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Wadood AA, Xiquan Z. Unraveling the mysteries of chicken proteomics: Insights into follicle development and reproduction. J Proteomics 2024; 308:105281. [PMID: 39154802 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2024.105281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Chicken proteomics is a valuable method for comprehending the many mechanisms involved in follicle growth and reproduction in birds. This study offers a thorough summary of the latest progress in chicken proteomics research, specifically highlighting the knowledge obtained regarding follicle development and reproductive physiology. Proteomic studies have revealed essential proteins and pathways that play a role in follicle development, including those that control oocyte size, maturation, and ovulation. Proteomic investigations have provided insight into the molecular pathways that govern reproductive processes. By utilizing advanced proteomic technologies, including mass spectrometry and protein microarray analysis, we have been able to identify and measure many proteins in chicken follicles at their different developmental stages. The utilization of proteomic methods has enabled the identification of previously unknown biomarkers for reproductive efficiency that expedited the creation of innovative diagnostic instruments for monitoring reproductive health in chicken. Chicken proteomics not only offers insights into follicle growth and reproduction but also uncovers the effects of environmental influences on reproductive function. This provides new opportunities for exploring the molecular pathways that cause these effects. The integration of current data with upcoming proteomic technologies offers the potential for innovative strategies to enhance chicken reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armughan Ahmed Wadood
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhang Xiquan
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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2
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Ren P, Tong X, Li J, Jiang H, Liu S, Li X, Lai M, Yang W, Rong Y, Zhang Y, Jin J, Ma Y, Pan W, Fan HY, Zhang S, Zhang YL. CRL4 DCAF13 E3 ubiquitin ligase targets MeCP2 for degradation to prevent DNA hypermethylation and ensure normal transcription in growing oocytes. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:165. [PMID: 38578457 PMCID: PMC10997554 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05185-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
The DNA methylation is gradually acquired during oogenesis, a process sustained by successful follicle development. However, the functional roles of methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MeCP2), an epigenetic regulator displaying specifical binding with methylated DNA, remains unknown in oogenesis. In this study, we found MeCP2 protein was highly expressed in primordial and primary follicle, but was almost undetectable in secondary follicles. However, in aged ovary, MeCP2 protein is significantly increased in both oocyte and granulosa cells. Overexpression of MeCP2 in growing oocyte caused transcription dysregulation, DNA hypermethylation, and genome instability, ultimately leading to follicle growth arrest and apoptosis. MeCP2 is targeted by DCAF13, a substrate recognition adaptor of the Cullin 4-RING (CRL4) E3 ligase, and polyubiquitinated for degradation in both cells and oocytes. Dcaf13-null oocyte exhibited an accumulation of MeCP2 protein, and the partial rescue of follicle growth arrest induced by Dcaf13 deletion was observed following MeCP2 knockdown. The RNA-seq results revealed that large amounts of genes were regulated by the DCAF13-MeCP2 axis in growing oocytes. Our study demonstrated that CRL4DCAF13 E3 ubiquitin ligase targets MeCP2 for degradation to ensure normal DNA methylome and transcription in growing oocytes. Moreover, in aged ovarian follicles, deceased DCAF13 and DDB1 protein were observed, indicating a potential novel mechanism that regulates ovary aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Ren
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomei Tong
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junjian Li
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Huifang Jiang
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Siya Liu
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengru Lai
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weijie Yang
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Rong
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingyi Zhang
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiamin Jin
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yerong Ma
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiwei Pan
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, China
| | - Heng-Yu Fan
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Songying Zhang
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yin-Li Zhang
- Assisted Reproduction Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
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3
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Liu Y, Fan H, Kang X, Hao Y, Wang N, Zheng H, Li Y, Kang S. A rare germline BMP15 missense mutation causes hereditary ovarian immature teratoma in human. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2310409121. [PMID: 38427603 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2310409121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian immature teratomas (OITs) are malignant tumors originating from the ovarian germ cells that mainly occur during the first 30 y of a female's life. Early age of onset strongly suggests the presence of susceptibility gene mutations for the disease yet to be discovered. Whole exon sequencing was used to screen pathogenic mutations from pedigrees with OITs. A rare missense germline mutation (C262T) in the first exon of the BMP15 gene was identified. In silico calculation suggested that the mutation could impair the formation of mature peptides. In vitro experiments on cell lines confirmed that the mutation caused an 84.7% reduction in the secretion of mature BMP15. Clinical samples from OIT patients also showed a similar pattern of decrease in the BMP15 expression. In the transgenic mouse model, the spontaneous parthenogenetic activation significantly increased in oocytes carrying the T allele. Remarkably, a mouse carrying the T allele developed the phenotype of OIT. Oocyte-specific RNA sequencing revealed that abnormal activation of the H-Ras/MAPK pathway might contribute to the development of OIT. BMP15 was identified as a pathogenic gene for OIT which improved our understanding of the etiology of OIT and provided a potential biomarker for genetic screening of this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yakun Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Fourth Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Hongwei Fan
- Department of Gynecology, Fourth Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Xi Kang
- Department of Surgery, Fourth Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Yuntao Hao
- Department of Gynecology, Fourth Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Fourth Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Hui Zheng
- Nanjing Personal Oncology Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Nanjing, Jiangsu 211103, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Molecular Biology, Fourth Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Shan Kang
- Department of Gynecology, Fourth Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
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Liu B, Fu B, Zhou S, Wang H, Bi B, Guo M, Cheng JC, Fang L. Bone morphogenetic protein-9 downregulates StAR expression by inducing snail expression via SMAD1/5/8 signaling in human granulosa-lutein cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2024; 582:112126. [PMID: 38109991 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2023.112126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian steroidogenesis mediated by granulosa cells is pivotal in maintaining normal female reproductive function. The steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) regulates the rate-limiting step in steroidogenesis. Bone morphogenetic protein-9 (BMP-9), also known as growth differentiation factor-2 (GDF-2), is a member of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) superfamily. BMP-9 induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) that contributes to cancer progression. However, the function of BMP-9 in the female reproductive system remains largely unknown. It has been recently shown that BMP-9 is expressed in human follicular fluid and can downregulate StAR expression in human ovarian granulosa cells. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms warrant investigation. Our results show that treatment of primary granulosa-lutein (hGL) cells with BMP-9 downregulates StAR expression. In addition, two EMT-related transcription factors, Snail and Slug, are upregulated by the treatment of BMP-9. Using pharmacological inhibitors and a siRNA-mediated knockdown approach, we show that BMP-9 upregulates Snail and Slug expression by activating SMAD1/5/8 signaling. We also examine the effects of BMP-9 on SMAD-independent signaling pathways, including ERK1/2, p38, JNK, AKT, and CREB. However, none of them is affected by the BMP-9. Moreover, we use gain- and loss-of-function approaches to reveal that only Snail, not Slug, is required for the BMP-9-induced downregulation of StAR expression in hGL cells. This study increases the understanding of the physiology function of BMP-9 in hGL cells and provides important insights into the regulation of StAR expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boqun Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Bingxin Fu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Shenghui Zhou
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Hailong Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Beibei Bi
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Manman Guo
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Jung-Chien Cheng
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Lanlan Fang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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5
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Richani D, Poljak A, Wang B, Mahbub SB, Biazik J, Campbell JM, Habibalahi A, Stocker WA, Marinova MB, Nixon B, Bustamante S, Skerrett-Byrne D, Harrison CA, Goldys E, Gilchrist RB. Oocyte and cumulus cell cooperativity and metabolic plasticity under the direction of oocyte paracrine factors. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2024; 326:E366-E381. [PMID: 38197792 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00148.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Mammalian oocytes develop and mature in a mutually dependent relationship with surrounding cumulus cells. The oocyte actively regulates cumulus cell differentiation and function by secreting soluble paracrine oocyte-secreted factors (OSFs). We characterized the molecular mechanisms by which two model OSFs, cumulin and BMP15, regulate oocyte maturation and cumulus-oocyte cooperativity. Exposure to these OSFs during mouse oocyte maturation in vitro altered the proteomic and multispectral autofluorescence profiles of both the oocyte and cumulus cells. In oocytes, cumulin significantly upregulated proteins involved in nuclear function. In cumulus cells, both OSFs elicited marked upregulation of a variety of metabolic processes (mostly anabolic), including lipid, nucleotide, and carbohydrate metabolism, whereas mitochondrial metabolic processes were downregulated. The mitochondrial changes were validated by functional assays confirming altered mitochondrial morphology, respiration, and content while maintaining ATP homeostasis. Collectively, these data demonstrate that cumulin and BMP15 remodel cumulus cell metabolism, instructing them to upregulate their anabolic metabolic processes, while routine cellular functions are minimized in the oocyte during maturation, in preparation for ensuing embryonic development.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Oocyte-secreted factors (OSFs) promote oocyte and cumulus cell cooperativity by altering the molecular composition of both cell types. OSFs downregulate protein catabolic processes and upregulate processes associated with DNA binding, translation, and ribosome assembly in oocytes. In cumulus cells, OSFs alter mitochondrial number, morphology, and function, and enhance metabolic plasticity by upregulating anabolic pathways. Hence, the oocyte via OSFs, instructs cumulus cells to increase metabolic processes on its behalf, thereby subduing oocyte metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dulama Richani
- Fertility & Research Centre, Discipline of Women's Health, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anne Poljak
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Baily Wang
- Fertility & Research Centre, Discipline of Women's Health, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Saabah B Mahbub
- ARC Centre of Excellence Centre for Nanoscale Biophotonics, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Joanna Biazik
- Electron Microscope Unit, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jared M Campbell
- ARC Centre of Excellence Centre for Nanoscale Biophotonics, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Abbas Habibalahi
- ARC Centre of Excellence Centre for Nanoscale Biophotonics, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - William A Stocker
- Department of Physiology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Maria B Marinova
- Fertility & Research Centre, Discipline of Women's Health, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Brett Nixon
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sonia Bustamante
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David Skerrett-Byrne
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Craig A Harrison
- Department of Physiology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ewa Goldys
- Electron Microscope Unit, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Robert B Gilchrist
- Fertility & Research Centre, Discipline of Women's Health, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Li M, Liang W, Luo Y, Wang J, Liu X, Li S, Hao Z. Transforming growth factor-β1 mediates the SMAD4/BMF pathway to regulate ovarian granulosa cell apoptosis in small tail Han sheep. Theriogenology 2024; 214:360-369. [PMID: 37979327 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 is an important multifunctional cytokine in the TGF-β signaling pathway, which is involved in the molecular regulation of multiple activities, including follicle development and ovulation in female reproductive physiology. However, the biological function of TGF-β1 in follicular development and in regulating the proliferation or apoptosis of granulosa cells in small tail Han sheep remain unclear. In this study, we analyzed the expression levels of TGF-β1 in the ovary at the follicular stage in small tail Han sheep. We further examined the effects of TGF-β1 on the viability, proliferation, and apoptosis of granulosa cells. Differential expression of TGF-β1 at the mRNA and protein levels was detected in the ovaries between the beginning of estrus and at preovulation. Cell Counting Kit-8, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) labeling, and flow cytometry assays showed that adding 5 and 10 ng/mL TGF-β1 could improve the viability and growth rate, reduce the apoptosis rate, and reduce the expression level of the pro-apoptotic factor Bcl-2-modifying factor (BMF) in granulosa cells. Treatment of 10 ng/mL TGF-β1 at all time points (except 72 h) significantly increased the positive rate of EdU labeling compared to that of the control group. RNA interference of SMAD4 reversed the decreased apoptosis rate caused by stimulation with 10 ng/mL TGF-β1, accompanied by a corresponding increase in the BMF expression level. Collectively, these results indicate that TGF-β1 plays a role in the ovarian follicular-phase activity of small tail Han sheep by inhibiting the apoptosis of sheep granulosa cells through the SMAD4/BMF pathway to promote proliferation and vitality. This study provides new insight into the molecular mechanism underlying TGF-β1 function regulation in granulosa cells, suggests a new target for the regulation of follicle development, and expands the new field of animal reproduction regulation technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingna Li
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Weiwei Liang
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Yuzhu Luo
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Jiqing Wang
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Xiu Liu
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Shaobin Li
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Zhiyun Hao
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
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7
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Swinerd GW, Alhussini AA, Sczelecki S, Heath D, Mueller TD, McNatty KP, Pitman JL. Molecular forms of BMP15 and GDF9 in mammalian species that differ in litter size. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22428. [PMID: 38104237 PMCID: PMC10725505 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49852-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP15) and growth differentiation factor (GDF9) are critical for ovarian follicular development and fertility and are associated with litter size in mammals. These proteins initially exist as pre-pro-mature proteins, that are subsequently cleaved into biologically active forms. Thus, the molecular forms of GDF9 and BMP15 may provide the key to understanding the differences in litter size determination in mammals. Herein, we compared GDF9 and BMP15 forms in mammals with high (pigs) and low to moderate (sheep) and low (red deer) ovulation-rate. In all species, oocyte lysates and secretions contained both promature and mature forms of BMP15 and GDF9. Whilst promature and mature GDF9 levels were similar between species, deer produced more BMP15 and exhibited, together with sheep, a higher promature:mature BMP15 ratio. N-linked glycosylation was prominant in proregion and mature GDF9 and in proregion BMP15 of pigs, and present in proregion GDF9 of sheep. There was no evidence of secreted native homo- or hetero-dimers although a GDF9 dimer in red deer oocyte lysate was detected. In summary, GDF9 appeared to be equally important in all species regardless of litter size, whilst BMP15 levels were highest in strict monovulatory species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gene W Swinerd
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Abdulaziz A Alhussini
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Sarah Sczelecki
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Derek Heath
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Thomas D Mueller
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-Von-Sachs Institute of the University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Kenneth P McNatty
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Janet L Pitman
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand.
