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Che X, Hong X, Gross S, Pearson C, Bartell T, Wang X, Wang G. Maternal Mediterranean-Style Diet Adherence during Pregnancy and Metabolomic Signature in Postpartum Plasma: Findings from the Boston Birth Cohort. J Nutr 2024; 154:846-855. [PMID: 38278216 PMCID: PMC10942856 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The health benefits of a Mediterranean-style diet (MSD) are well observed, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Metabolomic profiling offers a systematic approach for identifying which metabolic biomarkers and pathways might be affected by an MSD. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to identify postpartum plasma metabolites that are associated with MSD adherence during pregnancy and to further test whether these identified metabolites may vary by maternal characteristics. METHODS We analyzed data from 1410 mothers enrolled in the Boston Birth Cohort (BBC). A maternal food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was administered and epidemiologic information was obtained via an in-person standard questionnaire interview within 24-72 h postpartum. Maternal clinical information was extracted from electronic medical records. A Mediterranean-style diet score (MSDS) was calculated using responses to the FFQ. Metabolomic profiling in postpartum plasma was conducted by liquid chromatography-MS. Linear regression models were used to assess the associations of each metabolite with an MSDS, adjusting for covariates. RESULTS Among the 380 postpartum plasma metabolites analyzed, 24 were associated with MSDS during pregnancy (false discovery rate < 0.05). Of 24 MSDS-associated metabolites, 19 were lipids [for example, triacylglycerols, phosphatidylcholines (PCs), PC plasmalogen, phosphatidylserine, and phosphatidylethanolamine]; others were amino acids (methionine sulfoxide and threonine), tropane (nor-psi-tropine), vitamin (vitamin A), and nucleotide (adenosine). The association of adenosine and methionine sulfoxide with MSDS differed by race (P-interaction = 0.033) and maternal overweight or obesity status (P-interaction = 0.021), respectively. CONCLUSIONS In the BBC, we identified 24 postpartum plasma metabolites associated with MSDS during pregnancy. The associations of the 2 metabolites varied by maternal race and BMI. This study provides a new insight into dietary effects on health under the skin. More studies are needed to better understand the metabolic pathways underlying the short- and long-term health benefits of an MSD during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Che
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Xiumei Hong
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Susan Gross
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Colleen Pearson
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston University Chobanian and Avedisian School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Tami Bartell
- Patrick M. Magoon Institute for Healthy Communities, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Xiaobin Wang
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Guoying Wang
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States.
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Mattavelli E, Piperni E, Asnicar F, Redaelli L, Grigore L, Pellegatta F, Nabinejad A, Tamburini S, Segata N, Catapano AL, Baragetti A. High dietary inflammatory index associates with inflammatory proteins in plasma. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2024; 16:50. [PMID: 38409061 PMCID: PMC10895728 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-024-01287-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Unhealthy dietary habits and highly caloric foods induce metabolic alterations and promote the development of the inflammatory consequences of obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Describing an inflammatory effect of diet is difficult to pursue, owing lacks of standardized quali-quantitative dietary assessments. The Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) has been proposed as an estimator of the pro- or anti-inflammatory effect of nutrients and higher DII values, which indicate an increased intake of nutrients with pro-inflammatory effects, relate to an increased risk of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases and we here assessed whether they reflect biologically relevant plasmatic variations of inflammatory proteins. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, seven days dietary records from 663 subjects in primary prevention for cardiovascular diseases were analyzed to derive the intake of nutrients, foods and to calculate DII. To associate DII with the Normalized Protein eXpression (NPX), an index of abundance, of a targeted panel of 368 inflammatory biomarkers (Olink™) measured in the plasma, we divided the population by the median value of DII (1.60 (0.83-2.30)). RESULTS 332 subjects with estimated DII over the median value reported a higher intake of saturated fats but lower intakes of poly-unsaturated fats, including omega-3 and omega-6 fats, versus subjects with estimated dietary DII below the median value (N = 331). The NPX of 61 proteins was increased in the plasma of subjects with DII > median vs. subjects with DII < median. By contrast, in the latter group, we underscored only 3 proteins with increased NPX. Only 23, out of these 64 proteins, accurately identified subjects with DII > median (Area Under the Curve = 0.601 (0.519-0.668), p = 0.035). CONCLUSION This large-scale proteomic study supports that higher DII reflects changes in the plasmatic abundance of inflammatory proteins. Larger studies are warranted to validate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Mattavelli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", University of Milan, Milano, Italy
- SISA Center for the Study of Atherosclerosis, Bassini Hospital, Cinisello Balsamo, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Piperni
- Department CIBIO, Trento University, Trento, Italy
- European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Laura Redaelli
- SISA Center for the Study of Atherosclerosis, Bassini Hospital, Cinisello Balsamo, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Amir Nabinejad
- European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Sabrina Tamburini
- European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca' Foscari University, Venice, Italy
| | - Nicola Segata
- Department CIBIO, Trento University, Trento, Italy
- European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberico Luigi Catapano
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", University of Milan, Milano, Italy
- IRCCS MultiMedica Hospital, Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Baragetti
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences "Rodolfo Paoletti", University of Milan, Milano, Italy.
- IRCCS MultiMedica Hospital, Milano, Italy.
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Chen L, Dai J, Yu G, Pang WW, Rahman ML, Liu X, Fiehn O, Guivarch C, Chen Z, Zhang C. Metabolomic Biomarkers of Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) Dietary Patterns in Pregnant Women. Nutrients 2024; 16:492. [PMID: 38398816 PMCID: PMC10892314 DOI: 10.3390/nu16040492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective: the aim of this study was to identify plasma metabolomic markers of Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) dietary patterns in pregnant women. Methods: This study included 186 women who had both dietary intake and metabolome measured from a nested case-control study within the NICHD Fetal Growth Studies-Singletons cohort (FGS). Dietary intakes were ascertained at 8-13 gestational weeks (GW) using the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and DASH scores were calculated based on eight food and nutrient components. Fasting plasma samples were collected at 15-26 GW and untargeted metabolomic profiling was performed. Multivariable linear regression models were used to examine the association of individual metabolites with the DASH score. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was used to select a panel of metabolites jointly associated with the DASH score. Results: Of the total 460 known metabolites, 92 were individually associated with DASH score in linear regressions, 25 were selected as a panel by LASSO regressions, and 18 were identified by both methods. Among the top 18 metabolites, there were 11 lipids and lipid-like molecules (i.e., TG (49:1), TG (52:2), PC (31:0), PC (35:3), PC (36:4) C, PC (36:5) B, PC (38:4) B, PC (42:6), SM (d32:0), gamma-tocopherol, and dodecanoic acid), 5 organic acids and derivatives (i.e., asparagine, beta-alanine, glycine, taurine, and hydroxycarbamate), 1 organic oxygen compound (i.e., xylitol), and 1 organoheterocyclic compound (i.e., maleimide). Conclusions: our study identified plasma metabolomic markers for DASH dietary patterns in pregnant women, with most of being lipids and lipid-like molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (L.C.); (J.D.); (X.L.)
