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Wankhede NL, Rajendra Kopalli S, Dhokne MD, Badnag DJ, Chandurkar PA, Mangrulkar SV, Shende PV, Taksande BG, Upaganlawar AB, Umekar MJ, Koppula S, Kale MB. Decoding mitochondrial quality control mechanisms: Identifying treatment targets for enhanced cellular health. Mitochondrion 2024; 78:101926. [PMID: 38944367 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2024.101926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria are singular cell organelles essential for many cellular functions, which includes responding to stress, regulating calcium levels, maintaining protein homeostasis, and coordinating apoptosis response. The vitality of cells, therefore, hinges on the optimal functioning of these dynamic organelles. Mitochondrial Quality Control Mechanisms (MQCM) play a pivotal role in ensuring the integrity and functionality of mitochondria. Perturbations in these mechanisms have been closely associated with the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Compelling evidence suggests that targeting specific pathways within the MQCM could potentially offer a therapeutic avenue for rescuing mitochondrial integrity and mitigating the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. The intricate interplay of cellular stress, protein misfolding, and impaired quality control mechanisms provides a nuanced understanding of the underlying pathology. Consequently, unravelling the specific MQCM dysregulation in neurodegenerative disorders becomes paramount for developing targeted therapeutic strategies. This review delves into the impaired MQCM pathways implicated in neurodegenerative disorders and explores emerging therapeutic interventions. By shedding light on pharmaceutical and genetic manipulations aimed at restoring MQCM efficiency, the discussion aims to provide insights into novel strategies for ameliorating the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Understanding and addressing mitochondrial quality control mechanisms not only underscore their significance in cellular health but also offer a promising frontier for advancing therapeutic approaches in the realm of neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitu L Wankhede
- Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, New Kamptee- 441002, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Spandana Rajendra Kopalli
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea.
| | - Mrunali D Dhokne
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Raebareli, Uttar Pradesh (UP) - 226002, India.
| | - Dishant J Badnag
- Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, New Kamptee- 441002, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Pranali A Chandurkar
- Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, New Kamptee- 441002, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Shubhada V Mangrulkar
- Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, New Kamptee- 441002, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Prajwali V Shende
- Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, New Kamptee- 441002, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Brijesh G Taksande
- Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, New Kamptee- 441002, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Aman B Upaganlawar
- SNJB's Shriman Sureshdada Jain College of Pharmacy, Neminagar, Chandwad- 423101, Nashik, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Milind J Umekar
- Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, New Kamptee- 441002, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Sushruta Koppula
- College of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Konkuk University, Chungju-Si, Chungcheongbuk Do 27478, Republic of Korea.
| | - Mayur B Kale
- Smt. Kishoritai Bhoyar College of Pharmacy, New Kamptee- 441002, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
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Barbuti PA, Guardia-Laguarta C, Yun T, Chatila ZK, Flowers X, Santos BFR, Larsen SB, Hattori N, Bradshaw E, Dettmer U, Fanning S, Vilas M, Reddy H, Teich AF, Krüger R, Area-Gomez E, Przedborski S. The Role of Alpha-Synuclein in Synucleinopathy: Impact on Lipid Regulation at Mitochondria-ER Membranes. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.17.599406. [PMID: 38948777 PMCID: PMC11212931 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.17.599406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
The protein alpha-synuclein (αSyn) plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of synucleinopathy, which includes Parkinson's disease and multiple system atrophy, and mounting evidence suggests that lipid dyshomeostasis is a critical phenotype in these neurodegenerative conditions. Previously, we identified that αSyn localizes to mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes (MAMs), temporary functional domains containing proteins that regulate lipid metabolism, including the de novo synthesis of phosphatidylserine. In the present study, we have analyzed the lipid composition of postmortem human samples, focusing on the substantia nigra pars compacta of Parkinson's disease and controls, as well as three less affected brain regions of Parkinson's donors. To further assess synucleinopathy-related lipidome alterations, similar analyses were performed on the striatum of multiple system atrophy cases. Our data show region-and disease-specific changes in the levels of lipid species. Specifically, our data revealed alterations in the levels of specific phosphatidylserine species in brain areas most affected in Parkinson's disease. Some of these alterations, albeit to a lesser degree, are also observed multiples system atrophy. Using induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons, we show that αSyn contributes to regulating phosphatidylserine metabolism at MAM domains, and that αSyn dosage parallels the perturbation in phosphatidylserine levels. Our results support the notion that αSyn pathophysiology is linked to the dysregulation of lipid homeostasis, which may contribute to the vulnerability of specific brain regions in synucleinopathy. These findings have significant therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter A. Barbuti
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Center for Motor Neuron Biology and Diseases, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Translational Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, L-4362, Luxembourg
- Transversal Translational Medicine, Luxembourg Institute of Health, L-1445, Luxembourg
| | - Cristina Guardia-Laguarta
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Center for Motor Neuron Biology and Diseases, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Taekyung Yun
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Center for Biological Research (CIB), - Margarita Salas, CSIC, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Zena K. Chatila
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Xena Flowers
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- The Carol and Gene Ludwig Center for Research on Neurodegeneration, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Bruno FR. Santos
- Translational Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, L-4362, Luxembourg
- Transversal Translational Medicine, Luxembourg Institute of Health, L-1445, Luxembourg
- Disease Modelling and Screening Platform, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, L-4362, Luxembourg RRID:SCR_025237
| | - Simone B. Larsen
- Translational Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, L-4362, Luxembourg
| | - Nobutaka Hattori
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421 Japan
| | - Elizabeth Bradshaw
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- The Carol and Gene Ludwig Center for Research on Neurodegeneration, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ulf Dettmer
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Saranna Fanning
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Manon Vilas
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Hasini Reddy
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Andrew F. Teich
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Rejko Krüger
- Translational Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, L-4362, Luxembourg
- Transversal Translational Medicine, Luxembourg Institute of Health, L-1445, Luxembourg
| | - Estela Area-Gomez
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Center for Motor Neuron Biology and Diseases, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Center for Biological Research (CIB), - Margarita Salas, CSIC, Madrid, 28040, Spain
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Serge Przedborski
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Center for Motor Neuron Biology and Diseases, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
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3
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Barbuti PA. A-Syn(ful) MAM: A Fresh Perspective on a Converging Domain in Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6525. [PMID: 38928232 PMCID: PMC11203789 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a disease of an unknown origin. Despite that, decades of research have provided considerable evidence that alpha-synuclein (αSyn) is central to the pathogenesis of disease. Mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes (MAMs) are functional domains formed at contact sites between the ER and mitochondria, with a well-established function of MAMs being the control of lipid homeostasis within the cell. Additionally, there are numerous proteins localized or enriched at MAMs that have regulatory roles in several different molecular signaling pathways required for cellular homeostasis, such as autophagy and neuroinflammation. Alterations in several of these signaling pathways that are functionally associated with MAMs are found in PD. Taken together with studies that find αSyn localized at MAMs, this has implicated MAM (dys)function as a converging domain relevant to PD. This review will highlight the many functions of MAMs and provide an overview of the literature that finds αSyn, in addition to several other PD-related proteins, localized there. This review will also detail the direct interaction of αSyn and αSyn-interacting partners with specific MAM-resident proteins. In addition, recent studies exploring new methods to investigate MAMs will be discussed, along with some of the controversies regarding αSyn, including its several conformations and subcellular localizations. The goal of this review is to highlight and provide insight on a domain that is incompletely understood and, from a PD perspective, highlight those complex interactions that may hold the key to understanding the pathomechanisms underlying PD, which may lead to the targeted development of new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter A Barbuti
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
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Slade L, Deane CS, Szewczyk NJ, Etheridge T, Whiteman M. Hydrogen sulfide supplementation as a potential treatment for primary mitochondrial diseases. Pharmacol Res 2024; 203:107180. [PMID: 38599468 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Primary mitochondrial diseases (PMD) are amongst the most common inborn errors of metabolism causing fatal outcomes within the first decade of life. With marked heterogeneity in both inheritance patterns and physiological manifestations, these conditions present distinct challenges for targeted drug therapy, where effective therapeutic countermeasures remain elusive within the clinic. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S)-based therapeutics may offer a new option for patient treatment, having been proposed as a conserved mitochondrial substrate and post-translational regulator across species, displaying therapeutic effects in age-related mitochondrial dysfunction and neurodegenerative models of mitochondrial disease. H2S can stimulate mitochondrial respiration at sites downstream of common PMD-defective subunits, augmenting energy production, mitochondrial function and reducing cell death. Here, we highlight the primary signalling mechanisms of H2S in mitochondria relevant for PMD and outline key cytoprotective proteins/pathways amenable to post-translational restoration via H2S-mediated persulfidation. The mechanisms proposed here, combined with the advent of potent mitochondria-targeted sulfide delivery molecules, could provide a framework for H2S as a countermeasure for PMD disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Slade
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, St. Luke's Campus, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK; Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Colleen S Deane
- Human Development & Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Nathaniel J Szewczyk
- Medical Research Council Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Royal Derby Hospital, University of Nottingham, Derby DE22 3DT, United Kingdom; Ohio Musculoskeletal and Neurologic Institute, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, Greece
| | - Timothy Etheridge
- Public Health and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX1 2LU, United Kingdom.
| | - Matthew Whiteman
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, St. Luke's Campus, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK.