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8
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Zhang CH, Liu XY, Wang J. Essential Role of Granulosa Cell Glucose and Lipid Metabolism on Oocytes and the Potential Metabolic Imbalance in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16247. [PMID: 38003436 PMCID: PMC10671516 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Granulosa cells are crucial for the establishment and maintenance of bidirectional communication among oocytes. Various intercellular material exchange modes, including paracrine and gap junction, are used between them to achieve the efficient delivery of granulosa cell structural components, energy substrates, and signaling molecules to oocytes. Glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism are two basic energy metabolism pathways in granulosa cells; these are involved in the normal development of oocytes. Pyruvate, produced by granulosa cell glycolysis, is an important energy substrate for oocyte development. Granulosa cells regulate changes in intrafollicular hormone levels through the processing of steroid hormones to control the development process of oocytes. This article reviews the material exchange between oocytes and granulosa cells and expounds the significance of granulosa cells in the development of oocytes through both glucose metabolism and lipid metabolism. In addition, we discuss the effects of glucose and lipid metabolism on oocytes under pathological conditions and explore its relationship to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). A series of changes were found in the endogenous molecules and ncRNAs that are related to glucose and lipid metabolism in granulosa cells under PCOS conditions. These findings provide a new therapeutic target for patients with PCOS; additionally, there is potential for improving the fertility of patients with PCOS and the clinical outcomes of assisted reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Hua Zhang
- Queen Mary School, Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (C.-H.Z.); (X.-Y.L.)
| | - Xiang-Yi Liu
- Queen Mary School, Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; (C.-H.Z.); (X.-Y.L.)
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
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9
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Yan X, Hou L, Zhang C. FOXG1 is involved in mouse ovarian functions and embryogenesis. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2023; 233:106372. [PMID: 37536505 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2023.106372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
TGF-β superfamily has long been demonstrated to be essential for folliculogenesis and luteinization. Forkhead box G1 (FOXG1, also known as BF1), a member of the FOX family and an inhibitor of TGF-β signaling pathway, is a nucleocytoplasmic transcription factor that is essential for forebrain development. FOXG1 is involved in neurodevelopment and cancer pathology, however, little is known about the role of FOXG1 in reproduction. In this study, the spatiotemporal expression pattern of FOXG1 was examined during early mouse oocyte and embryonic development and its role during corpora luteum (CL) formation was further elucidated. The results showed that FOXG1 is localized in oocytes, theca cells (TCs) and CLs. After fertilization, FOXG1 is expressed at all stages during early embryogenesis, from zygotes to blastocysts. Following gonadotropin administration in immature mice, the expression of Foxg1 significantly increased along with steroidogenic genes, including Star, Hsd3β, Cyp11a1, as well as Cyp17a1 and Cyp19a1. The latter two first increased after pregnant mare serum gonadotropin stimulation, then decreased in response to hCG treatment. In addition, silencing of Foxg1 significantly reduced the concentration of testosterone and estrogen in cultured primary granulosa cells (GCs) and TCs (P < 0.05). Mechanistic studies demonstrated that the expression level of genes that are critical in estrogen synthesis were significantly reduced after Foxg1 silencing, including Cyp17a1 and Cyp19a1. In conclusion, FOXG1 is expressed in a stage-specific manner during folliculogenesis and embryogenesis and exerts a regulatory influence on testosterone and estrogen synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Yan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200135, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Research, Medical College of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Linlin Hou
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Cong Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200135, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China.
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10
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Lim J, Lee HL, Nguyen J, Shin J, Getze S, Quach C, Squire E, Jung KM, Mahler SV, Mackie K, Piomelli D, Luderer U. Adolescent exposure to low-dose Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol depletes the ovarian reserve in female mice. Toxicol Sci 2023; 193:31-47. [PMID: 36912754 PMCID: PMC10176244 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfad027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cannabis use by adolescents is widespread, but its effects on the ovaries remain largely unknown. Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) exerts its pharmacological effects by activating, and in some conditions hijacking, cannabinoid receptors (CBRs). We hypothesized that adolescent exposure to THC affects ovarian function in adulthood. Peripubertal female C57BL/6N mice were given THC (5 mg/kg) or its vehicle, once daily by intraperitoneal injection. Some mice received THC from postnatal day (PND) 30-33 and their ovaries were harvested PND34; other mice received THC from PND30-43, and their ovaries were harvested PND70. Adolescent treatment with THC depleted ovarian primordial follicle numbers by 50% at PND70, 4 weeks after the last dose. The treatment produced primordial follicle activation, which persisted until PND70. THC administration also caused DNA damage in primary follicles and increased PUMA protein expression in oocytes of primordial and primary follicles. Both CB1R and CB2R were expressed in oocytes and theca cells of ovarian follicles. Enzymes involved in the formation (N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine phospholipase D) or deactivation (fatty acid amide hydrolase) of the endocannabinoid anandamide were expressed in granulosa cells of ovarian follicles and interstitial cells. Levels of mRNA for CBR1 were significantly increased in ovaries after adolescent THC exposure, and upregulation persisted for at least 4 weeks. Our results support that adolescent exposure to THC may cause aberrant activation of the ovarian endocannabinoid system in female mice, resulting in substantial loss of ovarian reserve in adulthood. Relevance of these findings to women who frequently used cannabis during adolescence warrants investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhwan Lim
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
- Dept. of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Hye-Lim Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Julie Nguyen
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Joyce Shin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Samantha Getze
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Caitlin Quach
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Erica Squire
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Kwang-Mook Jung
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Stephen V Mahler
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Ken Mackie
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - Daniele Piomelli
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Ulrike Luderer
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
- Dept. of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
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11
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Fraire-Zamora JJ, Sharma K, Ammar OF, Massarotti C, Ali ZE, Telfer EE, Williams S, Ata B, Liperis G. Mind the gap: deciphering the role of anti-Müllerian hormone in follicular development-from animal studies toward clinical application. Hum Reprod 2023:7131353. [PMID: 37075310 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dead075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kashish Sharma
- HealthPlus Fertility and Women's Health Centre, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Omar F Ammar
- Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Claudia Massarotti
- Academic Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
- DINOGMI Department, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Zoya E Ali
- Research & Development Department, Hertility Health Limited, London, UK
| | - Evelyn E Telfer
- University of Edinburgh Institute of Cell Biology, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Suzannah Williams
- Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Baris Ata
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
- ART Fertility Clinics, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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12
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Ma X, Liu A, Tian S. A meta-analysis of mRNA expression profiling studies in sheep with different FecB genotypes. Anim Genet 2023; 54:225-238. [PMID: 36811249 DOI: 10.1111/age.13304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
The FecB mutation in the sheep BMPRIB is strongly correlated with high ovulation traits but its mechanism remains unclear. This study explored differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and their associated molecular mechanisms that may be involved in FecB mutation-induced high ovulation from the perspective of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis. The PubMed, EMBASE, CNKI, WanFang, and CBM databases were searched for eligible articles published before August 2022, focusing on mRNA sequencing of different tissues in the HPG axis in sheep with different FecB genotypes. A total of 6555 DEGs were identified from the analysis of six published articles and experimental results from our laboratory. The DEGs were screened by vote-counting rank and robust rank aggregation. Among these, in the follicular phase, FKBP5, CDCA7 and CRABP1 were upregulated in the hypothalamus. INSM2 was upregulated, while LDB3 was downregulated in the pituitary. CLU, SERPINA14, PENK, INHA and STAR were upregulated, while FERMT2 and NPY1R were downregulated in the ovary. On the HPG axis, TAC1 was upregulated and NPNT was downregulated. Many DEGs were found in sheep with different FecB genotypes. The genes FKBP5, CDCA7, CRABP1, INSM2, LDB3, CLU, SERPINA14, PENK, INHA, STAR, FERMT2, NPY1R, TAC1 and NPNT, may be associated with FecB mutation-induced high ovulation in different tissues. These candidate genes will further improve the mechanism of multiple fertility traits induced by the FecB mutation from the perspective of the HPG axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Aiju Liu
- Department of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Engineering, Cangzhou Technical College, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Shujun Tian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
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13
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Ma Y, Du C, Xie X, Zhang Y, Wang C, Xu J, Xia G, Yang Y. To explore the regulatory role of Wnt/P53/Caspase3 signal in mouse ovarian development based on LFQ proteomics. J Proteomics 2023; 272:104772. [PMID: 36414229 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2022.104772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Early ovarian follicular development is regulated by multiple proteins and signaling pathways, including the Wnt gene. To explore the regulatory mechanism of Wnt signaling on early ovarian follicular development, ovaries from 17.5 days post coitum (17.5 dpc) mice were collected and cultured in vitro for four days in the presence of IWP2 as a Wnt activity inhibitor and KN93 as a CaMKII inhibitor. LFQ proteomics technique was then used to analyze the significant differentially abundant (P-SDA) 93 and 262 proteins in the IWP2 and KN93 groups, respectively. Of these, 63 up-regulated proteins and 30 down-regulated proteins were identified for IWP2, along with 3 significant KEGG pathways (P < 0.05). For the KN93 group, 168 up-regulated proteins and 94 down-regulated ones were P-SDA, with 9 significant KEGG pathways also noted (P < 0.05). In both IWP2 and KN93 groups, key pathways (Wnt signaling pathway, Notch signaling pathway, P53 signaling pathway, TGF-β signaling pathway, ovarian steroid production) and metabolic regulation (energy metabolism, metal ion metabolism) were found to be related to early ovarian follicular development. Finally, western blotting demonstrated the regulatory role of Wnt/P53/Caspase3 signaling pathway in mouse ovarian development. These results contribute new knowledge to the understanding of regulatory factors of early ovarian follicular development. SIGNIFICANCE: In this study, label-free quantification (LFQ) was used in combination with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometer (LC-MS/MS) to study potential changes in the proteomic profiles of embryonic mice subjected to Wnt inhibitor IWP2 and CaMKIIinhibitor KN93. In addition, bioinformatics and comparative analyses were performed using publicly available proteomics databases to further explore the underlying mechanisms associated with early mouse ovarian growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yabo Ma
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China; School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China
| | - Changzheng Du
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China; School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China
| | - Xianguo Xie
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China; School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China; School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China; School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China; State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinrui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China; School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China
| | - Guoliang Xia
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China; School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China; State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China; School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China.
