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de Souza Goncalves B, Sangani D, Nayyar A, Puri R, Irtiza M, Nayyar A, Khalyfa A, Sodhi K, Pillai SS. COVID-19-Associated Sepsis: Potential Role of Phytochemicals as Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8481. [PMID: 39126050 PMCID: PMC11312872 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The acute manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) exhibit the hallmarks of sepsis-associated complications that reflect multiple organ failure. The inflammatory cytokine storm accompanied by an imbalance in the pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory host response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection leads to severe and critical septic shock. The sepsis signature in severely afflicted COVID-19 patients includes cellular reprogramming and organ dysfunction that leads to high mortality rates, emphasizing the importance of improved clinical care and advanced therapeutic interventions for sepsis associated with COVID-19. Phytochemicals of functional foods and nutraceutical importance have an incredible impact on the healthcare system, which includes the prevention and/or treatment of chronic diseases. Hence, in the present review, we aim to explore the pathogenesis of sepsis associated with COVID-19 that disrupts the physiological homeostasis of the body, resulting in severe organ damage. Furthermore, we have summarized the diverse pharmacological properties of some potent phytochemicals, which can be used as functional foods as well as nutraceuticals against sepsis-associated complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The phytochemicals explored in this article include quercetin, curcumin, luteolin, apigenin, resveratrol, and naringenin, which are the major phytoconstituents of our daily food intake. We have compiled the findings from various studies, including clinical trials in humans, to explore more into the therapeutic potential of each phytochemical against sepsis and COVID-19, which highlights their possible importance in sepsis-associated COVID-19 pathogenesis. We conclude that our review will open a new research avenue for exploring phytochemical-derived therapeutic agents for preventing or treating the life-threatening complications of sepsis associated with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno de Souza Goncalves
- Department of Surgery, Internal Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (B.d.S.G.); (D.S.); (R.P.); (M.I.); (A.N.); (A.K.); (K.S.)
| | - Darshan Sangani
- Department of Surgery, Internal Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (B.d.S.G.); (D.S.); (R.P.); (M.I.); (A.N.); (A.K.); (K.S.)
| | - Aleen Nayyar
- Department of Medicine, Sharif Medical and Dental College, Lahore 55150, Pakistan;
| | - Raghav Puri
- Department of Surgery, Internal Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (B.d.S.G.); (D.S.); (R.P.); (M.I.); (A.N.); (A.K.); (K.S.)
| | - Mahir Irtiza
- Department of Surgery, Internal Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (B.d.S.G.); (D.S.); (R.P.); (M.I.); (A.N.); (A.K.); (K.S.)
| | - Asma Nayyar
- Department of Surgery, Internal Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (B.d.S.G.); (D.S.); (R.P.); (M.I.); (A.N.); (A.K.); (K.S.)
| | - Abdelnaby Khalyfa
- Department of Surgery, Internal Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (B.d.S.G.); (D.S.); (R.P.); (M.I.); (A.N.); (A.K.); (K.S.)
| | - Komal Sodhi
- Department of Surgery, Internal Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (B.d.S.G.); (D.S.); (R.P.); (M.I.); (A.N.); (A.K.); (K.S.)
| | - Sneha S. Pillai
- Department of Surgery, Internal Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (B.d.S.G.); (D.S.); (R.P.); (M.I.); (A.N.); (A.K.); (K.S.)
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Corbetta P, Lonati E, Pagliari S, Mauri M, Cazzaniga E, Botto L, Campone L, Palestini P, Bulbarelli A. Flavonoids-Enriched Vegetal Extract Prevents the Activation of NFκB Downstream Mechanisms in a Bowel Disease In Vitro Model. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7869. [PMID: 39063111 PMCID: PMC11277009 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) incidence has increased in the last decades due to changes in dietary habits. IBDs are characterized by intestinal epithelial barrier disruption, increased inflammatory mediator production and excessive tissue injury. Since the current treatments are not sufficient to achieve and maintain remission, complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) becomes a primary practice as a co-adjuvant for the therapy. Thus, the intake of functional food enriched in vegetal extracts represents a promising nutritional strategy. This study evaluates the anti-inflammatory effects of artichoke, caihua and fenugreek vegetal extract original blend (ACFB) in an in vitro model of gut barrier mimicking the early acute phases of the disease. Caco2 cells cultured on transwell supports were treated with digested ACFB before exposure to pro-inflammatory cytokines. The pre-treatment counteracts the increase in barrier permeability induced by the inflammatory stimulus, as demonstrated by the evaluation of TEER and CLDN-2 parameters. In parallel, ACFB reduces p65NF-κB pro-inflammatory pathway activation that results in the decrement of COX-2 expression as PGE2 and IL-8 secretion. ACFB properties might be due to the synergistic effects of different flavonoids, indicating it as a valid candidate for new formulation in the prevention/mitigation of non-communicable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Corbetta
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, Italy; (P.C.); (M.M.); (E.C.); (L.B.); (P.P.); (A.B.)
| | - Elena Lonati
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, Italy; (P.C.); (M.M.); (E.C.); (L.B.); (P.P.); (A.B.)
- Bicocca Center of Science and Technology for Food, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milano, Italy;
| | - Stefania Pagliari
- ZooPlantLab, Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milano, Italy;
| | - Mario Mauri
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, Italy; (P.C.); (M.M.); (E.C.); (L.B.); (P.P.); (A.B.)
| | - Emanuela Cazzaniga
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, Italy; (P.C.); (M.M.); (E.C.); (L.B.); (P.P.); (A.B.)
- Bicocca Center of Science and Technology for Food, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milano, Italy;
| | - Laura Botto
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, Italy; (P.C.); (M.M.); (E.C.); (L.B.); (P.P.); (A.B.)
- Bicocca Center of Science and Technology for Food, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milano, Italy;
| | - Luca Campone
- Bicocca Center of Science and Technology for Food, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milano, Italy;
- ZooPlantLab, Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milano, Italy;
| | - Paola Palestini
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, Italy; (P.C.); (M.M.); (E.C.); (L.B.); (P.P.); (A.B.)
- Bicocca Center of Science and Technology for Food, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milano, Italy;
| | - Alessandra Bulbarelli
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, Italy; (P.C.); (M.M.); (E.C.); (L.B.); (P.P.); (A.B.)
- Bicocca Center of Science and Technology for Food, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milano, Italy;
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Alanazi ST, Salama SA, El-Ebiary AM, Altowairqi AK, Alharthi AT, Alzahrani SM, Althagafi SH, Alotaibi RA, Tammam AAE. Targeting SIRT1, NLRP3 inflammasome, and Nrf2 signaling with chrysin alleviates the iron-triggered hepatotoxicity in rats. Toxicology 2024; 504:153766. [PMID: 38432408 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Blood transfusion-requiring diseases such as sickle cell anemia and thalassemia are characterized by an imbalance between iron intake and excretion, resulting in an iron overload (IOL) disorder. Hepatotoxicity is prevalent under the IOL disorder because of the associated hepatocellular redox and inflammatory perturbation. The current work was devoted to investigate the potential protection against the IOL-associated hepatotoxicity using chrysin, a naturally-occurring flavone. IOL model was created in male Wistar rats by intraperitoneal injection of 100 mg/kg elemental iron subdivided on five equal injections; one injection was applied every other day over ten days. Chrysin was administered in a daily dose of 50 mg/kg over the ten-day iron treatment period. On day eleven, blood and liver samples were collected and subjected to histopathological, biochemical, and molecular investigations. Chrysin suppressed the IOL-induced hepatocellular damage as revealed by decreased serum activity of the intracellular liver enzymes and improved liver histological picture. Oxidative damage biomarkers, and pro-inflammatory cytokines were significantly suppressed. Mechanistically, the levels of the redox and inflammation-controlling proteins SIRT1 and PPARγ were efficiently up-regulated. The liver iron load, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and NF-κB acetylation and nuclear shift were significantly suppressed in the iron-intoxicated rats. Equally important, the level of the antioxidant protein Nrf2 and its target HO-1 were up-regulated. In addition, chrysin significantly ameliorated the IOL-induced apoptosis as indicated by reduction in caspase-3 activity and modulation of BAX and Bcl2 protein abundance. Together, these findings highlight the alleviating activity of chrysin against the IOL-associated hepatotoxicity and shed light on the role of SIRT1, NLRP3 inflammasome, and Nrf2 signaling as potential contributing molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samyah T Alanazi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samir A Salama
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ahmed Magdy El-Ebiary
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63511, Egypt
| | | | - Atheer T Alharthi
- College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahad M Alzahrani
- College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shomokh H Althagafi
- College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reema A Alotaibi
- College of Pharmacy, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Abd-Eltawab Tammam
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
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Matić IZ, Mraković A, Rakočević Z, Stoiljković M, Pavlović VB, Momić T. Anticancer effect of novel luteolin capped gold nanoparticles selectively cytotoxic towards human cervical adenocarcinoma HeLa cells: An in vitro approach. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 80:127286. [PMID: 37634345 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although luteolin has been confirmed as potent anticancer agent, its potential application as therapeutic is limited by its water solubility. To overcome this shortcoming nanoparticle technology approach was applied. Owing to their proven low toxicity and the possibility to be easily functionalized gold nanoparticles (AuNP) were the nanosystem of choice used in this study. Novel luteolin capped gold nanoparticles (AuNPL) were synthesized and their anticancer effect towards human cervical adenocarcinoma HeLa cells was investigated in vitro. METHODS AuNPL were synthesized by reducing chloroauric acid by trisodium citrate with subsequent addition of luteoline during synthesis and their physicochemical characterization was done. AuNPL cytotoxicity against HeLa, human malignant melanoma A375, and normal human keratinocytes HaCaT cells was tested by MTT cell survival assay, and their IC50 values were determined. The capability of AuNPL to induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in HeLa cells were demonstrated by flow cytometry. The antioxidant activity of AuNPL was assessed by DPPH· and ABTS·+ scavenging assays. Cytoprotective properties of AuNPL towards HaCaT cells were examined by measuring the physiological and H2O2 induced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels using flow cytometry. Also, genotoxicity of AuNPL in HaCaT cells was investigated by the single cell alkaline comet assay. RESULTS Spherical AuNPL, stable in aqueous solution up to six months at 4 °C were obtained in the synthesis. The selectivity in the cytotoxic action of AuNPL on HeLa and A375 cancer cells compared with their cytotoxicity on normal keratinocytes HaCaT was observed. AuNPL exerted their cytotoxic activity against HeLa cells through accumulation of the cells in the subG1 phase of the cell cycle, inducing the apoptotic cell death mediated by the activation of caspase-3 - 8, and - 9. AuNPL antioxidative potential was confirmed by DPPH· and ABTS·+ scavenging assays. IC50 concentration of AuNPL exerted cytoprotective effect against HaCaT cells by the significant reduction of the physiological intracellular ROS level. Additionally, AuNPL were shown as more cytoprotective towards HaCaT cells then luteolin due to the more successful elimination of H2O2 induced intracellular ROS. Moreover, nontoxic concentrations of AuNPL did not cause considerable DNA damage of HaCaT cells, indicating low genotoxicity of the nanoparticles. CONCLUSION Synthesized AuNPL showed selective cytotoxic activity against HeLa cells, while being nontoxic and cytoprotective against HaCaT cells. The observed findings encourage further investigation of AuNPL as a promising novel anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Z Matić
- Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana Mraković
- VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovića Alasa 12-14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zlatko Rakočević
- VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovića Alasa 12-14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milovan Stoiljković
- VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovića Alasa 12-14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vladimir B Pavlović
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, P.O. Box 127, 11080 Zemun, Serbia
| | - Tatjana Momić
- VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovića Alasa 12-14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
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Raina R, Hussain A, Almutary AG, Haque S, Raza T, D’Souza AC, Subramani S, Sajeevan A. Co-administration of Chrysin and Luteolin with Cisplatin and Topotecan Exhibits a Variable Therapeutic Value in Human Cancer Cells, HeLa. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:41204-41213. [PMID: 37970041 PMCID: PMC10633856 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Combinational treatment is a promising strategy for better cancer treatment outcomes. Chrysin and luteolin have demonstrated effective anticancer activity. Cisplatin and topotecan are commonly used for the treatment of human cancers. However, various side effects including drug resistance are an imperative restriction to use them as pharmacological therapy. Therefore, the aim was to use these agents in combination with flavones for better efficacy. In the present study, it was found that the combination of chrysin and cisplatin and luteolin and cisplatin significantly improved the anticancer effect as both the combinations showed synergistic interactions [combinational index (CI < 1)]. Remarkably, the combination of chrysin and luteolin with topotecan depicted the antagonistic interaction (CI > 1). Further, increased expression of the pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and caspase 8 and the inhibition of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 were instituted in the synergistic doses (chrysin + cisplatin and luteolin + cisplatin), hence promoting apoptosis. Also, it was found that the synergistic combination inhibited the migration of HeLa cells by downregulation of metalloproteases and upregulation of TIMPs. However, there are no significant changes depicted in the antagonistic combinations which support their role in their antagonistic effects. Based on these results, it can be inferred that the two or more drug combinations need to be explored well for their interaction to enhance the therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Raina
- School
of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher
of Education, Academic City 345050, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Arif Hussain
- School
of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher
of Education, Academic City 345050, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdulmajeed G. Almutary
- Department
of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Abu Dhabi University, Khalifa
City, Abu Dhabi 51072, United Arab Emirates
- Department
of Medical Biotechnology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research
and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health
Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tasleem Raza
- Department
of Biochemistry, Era’s Lucknow Medical
College and Hospital, Lucknow 226003, India
| | - Ashley Cletus D’Souza
- School
of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher
of Education, Academic City 345050, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sachin Subramani
- School
of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher
of Education, Academic City 345050, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Akash Sajeevan
- School
of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher
of Education, Academic City 345050, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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Singh G, Varshney V, Goyal A, Ali N, Iqbal M, Kaur I, Vargas-De-La-Cruz C, Behl T. Chrysin restores the cardioprotective effect of ischemic preconditioning in diabetes-challenged rat heart. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22052. [PMID: 38027733 PMCID: PMC10663930 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) is the utmost capable design to achieve protection over ischemia-reperfusion injury (I/R), but this phenomenon gets attenuated during various pathological conditions like diabetes. Chrysin exhibits cardioprotection in various experiments however, its therapeutic potential on IPC-mediated cardioprotection via PI3K-Akt-eNOS pathway in streptozotocin (STZ) triggered diabetes-challenged rat heart is yet to be assessed. For that reason, the experiment has been planned to investigate chrysin's effect on the cardioprotective action of IPC involving the PI3K-Akt-eNOS cascade in rat hearts challenged to diabetes. Methods The project was accomplished through means of absorbance studies for biochemical parameters, infarct size measurement (TTC stain) and coronary flow. Results The findings of the present study revealed that STZ drastically augmented the serum glucose level and the chrysin significantly reversed the IPC-stimulated increased coronary flow, nitrite release, and reduced LDH (lactate dehydrogenase), CK-MB (creatine kinase) activities as well as infarct size in diabetes-induced rat heart. Furthermore, chrysin also reversed the IPC-induced reduction in oxidative stress in an isolated Langendorff's perfused diabetic rat heart. Moreover, four episodes of preconditioning by either PI3K or eNOS inhibitor in chrysin-pretreated diabetic rat hearts significantly abolished the protective effect of chrysin. Conclusion Consequently, these observations suggested that chrysin increases the therapeutic efficiency of IPC in mitigating I/R injury via PI3K-Akt-eNOS signalling in diabetes-challenged rat hearts. Hence, chrysin could be a potential alternative option to IPC in diabetic rat hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geetanjali Singh
- Division of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vibhav Varshney
- Division of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ahsas Goyal
- Division of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nemat Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muzaffar Iqbal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ishnoor Kaur
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glassgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Celia Vargas-De-La-Cruz
- Department of Pharmacology, Bromatology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
- E-Health Research Center, Universidad de Ciencias y Humanidades, Lima, Peru
| | - Tapan Behl
- Amity School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Amity University, Punjab, India
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Zorzi G, Gambini S, Negri S, Guzzo F, Commisso M. Untargeted Metabolomics Analysis of the Orchid Species Oncidium sotoanum Reveals the Presence of Rare Bioactive C-Diglycosylated Chrysin Derivatives. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:655. [PMID: 36771739 PMCID: PMC9920315 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Plants are valuable sources of secondary metabolites with pharmaceutical properties, but only a small proportion of plant life has been actively exploited for medicinal purposes to date. Underexplored plant species are therefore likely to contain novel bioactive compounds. In this study, we investigated the content of secondary metabolites in the flowers, leaves and pseudobulbs of the orchid Oncidium sotoanum using an untargeted metabolomics approach. We observed the strong accumulation of C-diglycosylated chrysin derivatives, which are rarely found in nature. Further characterization revealed evidence of antioxidant activity (FRAP and DPPH assays) and potential activity against neurodegenerative disorders (MAO-B inhibition assay) depending on the specific molecular structure of the metabolites. Natural product bioprospecting in underexplored plant species based on untargeted metabolomics can therefore help to identify novel chemical structures with diverse pharmaceutical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Zorzi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Sofia Gambini
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Stefano Negri
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Flavia Guzzo
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Mauro Commisso
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), 90133 Palermo, Italy
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8
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Pourhossein Alamdary M, Baharfar R, Tavakoli S. Isolation of Secondary Metabolites from Pulicaria gnaphalodes (Vent.) Boiss. and Evaluation of Their anti-Proliferative Activity. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2022.2149933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Robabeh Baharfar
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran
| | - Saeed Tavakoli
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran
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Luteolin and Chrysin Could Prevent E. coli Lipopolysaccharide-Ochratoxin A Combination-Caused Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in In Vitro Porcine Intestinal Model. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12202747. [PMID: 36290134 PMCID: PMC9597822 DOI: 10.3390/ani12202747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ochratoxin A (OTA) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) intake can cause gastrointestinal disorders. Polyphenolic chrysin (CHR) and luteolin (LUT) display anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Porcine intestinal epithelial (jejunal) IPEC-J2 cells were treated with OTA (1 µM, 5 µM and 20 µM), E. coli LPS (10 µg/mL), CHR (1 µM) and LUT (8.7 µM) alone and in their combinations. Cell viabilities (MTS assay) and extracellular (EC) hydrogen-peroxide (H2O2) production (Amplex red method) were evaluated. Intracellular (IC) reactive oxygen species (ROS) were assessed using a 2′-7′dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) procedure. ELISA assay was used to evaluate IL-6 and IL-8 secretion. OTA decreased cell viabilities (p < 0.001) which could not be alleviated by LUT or CHR (p > 0.05); however, EC H2O2 production was successfully suppressed by LUT in IPEC-J2 cells (p < 0.001). OTA with LPS elevated the IC ROS which was counteracted by CHR and LUT (p < 0.001). IL-6 and IL-8 secretion was elevated by LPS + OTA (p < 0.001) which could be inhibited by LUT (p < 0.01 for IL-6; p < 0.001 for IL-8). Based on our results, CHR and LUT exerted beneficial effects on IC ROS levels and on cytokine secretion (LUT) in vitro; thus, they might be used as dietary and feed supplements to avoid OTA- and LPS-related health risks.
