1
|
Kim JS, Kidokoro S, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K, Shinozaki K. Regulatory networks in plant responses to drought and cold stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 195:170-189. [PMID: 38514098 PMCID: PMC11060690 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Drought and cold represent distinct types of abiotic stress, each initiating unique primary signaling pathways in response to dehydration and temperature changes, respectively. However, a convergence at the gene regulatory level is observed where a common set of stress-responsive genes is activated to mitigate the impacts of both stresses. In this review, we explore these intricate regulatory networks, illustrating how plants coordinate distinct stress signals into a collective transcriptional strategy. We delve into the molecular mechanisms of stress perception, stress signaling, and the activation of gene regulatory pathways, with a focus on insights gained from model species. By elucidating both the shared and distinct aspects of plant responses to drought and cold, we provide insight into the adaptive strategies of plants, paving the way for the engineering of stress-resilient crop varieties that can withstand a changing climate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- June-Sik Kim
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, 230-0045Japan
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, 2-20-1 Chuo, Kurashiki, 710-0046Japan
| | - Satoshi Kidokoro
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8502Japan
| | - Kazuko Yamaguchi-Shinozaki
- Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8502Japan
- Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Science, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0032Japan
| | - Kazuo Shinozaki
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, 230-0045Japan
- Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kutsuno T, Chowhan S, Kotake T, Takahashi D. Temporal cell wall changes during cold acclimation and deacclimation and their potential involvement in freezing tolerance and growth. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e13837. [PMID: 36461890 PMCID: PMC10107845 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Plants adapt to freezing stress through cold acclimation, which is induced by nonfreezing low temperatures and accompanied by growth arrest. A later increase in temperature after cold acclimation leads to rapid loss of freezing tolerance and growth resumption, a process called deacclimation. Appropriate regulation of the trade-off between freezing tolerance and growth is necessary for efficient plant development in a changing environment. The cell wall, which mainly consists of polysaccharide polymers, is involved in both freezing tolerance and growth. Still, it is unclear how the balance between freezing tolerance and growth is affected during cold acclimation and deacclimation by the changes in cell wall structure and what role is played by its monosaccharide composition. Therefore, to elucidate the regulatory mechanisms controlling freezing tolerance and growth during cold acclimation and deacclimation, we investigated cell wall changes in detail by sequential fractionation and monosaccharide composition analysis in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, for which a plethora of information and mutant lines are available. We found that arabinogalactan proteins and pectic galactan changed in close coordination with changes in freezing tolerance and growth during cold acclimation and deacclimation. On the other hand, arabinan and xyloglucan did not return to nonacclimation levels after deacclimation but stabilized at cold acclimation levels. This indicates that deacclimation does not completely restore cell wall composition to the nonacclimated state but rather changes it to a specific novel composition that is probably a consequence of the loss of freezing tolerance and provides conditions for growth resumption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Kutsuno
- Graduate School of Science & EngineeringSaitama UniversitySaitamaJapan
| | - Sushan Chowhan
- Graduate School of Science & EngineeringSaitama UniversitySaitamaJapan
| | - Toshihisa Kotake
- Graduate School of Science & EngineeringSaitama UniversitySaitamaJapan
| | - Daisuke Takahashi
- Graduate School of Science & EngineeringSaitama UniversitySaitamaJapan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kidokoro S, Shinozaki K, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K. Transcriptional regulatory network of plant cold-stress responses. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 27:922-935. [PMID: 35210165 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2022.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have revealed the complex and flexible transcriptional regulatory network involved in cold-stress responses. Focusing on two major signaling pathways that respond to cold stress, we outline current knowledge of the transcriptional regulatory network and the post-translational regulation of transcription factors in the network. Cold-stress signaling pathways are closely associated with other signaling pathways such as those related to the circadian clock, and large amounts of data on their crosstalk and tradeoffs are available. However, it remains unknown how plants sense and transmit cold-stress signals to regulate gene expression. We discuss recent reports on cold-stress sensing and associated signaling pathways that regulate the network. We also emphasize future directions for developing abiotic stress-tolerant crop plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Kidokoro
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
| | - Kazuo Shinozaki
- Gene Discovery Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan
| | - Kazuko Yamaguchi-Shinozaki
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; Research Institute for Agricultural and Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wu Y, Lv S, Zhao Y, Chang C, Hong W, Jiang J. SlHSP17.7 Ameliorates Chilling Stress-Induced Damage by Regulating Phosphatidylglycerol Metabolism and Calcium Signal in Tomato Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:1865. [PMID: 35890502 PMCID: PMC9324031 DOI: 10.3390/plants11141865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.) are sensitive to chilling temperatures between 0 °C and 12 °C owing to their tropical origin. SlHSP17.7, a cytoplasmic heat shock protein, interacts with cation/calcium exchanger 1-like (SlCCX1-like) protein and promotes chilling tolerance in tomato fruits (Zhang, et al., Plant Sci., 2020, 298, 1-12). The overexpression of SlHSP17.7 can also promote cold tolerance in tomato plants, but its specific mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we show that the overexpression of SlHSP17.7 in tomato plants enhances chilling tolerance with better activity of photosystem II (PSII). Metabolic analyses revealed that SlHSP17.7 improved membrane fluidity by raising the levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Transcriptome analyses showed that SlHSP17.7 activated Ca2+ signaling and induced the expression of C-repeat binding factor (CBF) genes, which in turn inhibited the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The gene coexpression network analysis showed that SlHSP17.7 is coexpressed with SlMED26b. SlMED26b silencing significantly lowered OE-HSP17.7 plants' chilling tolerance. Thus, SlHSP17.7 modulates tolerance to chilling via both membrane fluidity and Ca2+-mediated CBF pathway in tomato plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Wu
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
- Institute of Vegetable Science, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110161, China
| | - Shuwen Lv
- Institute of Vegetable Science, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang 110161, China
| | - Yaran Zhao
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Chenliang Chang
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Wei Hong
- Shenyang Institute of Technology, Shenyang 113122, China
| | - Jing Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Education Ministry, Shenyang 110866, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Interplay between Ca 2+/Calmodulin-Mediated Signaling and AtSR1/CAMTA3 during Increased Temperature Resulting in Compromised Immune Response in Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042175. [PMID: 35216293 PMCID: PMC8880272 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Changing temperatures are known to affect plant–microbe interactions; however, the molecular mechanism involved in plant disease resistance is not well understood. Here, we report the effects of a moderate change in temperature on plant immune response through Ca2+/calmodulin-mediated signaling. At 30 °C, Pst DC3000 triggered significantly weak and relatively slow Ca2+ influx in plant cells, as compared to that at 18 °C. Increased temperature contributed to an enhanced disease susceptibility in plants; the enhanced disease susceptibility is the result of the compromised stomatal closure induced by pathogens at high temperature. A Ca2+ receptor, AtSR1, contributes to the decreased plant immunity at high temperatures and the calmodulin-binding domain (CaMBD) is required for its function. Furthermore, both salicylic acid biosynthesis (ICS) and salicylic acid receptor (NPR1) are involved in this process. In addition to stomatal control, AtSR1 is involved in high temperature-compromised apoplastic immune response through the salicylic acid signaling pathway. The qRT-PCR data revealed that AtSR1 contributed to increased temperatures-mediated susceptible immune response by regulating SA-related genes in atsr1, such as PR1, ICS1, NPR1, as well as EDS1. Our results indicate that Ca2+ signaling has broad effects on the molecular interplay between changing temperatures as well as plant defense during plant–pathogen interactions.
Collapse
|
6
|
Zheng S, Su M, Wang L, Zhang T, Wang J, Xie H, Wu X, Haq SIU, Qiu QS. Small signaling molecules in plant response to cold stress. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 266:153534. [PMID: 34601338 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2021.153534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cold stress is one of the harsh environmental stresses that adversely affect plant growth and crop yields in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. However, plants have evolved mechanisms to overcome the impact of cold stress. Progress has been made in understanding how plants perceive and transduce low-temperature signals to tolerate cold stress. Small signaling molecules are crucial for cellular signal transduction by initiating the downstream signaling cascade that helps plants to respond to cold stress. These small signaling molecules include calcium, reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, hydrogen sulfide, cyclic guanosine monophosphate, phosphatidic acid, and sphingolipids. The small signaling molecules are involved in many aspects of cellular and physiological functions, such as inducing gene expression and activating hormone signaling, resulting in upregulation of the antioxidant enzyme activities, osmoprotectant accumulation, malondialdehyde reduction, and photosynthesis improvement. We summarize our current understanding of the roles of the small signaling molecules in cold stress in plants, and highlight their crosstalk in cold signaling transduction. These discoveries help us understand how the plateau plants adapt to the severe alpine environment as well as to develop new crops tolerating cold stress in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zheng
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Min Su
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Lu Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Tengguo Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Juan Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Huichun Xie
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant and Animal Resources of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, School of Life Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, 810008, China
| | - Xuexia Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China
| | - Syed Inzimam Ul Haq
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Quan-Sheng Qiu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Li X, Chen L, Yao L, Zou J, Hao J, Wu W. Calcium-dependent protein kinase CPK32 mediates calcium signaling in regulating Arabidopsis flowering time. Natl Sci Rev 2021; 9:nwab180. [PMID: 35079411 PMCID: PMC8783668 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwab180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Appropriate flowering time is critical for the reproductive success of plant species. Emerging evidence indicates that calcium may play an important role in the regulation of flowering time. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that calcium-dependent protein kinase 32 (CPK32) regulates flowering time by affecting the alternative polyadenylation of FLOWERING CONTROL LOCUS A (FCA) and altering the transcription of FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC), a central repressor of flowering time. The knockdown of CPK32 results in an obvious late flowering phenotype and dramatically enhanced FLC transcription. CPK32 interacts with FCA, and phosphorylates the serine592 of FCA in a Ca2+-dependent manner. Moreover, the ratio of abundance of the FCA transcripts (FCA-D and FCA-P) changes significantly in the cpk32 mutant, which subsequently affects FLC expression and consequently regulates floral transition. The present evidence demonstrates that CPK32 modulates flowering time by regulating FCA alternative polyadenylation and consequent FLC expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xidong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Limei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Li Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Syngenta Biotechnology China Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206, China
| | - Junjie Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jie Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Weihua Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ródenas R, Vert G. Regulation of Root Nutrient Transporters by CIPK23: 'One Kinase to Rule Them All'. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 62:553-563. [PMID: 33367898 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcaa156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Protein kinases constitute essential regulatory components in the majority of cellular processes in eukaryotic cells. The CBL-INTERACTING PROTEIN KINASE (CIPK) family of plant protein kinases functions in calcium (Ca2+)-related signaling pathways and is therefore involved in the response to a wide variety of signals in plants. By covalently linking phosphate groups to their target proteins, CIPKs regulate the activity of downstream targets, their localization, their stability and their ability to interact with other proteins. In Arabidopsis, the CIPK23 kinase has emerged as a major hub driving root responses to diverse environmental stresses, including drought, salinity and nutrient imbalances, such as potassium, nitrate and iron deficiencies, as well as ammonium, magnesium and non-iron metal toxicities. This review will chiefly report on the prominent roles of CIPK23 in the regulation of plant nutrient transporters and on the underlying molecular mechanisms. We will also discuss the different scenarios explaining how a single promiscuous kinase, such as CIPK23, may convey specific responses to a myriad of signals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reyes Ródenas
- Plant Science Research Laboratory (LRSV), UMR5546, CNRS, Université Toulouse 3, 24 Chemin de Borde Rouge, 31320 Auzeville Tolosane, France
| | - Grégory Vert
- Plant Science Research Laboratory (LRSV), UMR5546, CNRS, Université Toulouse 3, 24 Chemin de Borde Rouge, 31320 Auzeville Tolosane, France
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ruiz-Lopez N, Pérez-Sancho J, del Valle AE, Haslam RP, Vanneste S, Catalá R, Perea-Resa C, Damme DV, García-Hernández S, Albert A, Vallarino J, Lin J, Friml J, Macho AP, Salinas J, Rosado A, Napier JA, Amorim-Silva V, Botella MA. Synaptotagmins at the endoplasmic reticulum-plasma membrane contact sites maintain diacylglycerol homeostasis during abiotic stress. THE PLANT CELL 2021; 33:2431-2453. [PMID: 33944955 PMCID: PMC8364230 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koab122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum-plasma membrane contact sites (ER-PM CS) play fundamental roles in all eukaryotic cells. Arabidopsis thaliana mutants lacking the ER-PM protein tether synaptotagmin1 (SYT1) exhibit decreased PM integrity under multiple abiotic stresses, such as freezing, high salt, osmotic stress, and mechanical damage. Here, we show that, together with SYT1, the stress-induced SYT3 is an ER-PM tether that also functions in maintaining PM integrity. The ER-PM CS localization of SYT1 and SYT3 is dependent on PM phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate and is regulated by abiotic stress. Lipidomic analysis revealed that cold stress increased the accumulation of diacylglycerol at the PM in a syt1/3 double mutant relative to wild-type while the levels of most glycerolipid species remain unchanged. In addition, the SYT1-green fluorescent protein fusion preferentially binds diacylglycerol in vivo with little affinity for polar glycerolipids. Our work uncovers a SYT-dependent mechanism of stress adaptation counteracting the detrimental accumulation of diacylglycerol at the PM produced during episodes of abiotic stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noemi Ruiz-Lopez
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora”, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga 12907, Spain
- Author for correspondence: (M.A.B.), (N.R.-L.)