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Li Y, Yang Z, Zhang S, Li J. Miro-mediated mitochondrial transport: A new dimension for disease-related abnormal cell metabolism? Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 705:149737. [PMID: 38430606 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria are versatile and highly dynamic organelles found in eukaryotic cells that play important roles in a variety of cellular processes. The importance of mitochondrial transport in cell metabolism, including variations in mitochondrial distribution within cells and intercellular transfer, has grown in recent years. Several studies have demonstrated that abnormal mitochondrial transport represents an early pathogenic alteration in a variety of illnesses, emphasizing its significance in disease development and progression. Mitochondrial Rho GTPase (Miro) is a protein found on the outer mitochondrial membrane that is required for cytoskeleton-dependent mitochondrial transport, mitochondrial dynamics (fusion and fission), and mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis. Miro, as a critical regulator of mitochondrial transport, has yet to be thoroughly investigated in illness. This review focuses on recent developments in recognizing Miro as a crucial molecule in controlling mitochondrial transport and investigates its roles in diverse illnesses. It also intends to shed light on the possibilities of targeting Miro as a therapeutic method for a variety of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxing Li
- Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710000, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710000, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Shumei Zhang
- Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710000, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Li
- Department of Cardiology, Jincheng People's Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Jincheng, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.
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Shiraishi T, Bono K, Hiraki H, Manome Y, Oka H, Iguchi Y, Okano HJ. The impact of VPS35 D620N mutation on alternative autophagy and its reversal by estrogen in Parkinson's disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:103. [PMID: 38409392 PMCID: PMC10896810 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05123-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
VPS35 plays a key role in neurodegenerative processes in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease (PD). Many genetic studies have shown a close relationship between autophagy and PD pathophysiology, and specifically, the PD-causing D620N mutation in VPS35 has been shown to impair autophagy. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying neuronal cell death and impaired autophagy in PD are debated. Notably, increasing evidence suggests that Rab9-dependent "alternative" autophagy, which is driven by a different molecular mechanism that driving ATG5-dependent "conventional" autophagy, also contributes to neurodegenerative process. In this study, we investigated the relationship between alternative autophagy and VPS35 D620N mutant-related PD pathogenesis. We isolated iPSCs from the blood mononuclear cell population of two PD patients carrying the VPS35 D620N mutant. In addition, we used CRISPR-Cas9 to generate SH-SY5Y cells carrying the D620N variant of VPS35. We first revealed that the number of autophagic vacuoles was significantly decreased in ATG5-knockout Mouse Embryonic Fibroblast or ATG5-knockdown patient-derived dopaminergic neurons carrying the VPS35 D620N mutant compared with that of the wild type VPS35 control cells. Furthermore, estrogen, which activates alternative autophagy pathways, increased the number of autophagic vacuoles in ATG5-knockdown VPS35 D620N mutant dopaminergic neurons. Estrogen induces Rab9 phosphorylation, mediated through Ulk1 phosphorylation, ultimately regulating alternative autophagy. Moreover, estrogen reduced the apoptosis rate of VPS35 D620N neurons, and this effect of estrogen was diminished under alternative autophagy knockdown conditions. In conclusion, alternative autophagy might be important for maintaining neuronal homeostasis and may be associated with the neuroprotective effect of estrogen in PD with VPS35 D620N.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomotaka Shiraishi
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3‑25‑8 Nishi‑Shinbashi, Minato‑ku, Tokyo, 1058461, Japan
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3‑25‑8 Nishi‑Shinbashi, Minato‑ku, Tokyo, 105‑8461, Japan
| | - Keiko Bono
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3‑25‑8 Nishi‑Shinbashi, Minato‑ku, Tokyo, 1058461, Japan
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3‑25‑8 Nishi‑Shinbashi, Minato‑ku, Tokyo, 105‑8461, Japan
| | - Hiromi Hiraki
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3‑25‑8 Nishi‑Shinbashi, Minato‑ku, Tokyo, 105‑8461, Japan
| | - Yoko Manome
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3‑25‑8 Nishi‑Shinbashi, Minato‑ku, Tokyo, 1058461, Japan
| | - Hisayoshi Oka
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3‑25‑8 Nishi‑Shinbashi, Minato‑ku, Tokyo, 105‑8461, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Iguchi
- Department of Neurology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3‑25‑8 Nishi‑Shinbashi, Minato‑ku, Tokyo, 105‑8461, Japan
| | - Hirotaka James Okano
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3‑25‑8 Nishi‑Shinbashi, Minato‑ku, Tokyo, 1058461, Japan.
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Li HY, Liu DS, Zhang YB, Rong H, Zhang XJ. The interaction between alpha-synuclein and mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinson's disease. Biophys Chem 2023; 303:107122. [PMID: 37839353 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2023.107122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is an aging-associated neurodegenerative disorder with the hallmark of abnormal aggregates of alpha-synuclein (α-syn) in Lewy bodies (LBs) and Lewy neurites (LNs). Currently, pathogenic α-syn and mitochondrial dysfunction have been considered as prominent roles that give impetus to the PD onset. This review describes the α-syn pathology and mitochondrial alterations in PD, and focuses on how α-syn interacts with multiple aspects of mitochondrial homeostasis in the pathogenesis of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yan Li
- Department of Basic Medical College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Haerbin 150000, PR China
| | - De-Shui Liu
- Department of Pathology, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, PR China
| | - Ying-Bo Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, PR China
| | - Hua Rong
- Department of Pathology, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, PR China
| | - Xiao-Jie Zhang
- Department of Basic Medical College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Haerbin 150000, PR China; Heilongjiang Nursing College, Haerbin 150000, PR China.