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10
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Zhang W, Luo X, Mei YZ, Yang Q, Zhang AY, Chen M, Mei Y, Ma CY, Du YC, Li M, Zhu Q, Sun K, Xu FJ, Dai CC. Priming of rhizobial nodulation signaling in the mycosphere accelerates nodulation of legume hosts. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 235:1212-1230. [PMID: 35488499 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The simultaneous symbiosis of leguminous plants with two root mutualists, endophytic fungi and rhizobia is common in nature, yet how two mutualists interact and co-exist before infecting plants and the concomitant effects on nodulation are less understood. Using a combination of metabolic analysis, fungal deletion mutants and comparative transcriptomics, we demonstrated that Bradyrhizobium and a facultatively biotrophic fungus, Phomopsis liquidambaris, interacted to stimulate fungal flavonoid production, and thereby primed Bradyrhizobial nodulation signaling, enhancing Bradyrhizobial responses to root exudates and leading to early nodulation of peanut (Arachis hypogaea), and such effects were compromised when disturbing fungal flavonoid biosynthesis. Stress sensitivity assays and reactive oxygen species (ROS) determination revealed that flavonoid production acted as a strategy to alleviate hyphal oxidative stress during P. liquidambaris-Bradyrhizobial interactions. By investigating the interactions between P. liquidambaris and a collection of 38 rhizobacteria, from distinct bacterial genera, we additionally showed that the flavonoid-ROS module contributed to the maintenance of fungal and bacterial co-existence, and fungal niche colonization under soil conditions. Our results demonstrate for the first time that rhizobial nodulation signaling can be primed by fungi before symbiosis with host plants and highlight the importance of flavonoid in tripartite interactions between legumes, beneficial fungi and rhizobia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xue Luo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan-Zhen Mei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ai-Yue Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Man Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Mei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chen-Yu Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying-Chun Du
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiang Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fang-Ji Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (SAAS), Jinan, 250100, Shandong, China
| | - Chuan-Chao Dai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
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11
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Improving water dispersibility and bioavailability of luteolin using microemulsion system. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11949. [PMID: 35831358 PMCID: PMC9279404 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16220-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We have studied the physiological effects and health functions of luteolin, especially focusing on its absorption and metabolism. Recent studies have reported the advantages of microemulsion to improve the bioavailability of poorly water-soluble compounds, including luteolin. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the absorption and metabolic profile of luteolin delivered in microemulsion system via oral intake. First, we prepared water-dispersed luteolin (WD-L) using a microemulsion-based delivery system and confirmed that WD-L has superior water dispersibility compared to free luteolin (CO-L) based on their particle size distributions. Following administration of WD-L and CO-L to rats, we detected high level of luteolin-3'-O-β-glucuronide and lower levels of luteolin, luteolin-4'-O-β-glucuronide, and luteolin-7-O-β-glucuronide in plasma from both CO-L and WD-L groups, indicating that the metabolic profile of luteolin was similar for both groups. On top of that, we found a 2.2-fold increase in the plasma area under the curve (AUC) of luteolin-3'-O-β-glucuronide (main luteolin metabolite) in WD-L group (vs. CO-L). Altogether, our results suggested that delivering luteolin by microemulsion system improve its oral bioavailability without affecting its metabolite profile. This evidence thereby provides a solid basis for future application of microemulsion system for optimal delivery of luteolin.
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12
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Li RL, Wang LY, Liu S, Duan HX, Zhang Q, Zhang T, Peng W, Huang Y, Wu C. Natural Flavonoids Derived From Fruits Are Potential Agents Against Atherosclerosis. Front Nutr 2022; 9:862277. [PMID: 35399657 PMCID: PMC8987282 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.862277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, as a chronic inflammatory response, is one of the main causes of cardiovascular diseases. Atherosclerosis is induced by endothelial cell dysfunction, migration and proliferation of smooth muscle cells, accumulation of foam cells and inflammatory response, resulting in plaque accumulation, narrowing and hardening of the artery wall, and ultimately leading to myocardial infarction or sudden death and other serious consequences. Flavonoid is a kind of natural polyphenol compound widely existing in fruits with various structures, mainly including flavonols, flavones, flavanones, flavanols, anthocyanins, isoflavones, and chalcone, etc. Because of its potential health benefits, it is now used in supplements, cosmetics and medicines, and researchers are increasingly paying attention to its role in atherosclerosis. In this paper, we will focus on several important nodes in the development of atherosclerotic disease, including endothelial cell dysfunction, smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation, foam cell accumulation and inflammatory response. At the same time, through the classification of flavonoids from fruits, the role and potential mechanism of flavonoids in atherosclerosis were reviewed, providing a certain direction for the development of fruit flavonoids in the treatment of atherosclerosis drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruo-Lan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling-Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuqin Liu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hu-Xinyue Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Peng,
| | - Yongliang Huang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Yongliang Huang,
| | - Chunjie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Chunjie Wu,
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13
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Jambwa P, Makhubu FN, Matope G, Fouche G, McGaw LJ. Bioassay Guided Fractionation of Senna singueana and Its Potential for Development of Poultry Phytogenic Feed Additives. Front Vet Sci 2022; 8:800272. [PMID: 35097048 PMCID: PMC8793064 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.800272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There has been burgeoning interest in plant-based feed additives following restrictions placed on the use of antibiotic feed additives in many countries. Phytogenic feed additives are recommended to have a range of useful properties to support the growth and development of poultry to a similar level as that obtained by supplementing feed with antibiotics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial, anti-lipoxygenase and antioxidant activity, and in vitro safety of fractions and isolated compounds from leaves of Senna singueana. Antibacterial activities of the fractions and isolated compounds were determined against a panel of bacteria using a two-fold serial microdilution assay and qualitative bioautography assays. Anti-lipoxygenase activity was evaluated using the ferrous oxidation-xylenol orange (FOX) method. Antioxidant activity was assessed qualitatively and quantitatively using radical scavenging assays. Dichloromethane and ethyl acetate fractions from solvent-solvent partitioning had the best antibacterial activity with MIC values ranging from 156 to 313 μg/ml. Fractions obtained from column chromatography had significant to weak antibacterial activity with MIC values ranging from 50 to 1,250 μg/ml. Bioautography showed clear bands of bacterial inhibition, indicating the presence of a number of active compounds in several fractions. The ethyl acetate fraction and all the tested column fractions had potent anti-lipoxygenase activity with IC50 values of ≤2.5 μg/ml which were lower than that of quercetin (positive control), indicating anti-inflammatory potential. The ethyl acetate fraction and several column fractions had powerful antioxidant activity with IC50 values of ≤5 μg/ml in the ABTS assay. Cytotoxicity values against Vero kidney cells ranged from LC50 = 40.0–989.3 μg/ml. Bioassay-guided fractionation led to the isolation and identification of a known bioactive compound, luteolin. S. singueana is a promising candidate for the development of poultry phytogenic feed additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prosper Jambwa
- Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Fikile N. Makhubu
- Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa
| | - Gift Matope
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Gerda Fouche
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa
| | - Lyndy J. McGaw
- Phytomedicine Programme, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa
- *Correspondence: Lyndy J. McGaw
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14
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Yosefi S, Pakdel A, Sameni HR, Semnani V, Bandegi AR. Chrysin-Enhanced Cytotoxicity of 5-Fluorouracil-Based Chemotherapy for Colorectal Cancer in Mice: Investigating its Effects on Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-979020202e19381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sedighe Yosefi
- Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Iran; Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Iran
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15
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Belinskaia DA, Voronina PA, Goncharov NV. Integrative Role of Albumin: Evolutionary, Biochemical and Pathophysiological Aspects. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2021; 57:1419-1448. [PMID: 34955553 PMCID: PMC8685822 DOI: 10.1134/s002209302106020x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Being one of the main proteins in the human body and many
animal species, albumin plays a crucial role in the transport of
various ions, electrically neutral molecules and in maintaining
the colloidal osmotic pressure of the blood. Albumin is able to
bind almost all known drugs, many nutraceuticals and toxic substances,
determining their pharmaco- and toxicokinetics. However, albumin
is not only the passive but also the active participant of the pharmacokinetic
and toxicokinetic processes possessing a number of enzymatic activities.
Due to the thiol group of Cys34, albumin can serve as a trap for
reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, thus participating in redox
processes. The interaction of the protein with blood cells, blood
vessels, and also with tissue cells outside the vascular bed is
of great importance. The interaction of albumin with endothelial glycocalyx
and vascular endothelial cells largely determines its integrative
role. This review provides information of a historical nature, information
on evolutionary changes, inflammatory and antioxidant properties
of albumin, on its structural and functional modifications and their significance
in the pathogenesis of some diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. A. Belinskaia
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary
Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - P. A. Voronina
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary
Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - N. V. Goncharov
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary
Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
- Research Institute of Hygiene,
Occupational Pathology and Human Ecology, p/o Kuzmolovsky, Vsevolozhsky District, Leningrad
Region, Russia
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16
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Serum Albumin in Health and Disease: Esterase, Antioxidant, Transporting and Signaling Properties. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910318. [PMID: 34638659 PMCID: PMC8508759 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Being one of the main proteins in the human body and many animal species, albumin plays a decisive role in the transport of various ions-electrically neutral and charged molecules-and in maintaining the colloidal osmotic pressure of the blood. Albumin is able to bind to almost all known drugs, as well as many nutraceuticals and toxic substances, largely determining their pharmaco- and toxicokinetics. Albumin of humans and respective representatives in cattle and rodents have their own structural features that determine species differences in functional properties. However, albumin is not only passive, but also an active participant of pharmacokinetic and toxicokinetic processes, possessing a number of enzymatic activities. Numerous experiments have shown esterase or pseudoesterase activity of albumin towards a number of endogeneous and exogeneous esters. Due to the free thiol group of Cys34, albumin can serve as a trap for reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, thus participating in redox processes. Glycated albumin makes a significant contribution to the pathogenesis of diabetes and other diseases. The interaction of albumin with blood cells, blood vessels and tissue cells outside the vascular bed is of great importance. Interactions with endothelial glycocalyx and vascular endothelial cells largely determine the integrative role of albumin. This review considers the esterase, antioxidant, transporting and signaling properties of albumin, as well as its structural and functional modifications and their significance in the pathogenesis of certain diseases.
