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Xin Z, Xu R, Dong Y, Jin S, Ge X, Shen X, Guo S, Fu Y, Zhang P, Jiang H. Impaired autophagy-mediated macrophage polarization contributes to age-related hyposalivation. Cell Prolif 2024:e13714. [PMID: 39004782 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Age-related dysfunction of salivary glands (SGs) leading to xerostomia or dry mouth is typically associated with increased dental caries and difficulties in mastication, deglutition or speech. Inflammaging-induced hyposalivation plays a significant role in aged SGs; however, the mechanisms by which ageing shapes the inflammatory microenvironment of SGs remain unclear. Here, we show that reduced salivary secretion flow rate in aged human and mice SGs is associated with impaired autophagy and increased M1 polarization of macrophages. Our study reveals the crucial roles of SIRT6 in regulating macrophage autophagy and polarization through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, as demonstrated by generating two conditional knock out mice. Furthermore, triptolide (TP) effectively rejuvenates macrophage autophagy and polarization via targeting this pathway. We also design a local delivery of TP-loaded apoptotic extracellular vesicles (ApoEVs) to improve age-related SGs dysfunction therapeutically. Collectively, our findings uncover a previously unknown link between SIRT6-regulated autophagy and macrophage polarization in age-mediated hyposalivation, while our locally therapeutic strategy exhibits potential preventive effects for age-related hyposalivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhili Xin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Research, Prevention and Treatment for Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rongyao Xu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Research, Prevention and Treatment for Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yangjiele Dong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Research, Prevention and Treatment for Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shenghao Jin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Research, Prevention and Treatment for Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao Ge
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Research, Prevention and Treatment for Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Shen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Research, Prevention and Treatment for Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Songsong Guo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Research, Prevention and Treatment for Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Fu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Research, Prevention and Treatment for Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Research, Prevention and Treatment for Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongbing Jiang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Research, Prevention and Treatment for Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Yu S, Zhou X, Liu R, Xu X, Ma D, Feng Y, Lin X. Immunomodulatory Effects of Yu-Ping-Feng Formula on Primary Sjögren's Syndrome: Interrogating the T Cell Response. J Leukoc Biol 2024:qiae155. [PMID: 38953166 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiae155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Ethnopharmacological treatments have shown beneficial effects in the clinical practice of autoimmune disorders. However, the underlying mechanism of immunomodulatory effects remains challenging, given the complicate composition of herbal medicines. Here, we developed an immunological approach to interrogate the T helper cell response. Through data mining we hypothesized that Chinese medicine formula, Yu-Ping-Feng (YPF) might be a promising candidate for treating primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS), a common autoimmune disease manifested by exocrine gland dysfunction. We took advantage of a mouse model of experimental Sjögren's syndrome (ESS) that we previously established for YPF formula treatment. YPF therapy ameliorated the ESS pathology in mice with active disease, showing improved salivary function and decreased serum levels of autoantibodies. Phenotypic analysis suggested that both effector T and B cells were significantly suppressed. Using co-culture assay and adoptive transfer models, we demonstrated that YPF formula directly restrained effector/memory T cell expansion and differentiation into Th17 and T follicular helper (Tfh) cells, the key subsets in ESS pathogenesis. Importantly, we recruited 20 pSS patients and conducted a pilot study of 8-week therapy of YPF formula. YPF treatment effectively improved fatigue symptoms, exocrine gland functions and reduced serum IgG/IgA levels, while effector T and B cell subsets were significantly decreased. There was a trend of reduction on disease activity, but not statistically significant. Together, our findings suggested a novel approach to assess the immunomodulatory effects of YPF formula, which may be favorable for patients with autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulan Yu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hon Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Xinyao Zhou
- 2Department of Rheumatology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijng 100053, China
| | - Ruihua Liu
- 2Department of Rheumatology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijng 100053, China
| | - Xiaoyu Xu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hon Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Danbao Ma
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hon Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Yun Feng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiang Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hon Kong SAR 999077, China
- Department of Chinese Medicine, the University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital (HKU-SZH), Shenzhen 518053, China