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Grossmann D, Malburg N, Glaß H, Weeren V, Sondermann V, Pfeiffer JF, Petters J, Lukas J, Seibler P, Klein C, Grünewald A, Hermann A. Mitochondria-Endoplasmic Reticulum Contact Sites Dynamics and Calcium Homeostasis Are Differentially Disrupted in PINK1-PD or PRKN-PD Neurons. Mov Disord 2023; 38:1822-1836. [PMID: 37449534 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is generally believed that the pathogenesis of PINK1/parkin-related Parkinson's disease (PD) is due to a disturbance in mitochondrial quality control. However, recent studies have found that PINK1 and Parkin play a significant role in mitochondrial calcium homeostasis and are involved in the regulation of mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum contact sites (MERCSs). OBJECTIVE The aim of our study was to perform an in-depth analysis of the role of MERCSs and impaired calcium homeostasis in PINK1/Parkin-linked PD. METHODS In our study, we used induced pluripotent stem cell-derived dopaminergic neurons from patients with PD with loss-of-function mutations in PINK1 or PRKN. We employed a split-GFP-based contact site sensor in combination with the calcium-sensitive dye Rhod-2 AM and applied Airyscan live-cell super-resolution microscopy to determine how MERCSs are involved in the regulation of mitochondrial calcium homeostasis. RESULTS Our results showed that thapsigargin-induced calcium stress leads to an increase of the abundance of narrow MERCSs in wild-type neurons. Intriguingly, calcium levels at the MERCSs remained stable, whereas the increased net calcium influx resulted in elevated mitochondrial calcium levels. However, PINK1-PD or PRKN-PD neurons showed an increased abundance of MERCSs at baseline, accompanied by an inability to further increase MERCSs upon thapsigargin-induced calcium stress. Consequently, calcium distribution at MERCSs and within mitochondria was disrupted. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated how the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria work together to cope with calcium stress in wild-type neurons. In addition, our results suggests that PRKN deficiency affects the dynamics and composition of MERCSs differently from PINK1 deficiency, resulting in differentially affected calcium homeostasis. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dajana Grossmann
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section "Albrecht Kossel," Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Nina Malburg
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section "Albrecht Kossel," Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Hannes Glaß
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section "Albrecht Kossel," Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Veronika Weeren
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section "Albrecht Kossel," Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Verena Sondermann
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section "Albrecht Kossel," Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Julia F Pfeiffer
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section "Albrecht Kossel," Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Janine Petters
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section "Albrecht Kossel," Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Jan Lukas
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section "Albrecht Kossel," Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
- Center for Transdisciplinary Neurosciences Rostock, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Philip Seibler
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Anne Grünewald
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Andreas Hermann
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section "Albrecht Kossel," Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
- Center for Transdisciplinary Neurosciences Rostock, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen Rostock/Greifswald, Rostock, Germany
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9
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Chemla A, Arena G, Onal G, Walter J, Berenguer-Escuder C, Grossmann D, Grünewald A, Schwamborn JC, Krüger R. Generation of two induced pluripotent stem cell lines and the corresponding isogenic controls from Parkinson's disease patients carrying the heterozygous mutations c.815G > A (p.R272Q) or c.1348C > T (p.R450C) in the RHOT1 gene encoding Miro1. Stem Cell Res 2023; 71:103145. [PMID: 37364399 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2023.103145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblasts from two Parkinson's disease (PD) patients carrying either the heterozygous mutation c.815G > A (Miro1 p.R272Q) or c.1348C > T (Miro1 p.R450C) in the RHOT1 gene, were converted into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) using RNA-based and episomal reprogramming, respectively. The corresponding isogenic gene-corrected lines have been generated using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. These two isogenic pairs will be used to study Miro1-related molecular mechanisms underlying neurodegeneration in relevant iPSC-derived neuronal models (e.g., midbrain dopaminergic neurons and astrocytes).
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Chemla
- Translational Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Giuseppe Arena
- Translational Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
| | - Gizem Onal
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, UK; Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, UK; Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Balikesir University, Turkey
| | - Jonas Walter
- Developmental and Cellular Biology, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Clara Berenguer-Escuder
- Translational Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Dajana Grossmann
- Translational Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg; Translational Neurodegeneration Section "Albrecht-Kossel", Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Anne Grünewald
- Molecular and Functional Neurobiology, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg; Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jens C Schwamborn
- Developmental and Cellular Biology, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Rejko Krüger
- Translational Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg; Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg; Transversal Translational Medicine, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Luxembourg.
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10
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Chen L, Zhou M, Li H, Liu D, Liao P, Zong Y, Zhang C, Zou W, Gao J. Mitochondrial heterogeneity in diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:311. [PMID: 37607925 PMCID: PMC10444818 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01546-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
As key organelles involved in cellular metabolism, mitochondria frequently undergo adaptive changes in morphology, components and functions in response to various environmental stresses and cellular demands. Previous studies of mitochondria research have gradually evolved, from focusing on morphological change analysis to systematic multiomics, thereby revealing the mitochondrial variation between cells or within the mitochondrial population within a single cell. The phenomenon of mitochondrial variation features is defined as mitochondrial heterogeneity. Moreover, mitochondrial heterogeneity has been reported to influence a variety of physiological processes, including tissue homeostasis, tissue repair, immunoregulation, and tumor progression. Here, we comprehensively review the mitochondrial heterogeneity in different tissues under pathological states, involving variant features of mitochondrial DNA, RNA, protein and lipid components. Then, the mechanisms that contribute to mitochondrial heterogeneity are also summarized, such as the mutation of the mitochondrial genome and the import of mitochondrial proteins that result in the heterogeneity of mitochondrial DNA and protein components. Additionally, multiple perspectives are investigated to better comprehend the mysteries of mitochondrial heterogeneity between cells. Finally, we summarize the prospective mitochondrial heterogeneity-targeting therapies in terms of alleviating mitochondrial oxidative damage, reducing mitochondrial carbon stress and enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis to relieve various pathological conditions. The possibility of recent technological advances in targeted mitochondrial gene editing is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Mengnan Zhou
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Delin Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Peng Liao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yao Zong
- Centre for Orthopaedic Research, Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Changqing Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Weiguo Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Junjie Gao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China.
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, China.
- Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Fujian, No. 16, Luoshan Section, Jinguang Road, Luoshan Street, Jinjiang City, Quanzhou, Fujian, China.
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11
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Popov LD. Mitochondria as intracellular signalling organelles. An update. Cell Signal 2023:110794. [PMID: 37422005 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Traditionally, mitochondria are known as "the powerhouse of the cell," responsible for energy (ATP) generation (by the electron transport chain, oxidative phosphorylation, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and fatty acid ß-oxidation), and for the regulation of several metabolic processes, including redox homeostasis, calcium signalling, and cellular apoptosis. The extensive studies conducted in the last decades portray mitochondria as multifaceted signalling organelles that ultimately command cells' survival or death. Based on current knowledge, we'll outline the mitochondrial signalling to other intracellular compartments in homeostasis and pathology-related mitochondrial stress conditions here. The following topics are discussed: (i) oxidative stress and mtROS signalling in mitohormesis, (ii) mitochondrial Ca2+ signalling; (iii) the anterograde (nucleus-to-mitochondria) and retrograde (mitochondria-to-nucleus) signal transduction, (iv) the mtDNA role in immunity and inflammation, (v) the induction of mitophagy- and apoptosis - signalling cascades, (vi) the mitochondrial dysfunctions (mitochondriopathies) in cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and malignant diseases. The novel insights into molecular mechanisms of mitochondria-mediated signalling can explain mitochondria adaptation to metabolic and environmental stresses to achieve cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia-Doina Popov
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 8, B.P. Hasdeu Street, 050568 Bucharest, Romania.
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12
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New discoveries in ER-mitochondria communication. Biochem Soc Trans 2023; 51:571-577. [PMID: 36892405 DOI: 10.1042/bst20221305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
The study of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-mitochondria communication is a vast and expanding field with many novel developments in the past few years. In this mini-review, we focus on several recent publications that identify novel functions of tether complexes, in particular autophagy regulation and lipid droplet biogenesis. We review novel findings that shed light on the role of triple contacts between ER and mitochondria with peroxisomes or lipid droplets as the third player. We also summarize recent findings on the role of ER-mitochondria contacts in human neurodegenerative diseases, which implicate either enhanced or reduced ER-mitochondria contacts in neurodegeneration. Taken together, the discussed studies highlight the need for further research into the role of triple organelle contacts, as well as into the exact mechanisms of increased and decreased ER-mitochondria contacts in neurodegeneration.
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13
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Chemla A, Arena G, Saraiva C, Berenguer-Escuder C, Grossmann D, Grünewald A, Klein C, Seibler P, Schwamborn JC, Krüger R. Generation of two induced pluripotent stem cell lines and the corresponding isogenic controls from Parkinson’s disease patients carrying the heterozygous mutations c.1290A>G (p.T351A) or c.2067A>G (p.T610A) in the RHOT1 gene encoding Miro1. Stem Cell Res 2023; 69:103085. [PMID: 37003181 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2023.103085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary skin fibroblasts from two Parkinson's disease (PD) patients carrying distinct heterozygous mutations in the RHOT1 gene encoding Miro1, namely c.1290A > G (Miro1 p.T351A) and c.2067A > G (Miro1 p.T610A), were converted into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by episomal reprogramming. The corresponding isogenic gene-corrected lines have been generated using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Here, we provide a comprehensive characterization and quality assurance of both isogenic pairs, which will be used to study Miro1-related molecular mechanisms underlying neurodegeneration in iPSC-derived neuronal models (e.g., midbrain dopaminergic neurons and astrocytes).