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17
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An updated review on the versatile role of chrysin in neurological diseases: Chemistry, pharmacology, and drug delivery approaches. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 141:111906. [PMID: 34328092 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurological diseases are responsible for a large number of morbidities and mortalities in the world. Flavonoids are phytochemicals that possess various health-promoting impacts. Chrysin, a natural flavonoid isolated from diverse fruits, vegetables, and even mushrooms, has several pharmacological activities comprising antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, anticancer, and neuroprotective effects. The current study was designed to review the relationship between chrysin administration and neurological complications by discussing the feasible mechanism and signaling pathways. Herein, we mentioned the sources, pharmacological properties, chemistry, and drug delivery systems associated with chrysin pharmacotherapy. The role of chrysin was discussed in depression, anxiety, neuroinflammation, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, epilepsy, cerebral ischemia, spinal cord injury, neuropathy, Multiple Sclerosis, and Guillain-Barré Syndrome. The findings indicate that chrysin has protective effects against neurological conditions by modulating oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in animal models. However, more studies should be done to clear the neuroprotective effects of chrysin.
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18
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Talebi M, Talebi M, Farkhondeh T, Simal-Gandara J, Kopustinskiene DM, Bernatoniene J, Samarghandian S. Emerging cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying anticancer indications of chrysin. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:214. [PMID: 33858433 PMCID: PMC8050922 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01906-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chrysin has been shown to exert several beneficial pharmacological activities. Chrysin has anti-cancer, anti-viral, anti-diabetic, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, and renoprotective as well as gastrointestinal, respiratory, reproductive, ocular, and skin protective effects through modulating signaling pathway involved in apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation. In the current review, we discussed the emerging cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying therapeutic indications of chrysin in various cancers. Online databases comprising Scopus, PubMed, Embase, ProQuest, Science Direct, Web of Science, and the search engine Google Scholar were searched for available and eligible research articles. The search was conducted by using MeSH terms and keywords in title, abstract, and keywords. In conclusion, experimental studies indicated that chrysin could ameliorate cancers of the breast, gastrointestinal tract, liver and hepatocytes, bladder, male and female reproductive systems, choroid, respiratory tract, thyroid, skin, eye, brain, blood cells, leukemia, osteoblast, and lymph. However, more studies are needed to enhance the bioavailability of chrysin and evaluate this agent in clinical trial studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Talebi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 1991953381, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Talebi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA
- Food Safety Net Services (FSNS), San Antonio, TX, 78216, USA
| | - Tahereh Farkhondeh
- Cardiovscular Diseases Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, 32004, Ourense, Spain
| | - Dalia M Kopustinskiene
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu pr. 13, 50161, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Jurga Bernatoniene
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu pr. 13, 50161, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.
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19
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Sameni HR, Yosefi S, Alipour M, Pakdel A, Torabizadeh N, Semnani V, Bandegi AR. Co-administration of 5FU and propolis on AOM/DSS induced colorectal cancer in BALB-c mice. Life Sci 2021; 276:119390. [PMID: 33794252 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Currently, the main problems with chemotherapy are its side effects, toxicity, and drug resistance. Propolis has biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. This study aims to examine the combined effects of 5-fluorouracil (5FU) and propolis on colorectal cancer (CRC) in mouse models. MATERIALS AND METHODS The chemical composition of ethanolic extract of propolis was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In this study, 49 male Balb/c mice (16-20 g) were divided in seven groups as a control group and experimental groups (treated and untreated CRC model [azoxymethane + dextran sodium sulfate]). This study was conducted in 8 weeks. To examine the anti-cancer effects of propolis, the number of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) was counted and the pathological lesions in the distal colonic epithelial tissue were diagnosed. In this study, the expression of beta-catenin (β-catenin), induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) proteins, which play a major role in the incidence and progression of cancer, were determined. KEY FINDINGS GC-MS analysis of propolis showed the presence of hydrocarbons, alcohols, ketones, terpenes, phenols, and flavonoids. Administering propolis in combination with 5FU reduced the number of ACFs and pathological lesions in comparison with cancer control groups (p < 0.0001) and 5FU-alone treatment (p < 0.05). The propolis combined with 5FU reduced the expression of Cox-2, iNOS, and β-catenin proteins. SIGNIFICANCE The results showed that propolis increased the efficiency of 5FU and could be taken into account as the adjunct therapy for colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Reza Sameni
- Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Sedighe Yosefi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Marzieh Alipour
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Abbas Pakdel
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Najmeh Torabizadeh
- Laboratory of Food Sciences, Administration of Standards Khorasan Razavi, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vahid Semnani
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Bandegi
- Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
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20
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Sharma T, Kaur Khurana R, Borges B, Kaur R, Katare O, Singh B. An HPTLC densitometric method for simultaneous quantification of sorafenib tosylate and chrysin: Analytical method development, validation and applications. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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21
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Auxtero MD, Chalante S, Abade MR, Jorge R, Fernandes AI. Potential Herb-Drug Interactions in the Management of Age-Related Cognitive Dysfunction. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:124. [PMID: 33478035 PMCID: PMC7835864 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13010124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Late-life mild cognitive impairment and dementia represent a significant burden on healthcare systems and a unique challenge to medicine due to the currently limited treatment options. Plant phytochemicals have been considered in alternative, or complementary, prevention and treatment strategies. Herbals are consumed as such, or as food supplements, whose consumption has recently increased. However, these products are not exempt from adverse effects and pharmacological interactions, presenting a special risk in aged, polymedicated individuals. Understanding pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions is warranted to avoid undesirable adverse drug reactions, which may result in unwanted side-effects or therapeutic failure. The present study reviews the potential interactions between selected bioactive compounds (170) used by seniors for cognitive enhancement and representative drugs of 10 pharmacotherapeutic classes commonly prescribed to the middle-aged adults, often multimorbid and polymedicated, to anticipate and prevent risks arising from their co-administration. A literature review was conducted to identify mutual targets affected (inhibition/induction/substrate), the frequency of which was taken as a measure of potential interaction. Although a limited number of drugs were studied, from this work, interaction with other drugs affecting the same targets may be anticipated and prevented, constituting a valuable tool for healthcare professionals in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria D. Auxtero
- CiiEM, Interdisciplinary Research Centre Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal; (M.D.A.); (S.C.); (M.R.A.); (R.J.)
| | - Susana Chalante
- CiiEM, Interdisciplinary Research Centre Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal; (M.D.A.); (S.C.); (M.R.A.); (R.J.)
| | - Mário R. Abade
- CiiEM, Interdisciplinary Research Centre Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal; (M.D.A.); (S.C.); (M.R.A.); (R.J.)
| | - Rui Jorge
- CiiEM, Interdisciplinary Research Centre Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal; (M.D.A.); (S.C.); (M.R.A.); (R.J.)
- Polytechnic Institute of Santarém, School of Agriculture, Quinta do Galinheiro, 2001-904 Santarém, Portugal
- CIEQV, Life Quality Research Centre, IPSantarém/IPLeiria, Avenida Dr. Mário Soares, 110, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal
| | - Ana I. Fernandes
- CiiEM, Interdisciplinary Research Centre Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal; (M.D.A.); (S.C.); (M.R.A.); (R.J.)
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22
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Jideani AIO, Silungwe H, Takalani T, Omolola AO, Udeh HO, Anyasi TA. Antioxidant-rich natural fruit and vegetable products and human health. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2020.1866597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Afam I. O. Jideani
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, University of Venda, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa
- Postharvest-Handling Group, ISEKI-Food Association, Vienna, Austria
| | - Henry Silungwe
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, University of Venda, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa
| | - Thakhani Takalani
- Univen Centre for Continuing Education, University of Venda, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa
| | - Adewale O Omolola
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, School of Agriculture, University of Venda, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa
| | - Henry O Udeh
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, University of Venda, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa
| | - Tonna A Anyasi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville 7535, South Africa
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Sharma T, Katare OP, Jain A, Jain S, Chaudhari D, Borges B, Singh B. QbD-Steered Development of Biotin-Conjugated Nanostructured Lipid Carriers for Oral Delivery of Chrysin: Role of Surface Modification for Improving Biopharmaceutical Performance. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 197:111429. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Polyphenols and Other Bioactive Compounds of Sideritis Plants and Their Potential Biological Activity. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25163763. [PMID: 32824863 PMCID: PMC7464829 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the growing problem of obesity associated with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, causes of obesity are extensively investigated. In addition to a high caloric diet and low physical activity, gut microbiota disturbance may have a potential impact on excessive weight gain. Some reports indicate differences in the composition of the intestinal microflora of obese people in comparison to lean. Bioactive compounds of natural origin with beneficial and multifaceted effects on the body are more frequently used in prevention and treatment of many metabolic diseases including obesity. Sideritis scardica is traditionally consumed as mountain tea in the Balkans to strengthen the body and improve mood. Many reports indicate a positive effect on digestive system, weight loss, and prevention of insulin resistance. Additionally, it exhibits antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory effects. The positive effect of Sideritis scardica extracts on memory and general cognitive abilities is indicated as well. The multilevel positive effect on the body appears to originate from the abundant occurrence of phenolic compounds, especially phenolic acids in Sideritis scardica extracts. However, mechanisms underlying their action require careful discussion and further research. Therefore, the objective of this review is to summarize the available knowledge on the role and mechanism of action of biologically active compounds of Sideritis scardica and other related species from the genus Sideritis.