| | - Jin Dai
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (L.C.); (J.D.); (X.L.)
| | - Guoqi Yu
- Global Center for Asian Women’s Health, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore; (G.Y.); (W.W.P.); (C.G.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Bia-Echo Asia Centre for Reproductive Longevity and Equality (ACRLE), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Wei Wei Pang
- Global Center for Asian Women’s Health, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore; (G.Y.); (W.W.P.); (C.G.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Bia-Echo Asia Centre for Reproductive Longevity and Equality (ACRLE), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Mohammad L. Rahman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20850, USA;
| | - Xinyue Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (L.C.); (J.D.); (X.L.)
| | - Oliver Fiehn
- West Coast Metabolomics Center, UC Davis Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
| | - Claire Guivarch
- Global Center for Asian Women’s Health, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore; (G.Y.); (W.W.P.); (C.G.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Bia-Echo Asia Centre for Reproductive Longevity and Equality (ACRLE), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Zhen Chen
- Division of Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Cuilin Zhang
- Global Center for Asian Women’s Health, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore; (G.Y.); (W.W.P.); (C.G.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
- Bia-Echo Asia Centre for Reproductive Longevity and Equality (ACRLE), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
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Du Y, Li YY, Choi BY, Fernadez R, Su KJ, Sharma K, Qi L, Yin Z, Zhao Q, Shen H, Qiu C, Zhao LJ, Luo Z, Wu L, Tian Q, Deng HW. Metabolomic profiles associated with physical activity in White and African American adult men. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289077. [PMID: 37943870 PMCID: PMC10635561 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity (PA) is associated with various health benefits, especially in improving chronic health conditions. However, the metabolic changes in host metabolism in response to PA remain unclear, especially in racially/ethnically diverse populations. OBJECTIVE This study is to assess the metabolic profiles associated with the frequency of PA in White and African American (AA) men. METHODS Using the untargeted metabolomics data collected from 698 White and AA participants (mean age: 38.0±8.0, age range: 20-50) from the Louisiana Osteoporosis Study (LOS), we conducted linear regression models to examine metabolites that are associated with PA levels (assessed by self-reported regular exercise frequency levels: 0, 1-2, and ≥3 times per week) in White and AA men, respectively, as well as in the pooled sample. Covariates considered for statistical adjustments included race (only for the pooled sample), age, BMI, waist circumstance, smoking status, and alcohol drinking. RESULTS Of the 1133 untargeted compounds, we identified 7 metabolites associated with PA levels in the pooled sample after covariate adjustment with a false discovery rate of 0.15. Specifically, compared to participants who did not exercise, those who exercised at a frequency ≥3 times/week showed higher abundances in uracil, orotate, 1-(1-enyl-palmitoyl)-2-oleoyl-GPE (P-16:0/18:1) (GPE), threonate, and glycerate, but lower abundances in salicyluric glucuronide and adenine in the pooled sample. However, in Whites, salicyluric glucuronide and orotate were not significant. Adenine, GPE, and threonate were not significant in AAs. In addition, the seven metabolites were not significantly different between participants who exercised ≥3 times/week and 1-2 times/week, nor significantly different between participants with 1-2 times/week and 0/week in the pooled sample and respective White and AA groups. CONCLUSIONS Metabolite responses to PA are dose sensitive and may differ between White and AA populations. The identified metabolites may help advance our knowledge of guiding precision PA interventions. Studies with rigorous study designs are warranted to elucidate the relationship between PA and metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Du
- School of Nursing, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Yuan-Yuan Li
- Department of Nutrition, Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Public Health, Kannapolis, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Byeong Yeob Choi
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Roman Fernadez
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Kuan-Jui Su
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University; New Orleans, LA, United States of America
| | - Kumar Sharma
- Center for Precision Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Lu Qi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University; New Orleans, LA, United States of America
| | - Zenong Yin
- Department of Public Health, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States of America
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States of America
| | - Hui Shen
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University; New Orleans, LA, United States of America
| | - Chuan Qiu
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University; New Orleans, LA, United States of America
| | - Lan-Juan Zhao
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University; New Orleans, LA, United States of America
| | - Zhe Luo
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University; New Orleans, LA, United States of America
| | - Li Wu
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University; New Orleans, LA, United States of America
| | - Qing Tian
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University; New Orleans, LA, United States of America
| | - Hong-Wen Deng
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University; New Orleans, LA, United States of America
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5
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Mi MY, Gajjar P, Walker ME, Miller P, Xanthakis V, Murthy VL, Larson MG, Vasan RS, Shah RV, Lewis GD, Nayor M. Association of healthy dietary patterns and cardiorespiratory fitness in the community. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2023; 30:1450-1461. [PMID: 37164358 PMCID: PMC10562138 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwad113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the associations of dietary indices and quantitative cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) measures in a large, community-based sample harnessing metabolomic profiling to interrogate shared biology. METHODS AND RESULTS Framingham Heart Study (FHS) participants underwent maximum effort cardiopulmonary exercise tests for CRF quantification (via peak VO2) and completed semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaires. Dietary quality was assessed by the Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) and Mediterranean-style Diet Score (MDS), and fasting blood concentrations of 201 metabolites were quantified. In 2380 FHS participants (54 ± 9 years, 54% female, body mass index 28 ± 5 kg/m2), 1 SD higher AHEI and MDS were associated with 5.2% (1.2 mL/kg/min, 95% CI 4.3-6.0%, P < 0.0001) and 4.5% (1.0 mL/kg/min, 95% CI 3.6-5.3%, P < 0.0001) greater peak VO2 in linear models adjusted for age, sex, total daily energy intake, cardiovascular risk factors, and physical activity. In participants with metabolite profiling (N = 1154), 24 metabolites were concordantly associated with both dietary indices and peak VO2 in multivariable-adjusted linear models (FDR < 5%). Metabolites that were associated with lower CRF and poorer dietary quality included C6 and C7 carnitines, C16:0 ceramide, and dimethylguanidino valeric acid, and metabolites that were positively associated with higher CRF and favourable dietary quality included C38:7 phosphatidylcholine plasmalogen and C38:7 and C40:7 phosphatidylethanolamine plasmalogens. CONCLUSION Higher diet quality is associated with greater CRF cross-sectionally in a middle-aged community-dwelling sample, and metabolites highlight potential shared favourable effects on cardiometabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Y Mi
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Priya Gajjar
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Suite L-516, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Maura E Walker
- Section of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Suite L-516, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Department of Health Sciences, Sargent College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Patricia Miller
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vanessa Xanthakis
- Section of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Suite L-516, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, 73 Mt. Wayte Avenue, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
| | - Venkatesh L Murthy