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Yang Y, Zhang H, Xiao X, Guo M. PANoptosis Features, a Humanized NSG Murine Model of Sjogren's Syndrome. DNA Cell Biol 2024; 43:207-218. [PMID: 38635961 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2023.0374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Sjogren's syndrome (SS) is a complex systemic autoimmune disease. This study aims to elucidate a humanized NOD-PrkdcscidIl2rgem1/Smoc (NSG) murine model to better clarify the pathogenesis of SS. NSG female mice were adoptively transferred with 10 million peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) through the tail vein from healthy controls (HCs), primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS), and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients on D0. The mice were subcutaneously injected with C57/B6j submandibular gland (SG) protein or phosphate-buffered saline on D3, D17 and D31, respectively. NSG mice were successfully transplanted with human PBMCs. Compared with NSG-HC group, NSG-pSS and NSG-SLE mice exhibited a large number of lymphocytes infiltration in the SG, decreased salivary flow rate, lung involvement, decreased expression of genes related to salivary secretion, and the production of autoantibodies. Type I interferon-related genes were increased in the SG of NSG-pSS and NSG-SLE mice. The ratio of BAX/BCL2, BAX, cleaved caspase3, and TUNEL staining were increased in the SG of NSG-pSS and NSG-SLE mice. The expressions of p-MLKL and p-RIPK3 were increased in the SG of NSG-pSS and NSG-SLE mice. Increased expression of type I interferon-related genes, PANoptosis (apoptosis and necroptosis) were identified in the SG of this typical humanized NSG murine model of SS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiying Yang
- Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
- Postdoctoral Research Station of Biology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Huali Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoyu Xiao
- Department of Nutrition, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Muyao Guo
- Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
- Provincial Clinical Research Center for Rheumatic and Immunologic Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
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Fu JY, Huang SJ, Wang BL, Yin JH, Chen CY, Xu JB, Chen YL, Xu S, Dong T, Zhou HN, Ma XY, Pu YP, Li H, Yang XJ, Xie LS, Wang ZJ, Luo Q, Shao YX, Ye L, Zong ZR, Wei XD, Xiao WW, Niu ST, Liu YM, Xu HP, Yu CQ, Duan SZ, Zheng LY. Lysine acetyltransferase 6A maintains CD4 + T cell response via epigenetic reprogramming of glucose metabolism in autoimmunity. Cell Metab 2024; 36:557-574.e10. [PMID: 38237601 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Augmented CD4+ T cell response in autoimmunity is characterized by extensive metabolic reprogramming. However, the epigenetic molecule that drives the metabolic adaptation of CD4+ T cells remains largely unknown. Here, we show that lysine acetyltransferase 6A (KAT6A), an epigenetic modulator that is clinically associated with autoimmunity, orchestrates the metabolic reprogramming of glucose in CD4+ T cells. KAT6A is required for the proliferation and differentiation of proinflammatory CD4+ T cell subsets in vitro, and mice with KAT6A-deficient CD4+ T cells are less susceptible to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and colitis. Mechanistically, KAT6A orchestrates the abundance of histone acetylation at the chromatin where several glycolytic genes are located, thus affecting glucose metabolic reprogramming and subsequent CD4+ T cell responses. Treatment with KAT6A small-molecule inhibitors in mouse models shows high therapeutic value for targeting KAT6A in autoimmunity. Our study provides novel insights into the epigenetic programming of immunometabolism and suggests potential therapeutic targets for patients with autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Yao Fu
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Shi-Jia Huang
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systematic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Bao-Li Wang
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Jun-Hao Yin
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Chang-Yu Chen
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Jia-Bao Xu
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Yan-Lin Chen
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systematic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Shuo Xu
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systematic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China; Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Ting Dong
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systematic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Hao-Nan Zhou
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Xin-Yi Ma
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Yi-Ping Pu
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Xiu-Juan Yang
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Li-Song Xie
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Wang
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Qi Luo
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Yan-Xiong Shao
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Lei Ye
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Zi-Rui Zong
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Xin-Di Wei
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Wan-Wen Xiao
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Shu-Tong Niu
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Yi-Ming Liu
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - He-Ping Xu
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Chuang-Qi Yu
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Sheng-Zhong Duan
- Laboratory of Oral Microbiota and Systematic Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200120, China; Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China.
| | - Ling-Yan Zheng
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center of Oral Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200001, China.