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14
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Bedenk J, Režen T, Jančar N, Geršak K, Virant Klun I. Effect of In Vitro Maturation of Human Oocytes Obtained After Controlled Ovarian Hormonal Stimulation on the Expression of Development- and Zona Pellucida-Related Genes and Their Interactions. Reprod Sci 2023; 30:667-677. [PMID: 35915350 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-022-01047-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In an in vitro fertilization program, approximately 10-15% of oocytes obtained after controlled ovarian stimulation are immature, with germinal vesicles (GVs). These oocytes are usually discarded in clinical practice; however, an in vitro maturation (IVM) procedure can be applied to mature them. There are scarce data in the literature on the effect of IVM on the expression of important development- and zona pellucida (ZP)-related genes in human oocytes; therefore, we wanted to determine this. One hundred nine human oocytes were collected from patients enrolled in an intracytoplasmic sperm injection program. The expression of the BMP4, GDF9, ZP1, ZP2, ZP3, and ZP4 genes was analyzed using RT-qPCR in oocytes matured in vitro with different reproductive hormones in the IVM medium (AMH, FSH + hCG, FSH + hCG + AMH), in in vivo matured oocytes and in immature oocytes with GVs. No statistically significant differences in the expression of selected genes in oocytes were observed among groups with different reproductive hormones in IVM medium. However, several interesting significant correlations were found between BMP4 and GDF9, and ZP1 and ZP4; between GDF9 and ZP1, and ZP2 and ZP4; and between ZP1 and ZP3 and ZP4 in the in vitro matured oocytes, while no such correlations were present in other groups of oocytes. The type of reproductive hormone in the maturation medium does not affect the expression of the analyzed genes in oocytes during the maturation process. However, the in vitro maturation procedure itself generated correlations among analyzed genes that were otherwise not present in in vivo matured and immature oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jure Bedenk
- Clinical Research Centre, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Tadeja Režen
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Centre for Functional Genomics and Bio-Chips, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nina Jančar
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ksenija Geršak
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Irma Virant Klun
- Clinical Research Centre, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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15
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Simulated microgravity reduces quality of ovarian follicles and oocytes by disrupting communications of follicle cells. NPJ Microgravity 2023; 9:7. [PMID: 36690655 PMCID: PMC9870914 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-023-00248-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian follicles are the fundamental structures that support oocyte development, and communications between oocytes and follicle somatic cells are crucial for oogenesis. However, it is unknown that whether exposure to microgravity influences cellular communications and ovarian follicle development, which might be harmful for female fertility. By 3D culturing of ovarian follicles under simulated microgravity (SMG) conditions in a rotating cell culture system, we found that SMG treatment did not affect the survival or general growth of follicles but decreased the quality of cultured follicles released oocytes. Ultrastructure detections by high-resolution imaging showed that the development of cellular communicating structures, including granulosa cell transzonal projections and oocyte microvilli, were markedly disrupted. These abnormalities caused chaotic polarity of granulosa cells (GCs) and a decrease in oocyte-secreted factors, such as Growth Differentiation Factor 9 (GDF9), which led to decreased quality of oocytes in these follicles. Therefore, the quality of oocytes was dramatically improved by the supplementations of GDF9 and NADPH-oxidase inhibitor apocynin. Together, our results suggest that exposure to simulated microgravity impairs the ultrastructure of ovarian follicles. Such impairment may affect female fertility in space environment.
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16
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Guo Y, Liu M, Mfoundou JDL, Wang X. Expression and distribution patterns of VEGF, TGF‐β
1
and HIF‐1α in the ovarian follicles of Tibetan sheep. Vet Med Sci 2022; 8:2223-2229. [PMID: 36044612 PMCID: PMC9514499 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α (HIF‐1α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF‐β1) are multifunctional growth factors that play an important role in follicular growth and development. However, its biological function in the follicular development of Tibetan sheep at different stages has not been described. Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of VEGF, TGF‐β1 and HIF‐1α expression and distribution on the development of follicles of different sizes. Methods Immunohistochemistry (IHC), western blot (WB) and quantification real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) were used to detect the localisation and quantitative expression of VEGF, TGF‐β1 and HIF‐1α proteins and mRNA in small‐ (< 3 mm), medium‐ (3 mm < diameter < 5 mm)‐, and large‐ (> 5 mm) sized follicles. Results The results showed that the proteins VEGF, TGF‐β1 and HIF‐1α, as well as their mRNA, were expressed in follicles. However, the expression in medium‐sized follicles was significantly higher than that in large‐ and small‐sized follicles (p <0.05). IHC also showed that the proteins VEGF, TGF‐β1, and HIF‐1α were distributed in granulosa cells (GCs) in small‐, medium‐, and large‐sized follicles. Conclusions This study indicates that VEGF, TGF‐β1 and HIF‐1α, which operate in an autocrine or paracrine manner with the GCs, influence the follicular progressive growth, suggesting that these growth factors are closely associated with the follicular growth and development in ovarian.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology Gansu Agricultural University Lanzhou China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture College of Animal Science and Technology China Agricultural University Beijing China
| | - Miaomiao Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology Gansu Agricultural University Lanzhou China
| | | | - Xinrong Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology Gansu Agricultural University Lanzhou China
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17
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Liu M, Zhang D, Zhou X, Duan J, Hu Y, Zhang W, Liu Q, Xu B, Zhang A. Cell-free fat extract improves ovarian function and fertility in mice with premature ovarian insufficiency. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:320. [PMID: 35842669 PMCID: PMC9288692 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03012-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a refractory disease that seriously affects the reproductive health of women and is increasing in incidence and prevalence globally. There is enormous demand to improve fertility in women with POI, while there is still lack of effective therapeutic methods in clinic. Cell-free fat extract (CEFFE) has been reported to contain thousands of active proteins which possess the ability to promote tissue repair in other diseases. In our study, we aimed to observe the efficacy and biosecurity of CEFFE on the repair of ovarian function and fertility of mice with POI and further explore the underlying mechanism. Methods In vivo, POI mice model, established by cyclophosphamide (CTX, 120 mg/kg) and busulfan (BUS, 12 mg/kg), was treated with CEFFE via the tail vein every two days for 2 weeks. Then, the weight of ovaries, estrous cycle and follicle count by H&E staining were measured. The content of AMH, E2 and FSH in serum was measured by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Fertility was evaluated by the number of oocytes retrieved, the development of embryos in vitro and the litter size. Biosecurity of parent mice and their pups were examined by body mass and visceral index. The proliferation and apoptosis of cells in ovaries were examined by immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscopy. Furthermore, the mRNA-Seq of mouse ovarian granulosa cells was performed to explore underlying mechanism of CEFFE. In vitro, KGN cell line and human primary ovarian granulosa cells (hGCs) were treated with 250 μM CTX for 48 h with/without CEFFE. The proliferative ability of cells was detected by cell counting kit-8 assay (CCK-8) and EDU test; the apoptosis of cells was detected by TUNEL and flow cytometry. Results CEFFE recovered the content of AMH, E2 and FSH in serum, increased the number of follicles and the retrieved oocytes of POI mice (P < 0.05). CEFFE contributed to the development of embryos and improved the litter size of POI mice (P < 0.05). There was no side effect of CEFFE on parent mice and their pups. CEFFE contributed to the proliferation and inhibited the apoptosis of mouse granulosa cells in ovary, as well as in human ovarian granulosa cells (including KGN cell line and hGCs) (P < 0.05). Conclusions The treatment of CEFFE inhibited the apoptosis of granulosa cells and contributed to the recovery of ovarian function, as well as the fertility of mice with POI. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-022-03012-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Liu
- Reproductive Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhou
- Reproductive Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Jingru Duan
- Reproductive Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yanqin Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histoembryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histoembryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Bufang Xu
- Reproductive Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Aijun Zhang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, 200135, China.
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18
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Oxidative Stress and Human Ovarian Response—From Somatic Ovarian Cells to Oocytes Damage: A Clinical Comprehensive Narrative Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071335. [PMID: 35883826 PMCID: PMC9311552 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Basic scientific research on human reproduction and oxidative damage has been extensively performed; however, a more clinical view is still lacking. As a result, exhaustive data on the influence of oxidative stress on human ovarian response and, consequently, on fertility are still lacking. This narrative review aims at summarizing the role of oxidative stress in different conditions associated to female infertility and to list some of the main antioxidant agents. A systematic literature search was performed in May 2022 to retrieve studies regarding the oxidative stress and the human ovarian response from somatic ovarian cells to oocytes damage. Only human studies were included and the authors focused their review, in particular, on clinical implications in order to define a new research perspective on the assessment of any eventual strategy to preserve women’s fertility. Thereby, the authors evaluated the contribution of DNA repair pathways in improving women’s fertility by reducing the DNA damage associated with aging or diseases, such as endometriosis or polycystic ovary syndrome, and eventually, in prolonging the reproductive lifespan after cancer treatment.
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19
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Chitosan Oligosaccharides Alleviate H2O2-stimulated Granulosa Cell Damage via HIF-1α Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:4247042. [PMID: 35401926 PMCID: PMC8993563 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4247042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Oocyte maturation disorder and decreased quality are the main causes of infertility in women, and granulosa cells (GCs) provide the only microenvironment for oocyte maturation through autocrine and paracrine signaling by steroid hormones and growth factors. However, chronic inflammation and oxidative stress caused by ovarian hypoxia are the largest contributors to ovarian aging and GC dysfunction. Therefore, the amelioration of chronic inflammation and oxidative stress is expected to be a pivotal method to improve GC function and oocyte quality. In this study, we detected the protective effect of chitosan oligosaccharides (COS), on hydrogen peroxide- (H2O2-) stimulated oxidative damage in a human ovarian granulosa cell line (KGN). COS significantly increased cell viability, mitochondrial function, and the cellular glutathione (GSH) content and reduced apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) content, and the levels of 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), and vascular endothelial-derived growth factor (VEGF) in H2O2-stimulated KGN cells. COS treatment significantly increased levels of the TGF-β1 and IL-10 proteins and decreased levels of the IL-6 protein. Compared with H2O2-stimulated KGN cells, COS significantly increased the levels of E2 and P4 and decreased SA-β-gal protein expression. Furthermore, COS caused significant inactivation of the HIF-1α-VEGF pathway in H2O2-stimulated KGN cells. Moreover, inhibition of this pathway enhanced the inhibitory effects of COS on H2O2-stimulated oxidative injury and apoptosis in GCs. Thus, COS protected GCs from H2O2-stimulated oxidative damage and apoptosis by inactivating the HIF-1α-VEGF signaling pathway. In the future, COS might represent a therapeutic approach for ameliorating disrupted follicle development.