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Chemla
- Translational Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Giuseppe Arena
- Translational Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
| | - Claudia Saraiva
- Developmental and Cellular Biology, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Clara Berenguer-Escuder
- Translational Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Dajana Grossmann
- Translational Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg; Translational Neurodegeneration Section "Albrecht-Kossel", Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Anne Grünewald
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany; Molecular and Functional Neurobiology, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Philip Seibler
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Jens C Schwamborn
- Developmental and Cellular Biology, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Rejko Krüger
- Translational Neuroscience, Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg; Transversal Translational Medicine, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Luxembourg; Parkinson Research Clinic, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg (CHL), Luxembourg.
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14
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Schwarz L, Sharma K, Dodi LD, Rieder LS, Fallier-Becker P, Casadei N, Fitzgerald JC. Miro1 R272Q disrupts mitochondrial calcium handling and neurotransmitter uptake in dopaminergic neurons. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:966209. [PMID: 36533136 PMCID: PMC9757607 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.966209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Rho GTPase Miro1, located at the mitochondrial outer membrane is known to properly distribute mitochondria to synapses, aid calcium buffering and initiate PINK1-Parkin mediated mitophagy. Several heterozygous RHOT1/Miro1 variants were identified in sporadic Parkinson's disease patients. Miro1 R272Q is located within a calcium binding domain, but the functional outcome of this point mutation and its contribution to the development of disease are unclear. To address this, we introduced a heterozygous RHOT1/Miro1 R272Q point mutation in healthy induced pluripotent stem cells. In dopaminergic neurons, Miro1 R272Q does not affect Miro1 protein levels, CCCP-induced mitophagy, nor mitochondrial movement yet causes the fragmentation of mitochondria with reduction of cristae and ATP5A. Inhibition of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter phenocopied Miro1 R272Q cytosolic calcium response to Thapsigargin in active neurons, a similar effect was observed during the calcium buffering phase in Miro1 knockdown neuroblastoma cells. Altered mitochondrial calcium regulation is associated with reduced mitochondrial respiration and reduced catecholamine neurotransmitter uptake. Synaptic changes are not coupled to dopamine distribution or dopamine transporters but are linked to Miro1 R272Q-related calcium handling via the mitochondria concomitant with defective dopamine regulation at the mitochondrial surface by monoamine oxidase. We conclude that the Miro1 R272Q heterozygous point mutation dampens mitochondrial-calcium regulation and mitochondrial capacity via events at the outer membrane that are sufficient to disrupt dopaminergic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Schwarz
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Karan Sharma
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lorenzo D Dodi
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lara-Sophie Rieder
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Petra Fallier-Becker
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Nicolas Casadei
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- NGS Competence Center Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Julia C Fitzgerald
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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15
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Xiao B, Kuruvilla J, Tan EK. Mitophagy and reactive oxygen species interplay in Parkinson's disease. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2022; 8:135. [PMID: 36257956 PMCID: PMC9579202 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-022-00402-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitophagy impairment and oxidative stress are cardinal pathological hallmarks in Parkinson's disease (PD), a common age-related neurodegenerative condition. The specific interactions between mitophagy and reactive oxygen species (ROS) have attracted considerable attention even though their exact interplay in PD has not been fully elucidated. We highlight the interactions between ROS and mitophagy, with a focus on the signalling pathways downstream to ROS that triggers mitophagy and draw attention to potential therapeutic compounds that target these pathways in both experimental and clinical models. Identifying a combination of ROS inhibitors and mitophagy activators to provide a physiologic balance in this complex signalling pathways may lead to a more optimal outcome. Deciphering the exact temporal relationship between mitophagy and oxidative stress and their triggers early in the course of neurodegeneration can unravel mechanistic clues that potentially lead to the development of compounds for clinical drug trials focusing on prodromic PD or at-risk individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xiao
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore.
- Neuroscience Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Joshua Kuruvilla
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eng-King Tan
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore.
- Neuroscience Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
- Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
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16
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Gao Y, Wang C, Jiang D, An G, Jin F, Zhang J, Han G, Cui C, Jiang P. New insights into the interplay between autophagy and oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress in neuronal cell death and survival. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:994037. [PMID: 36187470 PMCID: PMC9524158 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.994037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a dynamic process that maintains the normal homeostasis of cells by digesting and degrading aging proteins and damaged organelles. The effect of autophagy on neural tissue is still a matter of debate. Some authors suggest that autophagy has a protective effect on nerve cells, whereas others suggest that autophagy also induces the death of nerve cells and aggravates nerve injury. In mammals, oxidative stress, autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) constitute important defense mechanisms to help cells adapt to and survive the stress conditions caused by physiological and pathological stimuli. Under many pathophysiological conditions, oxidative stress, autophagy and ERS are integrated and amplified in cells to promote the progress of diseases. Over the past few decades, oxidative stress, autophagy and ERS and their interactions have been a hot topic in biomedical research. In this review, we summarize recent advances in understanding the interactions between oxidative stress, autophagy and ERS in neuronal cell death and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahao Gao
- Clinical Medical School, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Changshui Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Di Jiang
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Gang An
- Clinical Medical School, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Feng Jin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Junchen Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Guangkui Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Changmeng Cui
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- *Correspondence: Changmeng Cui, ; Pei Jiang,
| | - Pei Jiang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jining First People’s Hospital, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- *Correspondence: Changmeng Cui, ; Pei Jiang,
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17
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Morgado-Cáceres P, Liabeuf G, Calle X, Briones L, Riquelme JA, Bravo-Sagua R, Parra V. The aging of ER-mitochondria communication: A journey from undifferentiated to aged cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:946678. [PMID: 36060801 PMCID: PMC9437272 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.946678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The complex physiology of eukaryotic cells requires that a variety of subcellular organelles perform unique tasks, even though they form highly dynamic communication networks. In the case of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria, their functional coupling relies on the physical interaction between their membranes, mediated by domains known as mitochondria-ER contacts (MERCs). MERCs act as shuttles for calcium and lipid transfer between organelles, and for the nucleation of other subcellular processes. Of note, mounting evidence shows that they are heterogeneous structures, which display divergent behaviors depending on the cell type. Furthermore, MERCs are plastic structures that remodel according to intra- and extracellular cues, thereby adjusting the function of both organelles to the cellular needs. In consonance with this notion, the malfunction of MERCs reportedly contributes to the development of several age-related disorders. Here, we integrate current literature to describe how MERCs change, starting from undifferentiated cells, and their transit through specialization, malignant transformation (i.e., dedifferentiation), and aging/senescence. Along this journey, we will review the function of MERCs and their relevance for pivotal cell types, such as stem and cancer cells, cardiac, skeletal, and smooth myocytes, neurons, leukocytes, and hepatocytes, which intervene in the progression of chronic diseases related to age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Morgado-Cáceres
- Advanced Center of Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas e Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Integrative Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gianella Liabeuf
- Advanced Center of Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas e Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Laboratorio de Obesidad y Metabolismo Energético (OMEGA), Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Salud y Ciencias Sociales, Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Universidad de las Américas, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ximena Calle
- Advanced Center of Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas e Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lautaro Briones
- Advanced Center of Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas e Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Laboratorio de Obesidad y Metabolismo Energético (OMEGA), Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Nutrición y Salud Pública, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud y de los Alimentos, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chillán, Chile
| | - Jaime A. Riquelme
- Advanced Center of Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas e Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Roberto Bravo-Sagua
