckmar AL, Heinen A, Peters T, Schmidt B, Spieker A, Straub H, Grallert H, Müller TD, Antel J, Haußmann U, Klafki H, Liangyou R, Hebebrand J, Hinney A. The Effect of SH2B1 Variants on Expression of Leptin- and Insulin-Induced Pathways in Murine Hypothalamus. Obes Facts 2018; 11:93-108. [PMID: 29631267 PMCID: PMC5981666 DOI: 10.1159/000486962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to determine the effect of human SH2B1 variants on leptin and insulin signaling, major regulators of energy homeostasis, on the RNA level. METHODS We analyzed the expression of infrequent alleles of seven SH2B1 variants (Arg67Cys, Lys150Arg, Thr175Ala, Thr343Met, Thr484Ala, Ser616Pro and Pro689Leu) in response to insulin or leptin cell stimulation. Two of these were identified in own mutation screens, the others were predicted to be deleterious or to serve as controls. The variants were analyzed in a homologous system of mouse hypothalamic cells. Changes in expression of downstream genes were measured. Student’s t-test for independent samples was applied and effect sizes using Cohen’s d were calculated. RESULTS In 34 of 54 analyzed genes involved in leptin (JAK/STAT or AKT) signaling, variants nominally changed expression. The expression of three genes was considerably increased (p values ≤ 0.001: Gbp2b (67Cys; d = 25.11), Irf9 (689Leu; d = 44.65) and Isg15 (150Arg; d = 20.35)). Of 32 analyzed genes in the insulin signaling pathway, the expression of 10 genes nominally changed (p ≤ 0.05), three resulted in p values ≤ 0.01 ( Cap1 (150Arg; d = 7.48), Mapk1 (343Met; d = –6.80) and Sorbs1 (689Leu; d = 7.82)). CONCLUSION The increased expression of genes in leptin (JAK/STAT or AKT) signaling implies that the main mode of action for human SH2B1 mutations might affect leptin signaling rather than insulin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Giuranna
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Anna-Lena Volckmar
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna Heinen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Triinu Peters
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Börge Schmidt
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (IMIBE), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Anne Spieker
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Helena Straub
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Harald Grallert
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Timo D. Müller
- Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz-Zentrum Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jochen Antel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ute Haußmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Hans Klafki
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Rui Liangyou
- Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Johannes Hebebrand
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Anke Hinney
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- *Prof. Dr. Anke Hinney, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Wickenburgstraße 21, 45147 Essen, Germany,
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Wang Y, Ma C, Sun Y, Li Y, Kang L, Jiang Y. Dynamic transcriptome and DNA methylome analyses on longissimus dorsi to identify genes underlying intramuscular fat content in pigs. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:780. [PMID: 29025412 PMCID: PMC5639760 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-4201-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The intramuscular fat content (IMF) refers to the amount of fat within muscles, including the sum of phospholipids mainly found in cell membranes, triglycerides and cholesterol, and is determined both by hyperplasia and hypertrophy of adipocyte during the development of pigs. The IMF content is an important economic trait that is genetically controlled by multiple genes. The Laiwu pig is an indigenous fatty pig breed distributed in North China, characterized by excessively higher level of IMF content (9%~12%), therefore, is suitable for the identification of genes controlling IMF variations. To identify genes underlying IMF deposition, we performed genome-wide transcriptome and methylome analyses on longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle in Laiwu pigs across four developmental stages. Results A total of 22,524 expressed genes were detected and 1158 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were hierarchically clustered in the LD muscle over four developmental stages from 60 d to 400 d. These genes were significantly clustered into four temporal expression profiles, and genes participating in fat cell differentiation and lipid biosynthesis processes were identified. From 120 d to 240 d, the period with the maximum IMF deposition rate, the lipid biosynthesis related genes (FOSL1, FAM213B and G0S2), transcription factors (TFs) (EGR1, KLF5, SREBF2, TP53 and TWIST1) and enriched pathways (steroid biosynthesis and fatty acid biosynthesis) were revealed; and fat biosynthesis relevant genes showing differences in DNA methylation in gene body or intergenic region were detected, such as FASN, PVALB, ID2, SH3PXD2B and EGR1. Conclusions This study provides a comprehensive landscape of transcriptome of the LD muscle in Laiwu pigs ranging from 60 to 400 days old, and methylome of the LD muscle in 120 d and 240 d Laiwu pigs. A set of candidate genes and TFs involved in fat biosynthesis process were identified, which were probably responsible for IMF deposition. The results from this study would provide a reference for the identification of genes controlling IMF variation, and for exploring molecular mechanisms underlying IMF deposition in pigs. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-017-4201-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuding Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Taian, 271018, People's Republic of China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Cai Ma
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Taian, 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Sun
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Taian, 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Li
- Central Hospital of Taian, Taian, 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Kang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Taian, 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunliang Jiang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, No. 61 Daizong Street, Taian, 271018, People's Republic of China.
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Khudyakov JI, Champagne CD, Meneghetti LM, Crocker DE. Blubber transcriptome response to acute stress axis activation involves transient changes in adipogenesis and lipolysis in a fasting-adapted marine mammal. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42110. [PMID: 28186107 PMCID: PMC5301240 DOI: 10.1038/srep42110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress can compromise an animal’s ability to conserve metabolic stores and participate in energy-demanding activities that are critical for fitness. Understanding how wild animals, especially those already experiencing physiological extremes (e.g. fasting), regulate stress responses is critical for evaluating the impacts of anthropogenic disturbance on physiology and fitness, key challenges for conservation. However, studies of stress in wildlife are often limited to baseline endocrine measurements and few have investigated stress effects in fasting-adapted species. We examined downstream molecular consequences of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activation by exogenous adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in blubber of northern elephant seals due to the ease of blubber sampling and its key role in metabolic regulation in marine mammals. We report the first phocid blubber transcriptome produced by RNAseq, containing over 140,000 annotated transcripts, including metabolic and adipocytokine genes of interest. The acute response of blubber to stress axis activation, measured 2 hours after ACTH administration, involved highly specific, transient (lasting <24 hours) induction of gene networks that promote lipolysis and adipogenesis in mammalian adipocytes. Differentially expressed genes included key adipogenesis factors which can be used as blubber-specific markers of acute stress in marine mammals of concern for which sampling of other tissues is not possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- J I Khudyakov
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of the Pacific, 3601 Pacific Avenue, Stockton, CA 95211, USA.,National Marine Mammal Foundation, 2240 Shelter Island Drive Suite 200, San Diego, CA 92106, USA
| | - C D Champagne
- National Marine Mammal Foundation, 2240 Shelter Island Drive Suite 200, San Diego, CA 92106, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, 1 Monarch Way, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
| | - L M Meneghetti
- Department of Biology, Sonoma State University, 1801 E Cotati Avenue, Rohnert Park, CA 94928, USA
| | - D E Crocker
- Department of Biology, Sonoma State University, 1801 E Cotati Avenue, Rohnert Park, CA 94928, USA
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Liu ZQ, Song XM, Chen QT, Liu T, Teng JT, Zhou K, Luo DQ. Effect of metformin on global gene expression in liver of KKAy mice. Pharmacol Rep 2016; 68:1332-1338. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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23