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Yu J, Wang S, Yang J, Huang W, Tang B, Peng W, Tian J. Exploring the mechanisms of action of Zengye decoction (ZYD) against Sjogren's syndrome (SS) using network pharmacology and animal experiment. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2023; 61:1286-1297. [PMID: 37606264 PMCID: PMC10446814 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2023.2248188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Zengye decoction (ZYD) has been considered to have a curative effect on Sjogren's syndrome (SS). However, its therapeutic mechanisms remain obscure. OBJECTIVES This research explores the mechanisms of ZYD against SS. MATERIALS AND METHODS The active compounds and targets of ZYD were searched in the TCMSP and BATMAN-TCM databases. SS-related targets were obtained from the GeneCards database. The GO and KEGG enrichment analyses elucidated the molecular mechanisms. Animal experiments were performed using 8 C57BL/6 mice that served as the control group (physiological saline treatment) and 16 NOD mice randomly divided into the model group (physiological saline treatment) and the ZYD group (ZYD treatment) for 8 weeks to verify the therapeutic effects of ZYD on SS. RESULTS Twenty-nine active compounds with 313 targets of ZYD and 1038 SS-related targets were screened. Thirty-two common targets were identified. β-Sitosterol and stigmasterol might be important components. GO analysis suggested that the action of ZYD against SS mainly involved oxidative stress, apoptotic processes, and tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily binding, etc. KEGG analysis indicated the most significant signaling pathway was apoptosis-multiple species. Animal experiments showed that ZYD improved lymphocytic infiltration of the submandibular glands (SMGs), reduced the serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17, upregulated the expression of Bcl-2, and downregulated the expression of Bax and Caspase-3 in the model mice. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION ZYD has anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects on SS, which provides a theoretical basis for the treatment of SS with ZYD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiake Yu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shuying Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wuxinrui Huang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Beikang Tang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Weijun Peng
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Tian
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Calamita G, Delporte C. Insights into the Function of Aquaporins in Gastrointestinal Fluid Absorption and Secretion in Health and Disease. Cells 2023; 12:2170. [PMID: 37681902 PMCID: PMC10486417 DOI: 10.3390/cells12172170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs), transmembrane proteins permeable to water, are involved in gastrointestinal secretion. The secretory products of the glands are delivered either to some organ cavities for exocrine glands or to the bloodstream for endocrine glands. The main secretory glands being part of the gastrointestinal system are salivary glands, gastric glands, duodenal Brunner's gland, liver, bile ducts, gallbladder, intestinal goblet cells, exocrine and endocrine pancreas. Due to their expression in gastrointestinal exocrine and endocrine glands, AQPs fulfill important roles in the secretion of various fluids involved in food handling. This review summarizes the contribution of AQPs in physiological and pathophysiological stages related to gastrointestinal secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Calamita
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy;
| | - Christine Delporte
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
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Calamita G, Delporte C. Aquaporins in Glandular Secretion. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1398:225-249. [PMID: 36717498 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-7415-1_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Exocrine and endocrine glands deliver their secretory product, respectively, at the surface of the target organs or within the bloodstream. The release of their products has been shown to rely on secretory mechanisms often involving aquaporins (AQPs). This chapter will provide insight into the role of AQPs in secretory glands located within the gastrointestinal tract, including salivary glands, gastric glands, duodenal Brunner's glands, liver, gallbladder, intestinal goblets cells, and pancreas, as well and in other parts of the body, including airway submucosal glands, lacrimal glands, mammary glands, and eccrine sweat glands. The involvement of AQPs in both physiological and pathophysiological conditions will also be highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Calamita
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Christine Delporte
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
