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Gibbons MC, Silldorff M, Okuno H, Esparza MC, Migdal C, Johnson S, Schenk S, Ward SR. The effect of tenotomy, neurotomy, and dual injury on mouse rotator cuff muscles: Consequences for the mouse as a preclinical model. J Orthop Res 2024; 42:1170-1179. [PMID: 38245849 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
A common animal model of muscle pathology following rotator cuff tear (RCT) is a tenotomy of the supraspinatus and infraspinatus, often combined with neurotomy of the suprascapular nerve, which induces a more robust atrophy response than tenotomy alone. However, the utility of this model depends on its similarity to human muscle pathology post-RCT, both in terms of the disease phenotype and mechanisms of muscle atrophy and fatty infiltration. Given the clinical prevalence of nerve injury is low and the muscular response to denervation is distinct from mechanical unloading in other models, an understanding of the biological influence of the nerve injury is critical for interpreting data from this RCT model. We evaluated the individual and combined effect of tenotomy and neurotomy across multiple biological scales, in a robust time-series in the mouse supraspinatus. Muscle composition, histological, and gene expression data related to muscle atrophy, degeneration-regeneration, fatty infiltration, and fibrosis were evaluated. Broadly, we found tenotomy alone caused small, transient changes in these pathological features, which resolved over the course of the study, while neurotomy alone caused a significant fatty atrophy phenotype. The dual injury group had a similar fatty atrophy phenotype to the neurotomy group, though the addition of tenotomy did marginally enhance the fat and connective tissue. Overall, these results suggest the most clinically relevant injury model, tenotomy alone, does not produce a clinically relevant phenotype. The dual injury model partially recapitulates the human condition, but it does so through a nerve injury, which is not well justified clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Gibbons
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Morgan Silldorff
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Hiroshi Okuno
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Mary C Esparza
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Christopher Migdal
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Seth Johnson
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Simon Schenk
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Samuel R Ward
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
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Reed CH, Tystahl AC, Eo H, Buhr TJ, Bauer EE, Lee JH, Clark PJ, Valentine RJ. The Influence of Stress and Binge-Patterned Alcohol Drinking on Mouse Skeletal Muscle Protein Synthesis and Degradation Pathways. Biomolecules 2024; 14:527. [PMID: 38785934 PMCID: PMC11118922 DOI: 10.3390/biom14050527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Adverse experiences (e.g., acute stress) and alcohol misuse can both impair skeletal muscle homeostasis, resulting in reduced protein synthesis and greater protein breakdown. Exposure to acute stress is a significant risk factor for engaging in alcohol misuse. However, little is known about how these factors together might further affect skeletal muscle health. To that end, this study investigated the effects of acute stress exposure followed by a period of binge-patterned alcohol drinking on signaling factors along mouse skeletal muscle protein synthesis (MPS) and degradation (MPD) pathways. Young adult male C57BL/6J mice participated in the Drinking in the Dark paradigm, where they received 2-4 h of access to 20% ethanol (alcohol group) or water (control group) for four days to establish baseline drinking levels. Three days later, half of the mice in each group were either exposed to a single episode of uncontrollable tail shocks (acute stress) or remained undisturbed in their home cages (no stress). Three days after stress exposure, mice received 4 h of access to 20% ethanol (alcohol) to model binge-patterned alcohol drinking or water for ten consecutive days. Immediately following the final episode of alcohol access, mouse gastrocnemius muscle was extracted to measure changes in relative protein levels along the Akt-mTOR MPS, as well as the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPP) and autophagy MPD pathways via Western blotting. A single exposure to acute stress impaired Akt singling and reduced rates of MPS, independent of alcohol access. This observation was concurrent with a potent increase in heat shock protein seventy expression in the muscle of stressed mice. Alcohol drinking did not exacerbate stress-induced alterations in the MPS and MPD signaling pathways. Instead, changes in the MPS and MPD signaling factors due to alcohol access were primarily observed in non-stressed mice. Taken together, these data suggest that exposure to a stressor of sufficient intensity may cause prolonged disruptions to signaling factors that impact skeletal muscle health and function beyond what could be further induced by periods of alcohol misuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carter H Reed
- Department of Biology, Grand View University, Des Moines, IA 50316, USA;
| | - Anna C. Tystahl
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (A.C.T.)
| | - Hyeyoon Eo
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (A.C.T.)
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Trevor J. Buhr
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Ella E. Bauer
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Ji Heun Lee
- Department of Kinesiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (A.C.T.)
| | - Peter J. Clark
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Rudy J. Valentine
- Department of Physical Therapy and Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
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Calixto-Lima L, Wiegert EVM, de Oliveira LC, Chaves GV, Avesani CM, Bezerra FF. Factors associated with variability in skeletal muscle radiodensity in patients with metastatic cancer. Nutrition 2024; 120:112351. [PMID: 38330891 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2024.112351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore factors associated with skeletal muscle radiodensity (SMD) variability in patients with metastatic cancer. METHODS This study included 393 patients (median age 61 y, 70% women) who had computed tomography (CT) scans within 30 days of inclusion in the study. SMD was evaluated from CT by averaging the Hounsfield unit value of the total muscle area. Skeletal muscle index (SMI), visceral adipose tissue index (VATI), subcutaneous adipose tissue index (SATI), and total adipose tissue index (TATI) were also assessed by CT. Additionally, age, sex, race/skin color, disease characteristics, comorbidities, inflammatory markers, handgrip strength (HGS), and body mass index (BMI) were recorded and evaluated in the linear regression analysis to identify factors associated with SMD variability. RESULTS Multivariate explanatory models having SMD as an independent variable were performed and included BMI (model 1, r2 = 0.699), TATI (model 2, r2 = 0.712) or VATI and SATI (model 3, r2 = 0.706) in addition to age, race/skin color, tumor site, kidney disease, serum albumin, HGS, and SMI as dependent variables. For all models, lower SMD was associated with higher age, BMI, and adiposity measurements, kidney disease, White race/skin color, and lower serum albumin, HGS, and SMI. The primary tumor site also contributed to changes in SMD in all models, specifically those located in the gastrointestinal tract, gynecologic, and bone and connective tissue. CONCLUSION In this group of patients with metastatic cancer, lower SMD was associated with older age, White race/skin color, and an overall worse clinical condition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Carla Maria Avesani
- Nutrition Institute, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Division of Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Department of Clinical Science, Technology and Intervention, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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Chen X, Cui P, Li Y, Wang Y, Lu S. Links among MRI features in paraspinal muscles, inflammatory processes, and related back pain in patients with lumbar disc herniation. JOR Spine 2024; 7:e1310. [PMID: 38222815 PMCID: PMC10782065 DOI: 10.1002/jsp2.1310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies have provided evidence that structural changes in paraspinal muscles are associated with intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), ubiquitous with low back pain (LBP), and potentially thought to be regulated by inflammatory processes. However, the links remain unclear. Objective The aims of this study were to investigate structural changes in paraspinal muscles that differed in healthy and lumbar disc herniation (LDH) patients, and LDH patients with and without LBP, and to determine the link with the expression of inflammatory marker(s). Methods Cross-sectional areas (CSAs) and fatty degeneration of muscles were measured in this prospective cohort study. Multifidus muscle (MM) tissue was procured from included individuals undergoing surgery. Gene expression was quantified using qPCR assays. Independent t-test, Chi-square, and Spearman correlation were used for evaluating the links among structural changes, expression of inflammatory markers, and clinical outcomes. Results Functional CSA and fatty degeneration of MM were larger in healthy group than LDH group. A significant increase in fat infiltration in MM in LBP group than in non-LBP group. TNF-alpha (TNF-α) was 28-fold greater in high-fat infiltration group than low-fat infiltration group within MM. Expression of TNF-α and IL-1β in MM was moderately correlated with functional CSA and fatty degeneration of MM, which was moderately correlated with clinical outcomes. Conclusions Results support the hypothesis that IDD is associated with dysregulation of inflammatory state of local MM, which provides initial evidence that inflammatory dysregulation in paraspinal muscles has the potential for a broad impact on tissue health and LBP symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Chen
- Department of OrthopaedicsXuanwu Hospital Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Peng Cui
- Department of OrthopaedicsXuanwu Hospital Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yongjin Li
- Department of OrthopaedicsXuanwu Hospital Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of OrthopaedicsXuanwu Hospital Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Shibao Lu
- Department of OrthopaedicsXuanwu Hospital Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
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Schütze K, Schopp M, Fairchild TJ, Needham M. Old muscle, new tricks: a clinician perspective on sarcopenia and where to next. Curr Opin Neurol 2023; 36:441-449. [PMID: 37501556 PMCID: PMC10487352 DOI: 10.1097/wco.0000000000001185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review offers a contemporary clinical approach to the recognition, prevention and management of sarcopenia, and discusses recent clinically relevant advances in the aetiopathogenesis of muscle ageing that may lead to future therapeutic targets. RECENT FINDINGS The key recent directions for sarcopenia are in the diagnosis, understanding molecular mechanisms and management. Regarding the recognition of the condition, it has become increasingly clear that different definitions hamper progress in understanding. Therefore, the Global Leadership in Sarcopenia has been established in 2022 to develop a universally accepted definition. Moreover, substantial work is occurring to understand the various roles and contribution of inflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic dysregulation on skeletal muscle function and ageing. Finally, the role of resistance-based exercise regimes has been continually emphasised. However, the role of protein supplementation and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) are still under debate, and current clinical trials are underway. SUMMARY With the global ageing of our population, there is increasing emphasis on maintaining good health. Maintenance of skeletal muscle strength and function are key to preventing frailty, morbidity and death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Schütze
- School of Medicine, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle
| | - Madeline Schopp
- School of Medicine, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle
| | - Timothy J. Fairchild
- Centre for Molecular Medicine & Innovative Therapeutics
- School of Allied Health, Murdoch University
| | - Merrilee Needham
- School of Medicine, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle
- Centre for Molecular Medicine & Innovative Therapeutics
- Perron Institute of Neurological and Translational Sciences, Nedlands
- Department of Neurology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
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Nakajima H, Okada H, Kobayashi A, Takahashi F, Okamura T, Hashimoto Y, Nakanishi N, Senmaru T, Ushigome E, Hamaguchi M, Fukui M. Leucine and Glutamic Acid as a Biomarker of Sarcopenic Risk in Japanese People with Type 2 Diabetes. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15102400. [PMID: 37242283 DOI: 10.3390/nu15102400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify the serum metabolites associated with sarcopenic risk in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes, determine the effect of dietary protein intake on the serum metabolic profile, and examine its association with sarcopenia. Ninety-nine Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes were included, and sarcopenic risk was defined as low muscle mass or strength. Seventeen serum metabolites were quantified after gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. The relationship between dietary protein intake and the metabolites concerning sarcopenia was analyzed, and the factors affecting sarcopenic risk were clarified. Twenty-seven patients were classified as being at risk of sarcopenia, the same as the general risk, which was associated with older age, a longer duration of the disease, and a lower body mass index. Low levels of leucine and glutamic acid were significantly associated with low muscle strength (p = 0.002 and p < 0.001, respectively), and leucine was also associated with muscle mass (p = 0.001). Lower levels of glutamic acid had higher odds of sarcopenic risk after being adjusted for age and HbA1c (adjusted OR 4.27, 95% CI 1.07-17.11, p = 0.041), but not for leucine. Leucine and glutamic acid can serve as useful biomarkers for sarcopenia, highlighting potential targets for its prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanako Nakajima
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-0841, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Okada
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-0841, Japan
| | - Ayaka Kobayashi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-0841, Japan
| | - Fuyuko Takahashi
- Nutrition Division, Saiseikai Suita Hospital, Osaka 564-0013, Japan
| | - Takuro Okamura
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-0841, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Hashimoto
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Matsushita Memorial Hospital, Osaka 570-8540, Japan
| | - Naoko Nakanishi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-0841, Japan
| | - Takafumi Senmaru
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-0841, Japan
| | - Emi Ushigome
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-0841, Japan
| | - Masahide Hamaguchi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-0841, Japan
| | - Michiaki Fukui
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-0841, Japan
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Gambardella J, Fiordelisi A, Cerasuolo FA, Buonaiuto A, Avvisato R, Viti A, Sommella E, Merciai F, Salviati E, Campiglia P, D’Argenio V, Parisi S, Bianco A, Spinelli L, Di Vaia E, Cuocolo A, Pisani A, Riccio E, Di Risi T, Ciccarelli M, Santulli G, Sorriento D, Iaccarino G. Experimental evidence and clinical implications of Warburg effect in the skeletal muscle of Fabry disease. iScience 2023; 26:106074. [PMID: 36879801 PMCID: PMC9984560 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle (SM) pain and fatigue are common in Fabry disease (FD). Here, we undertook the investigation of the energetic mechanisms related to FD-SM phenotype. A reduced tolerance to aerobic activity and lactate accumulation occurred in FD-mice and patients. Accordingly, in murine FD-SM we detected an increase in fast/glycolytic fibers, mirrored by glycolysis upregulation. In FD-patients, we confirmed a high glycolytic rate and the underutilization of lipids as fuel. In the quest for a tentative mechanism, we found HIF-1 upregulated in FD-mice and patients. This finding goes with miR-17 upregulation that is responsible for metabolic remodeling and HIF-1 accumulation. Accordingly, miR-17 antagomir inhibited HIF-1 accumulation, reverting the metabolic-remodeling in FD-cells. Our findings unveil a Warburg effect in FD, an anaerobic-glycolytic switch under normoxia induced by miR-17-mediated HIF-1 upregulation. Exercise-intolerance, blood-lactate increase, and the underlying miR-17/HIF-1 pathway may become useful therapeutic targets and diagnostic/monitoring tools in FD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Gambardella
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center of Research on Hypertension and Related Conditions (CIRIAPA), Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Fiordelisi
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Antonietta Buonaiuto
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Avvisato
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandro Viti
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Valeria D’Argenio
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele Open University, Rome, Italy
- CEINGE- Advanced Biotechnologies, Naples, Italy
| | - Silvia Parisi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Bianco
- Interdepartmental Center of Research on Hypertension and Related Conditions (CIRIAPA), Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Letizia Spinelli
- Interdepartmental Center of Research on Hypertension and Related Conditions (CIRIAPA), Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Eugenio Di Vaia
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Alberto Cuocolo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Pisani
- Department of Public Health, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Eleonora Riccio
- Department of Public Health, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Michele Ciccarelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Gaetano Santulli
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Einstein Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniela Sorriento
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center of Research on Hypertension and Related Conditions (CIRIAPA), Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Guido Iaccarino
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center of Research on Hypertension and Related Conditions (CIRIAPA), Federico II University, Naples, Italy
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Chen X, Li Y, Wang W, Cui P, Wang Y, Lu S. Correlation between inflammatory cytokine expression in paraspinal tissues and severity of disc degeneration in individuals with lumbar disc herniation. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2023; 24:193. [PMID: 36918849 PMCID: PMC10012494 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-023-06295-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous animal studies have discovered dysregulation of the local inflammatory state as a novel mechanism to explain structural changes in paraspinal muscles in association with disc degeneration. This study aimed to determine whether the expression of inflammatory genes in the multifidus muscle (MM) differs between individuals with disc degeneration and non-degeneration, which may cause changes in the cross-sectional area (CSA) of paraspinal muscles and clinical outcomes. METHODS Muscles were procured from 60 individuals undergoing percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy for lumbar disc herniation (LDH). Total and functional CSAs and fatty degeneration of paraspinal muscles on ipsilateral and unilateral sides were measured. Gene expression was quantified using qPCR assays. Paired t-test and Pearson's correlation analysis were used to compare the mean difference and associations, respectively. RESULTS There were significant differences in total CSAs of paraspinal muscles and functional CSA and fatty degeneration of MM between ipsilateral and unilateral sides. Participants in the disc degeneration group displayed higher fat infiltration in MM. The expression of TNF was moderately correlated with total CSAs of paraspinal muscles and functional CSA and fatty degeneration of MM. The expression of IL-1β was strongly correlated with the total and functional CSA of MM. The expression of TGF-β1 was moderately correlated with the functional CSA of MM. The expression of TNF, IL-1β, and TGF-β1 was moderate to strongly correlated with clinical outcomes. CONCLUSION The results show that there were differences in the characteristics of paraspinal muscles between the ipsilateral and unilateral sides, which were affected by disc degeneration and the degree of fat infiltration. High-fat filtration and reduction of CSA of MM are associated with inflammatory dysfunction. There was evidence of a dysregulated inflammatory profile in MM in individuals with poor clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Changchun Street 45, Xicheng District, 100032, Beijing, China.