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, and Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Martin G Larson
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, 73 Mt. Wayte Avenue, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
| | - Ramachandran S Vasan
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Suite L-516, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Section of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Suite L-516, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, 73 Mt. Wayte Avenue, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
- University of Texas School of Public Health San Antonio, and Departments of Medicine and Population Health Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Ravi V Shah
- Vanderbilt Translational and Clinical Research Center, Cardiology Division, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Gregory D Lewis
- Cardiology Division and Pulmonary Critical Care Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthew Nayor
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Suite L-516, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Section of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Suite L-516, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, 73 Mt. Wayte Avenue, Framingham, MA 01702, USA
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Bernard L, Chen J, Kim H, Huang Z, Bazzano L, Qi L, He J, Rao VS, Potts KS, Kelly TN, Wong KE, Steffen LM, Yu B, Rhee EP, Rebholz CM. Serum Metabolomic Markers of Dairy Consumption: Results from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study and the Bogalusa Heart Study. J Nutr 2023; 153:2994-3002. [PMID: 37541543 PMCID: PMC10613758 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dairy consumption is related to chronic disease risk; however, the measurement of dairy consumption has largely relied upon self-report. Untargeted metabolomics allows for the identification of objective markers of dietary intake. OBJECTIVES We aimed to identify associations between dietary dairy intake (total dairy, low-fat dairy, and high-fat dairy) and serum metabolites in 2 independent study populations of United States adults. METHODS Dietary intake was assessed with food frequency questionnaires. Multivariable linear regression models were used to estimate cross-sectional associations between dietary intake of dairy and 360 serum metabolites analyzed in 2 subgroups of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study (ARIC; n = 3776). Results from the 2 subgroups were meta-analyzed using fixed effects meta-analysis. Significant meta-analyzed associations in the ARIC study were then tested in the Bogalusa Heart Study (BHS; n = 785). RESULTS In the ARIC study and BHS, the mean age was 54 and 48 years, 61% and 29% were Black, and the mean dairy intake was 1.7 and 1.3 servings/day, respectively. Twenty-nine significant associations between dietary intake of dairy and serum metabolites were identified in the ARIC study (total dairy, n = 14; low-fat dairy, n = 10; high-fat dairy, n = 5). Three associations were also significant in BHS: myristate (14:0) was associated with high-fat dairy, and pantothenate was associated with total dairy and low-fat dairy, but 23 of the 27 associations significant in the ARIC study and tested in BHS were not associated with dairy in BHS. CONCLUSIONS We identified metabolomic associations with dietary intake of dairy, including 3 associations found in 2 independent cohort studies. These results suggest that myristate (14:0) and pantothenate (vitamin B5) are candidate biomarkers of dairy consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Bernard
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jingsha Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Hyunju Kim
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Zhijie Huang
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Lydia Bazzano
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Lu Qi
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Jiang He
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Varun S Rao
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Kaitlin S Potts
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States; Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Tanika N Kelly
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Kari E Wong
- Metabolon, Research Triangle Park, Morrisville, NC, United States
| | - Lyn M Steffen
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Bing Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Eugene P Rhee
- Division of Nephrology and Endocrine Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Casey M Rebholz
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.
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Sawicki C, Haslam D, Bhupathiraju S. Utilising the precision nutrition toolkit in the path towards precision medicine. Proc Nutr Soc 2023; 82:359-369. [PMID: 37475596 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665123003038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
The overall aim of precision nutrition is to replace the 'one size fits all' approach to dietary advice with recommendations that are more specific to the individual in order to improve the prevention or management of chronic disease. Interest in precision nutrition has grown with advancements in technologies such as genomics, proteomics, metabolomics and measurement of the gut microbiome. Precision nutrition initiatives have three major applications in precision medicine. First, they aim to provide more 'precision' dietary assessments through artificial intelligence, wearable devices or by employing omic technologies to characterise diet more precisely. Secondly, precision nutrition allows us to understand the underlying mechanisms of how diet influences disease risk and identify individuals who are more susceptible to disease due to gene-diet or microbiota-diet interactions. Third, precision nutrition can be used for 'personalised nutrition' advice where machine-learning algorithms can integrate data from omic profiles with other personal and clinical measures to improve disease risk. Proteomics and metabolomics especially provide the ability to discover new biomarkers of food or nutrient intake, proteomic or metabolomic signatures of diet and disease, and discover potential mechanisms of diet-disease interactions. Although there are several challenges that must be overcome to improve the reproducibility, cost-effectiveness and efficacy of these approaches, precision nutrition methodologies have great potential for nutrition research and clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleigh Sawicki
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Danielle Haslam
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shilpa Bhupathiraju
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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French CD, Arnold CD, Taha AY, Engle-Stone R, Schmidt RJ, Hertz-Picciotto I, Slupsky CM. Assessing Repeated Urinary Proline Betaine Measures as a Biomarker of Usual Citrus Intake during Pregnancy: Sources of Within-Person Variation and Correlation with Reported Intake. Metabolites 2023; 13:904. [PMID: 37623848 PMCID: PMC10456298 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13080904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Proline betaine (Pro-B) has been identified as a biomarker of dietary citrus intake, yet gaps remain in its validation as a quantitative predictor of intake during various physiological states. This study quantified sources of within-individual variation (WIV) in urinary Pro-B concentration during pregnancy and assessed its correlation with the reported usual intake of citrus fruit and juice. Pro-B concentrations were determined by 1H-NMR spectroscopy in spot and 24-h urine specimens (n = 255) collected throughout pregnancy from women participating in the MARBLES cohort study. Adjusted linear or log mixed effects models quantified WIV and tested potential temporal predictors of continuous or elevated Pro-B concentration. Pearson or Spearman correlations assessed the relationship between averaged repeated biomarker measures and usual citrus intake reported by food frequency questionnaires. The proportion of variance in urinary Pro-B attributable to WIV ranged from 0.69 to 0.74 in unadjusted and adjusted models. Citrus season was a significant predictor of Pro-B in most analyses (e.g., adjusted β [95% CI]: 0.52 [0.16, 0.88] for non-normalized Pro-B), while gestational age predicted only non-normalized Pro-B (adjusted β [95% CI]: -0.093 [-0.18, -0.0038]). Moderate correlations (rs of 0.40 to 0.42) were found between reported usual citrus intake and averaged repeated biomarker measurements, which were stronger compared to using a single measurement. Given the high degree of WIV observed in urinary Pro-B, multiple samples per participant are likely needed to assess associations between citrus consumption and health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin D. French
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (C.D.F.); (C.D.A.); (R.E.-S.)