| | - Jessica Pérez-Sancho
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora”, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga 12907, Spain
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, China
| | - Alicia Esteban del Valle
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora”, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga 12907, Spain
| | | | - Steffen Vanneste
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent 9052, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Rafael Catalá
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana y de Plantas, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas-CSIC, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Carlos Perea-Resa
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana y de Plantas, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas-CSIC, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Daniël Van Damme
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent 9052, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Selene García-Hernández
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora”, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga 12907, Spain
| | - Armando Albert
- Departamento de Cristalografía y Biología Estructural, Instituto de Química Física “Rocasolano”, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, 28006, Spain
| | - José Vallarino
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora”, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga 12907, Spain
| | - Jinxing Lin
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jiří Friml
- Institute of Science and Technology (IST), Klosterneuburg, 3400, Austria
| | - Alberto P. Macho
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201602, China
| | - Julio Salinas
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana y de Plantas, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas-CSIC, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Abel Rosado
- Department of Botany, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, BC V6T 1Z4
| | | | - Vitor Amorim-Silva
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora”, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga 12907, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Botella
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora”, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga 12907, Spain
- Author for correspondence: (M.A.B.), (N.R.-L.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Schulze S, Dubeaux G, Ceciliato PHO, Munemasa S, Nuhkat M, Yarmolinsky D, Aguilar J, Diaz R, Azoulay-Shemer T, Steinhorst L, Offenborn JN, Kudla J, Kollist H, Schroeder JI. A role for calcium-dependent protein kinases in differential CO 2 - and ABA-controlled stomatal closing and low CO 2 -induced stomatal opening in Arabidopsis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 229:2765-2779. [PMID: 33187027 PMCID: PMC7902375 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Low concentrations of CO2 cause stomatal opening, whereas [CO2 ] elevation leads to stomatal closure. Classical studies have suggested a role for Ca2+ and protein phosphorylation in CO2 -induced stomatal closing. Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CPKs) and calcineurin-B-like proteins (CBLs) can sense and translate cytosolic elevation of the second messenger Ca2+ into specific phosphorylation events. However, Ca2+ -binding proteins that function in the stomatal CO2 response remain unknown. Time-resolved stomatal conductance measurements using intact plants, and guard cell patch-clamp experiments were performed. We isolated cpk quintuple mutants and analyzed stomatal movements in response to CO2 , light and abscisic acid (ABA). Interestingly, we found that cpk3/5/6/11/23 quintuple mutant plants, but not other analyzed cpk quadruple/quintuple mutants, were defective in high CO2 -induced stomatal closure and, unexpectedly, also in low CO2 -induced stomatal opening. Furthermore, K+ -uptake-channel activities were reduced in cpk3/5/6/11/23 quintuple mutants, in correlation with the stomatal opening phenotype. However, light-mediated stomatal opening remained unaffected, and ABA responses showed slowing in some experiments. By contrast, CO2 -regulated stomatal movement kinetics were not clearly affected in plasma membrane-targeted cbl1/4/5/8/9 quintuple mutant plants. Our findings describe combinatorial cpk mutants that function in CO2 control of stomatal movements and support the results of classical studies showing a role for Ca2+ in this response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Schulze
- Division of Biological Sciences, Cell and Developmental Biology Section, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0116, USA
| | - Guillaume Dubeaux
- Division of Biological Sciences, Cell and Developmental Biology Section, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0116, USA
| | - Paulo H. O. Ceciliato
- Division of Biological Sciences, Cell and Developmental Biology Section, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0116, USA
| | - Shintaro Munemasa
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Tsushima-Naka, Okayama 700–8530, Japan
| | - Maris Nuhkat
- Plant Signal Research Group, Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, Tartu, 50411, Estonia
| | - Dmitry Yarmolinsky
- Plant Signal Research Group, Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, Tartu, 50411, Estonia
| | - Jaimee Aguilar
- Division of Biological Sciences, Cell and Developmental Biology Section, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0116, USA
| | - Renee Diaz
- Division of Biological Sciences, Cell and Developmental Biology Section, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0116, USA
| | - Tamar Azoulay-Shemer
- Division of Biological Sciences, Cell and Developmental Biology Section, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0116, USA
- Fruit Tree Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), The Volcani Center, Newe Ya’ar Research Center, Ramat Yishay, Israel
| | - Leonie Steinhorst
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Jan Niklas Offenborn
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Jörg Kudla
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Hannes Kollist
- Plant Signal Research Group, Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, Tartu, 50411, Estonia
| | - Julian I. Schroeder
- Division of Biological Sciences, Cell and Developmental Biology Section, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0116, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Eichstädt B, Lederer S, Trempel F, Jiang X, Guerra T, Waadt R, Lee J, Liese A, Romeis T. Plant Immune Memory in Systemic Tissue Does Not Involve Changes in Rapid Calcium Signaling. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:798230. [PMID: 34970294 PMCID: PMC8712724 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.798230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Upon pathogen recognition, a transient rise in cytoplasmic calcium levels is one of the earliest events in plants and a prerequisite for defense initiation and signal propagation from a local site to systemic plant tissues. However, it is unclear if calcium signaling differs in the context of priming: Do plants exposed to a first pathogen stimulus and have consequently established systemic acquired resistance (SAR) display altered calcium responses to a second pathogen stimulus? Several calcium indicator systems including aequorin, YC3.6 or R-GECO1 have been used to document local calcium responses to the bacterial flg22 peptide but systemic calcium imaging within a single plant remains a technical challenge. Here, we report on an experimental approach to monitor flg22-induced calcium responses in systemic leaves of primed plants. The calcium-dependent protein kinase CPK5 is a key calcium sensor and regulator of the NADPH oxidase RBOHD and plays a role in the systemic calcium-ROS signal propagation. We therefore compared flg22-induced cytoplasmic calcium changes in Arabidopsis wild-type, cpk5 mutant and CPK5-overexpressing plants (exhibiting constitutive priming) by introgressing the calcium indicator R-GECO1-mTurquoise that allows internal normalization through mTurquoise fluorescence. Aequorin-based analyses were included for comparison. Based on the R-GECO1-mTurquoise data, CPK5-OE appears to reinforce an "oscillatory-like" Ca2+ signature in flg22-treated local tissues. However, no change was observed in the flg22-induced calcium response in the systemic tissues of plants that had been pre-challenged by a priming stimulus - neither in wild-type nor in cpk5 or CPK5-OE-lines. These data indicate that the mechanistic manifestation of a plant immune memory in distal plant parts required for enhanced pathogen resistance does not include changes in rapid calcium signaling upstream of CPK5 but rather relies on downstream defense responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah Lederer
- Department for Biochemistry of Plant Interactions, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Fabian Trempel
- Department for Biochemistry of Plant Interactions, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Xiyuan Jiang
- Department for Biochemistry of Plant Interactions, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Tiziana Guerra
- Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Großbeeren, Germany
| | - Rainer Waadt
- Entwicklungsbiologie der Pflanzen, Centre for Organismal Studies, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Justin Lee
- Department for Biochemistry of Plant Interactions, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Anja Liese
- Department for Biochemistry of Plant Interactions, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Tina Romeis
- Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department for Biochemistry of Plant Interactions, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle (Saale), Germany
- *Correspondence: Tina Romeis,
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kamal MM, Ishikawa S, Takahashi F, Suzuki K, Kamo M, Umezawa T, Shinozaki K, Kawamura Y, Uemura M. Large-Scale Phosphoproteomic Study of Arabidopsis Membrane Proteins Reveals Early Signaling Events in Response to Cold. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8631. [PMID: 33207747 PMCID: PMC7696906 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cold stress is one of the major factors limiting global crop production. For survival at low temperatures, plants need to sense temperature changes in the surrounding environment. How plants sense and respond to the earliest drop in temperature is still not clearly understood. The plasma membrane and its adjacent extracellular and cytoplasmic sites are the first checkpoints for sensing temperature changes and the subsequent events, such as signal generation and solute transport. To understand how plants respond to early cold exposure, we used a mass spectrometry-based phosphoproteomic method to study the temporal changes in protein phosphorylation events in Arabidopsis membranes during 5 to 60 min of cold exposure. The results revealed that brief cold exposures led to rapid phosphorylation changes in the proteins involved in cellular ion homeostasis, solute and protein transport, cytoskeleton organization, vesical trafficking, protein modification, and signal transduction processes. The phosphorylation motif and kinase-substrate network analysis also revealed that multiple protein kinases, including RLKs, MAPKs, CDPKs, and their substrates, could be involved in early cold signaling. Taken together, our results provide a first look at the cold-responsive phosphoproteome changes of Arabidopsis membrane proteins that can be a significant resource to understand how plants respond to an early temperature drop.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Mostafa Kamal
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, Morioka 020-8550, Japan; (M.M.K.); (Y.K.)
| | - Shinnosuke Ishikawa
- Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei 184-8588, Japan; (S.I.); (T.U.)
| | - Fuminori Takahashi
- Gene Discovery Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 3-1-1 Koyadai, Tsukuba 305-0074, Japan; (F.T.); (K.S.)
| | - Ko Suzuki
- Department of Biochemistry, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba 028-3694, Japan; (K.S.); (M.K.)
| | - Masaharu Kamo
- Department of Biochemistry, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba 028-3694, Japan; (K.S.); (M.K.)
| | - Taishi Umezawa
- Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei 184-8588, Japan; (S.I.); (T.U.)
| | - Kazuo Shinozaki
- Gene Discovery Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 3-1-1 Koyadai, Tsukuba 305-0074, Japan; (F.T.); (K.S.)
| | - Yukio Kawamura
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, Morioka 020-8550, Japan; (M.M.K.); (Y.K.)
- Department of Plant-Bioscience, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka 020-8550, Japan
| | - Matsuo Uemura
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, Morioka 020-8550, Japan; (M.M.K.); (Y.K.)