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Wang W, Yue RF, Jin Z, He LM, Shen R, Du D, Tang YZ. Efficiency comparison of apigenin-7-O-glucoside and trolox in antioxidative stress and anti-inflammatory properties. J Pharm Pharmacol 2020; 72:1645-1656. [PMID: 32743812 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.13347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Chamomile has long been used as a medicinal plant due to its antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity. Apigenin-7-O-glucoside (AG) is one of the major ethanol extract components from chamomile; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. METHODS In this study, the antioxidant potential and the anti-inflammatory activities of AG were analysed and compared with those of trolox. We demonstrate the protective effects of AG on free radical-induced oxidative damage of DNA, proteins and erythrocytes. Flow cytometry assay was used to detect ROS production. Additionally, the expression of anti-oxidation-related and inflammation-related factors was detected by ELISA and Western blotting, respectively. KEY FINDINGS AG and trolox showed different efficiency as antioxidant in different experimental systems. AG had similar effect as trolox to inhibit H2 O2 -induced ROS production in RAW264.7 cells, while exerted stronger inhibition against free radical-induced oxidative damage on erythrocytes than trolox. Interestingly, compared with trolox, AG also had stronger inhibitory effect on LPS-induced NF-κB/NLRP3/caspase-1 signalling in RAW246.7 cells. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest the potential of AG as a pharmaceutical drug for anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation, and the combined usage of AG and trolox might promote its efficacy. Our findings will provide new insights into the development of new drugs with antioxidative and anti-inflammatory functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ru-Feng Yue
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Jin
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Min He
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong Shen
- Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Dan Du
- Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China.,Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health Research, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - You-Zhi Tang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Rani N, Arya DS. Chrysin rescues rat myocardium from ischemia-reperfusion injury via PPAR-γ/Nrf2 activation. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 883:173389. [PMID: 32707190 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Pharmacological strategies aimed at co-activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway have shown promising results in alleviating myocardial injury. The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of chrysin, a PPAR-γ agonist, in ischemia-reperfusion (IR)-induced myocardial infarction (MI) in rats and to explore the molecular mechanism driving this activity. To evaluate this hypothesis, chrysin (60 mg/kg, orally), PPAR-γ antagonist (GW9662, 1 mg/kg, intraperitoneally), or both were administered to rats for 28 days. On the 29th day, one-stage ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery for 45 min followed by 60 min of reperfusion was performed. Chrysin significantly decreased infarct size and improved cardiac functions following IR-induced MI. This improvement was corroborated by augmented PPAR-γ/Nrf2 expression as confirmed by immunohistochemistry and western blotting analysis. Chrysin exhibited strong anti-oxidant property as demonstrated by increased GSH and CAT levels and decreased 8-OHdG and TBARS levels. Our findings also imply that chrysin significantly inhibited inflammatory response as validated by decreased NF-κB, IKK-β, CRP, TNF-α and MPO levels. In addition, chrysin decreased TUNEL/DAPI positivity, a marker of apoptotic response and normalized cardiac injury markers. The histopathological and ultrastructural analysis further supported the functional and biochemical outcomes, showing preserved myocardial architecture. Intriguingly, co-administration with GW9662 significantly diminished the cardioprotective effect of chrysin as demonstrated by depressed myocardial function, decreased PPAR-γ/Nrf2 expression and increased oxidative stress. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that co-activation of PPAR-γ/Nrf2 by chrysin may be crucial for its cardioprotective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Rani
- Department of Pharmacology, Kalpana Chawla Government Medical College, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India; Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Dharamvir Singh Arya
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.
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Adesanoye OA, Abolaji AO, Faloye TR, Olaoye HO, Adedara AO. Luteolin-Supplemented diets ameliorates Bisphenol A-Induced toxicity in Drosophila melanogaster. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 142:111478. [PMID: 32504732 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an industrial chemical used in the production of various plastic materials. It is associated with reproductive, immunological and neurological disorders. Luteolin, a flavonoid found in fruits and vegetables, possesses anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and free radical scavenging properties. Here, we carried out studies to ascertain if Luteolin would ameliorate BPA-induced toxicity in Drosophila melanogaster. Firstly, flies were treated separately with Luteolin (0, 50, 100, 150 and 300 mg/kg diet) and BPA (0, 0.01, 0.05 and 0.1 mM) for 28 days survival assessments. Consequently, Luteolin (150 and 300 mg/kg diet) and/or BPA (0.05 mM) were exposed to D. melanogaster for 7 days for the evaluation of nitric oxide level, eclosion rate, viability assay, histology of fat body, antioxidant (Glutathione-S-transferase, catalase and total thiol), oxidative stress (hydrogen peroxide) and behavioural (negative geotaxis and acetylcholinesterase) markers. The results showed that BPA induced antioxidant-oxidative stress imbalance and behavioural deficit in flies. Luteolin increased survival rate and augmented antioxidant markers in flies. Importantly, Luteolin ameliorated BPA-induced degeneration in the fat body around the rostral, thorax and abdominal regions, oxidative stress, behavioural deficit, reduction in cell viability and eclosion rate of D. melanogaster (p < 0.05). Overall, this study offered further insights on the antioxidative and chemopreventive properties of Luteolin against BPA-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omolola A Adesanoye
- Drosophila Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Unit, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
| | - Amos O Abolaji
- Drosophila Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Unit, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
| | - Tolulope R Faloye
- Drosophila Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Unit, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Hannah O Olaoye
- Drosophila Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Unit, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | - Adeola O Adedara
- Drosophila Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Unit, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
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Peritore AF, Siracusa R, Crupi R, Cuzzocrea S. Therapeutic Efficacy of Palmitoylethanolamide and Its New Formulations in Synergy with Different Antioxidant Molecules Present in Diets. Nutrients 2019; 11:E2175. [PMID: 31514292 PMCID: PMC6769461 DOI: 10.3390/nu11092175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of a complete nutritional approach seems increasingly promising to combat chronic inflammation. The choice of healthy sources of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, associated with regular physical activity and avoidance of smoking is essential to fight the war against chronic diseases. At the base of the analgesic, anti-inflammatory, or antioxidant action of the diets, there are numerous molecules, among which some of a lipidic nature very active in the inflammatory pathway. One class of molecules found in diets with anti-inflammatory actions are ALIAmides. Among all, one is particularly known for its ability to counteract the inflammatory cascade, the Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA). PEA is a molecular that is present in nature, in numerous foods, and is endogenously produced by our body, which acts as a balancer of inflammatory processes, also known as endocannabionoid-like. PEA is often used in the treatment of both acute and chronic inflammatory pathologies, either alone or in association with other molecules with properties, such as antioxidants or analgesics. This review aims to illustrate an overview of the different diets that are involved in the process of opposition to the inflammatory cascade, focusing on capacity of PEA and new formulations in synergy with other molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Filippo Peritore
- Department of Chemical Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Rosalba Siracusa
- Department of Chemical Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Rosalia Crupi
- Department of Chemical Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Chemical Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy.
- Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Sciences, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA.
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Pingili RB, Pawar AK, Challa SR, Kodali T, Koppula S, Toleti V. A comprehensive review on hepatoprotective and nephroprotective activities of chrysin against various drugs and toxic agents. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 308:51-60. [PMID: 31085170 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Chrysin belongs to the flavonoids and has been used as traditional medicine from ancient and has been reported to exhibit a wide range of pharmacological properties. The biochemical and molecular mechanisms involved in the hepato- and nephroprotective activities of chrysin were discussed in this review. Chrysin exhibited hepatoprotective activity against 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, carbon tetrachloride, cisplatin, d-galactosamine, doxorubicin, ethanol, lipopolysaccharide/d-galactosamine, methotrexate, ammonium chloride, paracetamol, diethylnitrosamine, streptozotocin, tert-butyl hydroperoxide, thioacetamide, 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo [4,5-b] pyridine (PhIP), ischemia/reperfusion-induced hepatotoxicity and nephroprotective activity against cisplatin, doxorubicin, paracetamol, gentamicin, streptazotocin, N-nitrosodiethyl amine, 5-fluorouracil, adenine, carbon tetrachloride, copper, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo- p-dioxin, colistin, Nω-nitro-l-arginine-methylester and ethanol in various animal models due to its antioxidant, anti-apoptotic activities. In this review, we provide an overview of the possible mechanisms by which chrysin reduced the hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity of different toxicants. This will help the toxicologists, pharmacologists and chemists to develop new safer pharmaceutical products with chrysin and other toxicants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravindra Babu Pingili
- Research and Development, Department of Pharmacy, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh, India; Department of Pharmacology, KVSR Siddhartha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India.