| | - Charles D. Arnold
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (C.D.F.); (C.D.A.); (R.E.-S.)
| | - Ameer Y. Taha
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
| | - Reina Engle-Stone
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (C.D.F.); (C.D.A.); (R.E.-S.)
| | - Rebecca J. Schmidt
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (R.J.S.); (I.H.-P.)
| | - Irva Hertz-Picciotto
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (R.J.S.); (I.H.-P.)
| | - Carolyn M. Slupsky
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (C.D.F.); (C.D.A.); (R.E.-S.)
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
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9
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Gadgil MD, Wood AC, Karaman I, Graça G, Tzoulaki I, Zhong VW, Greenland P, Kanaya AM, Herrington DM. Metabolomic Profile of the Healthy Eating Index-2015 in the Multiethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. J Nutr 2023; 153:2174-2180. [PMID: 37271414 PMCID: PMC10493432 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poor diet quality is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. However, knowledge of metabolites marking adherence to Dietary Guidelines for Americans (2015 version) are limited. OBJECTIVES The goal was to determine a pattern of metabolites associated with the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015, which measures adherence to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. METHODS The analysis examined 3557 adult men and women from the longitudinal cohort Multiethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA), without known cardiovascular disease and with complete dietary data. Fasting serum specimens and diet and demographic questionnaires were assessed at baseline. Untargeted 1H 1-dimensional nuclei magnetic resonance spectroscopy (600 MHz) was used to generate metabolomics and lipidomics. A metabolome-wide association study specified each spectral feature as outcomes, HEI-2015 score as predictor, adjusting for age, sex, race, and study site in linear regression analyses. Subsequently, hierarchical clustering defined the discrete groups of correlated nuclei magnetic resonance features associated with named metabolites, and the linear regression analysis assessed for associations with HEI-2015 total and component scores. RESULTS The sample included 50% women with an mean age of 63 years, with 40% identifying as White, 23% as Black, 24% as Hispanic, and 13% as Chinese American. The mean HEI-2015 score was 66. The metabolome-wide association study identified 179 spectral features significantly associated with HEI-2015 score. The cluster analysis identified 7 clusters representing 4 metabolites; HEI-2015 score was significantly associated with all. HEI-2015 score was associated with proline betaine [β = 0.12 (SE = 0.02); P = 4.70 × 10-13] and was inversely related to proline [β = -0.13 (SE = 0.02); P = 4.45 × 10-14], 1,5 anhydrosorbitol [β = -0.08 (SE = 0.02); P = 4.37 × 10-7] and unsaturated fatty acyl chains [β = 0.08 (SE = 0.02); P = 8.98 × 10-7]. Intake of total fruit, whole grains, and seafood and plant proteins was associated with proline betaine. CONCLUSIONS Diet quality is significantly associated with unsaturated fatty acyl chains, proline betaine, and proline. Further analysis may clarify the link between diet quality, metabolites, and pathogenesis of cardiometabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghana D Gadgil
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States.
| | - Alexis C Wood
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Houston, TX United States
| | - Ibrahim Karaman
- National Phenome Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Goncalo Graça
- Section of Bioinformatics, Division of Systems Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ioanna Tzoulaki
- National Phenome Centre, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Victor W Zhong
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Philip Greenland
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Alka M Kanaya
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - David M Herrington
- Section on Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
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10
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Kim H, Appel LJ, Lichtenstein AH, Wong KE, Chatterjee N, Rhee EP, Rebholz CM. Metabolomic Profiles Associated With Blood Pressure Reduction in Response to the DASH and DASH-Sodium Dietary Interventions. Hypertension 2023; 80:1494-1506. [PMID: 37161796 PMCID: PMC10262995 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.123.20901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diets reduced blood pressure (BP) in the DASH and DASH-Sodium trials, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. We identified metabolites associated with systolic BP or diastolic BP (DBP) changes induced by dietary interventions (DASH versus control arms) in 2 randomized controlled feeding studies-the DASH and DASH-Sodium trials. METHODS Metabolomic profiling was conducted in serum and urine samples collected at the end of diet interventions: DASH (n=219) and DASH-Sodium (n=395). Using multivariable linear regression models, associations were examined between metabolites and change in systolic BP and DBP. Tested for interactions between diet interventions and metabolites were the following comparisons: (1) DASH versus control diets in the DASH trial (serum), (2) DASH high-sodium versus control high-sodium diets in the DASH-Sodium trial (urine), and (3) DASH low-sodium versus control high-sodium diets in the DASH-Sodium trial (urine). RESULTS Sixty-five significant interactions were identified (DASH trial [serum], 12; DASH high sodium [urine], 35; DASH low sodium [urine], 18) between metabolites and systolic BP or DBP. In the DASH trial, serum tryptophan betaine was associated with reductions in DBP in participants consuming the DASH diets but not control diets (P interaction, 0.023). In the DASH-Sodium trial, urine levels of N-methylglutamate and proline derivatives (eg, stachydrine, 3-hydroxystachydrine, N-methylproline, and N-methylhydroxyproline) were associated with reductions in systolic BP or DBP in participants consuming the DASH diets but not control diets (P interaction, <0.05 for all tests). CONCLUSIONS We identified metabolites that were associated with BP lowering in response to dietary interventions. REGISTRATION URL: https://www. CLINICALTRIALS gov/ct2/show/NCT03403166; Unique identifier: NCT03403166 (DASH trial). URL: https://www. CLINICALTRIALS gov/ct2/show/NCT00000608; Unique identifier: NCT00000608 (DASH-Sodium trial).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunju Kim
- Department of Epidemiology (H.K., L.J.A., C.M.R.), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (H.K., L.J.A., C.M.R.)