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Potential Mechanisms of White Peony against Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:5507472. [PMID: 35990826 PMCID: PMC9391099 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5507472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background Multiple system and organ damage occurs with the continuous progression of primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS), and the lack of specific drugs against this disease is a huge challenge. White peony (WP), a widely used traditional Chinese herb, has been confirmed to have a therapeutic value in pSS. However, the specific mechanisms of WP in the treatment of pSS are unknown. Methods The active ingredients and their targets in WP were searched on the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP), and disease-related targets were collected from GeneCards, Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM), and the Therapeutic Target Database (TTD). The overlapping targets were acquired by taking the intersection. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was structured using the STRING database. A disease-drug-ingredient-target (D-D-I-T) network was built using Cytoscape software. By filtering twice, core targets were acquired. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia Gene and Genome (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were accompanied by R packages. Finally, molecular docking was used to verify the abovementioned results. Results In total, we screened 88 WP-related targets, 1480 pSS-related targets, and 32 overlapping targets. D-D-I-T Network analysis displayed six main active ingredients of WP, which played a significant therapeutic role in pSS. Further topological analysis selected seven core target genes, including IL-6, TNF, PPARγ, AKT1, CASP3, NOS3, and JUN. GO and KEGG analysis were used to elucidate pharmacological mechanisms, mainly acting in the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway. Molecular docking proved that paeoniflorin bound well with core targets. Conclusion Our study revealed that IL-6, TNF, AKT1, CASP3, NOS3, and JUN may be pathogenic target genes, and PPARγ may be a protective target gene. The main active ingredients of WP mainly played a therapeutic role via the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway. These findings provide a fundamental and theoretical basis for the clinical application of WP.
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Wu M, Yu S, Chen Y, Meng W, Chen H, He J, Shen J, Lin X. Acteoside promotes B cell-derived IL-10 production and ameliorates autoimmunity. J Leukoc Biol 2022; 112:875-885. [PMID: 35638582 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3ma0422-510r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-10-producing regulatory B (Breg) cells are well recognized for maintaining immune tolerance. The impaired Breg cell function with decreased IL-10-producing capacity has been found in autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS). However, seldom therapeutic agents targeting Breg cells are available to treat those autoimmune diseases. Here, we showed that acteoside (AC), a caffeoyl phenylethanoid glycoside from a medicinal herb Radix Rehmanniae, could promote IL-10 production from both human and murine B cells via critically regulating the TLR4/PI3K axis. Moreover, TLR4 was found increased in Breg cells from mice with experimental SS (ESS), a mouse model that recapitulates human pSS. Thus, B cells from the ESS mice were susceptible to AC treatment, showing higher IL-10-producing capacity than those from naïve controls. In addition, AC treatment also promoted the production of IL-10 from TLR4+ CXCR4+ plasma cells of ESS mice. Notably, we found that AC was able to enter lymphoid organs upon oral administration. AC treatment effectively increased IL-10+ B cells in ESS mice and ameliorated disease pathology accompanied by reduced T effector cells, including Th17 and T follicular helper cells in the ESS mice. In conclusion, AC could promote Breg cell function and attenuate ESS pathology in vivo, which may be a promising drug candidate for treating pSS and other autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Wu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sulan Yu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yacun Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wei Meng
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Workstation for Training and Research (Hong Kong Branch), Distinguished Professor Yu Jin Gynaecology of Chinese Medicine & Integrative Medicine, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Workstation of Zhu Nansun, National Master of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Branch of Zhu's School of Gynaecology of Chinese Medicine from Shanghai, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Haiyong Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jing He
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangang Shen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiang Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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10
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Yu S, Wu M, Feng Y, Shen J, Lu L, Lin X. Detection of T Follicular Helper Cells and T Follicular Regulatory Cells in Experimental Sjögren's Syndrome. METHODS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (CLIFTON, N.J.) 2022; 2380:211-224. [PMID: 34802134 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1736-6_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