| | - Yongjin Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Changchun Street 45, Xicheng District, 100032, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Changchun Street 45, Xicheng District, 100032, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Cui
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Changchun Street 45, Xicheng District, 100032, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Changchun Street 45, Xicheng District, 100032, Beijing, China
| | - Shibao Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Changchun Street 45, Xicheng District, 100032, Beijing, China.
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Silva-Gutiérrez A, Artigas-Arias M, Alegría-Molina A, Guerra-Vega P, Navarrete P, Venegas Á, Montecinos C, Vásquez L, Moraga K, Rubilar C, Villagrán G, Parada R, Vitzel KF, Marzuca-Nassr GN. Characterization of muscle mass, strength and mobility of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia: Distribution by sex, age, days on mechanical ventilation, and muscle weakness. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1095228. [PMID: 36846316 PMCID: PMC9950093 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1095228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Quantify and categorize by sex, age, and time spent on mechanical ventilation (MV), the decline in skeletal muscle mass, strength and mobility in critically ill patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 and requiring mechanical ventilation while at intensive care unit (ICU). Design: Prospective observational study including participants recruited between June 2020 and February 2021 at Hospital Clínico Herminda Martin (HCHM), Chillán, Chile. The thickness of the quadriceps muscle was evaluated by ultrasonography (US) at intensive care unit admission and awakening. Muscle strength and mobility were assessed, respectively, through the Medical Research Council Sum Score (MRC-SS) and the Functional Status Score for the Intensive Care Unit Scale (FSS-ICU) both at awakening and at ICU discharge. Results were categorized by sex (female or male), age (<60 years old or ≥60 years old) and time spent on MV (≤10 days or >10 days). Setting: Intensive care unit in a public hospital. Participants: 132 participants aged 18 years old or above (women n = 49, 60 ± 13 years; men n = 85, 59 ± 12 years) admitted to intensive care unit with a confirmed diagnosis of severe SARS-CoV-2 and requiring MV for more than 48 h were included in the study. Patients with previous physical and or cognitive disorders were excluded. Interventions: Not applicable. Results: Muscle thickness have significantly decreased during intensive care unit stay, vastus intermedius (-11%; p = 0.025), rectus femoris (-20%; p < 0.001) and total quadriceps (-16%; p < 0.001). Muscle strength and mobility were improved at intensive care unit discharge when compared with measurements at awakening in intensive care unit (time effect, p < 0.001). Patients ≥60 years old or on MV for >10 days presented greater muscle loss, alongside with lower muscle strength and mobility. Conclusion: Critically ill patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 and requiring MV presented decreased muscle mass, strength, and mobility during their intensive care unit stay. Factors associated with muscle mass, such as age >60 years and >10 days of MV, exacerbated the critical condition and impaired recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Macarena Artigas-Arias
- Doctorado en Ciencias mención Biología Celular y Molecular Aplicada, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile,Departamento de Procesos Terapéuticos, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Temuco, Chile
| | - Andrea Alegría-Molina
- Magíster en Terapia Física con mención, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | | | - Pablo Navarrete
- Unidad de Paciente Crítico Adulto, Hospital Clínico Herminda Martín, Chillán, Chile
| | - Ángela Venegas
- Unidad de Paciente Crítico Adulto, Hospital Clínico Herminda Martín, Chillán, Chile
| | - Carlos Montecinos
- Unidad de Paciente Crítico Adulto, Hospital Clínico Herminda Martín, Chillán, Chile
| | - Lorena Vásquez
- Unidad de Paciente Crítico Adulto, Hospital Clínico Herminda Martín, Chillán, Chile
| | - Karen Moraga
- Unidad de Paciente Crítico Adulto, Hospital Clínico Herminda Martín, Chillán, Chile
| | - César Rubilar
- Unidad de Paciente Crítico Adulto, Hospital Clínico Herminda Martín, Chillán, Chile
| | - Germán Villagrán
- Unidad de Paciente Crítico Adulto, Hospital Clínico Herminda Martín, Chillán, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Parada
- Unidad de Paciente Crítico Adulto, Hospital Clínico Herminda Martín, Chillán, Chile
| | - Kaio Fernando Vitzel
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Gabriel Nasri Marzuca-Nassr
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Rehabilitación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile,*Correspondence: Gabriel Nasri Marzuca-Nassr,
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Raymond-Pope CJ, Basten AM, Bruzina AS, McFaline-Figueroa J, Lillquist TJ, Call JA, Greising SM. Restricted physical activity after volumetric muscle loss alters whole-body and local muscle metabolism. J Physiol 2023; 601:743-761. [PMID: 36536512 PMCID: PMC9931639 DOI: 10.1113/jp283959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Volumetric muscle loss (VML) is the traumatic loss of skeletal muscle, resulting in chronic functional deficits and pathological comorbidities, including altered whole-body metabolic rate and respiratory exchange ratio (RER), despite no change in physical activity in animal models. In other injury models, treatment with β2 receptor agonists (e.g. formoterol) improves metabolic and skeletal muscle function. We aimed first to examine if restricting physical activity following injury affects metabolic and skeletal muscle function, and second, to enhance the metabolic and contractile function of the muscle remaining following VML injury through treatment with formoterol. Adult male C57Bl/6J mice (n = 32) underwent VML injury to the posterior hindlimb compartment and were randomly assigned to unrestricted or restricted activity and formoterol treatment or no treatment; age-matched injury naïve mice (n = 4) were controls for biochemical analyses. Longitudinal 24 h evaluations of physical activity and whole-body metabolism were conducted following VML. In vivo muscle function was assessed terminally, and muscles were biochemically evaluated for protein expression, mitochondrial enzyme activity and untargeted metabolomics. Restricting activity chronically after VML had the greatest effect on physical activity and RER, reflected in reduced lipid oxidation, although changes were attenuated by formoterol treatment. Formoterol enhanced injured muscle mass, while mitigating functional deficits. These novel findings indicate physical activity restriction may recapitulate following VML clinically, and adjunctive oxidative treatment may create a metabolically beneficial intramuscular environment while enhancing the injured muscle's mass and force-producing capacity. Further investigation is needed to evaluate adjunctive oxidative treatment with rehabilitation, which may augment the muscle's regenerative and functional capacity following VML. KEY POINTS: The natural ability of skeletal muscle to regenerate and recover function is lost following complex traumatic musculoskeletal injury, such as volumetric muscle loss (VML), and physical inactivity following VML may incur additional deleterious consequences for muscle and metabolic health. Modelling VML injury-induced physical activity restriction altered whole-body metabolism, primarily by decreasing lipid oxidation, while preserving local skeletal muscle metabolic activity. The β2 adrenergic receptor agonist formoterol has shown promise in other severe injury models to improve regeneration, recover function and enhance metabolism. Treatment with formoterol enhanced mass of the injured muscle and whole-body metabolism while mitigating functional deficits resulting from injury. Understanding of chronic effects of the clinically available and FDA-approved pharmaceutical formoterol could be a translational option to support muscle function after VML injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alec M. Basten
- School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis MN 55455, USA
| | - Angela S. Bruzina
- School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis MN 55455, USA
| | | | | | - Jarrod A. Call
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Sarah M. Greising
- School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis MN 55455, USA
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11
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Ramírez-Vélez R, Legarra-Gorgoñon G, Oscoz-Ochandorena S, García-Alonso Y, García-Alonso N, Oteiza J, Ernaga Lorea A, Correa-Rodríguez M, Izquierdo M. Reduced muscle strength in patients with long-COVID-19 syndrome is mediated by limb muscle mass. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2023; 134:50-58. [PMID: 36448687 PMCID: PMC9762963 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00599.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the impact of COVID-19 on muscle strength may help to elucidate the organ systems that contribute to acute and chronic COVID-19 sequelae. We questioned whether patients with postdischarge symptoms after COVID-19 had compromised muscle strength compared with a control group, and if this potential relationship was mediated by the lower appendicular lean mass index (ALMI). A total of 99 patients with long-COVID-19 and 97 control participants were screened. Maximal grip strength was assessed with a TKK 5101 digital dynamometer, and leg extension 1RM was measured using EGYM Smart Strength machines. Body composition (fat mass percentage, lean mass, visceral fat, and appendicular lean mass index) was determined using a whole body dual-energy X-ray densitometer. Results showed that grip strength and leg extension strength were significantly higher in controls than in COVID-19 survivors (mean [SD], 32.82 [10.01] vs. 26.94 [10.33] kg; difference, 5.87 kg; P < 0.001) and (mean [SD], 93.98 [33.73] vs. 71.59 [33.70] kg; difference, 22.38 kg; P < 0.001), respectively). The relationship between long-COVID syndrome and grip/leg strength levels was partly mediated by ALMI, which explained 52% of the association for grip strength and 39% for leg extension. Our findings provide novel insights into the mechanisms underlying the relationship between long-COVID syndrome and grip/leg strength levels, supporting the negative effects of long-COVID syndrome on muscle function.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The causes of post-COVID-19 syndrome are uncertain. Limb muscle wasting common to patients with COVID-19 limits daily activities and exercise. In this cross-sectional study, we found that patients with long-COVID-19 syndrome had significantly lower absolute and relative muscle strength measurements than control participants. Interestingly, we identified that these relationships were mostly mediated by limb muscle mass. Our data thus suggest that the evident reduced upper and lower muscle mass is a putative cause of-or contributor to-the functional limitation of patients with long-COVID-19 syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robinson Ramírez-Vélez
- 1Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain,2CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gaizka Legarra-Gorgoñon
- 1Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sergio Oscoz-Ochandorena
- 1Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Yesenia García-Alonso
- 1Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Nora García-Alonso
- 1Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Julio Oteiza
- 3Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ander Ernaga Lorea
- 4Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutricion, Hospital
Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - María Correa-Rodríguez
- 5Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain,6Biosanitary Research Institute (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- 1Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain,2CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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12
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Rojo‐García AV, Vanmunster M, Pacolet A, Suhr F. Physical inactivity by tail suspension alters markers of metabolism, structure, and autophagy of the mouse heart. Physiol Rep 2023; 11:e15574. [PMID: 36695670 PMCID: PMC9875748 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Sedentary behavior has become ingrained in our society and has been linked to cardiovascular diseases. Physical inactivity is the main characteristic of sedentary behavior. However, its impact on cardiovascular disease is not clear. Therefore, we investigated the effect of physical inactivity in an established mouse model on gene clusters associated with cardiac fibrosis, electrophysiology, cell regeneration, and tissue degradation/turnover. We investigated a sedentary group (CTR, n = 10) versus a tail suspension group (TS, n = 11) that caused hindlimb unloading and consequently physical inactivity. Through histological, protein content, and transcript analysis approaches, we found that cardiac fibrosis-related genes partly change, with significant TS-associated increases in Tgfb1, but without changes in Col1a1 and Fn1. These changes are not translated into fibrosis at tissue level. We further detected TS-mediated increases in protein degradation- (Trim63, p < 0.001; Fbxo32, p = 0.0947 as well as in biosynthesis-related [P70s6kb1, p < 0.01]). Corroborating these results, we found increased expression of autophagy markers such as Atg7 (p < 0.01) and ULK1 (p < 0.05). Two cardiomyocyte regeneration- and sarcomerogenesis-related genes, Yap (p = 0.0535) and Srf (p < 0.001), increased upon TS compared to CTR conditions. Finally, we found significant upregulation of Gja1 (p < 0.05) and a significant downregulation of Aqp1 (p < 0.05). Our data demonstrate that merely 2 weeks of reduced physical activity induce changes in genes associated with cardiac structure and electrophysiology. Hence, these data should find the basis for novel research directed to evaluate the interplay of cardiac functioning and physical inactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mathias Vanmunster
- Department of Movement SciencesExercise Physiology Research Group, KU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Alexander Pacolet
- Department of Movement SciencesExercise Physiology Research Group, KU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Frank Suhr
- Department of Movement SciencesExercise Physiology Research Group, KU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
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13
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Wu SH, Lu IC, Yang SM, Hsieh CF, Chai CY, Tai MH, Huang SH. Spinal Irisin Gene Delivery Attenuates Burn Injury-Induced Muscle Atrophy by Promoting Axonal Myelination and Innervation of Neuromuscular Junctions. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415899. [PMID: 36555538 PMCID: PMC9784798 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle loss and weakness after a burn injury are typically the consequences of neuronal dysregulation and metabolic change. Hypermetabolism has been noted to cause muscle atrophy. However, the mechanism underlying the development of burn-induced motor neuropathy and its contribution to muscle atrophy warrant elucidation. Current therapeutic interventions for burn-induced motor neuropathy demonstrate moderate efficacy and have side effects, which limit their usage. We previously used a third-degree burn injury rodent model and found that irisin-an exercise-induced myokine-exerts a protective effect against burn injury-induced sensory and motor neuropathy by attenuating neuronal damage in the spinal cord. In the current study, spinal irisin gene delivery was noted to attenuate burn injury-induced sciatic nerve demyelination and reduction of neuromuscular junction innervation. Spinal overexpression of irisin leads to myelination rehabilitation and muscular innervation through the modulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and glial-cell-line-derived neurotrophic factor expression along the sciatic nerve to the muscle tissues and thereby modulates the Akt/mTOR pathway and metabolic derangement and prevents muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Hua Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 801, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - I-Cheng Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ming Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sun University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Fang Hsieh
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 801, Taiwan
| | - Chee-Yin Chai
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sun University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hong Tai
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sun University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (M.-H.T.); (S.-H.H.)