| | - Lawrence J. Appel
- Department of Epidemiology (H.K., L.J.A., C.M.R.), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (L.J.A., C.M.R.)
| | - Alice H. Lichtenstein
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (H.K., L.J.A., C.M.R.)
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA (A.H.L.)
| | - Kari E. Wong
- Metabolon, Research Triangle Park, Morrisville, NC (K.E.W.)
| | - Nilanjan Chatterjee
- Department of Biostatistics (N.C.), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Eugene P. Rhee
- Nephrology Division and Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA (E.P.R.)
| | - Casey M. Rebholz
- Department of Epidemiology (H.K., L.J.A., C.M.R.), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD (H.K., L.J.A., C.M.R.)
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11
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Kim H, Lichtenstein AH, Ganz P, Du S, Tang O, Yu B, Chatterjee N, Appel LJ, Coresh J, Rebholz CM. Identification of Protein Biomarkers of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Diet in Randomized Feeding Studies and Validation in an Observational Study. J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e028821. [PMID: 36974735 PMCID: PMC10122905 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.028821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Background The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet is recommended for cardiovascular disease prevention. We aimed to identify protein biomarkers of the DASH diet using data from 2 randomized feeding studies and validate them in an observational study, the ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities) study. Methods and Results Large-scale proteomic profiling was conducted in serum specimens (SomaLogic) collected at the end of 8-week and 4-week DASH diet interventions in multicenter, randomized controlled feeding studies of the DASH trial (N=215) and the DASH-Sodium trial (N=396), respectively. Multivariable linear regression models were used to compare the relative abundance of 7241 proteins between the DASH and control diet interventions. Estimates from the 2 trials were meta-analyzed using fixed-effects models. We validated significant proteins in the ARIC study (N=10 490) using the DASH diet score. At a false discovery rate <0.05, there were 71 proteins that were different between the DASH diet and control diet in the DASH and DASH-Sodium trials. Nineteen proteins were validated in the ARIC study. The 19 proteins collectively improved the prediction of the DASH diet intervention in the feeding studies (range of difference in C statistics, 0.267-0.313; P<0.001 for both tests) and the DASH diet score in the ARIC study (difference in C statistics, 0.017; P<0.001) beyond participant characteristics. Conclusions We identified 19 proteins robustly associated with the DASH diet in 3 studies, which may serve as biomarkers of the DASH diet. These results suggest potential pathways that are impacted by consumption of the DASH diet. Registration URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifiers: NCT03403166, NCT00000608.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunju Kim
- Department of EpidemiologyJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMD
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical ResearchJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD
| | | | - Peter Ganz
- Cardiovascular Division, Zuckerberg San Francisco General HospitalUniversity of California, San FranciscoSan FranciscoCA
| | - Shutong Du
- Department of EpidemiologyJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMD
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical ResearchJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD
| | - Olive Tang
- Department of EpidemiologyJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMD
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical ResearchJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD
| | - Bing Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics & Environmental SciencesUniversity of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston School of Public HealthHoustonTX
| | - Nilanjan Chatterjee
- Department of BiostatisticsJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMD
| | - Lawrence J. Appel
- Department of EpidemiologyJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMD
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical ResearchJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD
- Division of Nephrology, Department of MedicineJohns Hopkins School of MedicineBaltimoreMD
| | - Josef Coresh
- Department of EpidemiologyJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMD
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical ResearchJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD
- Division of Nephrology, Department of MedicineJohns Hopkins School of MedicineBaltimoreMD
| | - Casey M. Rebholz
- Department of EpidemiologyJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMD
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical ResearchJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD
- Division of Nephrology, Department of MedicineJohns Hopkins School of MedicineBaltimoreMD
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12
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Oono F, Murakami K, Fujiwara A, Shinozaki N, Adachi R, Asakura K, Masayasu S, Sasaki S. Development of a Diet Quality Score for Japanese and Comparison With Existing Diet Quality Scores Regarding Inadequacy of Nutrient Intake. J Nutr 2023; 153:798-810. [PMID: 36931752 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2022.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have explored optimal diet quality scores in Japan. OBJECTIVES We developed a Diet Quality Score for Japanese (DQSJ) and examined the associations of DQSJ and existing diet quality scores with inadequacy of nutrient intake in Japanese adults. METHODS Candidate components of the DQSJ were extracted from well-established diet quality scores: Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015), Alternate Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010), Alternate Mediterranean Diet score (AMED), and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH). From candidates, we selected the components of the DQSJ, considering potential health effects of the components (from the Global Burden of Disease Study) and dietary intake in Japan. The DQSJ included 10 components: fruits, vegetables, whole grain, dairy, nuts, legumes, fish, red and processed meat, sugar-sweetened beverages, and sodium. We calculated the DQSJ, HEI-2015, AHEI-2010, AMED, DASH, and Japanese Food Guide Spinning Top score (JFGST) based on 4-d dietary records of 392 Japanese aged 20-69 y. Inadequate intakes of 21 nutrients were assessed using the DRIs for Japanese. Logistic regression was used to examine the prevalence of inadequate nutrient intake according to quartiles of the scores. RESULTS All examined scores except the JFGST were moderately to strongly correlated with each other (Spearman correlation coefficients: 0.52-0.84). They were inversely associated with the prevalence of inadequate intake of most nutrients (n = 16 for DQSJ and HEI-2015, n = 13 for AHEI-2010 and DASH, n = 17 for AMED, compared with n = 4 for JFGST). AMED was also positively associated with the prevalence of inadequate sodium intake, whereas no such associations were observed for the other scores. CONCLUSIONS Similar to HEI-2015, AHEI-2010, and DASH, the DQSJ was generally associated with the low prevalence of inadequate intake of most nutrients in Japanese adults. Further evaluations against biomarkers and health outcomes are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumi Oono