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20
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Strączyńska P, Papis K, Morawiec E, Czerwiński M, Gajewski Z, Olejek A, Bednarska-Czerwińska A. Signaling mechanisms and their regulation during in vivo or in vitro maturation of mammalian oocytes. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2022; 20:37. [PMID: 35209923 PMCID: PMC8867761 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-022-00906-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro fertilization (IVF) is currently one of the most effective methods of infertility treatment. An alternative to commonly used ovarian hyperstimulation can become extracorporeal maturation of oocytes (in vitro maturation; IVM). Fertilization and normal development of the embryo depends on the cytoplasmic, nuclear and genomic maturity of the oocyte. The microenvironment of the ovarian follicle and maternal signals, which mediate bidirectional communication between granulosa, cumulus and oocyte cells, influence the growth, maturation and acquisition of oocyte development capability. During oogenesis in mammals, the meiosis is inhibited in the oocyte at the prophase I of the meiotic division due to the high cAMP level. This level is maintained by the activity of C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP, NPPC) produced by granulosa cells. The CNP binds to the NPR2 receptor in cumulus cells and is responsible for the production of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). The cGMP penetrating into the oocyte through gap junctions inhibits phosphodiesterase 3A (PDE3A), preventing cAMP hydrolysis responsible for low MPF activity. The LH surge during the reproductive cycle reduces the activity of the CNP/NPR2 complex, which results in a decrease in cGMP levels in cumulus cells and consequently in the oocyte. Reduced cGMP concentration unblocks the hydrolytic activity of PDE3A, which decreases cAMP level inside the oocyte. This leads to the activation of MPF and resumption of meiosis. The latest IVM methods called SPOM, NFSOM or CAPA IVM consist of two steps: prematuration and maturation itself. Taking into account the role of cAMP in inhibiting and then unblocking the maturation of oocytes, they have led to a significant progress in terms of the percentage of mature oocytes in vitro and the proportion of properly developed embryos in both animals and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Strączyńska
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Oncological Gynecology in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
- Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
- Gyncentrum Fertility Clinic, Katowice, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Papis
- Center for Translational Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
- nOvum Fertility Clinic, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Emilia Morawiec
- Gyncentrum Fertility Clinic, Katowice, Poland
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, University of Technology in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - Zdzisław Gajewski
- Center for Translational Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anita Olejek
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Oncological Gynecology in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
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21
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Sun C, Yang X, Wang T, Cheng M, Han Y. Ovarian Biomechanics: From Health to Disease. Front Oncol 2022; 11:744257. [PMID: 35070963 PMCID: PMC8776636 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.744257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomechanics is a physical phenomenon which mainly related with deformation and movement of life forms. As a mechanical signal, it participates in the growth and development of many tissues and organs, including ovary. Mechanical signals not only participate in multiple processes in the ovary but also play a critical role in ovarian growth and normal physiological functions. Additionally, the involvement of mechanical signals has been found in ovarian cancer and other ovarian diseases, prompting us to focus on the roles of mechanical signals in the process of ovarian health to disease. This review mainly discusses the effects and signal transduction of biomechanics (including elastic force, shear force, compressive stress and tensile stress) in ovarian development as a regulatory signal, as well as in the pathological process of normal ovarian diseases and cancer. This review also aims to provide new research ideas for the further research and treatment of ovarian-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchen Sun
- School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Xiaoxu Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Tianxiao Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Min Cheng
- Department of Physiology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yangyang Han
- School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
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22
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Long X, Yang Q, Qian J, Yao H, Yan R, Cheng X, Zhang Q, Gu C, Gao F, Wang H, Zhang L, Guo F. Obesity modulates cell-cell interactions during ovarian folliculogenesis. iScience 2022; 25:103627. [PMID: 35005562 PMCID: PMC8718989 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is known to affect female reproduction, as evidenced by obese patients suffering from subfertility and abnormal oogenesis. However, the underlying mechanisms by which obesity impairs folliculogenesis are poorly documented. Here, we performed comprehensive single-cell transcriptome analysis in both regular diet (RD) and obese mouse models to systematically uncover how obesity affects ovarian follicle cells and their interactions. We found an increased proportion of Inhbb highly expressed granulosa cells (GCs) among all the GC subpopulations in obese mice. Under obese conditions, excessive androgen secreted from endocrine theca cells (ETCs) may contribute to the imbalanced change of GC subtypes through ETCs-GCs interactions. This is alleviated by enzalutamide, an androgen receptor antagonist. We also identified and confirmed typical GC markers, such as Marcks and Prkar2b, for sensitive evaluation of female fertility in obesity. These data represent a resource for studying transcriptional networks and cell-cell interactions during folliculogenesis under physiological and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Long
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiuyun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jingjing Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Huiying Yao
- West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Rui Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
- West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xin Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
- West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Qiancheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chan Gu
- West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Fei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hongmei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Corresponding author
| | - Fan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Corresponding author
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23
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Zhou W, Zhang T, Lian Y, Zhang W, Yang M, Li Y, Wang L, Yan X. Exosomal lncRNA and mRNA profiles in polycystic ovary syndrome: bioinformatic analysis reveals disease-related networks. Reprod Biomed Online 2022; 44:777-790. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2022.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Single-Cell Transcriptomics Analysis of Human Small Antral Follicles. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111955. [PMID: 34769386 PMCID: PMC8584910 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Human ovarian folliculogenesis is a highly regulated and complex process. Characterization of follicular cell signatures during this dynamic process is important to understand follicle fate (to grow, become dominant, or undergo atresia). The transcriptional signature of human oocytes and granulosa cells (GCs) in early-growing and ovulatory follicles have been previously described; however, that of oocytes with surrounding GCs in small antral follicles have not been studied yet. Here, we have generated a unique dataset of single-cell transcriptomics (SmartSeq2) consisting of the oocyte with surrounding GCs from several individual (non-dominant) small antral follicles isolated from adult human ovaries. We have identified two main types of (healthy) follicles, with a distinct oocyte and GC signature. Using the CellphoneDB algorithm, we then investigated the bi-directional ligand–receptor interactions regarding the transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ)/bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), wingless-type (MMTV)-integration site (WNT), NOTCH, and receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) signaling pathways between oocyte and GCs within each antral follicle type. Our work not only revealed the diversity of small antral follicles, but also contributes to fill the gap in mapping the molecular landscape of human folliculogenesis and oogenesis.
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25
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Magro-Lopez E, Muñoz-Fernández MÁ. The Role of BMP Signaling in Female Reproductive System Development and Function. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11927. [PMID: 34769360 PMCID: PMC8584982 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are a group of multifunctional growth factors that belong to the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily of proteins. Originally identified by their ability to induce bone formation, they are now known as essential signaling molecules that regulate the development and function of the female reproductive system (FRS). Several BMPs play key roles in aspects of reproductive system development. BMPs have also been described to be involved in the differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) into reproductive system tissues or organoids. The role of BMPs in the reproductive system is still poorly understood and the use of FRS tissue or organoids generated from hPSCs would provide a powerful tool for the study of FRS development and the generation of new therapeutic perspectives for the treatment of FRS diseases. Therefore, the aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge about BMP signaling in FRS development and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmeralda Magro-Lopez
- Section Immunology, Laboratorio InmunoBiología Molecular, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón (HGUGM), 28007 Madrid, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), 28007 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Muñoz-Fernández
- Section Immunology, Laboratorio InmunoBiología Molecular, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón (HGUGM), 28007 Madrid, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), 28007 Madrid, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28007 Madrid, Spain
- Spanish HIV-HGM BioBank, 28007 Madrid, Spain
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26
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Spicer LJ, Schutz LF, Aad PY. Effects of bone morphogenetic protein 4, gremlin, and connective tissue growth factor on estradiol and progesterone production by bovine granulosa cells. J Anim Sci 2021; 99:6415266. [PMID: 34724558 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skab318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are members of the transforming growth factor-β family of proteins that have been implicated in the paracrine regulation of granulosa cell (GC) function, but whether responses to BMPs change with follicular size or interact with connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) or BMP antagonists (e.g., gremlin [GREM]) to directly affect GC function of cattle is unknown. Therefore, to determine the effects of BMP4 on proliferation and steroidogenesis of GCs and its interaction with GREM or CTGF, experiments were conducted using bovine GC cultures. In vitro, BMP4 (30 ng/mL) inhibited (P < 0.05) follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) plus insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1)-induced progesterone and estradiol production by large- and small-follicle GCs, but the inhibitory effect of BMP4 on estradiol production was much more pronounced in large-follicle GCs. In small-follicle GCs, BMP4 had no effect (P > 0.10) on IGF1-induced proliferation, but GREM inhibited (P < 0.05) cell proliferation and estradiol and progesterone production in IGF1 plus FSH-treated GCs. In large-follicle GCs, BMP4 (10 to 30 ng/mL) increased (P < 0.05) GC numbers and GREM (100 ng/mL) blocked this effect. In large-follicle GCs, CTGF inhibited (P < 0.05) FSH plus IGF1-induced progesterone and estradiol production, and CTGF blocked the stimulatory effect of BMP4 on GC proliferation. These results indicate that BMP4, GREM, and CTGF inhibit GC aromatase activity and progesterone production. Also, the stimulatory effect of BMP4 on GC proliferation and the inhibitory effects of BMP4 on GC steroidogenesis are more pronounced in large vs. small follicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon J Spicer
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Luis F Schutz
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Pauline Y Aad
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
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27
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miR-2337 induces TGF-β1 production in granulosa cells by acting as an endogenous small activating RNA. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:253. [PMID: 34537818 PMCID: PMC8449777 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00644-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is essential for ovarian function and female fertility in mammals. Herein, we identified three completely linked variants, including two known variants referred to as c.1583A > G and c.1587A > G and the novel variant c.2074A > C in the porcine TGF-β1 3′-UTR. An important role of these variants in Yorkshire sow fertility was revealed. Variants c.1583A > G and c.1587A > G were located at the miRNA response element (MRE) of miR-2337 and affected miR-2337 regulation of TGF-β1 3′-UTR activity. Interestingly, miR-2337 induces, not reduces the transcription and production of TGF-β1 in granulosa cells (GCs). Mechanistically, miR-2337 enhances TGF-β1 promoter activity via the MRE motif in the core promoter region and alters histone modifications, including H3K4me2, H3K4me3, H3K9me2, and H3K9ac. In addition, miR-2337 controls TGF-β1-mediated activity of the TGF-β signaling pathway and GC apoptosis. Taken together, our findings identify miR-2337 as an endogenous small activating RNA (saRNA) of TGF-β1 in GCs, while miR-2337 is identified as a small activator of the TGF-β signaling pathway which is expected to be a new target for rescuing GC apoptosis and treating low fertility.