- Department of Plant-Bioscience, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka 020-8550, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Suda H, Mano H, Toyota M, Fukushima K, Mimura T, Tsutsui I, Hedrich R, Tamada Y, Hasebe M. Calcium dynamics during trap closure visualized in transgenic Venus flytrap. NATURE PLANTS 2020; 6:1219-1224. [PMID: 33020606 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-020-00773-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The leaves of the carnivorous plant Venus flytrap, Dionaea muscipula (Dionaea) close rapidly to capture insect prey. The closure response usually requires two successive mechanical stimuli to sensory hairs on the leaf blade within approximately 30 s (refs. 1-4). An unknown biological system in Dionaea is thought to memorize the first stimulus and transduce the signal from the sensory hair to the leaf blade2. Here, we link signal memory to calcium dynamics using transgenic Dionaea expressing a Ca2+ sensor. Stimulation of a sensory hair caused an increase in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]cyt) starting in the sensory hair and spreading to the leaf blade. A second stimulus increased [Ca2+]cyt to an even higher level, meeting a threshold that is correlated to the leaf blade closure. Because [Ca2+]cyt gradually decreased after the first stimulus, the [Ca2+]cyt increase induced by the second stimulus was insufficient to meet the putative threshold for movement after about 30 s. The Ca2+ wave triggered by mechanical stimulation moved an order of magnitude faster than that induced by wounding in petioles of Arabidopsis thaliana5 and Dionaea. The capacity for rapid movement has evolved repeatedly in flowering plants. This study opens a path to investigate the role of Ca2+ in plant movement mechanisms and their evolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiraku Suda
- National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Japan
- Department of Basic Biology, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Okazaki, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Mano
- National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Japan
- Department of Basic Biology, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Okazaki, Japan
- JST, PRESTO, Saitama, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Toyota
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama, Japan
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Kenji Fukushima
- National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Japan
- Department of Basic Biology, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Okazaki, Japan
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tetsuro Mimura
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Izuo Tsutsui
- Graduate School of Business Administration, Hitotsubashi University, Kunitachi, Japan
| | - Rainer Hedrich
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yosuke Tamada
- National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Japan
- Department of Basic Biology, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Okazaki, Japan
- School of Engineering, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya, Japan
| | - Mitsuyasu Hasebe
- National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Japan.
- Department of Basic Biology, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Okazaki, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hiraki H, Watanabe M, Uemura M, Kawamura Y. Season specificity in the cold-induced calcium signal and the volatile chemicals in the atmosphere. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2020; 168:803-818. [PMID: 31390065 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cold-induced Ca2+ signals in plants are widely accepted to be involved in cold acclimation. Surprisingly, despite using Arabidopsis plants grown in a growth chamber, we observed a clear seasonal change in cold-induced Ca2+ signals only in roots. Ca2+ signals were captured using Arabidopsis expressing Yellow Cameleon 3.60. In winter, two Ca2+ signal peaks were observed during a cooling treatment from 20 to 0°C, but in summer only one small peak was observed under the same cooling condition. In the spring and autumn seasons, an intermediate type of Ca2+ signal, which had a delayed first peak and smaller second peaks compared with the those of the winter type, was observed. Volatile chemicals and/or particles in the air from the outside may affect plants in the growth chamber. This idea is supported by the fact that incubation of plants with activated carbon changed the intermediate-type Ca2+ signal to the summer-type. The seasonality was also observed in the freezing tolerance of plants cold-acclimated in a low-temperature chamber. The solar radiation intensity was weakly correlated, not only with the seasonal characteristics of the Ca2+ signal but also with freezing tolerance. It has been reported that the ethylene concentration in the atmosphere seasonally changes depending on the solar radiation intensity. Ethylene gas and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid treatment affected the Ca2+ signals, the shape of which became a shape close to, but not the same as, the winter type from the other types, indicating that ethylene may be one of several factors influencing the cold-induced Ca2+ signal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Hiraki
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, Iwate, 020-8550, Japan
| | - Manabu Watanabe
- Field Science Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Iwate, 020-0611, Japan
| | - Matsuo Uemura
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, Iwate, 020-8550, Japan
- Department of Plant Bioscience, Iwate University, Iwate, 020-8550, Japan
| | - Yukio Kawamura
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, Iwate, 020-8550, Japan
- Department of Plant Bioscience, Iwate University, Iwate, 020-8550, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hiraki H, Uemura M, Kawamura Y. Calcium Signaling-Linked CBF/DREB1 Gene Expression was Induced Depending on the Temperature Fluctuation in the Field: Views from the Natural Condition of Cold Acclimation. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 60:303-317. [PMID: 30380128 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcy210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Environmental adaptability is essential for plant survival. Though it is well known that a simple cooling or cold shock leads to Ca2+ signals, direct evidence has not been provided that plants use Ca2+ signals as a second messenger in the cold acclimation (CA) process in the field. By developing a technique to analyze Ca2+ signals using confocal cryomicroscopy, we investigated Ca2+ signals under several temperature conditions by combining the start temperature, cooling rate and cooling time duration. In both root and leaf cells, Ca2+ signals rapidly disappeared after cooling stopped, and thereafter under a constant low temperature no Ca2+ signal was observed. Interestingly, under the cooling regime from 2�C to -2�C, non-acclimated plants grown at 23�C hardly showed Ca2+ signals, but cold-acclimated plants at 2�C were able to form Ca2+ signals in root cells. These findings suggest that plants sense temperature decreases with Ca2+ signals while adjusting the temperature sensitivity to their own temperature environment. Furthermore, if the temperature is constant, no Ca2+ signal is induced even during CA. Then, we also focused on the CA under field conditions, rich in temperature fluctuations. In CA under field conditions, the expression patterns of CBF/DREB1 genes were distinctly different from those in artificial CA. Pharmacological studies with Ca2+ channel blockers showed that the Ca2+-induced expression of CBF/DREB1 genes was closely correlated with the amplitude of temperature fluctuation, suggesting that Ca2+ signals regulate CBF/DREB1 gene expression during CA under natural conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Hiraki
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, Morioka, Japan
| | - Matsuo Uemura
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, Morioka, Japan
- Cryobiofrontier Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Japan
- Department of Plant-bioscience, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Japan
| | - Yukio Kawamura
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, Morioka, Japan
- Cryobiofrontier Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Japan
- Department of Plant-bioscience, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sami F, Faizan M, Faraz A, Siddiqui H, Yusuf M, Hayat S. Nitric oxide-mediated integrative alterations in plant metabolism to confer abiotic stress tolerance, NO crosstalk with phytohormones and NO-mediated post translational modifications in modulating diverse plant stress. Nitric Oxide 2017; 73:22-38. [PMID: 29275195 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 11/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a major signaling biomolecule associated with signal transduction in plants. The beneficial role of NO in plants, exposed to several abiotic stresses shifted our understanding as it being not only free radical, released from the toxic byproducts of oxidative metabolism but also helps in plant sustenance. An explosion of research in plant NO biology during the last two decades has revealed that NO is a key signal associated with plant growth, germination, photosynthesis, leaf senescence, pollen growth and reorientation. NO is beneficial as well as harmful to plants in a dose-dependent manner. Exogenous application of NO at lower concentrations promotes seed germination, hypocotyl elongation, pollen development, flowering and delays senescence but at higher concentrations it causes nitrosative damage to plants. However, this review concentrates on the beneficial impact of NO in lower concentrations in the plants and also highlights the NO crosstalk of NO with other plant hormones, such as auxins, gibberellins, abscisic acid, cytokinins, ethylene, salicylic acid and jasmonic acid, under diverse stresses. While concentrating on the multidimensional role of NO, an attempt has been made to cover the role of NO-mediated genes associated with plant developmental processes, metal uptake, and plant defense responses as well as stress-related genes. More recently, several NO-mediated post translational modifications, such as S-nitrosylation, N-end rule pathway operates under hypoxia and tyrosine nitration also occurs to modulate plant physiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fareen Sami
- Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Mohammad Faizan
- Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Ahmad Faraz
- Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Husna Siddiqui
- Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Mohammad Yusuf
- Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Shamsul Hayat
- Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Shamustakimova AO, Leonova ТG, Taranov VV, de Boer AH, Babakov AV. Cold stress increases salt tolerance of the extremophytes Eutrema salsugineum (Thellungiella salsuginea) and Eutrema (Thellungiella) botschantzevii. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 208:128-138. [PMID: 27940414 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2016.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Revised: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A comparative study was performed to analyze the effect of cold acclimation on improving the resistance of Arabidopsis thaliana, Eutrema salsugineum and Eutrema botschantzevii plants to salt stress. Shoot FW, sodium and potassium accumulation, metabolite content, expression of proton pump genes VAB1, VAB2,VAB3, VP2, HA3 and genes encoding ion transporters SOS1, HKT1, NHX1, NHX2, NHX5 located in the plasma membrane or tonoplast were determined just after the cold treatment and the onset of the salt stress. In the same cold-acclimated E. botschantzevii plants, the Na+ concentration after salt treatment was around 80% lower than in non-acclimated plants, whereas the K+ concentration was higher. As a result of cold acclimation, the expression of, VAB3, NHX2, NHX5 genes and of SOS1, VP2, HA3 genes was strongly enhanced in E. botschantzevii and in E. salsugineum plants correspondently. None of the 10 genes analyzed showed any expression change in A. thaliana plants after cold acclimation. Altogether, the results indicate that cold-induced adaptation to subsequent salt stress exists in the extremophytes E. botschantzevii and to a lesser extend in E. salsugineum and is absent in Arabidopsis. This phenomenon may be attributed to the increased expression of ion transporter genes during cold acclimation in the Eutrema species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A O Shamustakimova
- All_Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Timiryazevskaya st., 42, Moscow 127550 Russia
| | - Т G Leonova
- All_Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Timiryazevskaya st., 42, Moscow 127550 Russia
| | - V V Taranov
- All_Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Timiryazevskaya st., 42, Moscow 127550 Russia
| | - A H de Boer
- Department of Structural Biology, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A V Babakov
- All_Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Timiryazevskaya st., 42, Moscow 127550 Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Noman A, Kanwal H, Khalid N, Sanaullah T, Tufail A, Masood A, Sabir SUR, Aqeel M, He S. Perspective Research Progress in Cold Responses of Capsella bursa-pastoris. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1388. [PMID: 28855910 PMCID: PMC5557727 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Plants respond to cold stress by modulating biochemical pathways and array of molecular events. Plant morphology is also affected by the onset of cold conditions culminating at repression in growth as well as yield reduction. As a preventive measure, cascades of complex signal transduction pathways are employed that permit plants to endure freezing or chilling periods. The signaling pathways and related events are regulated by the plant hormonal activity. Recent investigations have provided a prospective understanding about plant response to cold stress by means of developmental pathways e.g., moderate growth involved in cold tolerance. Cold acclimation assays and bioinformatics analyses have revealed the role of potential transcription factors and expression of genes like CBF, COR in response to low temperature stress. Capsella bursa-pastoris is a considerable model plant system for evolutionary and developmental studies. On different occasions it has been proved that C. bursa-pastoris is more capable of tolerating cold than A. thaliana. But, the mechanism for enhanced low or freezing temperature tolerance is still not clear and demands intensive research. Additionally, identification and validation of cold responsive genes in this candidate plant species is imperative for plant stress physiology and molecular breeding studies to improve cold tolerance in crops. We have analyzed the role of different genes and hormones in regulating plant cold resistance with special reference to C. bursa-pastoris. Review of collected data displays potential ability of Capsella as model plant for improvement in cold stress regulation. Information is summarized on cold stress signaling by hormonal control which highlights the substantial achievements and designate gaps that still happen in our understanding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Noman
- College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China
- Department of Botany, Government College UniversityFaisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hina Kanwal
- Department of Botany, Government College Women UniversityFaisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Noreen Khalid
- Department of Botany, Government College Women UniversitySialkot, Pakistan
| | - Tayyaba Sanaullah
- Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan, Pakistan
| | - Aasma Tufail
- Division of Science & Technology, Department of Botany, University of EducationLahore, Pakistan
| | - Atifa Masood
- Department of Botany, University of LahoreSargodha, Pakistan
| | - Sabeeh-ur-Rasool Sabir
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, School of Life Science, Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Aqeel
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, School of Life Science, Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Muhammad Aqeel
| | - Shuilin He
- College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China
- National Education Minister, Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou, China
- Shuilin He
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Hüner NPA, Dahal K, Bode R, Kurepin LV, Ivanov AG. Photosynthetic acclimation, vernalization, crop productivity and 'the grand design of photosynthesis'. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 203:29-43. [PMID: 27185597 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2016.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Daniel Arnon first proposed the notion of a 'grand design of photosynthesis' in 1982 to illustrate the central role of photosynthesis as the primary energy transformer for all life on Earth. However, we suggest that this concept can be extended to the broad impact of photosynthesis not only in global energy transformation but also in the regulation of plant growth, development, survival and crop productivity through chloroplast redox signalling. We compare and contrast the role of chloroplast redox imbalance, measured as excitation pressure, in governing acclimation to abiotic stress and phenotypic plasticity. Although all photoautrophs sense excessive excitation energy through changes in excitation pressure, the response to this chloroplast redox signal is species dependent. Due to a limited capacity to adjust metabolic sinks, cyanobacteria and green algae induce photoprotective mechanisms which dissipate excess excitation energy at a cost of decreased photosynthetic performance. In contrast, terrestrial, cold tolerant plants such as wheat enhance metabolic sink capacity which leads to enhanced photosynthetic performance and biomass accumulation with minimal dependence on photoprotection. We suggest that the family of nuclear C-repeat binding transcription factors (CBFs) associated with the frost resistance locus, FR2, contiguous with the vernalization locus,VRN1, and mapped to chromosome 5A of wheat, may be critical components that link leaf chloroplast redox regulation to enhanced photosynthetic performance, the accumulation of growth-active gibberellins and the dwarf phenotype during cold acclimation prior to the vegetative to reproductive transition controlled by vernalization in winter cereals. Further genetic, molecular and biochemical research to confirm these links and to elucidate the molecular mechanism by which chloroplast redox modulation of CBF expression leads to enhanced photosynthetic performance is required. Because of the superior abiotic stress tolerance of cold tolerant winter wheat and seed yields that historically exceed those of spring wheat by 30-40%, we discuss the potential to exploit winter cereals for the maintenance or perhaps even the enhancement of cereal productivity under future climate change scenarios that will be required to feed a growing human population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Norman P A Hüner
- Department of Biology and The Biotron Centre for Experimental Climate Change Research, University of Western Ontario, London N6A 5B7, Canada.