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Chang TJ, Wang WC, Hsiung CA, He CT, Lin MW, Sheu WHH, Chang YC, Quertermous T, Chen I, Rotter J, Chuang LM. Genetic Variation in the Human SORBS1 Gene is Associated With Blood Pressure Regulation and Age at Onset of Hypertension: A SAPPHIRe Cohort Study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e2970. [PMID: 26962801 PMCID: PMC4998882 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000002970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Essential hypertension is a complex disease involving multiple genetic and environmental factors. A human gene containing a sorbin homology domain and 3 SH3 domains in the C-terminal region, termed SORBS1, plays a significant role in insulin signaling. We previously found a significant association between the T228A polymorphism and insulin resistance, obesity, and type 2 diabetes. It has been hypothesized that a set of genes responsible for insulin resistance may be closely linked with genes susceptible to the development of hypertension. Identification of insulin resistance-related genetic factors may, therefore, enhance our understanding of essential hypertension. This study aimed to examine whether common SORBS1 genetic variations are associated with blood pressure and age at onset of hypertension in an ethnic Chinese cohort.We genotyped 9 common tagged single nucleotide polymorphisms of the SORBS1 gene in 1136 subjects of Chinese origin from the Stanford Asia-Pacific Program for Hypertension and Insulin Resistance family study. Blood pressure was measured upon enrolment. The associations of the SORBS1 single nucleotide polymorphisms with blood pressure and the presence of hypertension were analyzed with a generalized estimating equation model. We used the false-discovery rate measure Q value with a cutoff <0.1 to adjust for multiple comparisons. In the Cox regression analysis for hypertension-free survival, a robust sandwich variance estimator was used to deal with the within-family correlations with age at onset of hypertension. Gender, body mass index, and antihypertension medication were adjustment covariates in the Cox regression analysis.In this study, genetic variants of rs2281939 and rs2274490 were significantly associated with both systolic and diastolic blood pressure. A genetic variant of rs2274490 was also significantly associated with the presence of hypertension. Furthermore, genetic variants of rs2281939 and rs2274490 were associated with age at onset of hypertension after adjustment for gender, body mass index, and antihypertension medication.In conclusion, we provide evidence for an association between common SORBS1 genetic variations and blood pressure, presence of hypertension, and age at onset of hypertension. The biological mechanism of genetic variation associated with blood pressure regulation needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tien-Jyun Chang
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (T-JC, Y-CC, L-MC); The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan (W-CW); Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan (W-CW, C-AH); Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (C-TH); Institute of Public Health, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan (M-WL); Department of Medical Research & Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan (M-WL); Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan (WH-HS); Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, National Taiwan University Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan (Y-CC); Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Falk CVRC, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (TQ); Los Angles Biomedical Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA (IC, JR); Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan (L-MC)
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Song H, Wu T, Xu D, Chu Q, Lin D, Zheng X. Dietary sweet cherry anthocyanins attenuates diet-induced hepatic steatosis by improving hepatic lipid metabolism in mice. Nutrition 2016; 32:827-33. [PMID: 27158052 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2016.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Revised: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Anthocyanins have been reported to have beneficial effects on obesity and obesity-related metabolic disorders (e.g., insulin resistance and dyslipidemia). The objective of this study was to examine the beneficial effects of sweet cherry anthocyanins (SWCN) on high-fat diet-induced liver steatosis and investigate the underlying molecular mechanism. METHODS C57 BL/6 J mice were fed low-fat diet, high-fat diet, or high-fat diet supplemented with SWCN of 200 mg/kg for 15 wk. The hepatic gene expression profile was analyzed by DNA microarray analysis. RESULTS SWCN supplementation alleviated high-fat diet-induced liver steatosis in mice. Microarray analysis of hepatic gene expression profiles indicated that SWCN treatment significantly changed the expression profiles of 1119 genes which were enriched in 16 pathways, such as PPAR signaling pathway, steroid biosynthesis, fatty acid metabolism, and biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids. CONCLUSION These results confirmed the previous findings regarding the occurrence and development of hepatic steatosis under high-fat-diet conditions, elucidated that SWCN protected from diet-induced hepatic steatosis and the beneficial effects might be involved in multiple molecular pathways, especially the PPARγ pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haizhao Song
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Food Sciences & Bioengineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Dongdong Xu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Chu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Dingbo Lin
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P. R. China.
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Kim SJ, Chae S, Kim H, Mun DG, Back S, Choi HY, Park KS, Hwang D, Choi SH, Lee SW. A protein profile of visceral adipose tissues linked to early pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Mol Cell Proteomics 2014; 13:811-22. [PMID: 24403596 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m113.035501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is increasingly recognized as an endocrine organ playing important pathophysiological roles in metabolic abnormalities, such as obesity, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In particular, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), as opposed to subcutaneous adipose tissue, is closely linked to the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and T2DM. Despite the importance of VAT, its molecular signatures related to the pathogenesis of T2DM have not been systematically explored. Here, we present comprehensive proteomic analysis of VATs in drug-naïve early T2DM patients and subjects with normal glucose tolerance. A total of 4,707 proteins were identified in LC-MS/MS experiments. Among them, 444 increased in abundance in T2DM and 328 decreased. They are involved in T2DM-related processes including inflammatory responses, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signaling, oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid oxidation, and glucose metabolism. Of these proteins, we selected 11 VAT proteins that can represent alteration in early T2DM patients. Among them, up-regulation of FABP4, C1QA, S100A8, and SORBS1 and down-regulation of ACADL and PLIN4 were confirmed in VAT samples of independent early T2DM patients using Western blot. In summary, our profiling provided a comprehensive basis for understanding the link of a protein profile of VAT to early pathogenesis of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Jin Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 136-701, Republic of Korea
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Verma SK, Deshmukh V, Liu P, Nutter CA, Espejo R, Hung ML, Wang GS, Yeo GW, Kuyumcu-Martinez MN. Reactivation of fetal splicing programs in diabetic hearts is mediated by protein kinase C signaling. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:35372-86. [PMID: 24151077 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.507426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy is one of the complications of diabetes that eventually leads to heart failure and death. Aberrant activation of PKC signaling contributes to diabetic cardiomyopathy by mechanisms that are poorly understood. Previous reports indicate that PKC is implicated in alternative splicing regulation. Therefore, we wanted to test whether PKC activation in diabetic hearts induces alternative splicing abnormalities. Here, using RNA sequencing we identified a set of 22 alternative splicing events that undergo a developmental switch in splicing, and we confirmed that splicing reverts to an embryonic pattern in adult diabetic hearts. This network of genes has important functions in RNA metabolism and in developmental processes such as differentiation. Importantly, PKC isozymes α/β control alternative splicing of these genes via phosphorylation and up-regulation of the RNA-binding proteins CELF1 and Rbfox2. Using a mutant of CELF1, we show that phosphorylation of CELF1 by PKC is necessary for regulation of splicing events altered in diabetes. In summary, our studies indicate that activation of PKCα/β in diabetic hearts contributes to the genome-wide splicing changes through phosphorylation and up-regulation of CELF1/Rbfox2 proteins. These findings provide a basis for PKC-mediated cardiac pathogenesis under diabetic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil K Verma