- Advanced Center of Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas e Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Laboratorio de Obesidad y Metabolismo Energético (OMEGA), Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Red de Investigación en Envejecimiento Saludable, Consorcio de Universidades del Estado de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- *Correspondence: Roberto Bravo-Sagua, ; Valentina Parra,
| | - Valentina Parra
- Advanced Center of Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas e Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Red para el Estudio de Enfermedades Cardiopulmonares de alta letalidad (REECPAL), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- *Correspondence: Roberto Bravo-Sagua, ; Valentina Parra,
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18
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Sanchez-Mirasierra I, Ghimire S, Hernandez-Diaz S, Soukup SF. Targeting Macroautophagy as a Therapeutic Opportunity to Treat Parkinson's Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:921314. [PMID: 35874822 PMCID: PMC9298504 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.921314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy, an evolutionary conserved catabolic process in the eukaryotic cell, regulates cellular homeostasis and plays a decisive role in self-engulfing proteins, protein aggregates, dysfunctional or damaged organelles, and invading pathogens. Growing evidence from in vivo and in vitro models shows that autophagy dysfunction plays decisive role in the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease (PD). PD is an incurable and second most common neurodegenerative disease characterised by neurological and motor dysfunction accompanied of non-motor symptoms that can also reduce the life quality of patients. Despite the investment in research, the aetiology of the disease is still unknown and the therapies available are aimed mostly at ameliorating motor symptoms. Hence, therapeutics regulating the autophagy pathway might play an important role controlling the disease progression, reducing neuronal loss and even ameliorating non-motor symptoms. In this review, we highlight potential therapeutic opportunities involved in different targeting options like an initiation of autophagy, Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) inhibition, mitophagy, lysosomes, lipid metabolism, immune system, gene expression, biomarkers, and also non-pharmacological interventions. Thus, strategies to identify therapeutics targeting the pathways modulating autophagy might hold a future for therapy development against PD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saurav Ghimire
- Universite Bordeaux, CNRS, IMN, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
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19
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Nahacka Z, Novak J, Zobalova R, Neuzil J. Miro proteins and their role in mitochondrial transfer in cancer and beyond. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:937753. [PMID: 35959487 PMCID: PMC9358137 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.937753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are organelles essential for tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. Although their main cellular function, generation of energy in the form of ATP is dispensable for cancer cells, their capability to drive their adaptation to stress originating from tumor microenvironment makes them a plausible therapeutic target. Recent research has revealed that cancer cells with damaged oxidative phosphorylation import healthy (functional) mitochondria from surrounding stromal cells to drive pyrimidine synthesis and cell proliferation. Furthermore, it has been shown that energetically competent mitochondria are fundamental for tumor cell migration, invasion and metastasis. The spatial positioning and transport of mitochondria involves Miro proteins from a subfamily of small GTPases, localized in outer mitochondrial membrane. Miro proteins are involved in the structure of the MICOS complex, connecting outer and inner-mitochondrial membrane; in mitochondria-ER communication; Ca2+ metabolism; and in the recycling of damaged organelles via mitophagy. The most important role of Miro is regulation of mitochondrial movement and distribution within (and between) cells, acting as an adaptor linking organelles to cytoskeleton-associated motor proteins. In this review, we discuss the function of Miro proteins in various modes of intercellular mitochondrial transfer, emphasizing the structure and dynamics of tunneling nanotubes, the most common transfer modality. We summarize the evidence for and propose possible roles of Miro proteins in nanotube-mediated transfer as well as in cancer cell migration and metastasis, both processes being tightly connected to cytoskeleton-driven mitochondrial movement and positioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Nahacka
- Laboratory of Molecular Therapy, Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
- *Correspondence: Zuzana Nahacka, ; Jiri Neuzil,
| | - Jaromir Novak
- Laboratory of Molecular Therapy, Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Renata Zobalova
- Laboratory of Molecular Therapy, Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jiri Neuzil
- Laboratory of Molecular Therapy, Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, Australia
- *Correspondence: Zuzana Nahacka, ; Jiri Neuzil,
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20
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Vrijsen S, Vrancx C, Del Vecchio M, Swinnen JV, Agostinis P, Winderickx J, Vangheluwe P, Annaert W. Inter-organellar Communication in Parkinson's and Alzheimer's Disease: Looking Beyond Endoplasmic Reticulum-Mitochondria Contact Sites. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:900338. [PMID: 35801175 PMCID: PMC9253489 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.900338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are generally considered proteinopathies but whereas this may initiate disease in familial cases, onset in sporadic diseases may originate from a gradually disrupted organellar homeostasis. Herein, endolysosomal abnormalities, mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and altered lipid metabolism are commonly observed in early preclinical stages of major NDs, including Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Among the multitude of underlying defective molecular mechanisms that have been suggested in the past decades, dysregulation of inter-organellar communication through the so-called membrane contact sites (MCSs) is becoming increasingly apparent. Although MCSs exist between almost every other type of subcellular organelle, to date, most focus has been put on defective communication between the ER and mitochondria in NDs, given these compartments are critical in neuronal survival. Contributions of other MCSs, notably those with endolysosomes and lipid droplets are emerging, supported as well by genetic studies, identifying genes functionally involved in lysosomal homeostasis. In this review, we summarize the molecular identity of the organelle interactome in yeast and mammalian cells, and critically evaluate the evidence supporting the contribution of disturbed MCSs to the general disrupted inter-organellar homeostasis in NDs, taking PD and AD as major examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Vrijsen
- Laboratory of Cellular Transport Systems, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Céline Vrancx
- Laboratory for Membrane Trafficking, VIB-Center for Brain and Disease Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mara Del Vecchio
- Laboratory of Functional Biology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Johannes V. Swinnen
- Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism and Cancer, Department of Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrizia Agostinis
- Laboratory of Cell Death Research and Therapy, VIB-Center for Cancer Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joris Winderickx
- Laboratory of Functional Biology, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Peter Vangheluwe
- Laboratory of Cellular Transport Systems, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wim Annaert
- Laboratory for Membrane Trafficking, VIB-Center for Brain and Disease Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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21
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Zaman M, Shutt TE. The Role of Impaired Mitochondrial Dynamics in MFN2-Mediated Pathology. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:858286. [PMID: 35399520 PMCID: PMC8989266 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.858286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mitofusin 2 protein (MFN2), encoded by the MFN2 gene, was first described for its role in mediating mitochondrial fusion. However, MFN2 is now recognized to play additional roles in mitochondrial autophagy (mitophagy), mitochondrial motility, lipid transfer, and as a tether to other organelles including the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and lipid droplets. The tethering role of MFN2 is an important mediator of mitochondrial-ER contact sites (MERCs), which themselves have many important functions that regulate mitochondria, including calcium homeostasis and lipid metabolism. Exemplifying the importance of MFN2, pathogenic variants in MFN2 are established to cause the peripheral neuropathy Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease Subtype 2A (CMT2A). However, the mechanistic basis for disease is not clear. Moreover, additional pathogenic phenotypes such as lipomatosis, distal myopathy, optic atrophy, and hearing loss, can also sometimes be present in patients with CMT2A. Given these variable patient phenotypes, and the many cellular roles played by MFN2, the mechanistic underpinnings of the cellular impairments by which MFN2 dysfunction leads to disease are likely to be complex. Here, we will review what is known about the various functions of MFN2 that are impaired by pathogenic variants causing CMT2A, with a specific emphasis on the ties between MFN2 variants and MERCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mashiat Zaman
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute (ACHRI), Calgary, AB, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Timothy E Shutt
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute (ACHRI), Calgary, AB, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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22