With the compiling studies on the autoimmune pathogenesis in the developing of Sjögren's syndrome, the functional importance of T follicular helper cells (Tfh) and T follicular regulatory cells (Tfr) was investigated, including our recent findings, among which various techniques for detecting Tfh and Tfr cells in Sjögren's syndrome have been reported. In this chapter, we describe detailed methods for the effective detection of Tfh and Tfr cells in mice with experimental Sjögren's syndrome (ESS), a mouse model with evident salivary hypofunction, increased serum levels of autoantibodies, and histopathological changes in the salivary glands. We provide representative detections of surface markers, cytokines, and transcription factors of Tfh and Tfr cells by flow cytometry and ELISpot assay. Moreover, a detailed protocol for detecting Tfh and Tfr cells in the draining cervical lymph nodes (CLNs) in ESS mice by immunofluorescence microscopy is also described. Together, these techniques of Tfh and Tfr cell detection in ESS mice may facilitate the investigation of autoimmune pathogenesis and enhance the understanding of Tfh and Tfr cell functions in the development of Sjögren's syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulan Yu
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Meiling Wu
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yun Feng
- Peking University 3rd Hospital, Peking University Eye Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangang Shen
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Liwei Lu
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiang Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Effect of the Chinese Herbal Medicine SS-1 on a Sjögren's Syndrome-Like Disease in Mice. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11060530. [PMID: 34200223 PMCID: PMC8229783 DOI: 10.3390/life11060530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease primarily affecting the exocrine glands; it has a major impact on patients’ lives. The Chinese herbal formula SS-1 is composed of Gan Lu Yin, Sang Ju Yin, and Xuefu Zhuyu decoction, which exerts anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antifibrotic effects. Our previous study demonstrated that SS-1 alleviates clinical SS. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and mechanism of the Chinese herbal formula SS-1 for salivary gland protein-induced experimental Sjögren’s syndrome (ESS). These results showed that ESS treatment with the Chinese herbal formula SS-1 (1500 mg/kg) significantly alleviated the severity of ESS. We found that SS-1 substantially improved saliva flow rates in SS mice and ameliorated lymphocytic infiltrations in submandibular glands. In addition, salivary gland protein-induced SS in mice treated with SS-1 significantly lowered proinflammatory cytokines (including IFN-γ, IL-6, and IL-17A) in mouse salivary glands and decreased serum anti-M3R autoantibody levels. In addition, we found that CD4+ T cells isolated from SS-1-treated SS mice significantly reduced the percentages of IFN-γ-producing CD4+ T cells (Th1) and IL-17A-producing CD4+ T cells (Th17). Our data show that SS-1 alleviates ESS through anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, which provides new insight into the clinical treatment of SS.
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12
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Liu G, Wang Z, Li X, Liu R, Li B, Huang L, Chen Y, Zhang C, Zhang H, Li Y, Chen Y, Yin H, Fang W. Total glucosides of paeony (TGP) alleviates constipation and intestinal inflammation in mice induced by Sjögren's syndrome. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 260:113056. [PMID: 32525066 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease and can cause gastrointestinal disorders such as constipation and intestinal inflammation. As a kind of medicinal material, Paeonia lactiflora Pall has a variety of pharmacological effects, and it is also an indispensable component in many pharmaceutical preparations, which has been widely concerned by the medical and pharmaceutical circles. Total glucosides of paeony (TGP) is a mixture of biologically active compounds extracted from the root of Paeonia lactiflora Pall and has therapeutic effects on a variety of autoimmune diseases. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the therapeutic effect of TGP on constipation and intestinal inflammation in mice modeled by SS, and to provide a basis for clinical research. MATERIALS AND METHODS The SS model was set up by submandibular gland (SMG) immune induction method and then treated with TGP for 24 weeks. The fecal characteristics were observed and the fecal number and moisture content were measured. Colonic pathology was observed by H&E staining. The levels of serum P substance (SP), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, nuclear factor (NF)-κB, nitric oxide (NO), and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and microplate method, respectively. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was employed to analyze the mRNA expression of c-kit and stem cell factor (SCF) in colon. RESULTS Compared with the model group, the dry and rough condition of the feces was improved, and the fecal gloss, number and moisture content significantly increased after the administration of TGP capsules. Meanwhile, TGP treatment improved colonic pathological damage, inhibited the serum concentrations of NO, NOS, IL-1β, TNF-α, NF-κB and SP, increased serum VIP concentration, and up-regulated mRNA expression of SCF and c-kit in colon. CONCLUSIONS TGP could obviously attenuate SS-mediated constipation and intestinal inflammation in mice by acting on some intestinal motility related factors and inflammatory factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.
| | - Ziyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.
| | - Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.
| | - Rui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.
| | - Binbin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.
| | - Liangliang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.
| | - Yan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.
| | - Chongxi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.
| | - Honghao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.
| | - Yunman Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.
| | - Yongjian Chen
- Ningbo Liwah Pharmaceutical Co, Ningbo, 315174, PR China.
| | - Hong Yin
- Ningbo Liwah Pharmaceutical Co, Ningbo, 315174, PR China.
| | - Weirong Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.
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13
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Gao Y, Chen Y, Zhang Z, Yu X, Zheng J. Recent Advances in Mouse Models of Sjögren's Syndrome. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1158. [PMID: 32695097 PMCID: PMC7338666 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a complex rheumatoid disease that mainly affects exocrine glands, resulting in xerostomia (dry mouth) and xerophthalmia (dry eye). SS is characterized by autoantibodies, infiltration into exocrine glands, and ectopic expression of MHC II molecules on glandular epithelial cells. In contrast to the well-characterized clinical and immunological features, the etiology and pathogenesis of SS remain largely unknown. Animal models are powerful research tools for elucidating the pathogenesis of human diseases. To date, many mouse models of SS, including induced models, in which disease is induced in mice, and genetic models, in which mice spontaneously develop SS-like disease, have been established. These mouse models have provided new insight into the pathogenesis of SS. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of recent advances in the field of experimental SS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzhen Gao
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Zhongjian Zhang
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xinhua Yu
- Priority Area Asthma & Allergy, Research Center Borstel, Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Members of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Borstel, Germany
| | - Junfeng Zheng
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
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14
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Bufotalin ameliorates experimental Sjögren's syndrome development by inhibiting Th17 generation. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2020; 393:1977-1985. [PMID: 31950221 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-020-01817-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is characterized by the reduced secretion of exocrine glands, suggesting strategies targeting inflammation to be a potential option for SS therapy. Bufotalin, an active constituent of Bufadienolides, exerts potent antitumor effects with unknown effects on autoimmune diseases including SS. This study aims to investigate whether bufotalin possesses therapeutic potentials to SS and the underlying mechanisms. The experimental Sjögren's syndrome (ESS) murine model was constructed by SG-immunization and murine naïve CD4+ T cells were cultured under Th17 polarization conditions with or without low doses of bufotalin treatment. Saliva flow rate was measured, and flow cytometry was applied to analyze T cell subpopulations. ELISA was conducted to determine the levels of targeted inflammatory cytokines. Bufotalin-treated ESS mice showed higher saliva flow rates, lower serum levels of autoantibodies (anti-M3R and anti-SSA IgG), lower serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, as well as lower Th17 cell population from spleens and cervical lymph nodes. Additionally, in vitro study showed that bufotalin inhibits Th17 polarization and secretion of cytokines IL-17 and IFN-γ. Bufotalin at a low dose significantly ameliorates ESS development, possibly via inhibiting pro-inflammatory Th17 population and secretion of inflammatory cytokines during ESS pathogenesis.