| | - Keshav Dahal
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Rainer Bode
- Institute of Biology, Freie Universitat, Königin-Luise-Straße 12-16, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Leonid V Kurepin
- Department of Biology and The Biotron Centre for Experimental Climate Change Research, University of Western Ontario, London N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Alexander G Ivanov
- Department of Biology and The Biotron Centre for Experimental Climate Change Research, University of Western Ontario, London N6A 5B7, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wilkins KA, Matthus E, Swarbreck SM, Davies JM. Calcium-Mediated Abiotic Stress Signaling in Roots. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1296. [PMID: 27621742 PMCID: PMC5002411 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Roots are subjected to a range of abiotic stresses as they forage for water and nutrients. Cytosolic free calcium is a common second messenger in the signaling of abiotic stress. In addition, roots take up calcium both as a nutrient and to stimulate exocytosis in growth. For calcium to fulfill its multiple roles must require strict spatio-temporal regulation of its uptake and efflux across the plasma membrane, its buffering in the cytosol and its sequestration or release from internal stores. This prompts the question of how specificity of signaling output can be achieved against the background of calcium's other uses. Threats to agriculture such as salinity, water availability and hypoxia are signaled through calcium. Nutrient deficiency is also emerging as a stress that is signaled through cytosolic free calcium, with progress in potassium, nitrate and boron deficiency signaling now being made. Heavy metals have the capacity to trigger or modulate root calcium signaling depending on their dose and their capacity to catalyze production of hydroxyl radicals. Mechanical stress and cold stress can both trigger an increase in root cytosolic free calcium, with the possibility of membrane deformation playing a part in initiating the calcium signal. This review addresses progress in identifying the calcium transporting proteins (particularly channels such as annexins and cyclic nucleotide-gated channels) that effect stress-induced calcium increases in roots and explores links to reactive oxygen species, lipid signaling, and the unfolded protein response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Julia M. Davies
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of CambridgeCambridge, UK
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Walter J, Lynch F, Battchikova N, Aro EM, Gollan PJ. Calcium impacts carbon and nitrogen balance in the filamentous cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. PCC 7120. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:3997-4008. [PMID: 27012282 PMCID: PMC4915528 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Calcium is integral to the perception, communication and adjustment of cellular responses to environmental changes. However, the role of Ca(2+) in fine-tuning cellular responses of wild-type cyanobacteria under favourable growth conditions has not been examined. In this study, extracellular Ca(2+) has been altered, and changes in the whole transcriptome of Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 have been evaluated under conditions replete of carbon and combined nitrogen. Ca(2+) induced differential expression of many genes driving primary cellular metabolism, with transcriptional regulation of carbon- and nitrogen-related processes responding with opposing trends. However, physiological effects of these transcriptional responses on biomass accumulation, biomass composition, and photosynthetic activity over the 24h period following Ca(2+) adjustment were found to be minor. It is well known that intracellular carbon:nitrogen balance is integral to optimal cell growth and that Ca(2+) plays an important role in the response of heterocystous cyanobacteria to combined-nitrogen deprivation. This work adds to the current knowledge by demonstrating a signalling role of Ca(2+) for making sensitive transcriptional adjustments required for optimal growth under non-limiting conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Walter
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Plant Biology, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Fiona Lynch
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Plant Biology, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Natalia Battchikova
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Plant Biology, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Eva-Mari Aro
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Plant Biology, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Peter J Gollan
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Plant Biology, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
|
23
|
Lorenzo CD, Sanchez-Lamas M, Antonietti MS, Cerdán PD. Emerging Hubs in Plant Light and Temperature Signaling. Photochem Photobiol 2015; 92:3-13. [DOI: 10.1111/php.12535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Pablo D. Cerdán
- Fundación Instituto Leloir; IIBBA-CONICET; Buenos Aires Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Universidad de Buenos Aires; Buenos Aires Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Łabuz J, Hermanowicz P, Gabryś H. The impact of temperature on blue light induced chloroplast movements in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 239:238-49. [PMID: 26398808 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Revised: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/18/2015] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Chloroplast movements in Arabidopsis thaliana are controlled by two blue light photoreceptors, phototropin1 and phototropin2. Under weak blue light chloroplasts gather at cell walls perpendicular to the direction of incident light. This response, called chloroplast accumulation, is redundantly regulated by both phototropins. Under strong blue light chloroplasts move to cell walls parallel to the direction of incident light, this avoidance response being solely dependent on phototropin2. Temperature is an important factor in modulating chloroplast relocations. Here we focus on temperature effects in Arabidopsis leaves. At room temperature, under medium blue light chloroplasts start to move to cell walls parallel to the light direction and undergo a partial avoidance response. In the same conditions, at low temperatures the avoidance response is strongly enhanced-chloroplasts behave as if they were responding to strong light. Higher sensitivity of avoidance response is correlated with changes in gene expression. After cold treatment, in darkness, the expression of phototropin1 is down-regulated, while phototropin2 levels are up-regulated. The motile system of chloroplasts in Arabidopsis is more sensitive to blue light at low temperatures, similar to other species studied before. The physiological role of the cold-enhancement of the avoidance response is explained in the context of phototropin levels, photochemical activities and signaling in the cell.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Łabuz
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Paweł Hermanowicz
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Halina Gabryś
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Pandey GK, Kanwar P, Singh A, Steinhorst L, Pandey A, Yadav AK, Tokas I, Sanyal SK, Kim BG, Lee SC, Cheong YH, Kudla J, Luan S. Calcineurin B-Like Protein-Interacting Protein Kinase CIPK21 Regulates Osmotic and Salt Stress Responses in Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 169:780-92. [PMID: 26198257 PMCID: PMC4577403 DOI: 10.1104/pp.15.00623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/18/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The role of calcium-mediated signaling has been extensively studied in plant responses to abiotic stress signals. Calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs) and CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) constitute a complex signaling network acting in diverse plant stress responses. Osmotic stress imposed by soil salinity and drought is a major abiotic stress that impedes plant growth and development and involves calcium-signaling processes. In this study, we report the functional analysis of CIPK21, an Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) CBL-interacting protein kinase, ubiquitously expressed in plant tissues and up-regulated under multiple abiotic stress conditions. The growth of a loss-of-function mutant of CIPK21, cipk21, was hypersensitive to high salt and osmotic stress conditions. The calcium sensors CBL2 and CBL3 were found to physically interact with CIPK21 and target this kinase to the tonoplast. Moreover, preferential localization of CIPK21 to the tonoplast was detected under salt stress condition when coexpressed with CBL2 or CBL3. These findings suggest that CIPK21 mediates responses to salt stress condition in Arabidopsis, at least in part, by regulating ion and water homeostasis across the vacuolar membranes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Girdhar K Pandey
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India (G.K.P., P.K., A.S., A.P., A.K.Y., I.T., S.K.S.);Molekulargenetik und Zellbiologie der Pflanzen Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Universität Münster, 48149 Muenster, Germany (L.S., J.K.);Department of Molecular Breeding, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Jeonju 560-500, Korea (B.-G.K.);Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 (B.-G.K., S.-C.L., Y.-H.C., S.L.);Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, HeukSeok-Dong, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 156-756, Korea (S.-C.L.); andDepartment of Bio-Environmental Science, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Jeonnam 540-742, Korea (Y.-H.C.)
| | - Poonam Kanwar
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India (G.K.P., P.K., A.S., A.P., A.K.Y., I.T., S.K.S.);Molekulargenetik und Zellbiologie der Pflanzen Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Universität Münster, 48149 Muenster, Germany (L.S., J.K.);Department of Molecular Breeding, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Jeonju 560-500, Korea (B.-G.K.);Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 (B.-G.K., S.-C.L., Y.-H.C., S.L.);Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, HeukSeok-Dong, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 156-756, Korea (S.-C.L.); andDepartment of Bio-Environmental Science, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Jeonnam 540-742, Korea (Y.-H.C.)
| | - Amarjeet Singh
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India (G.K.P., P.K., A.S., A.P., A.K.Y., I.T., S.K.S.);Molekulargenetik und Zellbiologie der Pflanzen Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Universität Münster, 48149 Muenster, Germany (L.S., J.K.);Department of Molecular Breeding, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Jeonju 560-500, Korea (B.-G.K.);Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 (B.-G.K., S.-C.L., Y.-H.C., S.L.);Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, HeukSeok-Dong, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 156-756, Korea (S.-C.L.); andDepartment of Bio-Environmental Science, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Jeonnam 540-742, Korea (Y.-H.C.)
| | - Leonie Steinhorst
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India (G.K.P., P.K., A.S., A.P., A.K.Y., I.T., S.K.S.);Molekulargenetik und Zellbiologie der Pflanzen Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Universität Münster, 48149 Muenster, Germany (L.S., J.K.);Department of Molecular Breeding, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Jeonju 560-500, Korea (B.-G.K.);Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 (B.-G.K., S.-C.L., Y.-H.C., S.L.);Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, HeukSeok-Dong, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 156-756, Korea (S.-C.L.); andDepartment of Bio-Environmental Science, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Jeonnam 540-742, Korea (Y.-H.C.)