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Jetto CT, Nambiar A, Manjithaya R. Mitophagy and Neurodegeneration: Between the Knowns and the Unknowns. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:837337. [PMID: 35392168 PMCID: PMC8981085 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.837337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy (henceforth autophagy) an evolutionary conserved intracellular pathway, involves lysosomal degradation of damaged and superfluous cytosolic contents to maintain cellular homeostasis. While autophagy was initially perceived as a bulk degradation process, a surfeit of studies in the last 2 decades has revealed that it can also be selective in choosing intracellular constituents for degradation. In addition to the core autophagy machinery, these selective autophagy pathways comprise of distinct molecular players that are involved in the capture of specific cargoes. The diverse organelles that are degraded by selective autophagy pathways are endoplasmic reticulum (ERphagy), lysosomes (lysophagy), mitochondria (mitophagy), Golgi apparatus (Golgiphagy), peroxisomes (pexophagy) and nucleus (nucleophagy). Among these, the main focus of this review is on the selective autophagic pathway involved in mitochondrial turnover called mitophagy. The mitophagy pathway encompasses diverse mechanisms involving a complex interplay of a multitude of proteins that confers the selective recognition of damaged mitochondria and their targeting to degradation via autophagy. Mitophagy is triggered by cues that signal the mitochondrial damage such as disturbances in mitochondrial fission-fusion dynamics, mitochondrial membrane depolarisation, enhanced ROS production, mtDNA damage as well as developmental cues such as erythrocyte maturation, removal of paternal mitochondria, cardiomyocyte maturation and somatic cell reprogramming. As research on the mechanistic aspects of this complex pathway is progressing, emerging roles of new players such as the NIPSNAP proteins, Miro proteins and ER-Mitochondria contact sites (ERMES) are being explored. Although diverse aspects of this pathway are being investigated in depth, several outstanding questions such as distinct molecular players of basal mitophagy, selective dominance of a particular mitophagy adapter protein over the other in a given physiological condition, molecular mechanism of how specific disease mutations affect this pathway remain to be addressed. In this review, we aim to give an overview with special emphasis on molecular and signalling pathways of mitophagy and its dysregulation in neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuckoo Teresa Jetto
- Autophagy Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Akshaya Nambiar
- Autophagy Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Ravi Manjithaya
- Autophagy Laboratory, Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, India
- Neuroscience Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, India
- *Correspondence: Ravi Manjithaya,
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23
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Markovinovic A, Greig J, Martín-Guerrero SM, Salam S, Paillusson S. Endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria signaling in neurons and neurodegenerative diseases. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:274270. [PMID: 35129196 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.248534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances have revealed common pathological changes in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with related frontotemporal dementia (ALS/FTD). Many of these changes can be linked to alterations in endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-mitochondria signaling, including dysregulation of Ca2+ signaling, autophagy, lipid metabolism, ATP production, axonal transport, ER stress responses and synaptic dysfunction. ER-mitochondria signaling involves specialized regions of ER, called mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs). Owing to their role in neurodegenerative processes, MAMs have gained attention as they appear to be associated with all the major neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, their specific role within neuronal maintenance is being revealed as mutant genes linked to major neurodegenerative diseases have been associated with damage to these specialized contacts. Several studies have now demonstrated that these specialized contacts regulate neuronal health and synaptic transmission, and that MAMs are damaged in patients with neurodegenerative diseases. This Review will focus on the role of MAMs and ER-mitochondria signaling within neurons and how damage of the ER-mitochondria axis leads to a disruption of vital processes causing eventual neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Markovinovic
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience. Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 9RX, UK
| | - Jenny Greig
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience. Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 9RX, UK.,Inserm, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie, UMR 1064, ITUN, 44093, Nantes, France
| | - Sandra María Martín-Guerrero
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience. Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 9RX, UK
| | - Shaakir Salam
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience. Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 9RX, UK
| | - Sebastien Paillusson
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience. Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 9RX, UK.,Université de Nantes, Inserm, TENS, The Enteric Nervous System in Gut and Brain Diseases, IMAD, Nantes, 1 rue Gaston Veil, 44035, Nantes, France
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24
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Mitochondrial Phenotypes in Parkinson's Diseases-A Focus on Human iPSC-Derived Dopaminergic Neurons. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123436. [PMID: 34943944 PMCID: PMC8699816 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Established disease models have helped unravel the mechanistic underpinnings of pathological phenotypes in Parkinson’s disease (PD), the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. However, these discoveries have been limited to relatively simple cellular systems and animal models, which typically manifest with incomplete or imperfect recapitulation of disease phenotypes. The advent of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) has provided a powerful scientific tool for investigating the underlying molecular mechanisms of both familial and sporadic PD within disease-relevant cell types and patient-specific genetic backgrounds. Overwhelming evidence supports mitochondrial dysfunction as a central feature in PD pathophysiology, and iPSC-based neuronal models have expanded our understanding of mitochondrial dynamics in the development and progression of this devastating disorder. The present review provides a comprehensive assessment of mitochondrial phenotypes reported in iPSC-derived neurons generated from PD patients’ somatic cells, with an emphasis on the role of mitochondrial respiration, morphology, and trafficking, as well as mitophagy and calcium handling in health and disease. Furthermore, we summarize the distinguishing characteristics of vulnerable midbrain dopaminergic neurons in PD and report the unique advantages and challenges of iPSC disease modeling at present, and for future mechanistic and therapeutic applications.
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25
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Intertwined and Finely Balanced: Endoplasmic Reticulum Morphology, Dynamics, Function, and Diseases. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092341. [PMID: 34571990 PMCID: PMC8472773 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an organelle that is responsible for many essential subcellular processes. Interconnected narrow tubules at the periphery and thicker sheet-like regions in the perinuclear region are linked to the nuclear envelope. It is becoming apparent that the complex morphology and dynamics of the ER are linked to its function. Mutations in the proteins involved in regulating ER structure and movement are implicated in many diseases including neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The ER is also hijacked by pathogens to promote their replication. Bacteria such as Legionella pneumophila and Chlamydia trachomatis, as well as the Zika virus, bind to ER morphology and dynamics-regulating proteins to exploit the functions of the ER to their advantage. This review covers our understanding of ER morphology, including the functional subdomains and membrane contact sites that the organelle forms. We also focus on ER dynamics and the current efforts to quantify ER motion and discuss the diseases related to ER morphology and dynamics.
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26
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Rai SN, Singh P, Varshney R, Chaturvedi VK, Vamanu E, Singh MP, Singh BK. Promising drug targets and associated therapeutic interventions in Parkinson's disease. Neural Regen Res 2021; 16:1730-1739. [PMID: 33510062 PMCID: PMC8328771 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.306066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most debilitating brain diseases. Despite the availability of symptomatic treatments, response towards the health of PD patients remains scarce. To fulfil the medical needs of the PD patients, an efficacious and etiological treatment is required. In this review, we have compiled the information covering limitations of current therapeutic options in PD, novel drug targets for PD, and finally, the role of some critical beneficial natural products to control the progression of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Payal Singh
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Ritu Varshney
- Department of Bioengineering and Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat, India
| | | | - Emanuel Vamanu
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Agronomic Science and Veterinary Medicine, Bucharest, Romania
| | - M. P. Singh
- Centre of Biotechnology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - Brijesh Kumar Singh
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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27
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Kassab S, Albalawi Z, Daghistani H, Kitmitto A. Mitochondrial Arrest on the Microtubule Highway-A Feature of Heart Failure and Diabetic Cardiomyopathy? Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:689101. [PMID: 34277734 PMCID: PMC8282893 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.689101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
A pathophysiological consequence of both type 1 and 2 diabetes is remodelling of the myocardium leading to the loss of left ventricular pump function and ultimately heart failure (HF). Abnormal cardiac bioenergetics associated with mitochondrial dysfunction occurs in the early stages of HF. Key factors influencing mitochondrial function are the shape, size and organisation of mitochondria within cardiomyocytes, with reports identifying small, fragmented mitochondria in the myocardium of diabetic patients. Cardiac mitochondria are now known to be dynamic organelles (with various functions beyond energy production); however, the mechanisms that underpin their dynamism are complex and links to motility are yet to be fully understood, particularly within the context of HF. This review will consider how the outer mitochondrial membrane protein Miro1 (Rhot1) mediates mitochondrial movement along microtubules via crosstalk with kinesin motors and explore the evidence for molecular level changes in the setting of diabetic cardiomyopathy. As HF and diabetes are recognised inflammatory conditions, with reports of enhanced activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, we will also consider evidence linking microtubule organisation, inflammation and the association to mitochondrial motility. Diabetes is a global pandemic but with limited treatment options for diabetic cardiomyopathy, therefore we also discuss potential therapeutic approaches to target the mitochondrial-microtubule-inflammatory axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Kassab
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Zainab Albalawi
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Hussam Daghistani
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Ashraf Kitmitto
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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28