- From the Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and
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27
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Pettersson AML, Stenson BM, Lorente-Cebrián S, Andersson DP, Mejhert N, Krätzel J, Aström G, Dahlman I, Chibalin AV, Arner P, Laurencikiene J. LXR is a negative regulator of glucose uptake in human adipocytes. Diabetologia 2013; 56:2044-54. [PMID: 23765184 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-013-2954-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Accepted: 05/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Obesity increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus, characterised by impaired insulin-mediated glucose uptake in peripheral tissues. Liver X receptor (LXR) is a positive regulator of adipocyte glucose transport in murine models and a possible target for diabetes treatment. However, the levels of LXRα are increased in obese adipose tissue in humans. We aimed to investigate the transcriptome of LXR and the role of LXR in the regulation of glucose uptake in primary human adipocytes. METHODS The insulin responsiveness of human adipocytes differentiated in vitro was characterised, adipocytes were treated with the LXR agonist GW3965 and global transcriptome profiling was determined by microarray, followed by quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR), western blot and ELISA. Basal and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake was measured and the effect on plasma membrane translocation of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) was assayed. RESULTS LXR activation resulted in transcriptional suppression of several insulin signalling genes, such as AKT2, SORBS1 and CAV1, but caused only minor changes (<15%) in microRNA expression. Activation of LXR impaired the plasma membrane translocation of GLUT4, but not the expression of its gene, SLC2A4. LXR activation also diminished insulin-stimulated glucose transport and lipogenesis in adipocytes obtained from overweight individuals. Furthermore, AKT2 expression was reduced in obese adipose tissue, and AKT2 and SORBS1 expression was inversely correlated with BMI and HOMA index. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION In contrast to murine models, LXR downregulates insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in human adipocytes from overweight individuals. This could be due to suppression of Akt2, c-Cbl-associated protein and caveolin-1. These findings challenge the idea of LXR as a drug target in the treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M L Pettersson
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Hälsovägen 7, Novum, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Divergent effects of a CLA-enriched beef diet on metabolic health in ApoE−/− and ob/ob mice. J Nutr Biochem 2013; 24:401-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2011.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2011] [Revised: 12/01/2011] [Accepted: 12/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Snyder EE, Walts B, Pérusse L, Chagnon YC, Weisnagel SJ, Rankinen T, Bouchard C. The Human Obesity Gene Map: The 2003 Update. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 12:369-439. [PMID: 15044658 DOI: 10.1038/oby.2004.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
This is the tenth update of the human obesity gene map, incorporating published results up to the end of October 2003 and continuing the previous format. Evidence from single-gene mutation obesity cases, Mendelian disorders exhibiting obesity as a clinical feature, quantitative trait loci (QTLs) from human genome-wide scans and animal crossbreeding experiments, and association and linkage studies with candidate genes and other markers is reviewed. Transgenic and knockout murine models relevant to obesity are also incorporated (N = 55). As of October 2003, 41 Mendelian syndromes relevant to human obesity have been mapped to a genomic region, and causal genes or strong candidates have been identified for most of these syndromes. QTLs reported from animal models currently number 183. There are 208 human QTLs for obesity phenotypes from genome-wide scans and candidate regions in targeted studies. A total of 35 genomic regions harbor QTLs replicated among two to five studies. Attempts to relate DNA sequence variation in specific genes to obesity phenotypes continue to grow, with 272 studies reporting positive associations with 90 candidate genes. Fifteen such candidate genes are supported by at least five positive studies. The obesity gene map shows putative loci on all chromosomes except Y. Overall, more than 430 genes, markers, and chromosomal regions have been associated or linked with human obesity phenotypes. The electronic version of the map with links to useful sites can be found at http://obesitygene.pbrc.edu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric E Snyder
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808-4124, USA
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Pérusse L, Rankinen T, Zuberi A, Chagnon YC, Weisnagel SJ, Argyropoulos G, Walts B, Snyder EE, Bouchard C. The Human Obesity Gene Map: The 2004 Update. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 13:381-490. [PMID: 15833932 DOI: 10.1038/oby.2005.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents the eleventh update of the human obesity gene map, which incorporates published results up to the end of October 2004. Evidence from single-gene mutation obesity cases, Mendelian disorders exhibiting obesity as a clinical feature, transgenic and knockout murine models relevant to obesity, quantitative trait loci (QTLs) from animal cross-breeding experiments, association studies with candidate genes, and linkages from genome scans is reviewed. As of October 2004, 173 human obesity cases due to single-gene mutations in 10 different genes have been reported, and 49 loci related to Mendelian syndromes relevant to human obesity have been mapped to a genomic region, and causal genes or strong candidates have been identified for most of these syndromes. There are 166 genes which, when mutated or expressed as transgenes in the mouse, result in phenotypes that affect body weight and adiposity. The number of QTLs reported from animal models currently reaches 221. The number of human obesity QTLs derived from genome scans continues to grow, and we have now 204 QTLs for obesity-related phenotypes from 50 genome-wide scans. A total of 38 genomic regions harbor QTLs replicated among two to four studies. The number of studies reporting associations between DNA sequence variation in specific genes and obesity phenotypes has also increased considerably with 358 findings of positive associations with 113 candidate genes. Among them, 18 genes are supported by at least five positive studies. The obesity gene map shows putative loci on all chromosomes except Y. Overall, >600 genes, markers, and chromosomal regions have been associated or linked with human obesity phenotypes. The electronic version of the map with links to useful publications and genomic and other relevant sites can be found at http://obesitygene.pbrc.edu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Pérusse
- Division of Kinesiology, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Sainte-Foy, Québec, Canada
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31
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Identification and characterization of genes related to the development of breast muscles in Pekin duck. Mol Biol Rep 2012; 39:7647-55. [PMID: 22451153 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-012-1599-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2011] [Accepted: 01/31/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Pekin Duck is world-famous for its fast growth, but its breast muscle development is later and breast muscle content is lower compared with other muscular ducks. Therefore, it is very important to discover the genetic mechanism between breast muscle development and relative gene expression in Pekin duck. In current study, the genes which have relationships with breast muscle development were identified by suppression subtractive hybridization. A total of 403 positive clones were sequenced and 257 unigenes were obtained. The expression of 23 genes were analyzed in the breast muscle of 2-, 4-, 6-, 8- week old Pekin ducks. The results showed that unknown clone A233, C83 and C99 showed descending tendency as age increased; KBTBD10, HSPA8, MYL1, ZFP622, MARCH4, Nexilin, FABP4 and MUSTN1 had high expression levels at 6 weeks old; WAC, NT5C3, HSP90AA1, MRPL33, KLF6, TSNAX, CDC42EP3, HSPA4, TRAK1, NR2F2, HAUS1 and IGF1 had high expression levels at 8 weeks and showed ascending tendency as age increased. Expression of these 23 genes were also analyzed in breast muscle, leg muscle, heart, kidney, liver, muscular stomach and sebum cutaneum in 4-8-week old Pekin duck and results showed that most of these genes had high expression in breast muscle, leg muscle and heart.