| | - Shu-Hung Huang
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Regeneration Medicine and Cell Therapy Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung 812, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (M.-H.T.); (S.-H.H.)
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14
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Possover M. Humans at the dawn of the in-body electrical nerve stimulation era. Facts Views Vis Obgyn 2022; 14:293-298. [PMID: 36724420 PMCID: PMC10364328 DOI: 10.52054/fvvo.14.4.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The neuroprosthesis laparoscopic implantation technique for electric pelvic nerve stimulation was introduced to gynaecology over 15 years ago to treat intractable pelvic neuropathic pain. Following this first indication, other applications were developed, particularly in parapleology. The LION procedure developed to assist patients with paraplegia and common problems associated with inertia when confined to a wheelchair could find revolutionary applications in aging medicine and prevention. Materials and Methods Spinal cord injured patients who have undergone the Possover's LION procedure. Main outcome measure PubMed was systematically searched to identify peer-reviewed articles published in English that reported on LION procedure. Results Three independent studies published recently (100 patients worldwide) have shown revolutionary recovery of supra-spinal control in patients with chronic spinal cord injury following pelvic nerves stimulation, with 70% of them establishing a walker/crutches-assisted gait. The same studies have also shown significant whole-body muscle-mass building, peripheral vasodilatation, and an unexpected improvement in bone mineral density. Conclusion These ground-breaking findings could find revolutionary applications in aging medicine and the prevention of osteoporosis, with a huge impact on global public health. Humanity is on the cusp of an exciting new era following the introduction of the in-body electrical nerve stimulation technique. What is new? In-body electrical nerve stimulation for recovery and/or control of human peripheral somatic and autonomic nervous systems.
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15
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Millar-Wilson A, Ward Ó, Duffy E, Hardiman G. Multiscale modeling in the framework of biological systems and its potential for spaceflight biology studies. iScience 2022; 25:105421. [DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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16
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Byeon HR, Jang SY, Lee Y, Kim D, Hong MG, Lee D, Shin JH, Seo JG. New Strains of Akkermansia muciniphila and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii are Effective for Improving the Muscle Strength of Mice with Immobilization-Induced Muscular Atrophy. J Med Food 2022; 25:565-575. [PMID: 35708632 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2021.k.0148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscular atrophy is a muscle disease in which muscle mass and strength decrease due to aging, injury, metabolic disorders, or chronic conditions. Proteins in muscle tissue are degraded by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, and atrophy accelerates this pathway. Akkermansia muciniphila and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii strains are effective agents against metabolic and inflammatory diseases in next-generation probiotic research. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of A. muciniphila strain EB-AMDK19 and F. prausnitzii strain EB-FPDK11 in a mouse model of muscular atrophy, since atrophy inhibits energy metabolism and immune activation. After oral administration of each strain for 4 weeks, the hind legs of the mice were fixed with a plaster cast to immobilize them for a week. As a result, the administration of EB-AMDK19 and EB-FPDK11 strains improved grip strength but did not increase muscle mass. At the molecular level, A. muciniphila and F. prausnitzii treatments decreased the expression levels of ubiquitin-proteasome genes, atrogin-1, MuRF, and cathepsin L. They increased the expression level of the mitochondrial biogenesis regulatory gene, PGC-1α. The effect of the strains was confirmed by a decrease in myostatin. Furthermore, A. muciniphila and F. prausnitzii modulated the immune function by enhancing ZO-1 and inhibiting IL-6. In particular, EB-AMDK19 promoted the expression of IL-10, an anti-inflammatory cytokine. These results suggest that A. muciniphila and F. prausnitzii may have beneficial effects on muscular atrophy, verified by newly isolated EB-AMDK19 and EB-FPDK11 as potential next-generation probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Rim Byeon
- Efficacy Assessment Team, R&D Center, Enterobiome Inc., Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Korea
| | - Seo-Yul Jang
- Efficacy Assessment Team, R&D Center, Enterobiome Inc., Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Korea
| | - Yoonmi Lee
- Efficacy Assessment Team, R&D Center, Enterobiome Inc., Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Korea
| | - Dohak Kim
- Strain Development Team, R&D Center, Enterobiome Inc., Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Korea
| | - Moon-Gi Hong
- Strain Development Team, R&D Center, Enterobiome Inc., Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Korea
| | - Dokyung Lee
- Strain Development Team, R&D Center, Enterobiome Inc., Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Korea
| | - Joo-Hyun Shin
- R&D Center, Enterobiome Inc., Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Korea
| | - Jae-Gu Seo
- R&D Center, Enterobiome Inc., Siksa-dong, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Korea
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17
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Vanmunster M, Rojo Garcia AV, Pacolet A, Dalle S, Koppo K, Jonkers I, Lories R, Suhr F. Mechanosensors control skeletal muscle mass, molecular clocks, and metabolism. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:321. [PMID: 35622133 PMCID: PMC11072145 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04346-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skeletal muscles (SkM) are mechanosensitive, with mechanical unloading resulting in muscle-devastating conditions and altered metabolic properties. However, it remains unexplored whether these atrophic conditions affect SkM mechanosensors and molecular clocks, both crucial for their homeostasis and consequent physiological metabolism. METHODS We induced SkM atrophy through 14 days of hindlimb suspension (HS) in 10 male C57BL/6J mice and 10 controls (CTR). SkM histology, gene expressions and protein levels of mechanosensors, molecular clocks and metabolism-related players were examined in the m. Gastrocnemius and m. Soleus. Furthermore, we genetically reduced the expression of mechanosensors integrin-linked kinase (Ilk1) and kindlin-2 (Fermt2) in myogenic C2C12 cells and analyzed the gene expression of mechanosensors, clock components and metabolism-controlling genes. RESULTS Upon hindlimb suspension, gene expression levels of both core molecular clocks and mechanosensors were moderately upregulated in m. Gastrocnemius but strongly downregulated in m. Soleus. Upon unloading, metabolism- and protein biosynthesis-related genes were moderately upregulated in m. Gastrocnemius but downregulated in m. Soleus. Furthermore, we identified very strong correlations between mechanosensors, metabolism- and circadian clock-regulating genes. Finally, genetically induced downregulations of mechanosensors Ilk1 and Fermt2 caused a downregulated mechanosensor, molecular clock and metabolism-related gene expression in the C2C12 model. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, these data shed new lights on mechanisms that control muscle loss. Mechanosensors are identified to crucially control these processes, specifically through commanding molecular clock components and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Vanmunster
- Department of Movement Sciences, Exercise Physiology Research Group, KU Leuven, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ana Victoria Rojo Garcia
- Department of Movement Sciences, Exercise Physiology Research Group, KU Leuven, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Alexander Pacolet
- Department of Movement Sciences, Exercise Physiology Research Group, KU Leuven, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sebastiaan Dalle
- Department of Movement Sciences, Exercise Physiology Research Group, KU Leuven, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katrien Koppo
- Department of Movement Sciences, Exercise Physiology Research Group, KU Leuven, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ilse Jonkers
- Department of Movement Sciences, Human Movement Biomechanics Research Group, KU Leuven, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rik Lories
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, KU Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frank Suhr
- Department of Movement Sciences, Exercise Physiology Research Group, KU Leuven, 3001, Leuven, Belgium.
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Antony R, Aby K, Gao H, Eichholz M, Srinivasan R, Li Y. UCHL1 Regulates Lipid and Perilipin 2 Level in Skeletal Muscle. Front Physiol 2022; 13:855193. [PMID: 35464088 PMCID: PMC9021748 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.855193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCHL1) is a deubiquitinating enzyme that was originally found in neurons. We found that UCHL1 is highly expressed in slow oxidative skeletal muscles, but its functions remain to be fully understood. In this study, we observed that UCHL1 protein levels in skeletal muscle and C2C12 myotubes were downregulated by fasting or glucose starvation respectively. Skeletal muscle selective knockout (smKO) of UCHL1 resulted in a significant reduction of lipid content in skeletal muscle and improved glucose tolerance. UCHL1 smKO did not significantly change the levels of key proteins involved in oxidative metabolism such as SDHA, Akt, or PDH. Interestingly, while the levels of the major lipases and lipid transporters were unchanged, perilipin 2 was significantly downregulated in UCHL1 smKO muscle. Consistently, in C2C12 myotubes, UCHL1 siRNA knockdown also reduced perilipin 2 protein level. This data suggests that UCHL1 may stabilize perilipin 2 and thus lipid storage in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yifan Li
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Vermillion, SD, United States
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19
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Zhang Y, Du G, Zhan Y, Guo K, Zheng Y, Tang L, Guo J, Liang J. Muscle Atrophy Evaluation via Radiomics Analysis using Ultrasound Images: A Cohort Data Study. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2022; 69:3163-3174. [PMID: 35324432 DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2022.3162223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Existing methods for muscle atrophy evaluation based on muscle size measures from ultrasound images are inadequate in precision. Radiomics has been widely used in various medical studies, but its validity for the evaluation of muscle atrophy has not been fully explored. METHODS This study presents a radiomics analysis for muscle atrophy evaluation using ultrasound images. The hindlimb unloading rat model was developed to simulate weightlessness muscle atrophy and ultrasound images of the hind limbs were acquired for both the hindlimb unloaded (HU) and control groups during a 21-day HU period. A total of 368 radiomics features were extracted and the stable and informative features were selected through a two-stage feature selection procedure. The feature change trajectory of the stable features was analyzed using the hierarchical clustering method. Finally, an adaptive longitudinal feature selection and grading network, ALNet, was developed to evaluate muscle atrophy. RESULTS The clustering trajectories of ultrasound image features showed similar trends to the changes in muscle atrophy at the molecular level. The best grading accuracy achieved by the ALNet was 79.5% for the Soleus (Sol) muscle and 82.6% for the Gastrocnemius (Gas) muscle. CONCLUSION The test-retest is essential in performing radiomics analysis on ultrasound images. The longitudinal feature selection is important for muscle atrophy grading. The ultrasound image features of the Gas muscle have better discrimination ability than that of the Sol muscle. This study proves for the first time the capability of ultrasound image features for muscle atrophy evaluation.