- Department of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, Division of Health Sciences and Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Murakami
- Department of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, School of Public Health, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Aya Fujiwara
- Department of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, School of Public Health, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Nutritional Epidemiology and Shokuiku, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nana Shinozaki
- Department of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, School of Public Health, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Riho Adachi
- Department of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, School of Public Health, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Asakura
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Satoshi Sasaki
- Department of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, Division of Health Sciences and Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, School of Public Health, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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Yang G, Mishra M, Perera MA. Multi-Omics Studies in Historically Excluded Populations: The Road to Equity. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2023; 113:541-556. [PMID: 36495075 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.2818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, genomewide association studies (GWASs) have identified the specific genetics variants contributing to many complex diseases by testing millions of genetic variations across the human genome against a variety of phenotypes. However, GWASs are limited in their ability to uncover mechanistic insight given that most significant associations are found in non-coding region of the genome. Furthermore, the lack of diversity in studies has stymied the advance of precision medicine for many historically excluded populations. In this review, we summarize most popular multi-omics approaches (genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) related to precision medicine and highlight if diverse populations have been included and how their findings have advance biological understanding of disease and drug response. New methods that incorporate local ancestry have been to improve the power of GWASs for admixed populations (such as African Americans and Latinx). Because most signals from GWAS are in the non-coding region, other machine learning and omics approaches have been developed to identify the potential causative single-nucleotide polymorphisms and genes that explain these phenotypes. These include polygenic risk scores, expression quantitative trait locus mapping, and transcriptome-wide association studies. Analogous protein methods, such as proteins quantitative trait locus mapping, proteome-wide association studies, and metabolomic approaches provide insight into the consequences of genetic variation on protein abundance. Whereas, integrated multi-omics studies have improved our understanding of the mechanisms for genetic association, we still lack the datasets and cohorts for historically excluded populations to provide equity in precision medicine and pharmacogenomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Pharmacogenomics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Mrinal Mishra
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Pharmacogenomics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Minoli A Perera
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Pharmacogenomics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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14
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Mi MY, Gajjar P, Walker ME, Miller P, Xanthakis V, Murthy VL, Larson MG, Vasan RS, Shah RV, Lewis GD, Nayor M. Association of Healthy Dietary Patterns and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in the Community. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.02.09.23285714. [PMID: 36798343 PMCID: PMC9934801 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.09.23285714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Aims To evaluate the associations of dietary indices and quantitative CRF measures in a large, community-based sample harnessing metabolomic profiling to interrogate shared biology. Methods Framingham Heart Study (FHS) participants underwent maximum effort cardiopulmonary exercise tests for CRF quantification (via peak VO 2 ) and completed semi-quantitative FFQs. Dietary quality was assessed by the Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) and Mediterranean-style Diet Score (MDS), and fasting blood concentrations of 201 metabolites were quantified. Results In 2380 FHS participants (54±9 years, 54% female, BMI 28±5 kg/m 2 ), 1-SD higher AHEI and MDS were associated with 5.1% (1.2 ml/kg/min, p<0.0001) and 4.4% (1.0 ml/kg/min, p<0.0001) greater peak VO 2 in linear models adjusted for age, sex, total energy intake, cardiovascular risk factors, and physical activity. In participants with metabolite profiling (N=1154), 24 metabolites were concordantly associated with both dietary indices and peak VO 2 in multivariable-adjusted linear models (FDR<5%). These metabolites included C6 and C7 carnitines, C16:0 ceramide, and dimethylguanidino valeric acid, which were higher with lower CRF and poorer dietary quality and are known markers of insulin resistance and cardiovascular risk. Conversely, C38:7 phosphatidylcholine plasmalogen and C38:7 and C40:7 phosphatidylethanolamine plasmalogens were associated with higher CRF and favorable dietary quality and may link to lower cardiometabolic risk. Conclusion Higher diet quality is associated with greater CRF cross-sectionally in a middle-aged community-dwelling sample, and metabolites highlight potential shared favorable effects on health.