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Paß T, Wiesner RJ, Pla-Martín D. Selective Neuron Vulnerability in Common and Rare Diseases-Mitochondria in the Focus. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:676187. [PMID: 34295920 PMCID: PMC8290884 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.676187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a central feature of neurodegeneration within the central and peripheral nervous system, highlighting a strong dependence on proper mitochondrial function of neurons with especially high energy consumptions. The fitness of mitochondria critically depends on preservation of distinct processes, including the maintenance of their own genome, mitochondrial dynamics, quality control, and Ca2+ handling. These processes appear to be differently affected in common neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease, as well as in rare neurological disorders, including Huntington’s disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and peripheral neuropathies. Strikingly, particular neuron populations of different morphology and function perish in these diseases, suggesting that cell-type specific factors contribute to the vulnerability to distinct mitochondrial defects. Here we review the disruption of mitochondrial processes in common as well as in rare neurological disorders and its impact on selective neurodegeneration. Understanding discrepancies and commonalities regarding mitochondrial dysfunction as well as individual neuronal demands will help to design new targets and to make use of already established treatments in order to improve treatment of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Paß
- Center for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Vegetative Physiology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Rudolf J Wiesner
- Center for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Vegetative Physiology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - David Pla-Martín
- Center for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Vegetative Physiology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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29
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López-Doménech G, Howden JH, Covill-Cooke C, Morfill C, Patel JV, Bürli R, Crowther D, Birsa N, Brandon NJ, Kittler JT. Loss of neuronal Miro1 disrupts mitophagy and induces hyperactivation of the integrated stress response. EMBO J 2021; 40:e100715. [PMID: 34152608 PMCID: PMC8280823 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2018100715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Clearance of mitochondria following damage is critical for neuronal homeostasis. Here, we investigate the role of Miro proteins in mitochondrial turnover by the PINK1/Parkin mitochondrial quality control system in vitro and in vivo. We find that upon mitochondrial damage, Miro is promiscuously ubiquitinated on multiple lysine residues. Genetic deletion of Miro or block of Miro1 ubiquitination and subsequent degradation lead to delayed translocation of the E3 ubiquitin ligase Parkin onto damaged mitochondria and reduced mitochondrial clearance in both fibroblasts and cultured neurons. Disrupted mitophagy in vivo, upon post-natal knockout of Miro1 in hippocampus and cortex, leads to a dramatic increase in mitofusin levels, the appearance of enlarged and hyperfused mitochondria and hyperactivation of the integrated stress response (ISR). Altogether, our results provide new insights into the central role of Miro1 in the regulation of mitochondrial homeostasis and further implicate Miro1 dysfunction in the pathogenesis of human neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jack H Howden
- Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Corinne Morfill
- Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jigna V Patel
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Roland Bürli
- Neuroscience, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Nicol Birsa
- UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK
| | | | - Josef T Kittler
- Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London, UK
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30
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Nahacka Z, Zobalova R, Dubisova M, Rohlena J, Neuzil J. Miro proteins connect mitochondrial function and intercellular transport. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 56:401-425. [PMID: 34139898 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2021.1925216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are organelles present in most eukaryotic cells, where they play major and multifaceted roles. The classical notion of the main mitochondrial function as the powerhouse of the cell per se has been complemented by recent discoveries pointing to mitochondria as organelles affecting a number of other auxiliary processes. They go beyond the classical energy provision via acting as a relay point of many catabolic and anabolic processes, to signaling pathways critically affecting cell growth by their implication in de novo pyrimidine synthesis. These additional roles further underscore the importance of mitochondrial homeostasis in various tissues, where its deregulation promotes a number of pathologies. While it has long been known that mitochondria can move within a cell to sites where they are needed, recent research has uncovered that mitochondria can also move between cells. While this intriguing field of research is only emerging, it is clear that mobilization of mitochondria requires a complex apparatus that critically involves mitochondrial proteins of the Miro family, whose role goes beyond the mitochondrial transfer, as will be covered in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Nahacka
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Renata Zobalova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Maria Dubisova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Rohlena
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Neuzil
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, Czech Republic.,School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
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31
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Fross S, Mansel C, McCormick M, Vohra BPS. Tributyltin Alters Calcium Levels, Mitochondrial Dynamics, and Activates Calpains Within Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons. Toxicol Sci 2021; 180:342-355. [PMID: 33481012 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfaa193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tributyltin (TBT) remains a global health concern. The primary route of human exposure to TBT is either through ingestion or skin absorption, but TBT's effects on the peripheral nervous system have still not been investigated. Therefore, we exposed in vitro sensory dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons to TBT at a concentration of 50-200 nM, which is similar to the observed concentrations of TBT in human blood samples. We observed that TBT causes extensive axon degeneration and neuronal death in the DRG neurons. Furthermore, we discovered that TBT causes an increase in both cytosolic and mitochondrial calcium levels, disrupts mitochondrial dynamics, decreases neuronal ATP levels, and leads to the activation of calpains. Additional experiments demonstrated that inhibition of calpain activation prevented TBT-induced fragmentation of neuronal cytoskeletal proteins and neuronal cell death. Thus, we conclude that calpain activation is the key executioner of TBT-induced peripheral neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaneann Fross
- Department of Biology, William Jewell College, Liberty, Missouri 64068, USA
| | - Clayton Mansel
- Department of Biology, William Jewell College, Liberty, Missouri 64068, USA
| | - Madison McCormick
- Department of Biology, William Jewell College, Liberty, Missouri 64068, USA
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32
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Abstract
Our cells are comprised of billions of proteins, lipids, and other small molecules packed into their respective subcellular organelles, with the daunting task of maintaining cellular homeostasis over a lifetime. However, it is becoming increasingly evident that organelles do not act as autonomous discrete units but rather as interconnected hubs that engage in extensive communication through membrane contacts. In the last few years, our understanding of how these contacts coordinate organelle function has redefined our view of the cell. This review aims to present novel findings on the cellular interorganelle communication network and how its dysfunction may contribute to aging and neurodegeneration. The consequences of disturbed interorganellar communication are intimately linked with age-related pathologies. Given that both aging and neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the concomitant failure of multiple cellular pathways, coordination of organelle communication and function could represent an emerging regulatory mechanism critical for long-term cellular homeostasis. We anticipate that defining the relationships between interorganelle communication, aging, and neurodegeneration will open new avenues for therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Petkovic
- Department of Physiology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
| | - Caitlin E O'Brien
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
| | - Yuh Nung Jan
- Department of Physiology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
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33
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Mani S, Swargiary G, Chadha R. Mitophagy impairment in neurodegenerative diseases: Pathogenesis and therapeutic interventions. Mitochondrion 2021; 57:270-293. [PMID: 33476770 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2021.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Neurons are specialized cells, requiring a lot of energy for its proper functioning. Mitochondria are the key cellular organelles and produce most of the energy in the form of ATP, required for all the crucial functions of neurons. Hence, the regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis and quality control is important for maintaining neuronal health. As a part of mitochondrial quality control, the aged and damaged mitochondria are removed through a selective mode of autophagy called mitophagy. However, in different pathological conditions, this process is impaired in neuronal cells and lead to a variety of neurodegenerative disease (NDD). Various studies indicate that specific protein aggregates, the characteristics of different NDDs, affect this process of mitophagy, adding to the severity and progression of diseases. Though, the detailed process of this association is yet to be explored. In light of the significant role of impaired mitophagy in NDDs, further studies have also investigated a large number of therapeutic strategies to target mitophagy in these diseases. Our current review summarizes the abnormalities in different mitophagy pathways and their association with different NDDs. We have also elaborated upon various novel therapeutic strategies and their limitations to enhance mitophagy in NDDs that may help in the management of symptoms and increasing the life expectancy of NDD patients. Thus, our study provides an overview of mitophagy in NDDs and emphasizes the need to elucidate the mechanism of impaired mitophagy prevalent across different NDDs in future research. This will help designing better treatment options with high efficacy and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Mani
- Department of Biotechnology, Centre for Emerging Disease, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, India.