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The association between changes in multifidus muscle morphology and back pain scores following discectomy surgery for lumbar disc herniation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2022; 31:1784-1794. [PMID: 35325300 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-022-07181-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the impact of discectomy on back muscles (e.g. multifidus muscle (MM)) morphology in patients with lumbar disc herniation (LDH) following discectomy surgery, address the association of back muscles morphology with pain score preoperatively and post-operatively, and investigate the relationships between the changes from pre- to post-operative back muscles measurements and pain score (primary outcome) and disability score (secondary outcome) change following discectomy if any. METHODS We searched three online databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies. In LDH patients, eligible for discectomy surgery, pre- and post-operative and the changes from pre- to post-operative of back and/or leg pain with Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and multifidus muscle morphology, were considered as primary outcomes. Cochrane Risk-of-Bias 2 tool and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) were used to assess the methodological quality of RCTs and observational studies, respectively. Standardize mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was evaluated. A meta-regression analysis was conducted. GRADE approach was used to summarize the strength of evidence. RESULTS One RCT and five observational studies were included in the analysis of 489 patients with LDH undergoing discectomy surgery. The mean overall follow-up was 64.9 weeks (6 to 148.7 weeks). There was a significant negative relationship between the change from pre- to post-operative cross-sectional area (CSA) in MM and change in VAS back pain [regression coefficient = -0.01, (95% CI = -0.02, -0.01), p = 0.044] after discectomy surgery. No significant relationship between preoperative CSA in MM and preoperative/post-operative clinical (any of the follow-up periods) scores could be established. CONCLUSION The results of this study found very low-quality grade evidence for an association between higher reduction of CSA in MM and less reductions of back pain scores following discectomy surgery for patients with LDH. Due to the heterogeneity and methodological limitations, further studies will improve understanding and aid preoperative counselling.
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Supplementing cultured human myotubes with hibernating bear serum results in increased protein content by modulating Akt/FOXO3a signaling. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263085. [PMID: 35077510 PMCID: PMC8789107 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hibernating bears remain in their dens for 5–7 months during winter and survive without eating or drinking while staying inactive. However, they maintain their physical functions with minimal skeletal muscle atrophy and metabolic dysfunction. In bears, resistance to skeletal muscle atrophy during hibernation is likely mediated by seasonally altered systemic factors that are independent of neuromuscular activity. To determine whether there are components in bear serum that regulate protein and energy metabolism, differentiated human skeletal muscle cells were treated with bear serum (5% in DMEM/Ham’s F-12, 24 h) collected during active summer (July) and hibernating winter (February) periods. The serum samples were collected from the same individual bears (Ursus thibetanus japonicus, n = 7 in each season). Total protein content in cultured skeletal muscle cells was significantly increased following a 24 h treatment with hibernating bear serum. Although the protein synthesis rate was not altered, the expression of MuRF1 protein, a muscle-specific E3 ubiquitin ligase was significantly decreased along with a concomitant activation of Akt/FOXO3a signaling. Increased levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) were also observed in hibernating bear serum. These observations suggest that protein metabolism in cultured human myotubes may be altered when incubated with hibernating bear serum, with a significant increase in serum IGF-1 and diminished MuRF1 expression, a potential target of Akt/FOXO3a signaling. A protein sparing phenotype in cultured muscle cells by treatment with hibernating bear serum holds potential for the development of methods to prevent human muscle atrophy and related disorders.
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22
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Bordoli C, Murphy E, Varley I, Sharpe G, Hennis P. A Systematic Review investigating the Effectiveness of Exercise training in Glycogen Storage Diseases. THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN RARE DISEASE 2022; 3:26330040221076497. [PMID: 37180413 PMCID: PMC10032442 DOI: 10.1177/26330040221076497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Glycogen storage diseases (GSDs) are rare inborn errors of carbohydrate metabolism typically with skeletal muscle and liver involvement. In those with skeletal muscle involvement, the majority display symptoms of exercise intolerance which can cause profound exercise limitation and impair everyday living and quality of life (QoL). There are no curative treatments for GSDs, thus therapeutic options, such as exercise training, are aimed at improving QoL by alleviating signs and symptoms. In order to investigate the effectiveness of exercise training in adults with GSDs, we systematically reviewed the literature. Methods In this review we conducted searches within SCOPUS and MEDLINE to identify potential papers for inclusion. These papers were independently assessed for inclusion and quality by two authors. We identified 23 studies which included aerobic training, strength training or respiratory muscle training in patients with McArdles (n = 41) and Pompe disease (n = 139). Results In McArdle disease, aerobic exercise training improved aerobic capacity (VO2 peak) by 14-111% with further benefits to functional capacity and well-being. Meanwhile, strength training increased muscle peak power by 100-151% and reduced disease severity. In Pompe disease, a combination of aerobic and strength training improved VO2 peak by 9-10%, muscle peak power by 64%, functional capacity and well-being. Furthermore, respiratory muscle training (RMT) improved respiratory muscular strength [maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP) increased by up to 65% and maximum expiratory pressure (MEP) by up to 70%], with additional benefits shown in aerobic capacity, functional capacity and well-being. Conclusion This adds to the growing body of evidence which suggests that supervised exercise training is safe and effective in improving aerobic capacity and muscle function in adults with McArdle or Pompe disease. However, the literature base is limited in quality and quantity with a dearth of literature regarding exercise training in other GSD subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Bordoli
- Sport, Health and Performance Enhancement
(SHAPE) Research Centre, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Clifton,
Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Elaine Murphy
- Charles Dent Metabolic Unit, The National
Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - Ian Varley
- Sport, Health and Performance Enhancement
(SHAPE) Research Centre, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Graham Sharpe
- Sport, Health and Performance Enhancement
(SHAPE) Research Centre, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Philip Hennis
- Sport, Health and Performance Enhancement
(SHAPE) Research Centre, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
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23
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Ohira T, Ino Y, Kimura Y, Nakai Y, Kimura A, Kurata Y, Kagawa H, Kimura M, Egashira K, Matsuda C, Ohira Y, Furukawa S, Hirano H. Effects of microgravity exposure and fructo-oligosaccharide ingestion on the proteome of soleus and extensor digitorum longus muscles in developing mice. NPJ Microgravity 2021; 7:34. [PMID: 34535681 PMCID: PMC8448765 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-021-00164-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids produced by the gut bacterial fermentation of non-digestible carbohydrates, e.g., fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS), contribute to the maintenance of skeletal muscle mass and oxidative metabolic capacity. We evaluated the effect of FOS ingestion on protein expression of soleus (Sol) and extensor digitorum longus muscles in mice exposed to microgravity (μ-g). Twelve 9-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were raised individually on the International Space Station under μ-g or artificial 1-g and fed a diet with or without FOS (n = 3/group). Regardless of FOS ingestion, the absolute wet weights of both muscles tended to decrease, and the fiber phenotype in Sol muscles shifted toward fast-twitch type following μ-g exposure. However, FOS ingestion tended to mitigate the μ-g-exposure-related decrease in oxidative metabolism and enhance glutathione redox detoxification in Sol muscles. These results indicate that FOS ingestion mildly suppresses metabolic changes and oxidative stress in antigravity Sol muscles during spaceflight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Ohira
- Research Center for Space and Medical Sciences and Organization for Research Initiatives and Development, Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan. .,Department of Physiology and Regenerative Medicine, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, Japan. .,Advanced Medical Research Center, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, Japan. .,Space Biomedical Research Group, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Ibaraki, Japan.
| | - Yoko Ino
- Advanced Medical Research Center, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yayoi Kimura
- Advanced Medical Research Center, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yusuke Nakai
- Advanced Medical Research Center, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ayuko Kimura
- Advanced Medical Research Center, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoichi Kurata
- Advanced Medical Research Center, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kagawa
- Advanced Medical Research Center, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Kimura
- Advanced Medical Research Center, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kenji Egashira
- Advanced Medical Research Center, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Chie Matsuda
- Space Biomedical Research Group, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Ohira
- Research Center for Space and Medical Sciences and Organization for Research Initiatives and Development, Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Satoshi Furukawa
- Space Biomedical Research Group, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hisashi Hirano
- Advanced Medical Research Center, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, Japan
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24
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Cahill T, Cope H, Bass JJ, Overbey EG, Gilbert R, da Silveira WA, Paul AM, Mishra T, Herranz R, Reinsch SS, Costes SV, Hardiman G, Szewczyk NJ, Tahimic CGT. Mammalian and Invertebrate Models as Complementary Tools for Gaining Mechanistic Insight on Muscle Responses to Spaceflight. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179470. [PMID: 34502375 PMCID: PMC8430797 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioinformatics approaches have proven useful in understanding biological responses to spaceflight. Spaceflight experiments remain resource intensive and rare. One outstanding issue is how to maximize scientific output from a limited number of omics datasets from traditional animal models including nematodes, fruitfly, and rodents. The utility of omics data from invertebrate models in anticipating mammalian responses to spaceflight has not been fully explored. Hence, we performed comparative analyses of transcriptomes of soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) in mice that underwent 37 days of spaceflight. Results indicate shared stress responses and altered circadian rhythm. EDL showed more robust growth signals and Pde2a downregulation, possibly underlying its resistance to atrophy versus soleus. Spaceflight and hindlimb unloading mice shared differential regulation of proliferation, circadian, and neuronal signaling. Shared gene regulation in muscles of humans on bedrest and space flown rodents suggest targets for mitigating muscle atrophy in space and on Earth. Spaceflight responses of C. elegans were more similar to EDL. Discrete life stages of D. melanogaster have distinct utility in anticipating EDL and soleus responses. In summary, spaceflight leads to shared and discrete molecular responses between muscle types and invertebrate models may augment mechanistic knowledge gained from rodent spaceflight and ground-based studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Cahill
- School of Biological Sciences & Institute for Global Food Security, Queens University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5DL, UK; (T.C.); (W.A.d.S.); (G.H.)
| | - Henry Cope
- Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), School of Computer Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2QL, UK;
| | - Joseph J. Bass
- MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2QL, UK; (J.J.B.); (N.J.S.)
| | - Eliah G. Overbey
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA;
| | - Rachel Gilbert
- NASA Ames Research Center, Space Biosciences Division, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA; (R.G.); (A.M.P.); (S.S.R.); (S.V.C.)
- Universities Space Research Association, Columbia, MD 21046, USA
| | - Willian Abraham da Silveira
- School of Biological Sciences & Institute for Global Food Security, Queens University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5DL, UK; (T.C.); (W.A.d.S.); (G.H.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Education, Staffordshire University, Stoke-on-Trent ST4 2DF, UK
| | - Amber M. Paul
- NASA Ames Research Center, Space Biosciences Division, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA; (R.G.); (A.M.P.); (S.S.R.); (S.V.C.)
- Department of Human Factors and Behavioral Neurobiology, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Daytona Beach, FL 32114, USA
- Blue Marble Space Institute of Science, Seattle, WA 98104, USA
| | - Tejaswini Mishra
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA;
| | - Raúl Herranz
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas–CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Sigrid S. Reinsch
- NASA Ames Research Center, Space Biosciences Division, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA; (R.G.); (A.M.P.); (S.S.R.); (S.V.C.)
| | - Sylvain V. Costes
- NASA Ames Research Center, Space Biosciences Division, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA; (R.G.); (A.M.P.); (S.S.R.); (S.V.C.)
| | - Gary Hardiman
- School of Biological Sciences & Institute for Global Food Security, Queens University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5DL, UK; (T.C.); (W.A.d.S.); (G.H.)
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Nathaniel J. Szewczyk
- MRC-Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2QL, UK; (J.J.B.); (N.J.S.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Candice G. T. Tahimic
- NASA Ames Research Center, Space Biosciences Division, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA; (R.G.); (A.M.P.); (S.S.R.); (S.V.C.)
- Department of Biology, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
- Correspondence:
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25
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Renzini A, Riera CS, Minic I, D’Ercole C, Lozanoska-Ochser B, Cedola A, Gigli G, Moresi V, Madaro L. Metabolic Remodeling in Skeletal Muscle Atrophy as a Therapeutic Target. Metabolites 2021; 11:517. [PMID: 34436458 PMCID: PMC8398298 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11080517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is a highly responsive tissue, able to remodel its size and metabolism in response to external demand. Muscle fibers can vary from fast glycolytic to slow oxidative, and their frequency in a specific muscle is tightly regulated by fiber maturation, innervation, or external causes. Atrophic conditions, including aging, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and cancer-induced cachexia, differ in the causative factors and molecular signaling leading to muscle wasting; nevertheless, all of these conditions are characterized by metabolic remodeling, which contributes to the pathological progression of muscle atrophy. Here, we discuss how changes in muscle metabolism can be used as a therapeutic target and review the evidence in support of nutritional interventions and/or physical exercise as tools for counteracting muscle wasting in atrophic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Renzini
- Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.R.); (C.S.R.); (I.M.); (C.D.); (B.L.-O.); (L.M.)
| | - Carles Sánchez Riera
- Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.R.); (C.S.R.); (I.M.); (C.D.); (B.L.-O.); (L.M.)
| | - Isidora Minic
- Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.R.); (C.S.R.); (I.M.); (C.D.); (B.L.-O.); (L.M.)
| | - Chiara D’Ercole
- Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.R.); (C.S.R.); (I.M.); (C.D.); (B.L.-O.); (L.M.)
| | - Biliana Lozanoska-Ochser
- Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.R.); (C.S.R.); (I.M.); (C.D.); (B.L.-O.); (L.M.)
| | - Alessia Cedola
- Institute of Nanotechnology, c/o Dipartimento di Fisica, National Research Council (CNR-NANOTEC), Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Gigli
- Institute of Nanotechnology, c/o Campus Ecotekne, National Research Council (CNR-NANOTEC), Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
| | - Viviana Moresi
- Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.R.); (C.S.R.); (I.M.); (C.D.); (B.L.-O.); (L.M.)