| | - Amita Pandey
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India (G.K.P., P.K., A.S., A.P., A.K.Y., I.T., S.K.S.);Molekulargenetik und Zellbiologie der Pflanzen Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Universität Münster, 48149 Muenster, Germany (L.S., J.K.);Department of Molecular Breeding, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Jeonju 560-500, Korea (B.-G.K.);Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 (B.-G.K., S.-C.L., Y.-H.C., S.L.);Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, HeukSeok-Dong, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 156-756, Korea (S.-C.L.); andDepartment of Bio-Environmental Science, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Jeonnam 540-742, Korea (Y.-H.C.)
| | - Akhlilesh K Yadav
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India (G.K.P., P.K., A.S., A.P., A.K.Y., I.T., S.K.S.);Molekulargenetik und Zellbiologie der Pflanzen Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Universität Münster, 48149 Muenster, Germany (L.S., J.K.);Department of Molecular Breeding, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Jeonju 560-500, Korea (B.-G.K.);Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 (B.-G.K., S.-C.L., Y.-H.C., S.L.);Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, HeukSeok-Dong, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 156-756, Korea (S.-C.L.); andDepartment of Bio-Environmental Science, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Jeonnam 540-742, Korea (Y.-H.C.)
| | - Indu Tokas
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India (G.K.P., P.K., A.S., A.P., A.K.Y., I.T., S.K.S.);Molekulargenetik und Zellbiologie der Pflanzen Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Universität Münster, 48149 Muenster, Germany (L.S., J.K.);Department of Molecular Breeding, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Jeonju 560-500, Korea (B.-G.K.);Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 (B.-G.K., S.-C.L., Y.-H.C., S.L.);Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, HeukSeok-Dong, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 156-756, Korea (S.-C.L.); andDepartment of Bio-Environmental Science, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Jeonnam 540-742, Korea (Y.-H.C.)
| | - Sibaji K Sanyal
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India (G.K.P., P.K., A.S., A.P., A.K.Y., I.T., S.K.S.);Molekulargenetik und Zellbiologie der Pflanzen Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Universität Münster, 48149 Muenster, Germany (L.S., J.K.);Department of Molecular Breeding, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Jeonju 560-500, Korea (B.-G.K.);Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 (B.-G.K., S.-C.L., Y.-H.C., S.L.);Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, HeukSeok-Dong, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 156-756, Korea (S.-C.L.); andDepartment of Bio-Environmental Science, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Jeonnam 540-742, Korea (Y.-H.C.)
| | - Beom-Gi Kim
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India (G.K.P., P.K., A.S., A.P., A.K.Y., I.T., S.K.S.);Molekulargenetik und Zellbiologie der Pflanzen Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Universität Münster, 48149 Muenster, Germany (L.S., J.K.);Department of Molecular Breeding, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Jeonju 560-500, Korea (B.-G.K.);Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 (B.-G.K., S.-C.L., Y.-H.C., S.L.);Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, HeukSeok-Dong, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 156-756, Korea (S.-C.L.); andDepartment of Bio-Environmental Science, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Jeonnam 540-742, Korea (Y.-H.C.)
| | - Sung-Chul Lee
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India (G.K.P., P.K., A.S., A.P., A.K.Y., I.T., S.K.S.);Molekulargenetik und Zellbiologie der Pflanzen Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Universität Münster, 48149 Muenster, Germany (L.S., J.K.);Department of Molecular Breeding, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Jeonju 560-500, Korea (B.-G.K.);Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 (B.-G.K., S.-C.L., Y.-H.C., S.L.);Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, HeukSeok-Dong, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 156-756, Korea (S.-C.L.); andDepartment of Bio-Environmental Science, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Jeonnam 540-742, Korea (Y.-H.C.)
| | - Yong-Hwa Cheong
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India (G.K.P., P.K., A.S., A.P., A.K.Y., I.T., S.K.S.);Molekulargenetik und Zellbiologie der Pflanzen Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Universität Münster, 48149 Muenster, Germany (L.S., J.K.);Department of Molecular Breeding, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Jeonju 560-500, Korea (B.-G.K.);Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 (B.-G.K., S.-C.L., Y.-H.C., S.L.);Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, HeukSeok-Dong, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 156-756, Korea (S.-C.L.); andDepartment of Bio-Environmental Science, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Jeonnam 540-742, Korea (Y.-H.C.)
| | - Jörg Kudla
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India (G.K.P., P.K., A.S., A.P., A.K.Y., I.T., S.K.S.);Molekulargenetik und Zellbiologie der Pflanzen Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Universität Münster, 48149 Muenster, Germany (L.S., J.K.);Department of Molecular Breeding, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Jeonju 560-500, Korea (B.-G.K.);Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 (B.-G.K., S.-C.L., Y.-H.C., S.L.);Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, HeukSeok-Dong, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 156-756, Korea (S.-C.L.); andDepartment of Bio-Environmental Science, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Jeonnam 540-742, Korea (Y.-H.C.)
| | - Sheng Luan
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India (G.K.P., P.K., A.S., A.P., A.K.Y., I.T., S.K.S.);Molekulargenetik und Zellbiologie der Pflanzen Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Universität Münster, 48149 Muenster, Germany (L.S., J.K.);Department of Molecular Breeding, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Jeonju 560-500, Korea (B.-G.K.);Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 (B.-G.K., S.-C.L., Y.-H.C., S.L.);Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, HeukSeok-Dong, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 156-756, Korea (S.-C.L.); andDepartment of Bio-Environmental Science, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Jeonnam 540-742, Korea (Y.-H.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Pan T, Li Y, Ma C, Qiu D. Calcium affecting protein expression in longan under simulated acid rain stress. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:12215-12223. [PMID: 25893616 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4389-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Longan (Dimocarpus longana Lour. cv. Wulongling) of uniform one-aged seedlings grown in pots were selected to study specific proteins expressed in leaves under simulated acid rain (SiAR) stress and exogenous Ca(2+) regulation. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) results showed that there was a protein band specifically expressed under SiAR of pH 2.5 stress for 15 days with its molecular weight of about 23 kD. A 17 kD protein band specifically expressed after SiAR stress 5 days. Compared with pH 2.5, the pH 3.5 of SiAR made a less influence to protein expression. Two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) results showed that six new specific proteins including C4 (20.2 kD pI 6.0), F (24 kD pI 6.35), B3 (22.3 kD pI 6.35), B4 (23.5 kD pI 6.5), C5 (21.8 kD pI 5.6), and C6 (20.2 kD pI 5.6) specifically expressed. C4 always expressed during SiAR stress. F expressed under the stress of pH 2.5 for 15 days and expressed in all pH SiAR stress for 20 days. The expression of proteins including B3, C5, and C6 was related to pH value and stress intensity of SiAR. The expression of B4 resulted from synergistic effects of SiAR and Ca. The expression of G1 (Mr 19.3 kD, pI 4.5), G2 (Mr 17.8 kD, pI 4.65), G3 (Mr 16.6 kD, pI 4.6), and G4 (Mr 14.7 kD, pI 4.4) enhanced under the treatment of 5 mM ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid (EGTA) and 2 mM chlorpromazine (CPZ). These proteins showed antagonistic effects and might be relative to the Ca-calmodulin (Ca-CaM) system of longan in response to SiAR stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Pan
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Weckwerth P, Ehlert B, Romeis T. ZmCPK1, a calcium-independent kinase member of the Zea mays CDPK gene family, functions as a negative regulator in cold stress signalling. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2015; 38:544-58. [PMID: 25052912 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2013] [Revised: 07/06/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) have been shown to play important roles in plant environmental stress signal transduction. We report on the identification of ZmCPK1 as a member of the maize (Zea mays) CDPK gene family involved in the regulation of the maize cold stress response. Based upon in silico analysis of the Z. mays cv. B73 genome, we identified that the maize CDPK gene family consists of 39 members. Two CDPK members were selected whose gene expression was either increased (Zmcpk1) or decreased (Zmcpk25) in response to cold exposure. Biochemical analysis demonstrated that ZmCPK1 displays calcium-independent protein kinase activity. The C-terminal calcium-binding domain of ZmCPK1 was sufficient to mediate calcium independency of a previously calcium-dependent enzyme in chimeric ZmCPK25-CPK1 proteins. Furthermore, co-transfection of maize mesophyll protoplasts with active full-length ZmCPK1 suppressed the expression of a cold-induced marker gene, Zmerf3 (ZmCOI6.21). In accordance, heterologous overexpression of ZmCPK1 in Arabidopsis thaliana yielded plants with altered acclimation-induced frost tolerance. Our results identify ZmCPK1 as a negative regulator of cold stress signalling in maize.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Weckwerth
- Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ranf S, Eschen-Lippold L, Fröhlich K, Westphal L, Scheel D, Lee J. Microbe-associated molecular pattern-induced calcium signaling requires the receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases, PBL1 and BIK1. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2014; 14:374. [PMID: 25522736 PMCID: PMC4279983 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-014-0374-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant perception of conserved microbe-derived or damage-derived molecules (so-called microbe- or damage-associated molecular patterns, MAMPs or DAMPs, respectively) triggers cellular signaling cascades to initiate counteracting defence responses. Using MAMP-induced rise in cellular calcium levels as one of the earliest biochemical readouts, we initiated a genetic screen for components involved in early MAMP signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana. RESULTS We characterized here the "changed calcium elevation 5" (cce5) mutant, where five allelic cce5 mutants were isolated. They all show reduced calcium levels after elicitation with peptides representing bacteria-derived MAMPs (flg22 and elf18) and endogenous DAMP (AtPep1), but a normal response to chitin octamers. Mapping, sequencing of the mutated locus and complementation studies revealed CCE5 to encode the receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase (RLCK), avrPphB sensitive 1-like 1 (PBL1). Kinase activities of PBL1 derived from three of the cce5 alleles are abrogated in vivo. Validation with T-DNA mutants revealed that, besides PBL1, another RLCK, Botrytis-induced kinase 1 (BIK1), is also required for MAMP/DAMP-induced calcium elevations. CONCLUSIONS Hence, PBL1 and BIK1 (but not two related RLCKs, PBS1 and PBL2) are required for MAMP/DAMP-induced calcium signaling. It remains to be investigated if the many other RLCKs encoded in the Arabidopsis genome affect early calcium signal transduction - perhaps in dependence on the type of MAMP/DAMP ligands. A future challenge would be to identify the substrates of these various RLCKs, in order to elucidate their signaling role between the receptor complexes at the plasma membrane and downstream cellular signaling components.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Ranf
- Stress and Developmental Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, Halle/Saale, D-06120, Germany.