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15
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Krakauer NY, Krakauer JC. Diet Composition, Anthropometrics, and Mortality Risk. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12885. [PMID: 36232184 PMCID: PMC9566505 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
While overeating is considered a cause of the obesity epidemic as quantified by body mass index (BMI), the association of diet with a body shape index (ABSI) and hip index (HI), which are transformations of waist and hip circumference that are independent of BMI and which predict mortality risk, is poorly known. We used data from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study of about 15,000 middle-aged adults to investigate associations between macronutrient intake (energy, carbohydrate, protein, and fat, the latter two divided into plant and animal sources, all based on self-reported food frequency) with anthropometric indices (BMI, ABSI, and HI). We also analyzed the association of diet and anthropometrics with death rate during approximately 30 years of follow-up. High intake of energy and animal fat and protein was generally associated with higher ABSI and lower HI at baseline, as well as greater mortality hazard. BMI was also positively linked with animal fat and protein intake. In contrast, higher intake of carbohydrates and plant fat and protein was associated with lower ABSI and BMI, higher HI, and lower mortality hazard. For example, after adjustment for potential confounders, each standard deviation of additional plant fat intake (as a fraction of total energy) was associated with a 5% decrease in mortality rate, while animal fat intake was associated with a 5% mortality increase per standard deviation. The directions of the associations between diet and anthropometrics are consistent with those found between anthropometrics and mortality without reference to diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nir Y. Krakauer
- Department of Civil Engineering, City College of New York, New York, NY 10031, USA
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16
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Kim H, Yu B, Li X, Wong KE, Boerwinkle E, Seidelmann SB, Levey AS, Rhee EP, Coresh J, Rebholz CM. Serum metabolomic signatures of plant-based diets and incident chronic kidney disease. Am J Clin Nutr 2022; 116:151-164. [PMID: 35218183 PMCID: PMC9257476 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqac054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Greater adherence to plant-based diets is associated with a lower risk of incident chronic kidney disease (CKD). Metabolomics can help identify blood biomarkers of plant-based diets and enhance understanding of underlying mechanisms. OBJECTIVES Using untargeted metabolomics, we aimed to identify metabolites associated with 4 plant-based diet indices (PDIs) (overall PDI, provegetarian diet, healthful PDI, and unhealthful PDI) and incident CKD in 2 subgroups within the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study. METHODS We calculated 4 PDIs based on participants' responses on an FFQ. We used multivariable linear regression to examine the association between 4 PDIs and 374 individual metabolites, adjusting for confounders. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to evaluate associations between PDI-related metabolites and incident CKD. Estimates were meta-analyzed across 2 subgroups (n1 = 1762; n2 = 1960). We calculated C-statistics to assess whether metabolites improved the prediction of those in the highest quintile compared to the lower 4 quintiles of PDIs, and whether PDI- and CKD-related metabolites predicted incident CKD beyond the CKD prediction model. RESULTS We identified 82 significant PDI-metabolite associations (overall PDI = 27; provegetarian = 17; healthful PDI = 20; unhealthful PDI = 18); 11 metabolites overlapped across the overall PDI, provegetarian diet, and healthful PDI. The addition of metabolites improved prediction of those in the highest quintile as opposed to the lower 4 quintiles of PDIs compared with participant characteristics alone (range of differences in C-statistics = 0.026-0.104; P value ≤ 0.001 for all tests). Six PDI-related metabolites (glycerate, 1,5-anhydroglucitol, γ-glutamylalanine, γ-glutamylglutamate, γ-glutamylleucine, γ-glutamylvaline), involved in glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, pyruvate metabolism, and γ-glutamyl peptide metabolism, were significantly associated with incident CKD and improved prediction of incident CKD beyond the CKD prediction model (difference in C-statistics for 6 metabolites = 0.005; P value = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS In a community-based study of US adults, we identified metabolites that were related to plant-based diets and predicted incident CKD. These metabolites highlight pathways through which plant-based diets are associated with incident CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunju Kim
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA,Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Bing Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics & Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xin Li
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics & Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sara B Seidelmann
- College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrew S Levey
- Division of Nephrology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eugene P Rhee
- Nephrology Division and Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Josef Coresh
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA,Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA,Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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17
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Dietary Management of Heart Failure: DASH Diet and Precision Nutrition Perspectives. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124424. [PMID: 34959976 PMCID: PMC8708696 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a major health care burden increasing in prevalence over time. Effective, evidence-based interventions for HF prevention and management are needed to improve patient longevity, symptom control, and quality of life. Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet interventions can have a positive impact for HF patients. However, the absence of a consensus for comprehensive dietary guidelines and for pragmatic evidence limits the ability of health care providers to implement clinical recommendations. The refinement of medical nutrition therapy through precision nutrition approaches has the potential to reduce the burden of HF, improve clinical care, and meet the needs of diverse patients. The aim of this review is to summarize current evidence related to HF dietary recommendations including DASH diet nutritional interventions and to develop initial recommendations for DASH diet implementation in outpatient HF management. Articles involving human studies were obtained using the following search terms: Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH diet), diet pattern, diet, metabolism, and heart failure. Only full-text articles written in English were included in this review. As DASH nutritional interventions have been proposed, limitations of these studies are the small sample size and non-randomization of interventions, leading to less reliable evidence. Randomized controlled interventions are needed to offer definitive evidence related to the use of the DASH diet in HF management.
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18
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawn C Schwenke
- Associate Chief of Staff/Research & Development, Research Service, VA Northern California Health Care System, Mather, California, USA
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19
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Lépine G, Fouillet H, Rémond D, Huneau JF, Mariotti F, Polakof S. A Scoping Review: Metabolomics Signatures Associated with Animal and Plant Protein Intake and Their Potential Relation with Cardiometabolic Risk. Adv Nutr 2021; 12:2112-2131. [PMID: 34229350 PMCID: PMC8634484 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmab073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The dietary shift from animal protein (AP) to plant protein (PP) sources is encouraged for both environmental and health reasons. For instance, PPs are associated with lower cardiovascular and diabetes risks compared with APs, although the underlying mechanisms mostly remain unknown. Metabolomics is a valuable tool for globally and mechanistically characterizing the impact of AP and PP intake, given its unique ability to provide integrated signatures and specific biomarkers of metabolic effects through a comprehensive snapshot of metabolic status. This scoping review is aimed at gathering and analyzing the available metabolomics data associated with PP- and AP-rich diets, and discusses the metabolic effects underlying these metabolomics signatures and their potential implication for cardiometabolic health. We selected 24 human studies comparing the urine, plasma, or serum metabolomes associated with diets with contrasted AP and PP intakes. Among the 439 metabolites reported in those studies as able to discriminate AP- and PP-rich diets, 46 were considered to provide a robust level of evidence, according to a scoring system, especially amino acids (AAs) and AA-related products. Branched-chain amino acids, aromatic amino acids (AAAs), glutamate, short-chain acylcarnitines, and trimethylamine-N-oxide, which are known to be related to an increased cardiometabolic risk, were associated with AP-rich diets, whereas glycine (rather related to a reduced risk) was associated with PP-rich diets. Tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates and products from gut microbiota AAA degradation were also often reported, but the direction of their associations differed across studies. Overall, AP- and PP-rich diets result in different metabolomics signatures, with several metabolites being plausible candidates to explain some of their differential associations with cardiometabolic risk. Additional studies specifically focusing on protein type, with rigorous intake control, are needed to better characterize the associated metabolic phenotypes and understand how they could mediate differential AP and PP effects on cardiometabolic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaïa Lépine