- Institute of Nanotechnology, c/o Dipartimento di Fisica, National Research Council (CNR-NANOTEC), Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Luca Madaro
- Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.R.); (C.S.R.); (I.M.); (C.D.); (B.L.-O.); (L.M.)
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26
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Metabolic Dysfunction in Spinal Muscular Atrophy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115913. [PMID: 34072857 PMCID: PMC8198411 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder leading to paralysis, muscle atrophy, and death. Significant advances in antisense oligonucleotide treatment and gene therapy have made it possible for SMA patients to benefit from improvements in many aspects of the once devastating natural history of the disease. How the depletion of survival motor neuron (SMN) protein, the product of the gene implicated in the disease, leads to the consequent pathogenic changes remains unresolved. Over the past few years, evidence toward a potential contribution of gastrointestinal, metabolic, and endocrine defects to disease phenotype has surfaced. These findings ranged from disrupted body composition, gastrointestinal tract, fatty acid, glucose, amino acid, and hormonal regulation. Together, these changes could have a meaningful clinical impact on disease traits. However, it is currently unclear whether these findings are secondary to widespread denervation or unique to the SMA phenotype. This review provides an in-depth account of metabolism-related research available to date, with a discussion of unique features compared to other motor neuron and related disorders.
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27
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Do Markers of Inflammation and/or Muscle Regeneration in Lumbar Multifidus Muscle and Fat Differ Between Individuals with Good or Poor Outcome Following Microdiscectomy for Lumbar Disc Herniation? Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2021; 46:678-686. [PMID: 33290379 DOI: 10.1097/brs.0000000000003863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Observational study. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate whether inflammatory and/or muscle regeneration markers in paraspinal tissues (multifidus muscle/fat) during microdiscectomy surgery in patients with lumbar disc herniation (LDH) with radiculopathy, differ between individuals with good or poor outcome. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Structural back muscle changes, including fat infiltration, muscle atrophy, and fiber changes, are ubiquitous with LBP and are thought to be regulated by inflammatory and regeneration processes. Muscle changes might be relevant for recovery after microdiscectomy, but a link between expression of inflammatory and muscle regeneration genes in paraspinal tissues and clinical outcome has not been tested. METHOD Paraspinal tissues from deep multifidus muscles and fat (intramuscular, sub-cutaneous, epidural) were harvested from twenty-one patients with LDH undergoing microdiscectomy surgery. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) measured expression of 10 genes. Outcome was defined as good (visual analogue scale (VAS) low back pain (LBP)+) or poor (VAS LBP-) by an improvement of >33% or ≤33% on the pain VAS, respectively. Good functional improvement was defined as 25% improvement on the physical functioning scale (PFS). RESULTS Brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in deep multifidus was 91% lower (P = 0.014) in the VAS LBP- than VAS LBP+ group. Expression of interleukin-1β in subcutaneous fat was 48% higher (P = 0.026) in the VAS LBP- than VAS LBP+ group. No markers differed based on PFS. CONCLUSION Results show a relationship between impaired muscle regeneration profile in multifidus muscle and poor outcome following microdiscectomy for LDH. Inflammatory dysregulation in subcutaneous fat overlying the back region might predict poor surgical outcome.Level of Evidence: 4.
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28
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Williams SA, Stott NS, Valentine J, Elliott C, Reid SL. Measuring skeletal muscle morphology and architecture with imaging modalities in children with cerebral palsy: a scoping review. Dev Med Child Neurol 2021; 63:263-273. [PMID: 33107594 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.14714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the use of ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methodologies to assess muscle morphology and architecture in children with cerebral palsy (CP). METHOD A scoping review was conducted with systematic searches of Medline, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and PsycInfo for all original articles published up to January 2019 utilizing ultrasound and/or MRI to determine morphological and architectural properties of lower limb skeletal muscle in children with CP. RESULTS Eighty papers used ultrasound (n=44), three-dimensional ultrasound (n=16), or MRI (n=20) to measure at least one muscle parameter in children and adolescents with CP. Most research investigated single muscles, predominantly the medial gastrocnemius muscle, included children classified in Gross Motor Function Classification System levels I (n=62) and II (n=65), and assessed fascicle length (n=35) and/or muscle volume (n=35). Only 21 papers reported reliability of imaging techniques. Forty-six papers assessed measures of Impairment (n=39), Activity (n=24), and Participation (n=3). INTERPRETATION Current research study design, variation in methodology, and preferences towards investigation of isolated muscles may oversimplify the complexities of CP muscle but provide a foundation for the understanding of the changes in muscle parameters in children with CP. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS Current evidence is biased towards the medial gastrocnemius muscle and more functionally able children with cerebral palsy (CP). Variations in imaging techniques and joint positioning limit comparisons between studies. Clinimetric testing of parameters of CP muscle is not always considered. Assessment of parameter(s) of muscle with measures of participation is sparse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sîan A Williams
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Surgery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - N Susan Stott
- Department of Surgery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Starship Child Health, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jane Valentine
- Kids Rehab WA, Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Catherine Elliott
- Kids Rehab WA, Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Occupational Therapy, Social Work and Speech Pathology, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Siobhán L Reid
- School of Sport Science, Exercise and Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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29
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Liu F, Wanigatunga AA, Zampino M, Knuth ND, Simonsick EM, Schrack JA, Ferrucci L. Association of Mitochondrial Function, Substrate Utilization, and Anaerobic Metabolism With Age-Related Perceived Fatigability. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 76:426-433. [PMID: 32803242 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaa201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous work has shown that poorer mitochondrial function is associated with age-related perceived fatigability. However, whether glucose oxidation and anaerobic metabolism are intermediate factors underlying this association remains unclear. We examined the total cross-sectional association between mitochondrial function and perceived fatigability in 554 adults aged 22-99 years. Mitochondrial function was assessed by skeletal muscle oxidative capacity (kPCr) using 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Perceived fatigability was measured by rating of perceived exertion after a 5-minute (0.67 m/s) treadmill walk. The intermediate role of glucose oxidation (measured by the rate of change of respiratory exchange ratio [RER change rate] during the 5-minute treadmill walk) and anaerobic metabolism (measured by ventilatory threshold [VeT] during a maximal treadmill test) was evaluated by examining their cross-sectional associations with kPCr and perceived exertion. For each 0.01/s lower kPCr, perceived fatigability was 0.47 points higher (p = .002). A 0.01/s lower kPCr was also associated with 8.3 L/min lower VeT (p < .001). Lower VeT was associated with higher fatigability at lower levels of kPCr but not at higher kPCr levels (β for interaction = 0.017, p = .002). kPCr and RER change rate were not significantly associated (p = .341), but a 0.01/min higher RER change rate was associated with 0.12-point higher fatigability (p = .001). Poorer mitochondrial function potentially contributes to higher perceived fatigability through higher glucose oxidation and higher anaerobic metabolism. Future studies to further explore the longitudinal mechanisms between these metabolic changes and fatigability are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyu Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.,Center on Aging and Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Amal A Wanigatunga
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.,Center on Aging and Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Marta Zampino
- National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Eleanor M Simonsick
- National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jennifer A Schrack
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.,Center on Aging and Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland
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30
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Bertile F, Habold C, Le Maho Y, Giroud S. Body Protein Sparing in Hibernators: A Source for Biomedical Innovation. Front Physiol 2021; 12:634953. [PMID: 33679446 PMCID: PMC7930392 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.634953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteins are not only the major structural components of living cells but also ensure essential physiological functions within the organism. Any change in protein abundance and/or structure is at risk for the proper body functioning and/or survival of organisms. Death following starvation is attributed to a loss of about half of total body proteins, and body protein loss induced by muscle disuse is responsible for major metabolic disorders in immobilized patients, and sedentary or elderly people. Basic knowledge of the molecular and cellular mechanisms that control proteostasis is continuously growing. Yet, finding and developing efficient treatments to limit body/muscle protein loss in humans remain a medical challenge, physical exercise and nutritional programs managing to only partially compensate for it. This is notably a major challenge for the treatment of obesity, where therapies should promote fat loss while preserving body proteins. In this context, hibernating species preserve their lean body mass, including muscles, despite total physical inactivity and low energy consumption during torpor, a state of drastic reduction in metabolic rate associated with a more or less pronounced hypothermia. The present review introduces metabolic, physiological, and behavioral adaptations, e.g., energetics, body temperature, and nutrition, of the torpor or hibernation phenotype from small to large mammals. Hibernating strategies could be linked to allometry aspects, the need for periodic rewarming from torpor, and/or the ability of animals to fast for more or less time, thus determining the capacity of individuals to save proteins. Both fat- and food-storing hibernators rely mostly on their body fat reserves during the torpid state, while minimizing body protein utilization. A number of them may also replenish lost proteins during arousals by consuming food. The review takes stock of the physiological, molecular, and cellular mechanisms that promote body protein and muscle sparing during the inactive state of hibernation. Finally, the review outlines how the detailed understanding of these mechanisms at play in various hibernators is expected to provide innovative solutions to fight human muscle atrophy, to better help the management of obese patients, or to improve the ex vivo preservation of organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrice Bertile
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Bio-Organique, Strasbourg, France
| | - Caroline Habold
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, Ecology, Physiology & Ethology Department, Strasbourg, France
| | - Yvon Le Maho
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, Ecology, Physiology & Ethology Department, Strasbourg, France.,Centre Scientifique de Monaco, Monaco, Monaco
| | - Sylvain Giroud
- Research Institute of Wildlife Ecology, Department of Interdisciplinary Life Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Manfredini F, Straudi S, Lamberti N, Patergnani S, Tisato V, Secchiero P, Bernardi F, Ziliotto N, Marchetti G, Basaglia N, Bonora M, Pinton P. Rehabilitation Improves Mitochondrial Energetics in Progressive Multiple Sclerosis: The Significant Role of Robot-Assisted Gait Training and of the Personalized Intensity. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10100834. [PMID: 33080806 PMCID: PMC7602995 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10100834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal levels of pyruvate and lactate were reported in multiple sclerosis (MS). We studied the response of markers of mitochondrial function to rehabilitation in relation to type, intensity and endurance performance in severely disabled MS patients. Forty-six progressive MS patients were randomized to receive 12 walking sessions of robot-assisted gait training (RAGT, n = 23) or conventional overground therapy (CT, n = 23). Ten healthy subjects were also studied. Blood samples were collected to determine lactate, pyruvate, and glutathione levels and lactate/pyruvate ratio pre–post rehabilitation. In vivo muscle metabolism and endurance walking capacity were assessed by resting muscle oxygen consumption (rmVO2) using near-infrared spectroscopy and by six-minute walking distance (6MWD), respectively. The levels of mitochondrial biomarkers and rmVO2, altered at baseline with respect to healthy subjects, improved after rehabilitation in the whole population. In the two groups, an enhanced response was observed after RAGT compared to CT for lactate (p = 0.012), glutathione (<0.001), lactate/pyruvate ratio (p = 0.08) and rmVO2 (p = 0.07). Metabolic biomarkers and 6MWD improvements were exclusively correlated with a training speed markedly below individual gait speed. In severely disabled MS patients, rehabilitation rebalanced altered serum metabolic and muscle parameters, with RAGT being more effective than CT. A determinable slow training speed was associated with better metabolic and functional recovery. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02421731.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Manfredini
- Department of Neuroscience and rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.M.); (G.M.)
- Department of Neuroscience/Rehabilitation, Unit of Rehabilitation Medicine, University Hospital of Ferrara, 44124 Ferrara, Italy; (S.S.); (N.B.)
| | - Sofia Straudi
- Department of Neuroscience/Rehabilitation, Unit of Rehabilitation Medicine, University Hospital of Ferrara, 44124 Ferrara, Italy; (S.S.); (N.B.)
| | - Nicola Lamberti
- Department of Neuroscience and rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.M.); (G.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0532-236187
| | - Simone Patergnani
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (S.P.); (M.B.); (P.P.)
| | - Veronica Tisato
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (V.T.); (P.S.)
| | - Paola Secchiero
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (V.T.); (P.S.)
| | - Francesco Bernardi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Nicole Ziliotto
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy;
| | - Giovanna Marchetti
- Department of Neuroscience and rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.M.); (G.M.)
| | - Nino Basaglia
- Department of Neuroscience/Rehabilitation, Unit of Rehabilitation Medicine, University Hospital of Ferrara, 44124 Ferrara, Italy; (S.S.); (N.B.)
| | - Massimo Bonora
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (S.P.); (M.B.); (P.P.)