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32
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Do R, Bailey SD, Paré G, Montpetit A, Desbiens K, Hudson TJ, Yusuf S, Bouchard C, Gaudet D, Pérusse L, Anand S, Vohl MC, Pastinen T, Engert JC. Fine Mapping of the Insulin-Induced Gene 2 Identifies a Variant Associated With LDL Cholesterol and Total Apolipoprotein B Levels. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 3:454-61. [DOI: 10.1161/circgenetics.109.917039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Background—
In a whole-genome scan, a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (rs7566605) upstream of the insulin-induced gene 2 (
INSIG2
) was shown to influence body mass index and obesity in the Framingham Heart Study, with replication of these results in an additional 4 of 5 studies. However, other studies could not replicate the association. Because
INSIG2
plays an important role in cholesterol biosynthesis, we hypothesized that human
INSIG2
variants might play a role in the regulation of plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels.
Methods and Results—
We selected tagging SNPs spanning >100 kb of
INSIG2
locus and sequenced 18 434 base pairs to discover novel SNPs. Thirty-two SNPs were genotyped in 645 individuals from the Quebec Family Study. Two SNPs (rs10490626 and rs12464355) were associated with plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (
P
<0.0015) and total apolipoprotein B (apoB) levels (
P
<0.014), whereas no association was found between any SNP and body mass index. We replicated the finding of rs10490626 for both LDL-C and total apoB in additional study samples, including 758 individuals from Saguenay–Lac St. Jean, Quebec (
P
=0.040 for LDL-C,
P
=0.044 for apoB), 3247 Europeans (
P
=0.028 for LDL-C,
P
=0.030 for apoB), and 1695 South Asians (
P
=0.0036 for LDL-C,
P
=0.034 for apoB) from the INTERHEART study (for LDL-C, the combined 2-sided
P
=6.2×10
−5
and for total apoB,
P
=0.0011). Furthermore, we identified a variant in the human sorbin and SH
3
-domain–containing-1 gene that was associated with
INSIG2
mRNA levels, and this SNP was shown to act in combination with rs10490626 to affect LDL-C (
P
=0.022) in the Quebec Family Study and in INTERHEART South Asians (
P
=0.019) and Europeans (
P
=0.052).
Conclusion—
These results suggest that
INSIG2
genetic variants may have a more direct role in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism than in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ron Do
- From the Department of Human Genetics (R.D., S.D.B, G.P., T.P., J.C.E.), McGill University, McGill University and Genome Québec Innovation Centre (G.P., A.M., T.J.H., T.P.); and Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre (K.D., J.C.E.), Montreal, Canada; Pennington Biomedical Research Center (C.B.), Baton Rouge, La; Department of Medicine (D.G.), University of Montreal, and ECOGENE-21 Clinical Research Center, Chicoutimi Hospital; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (L.P.),
| | - Swneke D. Bailey
- From the Department of Human Genetics (R.D., S.D.B, G.P., T.P., J.C.E.), McGill University, McGill University and Genome Québec Innovation Centre (G.P., A.M., T.J.H., T.P.); and Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre (K.D., J.C.E.), Montreal, Canada; Pennington Biomedical Research Center (C.B.), Baton Rouge, La; Department of Medicine (D.G.), University of Montreal, and ECOGENE-21 Clinical Research Center, Chicoutimi Hospital; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (L.P.),
| | - Guillaume Paré
- From the Department of Human Genetics (R.D., S.D.B, G.P., T.P., J.C.E.), McGill University, McGill University and Genome Québec Innovation Centre (G.P., A.M., T.J.H., T.P.); and Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre (K.D., J.C.E.), Montreal, Canada; Pennington Biomedical Research Center (C.B.), Baton Rouge, La; Department of Medicine (D.G.), University of Montreal, and ECOGENE-21 Clinical Research Center, Chicoutimi Hospital; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (L.P.),
| | - Alexandre Montpetit
- From the Department of Human Genetics (R.D., S.D.B, G.P., T.P., J.C.E.), McGill University, McGill University and Genome Québec Innovation Centre (G.P., A.M., T.J.H., T.P.); and Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre (K.D., J.C.E.), Montreal, Canada; Pennington Biomedical Research Center (C.B.), Baton Rouge, La; Department of Medicine (D.G.), University of Montreal, and ECOGENE-21 Clinical Research Center, Chicoutimi Hospital; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (L.P.),
| | - Katia Desbiens
- From the Department of Human Genetics (R.D., S.D.B, G.P., T.P., J.C.E.), McGill University, McGill University and Genome Québec Innovation Centre (G.P., A.M., T.J.H., T.P.); and Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre (K.D., J.C.E.), Montreal, Canada; Pennington Biomedical Research Center (C.B.), Baton Rouge, La; Department of Medicine (D.G.), University of Montreal, and ECOGENE-21 Clinical Research Center, Chicoutimi Hospital; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (L.P.),
| | - Thomas J. Hudson
- From the Department of Human Genetics (R.D., S.D.B, G.P., T.P., J.C.E.), McGill University, McGill University and Genome Québec Innovation Centre (G.P., A.M., T.J.H., T.P.); and Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre (K.D., J.C.E.), Montreal, Canada; Pennington Biomedical Research Center (C.B.), Baton Rouge, La; Department of Medicine (D.G.), University of Montreal, and ECOGENE-21 Clinical Research Center, Chicoutimi Hospital; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (L.P.),
| | - Salim Yusuf
- From the Department of Human Genetics (R.D., S.D.B, G.P., T.P., J.C.E.), McGill University, McGill University and Genome Québec Innovation Centre (G.P., A.M., T.J.H., T.P.); and Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre (K.D., J.C.E.), Montreal, Canada; Pennington Biomedical Research Center (C.B.), Baton Rouge, La; Department of Medicine (D.G.), University of Montreal, and ECOGENE-21 Clinical Research Center, Chicoutimi Hospital; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (L.P.),
| | - Claude Bouchard
- From the Department of Human Genetics (R.D., S.D.B, G.P., T.P., J.C.E.), McGill University, McGill University and Genome Québec Innovation Centre (G.P., A.M., T.J.H., T.P.); and Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre (K.D., J.C.E.), Montreal, Canada; Pennington Biomedical Research Center (C.B.), Baton Rouge, La; Department of Medicine (D.G.), University of Montreal, and ECOGENE-21 Clinical Research Center, Chicoutimi Hospital; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (L.P.),
| | - Daniel Gaudet
- From the Department of Human Genetics (R.D., S.D.B, G.P., T.P., J.C.E.), McGill University, McGill University and Genome Québec Innovation Centre (G.P., A.M., T.J.H., T.P.); and Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre (K.D., J.C.E.), Montreal, Canada; Pennington Biomedical Research Center (C.B.), Baton Rouge, La; Department of Medicine (D.G.), University of Montreal, and ECOGENE-21 Clinical Research Center, Chicoutimi Hospital; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (L.P.),
| | - Louis Pérusse
- From the Department of Human Genetics (R.D., S.D.B, G.P., T.P., J.C.E.), McGill University, McGill University and Genome Québec Innovation Centre (G.P., A.M., T.J.H., T.P.); and Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre (K.D., J.C.E.), Montreal, Canada; Pennington Biomedical Research Center (C.B.), Baton Rouge, La; Department of Medicine (D.G.), University of Montreal, and ECOGENE-21 Clinical Research Center, Chicoutimi Hospital; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (L.P.),
| | - Sonia Anand
- From the Department of Human Genetics (R.D., S.D.B, G.P., T.P., J.C.E.), McGill University, McGill University and Genome Québec Innovation Centre (G.P., A.M., T.J.H., T.P.); and Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre (K.D., J.C.E.), Montreal, Canada; Pennington Biomedical Research Center (C.B.), Baton Rouge, La; Department of Medicine (D.G.), University of Montreal, and ECOGENE-21 Clinical Research Center, Chicoutimi Hospital; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (L.P.),
| | - Marie-Claude Vohl
- From the Department of Human Genetics (R.D., S.D.B, G.P., T.P., J.C.E.), McGill University, McGill University and Genome Québec Innovation Centre (G.P., A.M., T.J.H., T.P.); and Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre (K.D., J.C.E.), Montreal, Canada; Pennington Biomedical Research Center (C.B.), Baton Rouge, La; Department of Medicine (D.G.), University of Montreal, and ECOGENE-21 Clinical Research Center, Chicoutimi Hospital; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (L.P.),
| | - Tomi Pastinen