| | - A Krishnamanjari Pawar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Siva Reddy Challa
- Department of Pharmacology, KVSR Siddhartha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Tanvija Kodali
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, KVSR Siddhartha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Sirisha Koppula
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, KVSR Siddhartha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Vyshnavi Toleti
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, KVSR Siddhartha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Sudhakaran M, Sardesai S, Doseff AI. Flavonoids: New Frontier for Immuno-Regulation and Breast Cancer Control. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E103. [PMID: 30995775 PMCID: PMC6523469 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8040103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) remains the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths in women in the US, despite advances in detection and treatment. In addition, breast cancer survivors often struggle with long-term treatment related comorbidities. Identifying novel therapies that are effective while minimizing toxicity is critical in curtailing this disease. Flavonoids, a subclass of plant polyphenols, are emerging as promising treatment options for the prevention and treatment of breast cancer. Recent evidence suggests that in addition to anti-oxidant properties, flavonoids can directly interact with proteins, making them ideal small molecules for the modulation of enzymes, transcription factors and cell surface receptors. Of particular interest is the ability of flavonoids to modulate the tumor associated macrophage function. However, clinical applications of flavonoids in cancer trials are limited. Epidemiological and smaller clinical studies have been largely hypothesis generating. Future research should aim at addressing known challenges with a broader use of preclinical models and investigating enhanced dose-delivery systems that can overcome limited bioavailability of dietary flavonoids. In this review, we discuss the structure-functional impact of flavonoids and their action on breast tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment, with an emphasis on their clinical role in the prevention and treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Sudhakaran
- Department Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
- Physiology Graduate Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
| | - Sagar Sardesai
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Andrea I Doseff
- Department Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
- Department Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
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31
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Yan Q, Li Y, Yan J, Zhao Y, Liu Y, Liu S. Luteolin improves heart preservation through inhibiting hypoxia-dependent L-type calcium channels in cardiomyocytes. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:2161-2171. [PMID: 30867703 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study aimed to evaluate whether luteolin could improve long-term heart preservation; this was achieved by evaluating the heart following long-term storage in University of Wisconsin solution (the control group) and in solutions containing three luteolin concentrations. The effects of different preservation methods were evaluated with respect to cardiac function while hearts were in custom-made ex vivo Langendorff perfusion systems. Different preservation methods were evaluated with respect to the histology, ultrastructure and apoptosis rate of the hearts, and the function of cardiomyocytes. In the presence of luteolin, the rate pressure product of the left ventricle was increased within 60 min of reperfusion following a 12-h preservation, coronary flow was higher within 30 min of reperfusion, cardiac contractile function was higher throughout reperfusion following 12- and 18-h preservations, and the left ventricle peak systolic pressure was significantly higher compared with the control group (all P<0.05). The expression levels of apoptosis regulator Bax and apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 in the luteolin groups were significantly decreased and increased, respectively. Lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase and malondialdehyde enzymatic activity was increased following long-term storage, while the activity of superoxide dismutase was significantly decreased. Furthermore, luteolin inhibited L-type calcium currents in ventricular myocytes under hypoxia conditions. Thus, luteolin demonstrated protective effects during long-term heart preservation in what appeared to be a dose-dependent manner, which may be accomplished through inhibiting hypoxia-dependent L-type calcium channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfeng Yan
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, Hainan 571199, P.R. China
| | - Yueping Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, Hainan 571199, P.R. China
| | - Jia Yan
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya, Hainan 572000, P.R. China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, Hainan 570102, P.R. China
| | - Yunzhong Liu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, Hainan 570102, P.R. China
| | - Su Liu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, Hainan 570102, P.R. China
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Farkhondeh T, Samarghandian S, Bafandeh F. The Cardiovascular Protective Effects of Chrysin: A Narrative Review on Experimental Researches. Cardiovasc Hematol Agents Med Chem 2019; 17:17-27. [PMID: 30648526 PMCID: PMC6865076 DOI: 10.2174/1871525717666190114145137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chrysin is one of the flavonoids fruits, vegetables, and plant especially found in honey, it has been indicated that its cardiovascular protective effect is due to its antioxidative effects and anti inflammatory activities. Chrysin exerts an antioxidant effect by enhancing the antioxidant system, suppressing pro-oxidant enzymes, scavenging free radicals and chelating redox active transition metal ions. Chrysin decreases lipid synthesis and also increases its metabolism, thereby ameliorating blood lipid profile. Chrysin modulates vascular function by increasing the bioavailability of endothelial nitric oxide. Chrysin inhibits the development of atherosclerosis by decreasing vascular inflammation. The anti-inflammatory effects of chrysin may relate to its inhibitory effect on the nuclear transcriptional factor-kB signaling pathway. It also prevents vascular smooth muscle cells proliferation and thrombogenesis. Altogether, chrysin may be effective as a natural agent for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases; however, several clinical trial studies should be done to confirm its protective effects on humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Address correspondence to this author at the Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran; Tel: +989151200945; E-mail:
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Liu Q, Zhao H, Gao Y, Meng Y, Zhao XX, Pan SN. Effects of Dandelion Extract on the Proliferation of Rat Skeletal Muscle Cells and the Inhibition of a Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Reaction. Chin Med J (Engl) 2018; 131:1724-1731. [PMID: 29998893 PMCID: PMC6048917 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.235878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dandelion is commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine with several active compounds found in extracts. It has a variety of pharmacological effects, such as a reduction in swelling and inflammation, and detoxification. The mechanism by which dandelion extract inhibits the inflammatory response in skeletal muscle cells remains unknown; therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dandelion extract root on the proliferation of skeletal muscle cells and the alleviation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response in vitro. Methods Rat skeletal muscle cells were isolated from Sprague-Dawley rat and cultured in vitro which were cultured in basal medium, or medium containing LPS or dandelion extract. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) was employed to measure cell proliferation; meanwhile, the optimal concentration of dandelion extract and treatment time were selected. Crystal violet staining was used to detect the proliferation of muscle cells. Western blotting analysis was used to detect the levels of inflammatory factors, myogenic factor, and p-AKT protein expression. Results The optimal concentration and treatment time of dandelion extract for the following study were 5 mg/ml and 4 days, respectively. Dandelion extract was found to increase proliferation of rat skeletal muscle cells (t = 3.145, P < 0.05), with the highest effect observed at 5 mg/ml. LPS was found to decrease proliferation of skeletal muscle cells (t = -131.959, P < 0.001), and dandelion extract could against this affection (t = 19.466, P < 0.01). LPS could induce expression of inflammatory factors, including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α (IL-1β: t = 9.118, P < 0.01; IL-6: t = 4.346, P < 0.05; TNF-α: t = 15.806, P < 0.05), and dandelion extract was shown to reduce LPS-induced expression of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α (IL-1β: t = -2.823, P < 0.05; IL-6: t = -3.348, P < 0.01; and TNF-α: t = -3.710, P < 0.01). Furthermore, LPS was also shown to decrease expression of myogenic factor, including myod1 and myogenin (MyoD1: t = 4.039, P < 0.05 and myogenin: t = 3.300, P < 0.01), but dandelion extract was shown to against this effect of LPS (MyoD1: t = -3.160, P < 0.05 and myogenin: t = -3.207, P < 0.01). And then, LPS was found to increase expression of p-AKT protein (p-AKT/AKT: t = 4.432, P < 0.05). Moreover, expression of p-AKT protein was found to decrease, with 5 mg/ml of dandelion extract (p-AKT/AKT: t = -3.618, P < 0.05). Conclusions The findings indicate that dandelion extract plays an important role in skeletal muscle cells viability regulation, promote cells proliferation by increasing level of p-AKT protein expression, and reduce LPS-induced expression of inflammatory factors, inhibiting the inflammatory response of rat skeletal muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Liu
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
| | - Heng Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004; Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Yue Gao
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
| | - Yan Meng
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
| | - Xiang-Xuan Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
| | - Shi-Nong Pan
- Department of Radiology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China
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Hayasaka N, Shimizu N, Komoda T, Mohri S, Tsushida T, Eitsuka T, Miyazawa T, Nakagawa K. Absorption and Metabolism of Luteolin in Rats and Humans in Relation to in Vitro Anti-inflammatory Effects. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:11320-11329. [PMID: 30280574 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b03273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Luteolin is a flavonoid present in plants in the form of aglycone or glucosides. In this study, luteolin glucosides (i.e., luteolin-7- O-β-d-glucoside, luteolin-7- O-[2-(β-d-apiosyl)-β-d-glucoside], and luteolin-7- O-[2-(β-d-apiosyl)-6-malonyl-β-d-glucoside]) prepared from green pepper leaves as well as luteolin aglycone were orally administered to rats. Regardless of the administered luteolin form, luteolin glucuronides were mainly detected from plasma and organs. Subsequently, luteolin aglycone, the most absorbed form of luteolin in rats, was orally administered to humans. As a result, luteolin-3'- O-sulfate was mainly identified from plasma, suggesting that not only luteolin form but also animal species affect the absorption and metabolism of luteolin. When LPS-treated RAW264.7 cells were treated with luteolin glucuronides and luteolin sulfate (the characteristic metabolites identified from rats and humans, respectively), the different luteolin conjugates were metabolized in different ways, suggesting that such difference in metabolism results in their difference in anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsumi Hayasaka
- Food and Biodynamic Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science , Tohoku University , Sendai , Miyagi 980-0845 , Japan
| | - Naoki Shimizu
- Food and Biodynamic Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science , Tohoku University , Sendai , Miyagi 980-0845 , Japan
| | - Toshikazu Komoda
- School of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences , Miyagi University , Sendai , Miyagi 982-0215 , Japan
| | - Satoshi Mohri
- School of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences , Miyagi University , Sendai , Miyagi 982-0215 , Japan
| | - Tojiro Tsushida
- School of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences , Miyagi University , Sendai , Miyagi 982-0215 , Japan
| | - Takahiro Eitsuka
- Food and Biodynamic Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science , Tohoku University , Sendai , Miyagi 980-0845 , Japan
| | - Teruo Miyazawa
- Food and Biotechnology Innovation Project, New Industry Creation Hatchery Center (NICHe) , Tohoku University , Sendai , Miyagi 980-8579 , Japan
- Food and Health Science Research Unit, Graduate School of Agricultural Science , Tohoku University , Sendai , Miyagi 980-0845 , Japan
| | - Kiyotaka Nakagawa
- Food and Biodynamic Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science , Tohoku University , Sendai , Miyagi 980-0845 , Japan
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Yang SC, Chen PJ, Chang SH, Weng YT, Chang FR, Chang KY, Chen CY, Kao TI, Hwang TL. Luteolin attenuates neutrophilic oxidative stress and inflammatory arthritis by inhibiting Raf1 activity. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 154:384-396. [PMID: 29883707 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophils play a significant role in inflammatory tissue injury. Activated neutrophils produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), release proteases, and form neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), significantly affecting the pathogenesis of inflammatory arthritis. We examined the therapeutic effects of luteolin, a flavone found in many plants, in neutrophilic inflammation and on acute inflammatory arthritis. Luteolin significantly inhibited superoxide anion generation, ROS production, and NET formation in human neutrophils. The increase in elastase release, CD11b expression, and chemotaxis was also inhibited by luteolin. Luteolin significantly suppressed phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk) and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase-1 (MEK-1), but not c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). Analysis of the molecular mechanism further revealed that luteolin acts as a Raf-1 inhibitor. In mice with complete Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis, luteolin ameliorated neutrophil infiltration as well as the thickness of paw edema and ROS production. In conclusion, in addition to its known ROS scavenging effect, this study is the first to provide evidence that luteolin diminishes human neutrophil inflammatory responses by inhibiting Raf1-MEK-1-Erk. Our results focused on the importance of neutrophil activation in inflammatory tissue injury and offer opportunities for the development of luteolin's therapeutic potential to attenuate neutrophilic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Chin Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Natural Products and Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Po-Jen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products and Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; Department of Cosmetic Science, Providence University, Taichung 433, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hsin Chang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products and Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Weng
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products and Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Rong Chang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Yi Chang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yu Chen
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products and Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Ting-I Kao
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products and Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; Division of Chinese Internal Medicine, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Tsong-Long Hwang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products and Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; Chinese Herbal Medicine Research Team, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 243, Taiwan.