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (S.P.); (M.B.); (P.P.)
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Protein Supplementation Enhances the Effects of Intermittent Loading on Skeletal Muscles by Activating the mTORC1 Signaling Pathway in a Rat Model of Disuse Atrophy. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12092729. [PMID: 32906669 PMCID: PMC7551819 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inactivity leads to skeletal muscle atrophy, whereas intermittent loading (IL) during hind limb unloading (HU) attenuates muscle atrophy. However, the combined effects of IL and protein supplementation on disuse muscle atrophy are unclear. Therefore, we investigated the effects of IL and a high-protein oral nutritional supplement (HP) during HU on skeletal muscle mass and protein synthesis/breakdown. Male F344 rats were assigned to the control (CON), 14-day HU (HU), IL during HU (HU + IL), and IL during HU followed by HP administration (2.6 g protein/kg/day; HU + IL + HP) groups. Soleus and gastrocnemius muscles were sampled 30 min after the last IL and HP supplementation. HU decreased relative soleus and gastrocnemius muscle masses. Relative muscle masses and p70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase/ribosomal protein S6 phosphorylation in soleus and gastrocnemius muscles were higher in the HU + IL group than the HU group and further higher in the HU + IL + HP group than the HU + IL group in gastrocnemius muscle. Therefore, protein administration plus IL effectively prevented skeletal muscle atrophy induced by disuse, potentially via enhanced activation of targets downstream of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling pathway.
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Flück M, Fitze D, Ruoss S, Valdivieso P, von Rechenberg B, Bratus-Neuenschwander A, Opitz L, Hu J, Laczko E, Wieser K, Gerber C. Down-Regulation of Mitochondrial Metabolism after Tendon Release Primes Lipid Accumulation in Rotator Cuff Muscle. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 190:1513-1529. [PMID: 32305353 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2020.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Atrophy and fat accumulation are debilitating aspects of muscle diseases and are rarely prevented. Using a vertical approach combining anatomic techniques with omics methodology in a tenotomy-induced sheep model of rotator cuff disease, we tested whether mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in muscle wasting and perturbed lipid metabolism, speculating that both can be prevented by the stimulation of β-oxidation with l-carnitine. The infraspinatus muscle lost 22% of its volume over the first 6 weeks after tenotomy before the area-percentage of lipid increased from 8% to 18% at week 16. Atrophy was associated with the down-regulation of mitochondrial transcripts and protein and a slow-to-fast shift in muscle composition. Correspondingly, amino acid levels were increased 2 weeks after tendon release, when the levels of high-energy phosphates and glycerophospholipids were lowered. l-Carnitine administration (0.9 g/kg per day) prevented atrophy over the first 2 weeks, and mitigated alterations of glutamate, glycerophospholipids, and carnitine levels in released muscle, but did not prevent the level decrease in high-energy phosphates or protein constituents of mitochondrial respiration, promoting the accumulation of longer lipids with an increasing saturation. We conclude that the early phase of infraspinatus muscle degeneration after tendon release involves the elimination of oxidative characteristics associated with an aberrant accumulation of lipid species but is largely unrelated to the prevention of atrophy with oral l-carnitine administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Flück
- Laboratory for Muscle Plasticity, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Daniel Fitze
- Laboratory for Muscle Plasticity, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Severin Ruoss
- Laboratory for Muscle Plasticity, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Paola Valdivieso
- Laboratory for Muscle Plasticity, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Brigitte von Rechenberg
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Competence Center for Applied Biotechnology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Lennart Opitz
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, ETH Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Junmin Hu
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, ETH Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Endre Laczko
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich, ETH Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Karl Wieser
- Department of Orthopedics, Balgrist University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christian Gerber
- Department of Orthopedics, Balgrist University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
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Abstract
Acute periods of contractile inactivity cause skeletal muscle atrophy along with profound alterations in tissue metabolism. Hind limb unloading via tail suspension is a commonly used rodent model of muscle atrophy. Here, we describe a sample preparation and LC-MS/MS approach for quantifying specific panels of acylcarnitines, amino acids, and organic acids in small (~8 mg) samples of atrophied mouse soleus following a period of hind limb unloading.
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Qaisar R, Karim A, Elmoselhi AB. Muscle unloading: A comparison between spaceflight and ground-based models. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2020; 228:e13431. [PMID: 31840423 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Prolonged unloading of skeletal muscle, a common outcome of events such as spaceflight, bed rest and hindlimb unloading, can result in extensive metabolic, structural and functional changes in muscle fibres. With advancement in investigations of cellular and molecular mechanisms, understanding of disuse muscle atrophy has significantly increased. However, substantial gaps exist in our understanding of the processes dictating muscle plasticity during unloading, which prevent us from developing effective interventions to combat muscle loss. This review aims to update the status of knowledge and underlying mechanisms leading to cellular and molecular changes in skeletal muscle during unloading. We have also discussed advances in the understanding of contractile dysfunction during spaceflights and in ground-based models of muscle unloading. Additionally, we have elaborated on potential therapeutic interventions that show promising results in boosting muscle mass and strength during mechanical unloading. Finally, we have identified key gaps in our knowledge as well as possible research direction for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizwan Qaisar
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences College of Medicine University of Sharjah Sharjah UAE
| | - Asima Karim
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences College of Medicine University of Sharjah Sharjah UAE
| | - Adel B. Elmoselhi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences College of Medicine University of Sharjah Sharjah UAE
- Department of Physiology Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA
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Korupolu R, Francisco G, Levin H, Needham D. Rehabilitation of critically Ill COVID-19 survivors. THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF PHYSICAL AND REHABILITATION MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/jisprm.jisprm_8_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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Wang Y, Zhao W, Shi J, Wang J, Hao J, Pang X, Huang X, Chen X, Li Y, Jin R, Ge Q. Intestinal microbiota contributes to altered glucose metabolism in simulated microgravity mouse model. FASEB J 2019; 33:10140-10151. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201900238rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Wang
- Department of ImmunologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesNHC Key Laboratory of Medical ImmunologyPeking University Beijing China
| | - Weijia Zhao
- Department of ImmunologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesNHC Key Laboratory of Medical ImmunologyPeking University Beijing China
| | - Junxiu Shi
- Department of Developmental Cell BiologyKey Laboratory of Cell BiologyMinistry of Public HealthKey Laboratory of Medical Cell BiologyMinistry of EducationChina Medical University Shenyang China
| | - Jiachi Wang
- Department of Developmental Cell BiologyKey Laboratory of Cell BiologyMinistry of Public HealthKey Laboratory of Medical Cell BiologyMinistry of EducationChina Medical University Shenyang China
| | - Jie Hao
- Department of ImmunologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesNHC Key Laboratory of Medical ImmunologyPeking University Beijing China
| | - Xuewen Pang
- Department of ImmunologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesNHC Key Laboratory of Medical ImmunologyPeking University Beijing China
| | - Xiaojun Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell TransplantationPeking University People's HospitalInstitute of Hematology Beijing China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and ApplicationChinese Astronaut Research and Training Center Beijing China
| | - Yongzhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and ApplicationChinese Astronaut Research and Training Center Beijing China
| | - Rong Jin
- Department of ImmunologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesNHC Key Laboratory of Medical ImmunologyPeking University Beijing China
| | - Qing Ge
- Department of ImmunologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesNHC Key Laboratory of Medical ImmunologyPeking University Beijing China
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western MedicineSchool of Basic Medical SciencesPeking University Beijing China
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38
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Ma X, Chang H, Wang Z, Xu S, Peng X, Zhang J, Yan X, Lei T, Wang H, Gao Y. Differential activation of the calpain system involved in individualized adaptation of different fast-twitch muscles in hibernating Daurian ground squirrels. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2019; 127:328-341. [PMID: 31219776 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00124.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined the lateral gastrocnemius (LG), plantaris (PL), and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles to determine whether differential activation of the calpain system is related to the degree of atrophy in these fast-twitch skeletal muscles during hibernation in Daurian ground squirrels (Spermophilus dauricus). Results from morphological indices showed various degrees of atrophy in the order LG > PL > EDL. Furthermore, all three muscles underwent fast-to-slow fiber-type conversion in hibernation. In regard to the calpain system in the LG muscle, cytosolic Ca2+ increased significantly in hibernation, followed by recovery in posthibernation. Furthermore, calpastatin expression significantly decreased, and calpain 1 and 2 expression significantly increased, which may be responsible for the increased degradation of desmin during hibernation compared with that during summer activity. In the EDL muscle, Ca2+ overload was observed during interbout arousal, and calpastatin showed an increase during hibernation and interbout arousal, which could explain the increased levels of troponin T during both periods compared with levels during summer activity. These findings suggest that cytosolic Ca2+ overload and subsequent calpain 1 and 2 activation may be an important mechanism of LG muscle atrophy during hibernation. Cytosolic Ca2+ homeostasis and high expression of calpain inhibitor calpastatin during hibernation may also be an important mechanism for the EDL muscle to maintain muscle mass. Thus, the differential activation of the calpain system and selective degradation of downstream substrates may be involved in muscle atrophy of different fast-twitch muscles during hibernation.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We found that the extent of both muscle atrophy and calpain system activation differed in fast-twitch lateral gastrocnemius (LG), plantaris (PL), and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) skeletal muscles in hibernating Daurian ground squirrels, but similar hierarchies in the order of LG > PL > EDL. The differential activation of the calpain system and selective degradation of downstream substrates may be involved in muscle atrophy in different fast-twitch muscles during hibernation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiufeng Ma
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China
| | - Hui Chang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China
| | - Shenhui Xu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin Peng
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China
| | - Xia Yan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China
| | - Tingyun Lei
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China
| | - Huiping Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China
| | - Yunfang Gao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China
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Buso A, Comelli M, Picco R, Isola M, Magnesa B, Pišot R, Rittweger J, Salvadego D, Šimunič B, Grassi B, Mavelli I. Mitochondrial Adaptations in Elderly and Young Men Skeletal Muscle Following 2 Weeks of Bed Rest and Rehabilitation. Front Physiol 2019; 10:474. [PMID: 31118897 PMCID: PMC6504794 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the expression levels of proteins related to mitochondrial biogenesis regulation and bioenergetics in vastus lateralis muscle biopsies from 16 elderly and 7 young people subjected to 14 days of bed-rest, causing atrophy, and subsequent 14 days of exercise training. Based on quantitative immunoblot analyses, in both groups a reduction of two key regulators of mitochondrial biogenesis/remodeling and activity, namely PGC-1α and Sirt3, was revealed during bed-rest, with a subsequent up-regulation after rehabilitation, indicating an involvement of PGC-1α-Sirt3 axis in response to the treatments. A difference was observed comparing the young and elderly subjects as, for both proteins, the abundance in the elderly was more affected by immobility and less responsive to exercise. The expression levels of TOM20 and Citrate Synthase, assayed as markers of outer mitochondrial membrane and mitochondrial mass, showed a noticeable sensitivity in the elderly group, where they were affected by bed-rest and rehabilitation recalling the pattern of PGC-1α. TOM20 and CS remained unchanged in young subjects. Single OXPHOS complexes showed peculiar patterns, which were in some cases dissimilar from PGC-1α, and suggest different influences on protein biogenesis and degradation. Overall, exercise was capable to counteract the effect of immobility, when present, except for complex V, which was markedly downregulated by bed-rest, but remained unaffected after rehabilitation, maybe as result of greater extent of degradation processes over biogenesis. Phosphorylation extent of AMPK, and its upstream activator LKB1, did not change after bed-rest and rehabilitation in either young or elderly subjects, suggesting that the activation of energy-sensing LKB1-AMPK signaling pathway was “missed” due to its transient nature, or was not triggered under our conditions. Our study demonstrates that, as far as the expression of various proteins related to mitochondrial biogenesis/remodeling, adaptations to bed-rest and rehabilitation in the two populations were different. The impact of bed-rest was greater in the elderly subjects, where the pattern (decrease after bed rest and recovery following rehabilitation) was accompanied by changes of mitochondrial mass. Modifications of protein abundance were matched with data obtained from gene expression analyses of four public human datasets focusing on related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Buso