- Phytopathology, Center of Life and Food Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, Emil-Ramann-Str. 2, Freising, Weihenstephan, D-85350, Germany.
| | - Lennart Eschen-Lippold
- Stress and Developmental Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, Halle/Saale, D-06120, Germany.
| | - Katja Fröhlich
- Stress and Developmental Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, Halle/Saale, D-06120, Germany.
| | - Lore Westphal
- Stress and Developmental Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, Halle/Saale, D-06120, Germany.
| | - Dierk Scheel
- Stress and Developmental Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, Halle/Saale, D-06120, Germany.
| | - Justin Lee
- Stress and Developmental Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, Halle/Saale, D-06120, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Hüner NPA, Dahal K, Kurepin LV, Savitch L, Singh J, Ivanov AG, Kane K, Sarhan F. Potential for increased photosynthetic performance and crop productivity in response to climate change: role of CBFs and gibberellic acid. Front Chem 2014; 2:18. [PMID: 24860799 PMCID: PMC4029004 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2014.00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We propose that targeting the enhanced photosynthetic performance associated with the cold acclimation of winter cultivars of rye (Secale cereale L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), and Brassica napus L. may provide a novel approach to improve crop productivity under abiotic as well as biotic stress conditions. In support of this hypothesis, we provide the physiological, biochemical, and molecular evidence that the dwarf phenotype induced by cold acclimation is coupled to significant enhancement in photosynthetic performance, resistance to photoinhibition, and a decreased dependence on photoprotection through non-photochemical quenching which result in enhanced biomass production and ultimately increased seed yield. These system-wide changes at the levels of phenotype, physiology, and biochemistry appear to be governed by the family of C-repeat/dehydration-responsive family of transcription factors (CBF/DREB1). We relate this phenomenon to the semi-dwarf, gibberellic acid insensitive (GAI), cereal varieties developed during the "green revolution" of the early 1960s and 1970s. We suggest that genetic manipulation of the family of C-repeat/dehydration-responsive element binding transcription factors (CBF/DREB1) may provide a novel approach for the maintenance and perhaps even the enhancement of plant productivity under conditions of sub-optimal growth conditions predicted for our future climate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Norman P. A. Hüner
- Biology Department and the Biotron Centre for Experimental Climate Change Research, University of Western OntarioLondon, ON, Canada
| | - Keshav Dahal
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto at ScarboroughScarborough, ON, Canada
| | - Leonid V. Kurepin
- Biology Department and the Biotron Centre for Experimental Climate Change Research, University of Western OntarioLondon, ON, Canada
| | - Leonid Savitch
- Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food CanadaOttawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jas Singh
- Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food CanadaOttawa, ON, Canada
| | - Alexander G. Ivanov
- Biology Department and the Biotron Centre for Experimental Climate Change Research, University of Western OntarioLondon, ON, Canada
| | - Khalil Kane
- Départment des Sciences biologiques, Université du Québec à MontréalMontréal, QC, Canada
| | - Fathey Sarhan
- Départment des Sciences biologiques, Université du Québec à MontréalMontréal, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Meng G, Pan L, Li C, Hu F, Shi X, Lee I, Drevenšek-Olenik I, Zhang X, Xu J. Temperature-induced labelling of Fluo-3 AM selectively yields brighter nucleus in adherent cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 443:888-93. [PMID: 24380862 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.12.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Fluo-3 is widely used to study cell calcium. Two traditional approaches: (1) direct injection and (2) Fluo-3 acetoxymethyl ester (AM) loading, often bring conflicting results in cytoplasmic calcium ([Ca(2+)]c) and nuclear calcium ([Ca(2+)]n) imaging. AM loading usually yields a darker nucleus than in cytoplasm, while direct injection always induces a brighter nucleus which is more responsive to [Ca(2+)]n detection. In this work, we detailedly investigated the effects of loading and de-esterification temperatures on the fluorescence intensity of Fluo-3 in response to [Ca(2+)]n and [Ca(2+)]c in adherent cells, including osteoblast, HeLa and BV2 cells. Interestingly, it showed that fluorescence intensity of nucleus in osteoblast cells was about two times larger than that of cytoplasm when cells were loaded with Fluo-3 AM at 4 °C and allowed a subsequent step for de-esterification at 20 °C. Brighter nuclei were also acquired in HeLa and BV2 cells using the same experimental condition. Furthermore, loading time and adhesion quality of cells had effect on fluorescence intensity. Taken together, cold loading and room temperature de-esterification treatment of Fluo-3 AM selectively yielded brighter nucleus in adherent cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guixian Meng
- The Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and TEDA Applied Physics Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Leiting Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and TEDA Applied Physics Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Cunbo Li
- The Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and TEDA Applied Physics Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fen Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and TEDA Applied Physics Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuechen Shi
- The Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and TEDA Applied Physics Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Imshik Lee
- The Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and TEDA Applied Physics Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Irena Drevenšek-Olenik
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, and J. Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Xinzheng Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and TEDA Applied Physics Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingjun Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and TEDA Applied Physics Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Toyota M, Furuichi T, Sokabe M, Tatsumi H. Analyses of a gravistimulation-specific Ca2+ signature in Arabidopsis using parabolic flights. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2013; 163:543-54. [PMID: 23835410 PMCID: PMC3793036 DOI: 10.1104/pp.113.223313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Gravity is a critical environmental factor affecting the morphology and functions of organisms on the Earth. Plants sense changes in the gravity vector (gravistimulation) and regulate their growth direction accordingly. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) seedlings, gravistimulation, achieved by rotating the specimens under the ambient 1g of the Earth, is known to induce a biphasic (transient and sustained) increase in cytoplasmic calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)]c). However, the [Ca(2+)]c increase genuinely caused by gravistimulation has not been identified because gravistimulation is generally accompanied by rotation of specimens on the ground (1g), adding an additional mechanical signal to the treatment. Here, we demonstrate a gravistimulation-specific Ca(2+) response in Arabidopsis seedlings by separating rotation from gravistimulation by using the microgravity (less than 10(-4)g) conditions provided by parabolic flights. Gravistimulation without rotating the specimen caused a sustained [Ca(2+)]c increase, which corresponds closely to the second sustained [Ca(2+)]c increase observed in ground experiments. The [Ca(2+)]c increases were analyzed under a variety of gravity intensities (e.g. 0.5g, 1.5g, or 2g) combined with rapid switching between hypergravity and microgravity, demonstrating that Arabidopsis seedlings possess a very rapid gravity-sensing mechanism linearly transducing a wide range of gravitational changes (0.5g-2g) into Ca(2+) signals on a subsecond time scale.
Collapse
|
32
|
Roychoudhury A, Paul S, Basu S. Cross-talk between abscisic acid-dependent and abscisic acid-independent pathways during abiotic stress. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2013; 32:985-1006. [PMID: 23508256 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-013-1414-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2012] [Revised: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Salinity, drought and low temperature are the common forms of abiotic stress encountered by land plants. To cope with these adverse environmental factors, plants execute several physiological and metabolic responses. Both osmotic stress (elicited by water deficit or high salt) and cold stress increase the endogenous level of the phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA). ABA-dependent stomatal closure to reduce water loss is associated with small signaling molecules like nitric oxide, reactive oxygen species and cytosolic free calcium, and mediated by rapidly altering ion fluxes in guard cells. ABA also triggers the expression of osmotic stress-responsive (OR) genes, which usually contain single/multiple copies of cis-acting sequence called abscisic acid-responsive element (ABRE) in their upstream regions, mostly recognized by the basic leucine zipper-transcription factors (TFs), namely, ABA-responsive element-binding protein/ABA-binding factor. Another conserved sequence called the dehydration-responsive element (DRE)/C-repeat, responding to cold or osmotic stress, but not to ABA, occurs in some OR promoters, to which the DRE-binding protein/C-repeat-binding factor binds. In contrast, there are genes or TFs containing both DRE/CRT and ABRE, which can integrate input stimuli from salinity, drought, cold and ABA signaling pathways, thereby enabling cross-tolerance to multiple stresses. A strong candidate that mediates such cross-talk is calcium, which serves as a common second messenger for abiotic stress conditions and ABA. The present review highlights the involvement of both ABA-dependent and ABA-independent signaling components and their interaction or convergence in activating the stress genes. We restrict our discussion to salinity, drought and cold stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aryadeep Roychoudhury
- Post Graduate Department of Biotechnology, St. Xavier's College Autonomous, 30, Mother Teresa Sarani, Kolkata 700016, West Bengal, India.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Whalley HJ, Knight MR. Calcium signatures are decoded by plants to give specific gene responses. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2013; 197:690-693. [PMID: 23190495 DOI: 10.1111/nph.12087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Helen J Whalley
- Cell Signalling Group, Paterson Institute for Cancer Research, The University of Manchester, Wilmslow Road, Manchester, M20 4BX, UK
| | - Marc R Knight
- Durham Centre for Crop Improvement Technology, School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Arisz SA, van Wijk R, Roels W, Zhu JK, Haring MA, Munnik T. Rapid phosphatidic acid accumulation in response to low temperature stress in Arabidopsis is generated through diacylglycerol kinase. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2013; 4:1. [PMID: 23346092 PMCID: PMC3551192 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2013.00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2011] [Accepted: 01/01/2013] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatidic acid (PtdOH) is emerging as an important signaling lipid in abiotic stress responses in plants. The effect of cold stress was monitored using (32)P-labeled seedlings and leaf discs of Arabidopsis thaliana. Low, non-freezing temperatures were found to trigger a very rapid (32)P-PtdOH increase, peaking within 2 and 5 min, respectively. In principle, PtdOH can be generated through three different pathways, i.e., (1) via de novo phospholipid biosynthesis (through acylation of lyso-PtdOH), (2) via phospholipase D hydrolysis of structural phospholipids, or (3) via phosphorylation of diacylglycerol (DAG) by DAG kinase (DGK). Using a differential (32)P-labeling protocol and a PLD-transphosphatidylation assay, evidence is provided that the rapid (32)P-PtdOH response was primarily generated through DGK. A simultaneous decrease in the levels of (32)P-PtdInsP, correlating in time, temperature dependency, and magnitude with the increase in (32)P-PtdOH, suggested that a PtdInsP-hydrolyzing PLC generated the DAG in this reaction. Testing T-DNA insertion lines available for the seven DGK genes, revealed no clear changes in (32)P-PtdOH responses, suggesting functional redundancy. Similarly, known cold-stress mutants were analyzed to investigate whether the PtdOH response acted downstream of the respective gene products. The hos1, los1, and fry1 mutants were found to exhibit normal PtdOH responses. Slight changes were found for ice1, snow1, and the overexpression line Super-ICE1, however, this was not cold-specific and likely due to pleiotropic effects. A tentative model illustrating direct cold effects on phospholipid metabolism is presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steven A. Arisz
- Department of Plant Physiology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of AmsterdamAmsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ringo van Wijk
- Department of Plant Physiology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of AmsterdamAmsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Wendy Roels
- Department of Plant Physiology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of AmsterdamAmsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jian-Kang Zhu
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue UniversityWest Lafayette, IN, USA
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai, China
| | - Michel A. Haring
- Department of Plant Physiology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of AmsterdamAmsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Teun Munnik
- Department of Plant Physiology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of AmsterdamAmsterdam, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Teun Munnik, Department of Plant Physiology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands. e-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Knight MR, Knight H. Low-temperature perception leading to gene expression and cold tolerance in higher plants. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2012; 195:737-751. [PMID: 22816520 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2012.04239.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Plant species exhibit a range of tolerances to low temperatures, and these constitute a major determinant of their geographical distribution and use as crops. When tolerance is insufficient, either chilling or freezing injuries result. A variety of mechanisms are employed to evade the ravages of extreme or sub-optimal temperatures. Many of these involve cold-responsive gene expression and require that the drop in temperature is first sensed by the plant. Despite intensive research over the last 100 yr or longer, we still cannot easily answer the question of how plants sense low temperature. Over recent years, genomic and post-genomic approaches have produced a wealth of information relating to the sequence of events leading from cold perception to appropriate and useful responses. However, there are also crucial and significant gaps in the pathways constructed from these data. We describe the literature pertaining to the current understanding of cold perception, signalling and regulation of low-temperature-responsive gene expression in higher plants, raising some of the key questions that still intrigue plant biologists today and that could be targets for future work. Our review focuses on the control of gene expression in the pathways leading from cold perception to chilling and freezing tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marc R Knight