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Wang SW, Chen YR, Chow JM, Chien MH, Yang SF, Wen YC, Lee WJ, Tseng TH. Stimulation of Fas/FasL-mediated apoptosis by luteolin through enhancement of histone H3 acetylation and c-Jun activation in HL-60 leukemia cells. Mol Carcinog 2018; 57:866-877. [PMID: 29566277 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Luteolin (3',4',5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone), which exists in fruits, vegetables, and medicinal herbs, is used in Chinese traditional medicine for treating various diseases, such as hypertension, inflammatory disorders, and cancer. However, the gene-regulatory role of luteolin in cancer prevention and therapy has not been clarified. Herein, we demonstrated that treatment with luteolin resulted in a significant decrease in the viability of human leukemia cells. In the present study, by evaluating fragmentation of DNA and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), we found that luteolin was able to induce PARP cleavage and nuclear fragmentation as well as an increase in the sub-G0 /G1 fraction. In addition, luteolin also induced Fas and Fas ligand (FasL) expressions and subsequent activation of caspases-8 and -3, which can trigger the extrinsic apoptosis pathway, while knocking down Fas-associated protein with death domain (FADD) prevented luteolin-induced PARP cleavage. Immunoblot and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analyses revealed that luteolin increased acetylation of histone H3, which is involved in the upregulation of Fas and FasL. Moreover, both the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathways are involved in luteolin-induced histone H3 acetylation. Finally, luteolin also activated the c-Jun signaling pathway, which contributes to FasL, but not Fas, gene expression and downregulation of c-Jun expression by small interfering RNA transfection which resulted in a significant decrease in luteolin-induced PARP cleavage. Thus, our results demonstrate that luteolin induced apoptosis of HL-60 cells, and this was associated with c-Jun activation and histone H3 acetylation-mediated Fas/FasL expressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Wei Wang
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ru Chen
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Ming Chow
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsien Chien
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Wen
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jiunn Lee
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsui-Hwa Tseng
- Department of Medical Applied Chemistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Education, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Xu J, Wise JTF, Wang L, Schumann K, Zhang Z, Shi X. Dual Roles of Oxidative Stress in Metal Carcinogenesis. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol 2018; 36:345-376. [PMID: 29431065 DOI: 10.1615/jenvironpatholtoxicoloncol.2017025229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been well established that environmental and occupational exposure to heavy metal causes cancer in several organs. Although the exact mechanism of heavy metal carcinogenesis remains elusive, metal-generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) are essential. ROS can play two roles in metal carcinogenesis; two stages in the process of metal carcinogenesis differ in the amounts of ROS activating a dual redox-mediated mechanism. In the early stage of metal carcinogenesis, ROS acts in an oncogenic role. However, in the late stage of metal carcinogenesis, ROS plays an antioncogenic role. Similarly, NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) also has two different roles, which makes it a key molecule for separating metal carcinogenesis into two different stages. In the early stage, inducible Nrf2 fights against elevated ROS to decrease cell transformation by its antioxidant protection property. In the late stage, constitutively activated Nrf2 manipulates reduced ROS to perform a comfortable environment for apoptosis resistance through an oncogenic role. Interestingly, a cunning carcinogenic mechanism takes advantage of the dual role of Nrf2 to implement the dual role of ROS through a series of redox adaption mechanisms. In this review, we discuss the paradox in the rationales behind the two opposite ROS roles and focus on their potential pharmacological application. The dual role of ROS represents a 'double-edged sword' with many possible novel ROS-mediated strategies in cancer therapy in metal carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Chao Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Gongren Tiyuchang Nanlu, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100020, China
| | - James T F Wise
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Lei Wang
- Center for Research on Environmental Disease, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Kortney Schumann
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Center for Research on Environmental Disease, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Xianglin Shi
- Center for Research on Environmental Disease, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
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Zeinali M, Meybodi NT, Rezaee SA, Rafatpanah H, Hosseinzadeh H. Protective effects of chrysin on sub-acute diazinon-induced biochemical, hematological, histopathological alterations, and genotoxicity indices in male BALB/c mice. Drug Chem Toxicol 2017; 41:270-280. [DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2017.1384834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Majid Zeinali
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS), Mashhad, Islamic Republic of Iran
- Social Security Organization (SSO), Mashhad, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Naser Tayebi Meybodi
- Department of Pathology, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS), Mashhad, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Seyed Abdolrahim Rezaee
- Immunology Research center, Division of Inflammatory Diseases, Mashhad University of Medical Science (MUMS), Mashhad, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Houshang Rafatpanah
- Immunology Research center, Division of Inflammatory Diseases, Mashhad University of Medical Science (MUMS), Mashhad, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Research Centre, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Islamic Republic of Iran
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Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the commonest cause of global mortality and morbidity. Atherosclerosis, the fundamental pathological manifestation of CVDs, is a complex process and is poorly managed both in terms of preventive and therapeutic intervention. Aberrant lipid metabolism and chronic inflammation play critical roles in the development of atherosclerosis. These processes can be targeted for effective management of the disease. Although managing lipid metabolism is in the forefront of current therapeutic approaches, controlling inflammation may also prove to be crucial for an efficient treatment regimen of the disease. Flavonoids, the plant-derived polyphenols, are known for their antiinflammatory properties. This review discusses the possible antiatherogenic role of 3 flavonoids, namely, chrysin, quercetin, and luteolin primarily known for their antiinflammatory properties.
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Samsonowicz M, Regulska E, Kalinowska M. Hydroxyflavone metal complexes - molecular structure, antioxidant activity and biological effects. Chem Biol Interact 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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41
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Samarghandian S, Farkhondeh T, Azimi-Nezhad M. Protective Effects of Chrysin Against Drugs and Toxic Agents. Dose Response 2017; 15:1559325817711782. [PMID: 28694744 PMCID: PMC5484430 DOI: 10.1177/1559325817711782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Issues: Polyphenolic compounds, especially flavonoids, are known as the most common chemical class of phytochemicals, which possess a multiple range of health-promoting effects. Flavonoids are ubiquitous in nature. They are also present in food, providing an essential link between diet and prevention of several diseases. Approach: Chrysin (CH), a natural flavonoid, was commonly found in propolis and honey and traditionally used in herbal medicine. A growing body of scientific evidence has shown that CH possesses protective effects against toxic agents in various animal tissues, including brain, heart, liver, kidney, and lung. Key Findings: This study found that CH may be effective in disease management induced by toxic agents. However, due to the lack of information on human, further studies are needed to determine the efficacy of CH as an antidote agent in human. Conclusion: The present article aimed to critically review the available literature data regarding the protective effects of CH against toxic agent–induced toxicities as well as its possible mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Samarghandian
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Tahereh Farkhondeh
- Department of Immunogenetics, BuAli Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Azimi-Nezhad
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Styshova ON, Popov AM, Artyukov AA, Klimovich AA. Main constituents of polyphenol complex from seagrasses of the genus Zostera, their antidiabetic properties and mechanisms of action. Exp Ther Med 2017; 13:1651-1659. [PMID: 28565749 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The present review analyzed the recent experimental studies of the alleviating activity of main constituents of the polyphenol complex from seagrasses of the genus Zostera, namely rosmarinic acid, luteolin and its sulfated derivatives, on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism disorders. A number of studies by our group and others, in which various experimental models of diabetes and hyperlipidemia were used, show a therapeutic action of the polyphenol complex and the abovementioned phenolic constituents, when applied separately and in combination. Based on the analysis of the results of these studies, the probable mechanisms of the therapeutic action of these compounds in diabetes and hyperlipidemia were proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Nikolaevna Styshova
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia
| | - Alexander Michailovich Popov
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia.,School of Natural Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok 690000, Russia
| | - Alexander Alekseevish Artyukov
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia
| | - Anna Anatolievna Klimovich
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia
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Luteolin improves non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in db/db mice by inhibition of liver X receptor activation to down-regulate expression of sterol regulatory element binding protein 1c. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 482:720-726. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.11.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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44
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Zhang L, Han YJ, Zhang X, Wang X, Bao B, Qu W, Liu J. Luteolin reduces obesity-associated insulin resistance in mice by activating AMPKα1 signalling in adipose tissue macrophages. Diabetologia 2016; 59:2219-28. [PMID: 27377644 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-016-4039-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Inflammatory polarisation of adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) plays a critical role in the development of obesity-associated metabolic diseases such as insulin resistance and diabetes. Our previous study indicated that dietary luteolin (LU) could prevent the establishment of insulin resistance in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Here, we further investigated the effects of LU, which is a natural flavonoid, on pre-established insulin resistance and obesity-associated ATM polarisation in mice. METHODS Five-week-old C57/BL6 mice were fed on a low-fat diet or HFD for 20 weeks, with some mice receiving supplementation with 0.01% LU from weeks 1 or 10 of the HFD to assess the actions of LU on insulin resistance and ATM polarisation. Furthermore, the role of LU in metabolic-dysfunction-associated macrophage phenotypes was investigated in vitro. RESULTS Dietary LU supplementation, either for 20 weeks or from weeks 10 to 20 of an HFD, significantly improved insulin resistance in HFD-fed mice. In addition, inflammatory macrophage infiltration and polarisation were suppressed in mouse epididymal adipose tissues. Furthermore, LU treatment directly reversed lipopolysaccharide-stimulated and metabolism-regulated molecules, and induced inflammatory polarisation in mouse RAW264.7 cells and peritoneal cavity resident macrophages. Finally, using the selective AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) inhibitor compound C and Ampkα1 (also known as Prkaa1) silencing with siRNA, we found that LU activated AMPKα1 in macrophages to inhibit their inflammatory polarisation and enhanced insulin signals in adipocytes that were stimulated with macrophage-conditioned media. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Dietary LU ameliorated insulin resistance in diet-induced obese mice by promoting AMPKα1 signalling in ATMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Jing Han
- School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian Zhang
- School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Bao
- School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Qu
- School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Liu
- School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, People's Republic of China.