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Marina Comelli
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | | | - Miriam Isola
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | | | - Rado Pišot
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre, Koper, Slovenia
| | - Joern Rittweger
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Cologne, Germany
| | - Desy Salvadego
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Boštjan Šimunič
- Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre, Koper, Slovenia
| | - Bruno Grassi
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy.,Institute of Bioimaging and Molecular Physiology, National Research Council, Milan, Italy
| | - Irene Mavelli
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy.,INBB Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Rome, Italy
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Xiao J, Caan BJ, Cespedes Feliciano EM, Meyerhardt JA, Kroenke CH, Baracos VE, Weltzien E, Kwan ML, Alexeeff SE, Castillo AL, Prado CM. The association of medical and demographic characteristics with sarcopenia and low muscle radiodensity in patients with nonmetastatic colorectal cancer. Am J Clin Nutr 2019; 109:615-625. [PMID: 30850836 PMCID: PMC6408202 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqy328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia and low skeletal muscle radiodensity (SMD) have been associated with adverse outcomes in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC); however, factors contributing to these 2 muscle abnormalities are unclear. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the association of medical and demographic characteristics with muscle abnormalities among patients with nonmetastatic CRC. METHODS Patients with stage I-III invasive CRC (2006-11) who had diagnostic computed tomography (CT) available from Kaiser Permanente Northern California electronic medical records were included. CT-assessed sarcopenia and low SMD were defined according to optimal stratification. Logistic regressions including age, stage, site, total adipose tissue (TAT), race/ethnicity, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, smoking history, alcohol use, and Charlson Comorbidity Score were performed to identify characteristics associated with muscle abnormalities. RESULTS The study included 3262 patients (49.9% females) with a mean ± SD age of 62.6 ± 11.4 y. Sarcopenia and low SMD were highly prevalent (42.4% and 29.6%, respectively). Age and sex interactions were noted for muscle mass, but not SMD. Age was associated with higher odds of muscle abnormalities in a dose-response manner. Compared with those aged ≤50 y, patients aged 70-80 y had considerably higher odds (OR: 6.19; 95% CI: 4.72, 8.11) of sarcopenia, and low SMD (OR: 17.81; 95% CI: 11.73, 27.03). High TAT was related to a higher odds of low SMD (OR: 9.62; 95% CI: 7.37, 12.56), but lower odds of sarcopenia (OR: 0.59; 95% CI: 0.48, 0.71). Compared with Caucasians, African Americans had lower odds of sarcopenia and low SMD. Patients with a higher neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio had higher odds of having both muscle abnormalities. Patients who were smokers or had any comorbidity had higher odds of low SMD, but not sarcopenia. CONCLUSIONS Muscle abnormalities were common in patients with nonmetastatic CRC, with great variability in muscle mass and SMD across age, TAT, and race/ethnicity. Factors associated with muscle abnormalities may be used to facilitate risk stratification and the guidance of targeted strategies to counteract these abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjie Xiao
- Human Nutrition Research Unit, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science
| | - Bette J Caan
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA
| | | | - Jeffrey A Meyerhardt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Candyce H Kroenke
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA
| | - Vickie E Baracos
- Division of Palliative Care Medicine, Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Erin Weltzien
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA
| | - Marilyn L Kwan
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA
| | - Stacey E Alexeeff
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA
| | | | - Carla M Prado
- Human Nutrition Research Unit, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science
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Mahmassani ZS, Reidy PT, McKenzie AI, Stubben C, Howard MT, Drummond MJ. Disuse-induced insulin resistance susceptibility coincides with a dysregulated skeletal muscle metabolic transcriptome. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2019; 126:1419-1429. [PMID: 30763167 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01093.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Short-term muscle disuse is characterized by skeletal muscle insulin resistance, although this response is divergent across subjects. The mechanisms regulating inactivity-induced insulin resistance between populations that are more or less susceptible to disuse-induced insulin resistance are not known. RNA sequencing was conducted on vastus lateralis muscle biopsies from subjects before and after bed rest (n = 26) to describe the transcriptome of inactivity-induced insulin resistance. Subjects were separated into Low (n = 14) or High (n = 12) Susceptibility Groups based on the magnitude of change in insulin sensitivity after 5 days of bed rest. Both groups became insulin-resistant after bed rest, and there were no differences between groups in nonmetabolic characteristics (body mass, body mass index, fat mass, and lean mass). The High Susceptibility Group had more genes altered >1.5-fold (426 high versus 391 low) and more than twofold (73 high versus 55 low). Twenty-four genes were altered more than twofold in the High Susceptibility Group that did not change in the Low Susceptibility Group. 95 gene changes correlated with the changes in insulin sensitivity; 6 of these genes changed more than twofold in the High Susceptibility Group. Participants in the High Susceptibility Group were uniquely characterized with muscle gene responses described by a decrease in pathways responsible for lipid uptake and oxidation, decreased capacity for triglyceride export (APOB), increased lipogenesis (i.e., PFKFB3, FASN), and increased amino acid export (SLC43A1). These transcriptomic data provide a comprehensive examination of pathways and genes that may be useful biomarkers, or novel targets to offset muscle disuse-induced insulin resistance. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Short-term muscle disuse results in skeletal muscle insulin resistance through mechanisms that are not fully understood. Following a 5-day bed rest intervention, subjects were divided into High and Low Susceptibility Groups to inactivity-induced insulin resistance. This was followed by a genome-wide transcriptional analysis on muscle biopsy samples to gain insight on divergent insulin sensitivity responses. Our primary finding was that the skeletal muscle of subjects who experienced the most inactivity-induced insulin resistance (high susceptibility) was characterized by a decreased preference for lipid oxidation, increased lipogenesis, and increased amino acid export.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziad S Mahmassani
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Paul T Reidy
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Alec I McKenzie
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Chris Stubben
- Bioinformatics Shared Resource at the Huntsman Cancer Institute , Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Michael T Howard
- Department of Genetics, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Micah J Drummond
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, Utah
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Calvani R, Picca A, Marini F, Biancolillo A, Gervasoni J, Persichilli S, Primiano A, Coelho-Junior HJ, Bossola M, Urbani A, Landi F, Bernabei R, Marzetti E. A Distinct Pattern of Circulating Amino Acids Characterizes Older Persons with Physical Frailty and Sarcopenia: Results from the BIOSPHERE Study. Nutrients 2018; 10:E1691. [PMID: 30404172 PMCID: PMC6265849 DOI: 10.3390/nu10111691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical frailty and sarcopenia (PF&S) are hallmarks of aging that share a common pathogenic background. Perturbations in protein/amino acid metabolism may play a role in the development of PF&S. In this initial report, 68 community-dwellers aged 70 years and older, 38 with PF&S and 30 non-sarcopenic, non-frail controls (nonPF&S), were enrolled as part as the "BIOmarkers associated with Sarcopenia and Physical frailty in EldeRly pErsons" (BIOSPHERE) study. A panel of 37 serum amino acids and derivatives was assayed by UPLC-MS. Partial Least Squares⁻Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) was used to characterize the amino acid profile of PF&S. The optimal complexity of the PLS-DA model was found to be three latent variables. The proportion of correct classification was 76.6 ± 3.9% (75.1 ± 4.6% for enrollees with PF&S; 78.5 ± 6.0% for nonPF&S). Older adults with PF&S were characterized by higher levels of asparagine, aspartic acid, citrulline, ethanolamine, glutamic acid, sarcosine, and taurine. The profile of nonPF&S participants was defined by higher concentrations of α-aminobutyric acid and methionine. Distinct profiles of circulating amino acids and derivatives characterize older people with PF&S. The dissection of these patterns may provide novel insights into the role played by protein/amino acid perturbations in the disabling cascade and possible new targets for interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Calvani
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome 00168, Italy.
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy.
| | - Anna Picca
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome 00168, Italy.
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy.
| | - Federico Marini
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00168, Italy.
| | | | - Jacopo Gervasoni
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome 00168, Italy.
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy.
| | - Silvia Persichilli
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome 00168, Italy.
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy.
| | | | - Hélio José Coelho-Junior
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy.
- Applied Kinesiology Laboratory⁻LCA, School of Physical Education, University of Campinas, Campinas-SP 13.083-851, Brazil.
| | - Maurizio Bossola
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome 00168, Italy.
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy.
| | - Andrea Urbani
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome 00168, Italy.
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy.
| | - Francesco Landi
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome 00168, Italy.
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy.
| | - Roberto Bernabei
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome 00168, Italy.
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome 00168, Italy.
| | - Emanuele Marzetti
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome 00168, Italy.
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Yoshiko A, Yamauchi K, Kato T, Ishida K, Koike T, Oshida Y, Akima H. Effects of post-fracture non-weight-bearing immobilization on muscle atrophy, intramuscular and intermuscular adipose tissues in the thigh and calf. Skeletal Radiol 2018; 47:1541-1549. [PMID: 29948037 DOI: 10.1007/s00256-018-2985-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Disuse and/or a non-weight-bearing condition changes muscle composition, with decreased skeletal muscle tissue and increased fat within (intramuscular adipose tissue, IntraMAT) and between (intermuscular adipose tissue, InterMAT) given muscles. Excessive adipose tissue contributes to dysfunctional and metabolically impaired muscle. How these adipose tissues change during orthopedic treatment (e.g., cast immobilization, daily use of crutches) is not well documented. This study aimed to quantify changes in IntraMAT, InterMAT, and thigh and calf muscle tissue during orthopedic treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS We studied 8 patients with fifth metatarsal bone or fibular fractures. The ankle joint involved underwent plaster casting for approximately 4 weeks, with crutches used during that time. Axial T1-weighted MRI at the mid-thigh and a 30% proximal site at the calf were obtained to measure IntraMAT and InterMAT cross-sectional areas (CSAs) and skeletal muscle tissue CSA before treatment and 4 weeks afterward. RESULTS Thigh and calf muscle tissue CSAs were significantly decreased from before to after treatment: thigh, 85.8 ± 7.6 to 77.1 ± 7.3 cm2; calf, 53.3 ± 5.5 to 48.9 ± 5.0 cm2 (p < 0.05). None of the IntraMAT or InterMAT changes was statistically significant. There was a relation between the percentage change of thigh IntraMAT CSA and muscle tissue CSA (rs = -0.86, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The 4 weeks of treatment primarily induced skeletal muscle atrophy with less of an effect on IntraMAT or InterMAT. There is a risk of increasing IntraMAT relatively by decreasing skeletal muscle tissue size during orthopedic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akito Yoshiko
- Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.