- From the Department of Human Genetics (R.D., S.D.B, G.P., T.P., J.C.E.), McGill University, McGill University and Genome Québec Innovation Centre (G.P., A.M., T.J.H., T.P.); and Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre (K.D., J.C.E.), Montreal, Canada; Pennington Biomedical Research Center (C.B.), Baton Rouge, La; Department of Medicine (D.G.), University of Montreal, and ECOGENE-21 Clinical Research Center, Chicoutimi Hospital; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (L.P.),
| | - James C. Engert
- From the Department of Human Genetics (R.D., S.D.B, G.P., T.P., J.C.E.), McGill University, McGill University and Genome Québec Innovation Centre (G.P., A.M., T.J.H., T.P.); and Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre (K.D., J.C.E.), Montreal, Canada; Pennington Biomedical Research Center (C.B.), Baton Rouge, La; Department of Medicine (D.G.), University of Montreal, and ECOGENE-21 Clinical Research Center, Chicoutimi Hospital; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine (L.P.),
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Yamada Y, Ando F, Shimokata H. Association of polymorphisms of SORBS1, GCK and WISP1 with hypertension in community-dwelling Japanese individuals. Hypertens Res 2009; 32:325-31. [PMID: 19282865 DOI: 10.1038/hr.2009.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Although various loci and genes have been implicated in predisposition to hypertension by genetic linkage analyses and candidate gene association studies, the genes that confer susceptibility to this condition remain to be identified definitively. We have now examined the relationships of 22 candidate gene polymorphisms with the prevalence of hypertension and with blood pressure (BP) in a 6-year population-based longitudinal cohort study and observed significant relationships of three polymorphisms of SORBS1, GCK and WISP1 with hypertension. The 2233 subjects (1106 women, 1127 men) were aged 40-79 years and were randomly recruited to a population-based prospective cohort study of aging and age-related diseases in Japan. BP was measured with subjects having rested in the sitting position for at least 15 min. Genotypes for the 682A --> G (Thr228Ala) polymorphism of SORBS1, the -30G --> A polymorphism of GCK and the 2364A --> G polymorphism of WISP1 were determined by melting curve analysis. Longitudinal analysis with a generalized estimating equation revealed that the polymorphisms of SORBS1 and GCK and that of WISP1 were significantly associated with the prevalence of hypertension in women and men, respectively. Longitudinal analysis with a mixed-effect model revealed that the polymorphism of SORBS1 was significantly related to diastolic BP in women and that those of GCK and WISP1 were significantly related to both systolic and diastolic BP in women and men, respectively. These results suggest that SORBS1 and GCK are susceptibility loci for hypertension in Japanese women and that WISP1 is such a locus in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiji Yamada
- Department of Human Functional Genomics, Life Science Research Center, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan.
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34
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Hagiwara N, Kitazono T, Kamouchi M, Kuroda J, Ago T, Hata J, Ninomiya T, Ooboshi H, Kumai Y, Yoshimura S, Tamaki K, Fujii K, Nagao T, Okada Y, Toyoda K, Nakane H, Sugimori H, Yamashita Y, Wakugawa Y, Kubo M, Tanizaki Y, Kiyohara Y, Ibayashi S, Iida M. Polymorphism in the sorbin and SH3-domain-containing-1 (SORBS1) gene and the risk of brain infarction in the Japanese population: the Fukuoka Stroke Registry and the Hisayama study. Eur J Neurol 2008; 15:481-6. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2008.02105.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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35
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Abstract
Obesity is the result of an imbalance between food intake and energy expenditure resulting in the storing of energy as fat. Adipose tissue contains the largest store of energy in the body and plays important roles in regulating energy partitioning. Developments in genomics, in particular microarray-based expression profiling, have provided scientists with a number of new candidate genes whose expression in adipose tissue is regulated by obesity. Integrating expression profiles with genome-wide linkage and/or association analyses is a promising strategy to identify new genes underlying susceptibility to obesity. This article provides a comprehensive review of adipose-tissue-expressed genes implicated in predisposition to human obesity. The authors consider the following genes of particular interest: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and, potentially, INSIG2 acting in adipogenesis; the adrenoreceptors beta 2 and 3, as well as hormone-sensitive lipase acting on lipolysis; uncoupling protein 2 acting in mitochondria energy expenditure; and among secreted molecules the cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha and the hormone leptin. With the rapid development in genome research, we predict that additional alleles in genes regulating adipose tissue function will be established as risk factors for common obesity in the coming years. This has important implications for the prevention of obesity and may also offer new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Dahlman
- Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
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36
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Zhang M, Liu J, Cheng A, DeYoung SM, Chen X, Dold LH, Saltiel AR. CAP interacts with cytoskeletal proteins and regulates adhesion-mediated ERK activation and motility. EMBO J 2006; 25:5284-93. [PMID: 17082770 PMCID: PMC1636617 DOI: 10.1038/sj.emboj.7601406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2006] [Accepted: 10/05/2006] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
CAP/Ponsin belongs to the SoHo family of adaptor molecules that includes ArgBP2 and Vinexin. These proteins possess an N-terminal sorbin homology (SoHo) domain and three C-terminal SH3 domains that bind to diverse signaling molecules involved in a variety of cellular processes. Here, we show that CAP binds to the cytoskeletal proteins paxillin and vinculin. CAP localizes to cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) adhesion sites, and this process requires binding to vinculin. Overexpression of CAP induces the aggregation of paxillin, vinculin and actin at cell-ECM adhesion sites. Moreover, CAP inhibits adhesion-dependent processes such as cell spreading and focal adhesion turnover, whereas a CAP mutant that is unable to localize to cell-ECM adhesion sites is incapable of exerting these effects. Finally, depletion of CAP by siRNA-mediated knockdown leads to enhanced cell spreading, migration and the activation of the PAK/MEK/ERK pathway in REF52 cells. Taken together, these results indicate that CAP is a cytoskeletal adaptor protein involved in modulating adhesion-mediated signaling events that lead to cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Physiology, Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Physiology, Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Alan Cheng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Physiology, Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Stephanie M DeYoung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Physiology, Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Xiaowei Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Physiology, Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Lisa H Dold
- Department of Internal Medicine, Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Physiology, Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Alan R Saltiel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Physiology, Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Physiology, Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, 210 Washtenaw Ave, 3rd Floor, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. Tel.: +1 734 615 9787; Fax: +1 734 763 6492; E-mail:
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37
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Meimaridou E, Afzal S, Nowotny P, Goate A, Killick R, Lovestone S. P1–413: SORBS1, c–ABL and c–CBL; insulin signalling proteins in Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2006.05.792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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38