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15
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Verstappen GM, Corneth OB, Bootsma H, Kroese FG. Th17 cells in primary Sjögren's syndrome: Pathogenicity and plasticity. J Autoimmun 2018; 87:16-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2017.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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16
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Saito K, Mori S, Date F, Hong G. Epigallocatechin gallate stimulates the neuroreactive salivary secretomotor system in autoimmune sialadenitis of MRL-Fas(lpr) mice via activation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase A and inactivation of nuclear factor κB. Autoimmunity 2016; 48:379-88. [PMID: 25847253 DOI: 10.3109/08916934.2015.1030617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The water channel aquaporin 5 (AQP5) plays a crucial role in regulating salivary flow rates. Xerostomia is often observed in patients with Sjögren's syndrome, and this is attributed to reduced AQP5 expression in the salivary glands. Recently, anti-type 3 muscarinic cholinergic receptors (M3R) autoantibodies and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) have been found to be negative regulators of AQP5 expression in the salivary gland. Anti-M3R autoantibodies desensitize M3R to salivary secretagogues in Sjögren's syndrome, while activated NF-κB translocates to nuclei and binds to the AQP5 gene promoter, resulting in the suppression of AQP5 expression. We previously documented that epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), which is a robust antioxidant contained in green tea, ameliorates oxidative stress-induced tissue damage to the salivary glands of MRL/MpJ-lpr/lpr (MRL-Fas(lpr)) mice, which are widely used as a model of Sjögren's syndrome. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can activate NF-κB and inactivate protein kinase A (PKA), which is a key driver of AQP5 expression. In this study, we examined the effects of administering EGCG to MRL-Fas(lpr) mice with autoimmune sialadenitis on the levels of AQP5, activated NF-κB p65 subunit, activated PKA, activated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) (an activator of NF-κB), inhibitor κB (IκB) and histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) (an inhibitor of NF-κB). In EGCG-treated mice, intense aster-like immunostaining for AQP5 was observed on the apical plasma membranes (APMs) of submandibular gland acinar cells. Likewise, PKA, IκB and HDAC1 were highly expressed in salivary gland tissues, whereas the expression of JNK and NF-κB p65 was negligible. Rank correlation and partial correlation analyses revealed that treatment with EGCG upregulated AQP5 expression on the APM of acinar cells through activation of PKA and inactivation of NF-κB, while IκB and HDAC1 played a pivotal role in the induction of AQP5 expression by PKA. Our study indicates that EGCG may have therapeutic potential for Sjögren's syndrome patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Saito
- a Liaison Centre for Innovative Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry , Sendai , Japan
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RamaKrishnan AM, Sankaranarayanan K. Understanding autoimmunity: The ion channel perspective. Autoimmun Rev 2016; 15:585-620. [PMID: 26854401 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ion channels are integral membrane proteins that orchestrate the passage of ions across the cell membrane and thus regulate various key physiological processes of the living system. The stringently regulated expression and function of these channels hold a pivotal role in the development and execution of various cellular functions. Malfunction of these channels results in debilitating diseases collectively termed channelopathies. In this review, we highlight the role of these proteins in the immune system with special emphasis on the development of autoimmunity. The role of ion channels in various autoimmune diseases is also listed out. This comprehensive review summarizes the ion channels that could be used as molecular targets in the development of new therapeutics against autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kavitha Sankaranarayanan
- AU-KBC Research Centre, Madras Institute of Technology, Anna University, Chrompet, Chennai 600 044, India.