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28
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Fernandes CADC, Lopes AC, Gonçalves FC, Pereira JR, Guimarães JPDA, Castilho ACDS, Caixeta ES. Improvement in early antral follicle development and gene expression modulation prior to follicle aspiration in bovine cumulus-oocyte complexes by equine chorionic gonadotropin. Theriogenology 2021; 172:281-288. [PMID: 34303227 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the morphological ovarian response to equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) prior to ovum pick-up (OPU) and its effects on the molecular phenotype of immature cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) from Nelore cow (Bos indicus) donors. To this end, 20 Nelore cows were distributed randomly into the synchronized-OPU (Sync-OPU) and synchronized plus stimulated-OPU (Sync + eCG-OPU) groups using a cross-over experimental design, as each cow was used in both treatments. On a random day of the estrus cycle (Day 0), all cows received an intravaginal implant with 1.0 g of progesterone and 2 mg IM of estradiol benzoate. On the morning of Day 3, only the Sync + eCG-OPU group received 400 IU of eCG IM. On the morning of Day 5, the P4 device was removed and OPU was conducted in both groups. Before OPU management, ultrasonography was used to identify and measure the follicles. The aspirated COCs were morphologically classified based on their cumulus cells (CC) layers and the texture of the ooplasm. The COCs classified as Grade 1, Grade 2, and Grade 3 were considered viable and used for the assessment of quality markers. Oocytes and CC were mechanically separated from pools of 25 immature COCs of the Sync-OPU and Sync + eCG-OPU groups immediately after the follicular aspiration and stored at -80 °C until RNA extraction. Relative quantification of several markers for oocyte quality was assessed by RT-qPCR. The eCG treatment increased the number of follicles sized 3.0-5.0 mm and >5.0 mm compared to that in Sync-OPU group. Moreover, the protocol with eCG improved the total number of oocytes and the number of viable oocytes, which is related to a high number of oocytes in Grade 3. Regarding the impact on transcriptional regulation in immature oocytes, the mRNA encoding BMP15, SMAD1, SMAD2, SMAD3, ACACA, and CPT1A was upregulated in Sync + eCG-OPU compared with the Sync-OPU group. Moreover, the relative mRNA abundance of CTSZ, a member of the cathepsins family functionally related to reduced oocyte competence, was lower in the Sync + eCG-OPU group than in the Sync-OPU group. In addition, CC CTSB, CTSS, and CTSK mRNA abundances were lower in the Sync + eCG-OPU group than in the Sync-OPU group. However, the relative abundance of AREG and EREG mRNA was higher in CC recovered from cows stimulated with eCG. In conclusion, the eCG approach addressing follicular stimulation in Nelore cows had a positive impact on early antral follicle development, followed by a positive morphological and molecular phenotype in bovine COCs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Asafe Costa Lopes
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Felipe Costa Gonçalves
- Department of Animal Reproduction, University of José Rosário Vellano, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Jessica Ruiz Pereira
- Department of Animal Reproduction, University of José Rosário Vellano, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ester Siqueira Caixeta
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Monget P, McNatty K, Monniaux D. The Crazy Ovary. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:928. [PMID: 34207147 PMCID: PMC8234655 DOI: 10.3390/genes12060928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
From fetal life until senescence, the ovary is an extremely active tissue undergoing continuous structural and functional changes. These ever-changing events are best summarized by a quotation attributed to Plato when describing motion in space and time-'nothing ever is but is always becoming…'. With respect to the ovary, these changes include, at the beginning, the processes of follicular formation and thereafter those of follicular growth and atresia, steroidogenesis, oocyte maturation, and decisions relating to the number of mature oocytes that are ovulated for fertilization and the role of the corpus luteum. The aims of this review are to offer some examples of these complex and hitherto unknown processes. The ones herein have been elucidated from studies undertaken in vitro or from normal in vivo events, natural genetic mutations or after experimental inactivation of gene function. Specifically, this review offers insights concerning the initiation of follicular growth, pathologies relating to poly-ovular follicles, the consequences of premature loss of germ cells or oocytes loss, the roles of AMH (anti-Müllerian hormone) and BMP (bone morphogenetic protein) genes in regulating follicular growth and ovulation rate together with species differences in maintaining luteal function during pregnancy. Collectively, the evidence suggests that the oocyte is a key organizer of normal ovarian function. It has been shown to influence the phenotype of the adjacent somatic cells, the growth and maturation of the follicle, and to determine the ovulation rate. When germ cells or oocytes are lost prematurely, the ovary becomes disorganized and a wide range of pathologies may arise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Monget
- UMR INRAE-CNRS-IFCE-Université de Tours, 37380 Nouzilly, France;
| | - Ken McNatty
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6140, New Zealand;
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Wang C, Luo X, Qin H, Zhao C, Yang L, Yu T, Zhang Y, Huang X, Xu X, Qin Q, Liu S. Formation of autotriploid Carassius auratus and its fertility-related genes analysis. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:435. [PMID: 34107878 PMCID: PMC8191051 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07753-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Formation of triploid organism is useful in genetics and breeding. In this study, autotriploid Carassius auratus (3nRR, 3n = 150) was generated from Carassius auratus red var. (RCC, 2n = 100) (♀) and autotetraploid Carassius auratus (4nRR, 4n = 200) (♂). The female 3nRR produced haploid, diploid and triploid eggs, whereas the male 3nRR was infertile. The aim of the present study was to explore fertility of potential candidate genes of 3nRR. Results Gonadal transcriptome profiling of four groups (3 females RCC (FRCC), 3 males 4nRR (M4nRR), 3 males 3nRR (M3nRR) and 3 females 3nRR (F3nRR)) was performed using RNA-SEq. A total of 78.90 Gb of clean short reads and 24,262 differentially expressed transcripts (DETs), including 20,155 in F3nRR vs. FRCC and 4,107 in M3nRR vs. M4nRR were identified. A total of 106 enriched pathways were identified through KEGG enrichment analysis. Out of the enriched pathways, 44 and 62 signalling pathways were identified in F3nRR vs. FRCC and M3nRR vs. M4nRR, respectively. A total of 80 and 25 potential candidate genes for fertility-related in F3nRR and M3nRR were identified, respectively, through GO, KEGG analyses and the published literature. Moreover, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction of these fertility-associated genes were performed. Analysis of the PPI networks showed that 6 hub genes (MYC, SOX2, BMP4, GATA4, PTEN and BMP2) were involved in female fertility of F3nRR, and 2 hub genes (TP53 and FGF2) were involved in male sterility of M3nRR. Conclusions Establishment of autotriploid fish offers an ideal model to study reproductive traits of triploid fish. RNA-Seq data revealed 6 genes, namely, MYC, SOX2, BMP4, GATA4, PTEN and BMP2, involved in the female fertility of the F3nRR. Moreover, 2 genes, namely, TP53 and FGF2, were related to the male sterility of the M3nRR. These findings provide information on reproduction and breeding in triploid fish. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-07753-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Engineering Research Center of Polyploid Fish Reproduction and Breeding of the State Education Ministry, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Hunan, 410081, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Engineering Research Center of Polyploid Fish Reproduction and Breeding of the State Education Ministry, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Hunan, 410081, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Engineering Research Center of Polyploid Fish Reproduction and Breeding of the State Education Ministry, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Hunan, 410081, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Engineering Research Center of Polyploid Fish Reproduction and Breeding of the State Education Ministry, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Hunan, 410081, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Engineering Research Center of Polyploid Fish Reproduction and Breeding of the State Education Ministry, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Hunan, 410081, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Engineering Research Center of Polyploid Fish Reproduction and Breeding of the State Education Ministry, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Hunan, 410081, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Engineering Research Center of Polyploid Fish Reproduction and Breeding of the State Education Ministry, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Hunan, 410081, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Engineering Research Center of Polyploid Fish Reproduction and Breeding of the State Education Ministry, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Hunan, 410081, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Xidan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Engineering Research Center of Polyploid Fish Reproduction and Breeding of the State Education Ministry, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Hunan, 410081, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinbo Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Engineering Research Center of Polyploid Fish Reproduction and Breeding of the State Education Ministry, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Hunan, 410081, Changsha, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shaojun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, Engineering Research Center of Polyploid Fish Reproduction and Breeding of the State Education Ministry, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Hunan, 410081, Changsha, People's Republic of China.
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Where are the theca cells from: the mechanism of theca cells derivation and differentiation. Chin Med J (Engl) 2021; 133:1711-1718. [PMID: 32530882 PMCID: PMC7401757 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000000850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian follicles are composed of oocytes, granulosa cells, and theca cells. Theca cells form in the secondary follicles, maintaining follicular structural integrity and secreting steroid hormones. Two main sources of theca cells exist: Wilms tumor 1 positive (Wt1+) cells native to the ovary and Gli1+ mesenchymal cells migrated from the mesonephros. Normal folliculogenesis is a process where oocytes, granulosa cells, and theca cells constantly interact with and support each other through autocrine and paracrine mechanisms. The proliferation and differentiation of theca cells are regulated by oocyte-derived factors, including growth development factor 9 and bone morphogenetic protein 15, and granulosa cell-derived factors, including desert hedgehog, Indian hedgehog, kit ligand, insulin-like growth factor 1, as well as hormones such as insulin and growth hormones. Current research on the origin of theca cells is limited. Identifying the origin of theca cells will help us to systematically elaborate the mechanisms of follicular formation and development.