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR 1019, Unité Nutrition Humaine, Clermont-Ferrand, France,Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR PNCA, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Fouillet
- Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR PNCA, Paris, France
| | - Didier Rémond
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR 1019, Unité Nutrition Humaine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - François Mariotti
- Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR PNCA, Paris, France
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20
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Kim H, Anderson CA, Hu EA, Zheng Z, Appel LJ, He J, Feldman HI, Anderson AH, Ricardo AC, Bhat Z, Kelly TN, Chen J, Vasan RS, Kimmel PL, Grams ME, Coresh J, Clish CB, Rhee EP, Rebholz CM. Plasma Metabolomic Signatures of Healthy Dietary Patterns in the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Study. J Nutr 2021; 151:2894-2907. [PMID: 34195833 PMCID: PMC8485904 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD), healthy dietary patterns are inversely associated with CKD progression. Metabolomics, an approach that measures many small molecules in biofluids, can identify biomarkers of healthy dietary patterns. OBJECTIVES We aimed to identify known metabolites associated with greater adherence to 4 healthy dietary patterns in CKD patients. METHODS We examined associations between 486 known plasma metabolites and Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015, Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI)-2010, the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet, and alternate Mediterranean diet (aMED) in 1056 participants (aged 21-74 y at baseline) in the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Study. Usual dietary intake was assessed using a semiquantitative FFQ. We conducted multivariable linear regression models to study associations between healthy dietary patterns and individual plasma metabolites, adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, health behaviors, and clinical factors. We used principal component analysis to identify groups of metabolites associated with individual food components within healthy dietary patterns. RESULTS After Bonferroni correction, we identified 266 statistically significant diet-metabolite associations (HEI: n = 60; AHEI: n = 78; DASH: n = 77; aMED: n = 51); 78 metabolites were associated with >1 dietary pattern. Lipids with a longer acyl chain length and double bonds (unsaturated) were positively associated with all 4 dietary patterns. A metabolite pattern low in saturated diacylglycerols and triacylglycerols, and a pattern high in unsaturated triacylglycerols was positively associated with intake of healthy food components. Plasmalogens were negatively associated with the consumption of nuts and legumes and healthy fat, and positively associated with the intake of red and processed meat. CONCLUSIONS We identified many metabolites associated with healthy dietary patterns, indicative of food consumption. If replicated, these metabolites may be considered biomarkers of healthy dietary patterns in patients with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunju Kim
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA,Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Cheryl Am Anderson
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Zihe Zheng
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lawrence J Appel
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA,Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jiang He
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA,Department of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Harold I Feldman
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Amanda H Anderson
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Ana C Ricardo
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Zeenat Bhat
- Department of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Tanika N Kelly
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA,Department of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA,Department of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | | | - Paul L Kimmel
- Division of Kidney, Urologic, and Hematologic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Morgan E Grams
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA,Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Josef Coresh
- Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA,Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Clary B Clish
- The Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology
, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eugene P Rhee
- Nephrology Division and Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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21
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Rebholz CM, Gao Y, Talegawkar S, Tucker KL, Colantonio LD, Muntner P, Ngo D, Chen ZZ, Cruz D, Katz D, Tahir UA, Clish C, Gerszten RE, Wilson JG. Metabolomic Markers of Southern Dietary Patterns in the Jackson Heart Study. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 65:e2000796. [PMID: 33629508 PMCID: PMC8192080 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE New biomarkers are needed that are representative of dietary intake. METHODS AND RESULTS We assess metabolites associated with Southern dietary patterns in 1401 Jackson Heart Study participants. Three dietary patterns are empirically derived using principal component analysis: meat and fast food, fish and vegetables, and starchy foods. We randomly select two subsets of the study population: two-third sample for discovery (n = 934) and one-third sample for replication (n = 467). Among the 327 metabolites analyzed, 14 are significantly associated with the meat and fast food dietary pattern, four are significantly associated with the fish and vegetables dietary pattern, and none are associated with the starchy foods dietary pattern in the discovery sample. In the replication sample, nine remain associated with the meat and fast food dietary pattern [indole-3-propanoic acid, C24:0 lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), N-methyl proline, proline betaine, C34:2 phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) plasmalogen, C36:5 PE plasmalogen, C38:5 PE plasmalogen, cotinine, hydroxyproline] and three remain associated with the fish and vegetables dietary pattern [1,7-dimethyluric acid, C22:6 lysophosphatidylethanolamine, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)]. CONCLUSION Twelve metabolites are discovered and replicated in association with dietary patterns detected in a Southern U.S. African-American population, which could be useful as biomarkers of Southern dietary patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey M. Rebholz
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Yan Gao
- The Jackson Heart Study, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Sameera Talegawkar
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC
| | - Katherine L. Tucker
- Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts
| | - Lisandro D. Colantonio
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Paul Muntner
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Debby Ngo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Zsu Zsu Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Daniel Cruz
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Daniel Katz
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Usman A. Tahir
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Robert E. Gerszten
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - James G. Wilson
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
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Metabolomic Biomarkers of Healthy Dietary Patterns and Cardiovascular Outcomes. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2021; 23:26. [PMID: 33782776 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-021-00921-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Healthy dietary patterns are recommended for prevention of CVD. Recently, metabolomics has been used to identify biomarkers of healthy dietary patterns and elucidate mechanisms underlying diet-disease associations. This review provides an overview of approaches to define healthy dietary patterns, discusses important issues related to using metabolomics to describe healthy dietary patterns, and summarizes studies identifying blood metabolites associated with hypothesis-driven healthy dietary patterns and cardiovascular risk factors and incident CVD. RECENT FINDINGS We identified 17 studies which reported on blood metabolomic signatures of 5 healthy dietary patterns (Healthy Eating Index, Alternative Healthy Eating Index, the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet, Mediterranean diet, vegetarian diet). Four of these studies evaluated associations between diet-related metabolites and cardiovascular outcomes. Many metabolites replicated across different healthy dietary patterns, which suggest that they may represent biomarkers of generally healthy diets. Unsaturated lipids positively associated with healthy dietary patterns were inversely associated with incident CVD, suggesting that they may be a pathway through which diet is associated with a lower risk of CVD. Although many metabolites replicated across cross-sectional studies, few metabolites identified as candidate biomarkers of healthy diets in feeding studies replicated in observational studies. Additionally, limited evidence exists on the ability of diet-related metabolites to predict cardiovascular outcomes. Replication of candidate biomarkers of dietary patterns in different study designs and more studies evaluating the associations between diet-related metabolites and cardiovascular outcomes are needed.
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