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18
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Li H, Sun X, Zhang J, Sun Y, Huo R, Li H, Zhai T, Shen B, Zhang M, Li N. Paeoniflorin ameliorates symptoms of experimental Sjogren's syndrome associated with down-regulating Cyr61 expression. Int Immunopharmacol 2016; 30:27-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Revised: 10/31/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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19
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Lin X, Rui K, Deng J, Tian J, Wang X, Wang S, Ko KH, Jiao Z, Chan VSF, Lau CS, Cao X, Lu L. Th17 cells play a critical role in the development of experimental Sjögren's syndrome. Ann Rheum Dis 2014; 74:1302-10. [PMID: 24573745 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-204584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Accepted: 02/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although Th17 cells have been increasingly recognised as an important effector in various autoimmune diseases, their function in the pathogenesis of Sjögren's syndrome (SS) remains largely uncharacterised. This study aims to determine the role of Th17 cells in the development of experimental SS (ESS). METHODS The ESS was induced in wildtype and IL-17A knockout (IL-17 KO) C57BL/6 mice immunised with salivary glands (SG) proteins. Phenotypic analysis of immune cells in the draining cervical lymph nodes (CLN) and SG was performed by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence microscopy. To determine the role of Th17 cells in ESS, immunised IL-17 KO mice were adoptively transferred with in vitro-generated Th17 cells and monitored for SS development. The salivary flow rate was measured, whereas inflammatory infiltration and tissue destruction in SG were assessed by histopathology. RESULTS SG protein-immunised mice developed overt SS symptoms with increased Th17 cells detected in CLN and within lymphocytic foci in inflamed SG. Notably, immunised IL-17 KO mice were completely resistant for SS induction, showing no evidence of disease symptoms and histopathological changes in SG. Adoptive transfer of Th17 cells rapidly induced the onset of ESS in immunised IL-17 KO mice with markedly reduced saliva secretion, elevated autoantibody production and pronounced inflammation and tissue damage in SG. CONCLUSIONS Our findings have defined a critical role of Th17 cells in the pathogenesis of ESS. Further studies may validate Th17 cell as a potential target for treating SS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Lin
- Department of Pathology and Center of Infection and Immunology, Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ke Rui
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jun Deng
- Department of Pathology and Center of Infection and Immunology, Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Jie Tian
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Department of Pathology and Center of Infection and Immunology, Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Shengjun Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - King-Hung Ko
- Department of Pathology and Center of Infection and Immunology, Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Zhijun Jiao
- Zhenjiang Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | | | - Chak Sing Lau
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Xuetao Cao
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology & Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liwei Lu
- Department of Pathology and Center of Infection and Immunology, Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Department of Immunology, School of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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20
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Xu ZP, Song Y, Yang K, Zhou W, Hou LN, Zhu L, Chen HZ, Cui YY. M3 mAChR-mediated IL-8 expression through PKC/NF-κB signaling pathways. Inflamm Res 2014; 63:463-73. [PMID: 24522860 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-014-0718-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Revised: 01/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) plays an important role in the regulation of cytokine production in inflammatory diseases. In this study, we explored the precise role of M3 mAChR under stimulation with agonist in IL-8 expression and of the signaling pathway involved in this process. MATERIALS AND METHODS Recombinant U2OS cells stably expressing M3 mAChR as a model system were stimulated by carbachol to evaluate the role of M3 mAChR in the expression of IL-8. RESULTS Activation of M3 mAChR with carbachol increased both IL-8 mRNA and protein expression in a concentration-dependent manner. Elevated IL-8 expression was completely antagonized by atropine, 4-DAMP and tiotropium. M3 mAChR-mediated IL-8 expression was almost completely inhibited by the NF-κB inhibitor BAY11-7082 and, to a lesser extent, by U0126, SB203580, and SP600125, which are inhibitors for ERK1/2, p38, and JNK, respectively. Furthermore, M3 mAChR-mediated NF-κB activation and IL-8 expression were simultaneously attenuated by the PKC inhibitor calphostin C, whereas PMA, a PKC activator, mimicked the effects of carbachol, inducing IL-8 expression. CONCLUSIONS Our findings offer insights into the specific and critical role of M3 mAChR in regulating inflammatory response and indicate M3 mAChR/PKC/NF-κB signaling axis driven by endogenous acetylcholine as a potential therapeutic targets for inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zu-Peng Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, China
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