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Zhang Y, Wang Y, Feng X, Zhang S, Xu X, Li L, Niu S, Bo Y, Wang C, Li Z, Xia G, Zhang H. Oocyte-derived microvilli control female fertility by optimizing ovarian follicle selection in mice. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2523. [PMID: 33953177 PMCID: PMC8100162 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22829-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Crosstalk between oocytes and surrounding somatic cells is crucial for mammalian oogenesis, but the structural mechanisms on oocytes to control female reproduction remain unknown. Here we combine endogenous-fluorescent tracing mouse models with a high-resolution live-cell imaging system to characterize oocyte-derived mushroom-like microvilli (Oo-Mvi), which mediate germ-somatic communication in mice. We perform 3D live-cell imaging to show that Oo-Mvi exhibit cellular characteristics that fit an exocrine function for signaling communication. We find that deletion of the microvilli-forming gene Radixin in oocytes leads to the loss of Oo-Mvi in ovaries, and causes a series of abnormalities in ovarian development, resulting in shortened reproductive lifespan in females. Mechanistically, we find that Oo-Mvi enrich oocyte-secreted factors and control their release, resulting in optimal selection of ovarian follicles. Taken together, our data show that the Oo-Mvi system controls the female reproductive lifespan by governing the fate of follicles. How structural features on oocytes regulate mammalian female reproduction is unclear. Here, the authors provide imaging and physiological evidence (for example on Radixin knockout) to identify oocyte-derived mushroom-like microvilli that control the female reproductive lifespan by governing the fate of follicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ye Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xie'an Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xueqiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lingyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shudong Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yingnan Bo
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Guoliang Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in Western China, College of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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Cardoso L, Rodrigues L, Fontes D, Allison J, Chiarini-Garcia H, Almeida F. Ovarian morphometrical evaluation to assess reproductive activity suppression in heavy weight finishing gilts immunized against gonadotropin-releasing hormone. Res Vet Sci 2021; 136:519-526. [PMID: 33882380 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
It is known that immunizing gilts against gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is an efficient castration method that increases their growth performance. However, it is still unknown the ovarian histophysiology outcomes after this procedure. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate in detail, using morphological and morphometrical methods, changes in the ovarian structure that result in the suppression of ovarian activity, as well as to gain knowledge on the ovarian structure to assist in ovarian histopathological diagnoses. Seventy-two pre-pubertal finishing gilts were allocated to two experimental groups: immunized (IC; n = 36; gilts which received two injections of 2 mL of Vivax® - one at 15 and another at 19 weeks of age) and control (CT; n = 36, females which received two saline injections following the same protocol). All gilts were euthanized at 25 weeks of age and the ovaries of 5 gilts from each experimental group collected for biometrical and histomorphometrical analysis. IC gilts showed higher body weights, but smaller ovaries compared to CT females. In addition, the number of small follicles (≤ 2 mm) on the ovarian surface was higher, while no large follicles (> 6 mm) nor corpora lutea were found in the ovaries of IC gilts. Histomorphometrical analysis revealed that IC females showed higher numbers of quiescent and active primordial, primary, pre-antral and final stage atretic follicles. Moreover, follicle size, antrum diameter and area of the granulosa layer from mature follicles were smaller in IC gilts. Collectively, these results demonstrate that the efficacy of immunization against GnRH is related to the blockage of follicular recruitment and selection, thus suppressing reproductive activity in finishing gilts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Cardoso
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31.270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Lucas Rodrigues
- Prairie Swine Centre, Inc., S7H 5N9, 2105 - 8th Street East, Canada; Department of Animal and Poultry Science, College of Agriculture and Bioresources, University of Saskatchewan, S7N 5A8, 51 Campus Drive, Canada
| | - Dalton Fontes
- Department of Animal Science, Veterinary School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Jim Allison
- Zoetis, 10 Sylvan Way, Parsippany, NJ 07054, USA
| | - Helio Chiarini-Garcia
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31.270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Almeida
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, 31.270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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34
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Riepsamen AH, Donoghoe MW, Baerwald A, Pankhurst MW, Lien S, Chong YH, Robertson DM, Ledger WL, Gilchrist RB. Exploratory analysis of serum concentrations of oocyte biomarkers growth differentiation factor 9 and bone morphogenetic protein 15 in ovulatory women across the menstrual cycle. Fertil Steril 2021; 116:546-557. [PMID: 33775397 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterize and evaluate the variation in serum concentrations of oocyte-secreted growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) and bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP15) throughout the menstrual cycle in women from young to advanced reproductive ages. DESIGN Cross-sectional, observational, and exploratory study. SETTING Multicenter university-based clinical practices and laboratories. PATIENT(S) Serum was collected every 1-3 days throughout the menstrual cycle from 3 cohorts of healthy, ovulatory women: menses to late luteal phase (21-29 years of age; n = 16; University of Otago) and across one interovulatory interval (18-35 years of age; n = 10; and 45-50 years of age; n = 15; University of Saskatchewan). INTERVENTION(S) None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) To detect the changes in serum GDF9 and BMP15 across the cycle, mean concentration and variance were statistically modeled using a generalized additive model of location, shape and scale (GAMLSS). Follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estradiol, progesterone, and anti-Müllerian hormone were also assessed. RESULT(S) GDF9 and BMP15 were detectable in 54% and 73% of women and varied 236-fold and 52-fold between women, respectively. Across the menstrual cycle, there were minimal changes in GDF9 or BMP15 within a woman for all cohorts, with no significant differences detected in the modeled mean concentrations. However, modeled variances were highest in the luteal phases of all women for BMP15 immediately after ovulation, regardless of age. CONCLUSION(S) Serial changes in GDF9 or BMP15 concentrations across the cycle were not statistically detected and are likewise similar across the reproductive lifespan. Further research is required to fully elucidate the utility of these oocyte biomarkers at diagnosing fertility potential and/or disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelique H Riepsamen
- Fertility and Research Centre, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Mark W Donoghoe
- Stats Central, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Angela Baerwald
- Department of Academic Family Medicine, West Winds Primary Health Center, Saskatchewan, Canada; College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Michael W Pankhurst
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Shelly Lien
- Fertility and Research Centre, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yih Harng Chong
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - David M Robertson
- Fertility and Research Centre, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - William L Ledger
- Fertility and Research Centre, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Robert B Gilchrist
- Fertility and Research Centre, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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35
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Paulini F, Melo EO. Effects of Growth and Differentiation Factor 9 and Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15 overexpression on the steroidogenic metabolism in bovine granulosa cells in vitro. Reprod Domest Anim 2021; 56:837-847. [PMID: 33683747 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Granulosa cells (GCs) play important roles in the regulation of ovarian functions, and in vitro culture is a relevant model for the study of steroidogenesis in ovarian follicles. Thus, growth factors secreted by the oocyte, like Growth and Differentiation Factor 9 (GDF9) and Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15 (BMP15), play an important part in the luteinization of granulosa cells. The aim of this work was to express GDF9 and BMP15 genes in bovine GCs in vitro and evaluate their effects on the luteinization process. Samples of culture medium and GCs transfected with GDF9 and BMP15 were obtained for 21 consecutive days to analyse the steroidogenic hormones' concentration (progesterone (P4 ) and estradiol (E2 )) and the expression of STAR, GDF9 and BMP15 and their respective receptors. The results demonstrated an inhibitory effect of GDF9 and BMPF15 on P4 secretion in bovine GCs cultured in vitro. Moreover, our study demonstrated the entire expression of their respective receptors (TGFBR1, BMPR1B and BMPR2) and the inhibition of the steroidogenic marker, STAR gene. This work sheds light on a novel biological function of BMP15 and GDF9 in bovine GCs physiology, which could elucidate a non-described biological role for GDF9 and BMP15 in bovine granulosa cells' metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Paulini
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Eduardo O Melo
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, University of Tocantins-UFT, Gurupi, Brazil
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36
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El-Derany MO, Said RS, El-Demerdash E. Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Reverse Radiotherapy-Induced Premature Ovarian Failure: Emphasis on Signal Integration of TGF-β, Wnt/β-Catenin and Hippo Pathways. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 17:1429-1445. [PMID: 33594662 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10135-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Radiotherapy is an indispensable cancer treatment approach. However, it is associated with hazardous consequences on multiple organs characterized by insidious worsening severity over time. This study aimed to examine the potential therapeutic effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) in radiation-induced premature ovarian failure (POF). Exposing female rats to 3.2 Gy whole-body ϒ-rays successfully induced POF. One week later, a single intravenous injection of BM-MSCs (2*106) cells was administered. BM-MSCs perfectly home to the damaged ovaries, enhanced ovarian follicle pool, and preserved the ovarian function manifested by restoring serum estradiol and follicle stimulating hormone levels, besides, rescuing the fertility outcomes of irradiated rats. These events have been associated with inhibiting ovarian apoptosis (Bax/Bcl2, caspase 3) and enhancing proliferation (PCNA). Interestingly, BM-MSCs reversed the inhibition of ovarian FOXO3 expression induced by radiation which resulted in increased primordial follicles stock. Moreover, BM-MSCs recovered the suppressed folliculogenesis process induced by radiation through upregulating FOXO1, GDF-9, and Fst genes expression accompanied by downregulating TGF-β which enhanced granulosa cells proliferation and secondary follicle development. Mechanistically, BM-MSCs miRNAs epigenetically upregulate Wnt/β-catenin and Hippo signaling pathways which are implicated in ovarian follicles growth and maturation. Therefore, BM-MSCs presented a ray of hope in the treatment of radiation-associated POF through genetic and epigenetic modulation of the integrated TGF-β, Wnt/β-catenin, and Hippo pathways which control apoptosis, proliferation, and differentiation of ovarian follicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa O El-Derany
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Riham S Said
- Department of Drug Radiation Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ebtehal El-Demerdash
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
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37
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Wang Y, Shi H, Zhang G, Wu P, Chen L, Shen M, Li T, Lv X, Gu Y, Wang J. Transcriptome Analysis of Long Noncoding RNAs and mRNAs in Granulosa Cells of Jinghai Yellow Chickens Illuminated With Red Light. Front Genet 2021; 12:563623. [PMID: 33633775 PMCID: PMC7900633 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.563623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Jinghai Yellow chickens are a new indigenous breed with a dual purpose in China, but their egg laying performance is limited. Compared with white light (WL), exposure to red light (RL) can improve the egg laying performance of hens. Herein, to elucidate the molecular mechanism by which RL affects the egg laying performance, RNA sequencing was used to analyze long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and mRNAs from granulosa cells of small yellow follicles from Jinghai Yellow chickens in RL and WL groups. A total of 12,466 lncRNAs were identified among the assembled transcripts, of which 168 lncRNAs were significantly different between the RL and WL groups (101 downregulated and 67 upregulated). Additionally, 1182 differentially expressed mRNAs were identified (958 downregulated and 224 upregulated). Integrated network analysis demonstrated that numerous differential mRNAs were involved in follicular development through steroid hormone synthesis, oocyte meiosis, and the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. The impact of lncRNAs on cis and trans target mRNAs indicates that some lncRNAs play important roles in follicular development of small yellow follicles. The results provide a starting point for studies aimed at understanding the molecular mechanisms by which monochromatic light affects follicular development and egg production in hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Huiqiang Shi
- Jiangsu Jinghai Poultry Industry Group Co. Ltd, Nantong, China
| | - Genxi Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Pengfei Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Lan Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Manman Shen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyang Lv
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yunfei Gu
- Jiangsu Jinghai Poultry Industry Group Co. Ltd, Nantong, China
| | - Jinyu Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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38
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Wang J, Wan C, Shuju Z, Yang Z, Celi P, Ding X, Bai S, Zeng Q, Mao X, Xu S, Zhang K, Li M. Differential analysis of gut microbiota and the effect of dietary Enterococcus faecium supplementation in broiler breeders with high or low laying performance. Poult Sci 2021; 100:1109-1119. [PMID: 33518070 PMCID: PMC7858034 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The difference in microbiota was examined for breeders with different egg-laying rates, and the impact of dietary Enterococcus faecium (EF) was also determined in the present study. A total of 256 Arbor Acres broiler breeders (48-wk-old) were used in a 2 × 2 factorial design, which encompassed 2 egg-laying rate levels [average (average egg laying: AP, 80.45 ± 0.91%) and low (lower egg laying: LP, 70.61 ± 1.16%)] and 2 different dietary groups [control (no additive), 6 × 108 cfu/kg EF]. The results showed that the AP breeders presented a lower egg weight, feed conversion ratio, abdominal fat rate, and serum leptin level (P(laying) ≤ 0.05) as well as a higher egg-laying rate (P(laying) < 0.01) than the LP breeders. Dietary supplementation with EF improved the egg weight (P(EF) = 0.03) and had a higher concentration of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in the serum (P(EF) = 0.04). The relative expression of Caspase 9, Bax, AMHR, BMP15, and GATA4 in the ovary of AP breeders was lower, whereas the FSHR and BMPR1B expression was higher than that measured in LP breeders (P(laying) ≤ 0.05). LP increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes (phylum), Firmicutes (phylum), Bacteroidia (class), Clostridia (class), Bacteroidales (order), Clostridiales (order), and Lachnospiraceae (family), whereas the AP promoted the enrichment of Proteobacteria (phylum) and Gammaproteobacteria (class) (P(laying) < 0.05). The genera Bacillus, Rhodanobacter, and Streptomyces were positively correlated with the egg-laying rate and BMPR1B expression (P < 0.05) but negatively correlated with the abdominal fat rate (P < 0.05) and Caspase 9 (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that the low reproductive performance breeders had lower microbiota diversity and higher Firmicutes, which triggers the energy storage that led to higher fat deposition. Besides, increases in the abdominal fat rate, leptin level, and apoptosis (Caspase 9, Bax) and reproduction-related gene (BMP15, AMHR, BMPR1B, and GATA4) expression would possibly be the potential mechanisms under which breeders have different reproductive performance. Dietary EF increased the egg weight and serum FSH level and decreased the Bacteroidetes (phylum) in low reproductive breeders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Wang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
| | - Chunpeng Wan
- Research Center of Tea and Tea Culture, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural, University, Nanchang, 330045, P.R. China
| | - Zhao Shuju
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zengqiao Yang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Pietro Celi
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia
| | - Xuemei Ding
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Shiping Bai
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Qiufeng Zeng
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xiangbing Mao
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Shengyu Xu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Keying Zhang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Mingxi Li
- Research Center of Tea and Tea Culture, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural, University, Nanchang, 330045, P.R. China.