| | - Geeta Swargiary
- Department of Biotechnology, Centre for Emerging Disease, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, India
| | - Radhika Chadha
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA
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34
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Raeisossadati R, Ferrari MFR. Mitochondria-ER Tethering in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2020; 42:917-930. [PMID: 33196974 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-01008-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Organelles juxtaposition has been detected for decades, although only recently gained importance due to a pivotal role in the regulation of cellular processes dependent on membrane contact sites. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria interaction is a prime example of organelles contact sites. Mitochondria-associated membranes (MAM) are proposed to harbor ER-mitochondria tether complexes, mainly when these organelles are less than 30 nm apart. Dysfunctions of proteins located at the MAM are associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's, Alzheimer's and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, as well as neurodevelopmental disorders; hence any malfunction in MAM can potentially trigger cell death. This review will focus on the role of ER-mitochondria contact sites, regarding calcium homeostasis, lipid metabolism, autophagy, morphology and dynamics of mitochondria, mainly in the context of neurodegenerative diseases. Approaches that have been employed so far to study organelles contact sites, as well as methods that were not used in neurosciences yet, but are promising and accurate ways to unveil the functions of MAM during neurodegeneration, is also discussed in the present review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Raeisossadati
- Departamento de Genetica e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociencias, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Merari F R Ferrari
- Departamento de Genetica e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Biociencias, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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35
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Zanin M, Santos BFR, Antony PMA, Berenguer-Escuder C, Larsen SB, Hanss Z, Barbuti PA, Baumuratov AS, Grossmann D, Capelle CM, Weber J, Balling R, Ollert M, Krüger R, Diederich NJ, He FQ. Mitochondria interaction networks show altered topological patterns in Parkinson's disease. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2020; 6:38. [PMID: 33173039 PMCID: PMC7655803 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-020-00156-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is linked to pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, individual mitochondria-based analyses do not show a uniform feature in PD patients. Since mitochondria interact with each other, we hypothesize that PD-related features might exist in topological patterns of mitochondria interaction networks (MINs). Here we show that MINs formed nonclassical scale-free supernetworks in colonic ganglia both from healthy controls and PD patients; however, altered network topological patterns were observed in PD patients. These patterns were highly correlated with PD clinical scores and a machine-learning approach based on the MIN features alone accurately distinguished between patients and controls with an area-under-curve value of 0.989. The MINs of midbrain dopaminergic neurons (mDANs) derived from several genetic PD patients also displayed specific changes. CRISPR/CAS9-based genome correction of alpha-synuclein point mutations reversed the changes in MINs of mDANs. Our organelle-interaction network analysis opens another critical dimension for a deeper characterization of various complex diseases with mitochondrial dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Zanin
- Instituto de Física Interdisciplinar y Sistemas Complejos IFISC (UIB-CSIC), E-07122, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- Center for Biomedical Technology, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Campus of Montegancedo, E-28223, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bruno F R Santos
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Campus Belval, 6, Avenue du Swing, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
- Transversal Translational Medicine, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), 1A-B, rue Thomas Edison, L-1445, Strassen, Luxembourg
- Disease Modeling and Screening Platform (DMSP), Luxembourg Institute of Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg & Luxembourg Institute of Health, 6 avenue du Swing, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Paul M A Antony
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Campus Belval, 6, Avenue du Swing, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
- Disease Modeling and Screening Platform (DMSP), Luxembourg Institute of Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg & Luxembourg Institute of Health, 6 avenue du Swing, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Clara Berenguer-Escuder
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Campus Belval, 6, Avenue du Swing, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Simone B Larsen
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Campus Belval, 6, Avenue du Swing, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Zoé Hanss
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Campus Belval, 6, Avenue du Swing, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Peter A Barbuti
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Campus Belval, 6, Avenue du Swing, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
- Transversal Translational Medicine, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), 1A-B, rue Thomas Edison, L-1445, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Aidos S Baumuratov
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Campus Belval, 6, Avenue du Swing, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Dajana Grossmann
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Campus Belval, 6, Avenue du Swing, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Christophe M Capelle
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), 29, rue Henri Koch, L-4354, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Joseph Weber
- Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg (CHL) 4, Rue Nicolas Ernest Barblé, L-1210, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Rudi Balling
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Campus Belval, 6, Avenue du Swing, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Markus Ollert
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), 29, rue Henri Koch, L-4354, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center, Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis (ORCA), University of Southern Denmark, 5000C, Odense, Denmark
| | - Rejko Krüger
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Campus Belval, 6, Avenue du Swing, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg
- Transversal Translational Medicine, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), 1A-B, rue Thomas Edison, L-1445, Strassen, Luxembourg
- Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg (CHL) 4, Rue Nicolas Ernest Barblé, L-1210, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Nico J Diederich
- Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg (CHL) 4, Rue Nicolas Ernest Barblé, L-1210, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Feng Q He
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Campus Belval, 6, Avenue du Swing, L-4367, Belvaux, Luxembourg.
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), 29, rue Henri Koch, L-4354, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, D-45122, Essen, Germany.
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36
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Shirokova OM, Pchelin PV, Mukhina IV. MERCs. The Novel Assistant to Neurotransmission? Front Neurosci 2020; 14:589319. [PMID: 33240039 PMCID: PMC7680918 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.589319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In neuroscience, much attention is paid to intercellular interactions, in particular, to synapses. However, many researchers do not pay due attention to the contribution of intracellular contacts to the work of intercellular interactions. Nevertheless, along with synapses, intracellular contacts also have complex organization and a tremendous number of regulatory elements. Mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum contacts (MERCs) are a specific site of interaction between the two organelles; they provide a basis for a large number of cellular functions, such as calcium homeostasis, lipid metabolism, autophagy, and apoptosis. Despite the presence of these contacts in various parts of neurons and glial cells, it is yet not known whether they fulfill the same functions. There are still many unsolved questions about the work of these intracellular contacts, and one of the most important among them is if MERCs, with their broad implication into synaptic events, can be considered the assistant to neurotransmission?
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Affiliation(s)
- Olesya M Shirokova
- Central Scientific Research Laboratory, Institute of Fundamental Medicine, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Pavel V Pchelin
- Central Scientific Research Laboratory, Institute of Fundamental Medicine, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.,Department of Neurotechnology, Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Irina V Mukhina
- Central Scientific Research Laboratory, Institute of Fundamental Medicine, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.,Department of Neurotechnology, Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
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37
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Grossmann D, Berenguer-Escuder C, Chemla A, Arena G, Krüger R. The Emerging Role of RHOT1/Miro1 in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease. Front Neurol 2020; 11:587. [PMID: 33041957 PMCID: PMC7523470 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The expected increase in prevalence of Parkinson's disease (PD) as the most common neurodegenerative movement disorder over the next years underscores the need for a better understanding of the underlying molecular pathogenesis. Here, first insights provided by genetics over the last two decades, such as dysfunction of molecular and organellar quality control, are described. The mechanisms involved relate to impaired intracellular calcium homeostasis and mitochondrial dynamics, which are tightly linked to the cross talk between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria. A number of proteins related to monogenic forms of PD have been mapped to these pathways, i.e., PINK1, Parkin, LRRK2, and α-synuclein. Recently, Miro1 was identified as an important player, as several studies linked Miro1 to mitochondrial quality control by PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy and mitochondrial transport. Moreover, Miro1 is an important regulator of mitochondria-ER contact sites (MERCs), where it acts as a sensor for cytosolic calcium levels. The involvement of Miro1 in the pathogenesis of PD was recently confirmed by genetic evidence based on the first PD patients with heterozygous mutations in RHOT1/Miro1. Patient-based cellular models from RHOT1/Miro1 mutation carriers showed impaired calcium homeostasis, structural alterations of MERCs, and increased mitochondrial clearance. To account for the emerging role of Miro1, we present a comprehensive overview focusing on the role of this protein in PD-related neurodegeneration and highlighting new developments in our understanding of Miro1, which provide new avenues for neuroprotective therapies for PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dajana Grossmann
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg.,Section for Translational Neurodegeneration "Albrecht Kossel", Department of Neurology, Universitätsmedizin Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Clara Berenguer-Escuder
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Axel Chemla
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Giuseppe Arena
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Rejko Krüger
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg.,Parkinson Research Clinic, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg (CHL), Luxembourg, Luxembourg.,Transversal Translational Medicine, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Strassen, Luxembourg
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38
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Liao Y, Dong Y, Cheng J. The Molecular Determinants of Mitochondrial Membrane Contact With ER, Lysosomes and Peroxisomes in Neuronal Physiology and Pathology. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:194. [PMID: 32848610 PMCID: PMC7427582 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.00194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane tethering is an important communication method for membrane-packaged organelles. Mitochondria are organelles with a bilayer membrane, and the membrane contact between mitochondria and other organelles is indispensable for maintaining cellular homeostasis. Increased levels of molecular determinants that mediate the membrane contact between mitochondria and other organelles, and their functions, have been revealed in recent years. In this review article, we aim to summarize the findings on the tethering between mitochondria and other organelles in physiological or pathological conditions, and discuss their roles in cellular homeostasis, neural activity, and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajin Liao
- Center on Translational Neuroscience, College of Life & Environmental Science, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Dong
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jinbo Cheng
- Center on Translational Neuroscience, College of Life & Environmental Science, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
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