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Rankinen T, Zuberi A, Chagnon YC, Weisnagel SJ, Argyropoulos G, Walts B, Pérusse L, Bouchard C. The human obesity gene map: the 2005 update. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2006; 14:529-644. [PMID: 16741264 DOI: 10.1038/oby.2006.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 685] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents the 12th update of the human obesity gene map, which incorporates published results up to the end of October 2005. Evidence from single-gene mutation obesity cases, Mendelian disorders exhibiting obesity as a clinical feature, transgenic and knockout murine models relevant to obesity, quantitative trait loci (QTL) from animal cross-breeding experiments, association studies with candidate genes, and linkages from genome scans is reviewed. As of October 2005, 176 human obesity cases due to single-gene mutations in 11 different genes have been reported, 50 loci related to Mendelian syndromes relevant to human obesity have been mapped to a genomic region, and causal genes or strong candidates have been identified for most of these syndromes. There are 244 genes that, when mutated or expressed as transgenes in the mouse, result in phenotypes that affect body weight and adiposity. The number of QTLs reported from animal models currently reaches 408. The number of human obesity QTLs derived from genome scans continues to grow, and we now have 253 QTLs for obesity-related phenotypes from 61 genome-wide scans. A total of 52 genomic regions harbor QTLs supported by two or more studies. The number of studies reporting associations between DNA sequence variation in specific genes and obesity phenotypes has also increased considerably, with 426 findings of positive associations with 127 candidate genes. A promising observation is that 22 genes are each supported by at least five positive studies. The obesity gene map shows putative loci on all chromosomes except Y. The electronic version of the map with links to useful publications and relevant sites can be found at http://obesitygene.pbrc.edu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuomo Rankinen
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70808-4124, USA
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39
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Guo L, Tabrizchi R. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma as a drug target in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. Pharmacol Ther 2005; 111:145-73. [PMID: 16305809 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2005.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2005] [Accepted: 10/03/2005] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand-activated transcription factors that belong to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily. The activation of PPAR-gamma, an isotype of PPARs, can either increase or decrease the transcription of target genes. The genes controlled by this form of PPAR have been shown to encode proteins or peptides that participate in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. Insulin resistance is defined as a state of reduced responsiveness to normal circulating concentrations of insulin and it often co-exists with central obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and atherosclerosis. There is substantial evidence that links obesity with insulin resistance and type-2 diabetes. The early phase of obesity-related insulin resistance has 2 components: (a) interruption of lipid homeostasis leading to the increased plasma concentration of fatty acids that is normally suppressed by the activation of PPAR-gamma, and (b) activation of factors such as cytokines depressed by PPAR-gamma that cause insulin resistance. Therefore, it is logical to suggest that activation of PPAR-gamma may partially reverse the state of insulin resistance. Evidently, activation of the nuclear receptor, PPAR-gamma, by thiazolidinediones has been reported to ameliorate insulin resistance. Although hepatotoxity and possibility to induce congestive heart failure (CHF) limit the widely use of thiazolodinediones, they are still powerful weapon to fight against insulin resistance and type-2 diabetes if use properly. This article reviews the physiology of PPAR-gamma and insulin-signaling transduction, the pathogenesis of insulin resistance in obesity-related type-2 diabetes, the pharmacological role of PPAR-gamma in insulin resistance, and additional effects of thiazolidinediones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Guo
- Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada A1B 3V6
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40
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Diamanti-Kandarakis E, Piperi C. Genetics of polycystic ovary syndrome: searching for the way out of the labyrinth. Hum Reprod Update 2005; 11:631-43. [PMID: 15994846 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmi025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex and heterogeneous disorder presenting a challenge for clinical investigators. It is the most common endocrine disorder of women in reproductive age, a multifaceted reproductive, cosmetic and metabolic problem, with an enigmatic pathophysiological and molecular basis. Although the familial segregation has been noticed very early in the description of the syndrome and family studies in first-degree relatives of women diagnosed with PCOS reveal clustering of the disease, the genetic studies have not as yet determine the pattern of heredity. Part of the problem in genetic studies has been the lack of uniform criteria for diagnosis, heterogeneity of phenotypic features and the fact that the disorder is only expressed clinically in women during their reproductive years. Even within affected families and between sisters with polycystic ovaries, there is heterogeneity in presentation. However, regardless of diagnostic criteria used to identify profanes and to determine affected status in the kindred, the foundation of genetic studies suggests a strong familial component. Currently, PCOS is considered a polygenic trait that might result from the interaction of susceptible and protective genomic variants under the influence of environmental factors, whose role is under intensive investigation. Candidate genes cover a broad spectrum of an endless list of molecules which participate on every step of reproductive and metabolic pathways of this syndrome. Focused research in identification of these genes may provide valuable information and shed some light on the way out of the genomic labyrinth, elucidating the underlying pathophysiology and aiming at a more efficient therapeutic approach of this complicated endocrine disorder.
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41
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Escobar-Morreale HF, Luque-Ramírez M, San Millán JL. The molecular-genetic basis of functional hyperandrogenism and the polycystic ovary syndrome. Endocr Rev 2005; 26:251-82. [PMID: 15561799 DOI: 10.1210/er.2004-0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 246] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The genetic mechanisms underlying functional hyperandrogenism and the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) remain largely unknown. Given the large number of genetic variants found in association with these disorders, the emerging picture is that of a complex multigenic trait in which environmental influences play an important role in the expression of the hyperandrogenic phenotype. Among others, genomic variants in genes related to the regulation of androgen biosynthesis and function, insulin resistance, and the metabolic syndrome, and proinflammatory genotypes may be involved in the genetic predisposition to functional hyperandrogenism and PCOS. The elucidation of the molecular genetic basis of these disorders has been burdened by the heterogeneity in the diagnostic criteria used to define PCOS, the limited sample size of the studies conducted to date, and the lack of precision in the identification of ethnic and environmental factors that trigger the development of hyperandrogenic disorders. Progress in this area requires adequately sized multicenter collaborative studies after standardization of the diagnostic criteria used to classify hyperandrogenic patients, in whom modifying environmental factors such as ethnicity, diet, and lifestyle are identified with precision. In addition to classic molecular genetic techniques such as linkage analysis in the form of a whole-genome scan and large case-control studies, promising genomic and proteomic approaches will be paramount to our understanding of the pathogenesis of functional hyperandrogenism and PCOS, allowing a more precise prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of these prevalent disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor F Escobar-Morreale
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Carretera de Colmenar km 9'1, Madrid E-28034, Spain.