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39
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Gong Y, Li-Ling J, Xiong D, Wei J, Zhong T, Tan H. Age-related decline in the expression of GDF9 and BMP15 genes in follicle fluid and granulosa cells derived from poor ovarian responders. J Ovarian Res 2021; 14:1. [PMID: 33397408 PMCID: PMC7780377 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-020-00757-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) and bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP15) genes play important roles in folliculogenesis. Altered expression of the two have been found among patients with poor ovarian response (POR). In this prospective cohort study, we have determined the expression of the GDF9 and BMP15 genes in follicle fluid (FF) and granulosa cells (GCs) derived from poor ovarian responders grouped by age, and explored its correlation with the outcome of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) treatment. Methods A total of 196 patients with POR were enrolled from a tertiary teaching hospital. The patients were diagnosed by the Bologna criteria and sub-divided into group A (< 35 year old), group B (35–40 year old), and group C (> 40 year old). A GnRH antagonist protocol was conducted for all patients, and FF and GCs were collected after oocyte retrieval. Expression of the GDF9 and BMP15 genes in the FF and GCs was determined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting. Results Compared with group C, groups A and B had significantly more two pronuclei (2PN) oocytes and transplantable embryos, in addition with higher rates of implantation and clinical pregnancy (P < 0.05). The expression level of GDF9 and BMP15 genes in the FF and GCs differed significantly among the three groups (P < 0.05), showing a trend of decline along with age. The ratio of GDF9/BMP15 mRNA levels were similar among the three groups (P > 0.05). The relative levels of GDF9 and BMP15 proteins in GCs have correlated with the relative mRNA levels in GCs and protein concentrations in FF (P < 0.05). Conclusions For poor ovarian responders, in particular those over 40, the expression of GDF9 and BMP15 is declined along with increased age and in accompany with poorer oocyte quality and IVF outcome, whilst the ratio of GDF9/BMP15 mRNA levels remained relatively constant. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry Center (ChiCTR1800016107). Registered on 11 May 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Gong
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Sichuan Provincial Women's and Children's Hospital, The Affiliated Women's and Children's Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, 290 Shayan West Second Street, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610045, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jesse Li-Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxuexiang, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Dongsheng Xiong
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Sichuan Provincial Women's and Children's Hospital, The Affiliated Women's and Children's Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, 290 Shayan West Second Street, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610045, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiajing Wei
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Sichuan Provincial Women's and Children's Hospital, The Affiliated Women's and Children's Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, 290 Shayan West Second Street, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610045, Sichuan, China
| | - Taiqing Zhong
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Sichuan Provincial Women's and Children's Hospital, The Affiliated Women's and Children's Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610045, Sichuan, China
| | - Hao Tan
- Department of Genetics, School of Bioscience and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China
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40
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Li Q, Du X, Wang L, Shi K, Li Q. TGF-β1 controls porcine granulosa cell states: A miRNA-mRNA network view. Theriogenology 2020; 160:50-60. [PMID: 33181481 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
TGF-β1, an important multi-functional cytokine of the TGF-β signaling pathway, has been reported to be crucial for ovarian granulosa cell (GC) states and female fertility. However, the molecular mechanism underlying TGF-β1 regulation of GC states remains largely unknown. Here, we provide a comprehensive transcriptomic view on TGF-β1 regulation of cell states in porcine GCs. We first confirmed that TGF-β1 can control GC states (apoptosis and proliferation) in pig ovary. RNA-seq showed that 909 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 890 DEmRNAs and 19 DEmiRNAs, were identified in TGF-β1-treated porcine GCs. Functional annotation showed that these DEGs were mainly involved in regulating cell states. In addition, multiple hub genes were identified by constructing the protein-protein interaction network, DEmiRNA-DEmRNAs regulatory network, and gene-pathway-function co-expression networks, which were further found to be enriched in FoxO, TGF-β, Wnt, PIK3-Akt, p53 and Ras signaling pathways that play important roles in regulating cell states, cell cycle, proliferation, stress-responses and inflammation. The current research deeply reveals the effects of TGF-β1 on porcine GCs, and also identifies potential therapeutic RNA molecules for inhibiting and rescuing female infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqi Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xing Du
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Lingfang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Kerong Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Qifa Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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β-catenin activates TGF-β-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in adenomyosis. Exp Mol Med 2020; 52:1754-1765. [PMID: 33060769 PMCID: PMC8080580 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-020-00514-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenomyosis is defined as the presence of ectopic nests of endometrial glands and stroma within the myometrium. Adenomyosis is a common cause of dysmenorrhea, menorrhagia, and chronic pelvic pain but is often underdiagnosed. Despite its prevalence and severity of symptoms, its pathogenesis and etiology are poorly understood. Our previous study showed that aberrant activation of β-catenin results in adenomyosis through epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Using transcriptomic and ChIP-seq analysis, we identified activation of TGF-β signaling in the uteri of mutant mice that expressed dominant stabilized β-catenin in the uterus. There was a strong positive correlation between β-catenin and TGF-β2 proteins in women with adenomyosis. Furthermore, treatment with pirfenidone, a TGF-β inhibitor, increased E-cadherin expression and reduced cell invasiveness in Ishikawa cells with nuclear β-catenin. Our results suggest that β-catenin activates TGF-β-induced epithelial–mesenchymal transition in adenomyosis. This finding describes the molecular pathogenesis of adenomyosis and the use of TGF-β as a potential therapeutic target for adenomyosis. A regulatory link between two proteins involved in the progression of a debilitating uterine condition highlights a potential therapeutic target. Adenomyosis involves the invasion of cells from the inner lining of the uterus (the endometrium) into the uterine muscle wall (the myometrium), resulting in heavy, prolonged periods and chronic pain. The aberrent activation of a protein called β-catenin triggers adenomyosis, but the precise mechanisms are unclear. A team led by Jung-Ho Shin at the Korea University Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea, and Jae-Wook Jeong, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, USA, used sequencing techniques in mice and human tissue samples to identify the pathways governed by β-catenin in adenomyosis. They found that the Tgf-β2 gene is directly regulated by β-catenin in the uterus. TGF-β2 levels were elevated in human adenomyosis lesions, suggesting the protein could be a therapeutic target.
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Machado AF, Guimarães SEF, Guimarães JD, Santos GM, Silva AL, Silva YFRS, Lollobrigida Netto DS, Correa PVF, Marcondes MI. Effect of protein supplement level on the productive and reproductive parameters of replacement heifers managed in intensive grazing systems. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0239786. [PMID: 33027259 PMCID: PMC7540841 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Evaluations of replacement heifers in intensively managed grazing systems in tropical conditions are warranted. Thus, we aimed to evaluate performance, muscle and mammary gland development, oocyte quality, and in vitro production of embryos of crossbred heifers grazing an intensively managed pasture and supplemented with high or low protein concentrates. Eighteen pubertal crossbred heifers (Holstein x Gyr) with an initial weight of 350 ± 8.0 kg were used in a 60-day trial. Two supplement types, 12% crude protein (CP) (S12CP) or 24% CP (S24CP), and a control treatment (mineral mixture, CON) were randomly distributed to the heifers. Throughout the experiment, four digestibility trials were performed over four consecutive days. Four ovarium pick-ups were performed to evaluate oocyte quality and in vitro embryo production. Lastly, ultrasounds of carcasses and mammary glands were performed. The intakes of dry matter (DM), digestible energy (DE), and CP were greater for supplemented (SUP) compared with CON heifers. The SUP heifers had a greater average daily gain (ADG) (645 versus 390 g/d) and rib eye area (58.78 versus 53.32 cm2) than the CON heifers. Oocyte recovery, quality, and follicle features were not affected by supplementation strategy. However, the cleavage rate (47.17% versus 30.31%) and blastocyst rate (27.91% versus 10.12%) were negatively affected by supplementation. The S12CP presented a blastocyst rate much lower than the S24CP (3.02% versus 17.23%). Carcass ultrasonography indicated a trend for greater rib eye area for S24CP and mammary ultrasonography indicated no effects of supplementation on mammary gland development. In summary, supplementation seems to be an appropriate strategy for satisfactory performance, with greater muscle deposition and no negative impacts on mammary gland development. However, in vitro embryo production was impaired when the animals received the supplementation with 12% CP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - José Domingos Guimarães
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Alex Lopes Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Marcos Inácio Marcondes
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Bilibio JP, Meireles AJC, Conto ED, Lorenzzoni PL, Nascimento FCD, Cunha-Filho JSD. GDF9 polymorphisms: influence on ovarian response in women undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation. JBRA Assist Reprod 2020; 24:447-453. [PMID: 32510893 PMCID: PMC7558902 DOI: 10.5935/1518-0557.20200027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study looked into the possible influence of GDF9 polymorphisms on ovarian response in women with a normal ovarian reserve undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation for in vitro fertilization (IVF). METHODS This cross-sectional study included 67 women with normal ovarian reserve aged 30-39 years submitted to controlled ovarian hyperstimulation for IVF. We sequenced four polymorphisms in the GDF9 gene (C398G, C447T, G546A, and G646A) and analyzed their influence on follicular and oocyte outcomes. RESULTS The mutant allele C398G decreased the total number of follicles >17mm (6.49 vs. 4.33, p=0.001), total number of follicles (10.11 vs. 7.33, p=0.032), number of MII oocytes retrieved, and serum progesterone levels on trigger day. The C447T polymorphism was associated with a greater number of follicles between 12 and 14 mm on the day of r-hCG, while the G546A polymorphism was associated with lower serum progesterone levels on trigger day. CONCLUSIONS GDF9 gene polymorphisms C398G and C447T adversely affected ovarian response in women undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation. These findings show that in addition to playing a role in the early stages of folliculogenesis, GDF9 polymorphisms have an important impact on the final stage of oocyte development.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Paolo Bilibio
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil.,Clinica de reprodução assistida Pronatus, Belém, PA, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Arivaldo José Conceição Meireles
- Clinica de reprodução assistida Pronatus, Belém, PA, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Emily De Conto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Clínica Insemine de Medicina Reprodutiva, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | | | - João Sabino da Cunha-Filho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação de Ciências Médicas da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Clínica Insemine de Medicina Reprodutiva, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Falahati A, Ozaki Y, Damsteegt EL, Zadmajid V, Freeman KJ, Lokman PM. Spatiotemporal expression of activin receptor-like kinase-5 and bone morphogenetic protein receptor type II in the ovary of shortfinned eel, Anguilla australis. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 251:110509. [PMID: 33002594 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2020.110509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In the eel ovary, the expression of growth differentiation factor-9 (Gdf9) appears to be largely confined to the germ cell in early stages of oogenesis. However, both the target tissue and the function of Gdf9 in fish remain unknown. This study aimed to describe the abundance and localization of activin receptor-like kinase-5 (Alk5) and bone morphogenetic protein receptor type II (Bmpr2), which together mediate the Gdf9 signal, in the ovary of a basal teleost, the shortfinned eel, Anguilla australis, during early folliculogenesis. The cDNA encoding eel alk5 and bmpr2 genes were cloned, characterized and the transcript abundances of these receptors quantified by quantitative real-time PCR. Ovarian transcript abundance for both receptors, along with that of gdf9 and of its paralogue bmp15, increased from the previtellogenic to early vitellogenic stage. Localization of receptor mRNAs by in situ hybridization revealed that these receptors are located in the somatic cells surrounding the oocyte. Furthermore, tissue distribution analysis showed that the expression of alk5 and bmpr2 were highest in ovary and thyroid, respectively. Unexpectedly, however, bmpr2 mRNA levels were lower in the ovary than in any of the other 17 tissues examined, and indeed, lower than ovarian gdf9 transcript abundance. These findings, together with the ovarian expression pattern of Gdf9, suggest that Gdf9, and conceivably, Bmp15, from the oocyte can signal through receptors that are located on the somatic cells surrounding the oocyte; this, in turn, facilitates elucidation of the function of these growth factors during oogenesis in teleost fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Falahati