| | - Koun Yamauchi
- Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Akita Hospital, Chiryu, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kato
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Akita Hospital, Chiryu, Japan
| | - Koji Ishida
- Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Research Center of Health, Physical Fitness & Sports, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Teruhiko Koike
- Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Research Center of Health, Physical Fitness & Sports, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Oshida
- Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Research Center of Health, Physical Fitness & Sports, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Akima
- Research Center of Health, Physical Fitness & Sports, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Graduate School of Education and Human Development, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
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Kaur N, Gupta P, Saini V, Sherawat S, Gupta S, Dua A, Kumar V, Injeti E, Mittal A. Cinnamaldehyde regulates H 2 O 2 -induced skeletal muscle atrophy by ameliorating the proteolytic and antioxidant defense systems. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:6194-6208. [PMID: 30317570 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy/wasting is associated with impaired protein metabolism in diverse physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), disturbed redox status, and weakened antioxidant defense system are the major contributing factors toward atrophy. Regulation of protein metabolism by controlling ROS levels and its associated catabolic pathways may help in treating atrophy and related clinical conditions. Although cinnamaldehyde (CNA) enjoys the established status of antioxidant and its role in ROS management is reported, impact of CNA on skeletal muscle atrophy and related pathways is still unexplored. In the current study, the impact of CNA on C2C12 myotubes and the possible protection of cultured cells from H 2 O 2 -induced atrophy is examined. Myotubes were treated with H 2 O 2 in the presence and absence of CNA and the changes in the antioxidative, proteolytic systems, and mitochondrial functions were scored. Morphological analysis showed significant protective effects of CNA on length, diameter, and nuclei fusion index of myotubes. The evaluation of biochemical markers of atrophy; creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase along with the study of muscle-specific structural protein (i.e., myosin heavy chain-fast [MHCf] type) showed significant protection of proteins by CNA. CNA pretreatment not only checked the activation of proteolytic systems (ubiquitin-proteasome E3-ligases [MuRF1/Atrogin1]), autophagy [Beclin1/LC3B], cathepsin L, calpain, caspase), but also prevented any alteration in the activities of antioxidative defense enzymes (catalase, glutathione- S-transferase, glutathione-peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase). The results suggest that CNA protects myotubes from H 2 O 2 -induced atrophy by inhibiting/resisting the amendments in proteolytic systems and maintains cellular redox-balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirmaljeet Kaur
- Skeletal Muscle Lab, University College, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India
| | - Prachi Gupta
- Skeletal Muscle Lab, University College, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India
| | - Vikram Saini
- Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sandeep Sherawat
- Skeletal Muscle Lab, University College, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India
| | - Sanjeev Gupta
- Skeletal Muscle Lab, University College, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India
| | - Anita Dua
- Skeletal Muscle Lab, University College, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, M.M. University, Ambala, India
| | - Elisha Injeti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Cedarville University, Cedarville, Ohio
| | - Ashwani Mittal
- Skeletal Muscle Lab, University College, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, India
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Wong Vega M, Beer S, Juarez M, Srivaths PR. Malnutrition Risk in Hospitalized Children: A Descriptive Study of Malnutrition-Related Characteristics and Development of a Pilot Pediatric Risk-Assessment Tool. Nutr Clin Pract 2018; 34:406-413. [PMID: 30294809 DOI: 10.1002/ncp.10200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Underrecognition of pediatric malnutrition may affect nutrition interventions and outcomes. Pediatric malnutrition uses more specific etiology-based criteria but lacks clarity in implementation guidelines. Study goals were to identify malnutrition and risk among hospitalized patients, characterize malnutrition risk factors, and assess reliability of criteria against outcome measures. MATERIALS AND METHODS All children 44 weeks postmenstrual age-18 years, admitted for 48 hours during a 16-day period, were included (n = 528). Trained dietitians assessed patients in physical assessments (PA), growth, energy intake, increased nutrient losses (IL), altered absorption of nutrients (AA), hypermetabolism and inflammation, laboratory information, micronutrient deficiency, and functional status. Outcome data assessed were length of stay (LOS), intensive care unit (ICU) LOS, ventilation days, nutrition support, and dietitian intervention. RESULTS Malnutrition prevalence upon admission was 19.7%. Weight/length or BMI/age z-score (ZS) had no effect on LOS. AA and IL upon admission were independently associated with malnutrition (both, P<.01). Wasting and hypermetabolism were independently associated with longer LOS (P<.01). Other factors associated with longer LOS included IL and inflammation (P < .05). Those with hypermetabolism had significant ZS improvements if followed by a dietitian (P < .05). Wasting via PA was the only factor associated with longer ICU LOS (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Identification of risk factors (wasting, hypermetabolism, AA, IL) beyond anthropometrics to define malnutrition and risk is important in prioritizing care in a tertiary pediatric facility. Of great significance is the ability of dietitian-based PA to predict LOS and need for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly Wong Vega
- Renal Section, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Stacey Beer
- Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Section, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Marisa Juarez
- Renal Section, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Poyyapakkam R Srivaths
- Renal Section, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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Rittweger J, Albracht K, Flück M, Ruoss S, Brocca L, Longa E, Moriggi M, Seynnes O, Di Giulio I, Tenori L, Vignoli A, Capri M, Gelfi C, Luchinat C, Francheschi C, Bottinelli R, Cerretelli P, Narici M. Sarcolab pilot study into skeletal muscle's adaptation to long-term spaceflight. NPJ Microgravity 2018; 4:18. [PMID: 30246141 PMCID: PMC6141586 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-018-0052-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Spaceflight causes muscle wasting. The Sarcolab pilot study investigated two astronauts with regards to plantar flexor muscle size, architecture, and function, and to the underlying molecular adaptations in order to further the understanding of muscular responses to spaceflight and exercise countermeasures. Two crew members (A and B) spent 6 months in space. Crew member A trained less vigorously than B. Postflight, A showed substantial decrements in plantar flexor volume, muscle architecture, in strength and in fiber contractility, which was strongly mitigated in B. The difference between these crew members closely reflected FAK-Y397 abundance, a molecular marker of muscle's loading history. Moreover, crew member A showed downregulation of contractile proteins and enzymes of anaerobic metabolism, as well as of systemic markers of energy and protein metabolism. However, both crew members exhibited decrements in muscular aerobic metabolism and phosphate high energy transfer. We conclude that countermeasures can be effective, particularly when resistive forces are of sufficient magnitude. However, to fully prevent space-related muscular deterioration, intersubject variability must be understood, and intensive exercise countermeasures programs seem mandatory. Finally, proteomic and metabolomic analyses suggest that exercise benefits in space may go beyond mere maintenance of muscle mass, but rather extend to the level of organismic metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörn Rittweger
- 1Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Cologne, Germany.,2Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Kirsten Albracht
- 3Faculty of Medical Engineering and Technomathematics, FH Aachen University of Applied Science Aachen, Aachen, Germany.,4Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics, German Sport University, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martin Flück
- 5Department of Orthopaedics, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Severin Ruoss
- 5Department of Orthopaedics, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Lorenza Brocca
- 6Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Emanuela Longa
- 6Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Olivier Seynnes
- 8Department of Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Irene Di Giulio
- 9Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Leonardo Tenori
- 10Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessia Vignoli
- CERM Centro di Ricerca di Risonanze Magnetiche, Florence, Italy
| | - Miriam Capri
- 12Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cecilia Gelfi
- 13Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Claudio Francheschi
- 12Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Roberto Bottinelli
- 6Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,14Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri (IRCSS), Scientific Institute of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Marco Narici
- 15Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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47
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Kneppers A, Leermakers P, Pansters N, Backx E, Gosker H, van Loon L, Schols A, Langen R, Verdijk L. Coordinated regulation of skeletal muscle mass and metabolic plasticity during recovery from disuse. FASEB J 2018; 33:1288-1298. [PMID: 30133324 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201701403rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle regeneration after disuse is essential for muscle maintenance and involves the regulation of both mass- and metabolic plasticity-related processes. However, the relation between these processes during recovery from disuse remains unclear. In this study, we explored the potential interrelationship between the molecular regulation of muscle mass and oxidative metabolism during recovery from disuse. Molecular profiles were measured in biopsies from the vastus lateralis of healthy men after 1-leg cast immobilization and after 1 wk reloading, and in mouse gastrocnemius obtained before and after hindlimb suspension and during reloading (RL-1, -2, -3, -5, and -8 d). Cluster analysis of the human recovery response revealed correlations between myogenesis and autophagy markers in 2 clusters, which were distinguished by the presence of markers of early myogenesis, autophagosome formation, and mitochondrial turnover vs. markers of late myogenesis, autophagy initiation, and mitochondrial mass. In line with these findings, an early transient increase in B-cell lymphoma-2 interacting protein-3 and sequestosome-1 protein, and GABA type A receptor-associated protein like-1 protein and mRNA and a late increase in myomaker and myosin heavy chain-8 mRNA, microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3-II:I ratio, and FUN14 domain-containing-1 mRNA and protein were observed in mice. In summary, the regulatory profiles of protein, mitochondrial, and myonuclear turnover are correlated and temporally associated, suggesting a coordinated regulation of muscle mass- and oxidative metabolism-related processes during recovery from disuse.-Kneppers, A., Leermakers, P., Pansters, N., Backx, E., Gosker, H., van Loon, L., Schols, A., Langen, R., Verdijk, L. Coordinated regulation of skeletal muscle mass and metabolic plasticity during recovery from disuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Kneppers
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands; and
| | - Pieter Leermakers
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands; and
| | - Nicholas Pansters
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands; and
| | - Evelien Backx
- Department of Human Biology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Harry Gosker
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands; and
| | - Luc van Loon
- Department of Human Biology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Annemie Schols
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands; and
| | - Ramon Langen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands; and
| | - Lex Verdijk
- Department of Human Biology, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Xiao J, Caan BJ, Weltzien E, Cespedes Feliciano EM, Kroenke CH, Meyerhardt JA, Baracos VE, Kwan ML, Castillo AL, Prado CM. Associations of pre-existing co-morbidities with skeletal muscle mass and radiodensity in patients with non-metastatic colorectal cancer. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2018; 9:654-663. [PMID: 29675984 PMCID: PMC6104112 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Co-morbidities and computerized tomography-measured muscle abnormalities are both common in cancer patients and independently adversely influence clinical outcomes. Muscle abnormalities are also evident in other diseases, such as diabetes and obesity. This study examined for the first time the association between co-morbidities and muscle abnormalities in patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS This cross-sectional study included 3051 non-metastatic patients with Stages I-III CRC. Muscle abnormalities, measured at diagnosis, were defined as low skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) or low skeletal muscle radiodensity (SMD) quantified using computerized tomography images using optimal stratification. Co-morbidities included in the Charlson index were ascertained. χ2 tests were used to compare the prevalence of co-morbidities by the presence or absence of each muscle abnormality. Logistic regressions were performed to evaluate which co-morbidities predicted muscle abnormalities adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, weight change, cancer stage, cancer site, race/ethnicity, and smoking. RESULTS Mean age was 63 years; 50% of patients were male. The prevalence of low SMI and low SMD were 43.1% and 30.2%, respectively. Co-morbidities examined were more prevalent in patients with low SMD than in those with normal SMD, and most remained independent predictors of low SMD after adjustment for covariates. Co-morbidities associated with higher odds of low SMD included myocardial infarction [odds ratio (OR) = 1.77, P = 0.023], congestive heart failure (OR = 3.27, P < 0.001), peripheral vascular disease (OR = 2.15, P = 0.002), diabetes with or without complications (OR = 1.61, P = 0.008; OR = 1.46, P = 0.003, respectively), and renal disease (OR = 2.21, P < 0.001). By contrast, only diabetes with complications was associated with lower odds of low SMI (OR = 0.64, P = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS Prevalence of muscle abnormalities was high in patients with non-metastatic CRC. Pre-existing co-morbidities were associated with low SMD, suggestive of a potential shared mechanism between fat infiltration into muscle and each of these co-morbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjie Xiao
- Human Nutrition Research Unit, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional ScienceUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | - Bette J. Caan
- Division of ResearchKaiser Permanente Northern CaliforniaOaklandCAUSA
| | - Erin Weltzien
- Division of ResearchKaiser Permanente Northern CaliforniaOaklandCAUSA
| | | | | | - Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt
- Department of Medical OncologyDana‐Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Vickie E. Baracos
- Division of Palliative Care Medicine, Department of OncologyUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | - Marilyn L. Kwan
- Division of ResearchKaiser Permanente Northern CaliforniaOaklandCAUSA
| | | | - Carla M. Prado
- Human Nutrition Research Unit, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional ScienceUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada
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Verschuren O, Smorenburg AR, Luiking Y, Bell K, Barber L, Peterson MD. Determinants of muscle preservation in individuals with cerebral palsy across the lifespan: a narrative review of the literature. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2018; 9:453-464. [PMID: 29392922 PMCID: PMC5989853 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In individuals with cerebral palsy (CP), smaller muscle and atrophy are present at young age. Many people with CP also experience a decline in gross motor function as they age, which might be explained by the loss of muscle mass. The clinical observation of muscle wasting has prompted a comparison with sarcopenia in older adults, and the term accelerated musculoskeletal ageing is often used to describe the hallmark phenotype of CP through the lifespan. However, there has been very little research emphasis on the natural history of ageing with CP and even less with respect to the determinants or prevention of muscle loss with CP. Considering the burgeoning interest in the science of muscle preservation, this paper aims to (i) describe the characteristics of accelerated musculoskeletal ageing in people with CP, (ii) describe the pathophysiology of sarcopenia and parallels with CP, and (iii) discuss possible therapeutic approaches, based on established approaches for sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olaf Verschuren
- Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Center of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, De Hoogstraat RehabilitationUniversity Medical Center UtrechtRembrandtkade 10Utrecht3583TMThe Netherlands
| | | | - Yvette Luiking
- Nutricia ResearchAdvanced Medical NutritionUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Kristie Bell
- Child Health Research CentreThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
- Lady Cilento Children's HospitalSouth BrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Lee Barber
- Queensland Cerebral Palsy and Rehabilitation Research Centre, Child Health Research Centre, Faculty of MedicineThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Mark D. Peterson
- Department of Physical Medicine and RehabilitationUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
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50
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Skals S, Vinstrup J, Sundstrup E, Jakobsen MD, Andersen CH, Andersen LL. Shoulder and arm muscle activity during elastic band exercises performed in a hospital bed. PHYSICIAN SPORTSMED 2018; 46:233-241. [PMID: 29451065 DOI: 10.1080/00913847.2018.1441580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Muscle atrophy is a common side-effect of bed rest during hospitalization. However, resistance training may minimize or even prevent these complications. Therefore, we evaluated the efficiency of four upper-body elastic resistance exercises that could be performed while lying or sitting in a hospital bed. METHODS Twenty-two healthy subjects performed three repetitions of each exercise in a supine and seated position with a perceived intensity of 3 (low) and 8 (high) on the Borg CR10 Scale. Surface electromyography was collected from 12 shoulder and arm muscles (e.g. trapezius, deltoideus, and biceps brachii), and normalized to a maximal voluntary isometric contraction (nEMG). RESULTS During all exercises performed at high intensity, moderate (>40%) to high (>60%) levels of nEMG were found for the majority of the analysed muscles, e.g. deltoideus (from 37% to 69%, median 57.5%), trapezius (from 43% to 66%, median 51%), and infraspinatus (from 54% to 66%, median 59%), with the exception of pectoralis major (from 29% to 47%, median 39.5%) and latissimus dorsi (from 15% to 22%, median 18.5%). No significant differences were found between the supine and seated positions for any of the exercises. CONCLUSION This study showed that high levels of shoulder and arm muscle activity can be achieved while lying or sitting in a hospital bed using appropriate exercises with elastic bands. The data presented here can be used by physiotherapists as a guideline for selecting suitable and effective strengthening exercises during in-hospital rehabilitation to counteract bed-rest related muscle atrophy in the upper body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Skals
- a Musculoskeletal Disorders , National Research Centre for the Working Environment , Copenhagen , Denmark.,b Sport Sciences, Department of Health Science and Technology , Aalborg University , Aalborg , Denmark
| | - Jonas Vinstrup
- a Musculoskeletal Disorders , National Research Centre for the Working Environment , Copenhagen , Denmark.,b Sport Sciences, Department of Health Science and Technology , Aalborg University , Aalborg , Denmark
| | - Emil Sundstrup
- a Musculoskeletal Disorders , National Research Centre for the Working Environment , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Markus D Jakobsen
- a Musculoskeletal Disorders , National Research Centre for the Working Environment , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Christoffer H Andersen
- c Department of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health and Technology , Metropolitan University College , Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Lars L Andersen
- a Musculoskeletal Disorders , National Research Centre for the Working Environment , Copenhagen , Denmark.,b Sport Sciences, Department of Health Science and Technology , Aalborg University , Aalborg , Denmark
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