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Harney DF, Butler RK, Edwards RJ. Tyrosine phosphorylation of myosin heavy chain during skeletal muscle differentiation: an integrated bioinformatics approach. Theor Biol Med Model 2005; 2:12. [PMID: 15790426 PMCID: PMC1079951 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4682-2-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2005] [Accepted: 03/25/2005] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previously it has been shown that insulin-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation of myosin heavy chain is concomitant with enhanced association of C-terminal SRC kinase during skeletal muscle differentiation. We sought to identify putative site(s) for this phosphorylation event. RESULTS A combined bioinformatics approach of motif prediction and evolutionary and structural analyses identified tyrosines163 and 1856 of the skeletal muscle heavy chain as the leading candidate for the sites of insulin-mediated tyrosine phosphorylation. CONCLUSION Our work is suggestive that tyrosine phosphorylation of myosin heavy chain, whether in skeletal muscle or in platelets, is a significant event that may initiate cytoskeletal reorganization of muscle cells and platelets. Our studies provide a good starting point for further functional analysis of MHC phosphor-signalling events within different cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- DF Harney
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - RK Butler
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - RJ Edwards
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
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Palmer LJ, Buxbaum SG, Larkin EK, Patel SR, Elston RC, Tishler PV, Redline S. Whole genome scan for obstructive sleep apnea and obesity in African-American families. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2004; 169:1314-21. [PMID: 15070816 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.200304-493oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common, chronic disease associated with obesity. OSA and obesity are both prevalent in African Americans, who are also at increased risk for secondary complications. To identify susceptibility loci for OSA, we undertook a 9-centimorgans genome scan in 59 African-American pedigrees ascertained on the basis of either an affected individual with laboratory-confirmed disease or a proband who was a neighborhood control subject. Variance component linkage analysis was performed for the quantitative phenotypes apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and body mass index. A candidate region on chromosome 8q (logarithm of odds [LOD] = 1.29, p = 0.006) gave the only evidence for linkage to the AHI. Body mass index was linked to multiple regions, most significantly to markers on chromosome 4q (LOD = 2.63, p = 0.0006) and 8q (LOD = 2.56, p = 0.0007). Evidence of linkage to the AHI was only slightly reduced after adjustment for body mass index. After adjustment for the AHI, some of the primary linkages to body mass index were greatly reduced whereas others remained suggestive. Our results suggest that there are both shared and unshared genetic factors underlying susceptibility to OSA and obesity, and that the genetic determinants of obesity in this population may be modulated by apnea severity.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Black or African American/genetics
- Aged
- Body Mass Index
- Chromosome Mapping
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 12/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8/genetics
- Cohort Studies
- Family Health
- Female
- Genetic Linkage/genetics
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics
- Genome, Human
- Humans
- Lod Score
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Obesity/genetics
- Pedigree
- Phenotype
- Polysomnography
- Sex Factors
- Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/genetics
- Statistics as Topic
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyle J Palmer
- Western Australian Institute for Medical Research, Centre for Medical Research, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
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Roldán B, San Millán JL, Escobar-Morreale HF. Genetic Basis of Metabolic Abnormalities in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 4:93-107. [PMID: 15059032 DOI: 10.2165/00129785-200404020-00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common heterogeneous disorder characterized by hyperandrogenism and chronic anovulation. The syndrome is frequently associated with an increased risk for insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus; obesity exacerbates insulin resistance and favors the progression from impaired glucose tolerance to diabetes in these patients. In young women, precocious pubarche and hyperinsulinemia are early manifestations of PCOS. The familial clustering of women with PCOS suggests that heredity is implicated in the origin of the syndrome. However, genetic approaches to its pathogenesis have been hampered by the heterogeneity of phenotypic features within families, and the lack of uniform criteria for diagnosis. Currently, PCOS is considered a polygenic trait that might result from the interaction of susceptibility and protective genomic variants under the influence of environmental factors. Both linkage analysis and association studies are valid tools for the study of the genetics of PCOS. Candidate genes for PCOS include those related to androgenic pathways and metabolic associations of the syndrome. More recently, genes encoding inflammatory cytokines have been identified as target genes for PCOS, as proinflammatory genotypes and phenotypes are also associated with obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, PCOS, and increased cardiovascular risk. This paper reviews the candidate genes involved in the metabolic pathways that are altered in patients with PCOS. Despite a significant amount of research in this area, none of the genes studied so far has been identified as the PCOS susceptibility gene for the majority of cases. PCOS is the first component of the metabolic syndrome to be detected in many women, so the identification and correct diagnosis of PCOS has important preventive and therapeutic implications for the affected women and their families. In the future, new therapeutic approaches to PCOS will rely on knowing the genes, environmental influences, and etiologic mechanisms associated with the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belén Roldán
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
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Witchel SF, Trivedi RN, Kammerer C. Frequency of the T228A polymorphism in the SORBS1 gene in children with premature pubarche and in adolescent girls with hyperandrogenism. Fertil Steril 2003; 80:128-32. [PMID: 12849814 DOI: 10.1016/s0015-0282(03)00506-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Because the metabolic actions of insulin are more impaired than the mitogenic pathways in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), genes coding for proteins involved in insulin-mediated glucose transport can be considered as candidate genes. The sorbin and SH3-domain-containing-1 (SORBS1) gene codes for c-Cbl-associated protein (CAP) involved in insulin-mediated glucose uptake. An association study showed that a missense variant of the SORBS1 gene is protective against obesity and diabetes. We tested the hypothesis that the frequency of the protective allele would be decreased in children with premature pubarche and adolescent girls with hyperandrogenism. DESIGN Association study. SETTING Academic research environment. PATIENT(S) Children referred for the evaluation of premature pubarche (n = 79), adolescent girls with hyperandrogenism (n = 56), and healthy nondiabetic controls (n = 50). INTERVENTION(S) None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Frequency of the T228A allele in our patients and the relationship of body mass index to presence or absence of the T228A variant in our patient population. RESULT(S) Using allele-specific restriction fragment length polymorphism, allele frequencies were found to be similar among the premature pubarche, hyperandrogenism, and control groups (6.0%, 4.6%, and 8.0%, respectively). No statistically significant relationships were found between the SORBS1 genotypes and body mass index or hormone status. CONCLUSION(S) This SORBS1 polymorphism does not play a major role in premature pubarche, hyperandrogenism, and/or polycystic ovary syndrome in our patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selma F Witchel
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
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Yang WS, Lee WJ, Huang KC, Lee KC, Chao CL, Chen CL, Tai TY, Chuang LM. mRNA levels of the insulin-signaling molecule SORBS1 in the adipose depots of nondiabetic women. OBESITY RESEARCH 2003; 11:586-90. [PMID: 12690089 DOI: 10.1038/oby.2003.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The SORBS1 gene has been shown to be an important adaptor protein in the insulin-signaling pathway in many molecular and cellular biology studies. However, its roles in humans either in health or disease are rarely explored. In this report, we measured the SORBS1 mRNA levels in human adipose tissues. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES Adipose tissues of both the abdominal subcutaneous and omental depots were obtained from 62 nondiabetic women. The relative SORBS1 mRNA levels were quantified using real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS The relative SORBS1 mRNA levels from these two depots significantly correlated with each other (gamma = 0.85, p = 0.0000). The relative SORBS1 mRNA levels in the omental depots were lower than those in the subcutaneous depots (p = 0.053 by two-tailed test, p = 0.026 by one-tailed paired Student's t test). The mean SORBS1 expression level in the omental depots was approximately 70% that in the subcutaneous depots. Moreover, the relative SORBS1 mRNA levels in the omental depots were significantly related to BMI using either correlation analysis (gamma = -0.41, p = 0.0008) or multivariate linear regression analysis (beta = -0.20 +/- 0.09, p = 0.031) with adjustment for age, plasma glucose, serum insulin, triglyceride, and total cholesterol levels. DISCUSSION Our preliminary results indicate the depot-specific differential expression of SORBS1 in relation to BMI. Further investigation of the functional significance of this phenomenon in human obesity is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Shiung Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Chagnon YC, Rankinen T, Snyder EE, Weisnagel SJ, Pérusse L, Bouchard C. The human obesity gene map: the 2002 update. OBESITY RESEARCH 2003; 11:313-67. [PMID: 12634430 DOI: 10.1038/oby.2003.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This is the ninth update of the human obesity gene map, incorporating published results through October 2002 and continuing the previous format. Evidence from single-gene mutation obesity cases, Mendelian disorders exhibiting obesity as a clinical feature, quantitative trait loci (QTLs) from human genome-wide scans and various animal crossbreeding experiments, and association and linkage studies with candidate genes and other markers is reviewed. For the first time, transgenic and knockout murine models exhibiting obesity as a phenotype are incorporated (N = 38). As of October 2002, 33 Mendelian syndromes relevant to human obesity have been mapped to a genomic region, and the causal genes or strong candidates have been identified for 23 of these syndromes. QTLs reported from animal models currently number 168; there are 68 human QTLs for obesity phenotypes from genome-wide scans. Additionally, significant linkage peaks with candidate genes have been identified in targeted studies. Seven genomic regions harbor QTLs replicated among two to five studies. Attempts to relate DNA sequence variation in specific genes to obesity phenotypes continue to grow, with 222 studies reporting positive associations with 71 candidate genes. Fifteen such candidate genes are supported by at least five positive studies. The obesity gene map shows putative loci on all chromosomes except Y. More than 300 genes, markers, and chromosomal regions have been associated or linked with human obesity phenotypes. The electronic version of the map with links to useful sites can be found at http://obesitygene.pbrc.edu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvon C Chagnon
- Psychiatric Genetic Unit, Laval University Robert-Giffard Research Center, Beauport, Québec, Canada.