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
| | - Yuichi Ozaki
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand; National Research Institute of Aquaculture, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 224-1 Hiruta, Tamaki, Watarai, Mie 519-0423, Japan
| | - Erin L Damsteegt
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Vahid Zadmajid
- Department of Fisheries Science, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Kaitlyn J Freeman
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - P Mark Lokman
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
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Yoon JD, Hwang SU, Kim M, Jeon Y, Hyun SH. Growth differentiation factor 8 regulates SMAD2/3 signaling and improves oocyte quality during porcine oocyte maturation in vitro†. Biol Reprod 2020; 101:63-75. [PMID: 31004472 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioz066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor 8 (GDF8), also known as myostatin, is a member of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family and has been identified as a strong physiological regulator of muscle differentiation. Recently, the functional role of GDF8 in reproductive organs has received increased interest following its detection in the human placenta and uterus. To investigate the effects of GDF8 during porcine oocyte in vitro maturation (IVM), we assessed the quality of matured oocytes. Furthermore, we investigated the specific gene transcription and protein activation levels in oocytes and cumulus cells after IVM and subsequent embryonic development after in vitro fertilization and parthenogenetic activation. Prior to these experiments, the concentration of GDF8 in porcine follicular fluid was determined. During the entire IVM period, 1.3 ng/mL GDF8 and its signaling inhibitor SB431542 (SB) at 5 μM were added as control, SB, SB + GDF8, and GDF8 groups, respectively. Our results demonstrate that supplementation with GDF8 during porcine oocyte IVM enhanced both meiotic and cytoplasmic maturation, with altered transcriptional patterns, via activation of Sma- and Mad-related protein 2/3 (SMAD2/3). Using the pharmacological inhibitor SB431542, we demonstrated that inhibition of GDF8-induced Smad2/3 signaling reduces matured oocyte quality. In conclusion, for the first time, we demonstrated paracrine factor GDF8 in porcine follicular fluid in vivo. Furthermore, we showed that GDF8 supplementation improved mature oocyte quality by regulating p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation and intracellular glutathione and reactive oxygen species levels during porcine IVM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junchul David Yoon
- Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology, Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Ung Hwang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology, Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Mirae Kim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology, Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yubyeol Jeon
- Laboratory of Theriogenology and Reproductive Biotechnologies, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeolabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hwan Hyun
- Laboratory of Veterinary Embryology and Biotechnology, Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
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miR-130a/TGF-β1 axis is involved in sow fertility by controlling granulosa cell apoptosis. Theriogenology 2020; 157:407-417. [PMID: 32871445 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
TGF-β1 is a ligand of the TGF-β superfamily and an important cytokine that regulates ovarian functions including follicular development, steroid production, ovulation, luteinization, and female fertility. However, little is known about the regulation of TGF-β1 expression in ovary. Here, we identified that TGF-β1 is a functional target of miR-130a in porcine ovarian granulosa cells (GCs). The 3'-UTR sequence of TGF-β1 gene (1137 bp in length) in Large White (LW) pig was isolated, and multiple RNA regulatory elements (RREs), including several binding motifs of different miRNAs, were identified in this region. Luciferase activity assay showed that miR-130a dramatically suppresses the 3'-UTR luciferase activity of TGF-β1 gene, and further inhibits the expression of TGF-β1 in porcine GCs. FACS revealed that miR-130a acts as a pro-apoptotic factor and promotes GC apoptosis by inhibiting TGF-β1. Two novel linked mutations (-573G > A and -540T > C) were identified in the promoter region of ssc-miR-130a, but their polymorphisms are not associated with sow reproductive traits. Importantly, combined genotype analysis with a known mutation (c.1583 A > G) in the 3'-UTR of porcine TGF-β1 gene showed a significant association with reproductive performance in LW sow population. Overall, our findings defined a novel regulatory axis, miR-130a/TGF-β1 axis, which is involved in regulating sow fertility.
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Karabulut S, Korkmaz O, Kutlu P, Gozel HE, Keskin I. Effects o follicular fluid oxidative status on human mural granulosa cells, oocyte competency and ICSI parameters. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2020; 252:127-136. [PMID: 32599478 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the present study was to understand the molecular and genetic alterations involved in follicular fluid oxidative process by investigating human mural granulosa cells and to find possible biomarkers for oocyte competency and ICSI outcome measures. METHODS A total of 166 patients were included in the study. Total antioxidant and oxidant levels of follicular fluids were measured on the day of oocyte pick-up and oxidative status were calculated. Expression profiles of three potential target proteins in cases of oxidative stress (Hsp70, Tgf-β, Notch1), DNA status and chromatin integrity of mural granulosa cells were analyzed. RESULTS TAS levels were positively correlated with the Hsp70 and Tgf-β expression patterns of mural granulosa cells. Mature oocyte rate and fertilization rates were affected negatively by the presence of oxidative stress and a significant positive correlation was found with the oxidative status and the fertilization rate, whereas no correlation with the remaining ICSI parameters in the overall group. CONCLUSIONS Oxidative stress detected in follicular fluid adversely affects fertilization rates post-ICSI however no effect on the remaining parameters including embryo quality, pregnancy, and implantation rates. DNA damage, chromatin integrity were increased, whereas Hsp70 and Tgf-ß were decreased in mural granulosa cells in cases of oxidative stress which may indirectly reflect the oocyte competency and may be used as biomarkers for ICSI outcome measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seda Karabulut
- Istanbul Medipol University, International School of Medicine, Histology and Embryology Department, İstanbul, Turkey; Medipol University, School of Medicine, Kavacık, İstanbul, REMER (Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center), Kavacık Mah. Ekinciler Cad. No.19 Kavacık Kavşağı 34810 Beykoz, İstanbul, Turkey.
| | - Oya Korkmaz
- Istanbul Medipol University, International School of Medicine, Histology and Embryology Department, İstanbul, Turkey; Medipol University, School of Medicine, Kavacık, İstanbul, REMER (Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center), Kavacık Mah. Ekinciler Cad. No.19 Kavacık Kavşağı 34810 Beykoz, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Pelin Kutlu
- Medicana Çamlıca Hospital, IVF Center, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Hilal Eren Gozel
- Istanbul Medipol University, International School of Medicine, Histology and Embryology Department, İstanbul, Turkey; Medipol University, School of Medicine, Kavacık, İstanbul, REMER (Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center), Kavacık Mah. Ekinciler Cad. No.19 Kavacık Kavşağı 34810 Beykoz, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Ilknur Keskin
- Istanbul Medipol University, International School of Medicine, Histology and Embryology Department, İstanbul, Turkey; Medipol University, School of Medicine, Kavacık, İstanbul, REMER (Regenerative and Restorative Medicine Research Center), Kavacık Mah. Ekinciler Cad. No.19 Kavacık Kavşağı 34810 Beykoz, İstanbul, Turkey
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A Comparative Analysis of Oocyte Development in Mammals. Cells 2020; 9:cells9041002. [PMID: 32316494 PMCID: PMC7226043 DOI: 10.3390/cells9041002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sexual reproduction requires the fertilization of a female gamete after it has undergone optimal development. Various aspects of oocyte development and many molecular actors in this process are shared among mammals, but phylogeny and experimental data reveal species specificities. In this chapter, we will present these common and distinctive features with a focus on three points: the shaping of the oocyte transcriptome from evolutionarily conserved and rapidly evolving genes, the control of folliculogenesis and ovulation rate by oocyte-secreted Growth and Differentiation Factor 9 and Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15, and the importance of lipid metabolism.
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TGF-β1 induces VEGF expression in human granulosa-lutein cells: a potential mechanism for the pathogenesis of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. Exp Mol Med 2020; 52:450-460. [PMID: 32152452 PMCID: PMC7156760 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-020-0396-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is one of the most serious and iatrogenic complications that can occur during in vitro fertilization treatment. Although the pathogenesis of OHSS is not fully understood, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been recognized as an important mediator of the development of OHSS. Transforming growth factor-beta-1 (TGF-β1) is known to regulate various ovarian functions. However, whether VEGF can be regulated by TGF-β1 in human granulosa cells has not been determined. In addition, the role of TGF-β1 in the pathogenesis of OHSS remains unknown. In the present study, we demonstrate that TGF-β1 stimulates VEGF expression in and secretion from both immortalized human granulosa-lutein (hGL) cells and primary hGL cells. Our results demonstrate that the SMAD2/3, ERK1/2, and p38 MAPK signaling pathways are involved in TGF-β1-induced VEGF expression and secretion. Using a mouse OHSS model, we show that the expression levels of TGF-β1 and VEGF are increased in the ovaries of OHSS mice. Blocking TGF-β1 signaling inhibits the development of OHSS by attenuating VEGF expression. Moreover, clinical results reveal that the protein levels of TGF-β1 and VEGF are increased in the follicular fluid of patients with OHSS, and that the levels of these two proteins in the follicular fluid are positively correlated. The results of this study help to elucidate the mechanisms by which VEGF expression is regulated in hGL cells, which could lead to the development of alternative therapeutic approaches for treating OHSS. Insights into abnormal protein activity involved in ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) could inform future therapies. OHSS is a serious complication of fertility treatment where the body responds excessively to medication taken to help eggs grow, causing blood clots, pain, and even death. Scientists believe that high levels of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein trigger OHSS. Another protein involved in cell proliferation,transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1), may influence VEGF activity. Ying-Pu Sun and Jung-Chien Cheng at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, China, and co-workers conducted experiments on human cell lines and OHSS mouse models. They found that TGF-β1 stimulates VEGF expression in human cells, and identified the associated signaling pathways. Both TGF-β1 and VEGF were increased in the ovaries of mice with OHSS, while blocking TGF-β1 halted OHSS progression.
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Vitrification leads to transcriptomic modifications of mice ovaries that do not affect folliculogenesis progression. Reprod Biol 2020; 20:264-272. [PMID: 32044207 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2020.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian tissue cryopreservation is emerging as a promising alternative for fertility preservation of cancer survivors. To date, more than a hundred couples have successfully had babies using this procedure, although it is still considered experimental and demands further investigation. In this work, we evaluated the effects of vitrification, warming and autotransplantation procedures on the morphology and gene expression of murine ovaries. Ovaries were removed from adult female C57BL6 mice (n = 15), vitrified, warmed and autotransplanted (vitrified group), additionally, ovaries were autotransplanted without vitrification (control group, n = 15). After twenty days, grafted ovaries were harvested and used for histological and ultrastructural analysis, germinal vesicle (GV) oocyte collection, RNA sequencing, and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). All classes of follicles and GV were observed in both control and vitrified/warmed transplanted ovaries, and the numbers of primordial, antral and atretic follicles were not different (p > 0.05). Using RNA-seq, we detected 16,602 vs 13,527 expressed genes in vitrified and control ovaries, respectively; and 623 significantly dysregulated genes (fold change >1.5; 332 up-regulated and 291 down-regulated). Cellular membranes, cytoskeletons, and extracellular matrices were found as the main functions of the differentially expressed genes. Moreover, vitrified samples also presented ultrastructural alterations in the cytoskeleton, cell junctions, and endoplasmic reticulum. Taken together, this work showed for the first time that ovarian cells might trigger a compensatory gene regulation mechanism to maintain cellular structure and folliculogenesis progression after vitrification and autotransplantation.
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