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Effect of gamma irradiation on the change of solubility and anti-inflammation activity of chrysin in macrophage cells and LPS-injected endotoxemic mice. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2016.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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46
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Chanput W, Krueyos N, Ritthiruangdej P. Anti-oxidative assays as markers for anti-inflammatory activity of flavonoids. Int Immunopharmacol 2016; 40:170-175. [PMID: 27598863 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2016.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The complexity of in vitro anti-inflammatory assays, the cost and time consumed, and the necessary skills can be a hurdle to apply to promising compounds in a high throughput setting. In this study, several antioxidative assays i.e. DPPH, ABTS, ORAC and xanthine oxidase (XO) were used to examine the antioxidative activity of three sub groups of flavonoids: (i) flavonol: quercetin, myricetin, (ii) flavanone: eriodictyol, naringenin (iii) flavone: luteolin, apigenin. A range of flavonoid concentrations was tested for their antioxidative activities and were found to be dose-dependent. However, the flavonoid concentrations over 50ppm were found to be toxic to the THP-1 monocytes. Therefore, 10, 20 and 50ppm of flavonoid concentrations were tested for their anti-inflammatory activity in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated THP-1 monocytes. Expression of inflammatory genes, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and TNF-α was found to be sequentially decreased when flavonoid concentration increased. Principle component analysis (PCA) was used to investigate the relationship between the data sets of antioxidative assays and the expression of inflammatory genes. The results showed that DPPH, ABTS and ORAC assays have an opposite correlation with the reduction of inflammatory genes. Pearson correlation exhibited a relationship between the ABTS assay and the expression of three out of five analyzed genes; IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8. Our findings indicate that ABTS assay can potentially be an assay marker for anti-inflammatory activity of flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasaporn Chanput
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan Rd., Ladyoaw, Chatuchuck, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
| | - Narumol Krueyos
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan Rd., Ladyoaw, Chatuchuck, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Pitiporn Ritthiruangdej
- Department of Product Development, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan Rd., Ladyoaw, Chatuchuck, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
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47
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Yan M, Liu Z, Yang H, Li C, Chen H, Liu Y, Zhao M, Zhu Y. Luteolin decreases the UVA‑induced autophagy of human skin fibroblasts by scavenging ROS. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:1986-92. [PMID: 27430964 PMCID: PMC4991762 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Luteolin (LUT) is a flavone, which is universally present as a constituent of traditional Chinese herbs, and certain vegetables and spices, and has been demonstrated to exhibit potent radical scavenging and cytoprotective properties. Although LUT has various beneficial effects on health, the effects of LUT on the protection of skin remain to be fully elucidated. The present study investigated whether LUT can protect human skin fibroblasts (HSFs) from ultraviolet (UV) A irradiation. It was found that, following exposure to different doses of UVA irradiation, the HSFs exhibited autophagy, as observed by fluorescence and transmission electron microscopy, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) bursts, analyzed by flow cytometry, to differing degrees. Following incubation with micromolar concentrations of LUT, ROS production decreased and autophagy gradually declined. In addition, the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and the classical autophagy-associated proteins, LC3 and Beclin 1 were observed by western blotting. Western blot analysis showed that the expression levels of HIF-1α, LC3-II and Beclin 1 gradually decreased in the UVA-irradiated HSFs following treatment with LUT. These data indicated that UVA-induced autophagy was mediated by ROS, suggesting the possibility of resistance against UV by certain natural antioxidants, including LUT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Yan
- Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, P.R. China
| | - Zhongrong Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, P.R. China
| | - Huilan Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, P.R. China
| | - Cuihua Li
- Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, P.R. China
| | - Hulin Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, P.R. China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, P.R. China
| | - Minling Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, P.R. China
| | - Yingjie Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510010, P.R. China
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Lim HK, Kim KM, Jeong SY, Choi EK, Jung J. Chrysin Increases the Therapeutic Efficacy of Docetaxel and Mitigates Docetaxel-Induced Edema. Integr Cancer Ther 2016; 16:496-504. [PMID: 27151585 PMCID: PMC5739130 DOI: 10.1177/1534735416645184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Docetaxel (DTX) is an effective commercial anticancer agent for chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), breast cancer, gastric cancer, and prostate cancer, but its adverse effects including edema, neurotoxicity, and hair loss limit its application. To improve the chemotherapeutic efficacy of DTX and reduce adverse effects, combination therapy is one of the alternative methods. So chrysin, which has various biological activities including anticancer effects, was considered. In vitro, the combination of chrysin and DTX was investigated in A549 cells. Increased cytotoxicity, suppressed cellular proliferation, and induced apoptosis were observed with posttreatment of chrysin following DTX treatment. In vivo, chrysin enhanced the tumor growth delay of DTX and increased DTX-induced apoptosis in the A549-derived xenograft model. Furthermore, chrysin prevented DTX-induced edema in ICR mouse. These results indicated that chrysin strengthened the therapeutic efficacy of DTX and diminished the adverse effect of DTX, suggesting chrysin could be exploited as an adjuvant therapy for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Kyung Lim
- 1 Innovative Drug Center, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyoung Mee Kim
- 1 Innovative Drug Center, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, Korea.,2 Duksung Women's University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong-Yun Jeong
- 3 ASAN Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Kyung Choi
- 3 ASAN Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joohee Jung
- 1 Innovative Drug Center, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, Korea.,2 Duksung Women's University, Seoul, Korea
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Treml J, Šmejkal K. Flavonoids as Potent Scavengers of Hydroxyl Radicals. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2016; 15:720-738. [PMID: 33401843 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a fundamental principle in the pathophysiology of many diseases. It occurs when the production of reactive oxygen species exceeds the capacity of the cell defense system. The hydroxyl radical is a reactive oxygen species that is commonly formed in vivo and can cause serious damage to biomolecules, such as lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. It plays a role in inflammation-related diseases, like chronic inflammation, neurodegeneration, and cancer. To overcome excessive oxidative stress and thus to prevent or stop the progression of diseases connected to it, scientists try to combat oxidative stress and to find antioxidant molecules, including those that scavenge hydroxyl radical or diminish its production in inflamed tissues. This article reviews various methods of hydroxyl radical production and scavenging. Further, flavonoids, as natural plant antioxidants and essential component of the human diet, are reviewed as compounds interacting with the production of hydroxyl radicals. The relationship between hydroxyl radical scavenging and the structure of the flavonoids is discussed. The structural elements of the flavonoid molecule most important for hydroxyl radical scavenging are hydroxylation of ring B and a C2-C3 double bond connected with a C-3 hydroxyl group and a C-4 carbonyl group. Hydroxylation of ring A also enhances the activity, as does the presence of gallate and galactouronate moieties as substituents on the flavonoid skeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Treml
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Dept. of Molecular Biology and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Univ. of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého tř. 1, 612 42, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Šmejkal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Dept. of Molecular Biology and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Univ. of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého tř. 1, 612 42, Brno, Czech Republic
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Dash R, Uddin MMN, Hosen SZ, Rahim ZB, Dinar AM, Kabir MSH, Sultan RA, Islam A, Hossain MK. Molecular docking analysis of known flavonoids as duel COX-2 inhibitors in the context of cancer. Bioinformation 2015; 11:543-9. [PMID: 26770028 PMCID: PMC4702032 DOI: 10.6026/97320630011543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) catalyzed synthesis of prostaglandin E2 and it associates with tumor growth, infiltration, and metastasis in preclinical experiments. Known inhibitors against COX-2 exhibit toxicity. Therefore, it is of interest to screen natural compounds like flavanoids against COX-2. Molecular docking using 12 known flavanoids against COX-2 by FlexX and of ArgusLab were performed. All compounds showed a favourable binding energy of >-10 KJ/mol in FlexX and > -8 kcal/mol in ArgusLab. However, this data requires in vitro and in vivo verification for further consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raju Dash
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong-4000, Bangladesh
| | | | - S.M. Zahid Hosen
- Molecular Modeling & Drug Design Laboratory (MMDDL), Pharmacology Research
Division, Bangladesh Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (BCSIR), Chittagong-4220, Bangladesh
| | - Zahed Bin Rahim
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong-4000, Bangladesh
| | - Abu Mansur Dinar
- Quality Control Operations, Square Pharmaceutical Ltd, Bangladesh
| | | | - Ramiz Ahmed Sultan
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Chittagong, Chittagong-4331, Bangladesh
| | - Ashekul Islam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong-4331, Bangladesh
| | - Md Kamrul Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Chittagong, Chittagong-4331, Bangladesh
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