- Durham Centre for Crop Improvement Technology, School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Heather Knight
- Durham Centre for Crop Improvement Technology, School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Liu J, Knight H, Hurst CH, Knight MR. Modelling and experimental analysis of the role of interacting cytosolic and vacuolar pools in shaping low temperature calcium signatures in plant cells. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2012; 8:2205-20. [PMID: 22722805 DOI: 10.1039/c2mb25072a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A major challenge to understanding low temperature calcium signatures in plants is defining how these signatures emerge from the interactions of different molecular components that are stored in different subcellular pools of a plant cell. Here we develop an integrative model that incorporates the interactions of Ca²⁺, H⁺, K⁺, Cl⁻ and ATP in both cytosolic and vacuolar pools. Our analysis reveals how these four major ions along with ATP forms a complex network to relate the emergence of calcium signatures to other responses (e.g. pH response). Modelling results are in agreement with experimental observations for both cytosolic free calcium concentration ([Ca²⁺](c)) and pH. The model is further validated by experimentally measuring the response of [Ca²⁺](c) to six fluctuating (rather than constant) temperature profiles. We found that modelling results are in reasonable agreement with experimental observations, in particular, if the rate of reducing temperature is relatively high. In addition, we show that both calcium-induced calcium release (CICR) at the vacuolar membrane and transport of ions from the cytosolic pool to the vacuolar membrane play important roles in the interaction between cytosolic and vacuolar pools. In combination they control the amount and timing of calcium release from the vacuolar to cytosolic pool, shaping the specific calcium signature. The methodology and principles developed here establish an integrative view on the role of cytosolic and vacuolar pools in shaping calcium signatures in general, and they are universally applicable to study of the interactions of multiple subcellular pools.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junli Liu
- Durham Centre for Crop Improvement Technology, The Integrative Cell Biology Laboratory and The Biophysical Sciences Institute, School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Mehlmer N, Parvin N, Hurst CH, Knight MR, Teige M, Vothknecht UC. A toolset of aequorin expression vectors for in planta studies of subcellular calcium concentrations in Arabidopsis thaliana. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2012; 63:1751-61. [PMID: 22213817 PMCID: PMC3971373 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/err406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Calcium has long been acknowledged as one of the most important signalling components in plants. Many abiotic and biotic stimuli are transduced into a cellular response by temporal and spatial changes in cellular calcium concentration and the calcium-sensitive protein aequorin has been exploited as a genetically encoded calcium indicator for the measurement of calcium in planta. The objective of this work was to generate a compatible set of aequorin expression plasmids for the generation of transgenic plant lines to measure changes in calcium levels in different cellular subcompartments. Aequorin was fused to different targeting peptides or organellar proteins as a means to localize it to the cytosol, the nucleus, the plasma membrane, and the mitochondria. Furthermore, constructs were designed to localize aequorin in the stroma as well as the inner and outer surface of the chloroplast envelope membranes. The modular set-up of the plasmids also allows the easy replacement of targeting sequences to include other compartments. An additional YFP-fusion was included to verify the correct subcellular localization of all constructs by laser scanning confocal microscopy. For each construct, pBin19-based binary expression vectors driven by the 35S or UBI10 promoter were made for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Stable Arabidopsis lines were generated and initial tests of several lines confirmed their feasibility to measure calcium signals in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Mehlmer
- Department of Biology I, Botany, LMU Munich, Großhaderner Str. 2-4, D-82152 Planegg, Germany
| | - Nargis Parvin
- Department of Biology I, Botany, LMU Munich, Großhaderner Str. 2-4, D-82152 Planegg, Germany
| | - Charlotte H. Hurst
- Plant Stress Laboratory, Durham Centre for Crop Improvement Technology, School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Marc R. Knight
- Plant Stress Laboratory, Durham Centre for Crop Improvement Technology, School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Markus Teige
- Department of Biochemistry, MFPL, University of Vienna, Dr. Bohr Gasse 9/5, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ute C. Vothknecht
- Department of Biology I, Botany, LMU Munich, Großhaderner Str. 2-4, D-82152 Planegg, Germany
- Centre for Integrated Protein Science (Munich) at the Department of Biology of the LMU Munich, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Whalley HJ, Sargeant AW, Steele JF, Lacoere T, Lamb R, Saunders NJ, Knight H, Knight MR. Transcriptomic analysis reveals calcium regulation of specific promoter motifs in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT CELL 2011; 23:4079-95. [PMID: 22086087 PMCID: PMC3246331 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.111.090480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2011] [Revised: 10/14/2011] [Accepted: 10/25/2011] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Increases in intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)](c)) mediate plant responses to stress by regulating the expression of genes encoding proteins that confer tolerance. Several plant stress genes have previously been shown to be calcium-regulated, and in one case, a specific promoter motif Abscisic Acid Responsive-Element (ABRE) has been found to be regulated by calcium. A comprehensive survey of the Arabidopsis thaliana transcriptome for calcium-regulated promoter motifs was performed by measuring the expression of genes in Arabidopsis seedlings responding to three calcium elevations of different characteristics, using full genome microarray analysis. This work revealed a total of 269 genes upregulated by [Ca(2+)](c) in Arabidopsis. Bioinformatic analysis strongly indicated that at least four promoter motifs were [Ca(2+)](c)-regulated in planta. We confirmed this finding by expressing in plants chimeric gene constructs controlled exclusively by these cis-elements and by testing the necessity and sufficiency of calcium for their expression. Our data reveal that the C-Repeat/Drought-Responsive Element, Site II, and CAM box (along with the previously identified ABRE) promoter motifs are calcium-regulated. The identification of these promoter elements targeted by the second messenger intracellular calcium has implications for plant signaling in response to a variety of stimuli, including cold, drought, and biotic stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helen J. Whalley
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RB, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander W. Sargeant
- Plant Stress Lab, Durham Centre for Crop Improvement Technology, School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - John F.C. Steele
- Plant Stress Lab, Durham Centre for Crop Improvement Technology, School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Tim Lacoere
- Plant Stress Lab, Durham Centre for Crop Improvement Technology, School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Lamb
- Plant Stress Lab, Durham Centre for Crop Improvement Technology, School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Nigel J. Saunders
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, United Kingdom
| | - Heather Knight
- Plant Stress Lab, Durham Centre for Crop Improvement Technology, School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Marc R. Knight
- Plant Stress Lab, Durham Centre for Crop Improvement Technology, School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
- Address correspondence to
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Analysis of calcium signaling pathways in plants. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2011; 1820:1283-93. [PMID: 22061997 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2011.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2011] [Revised: 10/19/2011] [Accepted: 10/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calcium serves as a versatile messenger in many adaptation and developmental processes in plants. Ca2+ signals are represented by stimulus-specific spatially and temporally defined Ca2+ signatures. These Ca2+ signatures are detected, decoded and transmitted to downstream responses by a complex toolkit of Ca2+ binding proteins that function as Ca2+ sensors. SCOPE OF REVIEW This review will reflect on advancements in monitoring Ca2+ dynamics in plants. Moreover, it will provide insights in the extensive and complex toolkit of plant Ca2+ sensor proteins that relay the information presented in the Ca2+ signatures into phosphorylation events, changes in protein-protein interaction or regulation of gene expression. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Plants' response to signals is encoded by different Ca2+ signatures. The plant decoding Ca2+ toolkit encompasses different families of Ca2+ sensors like Calmodulins (CaM), Calmodulin-like proteins (CMLs), Ca2+-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs), Calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs) and their interacting kinases (CIPKs). These Ca2+ sensors are encoded by complex gene families and form intricate signaling networks in plants that enable specific, robust and flexible information processing. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE This review provides new insights about the biochemical regulation, physiological functions and of newly identified target proteins of the major plant Ca2+ sensor families. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Biochemical, biophysical and genetic approaches to intracellular calcium signaling.
Collapse
|
40
|
Signal transduction during cold, salt, and drought stresses in plants. Mol Biol Rep 2011; 39:969-87. [PMID: 21573796 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-011-0823-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 415] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2010] [Accepted: 05/03/2011] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stresses, especially cold, salinity and drought, are the primary causes of crop loss worldwide. Plant adaptation to environmental stresses is dependent upon the activation of cascades of molecular networks involved in stress perception, signal transduction, and the expression of specific stress-related genes and metabolites. Plants have stress-specific adaptive responses as well as responses which protect the plants from more than one environmental stress. There are multiple stress perception and signaling pathways, some of which are specific, but others may cross-talk at various steps. In this review article, we first expound the general stress signal transduction pathways, and then highlight various aspects of biotic stresses signal transduction networks. On the genetic analysis, many cold induced pathways are activated to protect plants from deleterious effects of cold stress, but till date, most studied pathway is ICE-CBF-COR signaling pathway. The Salt-Overly-Sensitive (SOS) pathway, identified through isolation and study of the sos1, sos2, and sos3 mutants, is essential for maintaining favorable ion ratios in the cytoplasm and for tolerance of salt stress. Both ABA-dependent and -independent signaling pathways appear to be involved in osmotic stress tolerance. ROS play a dual role in the response of plants to abiotic stresses functioning as toxic by-products of stress metabolism, as well as important signal transduction molecules and the ROS signaling networks can control growth, development, and stress response. Finally, we talk about the common regulatory system and cross-talk among biotic stresses, with particular emphasis on the MAPK cascades and the cross-talk between ABA signaling and biotic signaling.
Collapse
|
41
|
Dayod M, Tyerman SD, Leigh RA, Gilliham M. Calcium storage in plants and the implications for calcium biofortification. PROTOPLASMA 2010; 247:215-31. [PMID: 20658253 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-010-0182-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2010] [Accepted: 07/06/2010] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca) is an essential nutrient for plants and animals, with key structural and signalling roles, and its deficiency in plants can result in poor biotic and abiotic stress tolerance, reduced crop quality and yield. Likewise, low Ca intake in humans has been linked to various diseases (e.g. rickets, osteoporosis, hypertension and colorectal cancer) which can threaten quality of life and have major economic costs. Biofortification of various food crops with Ca has been suggested as a good method to enhance human intake of Ca and is advocated as an economically and environmentally advantageous strategy. Efforts to enhance Ca content of crops via transgenic means have had promising results. Overall Ca content of transgenic plants has been increased but in some cases adverse affects on plant function have been observed. This suggests that a better understanding of how Ca ions (Ca(2+)) are stored and transported through plants is required to maximise the effectiveness of future approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maclin Dayod
- Waite Research Institute, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, PMB1, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Roelfsema MRG, Hedrich R. Making sense out of Ca(2+) signals: their role in regulating stomatal movements. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2010; 33:305-321. [PMID: 19906147 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2009.02075.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Plant cells maintain high Ca(2+) concentration gradients between the cytosol and the extracellular matrix, as well as intracellular compartments. During evolution, the regulatory mechanisms, maintaining low cytosolic free Ca(2+) concentrations, most likely provided the backbone for the development of Ca(2+)-dependent signalling pathways. In this review, the current understanding of molecular mechanisms involved in Ca(2+) homeostasis of plants cells is evaluated. The question is addressed to which extent the mechanisms, controlling the cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration, are linked to Ca(2+)-based signalling. A large number of environmental stimuli can evoke Ca(2+) signals, but the Ca(2+)-induced responses are likely to differ depending on the stimulus applied. Two mechanisms are put forward to explain signal specificity of Ca(2+)-dependent responses. A signal may evoke a specific Ca(2+) signature that is recognized by downstream signalling components. Alternatively, Ca(2+) signals are accompanied by Ca(2+)-independent signalling events that determine the specificity of the response. The existence of such parallel-acting pathways explains why guard cell responses to abscisic acid (ABA) can occur in the absence, as well as in the presence, of Ca(2+) signals. Future research may shed new light on the relation between parallel acting Ca(2+)-dependent and -independent events, and may provide insights in their evolutionary origin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Rob G Roelfsema
- Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences, Biocenter, Würzburg University, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, D-97082 Würzburg, Germany.
| | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Webb SE, Rogers KL, Karplus E, Miller AL. The use of aequorins to record and visualize Ca(2+) dynamics: from subcellular microdomains to whole organisms. Methods Cell Biol 2010; 99:263-300. [PMID: 21035690 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-374841-6.00010-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
In this chapter, we describe the practical aspects of measuring [Ca(2+)] transients that are generated in a particular cytoplasmic domain, or within a specific organelle or its periorganellar environment, using bioluminescent, genetically encoded and targeted Ca(2+) reporters, especially those based on apoaequorin. We also list examples of the organisms, tissues, and cells that have been transfected with apoaequorin or an apoaequorin-BRET complex, as well as of the organelles and subcellular domains that have been specifically targeted with these bioluminescent Ca(2+) reporters. In addition, we summarize the various techniques used to load the apoaequorin cofactor, coelenterazine, and its analogs into cells, tissues, and intact organisms, and we describe recent advances in the detection and imaging technologies that are currently being used to measure and visualize the luminescence generated by the aequorin-Ca(2+) reaction within these various cytoplasmic domains and subcellular compartments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Webb
- Biochemistry and Cell Biology Section and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Division of Life Science, HKUST, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, PR China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Nagel-Volkmann J, Plieth C, Becker D, Lüthen H, Dörffling K. Cold-induced cytosolic free calcium ion concentration changes in wheat. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2009; 166:1955-60. [PMID: 19520454 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2009.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2009] [Accepted: 05/08/2009] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Relatively little is known about changes in the cytosolic free calcium ion concentration ([Ca(2+)](c)) in monocotyledonous plants. Therefore, we produced transgenic winter wheat lines stably expressing the calcium-sensitive photoprotein aequorin constitutively in the cytosol. [Ca(2+)](c) was detected in vivo by luminometry, and [Ca(2+)](c) elevations were imaged at video rate. Experiments with the transgenic seedlings focused on potential changes in [Ca(2+)](c) during cold exposure. Temperature-induced changes in [Ca(2+)](c) were found to be more dependent on the change in temperature (dT dt(-1)) than on the absolute value of temperature. [Ca(2+)](c) increased only at cooling rates higher than 8 degrees Cmin(-1), indicating that an overall cellular [Ca(2+)](c) increase is of minor relevance as a signal for cold acclimation in wheat under ecological conditions. The results are discussed with regard to the so-called 'calcium signature hypothesis'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Nagel-Volkmann
- Universität Hamburg, Biozentrum Klein Flottbek, Ohnhorststrasse 18, D-22609 Hamburg, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Barkla BJ, Hirschi KD, Pittman JK. Exchangers man the pumps: Functional interplay between proton pumps and proton-coupled Ca exchangers. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2008; 3:354-6. [PMID: 19841670 PMCID: PMC2634282 DOI: 10.4161/psb.3.5.5600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2008] [Accepted: 01/16/2008] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Tonoplast-localised proton-coupled Ca(2+) transporters encoded by cation/H(+)exchanger (CAX) genes play a critical role in sequestering Ca(2+) into the vacuole. These transporters may function in coordination with Ca(2+) release channels, to shape stimulus-induced cytosolic Ca(2+) elevations. Recent analysis of Arabidopsis CAX knockout mutants, particularly cax1 and cax3, identified a variety of phenotypes including sensitivity to abiotic stresses, which indicated that these transporters might play a role in mediating the plant's stress response. A common feature of these mutants was the perturbation of H(+)-ATPase activity at both the tonoplast and the plasma membrane, suggesting a tight interplay between the Ca(2+)/H(+) exchangers and H(+) pumps. We speculate that indirect regulation of proton flux by the exchangers may be as important as the direct regulation of Ca(2+) flux. These results suggest cautious interpretation of mutant Ca(2+)/H(+) exchanger phenotypes that may be due to either perturbed Ca(2+) or H(+) transport.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bronwyn J Barkla
- Instituto de Biotecnología; Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Solanke AU, Sharma AK. Signal transduction during cold stress in plants. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2008; 14:69-79. [PMID: 23572874 PMCID: PMC3550661 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-008-0006-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Cold stress signal transduction is a complex process. Many physiological changes like tissue break down and senescence occur due to cold stress. Low temperature is initially perceived by plasma membrane either due to change in membrane fluidity or with the help of sensors like Ca(2+) permeable channels, histidine kinases, receptor kinases and phospholipases. Subsequently, cytoskeleton reorganization and cytosolic Ca(2+) influx takes place. Increase in cytosolic Ca(2+) is sensed by CDPKs, phosphatase and MAPKs, which transduce the signals to switch on transcriptional cascades. Photosynthetic apparatus have also been thought to be responsible for low temperature perception and signal transduction. Many cold induced pathways are activated to protect plants from deleterious effects of cold stress, but till date, most studied pathway is ICE-CBF-COR signaling pathway. However, the importance of CBF independent pathways in cold acclimation is supported by few Arabidopsis mutants' studies. Cold stress signaling has certain pathways common with other abiotic and biotic stress signaling which suggest cross-talks among these. Most of the economically important crops are sensitive to low temperature, but very few studies are available on cold susceptible crop plants. Therefore, it is necessary to understand signal transducing components from model plants and utilize that knowledge to improve survival of cold sensitive crop plants at low temperature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amolkumar U. Solanke
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi, South Campus, New Delhi, 110 021 India
| | - Arun K. Sharma
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi, South Campus, New Delhi, 110 021 India
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Usadel B, Bläsing OE, Gibon Y, Poree F, Höhne M, Günter M, Trethewey R, Kamlage B, Poorter H, Stitt M. Multilevel genomic analysis of the response of transcripts, enzyme activities and metabolites in Arabidopsis rosettes to a progressive decrease of temperature in the non-freezing range. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2008; 31:518-47. [PMID: 18088337 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2007.01763.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
This paper characterizes the transcriptional and metabolic response of a chilling-tolerant species to an increasingly large decrease of the temperature. Arabidopsis Col-0 was grown at 20 degrees C and transferred to 17, 14, 12, 10 or 8 degrees C for 6 and 78 h, before harvesting the rosette and profiling >22 000 transcripts, >20 enzyme activities and >80 metabolites. Most parameters showed a qualitatively similar response across the entire temperature range, with the amplitude increasing as the temperature decreased. Transcripts typically showed large changes after 6 h, which were often damped by 78 h. Genes were induced for sucrose, proline, raffinose, tocopherol and polyamine synthesis, phenylpropanoid and flavonoid metabolism, fermentation, non-phosphorylating mitochondrial electron transport, RNA processing, and protein synthesis, targeting and folding. Genes were repressed for carbonic anhydrases, vacuolar invertase, and ethylene and jasmonic acid signalling. While some enzyme activities and metabolites changed rapidly, most changed slowly. After 6 h, there was an accumulation of phosphorylated intermediates, a shift of partitioning towards sucrose, and a perturbation of glycine decarboxylation and nitrogen metabolism. By 78 h, there was an increase of the overall protein content and many enzyme activities, a general increase of carbohydrates, organic and amino acids, and an increase of many stress-responsive metabolites including raffinose, proline, tocopherol and polyamines. When the responses of transcripts and metabolism were compared, there was little agreement after 6 h, but considerable agreement after 78 h. Comparison with the published studies indicated that much, but not all, of the response was orchestrated by the CBF programme. Overall, our results showed that transcription and metabolism responded in a continuous manner across a wide range of temperatures. The general increase of enzyme activities and metabolites emphasized the positive and compensatory nature of this response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Björn Usadel
- Max-Planck-Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Golm, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Tsai YC, Delk NA, Chowdhury NI, Braam J. Arabidopsis potential calcium sensors regulate nitric oxide levels and the transition to flowering. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2007; 2:446-54. [PMID: 19517005 PMCID: PMC2634334 DOI: 10.4161/psb.2.6.4695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2007] [Accepted: 07/05/2007] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In plants, flowering is a critical developmental transition orchestrated by four regulatory pathways. Distinct alleles encoding mutant forms of the Arabidopsis potential calcium sensor CML24 cause alterations in flowering time. CML24 can act as a switch in the response to day length perception; loss-of-function cml24 mutants are late flowering under long days, whereas apparent gain of CML24 function results in early flowering. CML24 function is required for proper CONSTANS (CO) expression; components upstream of CO in the photoperiod pathway are largely unaffected in the cml24 mutants. In conjunction with CML23, a related calmodulin-like protein, CML24 also inhibits FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) expression and therefore impacts the autonomous regulatory pathway of the transition to flowering. Nitric oxide (NO) levels are elevated in cml23/cml24 double mutants and are largely responsible for FLC transcript accumulation. Therefore, CML23 and CML24 are potential calcium sensors that have partially overlapping function that may act to transduce calcium signals to regulate NO accumulation. In turn, NO levels influence the transition to flowering through both the photoperiod and autonomous regulatory pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chang Tsai
- Biochemistry and Cell Biology; Rice University; Houston, Texas USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
D'Angeli S, Altamura MM. Osmotin induces cold protection in olive trees by affecting programmed cell death and cytoskeleton organization. PLANTA 2007; 225:1147-63. [PMID: 17086398 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-006-0426-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2006] [Accepted: 08/03/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Osmotin is a pathogenesis-related protein exhibiting cryoprotective functions. Our aim was to understand whether it is involved in the cold acclimation of the olive tree (Olea europaea L.), a frost-sensitive species lacking dormancy. We exposed olive trees expressing tobacco osmotin gene under the 35S promoter (35S:osm) [in the same manner as wild type (wt) plants] to cold shocks in the presence/absence of cold acclimation, and monitored changes in programmed cell death (PCD), cytoskeleton, and calcium ([Ca2+]c) signalling. In the wt, osmotin was immunolocalized only in cold-acclimated plants, and in the tissues showing PCD. In the 35S:osm clones, the protein was detected also in the non-acclimated plants, and always in the tissues exhibiting PCD. In the non-acclimated wt protoplasts exposed to cold shock, a transient decrease in phallotoxin signal suggests a temporary disassembly of F-actin, a transient increase occurred instead in 35S:osm protoplasts exposed to the same shock. Transient increases in [Ca2+]c were observed only in the wt protoplasts. However, when F-actin was depolymerized by cytochalasin or latrunculin, and microtubules by colchicine, increase in [Ca2+]c also occurred in the 35S:osm protoplasts. Successive cold shocks caused transient rises in [Ca2+]c and transient decreases in the phallotoxin signal in wt protoplasts. No change occurred in [Ca2+]c occurred in the 35S:osm protoplasts. The phallotoxin signal transiently increased at the first shock, but did not change after the subsequent shocks, and an overall signal reduction occurred with shock repetition. Following acclimation, no cold shock-induced change in [Ca2+]c levels and F-actin signal occurred either in wt or 35S:osm protoplasts. The results show that osmotin is positively involved in the acclimation-related PCD, in blocking the cold-induced calcium signalling, and in affecting cytoskeleton in response to cold stimuli.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S D'Angeli
- Dipartimento Biologia Vegetale, Università La Sapienza, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Kammenga JE, Doroszuk A, Riksen JAG, Hazendonk E, Spiridon L, Petrescu AJ, Tijsterman M, Plasterk RHA, Bakker J. A Caenorhabditis elegans wild type defies the temperature-size rule owing to a single nucleotide polymorphism in tra-3. PLoS Genet 2007; 3:e34. [PMID: 17335351 PMCID: PMC1808073 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.0030034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2006] [Accepted: 01/09/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ectotherms rely for their body heat on surrounding temperatures. A key question in biology is why most ectotherms mature at a larger size at lower temperatures, a phenomenon known as the temperature-size rule. Since temperature affects virtually all processes in a living organism, current theories to explain this phenomenon are diverse and complex and assert often from opposing assumptions. Although widely studied, the molecular genetic control of the temperature-size rule is unknown. We found that the Caenorhabditis elegans wild-type N2 complied with the temperature-size rule, whereas wild-type CB4856 defied it. Using a candidate gene approach based on an N2 x CB4856 recombinant inbred panel in combination with mutant analysis, complementation, and transgenic studies, we show that a single nucleotide polymorphism in tra-3 leads to mutation F96L in the encoded calpain-like protease. This mutation attenuates the ability of CB4856 to grow larger at low temperature. Homology modelling predicts that F96L reduces TRA-3 activity by destabilizing the DII-A domain. The data show that size adaptation of ectotherms to temperature changes may be less complex than previously thought because a subtle wild-type polymorphism modulates the temperature responsiveness of body size. These findings provide a novel step toward the molecular understanding of the temperature-size rule, which has puzzled biologists for decades.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan E Kammenga
- Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|