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Vandenbroere I, Paternotte N, Dumont JE, Erneux C, Pirson I. The c-Cbl-associated protein and c-Cbl are two new partners of the SH2-containing inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase SHIP2. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2003; 300:494-500. [PMID: 12504111 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-291x(02)02894-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
SHIP2 is a phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate (PtdIns(3,4,5)P(3)) 5-phosphatase which contains motifs susceptible to mediate protein-protein interaction. Using yeast two-hybrid, GST-pulldown, and coimmunoprecipitation studies, we isolated the CAP cDNA as a specific partner of SHIP2 proline-rich domain and showed by GST-pulldown experiments that the interaction took place with the SH3C of CAP. The interaction was not modulated in COS-7 cells stimulated by EGF neither in CHO cells overexpressing the insulin receptor in the presence or absence of insulin stimulation. We also showed that SHIP2 was able to coimmunoprecipitate with endogenous c-Cbl protein in the absence of CAP and with the insulin receptor in CHO-IR cell extracts. The presence of SHIP2 in a complex around the insulin receptor could account for the very specific increase in insulin sensitivity of SHIP2 knock-out mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Vandenbroere
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, IRIBHM, School of Medicine, Free University of Brussels, Campus Erasme, Blg C, Route de Lennik 808, Brussels B-1070, Belgium
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Xie J, Cai T, Zhang H, Lan MS, Notkins AL. The zinc-finger transcription factor INSM1 is expressed during embryo development and interacts with the Cbl-associated protein. Genomics 2002; 80:54-61. [PMID: 12079283 PMCID: PMC1237014 DOI: 10.1006/geno.2002.6800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Here we describe the isolation and characterization of the mouse homolog of the human zinc-finger transcription factor INSM1 (IA-1) and identify an interacting protein. A 2.9-kb cDNA with an open reading frame of 1563 nucleotides, corresponding to a translated protein of 521 amino acids, was isolated from a mouse beta TC-1 cDNA library. Mouse INSM1 was found to be 86% identical to human INSM1 and both proteins contain proline-rich regions and multiple zinc-finger DNA-binding motifs. Sequencing of mouse Insm1 genomic DNA revealed that it is an intronless gene. Chromosomal mapping localized Insm1 to chromosome 2. Northern blot analysis showed that mouse Insm1 expression begins at 10.5 days in the embryo, decreases after 13.5 days, and is barely detected at 18.5 days. In mouse brain, Insm1 is strongly expressed for 2 weeks after birth but shows little or no expression thereafter. Transfection of cells with GFP-tagged INSM1 revealed that INSM1 is expressed exclusively in the nucleus. We identified proteins that interacted with INSM1 by the yeast two-hybrid system and the binding of one of them, Cbl-associated protein (CAP), to INSM1 was confirmed by in vitro pull-down experiments, nuclear colocalization, and co-immunoprecipitation assays. Further studies showed that both INSM1 and CAP proteins were present in the nucleus of insulinoma cells and that endogenous INSM1 protein was co-precipitated with antibody to CAP. These findings raise the possibility that during embryo development CAP may enter the nucleus through its own nuclear localization signal or by binding to INSM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingping Xie
- Experimental Medicine Section, Oral Infection and Immunity Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-4322, USA
| | - Tao Cai
- Experimental Medicine Section, Oral Infection and Immunity Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-4322, USA
| | - Honglai Zhang
- Experimental Medicine Section, Oral Infection and Immunity Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-4322, USA
| | - Michael S. Lan
- Research Institute for Children, Children’s Hospital, and Departments of Pediatrics and Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA
| | - Abner Louis Notkins
- Experimental Medicine Section, Oral Infection and Immunity Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-4322, USA
- To whom correspondence and reprint requests should be addressed. Fax: (301) 402-4163. E-mail:
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Rankinen T, Pérusse L, Weisnagel SJ, Snyder EE, Chagnon YC, Bouchard C. The human obesity gene map: the 2001 update. OBESITY RESEARCH 2002; 10:196-243. [PMID: 11886943 DOI: 10.1038/oby.2002.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This report constitutes the eighth update of the human obesity gene map, incorporating published results up to the end of October 2001. Evidence from the rodent and human obesity cases caused by single-gene mutations, Mendelian disorders exhibiting obesity as a clinical feature, quantitative trait loci (QTLs) uncovered in human genome-wide scans and in crossbreeding experiments in various animal models, association and linkage studies with candidate genes and other markers is reviewed. The human cases of obesity related in some way to single-gene mutations in six different genes are incorporated. Twenty-five Mendelian disorders exhibiting obesity as one of their clinical manifestations have now been mapped. The number of different QTLs reported from animal models currently reaches 165. Attempts to relate DNA sequence variation in specific genes to obesity phenotypes continue to grow, with 174 studies reporting positive associations with 58 candidate genes. Finally, 59 loci have been linked to obesity indicators in genomic scans and other linkage study designs. The obesity gene map depicted in Figure 1 reveals that putative loci affecting obesity-related phenotypes can be found on all chromosomes except chromosome Y. A total of 54 new loci have been added to the map in the past 12 months, and the number of genes, markers, and chromosomal regions that have been associated or linked with human obesity phenotypes is now above 250. Likewise, the number of negative studies, which are only partially reviewed here, is also on the rise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuomo Rankinen
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808-4124, USA.
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